JP6635603B2 - Underground cavity filling method - Google Patents
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Description
本発明は、地下空洞のうち、所定の地域において、そのすべての地下空洞領域ではなく、あらかじめ充填される領域が決められた、いわゆる限定された地下空洞領域を埋戻すための地下空洞充填工法に関するものである。 The present invention relates to an underground cavity filling method for refilling a so-called limited underground cavity region in which a region to be filled is determined in advance, rather than all the underground cavity regions, in a predetermined area of an underground cavity. Things.
近年では、空洞充填工事のほとんどの工事が事業範囲の外側空洞には関与しないものとし、前記外側空洞に充填材が流出することを極力防止しなければならないものとされている。そのため、地下空洞内の充填領域と非充填領域とを境界線などによって確実に分け、前記境界線内で充填作業を行わなければならないため、境界線での線引き作業、外側への充填材の漏れ防止など、充填作業の作業コスト増大が懸念されていた。
In recent years, it has been considered that most of the work of filling the cavity does not involve the outer cavity of the project area, and that the filler material must be prevented from flowing out into the outer cavity as much as possible. Therefore, the filling area and the non-filling area in the underground cavity must be reliably separated by a boundary line or the like, and the filling operation must be performed within the boundary line. There was a concern that the operation cost of the filling operation, such as prevention, would increase.
地中に存する亜炭廃坑、防空壕、採石場、石灰岩やシラスによる自然空洞等、比較的大規模な地下空洞は、しばしば地盤沈下や地盤陥没等の事故を引き起こしている。 Relatively large underground cavities such as underground lignite mines, air raid shelters, quarries, and natural cavities made of limestone and shirasu often cause accidents such as land subsidence and ground subsidence.
そして、その対策としては、前記地下空洞を埋め戻すいわゆる地下空洞充填工法が有効である。 As a countermeasure, a so-called underground cavity filling method for refilling the underground cavity is effective.
典型的な地下空洞充填工法としては、充填材としてセメントミルク、モルタル、コンクリート等を用いる工法、エアモルタルを用いる工法、土質材料に石灰系あるいはセメント系の固化材及び水を混合した流動性の高いスラリーを用いる工法が一般に知られている。しかしながら、これらによれば、以下の課題が指摘される。 Typical underground cavity filling methods include a method using cement milk, mortar, concrete, etc. as a filler, a method using air mortar, and a highly fluid mixture of a lime-based or cement-based solidified material and water mixed with a soil material. A construction method using a slurry is generally known. However, according to these, the following problems are pointed out.
すなわち、充填材としてセメントミルク、モルタル、コンクリート等の固化材を用いる工法の場合、材料コストが高価になり、しかも充填材の発現する強度が周囲の地盤よりも著しく大きいため、オーバースペックとなってしまう。また、充填後の流動性の制御や、限定された領域への充填が困難であり、しかも地下水が充満した空洞への充填では、材料分離による地下水汚染を防止するための増粘剤を配合するといった対策が必要であり、この場合は流動性の低下によって、ポンプによる長距離の圧送が困難になる。 In other words, in the case of a method using a solidifying material such as cement milk, mortar, and concrete as a filler, the material cost is high, and the strength of the filler is significantly larger than that of the surrounding ground. I will. In addition, it is difficult to control fluidity after filling and filling a limited area, and when filling a cavity filled with groundwater, a thickener is added to prevent groundwater contamination due to material separation. In such a case, it is difficult to perform long-distance pumping by a pump due to a decrease in fluidity.
次に、充填材としてエアモルタルを用いる工法の場合、ポンプによる地下空洞への圧送過程や地下水中でエアの損失を起こす可能性がある。しかも地下水中下では、高い水圧が作用することによって、混入されたエアの容積が地上に比較して著しく減少し、所定の充填形状を確保することが困難である。また、流動性の高いスラリーを用いる工法の場合は、地下空洞中の限定された領域に充填する工法としては不向きであり、充填対象外の広い領域まで充填材が流出してしまうといったロスを見込む必要があり、充填材の量が徒らに多くなって、充填に要する時間も長大化する等の課題があった。 Next, in the case of a construction method using air mortar as a filler, there is a possibility that air is lost in the process of pumping into the underground cavity by a pump or in groundwater. In addition, under the groundwater, the volume of the mixed air is significantly reduced by the high water pressure as compared with the ground, and it is difficult to secure a predetermined filling shape. In addition, in the case of a method using a slurry having a high fluidity, the method is not suitable as a method of filling a limited area in an underground cavity, and a loss such that the filler flows out to a wide area outside the filling target is expected. However, there is a problem that the amount of the filler is unnecessarily increased and the time required for the filling is lengthened.
これらの課題を解決するため、特開２００２−８１０５４号公報の発明が提案され、いわゆる地下空洞内の任意の領域を地下水の有無に拘らず限定的に空洞の充填を可能とし、低コストで、しかも施工の容易な充填工法が提供されたのである。 In order to solve these problems, the invention of Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-81054 has been proposed, and it is possible to limit the filling of a so-called underground cavity to an arbitrary area with or without groundwater, at a low cost. Moreover, an easy-to-install filling method was provided.
空洞充填工法とは、砕石工場や砂利工場で発生した砂キラや粘土キラと呼ばれる土質材料に固化材と水とを練り混ぜて製造した充填材を地上からボーリング孔を通じて空洞内に注入して固化させる充填工法である。 The hollow filling method is a method of mixing a solid material and water with a soil material called sand and clay generated at a crushed stone or gravel factory, and injecting the solid material into the hollow from the ground through a borehole to solidify. This is a filling method.
特に、限定充填工法とは、最初に流動性を制御した端部充填材を充填領域の境界線に沿って注入し、この注入した端部充填材で充填対象として限定された空洞の境界線上に空洞天盤に達する隔壁を複数形成し、これにより充填領域を閉鎖し、囲まれた充填領域のみを充填するものとするものである。
すなわち、その後、内側に流動性の高い中詰充填材を注入して完了するという、２ステップでの施工工法なのである。
In particular, with the limited filling method, the end filling material whose flowability is controlled is first injected along the boundary of the filling region, and the injected end filling material is placed on the boundary of the cavity limited as a filling target with the injected end filling material A plurality of partitions reaching the hollow roof are formed, thereby closing the filling region and filling only the enclosed filling region.
That is, it is a two-step construction method in which a filling material having a high fluidity is then injected into the inside and completed.
ここに、端部充填材には上記の充填材に水ガラスを添加したものであり、そのゲル化作用で流動性を制御するものである。これに対し、中詰充填材は端部充填材より少量の水ガラスを添加するかまたは水ガラスを添加しないため端部充填材より安価で、また流動性が高いため隔壁内の空洞を隅々まで均質に充填できる利点がある。
Here, the end filler is obtained by adding water glass to the above filler, and controls the fluidity by its gelling action. On the other hand, the filling material is less expensive than the end filling material because water glass is added in a smaller amount than the end filling material or does not contain water glass. It has the advantage that it can be filled homogeneously.
しかしながら、前記端部充填材を用い、充填対象とされる限定された空洞の充填領域と非充填領域との境界線上に空洞天盤に達する隔壁を複数形成し、前記の重点領域を閉鎖するに際しては、例えば道路を跨いで両脇に存する充填領域を充填しなければならないときなど、その充填対象範囲は、道路を挟んで２箇所になってしまい、もって充填領域範囲を囲む境界線の距離が長くなってしまう。 However, using the end filling material, forming a plurality of partitions reaching the hollow roof on the boundary between the filling region and the non-filling region of the limited cavity to be filled, and closing the important region For example, when it is necessary to fill the filling area existing on both sides across the road, the filling target range becomes two places across the road, so that the distance of the boundary line surrounding the filling area range is It will be long.
その様な場合、充填領域範囲を囲む箇所に充填される端部充填材の施工量は充填対象範囲を囲む境界線の距離が長い分だけ多くなってしまうのである。
そして、その結果、比較的高価な水ガラスが多く必要になって、工事費が嵩むという課題が生じた。
In such a case, the amount of the end filling material to be filled in a portion surrounding the filling region range increases as the distance of the boundary line surrounding the filling target range increases.
As a result, a relatively large amount of relatively expensive water glass is required, resulting in an increase in construction cost.
かくして、本発明は、前記従来の課題に対処すべく創案されたものであって、従来の空洞充填工法と異なる施工ステップを踏むことで、特に水ガラスの使用量を減じ、充填領域が決められ、限定された範囲での充填を低コストで提供できる地下空洞充填工法を提供することを目的とするものである。
Thus, the present invention was conceived to address the above-mentioned conventional problems, and by taking a construction step different from the conventional cavity filling method, in particular, the amount of water glass used was reduced, and the filling area was determined. It is an object of the present invention to provide an underground cavity filling method capable of providing filling in a limited range at low cost.
地中空洞を、決められた領域内に限定して充填する充填工法であり、充填領域と非充填領域との境界線に沿って複数の注入孔を穿設し、該注入孔から中詰充填材より流動性の低いゲル状の端部充填材を注入して、充填領域を囲む隔壁を形成し、前記隔壁で囲まれた充填領域内に前記端部充填材よりも流動性の高い中詰充填材で充填する地下空洞充填工法であって、
前記端部充填材よりコストが安価で流動性の高いゲル状の第２端部充填材を用意し、前記第２端部充填材を複数の注入孔から充填した後に端部充填材を充填した、
ことを特徴とし、
または、
前記第２端部充填材の充填終了確認は、前記端部充填材のみの充填で前記隔壁形成したときの裾部広がりと略同等の裾部広がりによって確認する、
ことを特徴とし、
または、
地中空洞を、決められた領域内に限定して充填する充填工法であり、充填領域と非充填領域との境界線に沿って複数の注入孔を穿設し、該注入孔から中詰充填材より流動性の低いゲル状の端部充填材を注入して充填領域を囲む隔壁を形成し、前記隔壁で囲まれた充填領域内に前記端部充填材よりも流動性の高い中詰充填材を前記充填領域の略中心位置から充填する地下空洞充填工法であって、
前記中詰充填材を前記充填領域の略中心位置から充填し、該中詰充填材の充填終了を、前記端部充填材の充填で前記隔壁形成したときの裾部広がりと略同等の裾部広がりが確認できたときに行い、
その後、前記複数の注入孔から前記端部充填材を注入して前記決定された充填領域を囲む隔壁を形成し、
次いで、前記中詰充填材を前記充填領域の略中心位置から充填する、
ことを特徴とし、
または、
端部充填材は、水ガラス、セメント系固化材及び土質材料を構成材料とし、水ガラスを含む第一の充填液と、セメント系固化材を含む第二の充填液とを、地下空洞への供給過程で連続的に合流・混合させ、ゲル化させることを特徴とするものである。
This is a filling method that fills underground cavities only within a predetermined area, in which a plurality of injection holes are formed along the boundary between the filling area and the non-filling area, and the filling is performed from the injection hole. Injecting a gel-like end filler having a lower fluidity than the material to form a partition surrounding the filling region, and filling the filling region surrounded by the partition with a higher fluidity than the end filler in the filling region. An underground cavity filling method of filling with filler,
A gel-like second end filler having a lower flowability and a higher fluidity than the end filler was prepared, and the second end filler was filled from a plurality of injection holes and then filled with the end filler. ,
Characterized in that
Or
Completion confirmation of the filling of the second end filler is confirmed by a skirt spread substantially equal to a skirt spread when the partition wall is formed by filling only the end filler.
Characterized in that
Or
This is a filling method that fills underground cavities only within a predetermined area, in which a plurality of injection holes are formed along the boundary between the filling area and the non-filling area, and the filling is performed from the injection hole. Filling a gel-like end filling material having a lower fluidity than the material to form a partition surrounding the filling region, and filling the filling region surrounded by the partition with a filling material having a higher fluidity than the end filling material. An underground cavity filling method for filling a material from a substantially central position of the filling region,
Filling the filling material from a substantially central position of the filling region, and completing filling of the filling material with a hem portion substantially equal to a skirt portion when the partition wall is formed by filling the end filling material. Perform when the spread is confirmed,
Thereafter, forming the partition wall surrounding the determined filling region by injecting the end filler from the plurality of injection holes,
Next, filling the filling material from a substantially central position of the filling region,
Characterized in that
Or
The end filler is composed of a water glass, a cement-based solidifying material and a soil material, and the first filling liquid containing the water glass and the second filling liquid containing the cement-based solidifying material are supplied to the underground cavity. It is characterized by being continuously merged and mixed during the supply process and gelled.
本発明によれば、今までの基本的な地下空洞充填工法と異なる施工ステップを踏むことで、特に水ガラスの使用量を減じ、充填領域が決められ、限定された範囲での充填を低コストで提供できる地下空洞充填工法を提供できるとの優れた効果を奏する。
According to the present invention, by taking construction steps different from the conventional basic underground cavity filling method, the amount of water glass used is particularly reduced, the filling area is determined, and filling in a limited range is performed at low cost. It has an excellent effect that the underground cavity filling method which can be provided by the method can be provided.
図１などに、本発明に係る地下充填工法の実施例を示す。
例えば、充填対象範囲である地下空洞Ｃにおいて、その空洞の高さｈは、例えば１〜３ｍ程度であり、地上までの土被り深さ、すなわち空洞深度ｄは１２０ｍ程度までが想定されている。
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the underground filling method according to the present invention.
For example, in the underground cavity C which is a filling target range, the height h of the cavity is, for example, about 1 to 3 m, and the earth covering depth to the ground, that is, the cavity depth d is assumed to be about 120 m.
また、亜炭廃坑からなる地下空洞Ｃの場合、亜炭の採掘方法によってその地下空洞の形は異なる。図２に示してあるのは、複数の残柱６を有する残柱式の地下空洞Ｃの水平に破断した断面図であり、その内部は、地下水で満たされている場合が多い。 Further, in the case of the underground cavity C composed of a lignite abandoned mine, the shape of the underground cavity differs depending on the lignite mining method. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a remaining pillar type underground cavity C having a plurality of remaining pillars 6, which is horizontally cut away, and the inside thereof is often filled with groundwater.
図３に示されるように、地下空洞Ｃの充填領域Ｃａの外周部へ向けて地盤Ｇのボーリングを行う。このボーリングによって形成される注入孔１は、前述したように充填領域と非充填領域の境界線上に複数穿設され、充填領域を囲み、充填領域を閉鎖する充填材の注入孔１として使用される。 As shown in FIG. 3, the ground G is drilled toward the outer peripheral portion of the filling area Ca of the underground cavity C. As described above, a plurality of injection holes 1 formed by boring are formed on the boundary between the filled region and the non-filled region, and are used as the filler injection holes 1 surrounding the filled region and closing the filled region. .
図４に示されるように、そのボーリング孔、すなわち注入孔１を介して、前記充填領域Ｃａの外周部へ、流動性が低い端部充填材２を充填する。
端部充填材２は、水ガラス、セメント系固化材、砂キラや粘土キラ等の土質材料及び水を構成材料とし、水ガラスを含む第一の充填液と、セメント系固化材を含む第二の充填液とを、地下空洞Ｃへ送る過程で合流・混合することによってゲル化させたものである。
As shown in FIG. 4, an end filling material 2 having low fluidity is filled into the outer peripheral portion of the filling region Ca through the boring hole, that is, the injection hole 1.
The end filling material 2 is composed of water glass, a cement-based solidifying material, a soil material such as sand and clay, and water as constituent materials, a first filling liquid containing water glass, and a second filling liquid containing a cement-based solidifying material. Is gelled by being combined and mixed with the filling liquid in the process of being sent to the underground cavity C.
なお、上述した砂キラは砕石工場の砕石選別時の脱水粘土や石粉または珪砂工場の珪砂選別残渣等の土質材料で、粘土キラは砂利工場の山砂利選別時の脱水粘土よりなる土質材料である。そして、これらのキラ材は有害物質を含まず、他の土質材料に比較して安価に入手でき、ブリーディングが少なく、材料分離抵抗性に優れるため、本発明の工法において使用される充填材として極めて有用である。しかもキラ材の一部は、かつては廃棄物として河川に放流されていたものであり、河川の汚濁防止の観点で放流が禁止されて以来、有効利用が検討されて来たが、本工法は、このようなキラ材の有効利用を促進するものである。 The above-mentioned sand kira is a soil material such as dehydrated clay or stone powder at the time of crushed stone sorting at a crushed stone factory or a silica sand sorting residue at a silica sand factory. . And these killer materials do not contain harmful substances, can be obtained at a lower cost than other soil materials, have less bleeding, and have excellent resistance to material separation, so they are extremely useful as fillers used in the method of the present invention. Useful. Moreover, some of the Kira wood was once released into rivers as waste, and its effective use has been considered since its release was banned from the viewpoint of preventing pollution of rivers. It promotes the effective use of such a killer material.
また、第一の充填液に配合される水ガラスは、よく知られているように、二酸化珪素ＳＩＯ2及び酸化ナトリウムＮａ2Ｏからなるものであるが、充填領域外への充填材の流出を抑えるために、第二の充填液のセメント系固化材との反応によって瞬時にゲル化を起こし、ゲル化後は、地下空洞Ｃの天端へ密着した状態に充填されるように、適度な塑性流動特性を保持し、主な劣化要因であるＮａ2Ｏの含有量の少ないものが選択される。 Further, as is well known, the water glass contained in the first filling liquid is composed of silicon dioxide SIO 2 and sodium oxide Na 2 O. In order to suppress this, the second filling liquid reacts with the cement-based solidifying material to cause instant gelation, and after gelation, it has an appropriate plasticity so that it is filled in close contact with the top of the underground cavity C. Those that maintain the flow characteristics and have a low content of Na 2 O, which is a major deterioration factor, are selected.
第二の充填液に用いられるセメント系固化材としては、早期に固結強度を発現し、しかも地下水ＧＷへのアルカリ溶出が少ないものが望ましく、このような観点から、水ガラス中のアルカリ成分（Ｎａ2Ｏ）を消費するスラグ−セメント系固化材が好適に使用される。 As the cement-based solidifying material used for the second filling liquid, a cement-type solidifying material that expresses consolidation strength at an early stage and has a small alkali elution into the groundwater GW is desirable. A slag-cement solidifying material that consumes Na 2 O) is preferably used.
例えば、第一の混合プラントからポンプによって供給される第一の充填液と、第二の混合プラントからポンプによって供給される第二の充填液は、いずれも高い流動性を有する。したがって、これら第一及び第二の充填液は、それぞれ配管内を円滑に送られるが、混合器で合流してスタティックミキサで混合されることによって、第一の充填液における水ガラスと第二の充填液におけるセメント系固化材が反応し、地盤に設けた注入孔１から地下空洞Ｃへ送られる過程で短時間（１０秒程度）でゲル化する。 For example, both the first filling liquid supplied by the pump from the first mixing plant and the second filling liquid supplied by the pump from the second mixing plant have high fluidity. Therefore, these first and second filling liquids are respectively sent smoothly in the pipes, but are combined by the mixer and mixed by the static mixer, so that the water glass and the second glass in the first filling liquid are mixed. The cement-based solidifying material in the filling liquid reacts and gels in a short time (about 10 seconds) in the process of being sent from the injection hole 1 provided in the ground to the underground cavity C.
ゲル化した端部充填材２は、自らの重量による広がりが少なく、注入位置の近傍で地下空洞Ｃの天端に達して、この地下空洞Ｃを閉鎖するのに充分な粘度を有するものである。このため、端部充填材２を、充填領域Ｃａの外周に沿って所定間隔で地盤Ｇに設けた注入孔１から継続的に充填して行くことによって、その頂部がやがて地下空洞Ｃの天端に達し、前記充填領域Ｃａの外周を閉鎖した状態で経時的に固結して行く。 The gelled end filler 2 spreads little by its own weight, reaches the top of the underground cavity C near the injection position, and has sufficient viscosity to close the underground cavity C. . For this reason, the end filler 2 is continuously filled at predetermined intervals along the outer periphery of the filling area Ca from the injection hole 1 provided in the ground G, so that the top of the end filling material 2 eventually becomes the top of the underground cavity C. And solidifies over time with the outer periphery of the filling region Ca closed.
次に、端部充填材２の充填完了後は、これによって閉鎖された空間に、端部充填材２よりも流動性の高い中詰充填材３を中詰め充填材用注入孔５から充填する。 Next, after the filling of the end filling material 2 is completed, the filled space 3 is filled with the filling material 3 having higher fluidity than the end filling material 2 through the filling hole 5 for filling material. .
中詰充填材３も、前記の端部充填材２と同様に、水ガラス、セメント系固化材、砂キラや粘土キラ等の土質材料及び水を構成材料とし、水ガラスを含む第一の充填液と、セメント系固化材を含む第二の充填液とを、地下空洞Ｃへ送る過程で合流・混合することによってゲル化させたものであるが、水ガラス、セメント系固化材、砂キラや粘土キラ等の土質材料及び水の配合比率によって、ゲル化後の初期粘度が端部充填材２より低く（流動性が高く）調整するか、又は水ガラスを添加せずにセメント系固化剤、砂キラや粘土キラ等の土質材料及び水を構成材料とした流動性の高い１液の充填材である。 The filling material 3 is also made of water glass, a cement-based solidifying material, a soil material such as sand or clay, and water as constituent materials, and the first filling containing water glass, similarly to the end filling material 2 described above. The liquid and the second filling liquid containing the cement-based solidification material are gelled by being combined and mixed in the process of being sent to the underground cavity C. However, water glass, cement-based solidification material, sand slag, Depending on the mixing ratio of soil material such as clay killer and water, the initial viscosity after gelation is adjusted to be lower (higher fluidity) than the end filler 2, or a cement-based solidifying agent without adding water glass, It is a one-liquid filler with high fluidity that uses soil materials such as sand and clay as well as water.
このように、中詰充填材３は端部充填材２で閉鎖された空間に充填されるものであるため、必ずしも端部充填材２のようにゲル化させる必要はない。
また、この場合は圧送過程での第一及び第二の充填液の合流・混合といった手法も不要である。
As described above, since the filling material 3 is to be filled in the space closed by the end filling material 2, it is not always necessary to gel like the end filling material 2.
Further, in this case, a method of joining and mixing the first and second filling liquids in the pressure feeding process is not required.
地下空洞Ｃに放出された中詰充填材３は、端部充填材２よりも粘度が低く、高流動性であるが、その広がりは端部充填材２による隔壁で制限されるので、端部充填材２によって閉鎖された空間に、その天端まで確実に充填されていく。したがって、流動性の高い中詰充填材３の地下空洞Ｃでの広がりが端部充填材２によって阻止されるので、材料ロスを生じることなく、限定した領域の充填を確実にかつ短時間で行うことができるのである。 The filling filler 3 discharged into the underground cavity C has a lower viscosity and a higher fluidity than the end filling material 2, but its spread is restricted by the partition wall formed by the end filling material 2. The space closed by the filler 2 is reliably filled up to the top end. Therefore, the spread of the filling material 3 having high fluidity in the underground cavity C is prevented by the end portion filling material 2, so that the limited region can be filled reliably and in a short time without material loss. You can do it.
ここで、本発明による地下空洞充填工法について説明する。
本発明では、まず、２層端部限定充填工法が採用される。２層端部限定充填工法とは、端部充填材２より水ガラス添加量の少ない充填材、すなわち第２端部充填材４を使用するものである。図８に示されるように、この第２端部充填材４を注入孔１から最初に注入し、注入された第２端部充填材４の上に水ガラス添加量の多い端部充填材２を注入する充填工法である。
Here, the underground cavity filling method according to the present invention will be described.
In the present invention, first, a two-layer end portion limited filling method is adopted. The two-layer end portion limited filling method uses a filler having a smaller amount of water glass added than the end filler 2, that is, a second end filler 4. As shown in FIG. 8, the second end filler 4 is first injected from the injection hole 1, and the end filler 2 having a large amount of added water glass is placed on the injected second end filler 4. Filling method.
複数の注入孔１から最初に注入する第２端部充填材４は、水ガラス添加量が少ないことから端部充填材より流動性が高く、充填したときに地下空洞Ｃ内に充填されて形成される山状をなす側面の勾配がより緩くなる。そのため、充填された第２端部充填材４における底面側の裾野部分は広くなりやすい。 The second end filler 4 initially injected from the plurality of injection holes 1 has a higher fluidity than the end filler due to the small amount of water glass added, and is formed by being filled into the underground cavity C when filled. The slope of the mountain-shaped side surface becomes gentler. Therefore, the skirt portion on the bottom surface side of the filled second end filler 4 tends to be wide.
そこで、注入孔１から端部充填材２を注入し施工した場合の端部充填材２の前記底面側の裾野部分の広がりをあらかじめ確認しておき、この底面側の裾野部分の広がりを越えない範囲で前記第２端部充填材４の注入を止めるのである。 Therefore, beforehand, the spread of the bottom portion of the bottom portion of the end filler 2 when the end portion filler 2 is injected from the injection hole 1 and constructed is checked, and does not exceed the spread of the bottom portion of the bottom portion. The injection of the second end filler 4 is stopped within the range.
ここで、最初に注入する第２端部充填材４の底面側の裾野広がりについて、端部充填材２を最初から注入したときの端部充填材２の底面側の裾野部分の広がりを越えない範囲内との充填確認方法は、何ら限定されない。例えば、隣の注入孔１に確認棒などを差し込んでの接触確認でも構わないし、さらに超音波検出器などを使用して電気的信号を用いての電気的な確認をすることも出来る。 Here, the foot spread on the bottom side of the second end filler 4 injected first does not exceed the spread of the foot part on the bottom side of the end filler 2 when the end filler 2 is injected from the beginning. The filling confirmation method within the range is not limited at all. For example, contact confirmation may be performed by inserting a confirmation rod or the like into the adjacent injection hole 1, or electrical confirmation using an electric signal using an ultrasonic detector or the like may be performed.
そして、前記裾野部分の範囲の広がり充填確認が出来たときには、その上に水ガラス添加量が多い、すなわち流動性の低い本来の端部充填材２を注入すればよい。 Then, when it is confirmed that the range of the skirt portion is spread and filled, the original end filler 2 having a large amount of water glass added, that is, having low fluidity may be injected thereon.
すると、結果として端部充填材２の一部を水ガラス添加量の少ない第２端部充填材に置き換えた形となり、水ガラスの使用量を減少することができてコストを安価にすることができる（図１０参照）。 Then, as a result, a part of the end filler 2 is replaced with the second end filler having a small amount of added water glass, so that the amount of water glass used can be reduced and the cost can be reduced. (See FIG. 10).
次に、本発明の他の実施例につき説明する。
その実施例は、中詰先行限定充填工法と称される。図１１に示されるように、端部充填材２より安価な中詰充填材３を中詰充填材３の注入孔５から先行注入して端部充填材２の量を低減する充填工法である。
Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described.
The embodiment is referred to as a pre-filling limited filling method. As shown in FIG. 11, this is a filling method in which the filling material 3 that is less expensive than the end filling material 2 is pre-filled from the filling hole 5 of the filling material 3 to reduce the amount of the end filling material 2. .
本実施例では最初に充填対象範囲の内側、すなわち中詰充填材３の注入孔５から中詰充填材３を注入する。中詰充填材３は流動性が高く、充填されたときにその底面側の裾野部分が広がりやすい。よって、その裾野部分の広がりが境界線を越えないよう確認しておく必要がある。 In this embodiment, first, the filling filler 3 is injected from the inside of the filling target range, that is, from the injection hole 5 of the filling filler 3. The filling material 3 has a high fluidity, and when filled, the skirt portion on the bottom surface side tends to spread. Therefore, it is necessary to confirm that the spread of the foot does not exceed the boundary line.
すなわち、第１実施例と同様に、中詰充填材３を充填したときの底面側の裾野部分の広がりが、端部充填材２を端部充填材用の注入孔１より注入したときの端部充填材２の底面側の裾野部分の広がりを越えない範囲でその注入を止めるのである。 That is, similarly to the first embodiment, the expansion of the bottom side on the bottom side when the filling filler 3 is filled is different from the end when the end filling material 2 is injected from the injection hole 1 for the end filling material. The injection is stopped within a range that does not exceed the extent of the bottom portion of the bottom filler 2.
ここで、最初に注入する中詰充填材３の底面側の裾野広がりについて、端部充填材２を最初から注入したときの端部充填材２の底面部分の裾野部分の広がりを越えない充填範囲内であるとの充填確認方法は、第１実施例と同様に何ら限定されない。例えば、隣の注入孔１に確認棒などを差し込んでのいわゆる接触的確認でも構わないし、超音波検出器などを使用して電気的信号を用いて確認することでも構わない。 Here, with respect to the spread of the bottom side of the filling material 3 to be injected first, the filling range which does not exceed the spread of the bottom portion of the bottom surface of the end filling material 2 when the end filling material 2 is injected from the beginning. The method for confirming that the filling is within is not limited at all as in the first embodiment. For example, so-called contact confirmation by inserting a confirmation rod or the like into the adjacent injection hole 1 may be used, or confirmation using an electric signal using an ultrasonic detector or the like may be used.
次に図１２から理解されるように、先行注入した中詰充填材３の上に、端部充填材用注入孔１から端部充填材２を注入すれば、結果として端部充填材２の一部を中詰充填材３で置き換えた形となり、端部充填材２の使用量を減少させることが出来る。そして、それは充填作業における作業コストのコストダウンにも繋がることになる。 Next, as understood from FIG. 12, if the end filler 2 is injected from the injection hole 1 for the end filler onto the filling filler 3 previously injected, as a result, the end filler 2 is filled. A part is replaced by the filling material 3, and the usage of the end filling material 2 can be reduced. Then, it leads to a reduction in operation cost in the filling operation.
なお、図１４は、２層端部限定充填工法で第２端部充填材４を先に充填し、次いで端部充填材２を充填して隔壁を形成し、充填領域を閉鎖した状態を説明した説明図である。 FIG. 14 illustrates a state in which the second end filler 4 is first filled by the two-layer end limited filling method, then the end filler 2 is filled to form a partition wall, and the filling region is closed. FIG.
また、図１５は、中詰先行限定充填工法で中詰充填材３を先行注入し、次いで端部充填材２を注入して、隔壁を形成し、充填領域を閉鎖した状態を説明した説明図である。 FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a state in which the filling material 3 is preliminarily injected by the filling method with limited filling and then the end filling material 2 is injected to form a partition wall and close the filling region. It is.
このように本発明においても、充填領域と非充填領域との境界線上を完全に閉鎖することができ、非充填領域に充填材が漏れ出さず、決められた充填範囲のみの充填が行える。しかも、従来の工法に比較して大幅に作業コストが低廉化できる利点がある。 As described above, also in the present invention, the boundary between the filling region and the non-filling region can be completely closed, and the filler does not leak into the non-filling region, and only the predetermined filling range can be filled. In addition, there is an advantage that the operation cost can be significantly reduced as compared with the conventional method.
前述したように、近年では、空洞充填工事のほとんどが事業範囲となる充填領域の外側空洞には、充填材が流出することを極力防止しなければならず、そのことが地下空洞充填作業の前提となっている。しかし、前記したように充填領域と非充填領域を確実に分けて充填作業を行うことは、作業コストの高額化につながる。本発明はその課題を完全に解決することができたものであり、今後、本発明の充填工法は幅広く採用されると予想されるものである。
As mentioned earlier, in recent years, it has been necessary to minimize the flow of filler into the outer cavities outside the filling area, where most of the cavities filling work is within the business scope. It has become. However, as described above, performing the filling operation with the filling area and the non-filling area reliably separated leads to an increase in operation cost. The present invention has completely solved the problem, and it is expected that the filling method of the present invention will be widely adopted in the future.
１ 注入孔
２ 端部充填材
３ 中詰充填材
４ 第２端部充填材
５ 中詰め充填材用注入孔
６ 残柱
Ｃ 地下空洞
Ｃａ 充填領域
Ｇ 地盤
ＧＷ 地下水
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Injection hole 2 End filling material 3 Filling material 4 Second end filling material 5 Filling hole for filling material 6 Remaining column C Underground cavity Ca Filling area G Ground GW Groundwater
Claims (4)
前記端部充填材よりコストが安価で流動性の高いゲル状の第２端部充填材を用意し、前記第２端部充填材を複数の注入孔から充填した後に端部充填材を充填した、
ことを特徴とする地下空洞充填工法。
This is a filling method that fills underground cavities only within a predetermined area, in which a plurality of injection holes are formed along the boundary between the filling area and the non-filling area, and the filling is performed from the injection hole. Injecting a gel-like end filler having a lower fluidity than the material to form a partition surrounding the filling region, and filling the filling region surrounded by the partition with a higher fluidity than the end filler in the filling region. An underground cavity filling method of filling with filler,
A gel-like second end filler having a lower flowability and a higher fluidity than the end filler was prepared, and the second end filler was filled from a plurality of injection holes and then filled with the end filler. ,
Underground cavity filling method characterized by the following.
ことを特徴とする請求項１記載の地下空洞充填工法。
Completion confirmation of the filling of the second end filler is confirmed by a skirt spread substantially equal to a skirt spread when the partition wall is formed by filling only the end filler.
The underground cavity filling method according to claim 1, wherein:
前記中詰充填材を前記充填領域の略中心位置から充填し、該中詰充填材の充填終了を、前記端部充填材の充填で前記隔壁形成したときの裾部広がりと略同等の裾部広がりが確認できたときに行い、
その後、前記複数の注入孔から前記端部充填材を注入して前記決定された充填領域を囲む隔壁を形成し、
次いで、前記中詰充填材を前記充填領域の略中心位置から充填する、
ことを特徴とする地下空洞充填工法。
This is a filling method that fills underground cavities only within a predetermined area, in which a plurality of injection holes are formed along the boundary between the filling area and the non-filling area, and the filling is performed from the injection hole. Filling a gel-like end filling material having a lower fluidity than the material to form a partition surrounding the filling region, and filling the filling region surrounded by the partition with a filling material having a higher fluidity than the end filling material. An underground cavity filling method for filling a material from a substantially central position of the filling region,
Filling the filling material from a substantially central position of the filling region, and completing filling of the filling material with a hem portion substantially equal to a skirt portion when the partition wall is formed by filling the end filling material. Perform when the spread is confirmed,
Thereafter, forming the partition wall surrounding the determined filling region by injecting the end filler from the plurality of injection holes,
Next, filling the filling material from a substantially central position of the filling region,
Underground cavity filling method characterized by the following.
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| JP2003293691A (en) * | 2002-03-29 | 2003-10-15 | Sumitomo Osaka Cement Co Ltd | Limited filling method for hollow part |
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