JP6632897B2 - Disaster prevention system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention includes fire, intrusion, water leak detection means for detecting a fire, intrusion, water leak in a building such as a building, a house, a factory, a smart house, and a data center and issuing an alarm, and lighting means for illuminating a monitored area. And a communication system for displaying information in a monitored area and controlling devices.

  As a means of detecting fire, intrusion, and water leakage in buildings such as buildings, houses, factories, smart houses, and data centers, for example, in the case of fire detection, a smoke detector or a heat detector is used to detect a fire (Patent References 1 and 2) In addition, in detection of intrusion, an illegal intrusion is detected by an infrared beam detector or a human sensor (Patent Document 3). In water leak detection, a pair of detection electrodes is used. There is a detecting means for detecting water leakage by immersing due to water leakage and short-circuiting a pair of detection electrodes (Patent Document 4).

  Further, as lighting means, there is a means for arranging an illuminator at a place to be illuminated and wiring a power supply wire to illuminate. As a communication means, there is a means of wiring an optical fiber in a home LAN system or a business LAN to form an optical LAN.

  Since these detection means and lighting means are in charge of disaster prevention by separate devices and do not have a common configuration, integrating the functions to detect fire, intrusion, and water leakage, including lighting and communication, requires complicated equipment and installation It is considered difficult in terms of work and management, and there is no disaster prevention system that integrates these functions.

JP-A-59-132094 JP-A-2002-133550 JP 2006-99501 A JP 2009-175811 A

  As described above, conventionally, there has been no disaster prevention system integrating functions for detecting fire, intrusion, and water leakage, including lighting and communication. Therefore, in order to provide a fire protection system that detects fire, intrusion, and water leakage including lighting in one building, each detection system must be separately laid, and a system that integrates these detection systems and issues a notification Therefore, there is a problem that the notification system must be individually constructed, the configuration is complicated, the laying work is complicated, the occupied area of the system is large, and the effective area is small.

  As a result of repeated studies to solve such a problem, the present inventors focused on the function of the optical fiber. As a detecting means using the function of the optical fiber, for example, the backscattered light is received, the temperature is calculated based on the Raman scattered light intensity changed by the heat applied to the optical fiber, the temperature is detected, and the Raman scattered light is detected at the incident end. There is known an optical fiber type distributed temperature sensor which specifies the temperature and the position of an optical fiber by measuring the time until the optical fiber returns to a position by an OTDR (Optical Time Domain Reflect-meter) technique (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-1995). 167717), it is possible to detect a fire by detecting an increase in the temperature of the optical fiber due to the heat of the fire.

  In addition, the temperature is measured based on the intensity of the Brillouin scattered light in the optical fiber, the position in the optical fiber is specified from the time until the back scattered light returns to the incident end, and the light is further shifted by shifting the frequency of the Brillouin scattered light. It is known that, while detecting the distortion of the optical fiber caused by touching the fiber, the location where the distortion has occurred can be specified from the time until the Brillouin scattered light returns to the incident end (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-248426). .

  In addition, an optical fiber is laid in a loop, an optical branching / coupling element is connected to an end of the optical fiber, and light emitted from the light source is propagated clockwise and counterclockwise to the end of the optical fiber. It is known that the difference between the delay times can be detected as a phase displacement (optical fiber ring interference type) to detect the vibration of the optical fiber and to specify the place where the vibration has occurred (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-46564). As an intruder detection device using this function, an intruder detection device using an optical fiber ring interference type sensor that detects the vibration and the vibration position of the optical fiber from a change in the intensity of the interference light in the optical fiber and detects intrusion ( JP-A-2005-345137).

  In addition, an expandable or shrinkable polymer-based water-absorbing material is provided in the optical fiber to receive the return of the Brillouin scattered light, and a change in the frequency of the Brillouin scattered light causes the expanded or contracted polymer-based water-absorbing material to absorb water. It is known that the location where the distortion has occurred can be identified by measuring the time until the Brillouin scattered light returns to the incident end (B-OTDR), while detecting the distortion in the optical fiber. -45226 gazette).

  In addition, an expandable pressing member is provided on the optical fiber to receive the return of Rayleigh scattered light, and the change in the amount of return of the Rayleigh scattered light causes an increase in transmission loss due to distortion of the optical fiber due to expansion of the pressed member that has absorbed water. It is known that the location where the distortion has occurred can be specified by detecting the occurrence of the distortion and measuring the time until the Rayleigh scattered light returns to the incident end (OTDR) (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-45218). Gazette).

  Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 3-68825 discloses an OTDR for detecting the strain applied to an optical fiber due to Rayleigh scattering from the loss of the optical fiber. As for the OTDR, a C-OTDR (Coherent-Optical Time Domain Reflectometer) for heterodyne reception of Rayleigh scattering to improve sensitivity and a B-OTDR (Brillouin Optical Time Domain Reflectometer) for Brillouin scattering phenomenon due to distortion of an optical fiber are disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open (JP-A) no. It is disclosed in JP 2011-17652.

  As for illumination, there is known an illuminating means for irradiating light to an optical fiber and irradiating the light from an illuminator provided at an end (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-71870). As for communication, a communication means for providing an O / E converter in a home LAN and transmitting and receiving data as an optical LAN using an optical fiber is known (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-37560). The present inventor has completed the present invention by bundling the optical fibers and performing the operation with one wire for such an optical fiber function.

  An object of the present invention is to integrate a function of detecting fire, intrusion, and water leakage including lighting and communication with a single wire, thereby facilitating laying work such as wiring to a building and improving the system. An object of the present invention is to provide a disaster prevention system that can be simplified, downsized, and save space.

(1) In order to achieve the above object, the disaster prevention system according to the present invention includes at least one detection optical fiber cable for detecting temperature, intrusion, and water leakage due to a fire, and illumination light for illuminating a monitored area. A wire bundled with a fiber cable and a communication optical fiber cable, the wire being laid at a predetermined place to be monitored, and a disaster prevention receiver connected to the detection optical fiber cable; The apparatus is connected to the detection optical fiber cable and detects a temperature caused by a fire, a fire detection unit, an intrusion detection unit that detects an intrusion, a water leakage detection unit that detects a water leak, the fire detection unit, the intrusion detection unit, An alarm generating means for receiving an abnormal signal detected by the water leakage detecting means and issuing an alarm, and notifying the contents of the abnormality and the location of the abnormality according to the abnormal signal to the outside. That has a notification means has information control unit to be connected to the communication optical fiber cable, and a communication line.

  According to the disaster prevention system of (1) above, fire, intrusion, and water leakage can be detected with a single wire, and a predetermined location can be illuminated and predetermined information can be communicated. In addition to facilitating the work, the system can be simplified, miniaturized, and space-saving, and the fire detection means, the intrusion detection means, Upon receiving the abnormal signal detected by the water leakage detecting means, the alarm generating means issues an alarm, and the notifying means notifies the contents of the abnormality and the location of the abnormality according to the abnormal signal to the outside, so that prompt disaster prevention activities can be performed. In addition, since the state of the monitored area can be easily checked by irradiating light to the optical fiber core of the optical fiber cable for lighting, quick disaster prevention activities can be performed.

(2) Preferably, in the disaster prevention system of the above (1), the lighting optical fiber cable is constituted by a plurality of optical fiber cores, and connects each optical fiber core with a light source unit; When receiving the abnormal signal detected by the intrusion detecting means and the water leak detecting means, the light amount of the light source unit of the optical fiber core of the optical fiber cable for illumination arranged in the monitoring area where the abnormality has occurred is controlled. It is good to have a control part which has a function.

  According to the disaster prevention system of (2) above, when an abnormal signal detected by the fire detecting means, the intrusion detecting means, or the water leakage detecting means is received, the lighting disposed in a monitoring area at a location where the abnormal signal is received. The light amount of the light source of the optical fiber cable of the optical fiber cable for the optical fiber cable is controlled, and the monitoring area is clearly illuminated, so if a monitoring camera is provided in the monitoring area, an abnormal state can be immediately confirmed, Disaster prevention activities can be carried out more quickly and effectively.

(3) Preferably, in the disaster prevention system according to the above (1) or (2), the communication optical fiber cable distributes information from the disaster prevention receiver via the information control unit, and The optical fiber cable distributes external information obtained through the communication line connected to the disaster prevention receiver via the information control unit, and is connected to the opposite end of the disaster prevention receiver to which the communication optical fiber cable is connected. And / or a controller for controlling a predetermined device.

  According to the disaster prevention system of (3) above, predetermined information can be distributed and displayed by the communication optical fiber cable via the information control unit, and a predetermined device can be controlled by a controller in accordance with the predetermined information. it can. For example, when an abnormal signal detected by the fire detecting means, the intrusion detecting means, and the water leak detecting means is received, information of a monitoring camera arranged in a monitoring area where the abnormal signal is received via the information control unit. Can be delivered to the outside, and an abnormal state can be immediately confirmed. In addition, an air conditioner, a lighting device, a smoke exhaust device, and the like can be controlled by a controller connected to the communication optical fiber cable via the information control unit by information from the outside, thereby achieving a quicker and more effective operation. Disaster prevention activities become possible.

(4) Preferably, in the disaster prevention system according to any one of the above (1) to (3), the detection optical fiber cable may be constituted by one optical fiber cable.

  According to the disaster prevention system of (4), laying work such as wiring to a building can be further facilitated, and the system can be further simplified, downsized, and space-saving.

(5) Preferably, in the disaster prevention system according to any one of the above (1) to (3), the detection optical fiber cable includes an optical fiber cable for detecting a temperature due to a fire and an optical fiber cable for detecting intrusion and water leakage. A fiber cable is bundled with the wire to form a single wire, the fire detecting means is connected to an optical fiber cable for detecting a temperature due to a fire, and the fire detecting means is connected to an optical fiber cable for detecting intrusion and water leakage. It is preferable that the water leak detecting means is connected.

  According to the disaster prevention system of the above (5), the detection optical fiber cable includes an optical fiber cable for detecting a temperature due to a fire and an optical fiber cable for detecting intrusion and water leakage, which are bundled with the wire to be one. The fire detecting means is connected to an optical fiber cable for detecting a temperature due to a fire, and the intrusion detecting means and the water leak detecting means are connected to an optical fiber cable for detecting intrusion and water leakage. In addition to facilitating installation work such as wiring to buildings, simplifying the system, miniaturizing and saving space, it can detect fire, intrusion, and water leakage with high resolution and high accuracy.

(6) Preferably, in the disaster prevention system according to any one of the above (1) to (3), the detection optical fiber cable includes a plurality of optical fiber cables for detecting temperature, intrusion, and water leakage due to fire, respectively. The fire detection means, the intrusion detection means, and the water leak detection means are separately connected to an optical fiber cable for detecting the temperature, intrusion, and water leakage due to a fire, respectively, bundled with a wire. Good.

  According to the disaster prevention system of the above (6), the optical fiber cable for detection is constituted by a plurality of optical fiber cables for detecting each of temperature, intrusion, and water leakage due to a fire bundled with the wire, The fire detection means, the intrusion detection means, and the water leakage detection means are separately connected to the optical fiber cable for detecting the temperature, intrusion, and water leakage due to the fire, respectively. In addition to facilitation, simplification of the system, miniaturization, and space saving, fire, intrusion, and water leakage can be detected with higher resolution and higher accuracy.

(7) Preferably, in the disaster prevention system according to any one of the above (1) to (4), the fire detection means, the intrusion detection means, and the water leakage detection means included in the disaster prevention receiver are one set of Brillouin scattering detection It is preferable to use Brillouin scattering for the detection method.

  According to the disaster prevention system of (7), the fire detection unit, the intrusion detection unit, and the water leakage detection unit included in the disaster prevention receiver all use Brillouin scattering for the detection method. The intrusion detecting means and the water leak detecting means can be configured as one detecting means, whereby the installation is simplified, further space saving and downsizing of the disaster prevention receiver can be achieved.

(8) Preferably, in the disaster prevention system according to any one of the above (1) to (6), the fire detection means included in the disaster prevention receiver uses Raman scattering for a detection method, and the intrusion detection means and The water leak detection means may use Rayleigh scattering for a detection method.

  According to the disaster prevention system of (8), the occurrence and location of fire can be detected quickly and with higher resolution, and the occurrence and location of intrusion and water leakage can be detected with higher resolution.

(9) Preferably, in the disaster prevention system according to any one of the above (1) to (6), the fire detection means included in the disaster prevention receiver uses Raman scattering for a detection method, and the intrusion detection means includes: The optical fiber ring interference type is used for the detection method, and the water leakage detection means preferably uses Rayleigh scattering for the detection method.

  According to the disaster prevention system of (9), the occurrence and location of the fire can be detected quickly and with higher resolution, the intrusion can be detected quickly and with higher resolution, and the occurrence and location of the water leakage Can be detected with higher resolution.

(10) Preferably, in the disaster prevention system according to any one of (1) to (9), the wires may be laid on a predetermined floor to be detected.

  According to the disaster prevention system of the above (10), the occurrence and location of the fire can be quickly detected, the intrusion can be quickly detected, and the occurrence and location of the water leakage can be detected more quickly.

  The disaster prevention system according to the present invention integrates the functions of detecting fire, intrusion, and water leakage, including lighting, with a single wire, thereby facilitating laying work such as wiring to a building and simplifying the system. Size, size, and space can be saved.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a first embodiment of the disaster prevention system according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of the optical fiber cable for detection shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line AA of the optical fiber cable for detection shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a second embodiment of the disaster prevention system according to the present invention. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a third embodiment of the disaster prevention system according to the present invention. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the disaster prevention system according to the present invention. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example in which the disaster prevention system according to the present invention is installed in a building.

  Hereinafter, first to fourth embodiments of the disaster prevention system according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. First, an overall configuration common to each embodiment will be described, and then each of the first to fourth embodiments will be described.

<Common overall configuration>
As shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 4, FIG. 5, and FIG. 6, the disaster prevention system according to the present embodiment includes one detection optical fiber cable 1 for detecting temperature, intrusion, and water leakage due to a fire, and a monitoring area. A single wire 3 bundled with an illumination optical fiber cable 2 for illuminating the device, a communication optical fiber cable 21 for distributing information to a monitoring area, and a disaster prevention receiver 4 connected to the detection optical fiber cable 1. I have.

  The disaster prevention receiver 4 is connected to at least one optical fiber cable of the optical fiber cable for detection 1 and detects fire due to a fire, a fire detecting means 6, an intrusion detecting means 7 for detecting intrusion, and a water leak detection for detecting water leakage. Means 8, a fire detecting means 6, an intrusion detecting means 7, an alarm generating means 9 for receiving an abnormal signal detected by the water leak detecting means 8 and issuing an alarm, and externally informing the contents of the abnormality and the location of the abnormality according to the abnormal signal. Notification means 10 for performing

  The fire detecting means 6 provided in the disaster prevention receiver 4 receives the backscattered light from the optical fiber cable of the optical fiber cable 1 for detection, and the intensity of the backscattered light changed by the heat of the fire applied to the optical fiber cable. A temperature detector having a function of measuring the temperature to detect the heat, and specifying the location from the portion of the optical fiber cable to which the heat is applied from the time until the backscattered light returns to the incident end is used. The temperature detector sets, for example, a threshold temperature to be an abnormal temperature in a range of 40 ° C. to 100 ° C. If the measured temperature rises to the abnormal temperature in a short time, it is determined that a fire has occurred, and the detected optical fiber cable Identify the location from the location. In the method of detecting backscattered light in the fire detecting means 6, anti-Stoke light of Brillouin scattering or Raman scattering is used.

  Also, the method of judging a fire is not the time when the temperature rises, but the temperature is detected at each point in the room where the optical fiber cable 1 for detection is laid, the average temperature is calculated, and the difference between the average temperature and the temperature is calculated. And the abnormal temperature and the location may be detected. In addition, the location where the temperature in the room where the detection optical fiber cable 1 is laid is detected is specified. For example, the temperature of the detection optical fiber cable in the terminator is set as the temperature in the room, and the temperature difference between the temperature and the temperature is detected. May be detected. Thus, even in the case of a fire in which the temperature gradually increases, the fire can be detected quickly.

  Further, the intrusion detecting means 7 receives the backscattered light from the optical fiber cable of the detection optical fiber cable 1 and changes the intensity or the frequency of the backscattered light to cause distortion in the optical fiber cable caused by touching the optical fiber cable. An intrusion detector having a function of detecting and measuring the time required for the backscattered light to return to the incident end to specify the location where the distortion has occurred is used. When detecting the distortion of the optical fiber due to the weight on the floor when the intruder walks, the intrusion detector determines that there is intrusion, and specifies the location from the detected optical fiber cable. In the method of detecting the backscattered light in the intrusion detection means 7, a Brillouin frequency shift amount due to Brillouin scattering and a reduction in transmission loss due to distortion of the backscattered light intensity due to Rayleigh scattering are used.

  Further, as the intrusion detecting means 7, an optical fiber cable of the detecting optical fiber cable 1 is laid in a loop, an optical branching / coupling element is connected to the optical fiber cable, and the light emitted from the light source is clockwise turned to the optical fiber cable. And propagate counterclockwise, detect the difference in the delay time of the propagated light as a phase change (optical fiber ring interference type), detect the vibration of the optical fiber cable, and when the vibration is detected, determine that there is intrusion, An intrusion detector using an optical fiber ring interference type as a detection method for specifying a detected location can be used.

  The water leak detecting means 8 is provided with an expandable or contractible polymer-based water-absorbing material inside the outer coating covering the optical fiber cable constituting the optical fiber cable 1 for detection. The backscattered light is received, and a change in the intensity or frequency of the backscattered light detects a strain in the optical fiber cable due to expansion or contraction of the polymer-absorbing material that has absorbed water, and the backscattered light returns to the incident end. A water leak detector having a function of specifying a portion where distortion has occurred from the time required to come is used. When the distortion is detected, the water leak detector determines that there is water leak, and specifies the location from the detected optical fiber cable. In the method of detecting backscattered light in the water leakage detection means 8, a reduction in transmission loss due to a Brillouin frequency shift amount due to Brillouin scattering and a reduction in backscattered light intensity due to Rayleigh scattering are used.

  The distinction between intrusion and water leakage detected by the strain of the optical fiber cable is determined by the length of time during which the strain is applied. In the case of intrusion, distortion does not occur for a long time at the same location due to the intruder's walking, etc., and the amount of distortion, that is, the reduction of transmission loss, fluctuates in a short time. Can be distinguished from each other because distortion occurs.

  Further, the detection optical fiber cable 1 may be a single optical fiber cable, or a plurality of optical fiber cables for detecting fire temperature, intrusion, and water leakage are prepared and bundled into one to form a wire. Is also good. When the detection optical fiber cable 1 is composed of one optical fiber cable, the fire detection means 6, the intrusion detection means 7, and the water leakage detection means 8 connected to the detection optical fiber cable 1 are optical path splitters (not shown). ) May be connected to one optical fiber cable. When the detection optical fiber cable 1 is composed of two optical fiber cables, the fire detection means 6 is connected to one detection optical fiber cable 1 and the other detection optical fiber cable 1 is connected to the other detection optical fiber cable 1. The intrusion detecting means 7 and the water leak detecting means 8 may be connected via an optical path splitter (not shown). When the detection optical fiber cable 1 is composed of a plurality of optical fiber cables for separately detecting temperature, intrusion, and water leakage due to fire, fire detection means 6, intrusion detection means 7, and water leakage detection means 8 are provided for each of the optical fiber cables. Are connected individually.

  Further, even when the detection optical fiber cable 1 is composed of a single optical fiber cable, when the Brillouin scattering detection means is used, the Brillouin scattering detection means includes the fire detection means 6, the intrusion detection means 7, and the water leakage detection means 8 Since they also serve as the Brillouin scattering detection means, they may be connected to one optical fiber cable.

  The above-mentioned optical fiber cable for detection 1 is preferably a single mode fiber in order to improve the sensitivity of detection and the accuracy of specifying the position of the detection point. The wire may have a tension member to obtain a tensile strength, and may be coated with an outer layer so as not to significantly reduce the detection accuracy. Further, the detection optical fiber cable 1 itself may have a tension member as needed.

  Further, the alarm generating means 9 of the disaster prevention receiver 4 is connected to the alarm device 12 by the wiring 11 and when receiving an abnormal signal detected by the fire detecting means 6, the intrusion detecting means 7 and the water leak detecting means 8, the alarm device 12 is turned on. Instructs to generate an alarm.

  The notification means 10 of the disaster prevention receiver 4 for notifying the details of the abnormality and the location where the abnormality has occurred to the outside is connected via a communication line 13 to a related station such as a security guard room, a fire station, a police station, etc., and receives an abnormal signal. When this occurs, the contents of the abnormality and the information on the abnormal location are notified to the relevant section according to the abnormal signal. In this example, the notification to the outside by the notification means 10 is performed via the communication line 13, but may be performed wirelessly.

  Further, in this example, the illumination optical fiber cable 2 bundled with the wire 3 is configured by a bundle of a plurality of optical fiber cores 2a according to the number of illumination locations. In the light source unit 14 that makes light incident on the optical fiber core 2a, the light can be separately incident on each optical fiber core 2a, and the amount of light of each can be controlled ON / OFF, increase / decrease, blinking, and the like.

  Further, the light source section 14 of each optical fiber core 2a and the fire detecting means 6, intrusion detecting means 7, and water leak detecting means 8 of the disaster prevention receiver 4 are connected by wiring in the panel, and the fire detecting means 6, intrusion detection When the abnormality signal detected by the means 7 and the water leakage detection means 8 is received, the light amount of each of the light sources 14 of the optical fiber cores 2a in the optical fiber cable 2 for illumination arranged in the monitoring area where the abnormality has occurred is detected. A control unit 16 having a control function is provided. There are various methods for controlling the amount of light of each light source section 14, such as changing the lighting state from OFF to ON, blinking the light repeatedly between ON and OFF, and changing the state of the security light from a dark state to a bright lighting state. A control method may be used.

  In this example, the communication optical fiber cable 2 bundled with the wire 3 distributes information from the disaster prevention receiver via the information control unit 15 and transmits predetermined information to an information display terminal in the monitored area. The controller displays the information and controls a predetermined device in the monitored area according to information such as an instruction from the disaster prevention receiver via the information control unit. In addition, information from the outside may be reflected on the information display terminal via the information control unit via the communication line 13 connected to the disaster prevention receiver, and may be controlled via the information control unit based on information such as an external instruction. A predetermined device connected to the device may be controlled. Further, a telephone or the like connected to the controller may communicate with the information control unit of the disaster prevention receiver via the communication line 13 with the outside, and the information terminal connected to the controller may transmit the information of the disaster prevention receiver. Information may be exchanged with the outside via the control unit and the communication line 13.

  For example, an abnormal signal detected by the fire detecting means, the intrusion detecting means, and the water leakage detecting means is received, and information of a monitoring camera arranged in a monitoring area where the abnormal signal is received is transmitted to the outside via an information control unit. Distribute and immediately check the abnormal state and perform disaster prevention activities. In addition, an air conditioner, a lighting device, a smoke exhaust device, and the like can be controlled through a controller connected to the communication optical fiber cable through an information control unit by information such as an instruction from the outside. And effective disaster prevention activities are possible.

  For use in smart houses and the like, not only the above-described measures for disaster prevention, but also home electric appliances connected to the communication line 13 via the Internet (not shown) and connected to the controller via the information control unit, For example, air conditioners, televisions, radios, audios, washing machines, dryers, microwave ovens, refrigerators, IH cookers, water heaters, floor heaters, game machines, web cameras, fuel cells, fuel cell combine water heaters, and solar cells , A sprinkler or the like may be controlled.

  In the construction of the disaster prevention system provided with the fire, intrusion, water leak detection and lighting and communication means configured as described above, the disaster prevention receiver 4 is connected to a building such as a building, a house, a factory, a smart house, and a data center. The wire 3 bundled with the optical fiber cable 1 for detection, the optical fiber cable 2 for illumination, and the optical fiber cable 21 for communication is placed in a monitoring area inside or outside the building in a uniform and one-stroke form. Lay it. For example, it is laid in a passage, a room, or the like that needs to be monitored following an entrance of a building so as to be laid on a floor, a wall, a ceiling, or the like according to the content of the monitoring.

  At this time, the wire 3 may be provided in a meandering manner so as to be densely wired with respect to the passage so that the detection of the wire 3 is performed promptly and the detection portion is accurately specified with high resolution. When laying the wire 3, it is more preferable to lay and lay the wire 3 on a floor or a passage in order to sense vibration and distortion of the floor caused by walking of an intruder. When laying wires under the surface layer of the flooring material, by laying them so as to be fixed to the surface layer, vibrations and distortions of the intruder can be sensed with high sensitivity. Note that a portion that is not fixed to the surface layer may be provided so that stress on the surface layer due to a temperature change is not transmitted to the wire 3.

  Further, from the optical fiber cable 2 for illumination, an optical fiber core wire 2a is cut and arranged for each monitoring area requiring illumination. A terminator 19 is attached to the tip of the detection optical fiber cable 1, and an illuminator 20 is attached to the tip of the optical fiber core 2 a cut from the illumination optical fiber cable 2.

  The alarm 12 connected to the alarm generating means 9 does not need to be installed in a building, and may be installed in a place away from the building, for example, in a guard room.

  FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example in which the disaster prevention system according to the present invention is installed on a building 28. In this example, the disaster prevention receiver 4 and the alarm 12 are installed at appropriate places in the building 28. From the entrance 29 of the building 28 into the interior, a passage 30 required for monitoring continues. In this passage 30, a wire 3 in which the detection optical fiber cable 1, the illumination optical fiber cable 2 (2a), and the communication optical fiber cable 21 are bundled is laid. The wires 3 are evenly and densely wired, and meander in a one-stroke shape along the passage 30. An optical fiber core 2a is cut from the optical fiber cable 2 for illumination. The optical fiber cores 2a are wired in each of the monitored areas requiring illumination. An illuminator 20 is attached to the tip of the optical fiber core 2a. The illuminator 20 is installed on a wall 31. Further, a predetermined information display terminal 17 and a controller 18 are connected to the communication optical fiber cable 21. The information display terminal 17 displays information provided from the communication optical fiber cable 21. Predetermined devices such as a room light 32, an air conditioner 33, a telephone 34, an information terminal 35, and a monitoring camera 36 are connected to the controller 18, for example. The telephone 34 and the information terminal 35 can communicate with the outside via the controller 18.

  The disaster prevention system configured as described above is capable of causing a fire in a monitoring area inside or outside a building where a wire 3 bundled with a detection optical fiber cable 1, an illumination optical fiber cable 2, and a communication optical fiber cable is laid. When a fire occurs, the fire detecting means 6 that has received the backscattered light from the optical fiber cable of the detection optical fiber cable 1 measures the temperature, detects the temperature determined to be a fire, and specifies the detected location. Detects a fire and a fire spot and sends an abnormal signal to the alarm generating means 9 and the notifying means 10. The alarm generating means 9 which has received the abnormal signal instructs the alarm device 12 to generate an alarm, and the notifying means 10 Report the fire and the fire spot to a security department, fire department, or other relevant office.

  When receiving the abnormal signal detected by the fire detecting means 6, the control unit 16 controls the light source unit 14 of each optical fiber core 2a in the optical fiber cable 2 for illumination arranged in the monitoring area where the fire has occurred. In the monitoring area, predetermined lighting is performed. In addition, predetermined information is displayed on an information display terminal connected to the communication optical fiber cable 21 via the information control unit, and a predetermined device connected to the controller is controlled. For example, in the case of a fire, a smoke exhaust device connected to the controller is operated, and the status of the fire is confirmed by a monitoring camera.

  Also, when there is an intrusion, the intrusion detecting means 7 which has received the backscattered light from the optical fiber cable of the detection optical fiber cable 1 detects the distortion and specifies the place where the distortion has occurred. The location is detected and an abnormal signal is transmitted to the alarm generating means 9 and the notifying means 10. The alarm generating means 9 which has received the abnormal signal instructs the alarm device 12 to generate an alarm, and the notifying means 10 is provided outside the guard room. Inform the police and other relevant offices of the intrusion and the location of the intrusion.

  When receiving the abnormal signal detected by the intrusion detection means 7, the control unit 16 controls the light source unit 14 of the optical fiber core 2a in the illumination optical fiber cable 2 arranged in the monitoring area where the intrusion has occurred, A predetermined illumination is provided in the monitoring area. Further, the image of the monitoring camera in the monitoring area is transmitted via the communication optical fiber cable 21.

  In the case of detecting an intrusion and issuing an alarm, the disaster prevention receiver determines that an intrusion has occurred during a time period when no one enters or an authorized person does not enter, and instructs the alarm device 12 to generate an alarm. The notifying unit 10 notifies a related part connected by the communication line 13.

  If there is water leakage, the water leakage detecting means 8 that has received the backscattered light from the optical fiber cable of the detection optical fiber cable 1 detects the distortion and specifies the location where the distortion has occurred, thereby causing the water leakage and the water leakage. The location is detected and an abnormal signal is transmitted to the alarm generating means 9 and the notifying means 10. The alarm generating means 9 which has received the abnormal signal instructs the alarm device 12 to generate an alarm, and the notifying means 10 is provided outside the guard room. Notify the relevant departments such as those of the leakage and the location of the leakage.

  Then, when receiving the abnormal signal detected by the water leak detecting means 8, the control unit 16 controls the light source unit 14 of the optical fiber core 2a in the optical fiber cable 2 for illumination arranged in the monitoring area where the water leak has occurred, A predetermined illumination is provided in the monitoring area. Further, the image of the monitoring camera in the monitoring area is transmitted via the communication optical fiber cable 21.

  As described above, according to the disaster prevention system including the fire, intrusion, and water leak detection and the illumination and communication means, the fire, intrusion, and water leak can be reliably detected, and the fire detection means 6, the intrusion detection means 7, and the water leakage detection means 8 are provided. In response to the abnormal signal detected in step 1, the alarm generating means 9 instructs the alarm device 12 to generate an alarm, and the notifying means 10 notifies the contents of the abnormality and the location of the abnormality to the outside. Activities become possible. At this time, by photographing the location of the abnormality with a surveillance camera (not shown) and monitoring it in the security guard room, the situation of the location of the abnormality can be quickly confirmed, and necessary disaster prevention measures can be taken promptly. In the case of false alarm, the alarm can be canceled. In the case of a false report, the disaster prevention receiver can be restored via the communication line 13.

  In addition, since the optical fiber cable 2 for illumination and the optical fiber cable 21 for communication are bundled with the optical fiber cable 1 for detection to form one wire 3, laying work such as wiring to a building is facilitated. The system can be simplified, downsized, and space-saving.

  Next, first to fourth embodiments of the disaster prevention system according to the present invention will be described.

<First embodiment>
FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a disaster prevention system according to the present invention. In the first embodiment, the optical fiber cable 2 for illumination and the optical fiber cable 21 for communication are bundled with the optical fiber cable 1 for detection to form one wire 3. In the first embodiment, the detection optical fiber cable 1 is composed of one optical fiber cable 1a for detecting temperature, intrusion, and water leakage due to a fire, and the fire detection means 6 and the intrusion detection means included in the disaster prevention receiver 4 are provided. 7. Connected to water leak detection means 8.

  In the first embodiment, a Brillouin scattering detection unit 5 which is a detection method using Brillouin scattering having a fire detection unit 6, an intrusion detection unit 7, and a water leakage detection unit 8 is used. A tension member (not shown) is disposed on the wire 3.

  The fire detection measures the temperature by detecting the backscattered light intensity of Brillouin scattering to detect a fire, and the intrusion detection measures the Brillouin frequency shift amount to detect distortion and detect when an intruder steps on a wire. The intrusion is detected from the strain of the optical fiber cable, and the water leak detection measures the Brillouin frequency shift amount to detect the strain, and water penetrates into the optical fiber cable for detection and the absorbing material is deformed by the internal stress of the optical fiber Detect water leakage from distortion.

  In the optical fiber cable 1 for detection, in the first embodiment, a cross section of the inside of the water-permeable outer coating 22 that covers the optical fiber cable 1a for detection constituting the optical fiber cable 1 for detection is used. A polymer-based water-absorbing material 23 that expands or contracts by absorbing water is arranged in a part of the circumferential direction of the optical fiber cable 1a in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber cable 1a (see FIGS. 2 and 3).

  In the cross section of the optical fiber cable 1a, a polymer-based water-absorbing material 23 that swells with water from the central axis toward the outer coating 22 is disposed, and 30% or more and 70% or less of the cross-sectional area is the remaining polymer-based water-absorbing material 23. A member 25 whose cross-sectional area does not swell or shrink due to water is provided so as to extend in the longitudinal direction to generate a force to bend the optical fiber cable 1a by absorbing water, to apply a bending stress to the optical fiber cable 1a and to apply a strain to the optical fiber cable 1a. Leakage is detected by increasing or increasing transmission loss of the optical fiber cable 1a due to bending.

  Further, inside the outer coating 22, an undeformed member 24 is intermittently arranged in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber cable 1a at an axially symmetric position of the polymer-based water-absorbing material 23 to generate more strain and bending. To increase the detection sensitivity. The detection optical fiber cable 1a of the first embodiment is structurally the same as the optical fiber cable 1c for detecting intrusion and water leakage, and the optical fiber cable 1e for detecting water leakage.

  In this example, the optical fiber cable for illumination 2 is composed of a bundle of a plurality of optical fiber cores 2a in accordance with the number of illuminating points, and is provided at a light source unit 14 for entering light into the optical fiber core 2a. Thus, the respective light amounts can be controlled so that they can be separately incident on the respective optical fiber cores 2a.

  The light source unit 14 of each optical fiber core 2a is connected to the fire detecting means 6, intrusion detecting means 7, and water leak detecting means 8 of the disaster prevention receiver 4 by wiring in the panel. A control unit 16 is provided. In addition, the light source unit 14 of each optical fiber core 2a and the intrusion detection means 7 of the disaster prevention receiver 4 are connected by wiring in the panel.

  In the first embodiment, the communication optical fiber cable is composed of a plurality of communication optical fiber cables, the communication optical fiber cable is arranged at a predetermined location, and an information display terminal is installed to display necessary information. In addition, a communication optical fiber cable is arranged at a predetermined location, and a controller is installed to control necessary equipment. An optical branch may be provided at a predetermined location of the communication optical fiber cable, and the branched optical fiber cable may be connected to an information display terminal or a controller. In this case, one communication optical fiber cable may be laid and branched at a predetermined location.

  According to the first embodiment configured as described above, the detection optical fiber cable 1 and the illumination optical fiber cable 2 which are configured by one detection optical fiber cable 1a are bundled into one wire 3 Therefore, laying work such as wiring to a building can be facilitated, and the system can be simplified, downsized, and reduced in space.

  Further, since the fire detection means 6, the intrusion detection means 7, and the water leakage detection means 8 all use Brillouin scattering for the detection method, the fire detection means 6, the intrusion detection means 7, and the water leakage detection means 8 are combined into one Brillouin. It can be configured as the detection means 5, whereby the installation is simplified, further space saving and downsizing of the disaster prevention receiver 4 can be achieved.

  When receiving an abnormal signal detected by the fire detecting means 6, the intrusion detecting means 7, and the water leak detecting means 8, the alarm generating means 9 instructs the alarm device 12 to generate an alarm, and the notifying means 10 includes an external security guard. The control unit 16 notifies the light source unit 14 of the optical fiber core 2a of the lighting optical fiber cable 2 disposed in the monitoring area where the intrusion has occurred, to the relevant places such as a room, a police station, etc. Since the control is performed, a predetermined lighting is performed in the monitoring area, and the status of the monitoring area can be confirmed by the monitoring camera installed in the monitoring area, a quick disaster prevention activity can be performed.

  Further, in the first embodiment, the inside of the outer coating 22 of the detection optical fiber cable 1a is intermittently non-deformable in the longitudinal direction of the detection optical fiber cable 1a at the axially symmetric position of the polymer-based water-absorbing material 23. Since the member 24 is disposed, when the polymer-based water-absorbing material 23 expands or contracts by absorbing water, the detection optical fiber cable 1a is detected by the non-deformable member 24 disposed at the expansion or contraction position. Since the bending of the cable 1a is increased and the distortion and transmission loss of the optical fiber cable for detection 1a are increased, the occurrence and location of leakage can be detected with higher resolution and higher accuracy.

<Second embodiment>
FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the disaster prevention system according to the present invention. In the second embodiment, the detection optical fiber cable 1 is configured such that an optical fiber cable 1b for detecting a temperature due to a fire and an optical fiber cable 1c for detecting intrusion and water leakage are bundled with a wire and configured as one. The fire detecting means 6 is connected to the optical fiber cable 1b for detecting a temperature due to a fire, and the intrusion detecting means 7 and the water leak detecting are connected to the optical fiber cable 1c for detecting intrusion and water leakage through an optical path separating device (not shown). Means 8 is connected.

  In the second embodiment, the fire detection means 6 uses anti-Stokes light of Raman scattering for the detection method, and the intrusion detection means 7 and the water leakage detection means 8 both use Rayleigh scattering for the detection method.

  Also, in the second embodiment, similarly to the first embodiment, the optical fiber cable 1c has the same configuration as the optical fiber cable 1a. According to such a configuration, in particular, the occurrence and location of a fire can be detected quickly and with higher resolution, and the occurrence and location of intrusion and water leakage can be detected with higher resolution.

<Third embodiment>
FIG. 5 shows a third embodiment of the disaster prevention system according to the present invention. In the third embodiment, the optical fiber cable 1 for detection includes an optical fiber cable 1b for detecting a temperature due to a fire, an optical fiber cable 1d for detecting intrusion, and an optical fiber cable 1e for detecting water leakage. The fire detection means 6 is attached to the optical fiber cable 1b for detecting the temperature due to a fire, the intrusion detection means 7 is attached to the optical fiber cable 1d for detecting intrusion, and the optical fiber for detecting water leakage. Water leak detecting means 8 is connected to the cable 1e.

  In the third embodiment, the fire detection means 6 uses the anti-Stokes light of Raman scattering for the detection method, and the intrusion detection means 7 and the water leakage detection means 8 both use Rayleigh scattering for the detection method.

  Also, in the third embodiment, similarly to the first embodiment, the optical fiber cable 1e has the same configuration as the optical fiber cable 1a. According to such a configuration, in particular, the occurrence and location of a fire can be detected quickly and with higher resolution, and the occurrence and location of intrusion and water leakage can be detected with higher resolution.

<Fourth embodiment>
FIG. 6 shows a fourth embodiment of the disaster prevention system according to the present invention. In the fourth embodiment, similarly to the third embodiment, the detection optical fiber cable 1 includes an optical fiber cable 1b for detecting a temperature due to a fire, an optical fiber cable 1f for detecting an intrusion, and a water leak detection cable. The optical fiber cable 1e is bundled into one, and the fire detecting means 6 is applied to the optical fiber cable 1b for detecting a temperature caused by a fire, and the intrusion detecting means 7 is applied to the optical fiber cable 1f for detecting an intrusion. The water leak detecting means 8 is connected to the end of the optical fiber cable 1e for detecting the water leakage.

  In the fourth embodiment, the fire detecting means 6 uses the anti-Stokes light of Raman scattering for the detecting method, the intrusion detecting means 7 uses the optical fiber ring interference type for the detecting method, and the water leak detecting means 8 detects the Rayleigh scattering. Utilizing the method.

  Further, inside the optical fiber ring type sensor terminator 26 of the two optical fiber cables 1f, two optical fibers 27 are provided at both ends of an optical fiber 27 of a predetermined length wound around a bobbin (not shown). Each end of the cable 1f is connected. The optical fiber 27 of a predetermined length is connected so as not to generate a non-sensing portion where vibration is sensed in the optical fiber ring interference type. The predetermined length can be determined by designing according to conditions such as the length of the optical fiber cable 1f when laying. In the fourth embodiment, an optical fiber 27 having a length of 2 km is connected. In the fourth embodiment, the optical fiber bobbin is installed in the optical fiber ring type sensor terminator 26. Any position is acceptable.

  Also, in the fourth embodiment, similarly to the first embodiment, the optical fiber cable 1e has the same configuration as the optical fiber cable 1a. According to such a configuration, the occurrence and location of the fire can be detected quickly and with higher resolution, the intrusion can be detected quickly and with higher resolution, and the occurrence and location of the water leakage can be further increased. Can be detected with resolution.

1 Optical fiber cable for detection 1a Optical fiber cable 1b for detecting temperature, intrusion, and water leakage due to fire Optical fiber cable 1c for detecting temperature, due to fire Optical fiber cable 1d for detecting intrusion, water leak Light for detecting intrusion Fiber cable 1e Optical fiber cable 1f for detecting water leakage 1f Optical fiber cable for detecting intrusion 1g optical fiber 2 Optical fiber cable 2a for lighting Optical fiber core 3 Wire 4 Disaster prevention receiver 5 Brillouin scattering detection means 6 Fire detection Means 7 Intrusion detection means 8 Water leakage detection means 9 Alarm generation means 10 Notification means 11 Wiring 12 Alarm 13 Communication line 14 Light source 15 Information control unit 16 Control unit 17 Information display terminal 18 Controller 19 Terminator 20 Illuminator 21 For communication Optical fiber cable 22 Outer sheath 23 Polymeric water absorbing material 24 Undeformed member 25 Water Swollen not or contracted without member 26 optical fiber ring sensor terminator 27 optical fiber 28 Building 29 entrance 30 path 31 wall 32 interior lights 33 Air conditioning 34 telephone 35 information terminal 36 monitors cameras Te

Claims (10)

A wire bundled with at least one detection optical fiber cable for detecting temperature, intrusion, and water leakage due to fire, an illumination optical fiber cable for illuminating a monitored area, and a communication optical fiber cable; The wire is laid at a predetermined place to be monitored, and further includes a disaster prevention receiver connected to the detection optical fiber cable,
The fire prevention receiver is connected to the detection optical fiber cable to detect a fire temperature, fire detection means, intrusion detection means for detecting intrusion, water leakage detection means for detecting water leakage, the fire detection means, the intrusion The communication optical fiber, comprising: a detection unit, an alarm generation unit that receives an abnormality signal detected by the water leakage detection unit and issues an alarm, and an alarm unit that externally notifies an abnormality content and an abnormality occurrence location according to the abnormality signal, and the communication optical fiber. A disaster prevention system comprising: an information control unit connected to a cable; and a communication line.   The lighting optical fiber cable is composed of a plurality of optical fiber cores, connects each optical fiber core and a light source, and outputs an abnormal signal detected by the fire detecting means, the intrusion detecting means, and the water leak detecting means. A control unit having a function of controlling a light amount of a light source unit of an optical fiber core wire of the optical fiber cable for illumination arranged in a monitoring area where an abnormality occurrence location has occurred when received. The disaster prevention system according to 1.   The communication optical fiber cable distributes information from the disaster prevention receiver via the information control unit, and the communication optical fiber cable is obtained by the communication line connected to the disaster prevention receiver. A terminal for distributing information from the outside via the information control unit and displaying information at an end opposite to the disaster prevention receiver connected to the communication optical fiber cable and / or a controller for controlling a predetermined device; The disaster prevention system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein:   The disaster prevention system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the optical fiber cable for detection is constituted by one optical fiber cable.   The optical fiber cable for detection is composed of an optical fiber cable for detecting a temperature due to a fire and an optical fiber cable for detecting intrusion and water leakage, which are bundled with the wire to form a single cable. 4. The fire detecting means is connected to an optical fiber cable, and the intrusion detecting means and the water leak detecting means are connected to an optical fiber cable for detecting intrusion and water leakage. The disaster prevention system according to item 1.   In the detection optical fiber cable, a plurality of optical fiber cables for detecting each of temperature, intrusion, and water leakage due to a fire are bundled with the wire and configured as one. The disaster prevention system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the fire detection unit, the intrusion detection unit, and the water leakage detection unit are separately connected to an optical fiber cable.   The fire detection means, the intrusion detection means, and the water leakage detection means included in the disaster prevention receiver each use one Brillouin scattering detection method as one Brillouin scattering detection means. The disaster prevention system according to any one of the above.   The fire detection means included in the disaster prevention receiver uses Raman scattering for a detection method, and the intrusion detection means and the water leakage detection means use Rayleigh scattering for a detection method. 6. The disaster prevention system according to any one of 6.   The fire detection means included in the disaster prevention receiver uses Raman scattering for a detection method, the intrusion detection means uses an optical fiber ring interference type for a detection method, and the water leakage detection means uses Rayleigh scattering. The disaster prevention system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the system is used for a detection method.   The disaster prevention system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the wires are laid on a predetermined floor to be detected.