JP6632491B2 - A building with an outer frame that supports openable fittings - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a building having an outer frame that supports an openable fitting such as a door unit or a window sash.

  A reinforced concrete or steel reinforced concrete building has, for example, a main structure in which columns extending vertically and beams (horizontal members) extending horizontally are connected. The main structure maintains the strength of the building against earthquakes and the like. Also, a predetermined wall, window sash, or door unit is provided in a region surrounded by two horizontally adjacent columns and two vertically adjacent beams (that is, an opening region of the main structure). Can be

  In such a building, in order to improve the earthquake resistance, Patent Document 1 discloses a gap between a hanging wall (cube wall) integral with an upper beam and a waist wall (cube wall) integral with a lower beam. A configuration in which a damping damper is provided in the gap is disclosed. Patent Literature 2 discloses a configuration in which a slit is provided at an intermediate portion in the height direction of a miscellaneous wall (a cubic wall) to form upper and lower separate walls, and the upper and lower walls are connected by a vibration control device. .

  The opening area surrounded by the two pillars and the two beams is formed in a rectangular or square shape when viewed from the front. However, when the building rolls due to an earthquake or the like, the opening area is defined by four parallel sides when viewed from the front. May deform into shape. When the opening area is deformed, the cubic wall, window sash, and door unit provided in the opening area may be deformed and damaged. Specifically, as described above, when the opening area is deformed into a parallelogram, the upper edge and the lower edge of the cubic wall provided in the opening area (the upper and lower sides of the quadrilateral in front view) are in opposite directions. Because of the displacement, the shear wall and the tensile force are applied to the cubic wall, the window sash, and the door unit. Further, due to the deformation of the opening area, a compressive force or a tensile force may be applied to the cubic wall. Further, when the cubic wall is displaced or deformed due to the roll, the window sash and the door unit provided adjacent to the cubic wall may be pushed and damaged by the cubic wall.

JP-A-9-177364 JP 2001-123697 A

  If the door unit is damaged due to the earthquake and cannot be opened or closed, it is difficult to evacuate from the door. Therefore, even if an earthquake occurs, it is required that the door be kept openable and closable. Further, in a building having a structure in which strength against earthquakes or the like is secured by columns and beams, the use of the building can be continued if the columns and beams are not damaged. However, if the cubic wall, window sash or door unit is damaged, they must be repaired and the building cannot be used during that time. In the configurations described in Patent Literature 1 and Patent Literature 2, when a roll that exceeds the damping capacity of the damping device or the damping device occurs, the directional wall may be damaged. As described above, Patent Literature 1 and Patent Literature 2 disclose a configuration for improving the earthquake resistance of a building, but disclose a configuration for preventing or suppressing damage to a cubic wall, a window sash, and a door unit. Absent.

  In view of the above-mentioned circumstances, the problem to be solved by the present invention is to prevent a window sash and a door unit from being damaged and maintain a state in which a door can be opened and closed, even when a building rolls due to an earthquake or the like. An object of the present invention is to make it possible to secure an evacuation route, and to prevent damage to a cubic wall, a window sash, and a door unit so that the building can be used continuously.

  In order to solve the above problem, the present invention has a plurality of columns extending in a vertical direction and a plurality of beams extending in a horizontal direction, and two columns adjacent to each other among the plurality of columns and the plurality of columns. A building provided with an opening area surrounded by two beams adjacent to each other among the beams, wherein the opening area includes an openable / closable fitting, a rod-shaped horizontal portion extending in a horizontal direction, and An outer frame that has two vertical portions extending downward from both ends in the longitudinal direction of the horizontal portion and supports the openable fitting, and an upper beam of the two beams adjacent to each other A first wall extending downward and overlapping the outdoor portion of the horizontal portion of the outer frame; a lower end of the two vertical portions of the outer frame is provided with two adjacent ones of the two vertical portions of the outer frame; The horizontal portion of the outer frame is fixed to a lower beam of the beams, and the horizontal portion of the outer frame is attached to the first wall. Characterized in that it is relatively displaceably supported in the extending direction of the upper beam.

  The horizontal portion is provided with a long hole extending in a direction in which the upper beam extends, and the horizontal portion is provided on the first wall in a direction in which the upper beam extends by a screw inserted into the long hole. It may be configured to be supported so as to be relatively displaceable.

  A pair of low friction washers having a lower coefficient of friction than the surface of the horizontal portion may be provided in direct contact with each other on the outdoor side and the indoor side of the horizontal portion.

  The low friction washer may be made of polytetrafluoroethylene.

The two low friction washers provided on the outdoor side and the indoor side of the horizontal portion respectively include a first low friction washer provided on a side close to the horizontal portion and a second low friction washer provided on a side far from the horizontal portion. The first low-friction washer is provided with an elongated hole extending in a direction in which the upper beam extends, and the first low-friction washer is provided between the outside of the horizontal part and the room. A configuration may be adopted in which the elongated hole provided in the first low friction washer and the elongated hole provided in the horizontal portion are overlapped on each inner surface.

  The outer frame may be configured by two divided bodies in which a half of the horizontal part in the longitudinal direction and one of the two vertical parts are integrally connected.

A second wall for closing an opening between the first wall and the outer frame and the column is further provided, and the second wall is disposed outside the outer frame, The edge nearer to the frame may be configured to overlap the outdoor side of the vertical portion of the outer frame.

  The second wall has an upper wall coupled to the upper beam, and a lower wall coupled to the lower beam, with a horizontal direction between the upper wall and the lower wall. A configuration may be provided in which a slit-shaped gap extending is provided, and a slit-shaped gap extending in the vertical direction is provided between the upper wall and the lower wall and the pillar.

  A plurality of the outer frames are provided apart from each other in the direction in which the beams extend, and a third wall that blocks an opening between the plurality of the outer frames is provided, and the third wall is a chamber of the outer frame. The outer frame may be arranged such that an edge portion on the side close to the outer frame overlaps an outdoor side of the vertical portion of the outer frame.

  The third wall has an upper wall coupled to the upper beam, and a lower wall coupled to the lower beam, wherein a horizontal direction is provided between the upper wall and the lower wall. A configuration in which a slit-shaped gap that extends is provided.

  According to the present invention, even when a building rolls due to an earthquake or the like, it is possible to suppress damage to a window sash and a door unit, maintain a state where a door can be opened and closed, and secure an emergency evacuation route. Can be. Further, damage to the cubic wall, window sash, and door unit can be suppressed, and the use of the building can be continued.

FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically illustrating a configuration example of a main part of a building. FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically illustrating a configuration example of a main part of a building. FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically illustrating a configuration example of the outer frame. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line VV of FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view schematically illustrating a configuration example of the sliding support portion. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the operation and effect of the present invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. For convenience of explanation, in each drawing, the upper side of the building is indicated by an arrow “Up”, the lower side is indicated by an arrow “Dn”, the indoor side of the building is indicated by an arrow “In”, and the outdoor side is indicated by an arrow “Out” as appropriate. ". Further, the extending direction of the beam is referred to as “left-right direction”, and the direction perpendicular to the vertical direction and the extending direction of the beam is referred to as “front-back direction”.

(Building composition)
FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are diagrams schematically showing a configuration example of a main part of a building 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 shows a configuration example in which a window sash 51 is provided as an openable fitting, and FIG. 2 shows a configuration example in which a door unit 52 is provided as an openable fitting. FIGS. 1A and 2A are views from the outside of the building 1, and FIGS. 1B and 2B are views from the inside of the building 1.

  The building 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention is a reinforced concrete building or a steel reinforced concrete building. The building 1 has a main structure 11, and the main structure 11 is configured to include a plurality of beams 111 and a plurality of columns 112 connected to each other. The plurality of beams 111 are members extending horizontally (horizontal members), and the plurality of columns 112 are members extending vertically. The specific configuration of the main structure 11 such as the number and the interval of the beams 111 and the columns 112 is not particularly limited. The specific configuration of the main structure 11 is appropriately set according to the configuration of the building 1.

  The main structure 11 of the building 1 is surrounded by two beams 111a and 111b vertically adjacent to each other and two columns 112 adjacent to each other in the left and right direction, and is rectangular (square or rectangular) as viewed in the front-rear direction. Area is provided. For convenience of description, this region is referred to as “structure opening region 12”. Note that, of the two beams 111a and 111b vertically adjacent to each other, the upper beam 111a is a beam on the ceiling of the floor of interest (floor), and the lower beam 111b is a beam on the floor.

  An outer frame 2 is provided in the structural body opening region 12, and a window sash 51 and a door unit 52, which are examples of openable fittings, are fixed to and supported by the outer frame 2. Further, the structure opening area 12 is formed with a predetermined wall 4 so as to close the opening between the outer frame 2 (the window sash 51 or the door unit 52 supported by the outer frame 2) and the beam 111 or the pillar 112. Is provided. The building 1 is divided into an indoor side and an outdoor side by an outer frame 2, a window sash 51 and a door unit 52 fixed to the outer frame 2, and a predetermined wall 4 provided to close the opening. .

  The outer frame 2 and the predetermined wall 4 provided in the structure opening area 12 and the window sash 51 and the door unit 52 (openable fittings) fixed to the outer frame 2 are strength members for securing the strength of the building 1. Is not included. In other words, the main structure 11 of the building 1 has a necessary strength even in a state where the outer frame 2, the predetermined wall 4, the openable fitting, and the like are not provided in the structure opening area 12. It is composed of

(Example of configuration of predetermined wall provided in opening area of structure)
Here, the arrangement of the outer frame 2 and a configuration example of the predetermined wall 4 provided in the structural body opening region 12 will be described. First, the example shown in FIG. 1 will be described. In the example shown in FIG. 1, two outer frames 2 are provided in the structure opening region 12 so as to be separated from each other in the left-right direction, and a window sash 51 is fixed and supported on each of the two outer frames 2. As the predetermined wall 4 provided in the structure opening area 12, a cubic wall 41, a sleeve wall 42, and a descending wall 43 are applied.

  The directional wall 41 is provided at the center in the left-right direction of the structure opening area 12 so as to close the opening between the two outer frames 2 (window sash 51). The two sleeve walls 42 are provided at portions near both ends in the left-right direction of the structural body opening region 12 so as to close the opening between the outer frame 2 (window sash 51) and the pillar 112. The descending wall 43 is provided above each of the two outer frames 2 (window sash 51) so as to close the opening between the outer frame 2 and the upper beam 111a. Further, the cubic wall 41, the sleeve wall 42, and the descending wall 43 are provided at positions offset from the outer frame 2 in the front-rear direction (the direction perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 1) toward the outdoor side.

  The cubic wall 41 and the two sleeve walls 42 are both separated into upper walls 411, 421 and lower walls 412, 422. The upper walls 411, 421 and the lower walls 412, 422 are rectangular when viewed in the front-rear direction. The upper edges of the upper walls 411 and 421 (upper sides in the front-rear direction) are coupled to the upper beam 111a, and extend downward from the lower surface of the upper beam 111a. The lower edges (lower sides) of the lower walls 412 and 422 are coupled to the lower beam 111b, and extend upward from the upper surface of the lower beam 111b. As the upper walls 411 and 421 and the lower walls 412 and 422, for example, walls made of reinforced concrete or steel reinforced concrete can be used. In this case, the reinforcing bars of the upper walls 411 and 421 are connected to the reinforcing bars of the upper beams 111a, and the reinforcing bars of the lower walls 412 and 422 are connected to the reinforcing bars of the lower beams 111b. As described above, the upper walls 411 and 421 are integrally connected to the upper beam 111a, and the lower walls 412 and 422 are integrally connected to the lower beam 111b. However, the cubic wall 41 and the sleeve wall 42 are not limited to reinforced concrete or steel reinforced concrete walls. For example, a wall using a secondary member such as an ALC panel, a precast reinforced concrete member, or a metal panel may be used.

  Between the upper walls 411, 421 and the lower walls 412, 422, slit-shaped gaps 401, 402 extending in the left-right direction when viewed in the front-rear direction are provided. That is, the lower surfaces (lower sides) of the upper walls 411 and 421 and the upper surfaces (upper sides) of the lower walls 412 and 422 are not in contact with or coupled to each other, and are separated by a predetermined distance in the vertical direction. If the directional wall 41 and the sleeve wall 42 are made of reinforced concrete or steel reinforced concrete, the reinforcing bars of the upper walls 411, 421 and the lower walls 412, 422 are not directly connected. As described above, the upper walls 411 and 421 and the lower walls 412 and 422 are physically and physically separated from each other.

  The vertical position of the gaps 401 and 402 between the upper walls 411 and 421 and the lower walls 412 and 422 is not particularly limited, but is preferably the vertical position of the structural body opening region 12. That is, it is preferable that the vertical dimensions of the upper walls 411, 421 and the lower walls 412, 422 are substantially the same. The vertical dimension of these gaps 401 and 402 is not particularly limited. FIG. 1 shows an example in which the lower surfaces (lower sides) of upper walls 411 and 421 and the upper surfaces (upper sides) of lower walls 412 and 422 are planes (straight lines) and are parallel to each other. It is not limited to. In short, when the upper wall 411, 421 and the lower wall 412, 422 are vertically separated and relatively displaced to the opposite side in the longitudinal direction of the upper beam 111a and the lower beam 111b. Any configuration that does not contact each other (a configuration that does not hinder each other's displacement) may be used.

  A slit-shaped gap 403 extending vertically is provided between the upper wall 421 and the lower wall 422 of the sleeve wall 42 and the pillar 112. The sleeve wall 42 and the column 112 are not directly connected, but are separated from each other by a predetermined distance in the left-right direction over the entire length in the vertical direction. The lateral dimension of the gap 403 is not particularly limited. However, when the column 112 is displaced or deformed due to an earthquake or the like, the upper and lower walls 421 and 422 of the sleeve wall 42 do not contact the column 112. Preferably, there is.

  The falling wall 43 extends downward from the lower surface of the upper beam 111a. A wall made of a reinforced concrete structure or a steel reinforced concrete structure can be applied to the falling wall 43. In this case, the reinforcing bar of the falling wall 43 is connected to the reinforcing bar of the upper beam 111a. However, the falling wall 43 is not limited to a reinforced concrete wall or a steel reinforced concrete wall. For example, similarly to the cubic wall 41 and the sleeve wall 42, a wall using a secondary member such as an ALC panel, a precast reinforced concrete member, or a metal panel may be used. Between the descending wall 43 and the cubic wall 41 and between the descending wall 43 and the sleeve wall 42, slit-shaped gaps 404 extending in the vertical direction are provided, and the descending wall 43 and the cubic wall 41 and the sleeve are provided. It is separated from the wall 42 by a predetermined distance in the left-right direction. As described above, the descending wall 43 is integrally connected to the upper beam 111a, but is not directly connected to the cubic wall 41 and the sleeve wall 42.

  Next, an example shown in FIG. 2 will be described. In the example shown in FIG. 2, one outer frame 2 is provided at the center in the left-right direction of the structure opening area 12, and the door unit 52 is fixed to the one outer frame 2. Then, as the predetermined wall 4 provided in the structure opening area 12, two cubic walls 41 and a descending wall 43 are applied.

  The two cubic walls 41 are provided on each of the left and right sides of one outer frame 2 so as to close the opening between the outer frame 2 and the pillar 112. The descending wall 43 is provided so as to close an opening between the outer frame 2 (door unit 52) and the upper beam 111a. The cubic wall 41 and the descending wall 43 are provided at positions shifted from the outer frame 2 toward the outside in the front-rear direction.

  The same configuration as the cubic wall 41 shown in FIG. 1 can be applied to the cubic wall 41 shown in FIG. That is, these cubic walls 41 are separated into an upper wall 411 and a lower wall 412, and a slit-like gap 401 extending in the horizontal direction is provided between them. A slit-shaped gap 405 is provided between each of the upper wall 411 and the lower wall 412 of the two cubic walls 41 and each of the two pillars 112, similarly to the sleeve wall 42 shown in FIG. . As described above, each of the two cubic walls 41 and each of the two pillars 112 are separated by a predetermined distance in the left-right direction, and are not directly connected. The same size as that of the example shown in FIG. 1 is applied to the size of the gap 401 between the upper wall 411 and the lower wall 412 of the cubic wall 41. The same dimension as the gap between the sleeve wall 42 and the pillar 112 in the example shown in FIG. 1 is applied to the dimension of the gap 405 between the cubic wall 41 and the pillar 112.

  The same structure as the falling wall 43 shown in FIG. 1 can be applied to the falling wall 43. A slit-shaped gap 404 extending in the up-down direction is provided between the descending wall 43 and the cubic wall 41. As described above, the descending wall 43 and the cubic wall 41 are separated from each other by a predetermined distance in the left-right direction, and are not directly connected.

  The predetermined wall 4 provided in the structural body opening region 12 is not limited to the cubic wall 41, the sleeve wall 42, and the descending wall 43. The cubic wall 41, the sleeve wall 42, and the descending wall 43 are merely examples of the predetermined wall 4 provided in the structure opening area 12. In short, the structural body opening area 12 includes “a wall (a sleeve wall 42 in the example shown in FIG. 1 and a cubic wall 41 in the example shown in FIG. 2) closing the opening between the outer frame and the left and right columns”. And "a wall (a falling wall 43 in the examples shown in FIGS. 1 and 2) for closing the opening between the outer frame and the upper beam" may be provided. In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, if a plurality of outer frames 2 are provided in one structural body opening region 12 so as to be separated from each other in the left-right direction, a “wall that closes an opening between the plurality of outer frames” is used. (The cubic wall 41 in the example shown in FIG. 1) "may be used as long as it is further provided.

The “wall that closes the opening between the outer frame and the left and right pillars” and the “wall that closes the opening between the plurality of outer frames” are both vertically separated. The “wall that closes the opening between the outer frame and the left and right pillars” and the left and right pillars 112 are not directly connected and are separated by a predetermined distance. Furthermore, it is not directly connected to the “wall (falling wall 43) that closes the opening between the outer frame and the upper beam” and other walls, and is separated by a predetermined distance in the left-right direction. . That is, the “wall that closes the opening between the outer frame and the upper beam” is configured to be directly coupled only to the upper beam 111a, and is not directly coupled to the other walls 4 and the columns 112. it Re Oh configuration.

  In each of the examples shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the gaps 401 and 402 between the cubic wall 41 and the upper walls 411 and 421 and the lower walls 412 and 422 of the sleeve wall 42 may be filled with the filler. Good. However, the filler is configured so that the upper walls 411 and 421 and the lower walls 412 and 422 are not strongly connected to each other and do not hinder relative displacement. For example, a fireproof material that is softer and easier to deform than the upper walls 411 and 421 and the lower walls 412 and 422 can be used as the filler. Further, the filler may be filled only between the upper walls 411, 421 and the lower walls 412, 422, and may not be bonded. The same applies to the gap 404 between the descending wall 43 and the cubic wall 41 or the sleeve wall 42 and the gap 403 between the sleeve wall 42 and the pillar 112.

(Outer frame)
Next, a configuration example of the outer frame 2 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically illustrating a configuration example of the outer frame 2. The outer frame 2 is a structure that supports openable and closable fittings such as a window sash 51 and a door unit 52. As shown in FIG. 3, the outer frame 2 is configured to include two divided bodies 201.

  Each of the two divided bodies 201 includes a divided portion 211 of a substantially bar-shaped horizontal portion 21 extending in the left-right direction (a portion that becomes a part of the horizontal portion 21 in the longitudinal direction when assembled) and a division of the horizontal portion 21. A substantially rod-shaped vertical portion 22 extending downward from one longitudinal end of the portion 211 is provided. FIG. 3 shows an example in which one divided part 211 forms half of the horizontal part 21. Each of the two divided bodies 201 has a substantially “L” shape, and has a symmetrical shape (a line-symmetrical shape) in the left-right direction when viewed in the front-back direction. For the divided portion 211 and the vertical portion 22 of the horizontal portion 21, for example, a substantially bar-shaped steel such as a channel steel (channel) or a C-shaped steel is applied.

  One longitudinal end of the divided part 211 of the horizontal part 21 and the upper end of the vertical part 22 are integrally joined by welding or the like. Further, a joint plate provided with a screw hole is integrally connected to the other end of the divided portion 211 of the horizontal portion 21. The ends of the divided portions 211 of the horizontal portion 21 are brought into contact with each other and screwed together. Fixed. Accordingly, the outer frame 2 has the substantially bar-shaped horizontal portion 21 and the two substantially bar-shaped vertical portions 22 extending downward from both ends of the horizontal portion 21, and is substantially “C” when viewed in the front-rear direction. The structure is in the shape of a letter. With such a configuration, the outer frame 2 can be transported or the like in the state of the divided body 201, so that the handling becomes easy. In addition, an elongated hole 32 penetrating in the front-rear direction and long in the left-right direction is provided in the divided part 211 of the horizontal part 21. The elongated hole 32 becomes a part of the slide bearing 3 (described later).

  In the present embodiment, each of the two divided bodies 201 has a configuration in which each of the two divided bodies 201 has the divided part 211 of the horizontal part 21 and one vertical part 22, and the divided part 211 is half of the horizontal part. The division body 201 is not limited to such a configuration. For example, another rod-shaped member may be provided between the divided portions 211 of the horizontal portion 21 of the two divided bodies 201. In this case, this rod-shaped member is provided between the divided parts 211 of the horizontal part 21 of the two divided bodies 201 and becomes a part of the horizontal part 21 of the outer frame 2. The horizontal dimension and the vertical dimension of the outer frame 2 are not particularly limited. The outer frame 2 only needs to have a size that allows the window sash 51 and the door unit 52 to be fitted inside, and is appropriately set according to the size of the window sash 51 and the door unit 52 to be supported. The cross-sectional dimensions of the horizontal portion 21 and the vertical portion 22 are not particularly limited. If the horizontal part 21 and the vertical part 22 are made of C-shaped steel or channel steel, for example, a cross-sectional dimension of 60 mm × 125 mm can be applied.

  A conventionally known window sash or door unit can be applied to the window sash 51 or the door unit 52 fixed to the outer frame 2. For example, the window sash 51 has a rectangular outer shape when viewed in the front-rear direction. The window sash 51 has a rectangular sash frame 511 and a sash window 512 (also referred to as a sash door) attached to the sash frame 511 so as to be openable and closable (movable in a sliding manner). The door unit 52 includes a door frame 521 having a quadrangular outer shape when viewed in the front-rear direction, and a door body 522 attached to the door frame 521 so as to be openable and closable. As described above, the window sash 51 and the door unit 52 fixed to the outer frame 2, that is, the opening and closing fittings, include the frame (the sash frame 511 and the door frame 521) and the member (the member that is openably and closably attached to the frame). Any configuration having a sash window 512 and a door body 522) may be used.

(Assembly structure of outer frame)
Next, a structure for attaching the outer frame 2 to the building 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IV-IV of FIG. 1 and FIG. 5, and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VV of FIG. 1 and FIG. FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the descending wall 43 and the horizontal portion 21 of the outer frame 2 overlap each other when viewed in the front-rear direction, and the surface of the horizontal portion 21 of the outer frame 2 on the outdoor side and the surface of the descending wall 43 on the indoor side. Face each other. The horizontal portion 21 is relatively displaceable in the left and right direction (extending direction of the upper beam 111 a) in the sliding support portion 3, but is not relatively displaceable in the front and rear direction with respect to the falling wall 43. (Supported). The slide bearings 3 are provided at two places separated by a predetermined distance in the left-right direction, for example (see FIGS. 1 and 2). However, the specific position and number of the slide bearings 3 are not limited. The detailed configuration of the slide bearing 3 will be described later.

  Each of the lower ends of the two vertical portions 22 of the outer frame 2 is fixed to the lower beam 111b. For example, an anchor 121 and the like are embedded in the lower beam 111b, and a support plate 122 fixed to the anchor 121 by welding or the like is embedded so that its surface is exposed. The lower end of the vertical portion 22 is welded and fixed to the support plate 122 via an angle piece 123 or the like over the entire circumference (all-around fillet welding is performed).

  As shown in FIG. 5, the cubic wall 41 or the sleeve wall 42 and the vertical portion 22 of the outer frame 2 overlap each other when viewed in the front-rear direction. However, the cubic wall 41 or the sleeve wall 42 and the vertical portion 22 of the outer frame 2 are not connected in terms of strength.

  In this manner, the outer frame 2 has the horizontal portion 21 supported by the sliding support portion 3 so as to be movable in the left-right direction on the descending wall 43, and the lower ends of the two vertical portions 22 are fixed to the lower beam 111b. . On the other hand, the other parts of the outer frame 2 are not connected to the predetermined wall 4 or the main structure 11 provided in the structure opening area 12 for the purpose of securing the strength of the building 1, maintaining the strength, and supporting the strength. . However, the outer frame 2 and the cubic wall 41, the sleeve wall 42, and the descending wall 43 may be connected to each other via a connecting portion that breaks or separates with a smaller force than the outer frame 2 deforms or breaks. . In this case, when the outer frame 2 and the cubic wall 41, the sleeve wall 42, and the descending wall 43 are relatively displaced, such a joint is broken or the like, so that the outer frame 2 is not deformed. Is prevented.

  The window sash 51 and the door unit 52 are arranged inside the outer frame 2 (the area surrounded by the outer frame 2 and the lower beam 111b), and the sash frame 511 and the door frame 521 are respectively attached to the outer frame 2. Is fixed to the lower beam 111b. As described above, the sash frame 511 of the window sash 51 and the door frame 521 of the door unit 52 are directly attached to the pillar 112, the beam 111 (the main structure 11 of the building 1), and the predetermined wall 4 provided in the structure opening area 12. , But is indirectly fixed and supported via the outer frame 2. The structure for fixing the sash frame 511 of the window sash 51, the door frame 521 of the door unit 52, the outer frame 2, and the lower beam 111b is not particularly limited. Various known fixing structures such as welding can be applied to these fixing structures.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 5, gaps between the outer frame 2 and the sash frame 511 or the door frame 521 are filled with a known fireproof material or heat insulating material 601. Similarly, the gap between the outer frame 2 and the predetermined wall 4 may be filled with a fireproof material, a heat insulating material 601 or the like. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the outer peripheral portions of the sash frame 511 and the door frame 521 face the indoor side surface of the predetermined wall 4 at a predetermined distance. Then, a gap between the sash frame 511 or the door frame 521 and the surface of the predetermined wall 4 on the indoor side is closed by a known sealing material 602. The structures and types of the fireproof / heat insulating material 601 and the sealing material 602 are not particularly limited. However, the fireproof material / heat insulating material 601 and the like filled in the gap between the outer frame 2 and the predetermined wall 4 have strength or bonding strength that does not hinder the relative displacement between the outer frame 2 and the predetermined wall 4. Things apply. Similarly, the sealing material 602 filled in the gap between the sash frame 511 or the door frame 521 fixed to the outer frame 2 and the predetermined wall 4 is also different from the fixed sash frame 511 or the door frame 521 and the predetermined wall 4. Of a strength or binding strength that does not hinder the relative displacement of

(Structure of sliding bearing)
Next, a configuration example of the slide bearing 3 will be described. FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view schematically showing a configuration example of the slide bearing 3. As shown in FIG. 6, the slide bearing 3 is provided with a long hole 32 provided in the horizontal portion 21 of the outer frame 2, a plate member 31 provided in the falling wall 43, and a long hole 32 provided in the falling wall 43. It is configured to include a screw 33 to be inserted, two washers 35 fastened together with the screw 33, and a first low friction washer 361 and a second low friction washer 362 each of two screws.

  The plate member 31 is a plate-shaped member made of, for example, a steel material, and is fixed to a room-side surface of the descending wall 43 with a screw or the like. The screw 33 is provided so as to penetrate the plate member 31 from the descending wall 43 and protrude toward the indoor side. The screw 33 is fixed to the lower wall 43 via an embedding anchor 34, for example.

  The elongated hole 32 provided in the horizontal portion 21 is a through hole through which the screw 33 can be inserted, and penetrates in the front-back direction and extends in the left-right direction. When the screw 33 fixed to the descending wall 43 is inserted into the elongated hole 32, the descending wall 43 (the upper beam 111 a) and the outer frame 2 relatively move in the left-right direction, which is the extending direction of the elongated hole 32. It can be displaced. The longitudinal dimension of the long hole 32 is not particularly limited. However, the longitudinal dimension of the elongated hole 32 is an allowable amount of relative displacement between the descending wall 43 (upper beam 111a) and the outer frame 2. Therefore, it may be appropriately set according to the relative displacement of the upper beam 111a and the lower beam 111b at the time of the occurrence of an earthquake. For example, it may be about 140 mm.

  Each of the two first low friction washers 361 and the second low friction washers 362 has a lower coefficient of friction than the surface of the horizontal portion 21 of the outer frame 2 and a general washer. For example, the first low-friction washer 361 and the second low-friction washer 362 have a structure made of polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon (registered trademark of E.I. Dupont de Nemours and Company)) or a polytetrafluoroethylene on the surface. A configuration in which a fluoroethylene layer is provided is applicable.

  The first low friction washer 361 has a flat plate shape having a long hole extending in the left-right direction and penetrating in the front-rear direction. In the two first low-friction washers 361, the positions of the long holes provided in the indoor portion and the outside of the horizontal portion 21 in the front-back direction match the positions of the long holes 32 provided in the horizontal portion 21. (The long hole 32 of the horizontal portion 21 and the long hole of the first low friction washer 361 are connected in series). The first low-friction washer 361 is bonded to the indoor surface and the outdoor surface of the horizontal portion 21 with an adhesive or the like. On the other hand, the shapes of the two second low friction washers 362 are not particularly limited, and the same shapes as conventionally known various square washers and round washers can be applied. The two second low friction washers 362 are provided so as to be in direct contact with the two first low friction washers 361, respectively. That is, a pair of low friction washers (a first low friction washer 361 and a second low friction washer 362) are provided on the outdoor side and the indoor side of the horizontal portion 21, respectively.

  The two washers 35 are arranged so as to sandwich the horizontal portion 21 and two first low friction washers 361 and two second low friction washers 362. Conventionally known various washers can be applied to these two washers 35. The shape of these washers 35 is not particularly limited, and may be round washers or square washers. A spring washer 37 is disposed on the indoor side of the washer 35 provided on the indoor side. Then, the horizontal portion 21, the first low friction washer 361 and the second low friction washer 362, and the two washers 35 and the spring washer 37 are fastened together by the nut 38. Therefore, the plate member 31, the washer 35, the second low friction washer 362, the first low friction washer 361, the horizontal portion 21 of the outer frame 2, the first low friction washer 361, The first low friction washer 362, the washer 35, and the spring washer 37 are arranged in this order.

  As described above, the first low friction washer 361 is disposed on each of the outdoor surface and the indoor surface of the horizontal portion 21 of the outer frame 2, and further, each of the two first low friction washers 361 is provided. There are provided two second low friction washers 362 that are in direct contact with. In other words, a pair of low friction washers (a first low friction washer 361 and a second low friction washer 362) are in direct contact with each other on the outside and inside of the horizontal portion 21 of the outer frame 2. Are arranged as follows. With such a configuration, a slip occurs between the first low friction washer 361 and the second low friction washer 362, so that the horizontal portion 21 of the outer frame 2 and the descending wall 43 (ie, the upper beam 111a) is relatively displaceable in the left-right direction (the extending direction of the upper beam 111a). In particular, since the first low friction washer 361 and the second low friction washer 362 having a lower friction coefficient than the surface of the horizontal portion 21 are in direct contact, smooth relative displacement is possible. On the other hand, since the nut 38 is fastened, relative displacement of the horizontal portion 21 and the descending wall 43 of the outer frame 2 in the front-rear direction is restricted. In this way, the outer frame 2 is slip-supported at the slip bearing 3.

  The specific position and the number of the slide bearings 3 are not particularly limited. For example, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, not only a configuration provided at two locations at a predetermined distance in the left-right direction but also a configuration provided at one location or a configuration provided at three or more locations Good. Further, FIG. 6 shows an example in which the screw 33 protrudes from the descending wall 43, but is not limited to such a configuration. For example, a configuration may be adopted in which a nut (female screw) is embedded in the descending wall 43 and a screw (bolt) is fastened from the indoor side. The point is that the horizontal portion 21 and the two first low friction washers 361 and the second low friction washers 362 provided on the outside and inside of the horizontal portion 21 may be fastened together. .

(Action and effect, etc.)
Next, the operation and effect of the embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating the effect of the embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 7, the deformation of each member and fitting is emphasized for easy understanding of the operation and effect. FIG. 7 shows the example of FIG. 1, but the same applies to the example of FIG. As shown in FIG. 7, when an earthquake occurs, the upper beam 111a and the lower beam 111b may relatively move in opposite directions. In this case, the structure opening area 12 is deformed (distorted) from a rectangle or a square to a substantially parallelogram when viewed in the front-back direction.

  In the conventional configuration where the sash frame and the door frame are fixed to the upper beam and the lower beam, the sash frame and the door frame are moved in accordance with the relative displacement between the upper beam and the lower beam. Deforms into a nearly parallelogram. When the deformation becomes large, the door may be damaged and cannot be opened and closed. On the other hand, in the embodiment of the present invention, the sash frame 511 and the door frame 521 are fixed to the lower beam 111b and the outer frame 2. The outer frame 2 has the lower ends of the two vertical portions 22 fixed to the lower beam 111b, and the horizontal portion 21 can be displaced relative to the falling wall 43 (upper beam 111a) at the sliding support portion 3. It is supported by Further, portions other than the lower end portion of the vertical portion 22 and the slide bearing portion 3 are not strongly connected to the main structure 11 or the predetermined wall 4. With such a configuration, when the upper beam 111a and the lower beam 111b are relatively displaced in opposite directions, the horizontal portion 21 is relatively displaced so as to slide down with respect to the wall 43. I do. Thereby, deformation and breakage of the outer frame 2 are prevented or suppressed, and deformation and breakage of the window sash 51 and the door unit 52 fixed to the outer frame 2 are prevented or suppressed. Therefore, there is no possibility that the window sash 51 and the door unit 52 cannot be opened and closed.

  In the embodiment of the present invention, the outer frame 2, the window sash 51, and the door unit 52 are provided at positions shifted to the indoor side from the predetermined wall 4 provided in the structural body opening area 12. With such a configuration, even when the predetermined wall 4 is displaced in the left-right direction with the left-right displacement of the upper beam 111a and the lower beam 111b, the predetermined wall 4 and the outer frame are displaced. No contact with 2. Therefore, the outer frame 2 is not pressed or deformed or damaged by the predetermined wall 4.

  For example, conventionally, generally, a sash frame and a door frame are fixed to a cubic wall or a beam, and a mortar is filled between them without any gap for waterproofing. In such a conventional configuration, when the beam or the column is deformed, the window sash or the door unit may be deformed by being pushed by the wall or the column via the mortar and may be damaged. Further, in the configuration in which the sash frame is fixed to the wall, since the force is transmitted to the window sash and the door unit via the fixing portion, the sash frame may be deformed or damaged starting from the fixing portion. On the other hand, according to the embodiment of the present invention, occurrence of such deformation or breakage is prevented or suppressed. Therefore, the window sash 51 and the door unit 52 fixed and supported by the outer frame 2 do not become unable to open and close.

  Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the slip surface of the slip bearing portion 3 is a plane parallel to the left-right direction and the up-down direction (that is, a vertical plane instead of a horizontal plane). With such a configuration, the weight of each member and the fitting is not applied to the slide bearing 3, so that the strength of the slide bearing 3 does not need to be increased. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the size and the structure of the slide bearing 3.

  Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the cubic wall 41 and the sleeve wall 42 are vertically separated from each other. With such a configuration, breakage of the cubic wall 41 and the sleeve wall 42 is prevented or suppressed. For example, as in the prior art, when the cubic wall and the sleeve wall are not separated in the vertical direction and are fixed to both the upper beam and the lower beam, the upper beam and the lower beam Is relatively displaced in the opposite direction, a shearing force is applied to the cubic wall or the sleeve wall. When the upper beam and the lower beam are relatively displaced in the vertical direction, a tensile force or a compressive force is applied to the cubic wall or the sleeve wall. For this reason, in the conventional configuration, these forces may damage the cubic wall or the sleeve wall.

  On the other hand, in the embodiment of the present invention, when the upper beam 111a and the lower beam 111b are relatively displaced in the left and right opposite directions, the upper walls 411 and 421 are integrally formed with the upper beam 111a. The lower walls 412 and 422 are displaced integrally with the lower beam 111b. Therefore, no shearing force is applied to the upper walls 411, 421 and the lower walls 412, 422. In addition, since the upper walls 411, 421 and the lower walls 412, 422 are separated by a predetermined distance in the vertical direction, the upper beam 111a and the lower beam 111b are displaced in the vertical direction. However, no tensile or compressive force is applied. Therefore, damage to the cubic wall 41 and the sleeve wall 42 is prevented or suppressed.

  Further, the cubic wall 41 or the sleeve wall 42 and the column 112 are not directly connected to each other, and slit-shaped gaps 403 and 405 extending vertically are provided therebetween. With such a configuration, even if the cubic wall 41 or the sleeve wall 42 and the column 112 are displaced, contact is prevented or suppressed. Therefore, the cubic wall 41 and the sleeve wall 42 are prevented or suppressed from being pushed by the pillar 112 and damaged. Further, when the cubic wall 41 or the sleeve wall 42 and the column 112 are directly connected, a force may be applied to the connection point, and the connection point may be damaged as a starting point. On the other hand, in the embodiment of the present invention, since the cubic wall 41 or the sleeve wall 42 and the column 112 are not directly connected, such breakage does not occur.

  Similarly, the descending wall 43 is not directly connected to the cubic wall 41 and the sleeve wall 42, and a slit-shaped gap 404 extending vertically is provided between them. With such a configuration, since no force is transmitted between the descending wall 43 and the cubic wall 41 or the sleeve wall 42, breakage of the descending wall 43, the cubic wall 41, or the sleeve wall 42 is prevented or suppressed. In other words, the force is absorbed by the gap 404 between the descending wall 43 and the cubic wall 41 or the sleeve wall 42.

  As described above, according to the embodiment of the present invention, when the building 1 rolls due to the earthquake, damage or deformation of the window sash 51 and the door unit 52 provided in the structure opening area 12 is prevented or suppressed, and the window is opened. The sash 51 and the door unit 52 can be kept openable. Therefore, in the event of a disaster such as an earthquake, evacuation from the window sash 51 and the door unit 52 becomes possible, and an emergency evacuation route is secured.

  Further, according to the embodiment of the present invention, not only the sash frame 511 and the door frame 521 fixed to the outer frame 2 but also the predetermined wall 4 is prevented or suppressed from being damaged. Therefore, if the main structures 11 such as the beams 111 and the columns 112 are not damaged, the use of the building 1 can be continued. That is, the main structure 11 of the building 1 maintains necessary strength even in a state where the outer frame 2 and the predetermined wall 4 are not provided in the structure opening area 12. Therefore, as long as the beams 111 and the columns 112 constituting the main structure 11 are not damaged, there is no problem in using the building 1. However, even if the beams 111 and the columns 112 are not damaged, if the predetermined walls 4 provided in the structural body opening area 12 are damaged, they must be repaired. I can not use it. On the other hand, according to the embodiment of the present invention, since the breakage of the predetermined wall 4 is prevented or suppressed, the use of the building 1 can be continued.

  In the embodiment of the present invention, the sash frame 511 and the door frame 521 are fixed to the outer frame 2. With such a configuration, the configurations of the window sash 51 and the door unit 52 fixed to the outer frame 2 are not limited. That is, regardless of the configuration of the window sash 51 and the door unit 52, the effects of the embodiment of the present invention can be obtained. Therefore, the degree of freedom of the configuration of the window sash 51 and the door unit 52 can be increased.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described in detail, the above-mentioned embodiment showed only the specific example at the time of implementing this invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. Various changes can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit thereof.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is an effective technique for a building having an openable fitting such as a window sash or a door unit. ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, even when a building rolls by an earthquake, damage of a window sash and a door unit can be suppressed.

1: Building 11: Main structure 111: Beam 111a: Upper beam 111b: Lower beam 112: Column 12: Structure opening area 121: Anchor 122: Support plate 123: Angle piece 2: Outer frame 201: Split body 21: Horizontal part 211: Divided part 22: Vertical part 3: Sliding support part 31: Plate member 32: Slotted hole provided in horizontal part 33: Screw 34: Embedding anchor 35: Washer 361: First low friction washer 362 : Second low friction washer 37: Spring washer 38: Nut 4: Predetermined wall provided in structure opening area 401: Gap between upper wall and lower wall of cubic wall 402: Upper wall and lower wall of sleeve wall Gap between the wall 403: Gap between the sleeve wall and the column 404: Gap between the falling wall and the cubic wall or the sleeve wall 405: Gap between the cubic wall and the column 41: The cubic wall 411: Upper wall of standing wall 412: Lower wall of cubic wall 42: Sleeve wall 421: Upper wall of sleeve wall 422: Lower wall of sleeve wall 43: Falling wall 51: Window sash 511: Sash frame 512: Sash window 52: Door unit 521 ： Door frame 522 ： Door body 601 ： Fireproof and heat insulating material 602 ： Seal

Claims (10)

It has a plurality of columns extending in the up-down direction and a plurality of beams extending in the horizontal direction, and two columns of the plurality of columns adjacent to each other and two of the plurality of beams adjacent to each other. A building provided with an opening area surrounded by beams and
The opening area has a fitting that can be opened and closed, a bar-shaped horizontal part extending in the horizontal direction, and two vertical parts extending downward from both ends in the longitudinal direction of the horizontal part. An outer frame supporting the fitting; and a first wall extending downward from an upper beam of the two beams adjacent to each other and overlapping with an outdoor side of the horizontal portion of the outer frame is provided. ,
Lower ends of the two vertical portions of the outer frame are fixed to lower beams of the two beams adjacent to each other,
The horizontal portion of the outer frame has an outer frame that supports an openable / closable fitting, which is supported on the first wall so as to be relatively displaceable in a direction in which the upper beam extends. building. The horizontal portion is provided with an elongated hole extending in a direction in which the upper beam extends,
2. The openable and closable device according to claim 1, wherein the horizontal portion is supported by the first wall so as to be relatively displaceable in a direction in which the upper beam extends by a screw inserted into the elongated hole. 3. A building with an outer frame that supports various fittings.   3. The low friction washer of two sets having a lower coefficient of friction than the surface of the horizontal portion is provided in direct contact with each other on the outdoor side and the indoor side of the horizontal portion. 4. A building with an outer frame that supports openable fittings.   The building according to claim 3, wherein the low friction washer is made of polytetrafluoroethylene. The two low friction washers provided on the outdoor side and the indoor side of the horizontal portion respectively include a first low friction washer provided on a side close to the horizontal portion and a second low friction washer provided on a side far from the horizontal portion. Low friction washer,
The first low friction washer is provided with an elongated hole extending in a direction in which the upper beam extends,
In the first low-friction washer, the long hole provided in the first low-friction washer and the long hole provided in the horizontal portion overlap with the surfaces of the horizontal portion on the outdoor side and the indoor side, respectively. The building having an outer frame that supports an openable fitting according to claim 3, wherein the building is joined in such a manner.   6. The outer frame according to claim 1, wherein the outer frame includes two divided bodies in which a half of the horizontal portion in the longitudinal direction and one of the two vertical portions are integrally connected. A building having an outer frame that supports the openable fitting according to claim 1. A second wall for closing an opening between the first wall and the outer frame and the column is further provided;
The said 2nd wall is arrange | positioned at the outdoor side of the said outer frame, and the edge part near the said outer frame overlaps the outdoor side of the said vertical part of the said outer frame, The characterized by the above-mentioned. A building having an outer frame for supporting the openable fitting according to any one of claims 1 to 6. The second wall has an upper wall coupled to the upper beam, and a lower wall coupled to the lower beam,
A slit-shaped gap extending in the horizontal direction is provided between the upper wall and the lower wall,
A slit-shaped gap extending in the up-down direction is provided between the upper wall and the lower wall and the pillar, and has an outer frame that supports the openable / closable fitting according to claim 7. building. A plurality of the outer frames are provided apart from each other in a direction in which the beams extend,
A third wall closing an opening between the plurality of outer frames is provided;
The said 3rd wall is arrange | positioned at the outdoor side of the said outer frame, and the edge part by the side near the said outer frame overlaps the outdoor side of the said vertical part of the said outer frame, The characterized by the above-mentioned. A building having an outer frame for supporting the openable fitting according to any one of claims 1 to 8. The third wall has an upper wall coupled to the upper beam, and a lower wall coupled to the lower beam,
The building according to claim 9, wherein a slit-like gap extending in a horizontal direction is provided between the upper wall and the lower wall.

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