JP6629171B2 - Floor structure of moving object - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a floor structure of a moving body such as a railway vehicle, an aircraft, an automobile, and the like, and more particularly, to a structure in which the deflection of a floor surface portion due to a load is suppressed by a lightweight and simple configuration.

In general, a floor structure of a railway vehicle is configured such that a floor plate capable of supporting a load such as a person or an installed object is placed on a floor structure formed on an underframe constituting a part (a bottom portion) of a structure. It is fixed and installed on a beam-shaped support part called a so-called.
In this case, when vibration is propagated from a running device such as a bogie to the floor structure by an input from a track or the like, the floor plate is vibrated by the solid propagation through the floor joist and vibrates.
As a result, depending on the magnitude and frequency characteristics of the vibration, passengers and the like may feel the vibration and sometimes feel uncomfortable.
If the frequency of the vibration propagating to the floorboard is, for example, several tens of Hz or more, noise is generated in the room due to the vibration of the floorboard.
This noise is referred to as a solid-borne noise, and may cause a problem in a moving body from the viewpoint of passenger comfort.

As a conventional technique for suppressing vibration and noise in a floor structure of a railway vehicle or the like, Patent Documents 1 and 2, for example, describe that vibration is absorbed by interposing an elastic body between an upper surface of a floor structure and a floor plate. Have been.
In addition, Patent Document 3 discloses a method of effectively suppressing the vibration and noise of the floor surface portion by providing a flexible floor surface portion that is disposed above the floor structure of the structure. It also describes that the connecting member having an elastic member suspends from the left and right side structures and can be relatively displaced in the sleeper direction with respect to the structure.

JP-A-2000-205334 JP 2000-52981 A JP 2015-168321 A

Instead of the existing structure in which the floorboard is placed on the floor joist, for example, the floorboard is substantially supported only at the side end by the lateral structure, or as in the technique described in Patent Document 3, the movable floor is used. If both ends of the surface are suspended from the lateral structure and supported, solid propagation from the floor joist to the floorboard can be substantially prevented, and vibration propagation to the floor can be effectively insulated.
However, in such a configuration, since there is no support at the center of the floor panel, the rigidity of the floor panel is insufficient for a load of a passenger or cargo, and there is a concern that a relatively large deflection may occur.
On the other hand, it is conceivable to improve the rigidity by increasing the thickness of the floorboard or adding a beam to the lower surface of the floorboard, but if sufficient rigidity is obtained by reinforcing the floorboard itself, A significant increase in weight is inevitable, which adversely affects the performance of railway vehicles and the like.
In view of the above-described problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a floor structure of a moving object that suppresses deflection of a floor surface portion due to a load with a lightweight and simple configuration.

In order to solve the above-described problem, a floor structure of a moving body according to the present invention is provided in which a floor extends substantially horizontally in a lower portion of a space in which an object is accommodated and is supported at a peripheral edge. A surface portion, a pair of support members projecting downward from the floor surface portion and spaced apart in the horizontal direction, and the support member provided at a location separated from a lower surface portion of the floor surface portion by the pair of support members. And a tension member that suppresses relative displacement in the direction in which the interval between the lower ends of the first and second ends increases.
According to the present invention, when a downward load is applied to the floor surface portion, and a bending moment that causes bending deformation in a direction in which the center portion of the floor surface is lowered occurs, the pair of support members respond to the bending deformation of the floor surface portion. , The lower ends of the support members tend to rotate relative to each other, but the opening between the lower ends of the support members is restrained by the tension members, so that a reaction force (drag force) for suppressing the bending deformation of the floor surface portion is generated, It is possible to obtain a rigidity improving effect in which deflection of the floor surface is suppressed.
Therefore, in order to suppress the solid propagation of vibration from the floor structure, etc., even when the floor surface is supported by the side end, the deflection is effectively suppressed by a relatively lightweight and simple structure. can do.

In the present invention, the support member may be arranged at a position separated from a peripheral edge of the floor surface in a longitudinal direction of the tension member.
According to this, it is possible to mainly and effectively reinforce the central portion of the floor portion where the deflection when the downward load is applied is relatively large.
In addition, the span of the reinforcing structure itself can be reduced to reduce the weight.

In the present invention, a structure attached to an upper surface of the floor portion is provided, and at least a part of a fixing portion of the support member to the floor portion is arranged at a position overlapping the structure in plan view. It can be configured.
According to this, the rigidity of the structure itself has an effect of suppressing the floor surface from bending.
Then, a reaction force can be obtained by the support member and the tension member with respect to a bending moment of the floor surface portion generated at a location where the structure is attached to the floor surface portion, so that the rigidity of the entire floor surface portion can be improved.

In the present invention, the structure may be a footrest that supports a seat on which an occupant sits.
According to this, a passenger vehicle for a high-speed railway or an honor train can use a seat base that is usually provided to obtain a favorable floor surface reinforcing effect while suppressing the addition of new parts. it can.
Since the leg rest of the stool has relatively high strength and rigidity to withstand the load of the passenger, the rigidity of the floor portion can be effectively improved.

In the present invention, the floor portion may be configured to be curved in a direction in which a central portion is higher than a peripheral portion in a no-load state.
According to this, by bending the floor surface in a no-load state, the surface rigidity of the floor surface can be increased, and the bending deformation of the floor surface when a downward load is applied can be further suppressed.
In this case, the floor portion may be configured to hold the curved shape by the tension applied to the tension member.
According to this, the floor portion can be curved with a simple configuration, and the above-described effects can be obtained.
In this case, the support member may be arranged so as to be substantially perpendicular to the tension member while the tension member holds the curved shape by the tension.
According to this, it is possible to efficiently convert the angle change at the joint between the floor and the support member into the elongation of the tension member, and it is possible to further enhance the reinforcing effect of the floor.

In the present invention, a configuration may be provided that includes an intermediate support member that protrudes downward from the floor surface portion and supports an intermediate portion of the tension member.
According to this, it is possible to obtain the reinforcing effect of suppressing the deflection of the floor surface portion between the support members provided at both ends of the tension member and the intermediate support member, and to achieve the reinforcement effect of the floor surface portion when a downward load is applied. Deformation can be further suppressed.

In the present invention, both ends of the floor surface in the longitudinal direction of the tension member may be supported in a state where the angle is restricted.
According to this, by restricting the angles of both ends of the floor, it is possible to further suppress the deformation of the floor when a downward load is applied.

In the present invention, the floor surface portion is provided on a side portion of the space portion and is supported so as to be relatively displaceable in a horizontal direction so as to approach or separate from a side wall portion extending substantially vertically. can do.
According to this, it is possible to obtain a vibration damping effect using the mass of the floor surface with respect to the vibration in the left-right direction (for example, in the case of a railroad vehicle in the form of a sleeper), thereby further improving the effect of suppressing vibration and noise. can do.

  In the present invention, the moving body may be a vehicle body for a railway vehicle, and the floor surface portion may be configured to be supported at both ends in a sleeper direction by a side structure forming a side surface portion of the vehicle body for a railway vehicle. it can.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a floor structure of a moving body in which the deflection of the floor surface due to a load is suppressed by a lightweight and simple configuration.

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a vehicle body for a railway vehicle having a first embodiment of a floor structure of a moving body to which the present invention is applied, which is cut along a plane along a vertical direction and a sleeper direction. FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a schematic view taken along a line III-III in FIG. 2. It is an enlarged view of the periphery of the floor surface part in the vehicle body for railway vehicles of 1st Embodiment. It is a figure showing a reinforcement structure in a car body for rail vehicles of a 1st embodiment. It is a figure which shows the deformation | transformation at the time of applying a concentrated load to the center of a floorboard in the floor structure of the mobile body of the comparative example of this invention. It is a figure which shows the deformation | transformation at the time of applying a concentrated load to the floorboard center in the floor surface structure of the moving body which has the reinforcement structure of 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the deformation | transformation at the time of applying a concentrated load to the center of a floorboard in the floor structure of the mobile body of 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the deformation | transformation at the time of applying a concentrated load to the center of a floorboard in 2nd Embodiment of the floor structure of the mobile body to which this invention is applied. It is a figure showing a no-load state in a 3rd embodiment of a floor structure of a mobile to which the present invention is applied. It is a figure which shows the deformation | transformation at the time of applying a concentrated load to the floorboard center in the floor structure of the mobile body of 3rd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the deformation | transformation at the time of applying a concentrated load to the center of a floorboard in 4th Embodiment of the floor surface structure of the mobile body to which this invention is applied. It is a typical sectional view which cut a car body for rail vehicles which has a 5th embodiment of a floor structure of a mobile to which the present invention was applied by a plane which met in a perpendicular direction and a sleeper direction. FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a vehicle body for a railway vehicle having a sixth embodiment of a floor structure of a moving body to which the present invention is applied, taken along a plane along a vertical direction and a sleeper direction. It is the typical sectional view which cut the fuselage part of the aircraft which has a 7th embodiment of the floor structure of the mobile to which the present invention was applied by the plane along the perpendicular direction and the machine width direction. It is a typical sectional view which cut a bus body which has an 8th embodiment of a floor structure of a mobile to which the present invention was applied by a plane along the perpendicular direction and the cross direction. It is a figure showing an unloaded state in a 9th embodiment of a floor structure of a mobile to which the present invention is applied. It is a figure showing the effect of the floor structure of the mobile of a ninth embodiment. It is a figure which shows the deformation | transformation at the time of applying a concentrated load to the center of a floorboard in 10th Embodiment of the floor surface structure of the mobile body to which this invention is applied.

<First embodiment>
Hereinafter, a first embodiment of a floor structure of a moving object to which the present invention is applied will be described.
The floor structure of the moving body according to the first embodiment is provided, for example, in a railway vehicle.
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the railway vehicle body according to the first embodiment, which is cut along a plane along a vertical direction and a sleeper direction.
FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view taken along the line III-III in FIG.

The railway vehicle body 1 (hereinafter, simply referred to as “vehicle body”) is, for example, mounted on a pair of front and rear bogies.
For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the vehicle body 1 has a deck D in which door openings 22 are provided in the front and rear of the vehicle body. And a train body for a high-speed railway vehicle or an express train such as an express train, which is configured by arranging a plurality of stools (cross seats) across the vehicle.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the vehicle body 1 has a substantially hexahedral structure including a floor structure 10, a side structure 20, a roof structure 30, a wife structure 40, and the like.

The floor structure 10 has an underframe which is a rectangular frame-shaped structural member provided at a lower part of the vehicle body 1 and is configured as a flat plate-shaped member substantially along the horizontal direction.
A pair of front and rear bogies is attached to a lower portion of the underframe via a pillow spring system, a traction device, a damper, and the like (not shown).
Various devices (not shown) are suspended below the underframe.
The floor structure 10 forms a lower surface of the vehicle body 1.

The side structures 20 are formed so as to protrude upward from both ends in the sleeper direction (vehicle width direction) of the floor structure 10 and constitute side surfaces of the vehicle body 1.
The side structure 20 is formed in a panel shape substantially along the vehicle front-rear direction and the vertical direction.
The side structure 20 has a window opening 21 (see FIG. 3), a door opening 22 and the like.
The window opening 21 is a portion corresponding to the window of the vehicle interior.
The door opening 22 is provided with a door device for opening and closing the door opening 22 and is used for getting on and off passengers.

The roof structure 30 is provided between the upper end portions of the left and right side structures 20 and is a structure that forms a ceiling portion of the vehicle body 1.
The side structure 20 and the roof structure 30 have a double skin structure made of, for example, an aluminum alloy.

The wife structure 40 is a structure that is provided at each of the front and rear ends of the vehicle body 1 and forms a wife surface.
The wife structure 40 is formed in a panel shape substantially along the sleeper direction and the vertical direction.
The lower end, the side end, and the upper end of the wife structure 40 are respectively joined to the front and rear ends of the floor structure 10, the side structure 20, and the roof structure 30, respectively.
At the center of the wife structure 40, a through door used for traffic of passengers and the like with other vehicles is formed.

Further, the vehicle body 1 includes a floor panel 50, an air conditioning duct 60, a reinforcing structure 100, and the like.
The upper surface of the floor panel 50 constitutes a cabin floor on which a passenger walks and a seat 51 is installed.
The floor plate 50 constitutes a floor portion of the vehicle compartment, and is formed, for example, in a flat plate shape extending substantially in the horizontal direction.
The floor panel 50 is disposed at a lower portion in the vehicle cabin between the floor panel 10 and the floor structure 10 with an interval in the vertical direction.
The floor plate 50 has its side end mounted and supported on a bracket 50 a formed to protrude from the side structure 20.

The stool 51 is, for example, a cross seat arranged so that two passengers per leg are seated in the vehicle front-rear direction.
The seats 51 are arranged in a plurality of rows at substantially equal intervals along the vehicle front-rear direction.
The stools 51 are arranged substantially symmetrically at the center of the floor panel 50 on the left and right of the passage extending in the vehicle front-rear direction.
The stool 51 is attached to the floor plate 50 via a stool leg 52.
The stool leg 52 is provided at a lower portion of the stool 51 and is a trapezoidal member used for fixing the stool 51 to the floor plate 50.
The stool leg 52 has a pair of left and right legs that are spaced apart in the sleeper direction.

The air-conditioning duct 60 is an air flow path that conveys air sent from an air conditioner that performs cooling and heating of the vehicle interior to various parts in the vehicle interior.
The air conditioning duct 60 has, for example, a flat cross-sectional shape whose dimension in the horizontal direction is larger than the vertical direction, and extends substantially along the front-rear direction of the vehicle body 1.
In the example shown in FIG. 1, for example, four air conditioning ducts 60 are arranged along the sleeper direction.
The two air conditioning ducts 60 on the center side are arranged between the first bracket 110 and the second bracket 120 of the reinforcing structure 100 and in a region above the tension member 130.
The two outer air conditioning ducts 60 are respectively disposed on the left and right sides of the reinforcing structure 100.

The reinforcing structure 100 is provided below the floor panel 50.
The reinforcing structure 100 suppresses the deflection (bending deformation in the direction in which the center part descends) of the floor plate 50 when a downward load such as the weight of a passenger or the weight of cargo is applied on the floor plate 50. is there.

Hereinafter, the reinforcing structure 100 will be described in more detail.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the floor portion of the vehicle body for a railway vehicle according to the first embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a reinforcing structure of the railway vehicle body according to the first embodiment.
The reinforcing structure 100 includes a first bracket 110, a second bracket 120, a tension member 130, and the like.
Such a reinforcing structure 100 can be provided at one central portion in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body 1 for a railway vehicle, or at a plurality of locations dispersed in the longitudinal direction.
In the first embodiment, the vehicle body 1 has a floor panel 50 divided into, for example, 17 parts in the front-rear direction, and the reinforcing structure 100 is provided on each floor panel 50. However, in FIG. 100 is shown only in one place.

The first bracket 110 and the second bracket 120 are columnar support fittings formed to protrude downward from the lower surface of the floor plate 50.
The first bracket 110 and the second bracket 120 are provided on the left and right sides of the floor panel 50 so as to be separated in the sleeper direction (vehicle width direction).
The lower ends of the first bracket 110 and the second bracket 120 are spaced apart from the floor structure 10 of the structural body.

  The first bracket 110 and the second bracket 120 have main body parts 111 and 121, gusset parts 112 and 122, and tension member fixing parts 113 and 123, respectively.

The main bodies 111 and 121 are columnar members provided to protrude downward from the lower surface of the floor plate 50.
The main body portions 111 and 121 are formed, for example, in a flat plate shape substantially along the vehicle front-rear direction and the vertical direction.
The upper ends of the main bodies 111 and 121 are fixed to the lower surface of the floor panel 50 by mechanical fastening means such as bolts and nuts or welding.
The lower ends of the main bodies 111 and 121 are arranged above the floor structure 10 at an interval from the floor structure 10.

The gusset portions 112 and 122 are reinforcing members that prevent the main body portions 111 and 121 from inclining (falling) with respect to the floor plate 50.
The gusset portions 112 and 122 are formed in, for example, a flat plate shape having a substantially right-angled triangular planar shape.
The gusset portions 112 and 122 are formed so as to protrude in a rib shape from the inner surfaces of the main body portions 111 and 121 in the vehicle width direction to the inside in the vehicle width direction.
The upper ends of the gussets 112 and 122 are arranged along the lower surface of the floor panel 50 and are fixed to the lower surface of the floor panel 50.

The gusset portions 112 and 122 may be provided outside the main body portions 111 and 121 in the sleeper direction. In this case, when a downward load is applied to the floor plate 50, the gusset portions and the main body portions 111 and 122 are provided. A tensile force acts on a joint between the gusset 121 and the gusset and the floor panel 50.
In this case, if any of the joints is damaged or defective, the reinforcing effect of the gusset portion is reduced, so that the gusset portion is located inside the main body portions 111 and 121 in the vehicle width direction as in the first embodiment. Is preferably provided.

The tension member fixing portions 113 and 123 are portions where both ends of the tension member 130 are fixed and supported.
The tension member fixing portions 113 and 123 are provided near the lower ends of the main body portions 111 and 121, respectively.
The tension member fixing portions 113 and 123 can transmit the tension applied to the tension member 130 to and from the main body portions 111 and 121.
The tension member fixing portions 113 and 123 include, for example, nuts and the like which are fastened to screw portions (not shown) formed at both ends of the tension member 130.
By adjusting the amount of tightening of the nut, it is possible to adjust the tension (preload) to be previously applied to the tension member 130 in a no-load state.

The tension member 130 is provided between the tension member fixing portions 113 and 123 of the first bracket 110 and the second bracket 120, and is a member to which tension is applied when a vertical load is applied to the floor plate 50.
The tension member 130 is formed of, for example, a bar (wire) made of a metal material such as stainless steel (SUS).
The tension member 130 has a substantially straight shape, and both ends are fixed to the first bracket 110 and the second bracket 120 by tension member fixing portions 113 and 123, respectively.
The tension member 130 is disposed substantially below the floor plate 50 along the horizontal direction at a distance from the floor plate 50.
It is preferable from the viewpoint of the reinforcing effect that the distance between the tension member 130 and the floor plate 50 be as large as possible unless interference with the floor structure 10 and other components occurs.
The tension member 130 is configured to have such rigidity and strength that the elongation deformation is substantially negligible during normal use of the railway vehicle.

The fixing portions of the first bracket 110 and the second bracket 120 to the floor plate 50 are arranged at positions overlapping with the stool 52 in a plan view of the vehicle viewed from the vertical direction.
For example, when the stool leg 52 is formed of a square pipe made of an aluminum alloy and has a pair of legs separated in the sleeper direction, the main body portions 111 and 121 are within the distance between the legs of the stool leg 52. Placed in
Further, in the first embodiment, the ends of the gusset portions 112 and 122 fixed to the floor plate 50 on the inner side in the sleeper direction (center passage side) are substantially the same as the legs on the inner side in the sleeper direction of the stool 52. Are arranged at locations that match each other.

In the floor structure of the first embodiment, when a downward load is applied to the center of the floor panel 50 due to, for example, the weight of the passenger, the floor panel 50 tends to be deformed into an arcuate shape that is convex downward by the load. .
If the floor plate 50 is displaced in this way, the first bracket 110 and the second bracket 120 are relatively displaced in a direction in which the respective tension member fixing portions 113 and 123 are separated from each other.
However, since the interval between the tension member fixing portions 113 and 123 is restrained by the tension member 130 and the relative displacement in the direction away from each other is substantially prevented, the reinforcing structure 100 is configured such that the floor plate 50 is deformed as described above. The floor plate 50 has a bending stiffness that is improved.
In particular, in the first embodiment, the fixing portions of the first bracket 110 and the second bracket 120 to the floor plate 50 are provided between the left and right legs of the stool 52, thereby fixing the brackets 110 and 120. The rigidity of the floor plate 50 around the location is improved with respect to other areas.
By the synergistic effect with the reinforcing effect of the floor board 50 by the stool leg 52, in the first embodiment, it is possible to obtain a rigidity improving effect superior to the case where the reinforcing structure 100 is provided alone.

Hereinafter, effects of the first embodiment will be described in comparison with a comparative example of the present invention described below.
In the comparative examples and each embodiment described below, portions substantially common to the previous embodiment such as the above-described first embodiment will be denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted, and different points will be mainly described. I do.

The floor structure of the moving body of the comparative example is obtained by removing the reinforcing structure 100 from the floor structure of the first embodiment.
Hereinafter, a description will be given of the results of calculating the amount of deflection by numerical calculation when a vertical load is applied to the center of the floor panel 50 in each floor structure.
The analysis conditions at this time are as follows.
The floor plate 50 is formed of an aluminum honeycomb plate having a face plate and a honeycomb core in an actual vehicle. However, in this numerical calculation, it is only necessary to verify the effect of improving the rigidity of the reinforcing structure. It was a 5 mm aluminum plate.
The plane shape of the floor panel 50 was a rectangular shape having a length of 3000 mm in the sleeper direction and 1200 mm in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle.
The floor plate 50 is supported at both ends in the sleeper direction in a state where rotation around an axis along the vehicle front-rear direction is not substantially restricted unless otherwise specified.
The deformation state when a vertical concentrated load of 800 N was applied to the center of such a floor plate was obtained by numerical calculation.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating deformation when a concentrated load is applied to the center of the floorboard in the floor structure of the moving body of the comparative example.
In FIG. 6, the displacement in the up-down direction is shown to be magnified 10 times for easy understanding. (The same applies to FIGS. 7, 8, 9, 11, and 12 described later)
As shown in FIG. 6, in the floor surface structure of the comparative example having no reinforcing structure 100, the floor plate 50 is deformed into an arcuate shape in which the lower part is convex.
In the comparative example, the downward displacement at the center of the floor panel 50 was 32.2 mm.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating deformation when a concentrated load is applied to the center of the floor panel in the floor structure of the moving object having the reinforcing structure according to the first embodiment.
Here, the interval (span) S (see FIG. 4) between the tension member fixing portions 113 and 123 of the first bracket 110 and the second bracket 120 is, for example, 1600 mm.
The distance H1 from the lower surface of the floor plate 50 to the tension member 130 is, for example, 150 mm.
The length W1 of the upper end portions of the gusset portions 112 and 122 is, for example, 100 mm.
The tension member 130 is, for example, a SUS round bar having a diameter Φ = 6 mm.

As shown in FIG. 7, in the floor structure in which the reinforcing structure 100 is provided alone on the floor plate 50, the downward displacement at the center of the floor plate 50 was 12.5 mm.
This displacement amount (deflection amount) is about 39% of that of the comparative example, which indicates that the rigidity can be improved to about 2.6 times by providing the reinforcing structure 100 alone.
The weight of the reinforcing structure 100 is, for example, about 11 kg.

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating deformation when a concentrated load is applied to the center of the floor panel in the floor structure of the moving object having the reinforcing structure of the first embodiment.
Here, the height H2 (see FIG. 4) of the stool leg 52 is, for example, 200 mm.
The width W2 between the left and right legs of the stool leg 52 is, for example, 700 mm.
The stool leg 52 is formed of an aluminum alloy square pipe having an outer dimension of 30 mm × 30 mm and a thickness t = 3 mm.
The sleeper-direction inner legs are disposed so as to substantially vertically overlap with the sleeper-direction inner ends of the gusset portions 112 and 122.
As shown in FIG. 8, in the floor structure in which the reinforcing structure 100 is provided on the floor plate 50 in the above-described positional relationship with the stool 52, the downward displacement at the center of the floor plate 50 is 11.0 mm.
This displacement amount (deflection amount) is about 34% of that of the comparative example, which indicates that the rigidity can be improved by about 2.9 times by providing the reinforcing structure 100 together with the stool 52.
Also in this case, the weight of the reinforcing structure 100 is, for example, about 11 kg, and the stool 51 and the stool leg 52 are normally provided in the vehicle. Therefore, the weight increase due to this can be substantially ignored. .

表１に示すように、床板の板厚増加によって剛性を約３倍にするためには、床板１枚あたり１６ｋｇの重量増加を伴うことがわかる。
一般的な鉄道車両においては、１両あたり１０枚以上（例えば１７乃至２０枚程度）の床板を前後方向に配列して用いることから、車両あたり、あるいは、編成あたりの重量増加はさらに大きくなる。
これに対し、約１１ｋｇの重量増加により剛性を約３倍とできる第１実施形態の補強構造１００は、車両の重量増加を抑制しつつ、効果的に床板５０の曲げ剛性を向上できることがわかる。 The correlation between the rigidity improving effect and the weight increase when the rigidity is improved by increasing the thickness of the floor panel 50 instead of providing the reinforcing structure 100 will be described below.
Table 1 shows the weight when the rigidity was improved by changing the thickness of the aluminum honeycomb plate having the face plate and the honeycomb core.

As shown in Table 1, it can be seen that in order to increase the rigidity about three times by increasing the thickness of the floorboard, a weight increase of 16 kg per floorboard is required.
In a general railway vehicle, since 10 or more (for example, about 17 to 20) floorboards are used in a row in the front-rear direction, the weight increase per vehicle or per train is further increased.
On the other hand, it can be seen that the reinforcing structure 100 of the first embodiment, in which the rigidity can be approximately tripled by increasing the weight by about 11 kg, can effectively increase the bending rigidity of the floor panel 50 while suppressing the increase in the weight of the vehicle.

As described above, according to the first embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) When a downward load is applied to the floor panel 50, the first bracket 110 and the second bracket 120 relatively rotate in the direction in which the lower ends open in accordance with the bending deformation of the floor panel 50. Since the opening between the lower end portions of the first bracket 110 and the second bracket 120 is restricted by the tension member 130, a drag force for suppressing the bending deformation of the floor plate 50 is generated.
Therefore, in order to suppress the solid propagation of vibration from the floor structure 10 or the like, even if the floor plate 50 is supported at the side end, the deflection of the floor plate 50 is effectively reduced by a relatively lightweight and simple structure. Can be suppressed.
(2) By providing the reinforcing structure 100 at the center of the floor plate 50 in the sleeper direction, the central portion of the floor plate 50 where deflection when a downward load is applied is relatively large is intensively and effectively reinforced. be able to.
(3) By arranging the first bracket 110 and the second bracket 120 of the reinforcing structure 100 so as to overlap the stool leg 52 in plan view, the first bracket 110 and the second bracket 110 of the floor plate 50 are formed due to the rigidity of the stool leg 52 itself. The base of the two brackets 120 is reinforced, and the reinforcing effect of the floor panel 50 can be enhanced.
Since such a stool leg is usually provided in a passenger vehicle for a high-speed railway or an honor train, it is possible to obtain a good reinforcing effect of the floor plate 50 while suppressing the addition of new parts. Can be.

<Second embodiment>
Next, a second embodiment of a floor structure of a moving object to which the present invention is applied will be described.
The floor structure of the moving body according to the second embodiment is characterized in that the first bracket 110 and the second bracket 120 of the reinforcing structure 100 are arranged near both ends of the floor plate 50 in the sleeper direction.

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating deformation when a concentrated load is applied to the center of the floor panel in the floor structure of the moving object to which the present invention of the second embodiment is applied.
In the second embodiment, the downward displacement at the center of the floor panel 50 was 11.3 mm.
As described above, also in the second embodiment, the rigidity of the floor panel 50 can be improved by a relatively lightweight configuration.

<Third embodiment>
Next, a third embodiment of the floor structure of a moving object to which the present invention is applied will be described.
The floor structure of the moving body according to the third embodiment has the reinforcing structure 100 disposed substantially over the entire width of the floor plate 50, similarly to the second embodiment, and has no downward load substantially applied to the floor plate 50. In a load state (initial state), the floor plate 50 is curved in a bow shape so as to protrude upward.
Such a curved deformation can be obtained, for example, by applying tension to the tension member 130 in advance.
FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a no-load state in the floor structure of the moving object according to the third embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating deformation when a concentrated load is applied to the center of the floor panel in the floor structure of the moving object according to the third embodiment.
In the third embodiment, the downward displacement at the center of the floor panel 50 was 6.5 mm.
As described above, in the third embodiment, in addition to the effects substantially the same as those of the second embodiment, the rigidity improving effect is further enhanced by curving the floor panel 50 in advance so as to be convex upward. be able to.

<Fourth embodiment>
Next, a fourth embodiment of a floor structure of a moving object to which the present invention is applied will be described.
The floor structure of the moving body according to the fourth embodiment has the reinforcing structure 100 disposed over substantially the entire width of the floor panel 50 as in the second embodiment, and the both ends of the floor panel 50 in the sleeper direction are placed side by side. The angle is constrained so as to be perpendicular to the structure 20 (the floor plate 50 is horizontal).

FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating deformation when a concentrated load is applied to the center of the floorboard in the floor structure of the moving object according to the fourth embodiment.
In the fourth embodiment, the downward displacement at the center of the floor panel 50 was 9.9 mm.
As described above, in the fourth embodiment, in addition to the effect substantially the same as that of the second embodiment, by restricting the angle of the side end of the floor plate 50, the area near the side end of the floor plate 50 is reduced. Also exerts an effect of suppressing the downward displacement of the center, and the deflection of the floor plate 50 can be further suppressed.

<Fifth embodiment>
Next, a fifth embodiment of the floor structure of a moving object to which the present invention is applied will be described.
The floor structure of the moving body according to the fifth embodiment is characterized in that both ends of the floor 50 in the sleeper direction are supported by connecting members 70 that can swing with respect to the side structure 20 and the floor plate 50, respectively. .
FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the railway vehicle body according to the fifth embodiment, taken along a plane along the vertical direction and the sleeper direction.

The vehicle body 1 for a railway vehicle according to the fifth embodiment includes a connecting member 70, an interior member 80, and the like.
The connecting member 70 is a member that suspends the floor panel 50 from the side structure 20.
The connecting member 70 is formed, for example, in the shape of a rod extending substantially along the vertical direction.
The upper end of the connecting member 70 is swingably connected to the center of the inner surface of the side structure 20 (the inner surface in the vehicle width direction) in the vertical direction.
The connection point between the connection member 70 and the side structure 20 is provided, for example, directly below the lower end of the window opening 21.
A lower end of the connecting member 70 is swingably connected to a side end of the floor panel 50.
The connecting portion between the connecting member 70 and the side structure 20 and the connecting portion between the connecting member 70 and the floor plate 50 can use an elastic bush such as a cylindrical rubber in addition to a swingable component.

The connecting member 70 is swingably connected to the side structure 20 and the floor panel 50 around a rotation axis along the vehicle front-rear direction.
With such a configuration, the floor plate 50 can be relatively displaced in the left-right direction with respect to a structure such as the floor structure 10.
A plurality of connecting members 70 are provided dispersedly in the vehicle front-rear direction.

The interior member 80 is a member that is formed in a panel shape from, for example, a resin-based material, and is disposed along the inner surfaces of the side structure 20 and the roof structure 30 so as to be exposed to the vehicle interior.
A space is formed between the interior member 80 and the side structure 20, and substantially all of the connecting member 70 except the lower end is accommodated in the space.

  According to the fifth embodiment described above, in addition to substantially the same effect as the second embodiment, by enabling the floor plate 50 to be relatively displaceable in the sleeper direction with respect to the side structure 20, in the sleeper direction. A vibration damping effect using the mass of a floor plate or the like can be obtained with respect to vibration, and the effect of suppressing vibration and noise can be further improved.

<Sixth embodiment>
Next, a sixth embodiment of the floor structure of a moving object to which the present invention is applied will be described.
FIG. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a vehicle body for a railway vehicle having a floor structure of a moving object according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention, taken along a plane along the vertical direction and the sleeper direction.
In the sixth embodiment, the railway vehicle is a so-called two-story vehicle having a first-floor cab and a second-floor cab, and the floor of the second-floor cab is substantially the same as the second embodiment. 50 and a reinforcement structure 100 are provided.
In the sixth embodiment described above, substantially the same effects as those of the above-described second embodiment can be obtained.

<Seventh embodiment>
Next, a seventh embodiment of a floor structure of a moving object to which the present invention is applied will be described.
FIG. 15 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an aircraft having a seventh embodiment of the floor structure of a moving object according to the present invention, taken along a plane along the vertical direction and the width direction of the aircraft.
In the seventh embodiment, a moving object to which the present invention is applied is, for example, an aircraft such as a passenger aircraft.
The fuselage F of the aircraft has a substantially circular cross-sectional shape when cut along a plane along the vertical direction and the machine width direction.
A side end of the floor panel 50 is placed and supported on a bracket 50a provided on a side of the inner surface of the body F.
According to the above-described seventh embodiment, substantially the same effects as those of the above-described first embodiment can be obtained in an aircraft.

<Eighth embodiment>
Next, an eighth embodiment of the floor structure of a moving object to which the present invention is applied will be described.
FIG. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a bus having an eighth embodiment of a floor structure of a moving object according to the present invention, taken along a plane along the vertical direction and the vehicle width direction.
The body B of the bus has a substantially rectangular cross-sectional shape when viewed along a plane along the vertical direction and the vehicle width direction.
A side end of the floor panel 50 is mounted and supported on a bracket 50a provided on a side wall on the inner surface of the vehicle body B.
According to the eighth embodiment described above, substantially the same effects as those of the above-described first embodiment can be obtained in a bus.

<Ninth embodiment>
Next, a ninth embodiment of a floor structure of a moving object to which the present invention is applied will be described.
FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating a no-load state in the floor structure of the moving object according to the ninth embodiment.
Similar to the third embodiment, the floor structure of the moving body according to the ninth embodiment is curved like a bow so that the floor plate 50 is convex upward in a no-load state.
In the ninth embodiment, the main body portions 111 and 121 of the first bracket 110 and the second bracket 120 are substantially perpendicular to the tension member 130 in a state where the floor plate 50 is curved by the tension of the tension member 130. It is characterized by being arranged in.
As shown in FIG. 17, the main body portions 111 and 121, which are the edges of the first bracket 110 and the second bracket 120 on the side end portion side of the floor plate 50, extend in the longitudinal direction (substantially horizontal direction) of the tension member 130. They are arranged along the vertical direction so as to be at right angles to them.

FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating the effect of the floor structure of the moving object according to the ninth embodiment.
FIGS. 18A and 18B are schematic enlarged views of the vicinity of the side end of the floor panel 50 in the third embodiment and the ninth embodiment, respectively.
In addition, in FIG. 18A and FIG. 18B, for the purpose of facilitating understanding, the deflection of the floor plate 50 is illustrated in an enlarged manner.
In the third embodiment shown in FIG. 18A, the main body 111 of the first bracket 110 projects substantially vertically from the lower surface of the floor plate 50.
For this reason, when the floorboard 50 is curved so that the upper portion becomes convex, as shown in FIG. 18A, the main body 111 is arranged to be inclined with respect to the vertical direction and the longitudinal direction of the tension member 130. Will be.
On the other hand, in the ninth embodiment shown in FIG. 18B, the main body 111 of the first bracket 110 is arranged substantially vertically in a state where the floor plate 50 is curved, and They are arranged substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.

Here, assuming that the amount of protrusion of the main body 111 from the floor plate 50 is a, it is assumed that the bending of the floor plate 50 causes a bending angle b at the joint with the first bracket 110.
At this time, in the third embodiment, the elongation of the tension member 130 is d in FIG. 18C.
On the other hand, in the ninth embodiment, the extension of the tension member 130 becomes c in FIG.
It is clear from FIG. 18C that c> d, and it can be seen that in the ninth embodiment, the deflection of the floor plate 50 can be efficiently converted into the extension of the tension member 130.
According to the ninth embodiment described above, in addition to the effects substantially the same as the effects of the third embodiment described above, it becomes possible to convert the deformation of the floor plate 50 into the elongation of the tension member 130 without loss, and 50 can further improve the reinforcing effect.

<Tenth embodiment>
Next, a tenth embodiment of a floor structure of a moving object to which the present invention is applied will be described.
FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating deformation when a concentrated load is applied to the center of the floor panel in the floor structure of a moving object to which the present invention of the tenth embodiment is applied.
The floor structure of the moving body according to the tenth embodiment is substantially the same as that of the fourth embodiment, and further includes a third bracket 140 and a fourth bracket 150.
The third bracket 140 and the fourth bracket 150 are columnar support fittings (intermediate support members) formed to protrude downward from the center of the floor plate 50 in the sleeper direction (vehicle width direction).
The lower ends of the third bracket 140 and the fourth bracket 150 are configured to support an intermediate part of the tension member 130.
The third bracket 140 and the fourth bracket 150 are distributed between the first bracket 110 and the second bracket 120 so as to be symmetrical with respect to the center of the vehicle body 1 along the longitudinal direction of the tension member 130. Have been.
In the tenth embodiment, the downward displacement at the center of the floor panel 50 was 5.3 mm.
According to the tenth embodiment described above, in addition to the substantially same effects as the above-described fourth embodiment, the first bracket 110 and the second bracket 120 provided at both ends of the tension member 130, The reinforcing effect of suppressing the deflection of the floor plate 50 can be obtained even between the third bracket 140 and the fourth bracket 150, and the deformation of the floor plate 50 when a downward load is applied can be further suppressed.

(Other embodiments)
Note that the present invention is not limited to only the above-described embodiments, and various applications and modifications are conceivable.
For example, in each of the embodiments, the moving object is, for example, a railway vehicle, an aircraft, or a bus. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the present invention can be applied to other moving objects such as a new transportation system vehicle and a ship.
In addition, the shape, structure, material, manufacturing method, arrangement, quantity, and the like of each member constituting the floor structure are not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be appropriately changed.
For example, in each of the embodiments, the tension member is formed of a bar, but is not limited thereto. For example, the tension member may be continuously formed in a vehicle front-rear direction by a plate having a width substantially along the vehicle front-rear direction. Is also good. Further, the tension member may be formed by a wire such as a wire.
Further, the arrangement, number, direction, and the like of the reinforcing structures are not particularly limited.
Further, in the fifth embodiment, for example, a rigid rod-shaped member is used as the connecting member for suspending the movable floor plate from the side structure. However, for example, by using a flexible member such as a wire, the side wall portion can be formed. (Side structure) and the movable floor plate may be configured to be swingable.
Further, in the third embodiment, the floor plate is curved by applying a tension to the tension member in advance, but instead or together with this, the side end of the floor plate is inclined so that the center portion side is higher. The angle may be constrained in this state.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Body for railway vehicles D deck 10 Floor structure 20 Side structure 21 Window opening 22 Door opening 30 Roof structure 40 Wife structure 50 Floor plate 50a Bracket 51 Stool 52 Stool leg stand 60 Air-conditioning duct 70 Connecting member 80 Interior member 100 Reinforcement structure 110 first bracket 111 main body part 112 gusset part 113 tension member fixing part 120 second bracket 121 main body part 122 gusset part 123 tension member fixing part 130 tension member 140 third bracket 150 fourth bracket F body B body

Claims (12)

A floor surface portion extending substantially along the horizontal direction at a lower portion of the space portion in which the object is stored, and supported at a peripheral edge portion;
A pair of support members protruding downward from the floor surface and horizontally spaced apart,
A tension member that is provided at a position separated from the lower surface of the floor surface portion by separating the pair of support members and suppresses a relative variation in a direction in which the interval between the lower end portions of the support members increases .
The support member is disposed at a position separated from a peripheral portion of the floor surface portion in a longitudinal direction of the tension member.
The floor structure of a moving object. Having a structure attached to the upper surface of the floor surface,
Floor structure of the vehicle according to claim 1, wherein at least a portion of the fixing portion to the bottom surface portion of the support member is disposed at a position overlapping with the structure in a plan view.   A floor surface portion that extends substantially along the horizontal direction at a lower portion of the space in which the object is stored, and is supported at a peripheral portion;
  A pair of support members protruding downward from the floor surface portion and arranged horizontally separated,
  A tension member that is provided at a position separated from the lower surface of the floor surface portion by a pair of the support members and suppresses a relative variation in a direction in which an interval between lower end portions of the support member is widened;
  With
  Having a structure attached to the upper surface of the floor surface,
  At least a part of the fixing portion of the support member to the floor portion is arranged at a position overlapping the structure in plan view.
  The floor structure of a moving object. The floor structure according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the structure is a footrest that supports a seat on which an occupant sits. The floor of the moving body according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the floor surface portion is curved in a direction in which a central portion is higher than a peripheral portion in a no-load state. Surface structure. The floor structure according to claim 5, wherein the floor portion holds the curved shape by a tension applied to the tension member. The said support member is arrange | positioned so that it may become substantially perpendicular to the said tension member in the state which the said tension member hold | maintained the said curved shape by the tension. The moving body of Claim 6 characterized by the above-mentioned. Floor structure. The floor structure of a moving body according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising an intermediate support member that protrudes downward from the floor surface portion and supports an intermediate portion of the tension member.   A floor surface portion extending substantially along the horizontal direction at a lower portion of the space portion in which the object is stored, and supported at a peripheral edge portion;
  A pair of support members protruding downward from the floor surface and horizontally spaced apart,
  A tension member that is provided at a position separated from the lower surface of the floor surface portion by a pair of the support members and suppresses a relative variation in a direction in which an interval between lower end portions of the support member is widened;
  With
  An intermediate support member that protrudes downward from the floor surface portion and supports an intermediate portion of the tension member is provided.
  The floor structure of a moving object. The moving body according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein both ends of the floor portion in the longitudinal direction of the tension member are supported in a state where the angle is restricted. Floor structure. The floor surface portion is supported so as to be relatively displaceable in a horizontal direction so as to approach or separate from a side wall portion provided on a side portion of the space portion and extending substantially in a vertical direction. The floor structure of a moving body according to any one of claims 1 to 9 . The moving body is a vehicle body for a railway vehicle, and the floor surface portion is supported at both ends in a sleeper direction by a side structure constituting a side surface portion of the vehicle body for a railway vehicle. The floor structure of a moving object according to claim 11 .

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