JP6612562B2

JP6612562B2 - Sound equipment

Info

Publication number: JP6612562B2
Application number: JP2015175449A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 直道大城; 宣史菊地
Original assignee: NEC Network and System Integration Corp
Current assignee: NEC Network and System Integration Corp
Priority date: 2015-09-07
Filing date: 2015-09-07
Publication date: 2019-11-27
Anticipated expiration: 2035-09-07
Also published as: JP2017055151A

Description

本発明は、音響装置に関する。 The present invention relates to an acoustic device.

「音波受信装置」とは、音波に共振した、振動子又は共鳴器の振動を対応する電気信号（以下、「音響信号」という）に変換する装置である。「音波送信装置」とは、音響信号を振動子又は共鳴器の振動を介して、音波に変換する装置である。「音波送受信装置」とは、音波受信装置及び音波送信装置の機能を兼ね備えた装置である。以下では、音波受信装置、音波送信装置、又は音波送受信装置を「音響装置」と総称する。 A “sound wave receiving device” is a device that converts vibration of a vibrator or resonator that resonates with sound waves into a corresponding electrical signal (hereinafter referred to as “acoustic signal”). The “sound wave transmission device” is a device that converts an acoustic signal into a sound wave through vibration of a vibrator or a resonator. The “sound wave transmitting / receiving device” is a device having the functions of a sound wave receiving device and a sound wave transmitting device. Hereinafter, the sound wave receiving device, the sound wave transmitting device, or the sound wave transmitting / receiving device is collectively referred to as an “acoustic device”.

音波受信装置において音波を高精度で受信するためには、受信した音波に対する音響信号の歪が小さいことが必要である。また、音波送信装置において音波を高精度で送信するためには、入力された音響信号に対する音波の歪が小さいことが必要である。以下、音響信号と音波との間の歪が小さいことを「低歪性」という。音響装置における低歪性は、振動子及び共鳴器以外の、音響装置の部分が、音波、振動子の振動、又は共鳴器の振動と予期しない共振をすることにより悪化することがある。 In order to receive the sound wave with high accuracy in the sound wave receiving device, it is necessary that the distortion of the acoustic signal with respect to the received sound wave is small. Further, in order to transmit sound waves with high accuracy in the sound wave transmitting device, it is necessary that the distortion of sound waves with respect to the input acoustic signal is small. Hereinafter, a small distortion between an acoustic signal and a sound wave is referred to as “low distortion”. The low distortion in the acoustic device may be aggravated by unexpected resonance of a portion of the acoustic device other than the vibrator and the resonator with the sound wave, the vibration of the vibrator, or the vibration of the resonator.

低歪性の音波を送信する音波送信技術の一例が、特許文献１に開示されている。特許文献１の汎用スピーカは、スピーカユニットのフレーム、フレームのフランジ部、スピーカユニットのマウント部材、及びバッフル板を含む。スピーカユニットのフレーム、フレームのフランジ部、スピーカユニットのマウント部材、又はバッフル板の、一部若しくは全部に制振合金が使用される。上記の構成の結果、特許文献１の汎用スピーカは、スピーカユニットのフレーム、フレームのフランジ部、スピーカユニットのマウント部材、又はバッフル板における、予期しない共振を抑えることにより、低歪性の音波を送信する。 An example of a sound wave transmission technique for transmitting a low distortion sound wave is disclosed in Patent Document 1. The general-purpose speaker of Patent Document 1 includes a frame of a speaker unit, a flange portion of the frame, a mounting member of the speaker unit, and a baffle plate. A damping alloy is used for part or all of the frame of the speaker unit, the flange portion of the frame, the mounting member of the speaker unit, or the baffle plate. As a result of the above configuration, the general-purpose speaker disclosed in Patent Document 1 transmits low-distortion sound waves by suppressing unexpected resonance in the frame of the speaker unit, the flange portion of the frame, the mounting member of the speaker unit, or the baffle plate. To do.

音響装置は、流体中を相対的に移動する物体（以下、「移動体」という）と一体に形成、又は移動体に接続されることがある。流体とは、液体（水等）又は気体（空気等）である。音波は、流体中を伝播する。「相対的に移動」とは、流体が静止して移動体が移動すること、移動体が静止して流体が移動すること、並びに流体及び移動体が移動することを含む。移動体は、例えば、水中航走体、潜水艇、船舶、遊泳者、飛翔体、航空機、自動車、自転車、歩行者、海洋中の固定物、流水中の固定物、大気中の固定物である。以下、移動体と一体に形成又は移動体に接続された音響装置を、「移動型音響装置」という。移動型音響装置は、例えば、マイクロフォン、スピーカ、ソナー、魚群探知機、音波通信装置である。 The acoustic device may be formed integrally with an object that moves relatively in a fluid (hereinafter referred to as “moving body”) or connected to the moving body. The fluid is a liquid (such as water) or a gas (such as air). Sound waves propagate in the fluid. “Relative movement” includes that the fluid is stationary and the moving body is moved, that the moving body is stationary and that the fluid is moved, and that the fluid and the moving body are moved. The moving object is, for example, an underwater vehicle, a submersible, a ship, a swimmer, a flying object, an aircraft, an automobile, a bicycle, a pedestrian, a fixed object in the ocean, a fixed object in running water, or a fixed object in the atmosphere. . Hereinafter, an acoustic device that is integrally formed with or connected to the moving body is referred to as a “moving acoustic device”. The mobile acoustic device is, for example, a microphone, a speaker, a sonar, a fish finder, or a sound wave communication device.

通常、移動型音響装置は、移動型音響装置の電気回路、移動体の電気回路、又は移動体の駆動装置等の、部品（以下、「内蔵部品」という）を内蔵する。移動型音響装置では、内蔵部品に対する、移動型音響装置の周囲の流体の影響を遮断するために、密閉性が必要である。内蔵部品に影響を与える要因は、例えば、周囲の流体に起因する、水圧、気圧、水分、塩分、腐食性ガス、塵である。 Usually, the mobile acoustic device incorporates a component (hereinafter referred to as “built-in component”) such as an electrical circuit of the mobile acoustic device, an electrical circuit of the mobile body, or a driving device of the mobile body. In the mobile acoustic device, airtightness is necessary to block the influence of the fluid around the mobile acoustic device on the built-in components. Factors that affect the built-in components are, for example, water pressure, atmospheric pressure, moisture, salinity, corrosive gas, and dust caused by the surrounding fluid.

密閉性を有する移動型音響装置に関する音波受信技術の一例が、特許文献２に開示されている。特許文献２の音響センサでは、耐圧容器の内部に複数の振動子が長手方向に等間隔で配列されるとともに、耐圧容器の端面に音響ゴムが接合される。耐圧容器は、バックプレートとサイドプレートとを含む。各振動子は、音響ゴムと、ＯＳ（Onion Skin）ペーパを介してバックプレートとの間に挟み込まれる。上記の構成の結果、特許文献２の音響センサでは、音響センサの密閉性が実現される。 An example of a sound wave receiving technique relating to a mobile acoustic device having a sealing property is disclosed in Patent Document 2. In the acoustic sensor of Patent Document 2, a plurality of vibrators are arranged at equal intervals in the longitudinal direction inside the pressure vessel, and an acoustic rubber is joined to the end surface of the pressure vessel. The pressure vessel includes a back plate and a side plate. Each vibrator is sandwiched between acoustic rubber and a back plate via OS (Onion Skin) paper. As a result of the above configuration, the acoustic sensor disclosed in Patent Document 2 achieves the hermeticity of the acoustic sensor.

移動型音響装置では、移動体の相対的移動時の、移動型音響装置又は移動体の振動の、振動子に対する影響を軽減するために、移動型音響装置又は移動体に対する振動子の制振性を有することが望ましい。移動体の相対的移動時の振動は、例えば、移動体の駆動装置（モーター、エンジン等）の振動、又は移動型音響装置若しくは移動体と周囲の流体との相互作用により発生する、移動型音響装置若しくは移動体の振動である。 In the mobile acoustic device, in order to reduce the influence of the vibration of the mobile acoustic device or the moving body on the vibrator during the relative movement of the mobile body, the vibration damping property of the vibrator on the mobile acoustic device or the moving body is reduced. It is desirable to have The vibration at the time of the relative movement of the moving body is, for example, the vibration of the driving device (motor, engine, etc.) of the moving body, or the moving sound generated by the interaction between the moving acoustic device or the moving body and the surrounding fluid. This is the vibration of the device or the moving body.

特許文献２の音響センサでは、耐圧容器はＯＳペーパを介して振動子に接している。ところが、ＯＳペーパは制振性を有さず、バックプレート及びサイドプレートには制振機構が設けられていない。そのため、特許文献２の音波受信技術では、振動子に耐圧容器の振動が伝わりやすいという問題点がある。 In the acoustic sensor disclosed in Patent Document 2, the pressure-resistant container is in contact with the vibrator via the OS paper. However, OS paper does not have vibration damping properties, and the back plate and the side plate are not provided with a vibration damping mechanism. Therefore, the sound wave receiving technique of Patent Document 2 has a problem that vibration of the pressure vessel is easily transmitted to the vibrator.

振動子の制振性を有する音波送受信技術の一例が、特許文献３に開示されている。特許文献３の水中航走体の送受波器では、音響ゴム板が、外面を水に接するように、水中航走体頭部外殻に取り付けられている。また、音響ゴム板の内面には、ピエゾ効果を利用した圧電素子からなる振動子が固着されている。また、振動子と外殻の内面との間において、円筒状のグリッドプレートの一端が音響ゴム板の内面に接着剤で固着されている。また、振動子と外殻の内面との間において、グリッドプレートの他端がバックプレートの前端に接着剤で固着されている。また、グリッドプレートと外殻の内面との間及びグリッドプレートと振動子との間には間隙が設けられている。バックプレートは、ゴムのような材質の防振材が介挿されてボルトで外殻に結合されている。上記の構成の結果、特許文献３の水中航走体の送受波器は、振動子に伝達されるボルトの振動を低減する。 An example of a sound wave transmission / reception technique having a vibration damping property of a vibrator is disclosed in Patent Document 3. In the transducer of the underwater vehicle of Patent Document 3, the acoustic rubber plate is attached to the outer shell of the underwater vehicle head so that the outer surface is in contact with water. A vibrator made of a piezoelectric element utilizing the piezoelectric effect is fixed to the inner surface of the acoustic rubber plate. One end of the cylindrical grid plate is fixed to the inner surface of the acoustic rubber plate with an adhesive between the vibrator and the inner surface of the outer shell. Further, the other end of the grid plate is fixed to the front end of the back plate with an adhesive between the vibrator and the inner surface of the outer shell. A gap is provided between the grid plate and the inner surface of the outer shell and between the grid plate and the vibrator. The back plate is connected to the outer shell by bolts with a vibration-proof material made of rubber or the like interposed therebetween. As a result of the above configuration, the transducer of the underwater vehicle of Patent Document 3 reduces the vibration of the bolt transmitted to the vibrator.

特開２００３−２３０１８７号公報JP 2003-230187 A 特開２０１２−２０４８８６号公報JP 2012-204886 A 実開昭６１−０５０３９９号公報Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 61-050399

また、移動型音響装置では、装置特性（音響特性、制振性、密閉性等）が経年劣化しにくいことが望ましい。 In addition, in the mobile acoustic device, it is desirable that the device characteristics (acoustic properties, vibration damping properties, sealing properties, etc.) are less likely to deteriorate over time.

ところが、特許文献３の音波送受信技術では、振動子の制振性を実現するために、ゴムのような材質の防振材が使用されている。ゴム又は樹脂の材質は、金属に比べて、酸素、オゾン等による酸化、光、紫外線、薬品等による化学変化、熱による分子の切断、又は外力等の影響を受けやすい。つまり、ゴム又は樹脂の材質の部材では、酸化、化学変化、分子の切断、又は外力等により、部材の機械的特性（振動減衰率、ヤング率、体積弾性率、剛性率、硬さ、形状等）が変化する。その結果、水中航走体の送受波器の装置特性（音響特性、制振性、密閉性等）の経年劣化の程度は、ゴム又は樹脂の材質の防振材を用いることにより、ゴム又は樹脂の材質の防振材を用いない場合に比べて大きくなる。そのため、特許文献３の音波送受信技術では、水中航走体の送受波器の装置特性が経年劣化しやすいという問題点がある。
（発明の目的）
本発明の主たる目的は、密閉性及び制振性を有し且つ装置特性が経年劣化しにくい音響装置を提供することにある。 However, in the sound wave transmission / reception technique of Patent Document 3, a vibration-proof material made of rubber or the like is used in order to realize vibration damping of the vibrator. The material of rubber or resin is more susceptible to oxidation by oxygen, ozone, etc., chemical change by light, ultraviolet light, chemicals, etc., molecular cleavage by heat, or external force, etc., compared to metal. In other words, in the case of a member made of rubber or resin, mechanical properties (vibration damping factor, Young's modulus, bulk modulus, rigidity, hardness, shape, etc.) of the member due to oxidation, chemical change, molecular cutting, external force, etc. ) Will change. As a result, the degree of aged deterioration of the device characteristics (acoustic characteristics, vibration control, sealability, etc.) of the transmitter / receiver of the underwater vehicle can be reduced by using rubber or resin vibration isolator. It becomes larger than the case where the vibration isolating material of the material is not used. Therefore, the sound wave transmission / reception technology of Patent Document 3 has a problem that the device characteristics of the transducer of the underwater vehicle are likely to deteriorate over time.
(Object of invention)
A main object of the present invention is to provide an acoustic device that has hermeticity and vibration damping properties and whose device characteristics are less likely to deteriorate over time.

本発明の音波送受信装置は、電気信号を振動に変換するか、振動を電気信号に変換するか、少なくとも一方を行う、振動子と、表面で流体に接触し、裏面で振動子に密着し、振動子と流体との間で振動を伝達する音波伝導部と、一方に開口部を有する筒状の形状を有し、側面の表面又は下底面の表面において流体に接触され、開口部において音波伝導部が固着される容器と、一方の面が振動子に密着し、他方の面が容器の開口部に固着される制振合金製の第１のバックプレートと、を備えることを特徴とする。 The sound wave transmitting / receiving device of the present invention converts an electrical signal into vibration, converts vibration into an electrical signal, or at least one of them, and contacts the fluid on the surface and closely contacts the vibrator on the back surface, It has a cylindrical shape with an acoustic wave transmission part that transmits vibration between the transducer and the fluid, and an opening on one side. And a first back plate made of a damping alloy having one surface in close contact with the vibrator and the other surface fixed to the opening of the container.

本発明によれば、音響装置が密閉性及び制振性を有し且つ装置特性が経年劣化しにくいという効果がある。 ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, there exists an effect that an audio equipment has sealing property and damping property, and an apparatus characteristic does not deteriorate easily over time.

本発明の第１の実施形態の音響装置の構成の一例を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows an example of a structure of the audio equipment of the 1st Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第２の実施形態の音響装置の構成の一例を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows an example of a structure of the audio equipment of the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第３の実施形態の音響装置の構成の一例を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows an example of a structure of the audio equipment of the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第４の実施形態の音響装置の構成の一例を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows an example of a structure of the audio equipment of the 4th Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第５の実施形態の音響装置の構成の一例を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows an example of a structure of the audio equipment of the 5th Embodiment of this invention.

以下、本発明の実施形態について、図面を参照して詳細に説明する。なお、すべての図面において、同等の構成要素には同じ符号を付し、適宜説明を省略する。
（第１の実施形態）
本実施形態における構成について説明する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In all the drawings, equivalent components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted as appropriate.
(First embodiment)
A configuration in the present embodiment will be described.

図１は、本発明の第１の実施形態の音響装置１００の構成の一例を示す断面図である。 FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the configuration of the acoustic device 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

音響装置１００は、流体中に設置される。音響装置１００は、電気信号を流体中で伝播する音波に変換するか、流体中で伝播する音波を電気信号に変換するか、又はその両方を行う。音響装置１００は、移動体３２０に接続される。あるいは、音響装置１００は、移動体３２０と一体に形成されてもよい。 The acoustic device 100 is installed in a fluid. The acoustic device 100 converts an electric signal into a sound wave propagating in the fluid, converts a sound wave propagating in the fluid into an electric signal, or both. The acoustic device 100 is connected to the moving body 320. Alternatively, the acoustic device 100 may be formed integrally with the moving body 320.

音響装置１００は、振動子１１０と、音波伝導部１２０と、容器１６０と、バックプレート１５０とを含む。 The acoustic device 100 includes a vibrator 110, a sound wave conducting unit 120, a container 160, and a back plate 150.

振動子１１０は、板状の形状を有する。振動子１１０は、入力電気信号を、振動子１１０の表面における振動子１１０の表面に垂直な方向の振動に変換する、音波送信用の振動子である。あるいは、振動子１１０は、振動子１１０の表面における振動子１１０の表面に垂直な方向の振動を、出力電気信号に変換する、音波受信用の振動子である。あるいは、振動子１１０は、音波送信及び音波受信兼用の振動子である。振動子１１０は、例えば、フロントマスとリアマスと呼ばれるブロックにより挟まれた電歪振動子（圧電素子）である。また、振動子１１０は、前述のような振動子が面内に複数個配列されたものであってもよい。 The vibrator 110 has a plate shape. The vibrator 110 is a vibrator for sound wave transmission that converts an input electric signal into vibration in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the vibrator 110 on the surface of the vibrator 110. Alternatively, the vibrator 110 is a sound wave receiving vibrator that converts vibration in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the vibrator 110 on the surface of the vibrator 110 into an output electric signal. Alternatively, the vibrator 110 is a vibrator for both sound wave transmission and sound wave reception. The vibrator 110 is, for example, an electrostrictive vibrator (piezoelectric element) sandwiched between blocks called a front mass and a rear mass. Further, the vibrator 110 may be a vibrator in which a plurality of vibrators as described above are arranged in a plane.

音波伝導部１２０は、板状の形状を有する。音波伝導部１２０は、音波伝導部１２０の表面において流体に接触され、音波伝導部１２０の裏面の内側において振動子１１０の表面に密着される。音波伝導部１２０は、振動子１１０と流体との間で振動を伝達する。また、音波伝導部１２０は、振動子１１０を保護する。音波伝導部１２０は、流体と音響インピーダンスの値が近い素材である。音波伝導部１２０は、例えば、ゴム（天然ゴム、クロロプレンゴム等）製、樹脂（ウレタン樹脂等）製である。 The sonic conduction unit 120 has a plate shape. The sound wave conduction unit 120 is in contact with the fluid on the surface of the sound wave conduction unit 120 and is in close contact with the surface of the vibrator 110 inside the back surface of the sound wave conduction unit 120. The sound wave conduction unit 120 transmits vibration between the vibrator 110 and the fluid. In addition, the sound wave conduction unit 120 protects the vibrator 110. The sonic conduction unit 120 is a material having a close acoustic impedance value to the fluid. The sonic conduction unit 120 is made of rubber (natural rubber, chloroprene rubber, etc.) or resin (urethane resin, etc.), for example.

容器１６０は、開口部を有する上底面と、側面と、下底面とを含む、円筒形の形状を有する。上底面、側面、下底面はそれぞれ、表面と裏面とを含む。容器１６０は、側面の表面において流体に接触される。容器１６０は、上底面の表面において音波伝導部１２０の裏面の外側に固着される。容器１６０は、例えば、チタン、アルミニウム等の金属製である。固着面を大きくするため、上底面には円筒の内側に向けて鍔が形成されるようにする。なお、容器１６０は、下側面の表面においてのみ流体に接触してもよいし、側面の表面及び下側面の表面の両方において流体に接触してもよい。 The container 160 has a cylindrical shape including an upper bottom surface having an opening, a side surface, and a lower bottom surface. The upper bottom surface, the side surface, and the lower bottom surface each include a front surface and a back surface. Container 160 is contacted with fluid at the side surface. The container 160 is fixed to the outside of the back surface of the acoustic wave conduction unit 120 on the top bottom surface. The container 160 is made of a metal such as titanium or aluminum. In order to enlarge the fixing surface, ridges are formed on the upper bottom surface toward the inside of the cylinder. The container 160 may contact the fluid only on the lower surface, or may contact the fluid on both the side surface and the lower surface.

バックプレート１５０は、容器１６０の形状に合わせた形状の板で、制振合金製である。バックプレート１５０は、表面の内側において振動子１１０の裏面に密着され、表面の外側において容器１６０の上底面（鍔）の裏面に固着される。なお、バックプレート１５０は、振動子１１０の側に切り欠きを備え、この切り欠き部分で容器１６０の上底面（鍔）の裏面と固着さてもよい。 The back plate 150 is a plate having a shape matched to the shape of the container 160 and is made of a damping alloy. The back plate 150 is in close contact with the back surface of the vibrator 110 inside the surface, and is fixed to the back surface of the upper bottom surface (鍔) of the container 160 outside the surface. The back plate 150 may be provided with a notch on the vibrator 110 side, and the notch part may be fixed to the back surface of the upper bottom surface (鍔) of the container 160.

バックプレート１５０と容器１６０とにより形成された容器内には、内蔵部品３１０が収容される。なお、内蔵部品３１０と移動体３２０とは、バックプレート１５０と容器１６０とにより形成された容器の密閉性を保った上で、電気的、光学的、又は機械的に接続されてもよい。また、容器１６０は、バックプレート１５０と容器１６０とにより密閉容器を形成できればよく、円筒形には限定されず、断面が多角形若しくは楕円形の、筒形又は錐形等でもよい。 A built-in component 310 is accommodated in a container formed by the back plate 150 and the container 160. The built-in component 310 and the moving body 320 may be electrically, optically, or mechanically connected while maintaining the hermeticity of the container formed by the back plate 150 and the container 160. Further, the container 160 is not limited to a cylindrical shape as long as a sealed container can be formed by the back plate 150 and the container 160, and may be a cylinder or a cone having a polygonal or elliptical cross section.

次に、本実施形態における動作について説明する。 Next, the operation in this embodiment will be described.

音波伝導部１２０の裏面の外側と容器１６０の上底面の表面とが固着されるので、音波伝導部１２０と容器１６０とは、音響装置１００の周囲の流体に対して密閉された容器を形成する。つまり、音波伝導部１２０と容器１６０とから構成される容器は、周囲の流体に対する密閉性を有する。さらに、音波伝導部１２０の裏面の内側とバックプレート１５０の表面の内側とが、振動子１１０を介して密着されるので、音波伝導部１２０は外部からの圧力による変形を受けにくく、密閉性はより確実になる。 Since the outside of the back surface of the acoustic wave conduction unit 120 and the upper bottom surface of the container 160 are fixed, the acoustic wave conduction unit 120 and the container 160 form a sealed container with respect to the fluid around the acoustic device 100. . That is, the container constituted by the sonic conduction unit 120 and the container 160 has a sealing property against the surrounding fluid. Furthermore, since the inside of the back surface of the acoustic wave conduction unit 120 and the inside of the surface of the back plate 150 are in close contact with each other via the vibrator 110, the acoustic wave conduction unit 120 is not easily deformed by external pressure, and the sealing property is Become more certain.

バックプレート１５０は、容器１６０に固着される。また、バックプレート１５０は、振動子１１０に密着される。バックプレート１５０は制振合金製であるので、バックプレート１５０は振動子１１０と容器１６０との間の振動の伝導を抑制する。一方、音波伝導部１２０は、容器１６０に固着される。また、音波伝導部１２０は、振動子１１０に密着される。音波伝導部１２０はゴム又は樹脂製であるので、音波伝導部１２０は振動子１１０と容器１６０との間の振動の伝導を抑制する。つまり、音響装置１００は、容器１６０を介して伝導する振動の、振動子１１０に対する制振性を有する。なお、容器１６０を介して伝導する振動は、例えば、内蔵部品３１０や移動体３２０から発生する振動、容器１６０と周囲の流体との相互作用に起因する振動である。 The back plate 150 is fixed to the container 160. Further, the back plate 150 is in close contact with the vibrator 110. Since the back plate 150 is made of a damping alloy, the back plate 150 suppresses the conduction of vibration between the vibrator 110 and the container 160. On the other hand, the sonic conduction unit 120 is fixed to the container 160. In addition, the sound wave conduction unit 120 is in close contact with the vibrator 110. Since the sonic conduction unit 120 is made of rubber or resin, the sonic conduction unit 120 suppresses the conduction of vibration between the vibrator 110 and the container 160. That is, the acoustic device 100 has a vibration damping property for the vibrator 110 with respect to the vibration conducted through the container 160. The vibration conducted through the container 160 is, for example, vibration generated from the built-in component 310 or the moving body 320 or vibration caused by the interaction between the container 160 and the surrounding fluid.

制振合金は、振動減衰機能を有する合金である。制振合金は、例えば、「複合型制振合金」、「強磁性型制振合金」、「転移型制振合金」、又は「双晶型制振合金」である。「複合型制振合金」とは、二層混合組織の相境界での粘性流動による振動減衰機構を有する合金である。「強磁性型制振合金」とは、応力を緩和する方向に磁区が回転することによる振動減衰機構を有する合金である。「転位型制振合金」とは、合金中の転位と不純物原子との相互作用による振動減衰機構を有する合金である。「双晶型制振合金」とは、外形変形時の歪を緩和するすべり及び双晶変形による振動減衰機構を有する合金である。 The damping alloy is an alloy having a vibration damping function. The damping alloy is, for example, “composite damping alloy”, “ferromagnetic damping alloy”, “transition damping alloy”, or “twinned damping alloy”. “Composite damping alloy” is an alloy having a vibration damping mechanism by viscous flow at the phase boundary of a two-layer mixed structure. A “ferromagnetic damping alloy” is an alloy having a vibration damping mechanism by rotating a magnetic domain in a direction to relieve stress. A “dislocation-type damping alloy” is an alloy having a vibration damping mechanism based on the interaction between dislocations and impurity atoms in the alloy. A “twin-type damping alloy” is an alloy having a slip damping mechanism during deformation of the outer shape and a vibration damping mechanism due to twin deformation.

制振合金は、ゴム又は樹脂の材質の防振材に比べて、酸素、オゾン等による酸化、光、紫外線、薬品等による化学変化、熱等による分子の切断、又は外力等による機械的特性（振動減衰率、形状等）の変化を受けにくい。音響装置１００の装置特性（音響特性、制振性、密閉性等）は、バックプレート１５０の機械的特性に依存する。例えば、音響装置１００の制振性は、バックプレート１５０の振動減衰率に依存する。また、例えば、音響装置１００の密閉性は、バックプレート１５０の形状に依存する。そのため、本実施形態の音響装置１００の装置特性の経年劣化の程度は、ゴム又は樹脂の材質の防振材が用いられる場合に比べて小さい。 Damping alloys have mechanical properties due to oxidation by oxygen, ozone, etc., chemical changes by light, ultraviolet rays, chemicals, etc., cutting of molecules by heat, etc., or external force, etc. Less susceptible to changes in vibration damping rate, shape, etc. The device characteristics of the acoustic device 100 (acoustic properties, vibration damping properties, sealing properties, etc.) depend on the mechanical properties of the back plate 150. For example, the vibration damping property of the acoustic device 100 depends on the vibration attenuation rate of the back plate 150. For example, the sealing property of the acoustic device 100 depends on the shape of the back plate 150. For this reason, the degree of deterioration over time of the device characteristics of the acoustic device 100 of the present embodiment is smaller than that in the case where a vibration-proof material made of rubber or resin is used.

以上説明したように、本実施形態の音響装置１００では、バックプレート１５０と容器１６０とから構成される容器が密閉性を有する。また、本実施形態の音響装置１００では、バックプレート１５０に、制振合金が使用される。そのため、音響装置１００は、制振性を有する。また、制振合金は、ゴム又は樹脂の材質の防振材に比べて、酸化、化学変化、分子の切断、又は外力等による機械的特性の変化を受けにくい。その結果、本実施形態の音響装置１００の装置特性の経年劣化の程度は、ゴム又は樹脂の材質の防振材が用いられる場合に比べて小さい。従って、本実施形態の音響装置１００には、密閉性及び制振性を有し且つ装置特性が経年劣化しにくいという効果がある。 As described above, in the acoustic device 100 of the present embodiment, the container composed of the back plate 150 and the container 160 has airtightness. In the acoustic device 100 of the present embodiment, a vibration damping alloy is used for the back plate 150. Therefore, the acoustic device 100 has vibration damping properties. In addition, the damping alloy is less susceptible to changes in mechanical properties due to oxidation, chemical change, molecular cutting, external force, or the like, compared to a rubber or resin vibration-proof material. As a result, the degree of aging degradation of the device characteristics of the acoustic device 100 of the present embodiment is smaller than that in the case where a vibration isolating material made of rubber or resin is used. Therefore, the acoustic device 100 according to the present embodiment has an effect that it has a sealing property and a vibration damping property, and the device characteristics hardly deteriorate over time.

また、本実施形態の音響装置１００には、装置特性が経年劣化しにくいので、装置の使用可能期間が長く、また長期保管が容易であるという効果がある。 In addition, the acoustic device 100 according to the present embodiment has an effect that the device characteristics are not easily deteriorated over time, and thus the usable period of the device is long and long-term storage is easy.

また、移動型音響装置では、移動型音響装置内と周囲の流体との間の、圧力（水圧、気圧等）の差が所定の基準値より大きい場合にも、密閉性が保たれること（以下、「耐圧性」という）が望ましい。本実施形態の音響装置１００では、バックプレート１５０に、制振合金が使用される。制振合金は、ゴム又は樹脂の材質の防振材に比べて、ヤング率及び剛性率が高い。つまり、制振合金は、高圧下での変形が小さい。従って、本実施形態の音響装置１００には、耐圧性が高いという効果がある。 Further, in the mobile acoustic device, the sealing performance is maintained even when the difference in pressure (water pressure, atmospheric pressure, etc.) between the mobile acoustic device and the surrounding fluid is larger than a predetermined reference value ( Hereinafter, “pressure resistance” is desirable. In the acoustic device 100 of the present embodiment, a damping alloy is used for the back plate 150. The vibration damping alloy has a higher Young's modulus and rigidity than a rubber or resin vibration-proof material. That is, the vibration damping alloy has a small deformation under high pressure. Therefore, the acoustic device 100 of the present embodiment has an effect that the pressure resistance is high.

また、振動子１１０では外部から加えられる圧力により音響特性（周波数特性、感度等）が変化する。そこで、移動型音響装置では、移動型音響装置内と周囲の流体との間の、圧力の差が所定の基準値より大きい場合にも、振動子１１０に加えられる圧力が一定に保たれることが望ましい。本実施形態の音響装置１００では、振動子１１０はバックプレート１５０により保持され、バックプレート１５０には制振合金が使用される。制振合金は高圧下での変形が小さいので、振動子１１０に加えられる圧力の変動は小さい。従って、本実施形態の音響装置１００には、振動子に加えられる圧力が一定の範囲内に保たれるという効果がある。 In the vibrator 110, acoustic characteristics (frequency characteristics, sensitivity, etc.) change due to externally applied pressure. Therefore, in the mobile acoustic device, the pressure applied to the vibrator 110 is kept constant even when the difference in pressure between the mobile acoustic device and the surrounding fluid is larger than a predetermined reference value. Is desirable. In the acoustic device 100 of the present embodiment, the vibrator 110 is held by the back plate 150, and a damping alloy is used for the back plate 150. Since the damping alloy has a small deformation under high pressure, the fluctuation of the pressure applied to the vibrator 110 is small. Therefore, the acoustic device 100 of the present embodiment has an effect that the pressure applied to the vibrator is kept within a certain range.

また、本実施形態の音響装置１００では、耐圧性が高いので、装置内外の圧力差が大きい環境においても、装置の変形に起因する、装置特性の劣化が少ないという効果がある。 In addition, since the acoustic device 100 according to the present embodiment has high pressure resistance, there is an effect that there is little deterioration in device characteristics due to deformation of the device even in an environment where the pressure difference inside and outside the device is large.

また、移動型音響装置では、装置が小型化されることが望ましい。本実施形態の音響装置１００では、バックプレート１５０に、制振合金が使用される。制振合金は、ゴム又は樹脂の材質の防振材に比べて、ヤング率及び剛性率が高い。つまり、制振合金は、単位体積当たりの耐荷重性が高い。従って、本実施形態の音響装置１００には、小型化が可能であるという効果がある。 Further, in the mobile acoustic device, it is desirable that the device is miniaturized. In the acoustic device 100 of the present embodiment, a damping alloy is used for the back plate 150. The vibration damping alloy has a higher Young's modulus and rigidity than a rubber or resin vibration-proof material. That is, the damping alloy has a high load resistance per unit volume. Therefore, the acoustic device 100 of the present embodiment has an effect that the size can be reduced.

また、移動型音響装置では、移動型音響装置の装置特性を実現するための高精度な加工が容易であること（以下、「加工容易性」という）が望ましい。本実施形態の音響装置１００では、バックプレート１５０に、制振合金が使用される。制振合金は、ゴム又は樹脂の材質の防振材に比べて、剛性率が高い。つまり、制振合金は、加工（せん断等）時の変形が小さい。従って、本実施形態の音響装置１００には、加工精度が高いという効果がある。 In addition, it is desirable that the mobile acoustic device be easy to process with high accuracy for realizing the device characteristics of the mobile acoustic device (hereinafter referred to as “ease of processing”). In the acoustic device 100 of the present embodiment, a damping alloy is used for the back plate 150. The vibration damping alloy has a higher rigidity than that of a rubber or resin material. That is, the damping alloy has a small deformation during processing (shearing or the like). Therefore, the acoustic device 100 of the present embodiment has an effect that the processing accuracy is high.

また、本実施形態の音響装置１００では、加工精度が高いので、製造時の装置の調整に要する工数が少ないという効果がある。製造時の音響装置１００の調整には、例えば、振動子１１０とバックプレート１５０との間の圧力調整が含まれる。 In addition, since the acoustic device 100 according to the present embodiment has high processing accuracy, there is an effect that the number of steps required for adjusting the device at the time of manufacture is small. Adjustment of the acoustic device 100 at the time of manufacturing includes, for example, pressure adjustment between the vibrator 110 and the back plate 150.

また、本実施形態の音響装置１００では、加工精度が高いので、特定周波数の振動の遮断性が高い等の、音響性能が高いという効果がある。例えば、音響装置１００の特定周波数の振動の遮断性は、バックプレート１５０の寸法に依存する。 In addition, the acoustic device 100 according to the present embodiment has an effect that the acoustic performance is high, such as high blocking performance of vibration at a specific frequency because the processing accuracy is high. For example, the isolation property of the vibration of the specific frequency of the acoustic device 100 depends on the size of the back plate 150.

また、制振合金は、ゴム又は樹脂の材質の防振材に比べて、幅広い温度又は圧力の環境下において所定の制振性が維持される。従って、本実施形態の音響装置１００には、使用可能な温度又は圧力の範囲が広いという効果がある。 In addition, the vibration damping alloy maintains a predetermined vibration damping property in a wide range of temperature or pressure environments as compared with a rubber or resin vibration damping material. Therefore, the acoustic device 100 of the present embodiment has an effect that the usable temperature or pressure range is wide.

また、制振合金は、ゴム又は樹脂の材質の防振材に比べて、高い周波数領域において制振性が高い。従って、本実施形態の音響装置１００には、高い周波数領域において制振性が高いという効果がある。 Further, the vibration damping alloy has a high vibration damping property in a high frequency range as compared with a rubber or resin vibration damping material. Therefore, the acoustic device 100 according to the present embodiment has an effect of high vibration damping in a high frequency region.

なお、第１の実施形態のバックプレートは、振動子とバックプレートとの間に挿入されるスペーサと、バックプレートとに分離されてもよい。さらに、スペーサは、多層構造を有してもよい。 Note that the back plate of the first embodiment may be separated into a spacer inserted between the vibrator and the back plate, and the back plate. Furthermore, the spacer may have a multilayer structure.

また、第１の実施形態の音響装置１００では、振動子とバックプレートとの間に、振動子に掛かる圧力を調整するためのペーパが挿入されてもよい。 In the acoustic device 100 according to the first embodiment, paper for adjusting the pressure applied to the vibrator may be inserted between the vibrator and the back plate.

また、第１の実施形態のバックプレートは、多層構造を有してもよい。
（第２の実施形態）
次に、上述した第１の実施形態の音響装置を基本とする、本発明の第２の実施形態の音響装置について説明する。本実施形態の音響装置では、第１の実施形態のバックプレートが、スペーサとバックプレートとに分離されている。以下の説明において、第１の実施形態と同等の構成要素には同じ符号を付し、適宜説明を省略する。 The back plate of the first embodiment may have a multilayer structure.
(Second Embodiment)
Next, the acoustic device according to the second embodiment of the present invention based on the acoustic device according to the first embodiment described above will be described. In the acoustic device of the present embodiment, the back plate of the first embodiment is separated into a spacer and a back plate. In the following description, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted as appropriate.

本実施形態における構成について説明する。 A configuration in the present embodiment will be described.

図２は、本発明の第２の実施形態の音響装置１０５の構成の一例を示す断面図である。 FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the configuration of the acoustic device 105 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

音響装置１０５は、第１の実施形態の音響装置１００の構成において、バックプレート１５０が、バックプレート１５５とスペーサ１３０に置き換えられている。 In the acoustic device 105, the back plate 150 is replaced with a back plate 155 and a spacer 130 in the configuration of the acoustic device 100 of the first embodiment.

バックプレート１５５又はスペーサ１３０は、制振合金製である。バックプレート１５５又はスペーサ１３０のいずれか一方が制振合金製で、他方は制振合金製、又は金属、セラミック等のヤング率及び剛性率が高い素材である。バックプレート１５５及びスペーサ１３０の両方が、制振合金製であってもよい。音響装置１０５の他の構成は、本発明の第１の実施形態の音響装置１００の構成と同じである。 The back plate 155 or the spacer 130 is made of a damping alloy. Either the back plate 155 or the spacer 130 is made of a vibration damping alloy, and the other is made of a vibration damping alloy or a material having a high Young's modulus and rigidity such as a metal or ceramic. Both the back plate 155 and the spacer 130 may be made of a damping alloy. Other configurations of the acoustic device 105 are the same as the configurations of the acoustic device 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

バックプレート１５５とスペーサ１３０とが密着された部材は第１の実施形態のバックプレート１５０と同じ形状を有するので、音響装置１０５は周囲の流体からの圧力に対する耐圧性を有する。 Since the member in which the back plate 155 and the spacer 130 are in close contact with each other has the same shape as the back plate 150 of the first embodiment, the acoustic device 105 has pressure resistance against pressure from the surrounding fluid.

バックプレート１５５又はスペーサ１３０の少なくとも一方は制振合金製であるので、バックプレート１５５とスペーサ１３０とが密着された部材は、振動子１１０に対する制振性を有する。 Since at least one of the back plate 155 and the spacer 130 is made of a vibration damping alloy, the member in which the back plate 155 and the spacer 130 are in close contact with each other has vibration damping properties for the vibrator 110.

バックプレート１５５又はスペーサ１３０の一方は制振合金製で、他方は制振合金製、又は金属、セラミック等のヤング率及び剛性率が高い素材であるので、音響装置１０５は周囲の流体からの圧力に対する耐圧性を有する。 Since one of the back plate 155 and the spacer 130 is made of a vibration damping alloy and the other is made of a vibration damping alloy, or a material having a high Young's modulus and rigidity, such as metal or ceramic, the acoustic device 105 is pressured from the surrounding fluid. Withstand pressure.

例えば、スペーサ１３０は制振合金製で、バックプレート１５５は金属製であってもよい。この場合には、スペーサ１３０は音響装置１０５に耐圧性及び制振性を与え、バックプレート１５５は音響装置１０５に耐圧性を与える。 For example, the spacer 130 may be made of a damping alloy and the back plate 155 may be made of metal. In this case, the spacer 130 gives pressure resistance and vibration damping to the acoustic device 105, and the back plate 155 gives pressure resistance to the acoustic device 105.

以上説明したように、本実施形態の音響装置１０５では、バックプレートとスペーサとが分離されている。また、バックプレート１５５又はスペーサ１３０は、制振合金からなる。従って、本実施形態の音響装置１０５には、本発明の第１の実施形態の音響装置１００の効果に加えて、バックプレート１５５とスペーサ１３０とで異なる材質の材料を使用することができるという効果がある。 As described above, in the acoustic device 105 of the present embodiment, the back plate and the spacer are separated. Further, the back plate 155 or the spacer 130 is made of a damping alloy. Therefore, in addition to the effect of the acoustic device 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the acoustic device 105 according to the present embodiment can use different materials for the back plate 155 and the spacer 130. There is.

また、本実施形態の音響装置１０５では、バックプレート１５５又はスペーサ１３０のいずれか一方に制振合金が使用されてもよい。従って、本実施形態の音響装置１０５には、制振合金の使用量を削減することができるので、製造コストが安いという効果がある。 In the acoustic device 105 of the present embodiment, a vibration damping alloy may be used for either the back plate 155 or the spacer 130. Therefore, the acoustic device 105 of the present embodiment has an effect that the manufacturing cost is low because the amount of the damping alloy used can be reduced.

また、本実施形態の音響装置１０５では、バックプレート１５５又はスペーサ１３０に制振合金が使用される。多層化された制振材では、単層の制振材に比べて、振動減衰率が向上することが知られている。従って、本実施形態の音響装置１０５には、第１の実施形態の音響装置１００に比べて、制振性が高いという効果がある。
（第３の実施形態）
次に、上述した第１の実施形態の音響装置を基本とする、本発明の第３の実施形態の音響装置について説明する。本実施形態の音響装置では、第１の実施形態のバックプレートが、ペーパとバックプレートとに分離されている。以下の説明において、第１の実施形態と同等の構成要素には同じ符号を付し、適宜説明を省略する。 Further, in the acoustic device 105 of the present embodiment, a damping alloy is used for the back plate 155 or the spacer 130. It is known that a vibration damping material having a multilayer structure has an improved vibration damping rate compared to a single-layer vibration damping material. Therefore, the acoustic device 105 of the present embodiment has an effect that the vibration damping performance is higher than that of the acoustic device 100 of the first embodiment.
(Third embodiment)
Next, an acoustic device according to a third embodiment of the present invention based on the acoustic device according to the first embodiment described above will be described. In the acoustic device of this embodiment, the back plate of the first embodiment is separated into a paper and a back plate. In the following description, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted as appropriate.

図３は、本発明の第３の実施形態の音響装置１０６の構成の一例を示す断面図である。 FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the configuration of the acoustic device 106 according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

音響装置１０６は、第１の実施形態の音響装置１００の構成において、バックプレート１５０が、バックプレート１５６とペーパ１４０に置き換えられている。 In the acoustic device 106, the back plate 150 is replaced with the back plate 156 and the paper 140 in the configuration of the acoustic device 100 of the first embodiment.

バックプレート１５６は、制振合金製である。 The back plate 156 is made of a vibration damping alloy.

ペーパ１４０は、振動子１１０とバックプレート１５６の間に挿入される。ペーパ１４０は、１枚以上のシートが積み重ねられたものである。シートは、例えば、ＯＳペーパである。あるいは、シートは、厚みが０．１ｍｍ以下の、劣化しにくい、紙製、樹脂製等のシートであってもよい。音響装置１０６の他の構成は、本発明の第１の実施形態の音響装置１００の構成と同じである。 The paper 140 is inserted between the vibrator 110 and the back plate 156. The paper 140 is a stack of one or more sheets. The sheet is, for example, OS paper. Alternatively, the sheet may be a sheet made of paper or resin that has a thickness of 0.1 mm or less and hardly deteriorates. The other configuration of the acoustic device 106 is the same as the configuration of the acoustic device 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

振動子１１０は、与えられる圧力によって特性が変化するので、所定の範囲の圧力が与えられる必要がある。ペーパ１４０の厚みは、積み重ねられるシートの枚数を変化させることにより、変化させられる。そこで、振動子１１０に所定の範囲の圧力が与えられるように、ペーパ１４０の厚みが決定される。 Since the characteristics of the vibrator 110 change depending on the applied pressure, it is necessary to apply a pressure within a predetermined range. The thickness of the paper 140 can be changed by changing the number of sheets stacked. Therefore, the thickness of the paper 140 is determined so that a predetermined range of pressure is applied to the vibrator 110.

バックプレート１５６とペーパ１４０とが密着された部材は第１の実施形態のバックプレート１５０と同じ形状を有するので、音響装置１０６は周囲の流体からの圧力に対する耐圧性を有する。 Since the member in which the back plate 156 and the paper 140 are in close contact with each other has the same shape as the back plate 150 of the first embodiment, the acoustic device 106 has pressure resistance against pressure from the surrounding fluid.

バックプレート１５６は制振合金製であるので、バックプレート１５６とペーパ１４０とが密着された部材は、振動子１１０に対する制振性を有する。 Since the back plate 156 is made of a damping alloy, the member in which the back plate 156 and the paper 140 are in close contact with each other has a damping property for the vibrator 110.

バックプレート１５５は制振合金製であるので、音響装置１０６は周囲の流体からの圧力に対する耐圧性を有する。 Since the back plate 155 is made of a damping alloy, the acoustic device 106 has pressure resistance against pressure from the surrounding fluid.

以上説明したように、本実施形態の音響装置１０６では、振動子１１０が音波伝導部１２０に適切な圧力を受けて密着されるようにペーパ１４０の厚みを変えることができる。従って、本実施形態の音響装置１０５には、本発明の第１の実施形態の音響装置１００の効果に加えて、音響装置１０５の製造時の調整において、振動子１１０に掛かる圧力の調整が容易であるという効果がある。 As described above, in the acoustic device 106 according to the present embodiment, the thickness of the paper 140 can be changed so that the vibrator 110 is in close contact with the sound wave conduction unit 120 by receiving an appropriate pressure. Therefore, in the acoustic device 105 of the present embodiment, in addition to the effects of the acoustic device 100 of the first embodiment of the present invention, it is easy to adjust the pressure applied to the vibrator 110 in the adjustment at the time of manufacturing the acoustic device 105. There is an effect that.

また、本実施形態の音響装置１０５では、振動子１１０に掛かる圧力の調整が容易であので、音響装置１０５の製造時の調整に要する工数が少ないという効果がある。
（第４の実施形態）
次に、上述した第２の実施形態の音響装置を基本とする、本発明の第４の実施形態の音響装置について説明する。本実施形態の音響装置では、スペーサが多層構造を有する。以下の説明において、第２の実施形態と同等の構成要素には同じ符号を付し、適宜説明を省略する。 Further, in the acoustic device 105 of the present embodiment, since the pressure applied to the vibrator 110 can be easily adjusted, there is an effect that the number of steps required for adjustment at the time of manufacturing the acoustic device 105 is small.
(Fourth embodiment)
Next, an acoustic device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention based on the acoustic device according to the second embodiment described above will be described. In the acoustic device of the present embodiment, the spacer has a multilayer structure. In the following description, the same components as those in the second embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted as appropriate.

図４は、本発明の第４の実施形態の音響装置１０７の構成の一例を示す断面図である。 FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the configuration of the acoustic device 107 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

音響装置１０７は、第２の実施形態の音響装置１０５の構成において、１枚のスペーサ１３０が、多層のスペーサ１７０、１８０、１９０に置き換えられている。多層のスペーサ１７０、１８０、１９０のいずれか１つ以上は、制振合金製である。なお、３層のスペーサの場合を例示したが、本実施形態のスペーサは多層であればよく、３層には限定されない。音響装置１０７の他の構成は、本発明の第２の実施形態の音響装置１０５の構成と同じである。 In the acoustic device 107, the single spacer 130 is replaced with multilayer spacers 170, 180, and 190 in the configuration of the acoustic device 105 of the second embodiment. Any one or more of the multilayer spacers 170, 180, 190 are made of a damping alloy. In addition, although the case of the spacer of 3 layers was illustrated, the spacer of this embodiment should just be a multilayer, and is not limited to 3 layers. Other configurations of the acoustic device 107 are the same as the configurations of the acoustic device 105 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

バックプレート１５５と、スペーサ１９０、１８０、１７０とが密着された部材は第２の実施形態のスペーサ１３０と同じ形状を有するので、音響装置１０７は周囲の流体からの圧力に対する耐圧性を有する。 Since the member to which the back plate 155 and the spacers 190, 180, and 170 are in close contact has the same shape as the spacer 130 of the second embodiment, the acoustic device 107 has pressure resistance against pressure from the surrounding fluid.

スペーサ１７０、１８０、１９０の少なくともいずれか１つは制振合金製であるので、バックプレート１５５とスペーサ１７０、１８０、１９０とが密着された部材は、振動子１１０に対する制振性を有する。 Since at least one of the spacers 170, 180, and 190 is made of a vibration damping alloy, the member in which the back plate 155 and the spacers 170, 180, and 190 are in close contact with each other has vibration damping properties with respect to the vibrator 110.

スペーサ１７０、１８０、１９０の少なくともいずれか１つ、又はバックプレート１５５は、制振合金製、又は金属、セラミック等のヤング率及び剛性率が高い素材であるので、音響装置１０７は周囲の流体からの圧力に対する耐圧性を有する。 Since at least one of the spacers 170, 180, and 190 or the back plate 155 is made of a vibration-damping alloy or a material having a high Young's modulus and rigidity such as metal or ceramic, the acoustic device 107 is separated from the surrounding fluid. It has pressure resistance against the pressure.

以上説明したように、本実施形態の音響装置１０７では、スペーサが多層構造を有する。また、スペーサは、制振合金からなる層と金属、セラミック、弾性体等からなる層とを含む。従って、本実施形態の音響装置１０７には、本発明の第２の実施形態の音響装置１０５の効果に加えて、制振合金の使用量を削減することができるという効果がある。 As described above, in the acoustic device 107 of this embodiment, the spacer has a multilayer structure. The spacer includes a layer made of a damping alloy and a layer made of metal, ceramic, elastic body, or the like. Therefore, in addition to the effect of the acoustic device 105 according to the second embodiment of the present invention, the acoustic device 107 according to the present embodiment has an effect that the amount of the damping alloy used can be reduced.

また、本実施形態の音響装置１０７には、制振合金の使用量を削減することができるので、製造コストが安いという効果がある。 In addition, the acoustic device 107 of the present embodiment has an effect that the manufacturing cost is low because the amount of the damping alloy used can be reduced.

また、多層化された制振材では、単層の制振材に比べて、振動減衰率が向上することが知られている。従って、本実施形態の音響装置１０７には、第２の実施形態の音響装置１０５に比べて、制振性が高いという効果がある。
（第５の実施形態）
次に、上述した第１の実施形態の音響装置を基本とする、本発明の第５の実施形態の音響装置について説明する。本実施形態の音響装置では、バックプレートが多層構造を有する。以下の説明において、第１の実施形態と同等の構成要素には同じ符号を付し、適宜説明を省略する。 In addition, it is known that the vibration damping rate of a multilayered damping material is improved as compared with a single-layer damping material. Therefore, the acoustic device 107 of the present embodiment has an effect that the vibration damping property is higher than that of the acoustic device 105 of the second embodiment.
(Fifth embodiment)
Next, the acoustic device according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention based on the acoustic device according to the first embodiment described above will be described. In the acoustic device of the present embodiment, the back plate has a multilayer structure. In the following description, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted as appropriate.

図５は、本発明の第５の実施形態の音響装置１０８の構成の一例を示す断面図である。 FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the configuration of the acoustic device 108 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

音響装置１０８は、第１の実施形態の音響装置１００の構成において、１枚のバックプレート１５０が、多層のバックプレート部品２００、２１０、２２０に置き換えられている。多層のバックプレート部品２００、２１０、２２０のいずれか１つ以上は制振合金製であり、その他は金属、セラミック等のヤング率及び剛性率が高い素材である。なお、３層のバックプレート部品の場合を例示したが、本実施形態のバックプレートは多層であればよく、３層には限定されない。音響装置１０８の他の構成は、本発明の第１の実施形態の音響装置１００の構成と同じである。 In the configuration of the acoustic device 100 according to the first embodiment, the acoustic device 108 has a single back plate 150 replaced with multilayer back plate components 200, 210, and 220. Any one or more of the multi-layer back plate parts 200, 210, and 220 are made of a vibration damping alloy, and the other is a material having a high Young's modulus and high rigidity such as a metal or ceramic. In addition, although the case of the three-layer back plate component is illustrated, the back plate of the present embodiment may be a multilayer and is not limited to the three layers. The other configuration of the acoustic device 108 is the same as the configuration of the acoustic device 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

バックプレート部品２００、２１０、２２０が密着された部材は第１の実施形態のバックプレート１５０と同じ形状を有するので、音響装置１０８は周囲の流体からの圧力に対する耐圧性を有する。 Since the member to which the back plate components 200, 210, and 220 are in close contact has the same shape as the back plate 150 of the first embodiment, the acoustic device 108 has pressure resistance against pressure from the surrounding fluid.

バックプレート部品２００、２１０、２２０の少なくともいずれか１つは制振合金製であるので、バックプレート部品２００、２１０、２２０が密着された部材は、振動子１１０に対する制振性を有する。 Since at least one of the back plate components 200, 210, and 220 is made of a vibration damping alloy, the member to which the back plate components 200, 210, and 220 are in close contact has vibration damping properties for the vibrator 110.

バックプレート部品２００、２１０、２２０の少なくともいずれか１つは制振合金製であり、他のバックプレート部品は制振合金製、又は金属、セラミック等のヤング率及び剛性率が高い素材であるので、音響装置１０８は周囲の流体からの圧力に対する耐圧性を有する。 At least one of the back plate parts 200, 210, and 220 is made of a vibration damping alloy, and the other back plate parts are made of a vibration damping alloy or a material having a high Young's modulus and rigidity such as metal or ceramic. The acoustic device 108 has pressure resistance against pressure from the surrounding fluid.

例えば、バックプレート部品２００、２２０は制振合金製で、バックプレート部品２１０は金属製であってもよい。この場合には、バックプレート部品２００、２２０は音響装置１０８に耐圧性及び制振性を与え、バックプレート部品２１０は音響装置１０８に耐圧性を与える。 For example, the back plate parts 200 and 220 may be made of a damping alloy, and the back plate part 210 may be made of metal. In this case, the back plate components 200 and 220 give the sound device 108 pressure resistance and vibration damping properties, and the back plate component 210 gives the sound device 108 pressure resistance.

以上説明したように、本実施形態の音響装置１０８では、バックプレートが多層構造を有する。また、バックプレートは、制振合金からなる層と、金属、セラミック等のヤング率及び剛性率が高い素材からなる層とを含む。従って、本実施形態の音響装置１０８には、本発明の第１の実施形態の音響装置１００の効果に加えて、制振合金の使用量を削減することができるという効果がある。 As described above, in the acoustic device 108 of this embodiment, the back plate has a multilayer structure. The back plate includes a layer made of a damping alloy and a layer made of a material having a high Young's modulus and rigidity such as metal and ceramic. Therefore, in addition to the effect of the acoustic device 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the acoustic device 108 according to the present embodiment has an effect that the amount of the damping alloy used can be reduced.

また、本実施形態の音響装置１０８には、制振合金の使用量を削減することができるので、製造コストが安いという効果がある。 In addition, the acoustic device 108 of the present embodiment has an effect that the manufacturing cost is low because the amount of the damping alloy used can be reduced.

また、多層化された制振材では、単層の制振材に比べて、振動減衰率が向上することが知られている。従って、本実施形態の音響装置１０８には、第１の実施形態の音響装置１００に比べて、制振性が高いという効果がある。 In addition, it is known that the vibration damping rate of a multilayered damping material is improved as compared with a single-layer damping material. Therefore, the acoustic device 108 according to the present embodiment has an effect that the vibration damping performance is higher than that of the acoustic device 100 according to the first embodiment.

以上、実施形態を参照して本願発明を説明したが、本願発明は上記実施形態に限定されものではない。本願発明の構成や詳細には、本願発明のスコープ内で当業者が理解し得る様々な変更をすることができる。 Although the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes that can be understood by those skilled in the art can be made to the configuration and details of the present invention within the scope of the present invention.

本発明は、水中航走体、潜水艇、船舶等における、振動子を有する水中音響機器において、利用できる。 The present invention can be used in an underwater acoustic device having a vibrator in an underwater vehicle, a submersible, a ship, or the like.

１００、１０５、１０６、１０７、１０８音響装置
１１０振動子
１２０音波伝導部
１３０、１７０、１８０、１９０スペーサ
１４０ペーパ
１５０、１５５、１５６バックプレート
１６０容器
２００、２１０、２２０バックプレート部品
３１０内蔵部品
３２０移動体 100, 105, 106, 107, 108 Acoustic device 110 Vibrator 120 Sonic conduction part 130, 170, 180, 190 Spacer 140 Paper 150, 155, 156 Back plate 160 Container 200, 210, 220 Back plate component 310 Built-in component 320 Movement body

Claims

A transducer that converts at least one of an electrical signal to vibration, a vibration to electrical signal, and
A sound wave conduction unit that contacts the fluid on the front surface, adheres to the vibrator on the back surface, and transmits vibration between the vibrator and the fluid;
A container having a cylindrical shape having an opening on one side, in contact with the fluid on the surface of the side surface or the surface of the lower bottom surface, and the acoustic conduction portion is fixed in the opening;
A first back plate made of a damping alloy with one surface closely contacting the vibrator and the other surface fixed to the opening of the container;
An acoustic device comprising:

The first back plate includes a first spacer and a second back plate that are in close contact with each other, and at least one of the first spacer or the second back plate is made of a damping alloy. The acoustic device according to claim 1.

The acoustic device according to claim 1, wherein the first back plate includes a paper and a third back plate made of a damping alloy that are in close contact with each other.

The acoustic device according to claim 1, wherein the first back plate includes paper in close contact with each other, a second spacer made of a damping alloy, and a fourth back plate.

The acoustic device according to claim 1, wherein the first back plate includes paper, a third spacer, and a fifth back plate made of a damping alloy that are in close contact with each other.

A transducer that converts at least one of an electrical signal into vibration, a vibration into electrical signal, and
A sound wave conduction unit that contacts the fluid on the front surface, adheres to the vibrator on the back surface, and transmits vibration between the vibrator and the fluid;
A container having a cylindrical shape having an opening on one side, in contact with the fluid on the surface of the side surface or the surface of the lower bottom surface, and the acoustic conduction portion is fixed in the opening;
A first back plate made of a damping alloy having one surface closely attached to the vibrator and the other surface fixed to the opening of the container;
With
The first back plate includes a first spacer and a second back plate that are in close contact with each other, and at least one of the first spacer or the second back plate is made of a damping alloy,
Said first space Sa, a layer and a metal damping alloy, a ceramic, or an acoustic device having a multilayer structure comprising a layer of the elastic body.

  A transducer that converts at least one of an electrical signal to vibration, a vibration to electrical signal, and
  A sound wave conduction unit that contacts the fluid on the front surface, adheres to the vibrator on the back surface, and transmits vibration between the vibrator and the fluid;
  A container having a cylindrical shape having an opening on one side, in contact with the fluid on the surface of the side surface or the surface of the lower bottom surface, and the acoustic conduction portion is fixed in the opening;
  A first back plate made of a damping alloy having one surface closely attached to the vibrator and the other surface fixed to the opening of the container;
With
  The first back plate includes paper closely adhered to each other, a second spacer made of a damping alloy, and a fourth back plate.
  The second spacer has a multilayer structure including a damping alloy layer and a metal, ceramic, or elastic layer.
Acoustic device.

  A transducer that converts at least one of an electrical signal to vibration, a vibration to electrical signal, and
  A sound wave conduction unit that contacts the fluid on the front surface, adheres to the vibrator on the back surface, and transmits vibration between the vibrator and the fluid;
  A container having a cylindrical shape having an opening on one side, in contact with the fluid on the surface of the side surface or the surface of the lower bottom surface, and the acoustic conduction portion is fixed in the opening;
  A first back plate made of a damping alloy having one surface closely attached to the vibrator and the other surface fixed to the opening of the container;
With
  The first back plate includes paper that is in close contact with each other, a third spacer, and a fifth back plate made of a damping alloy,
  The third spacer has a multilayer structure including a damping alloy layer and a metal, ceramic, or elastic layer.
Acoustic device.

A transducer that converts at least one of an electrical signal to vibration, a vibration to electrical signal, and
A sound wave conduction unit that contacts the fluid on the front surface, adheres to the vibrator on the back surface, and transmits vibration between the vibrator and the fluid;
A container having a cylindrical shape having an opening on one side, in contact with the fluid on the surface of the side surface or the surface of the lower bottom surface, and the acoustic conduction portion is fixed in the opening;
A first back plate made of a damping alloy having one surface closely attached to the vibrator and the other surface fixed to the opening of the container;
With
Said first back plates are that having a multilayer structure comprising a layer and a metal or ceramic layer of damping alloy
Acoustic equipment.

  A transducer that converts at least one of an electrical signal to vibration, a vibration to electrical signal, and
  A sound wave conduction unit that contacts the fluid on the front surface, adheres to the vibrator on the back surface, and transmits vibration between the vibrator and the fluid;
  A container having a cylindrical shape having an opening on one side, in contact with the fluid on the surface of the side surface or the surface of the lower bottom surface, and the acoustic conduction portion is fixed in the opening;
  A first back plate made of a damping alloy having one surface closely attached to the vibrator and the other surface fixed to the opening of the container;
With
  The first back plate includes a first spacer and a second back plate that are in close contact with each other, and at least one of the first spacer or the second back plate is made of a damping alloy,
  The second back plate has a multilayer structure including a damping alloy layer and a metal or ceramic layer.
Acoustic device.

  A transducer that converts at least one of an electrical signal to vibration, a vibration to electrical signal, and
  A sound wave conduction unit that contacts the fluid on the front surface, adheres to the vibrator on the back surface, and transmits vibration between the vibrator and the fluid;
  A container having a cylindrical shape having an opening on one side, in contact with the fluid on the surface of the side surface or the surface of the lower bottom surface, and the acoustic conduction portion is fixed in the opening;
  A first back plate made of a damping alloy having one surface closely attached to the vibrator and the other surface fixed to the opening of the container;
With
  The first back plate includes a paper and a third back plate made of a damping alloy that are in close contact with each other;
  The third back plate has a multilayer structure including a damping alloy layer and a metal or ceramic layer.
Acoustic device.

  A transducer that converts at least one of an electrical signal into vibration, a vibration into electrical signal, and
  A sound wave conduction unit that contacts the fluid on the front surface, adheres to the vibrator on the back surface, and transmits vibration between the vibrator and the fluid;
  A container having a cylindrical shape having an opening on one side, in contact with the fluid on the surface of the side surface or the surface of the lower bottom surface, and the acoustic conduction portion is fixed in the opening;
  A first back plate made of a damping alloy having one surface closely attached to the vibrator and the other surface fixed to the opening of the container;
With
  The first back plate includes paper closely adhered to each other, a second spacer made of a damping alloy, and a fourth back plate.
  The fourth back plate has a multilayer structure including a damping alloy layer and a metal or ceramic layer.
Acoustic device.

  A transducer that converts at least one of an electrical signal into vibration, a vibration into electrical signal, and
  A sound wave conduction unit that contacts the fluid on the front surface, adheres to the vibrator on the back surface, and transmits vibration between the vibrator and the fluid;
  A container having a cylindrical shape having an opening on one side, in contact with the fluid on the surface of the side surface or the surface of the lower bottom surface, and the acoustic conduction portion is fixed in the opening;
  A first back plate made of a damping alloy having one surface closely attached to the vibrator and the other surface fixed to the opening of the container;
With
  The first back plate includes paper that is in close contact with each other, a third spacer, and a fifth back plate made of a damping alloy,
  The fifth back plate has a multilayer structure including a damping alloy layer and a metal or ceramic layer.
Acoustic device.

The second back plate has a multilayer structure including a damping alloy layer and a metal or ceramic layer.
The acoustic device according to claim 6.

The fourth back plate has a multilayer structure including a damping alloy layer and a metal or ceramic layer.
The acoustic device according to claim 7.

The fifth back plate has a multilayer structure including a damping alloy layer and a metal or ceramic layer.
The acoustic device according to claim 8.