JP6610832B1 - Plain fabric, method for producing the same, and stent graft - Google Patents

Abstract

Provide a plain fabric with low breathability and water resistance. Further, the present invention provides a stent graft having a low permeable property, a mechanical property and an excellent catheter storage property using a plain woven fabric as a graft base material. A plain fabric woven by crossing the weaving yarns in the background, and the weaving yarns YA and YB arranged in the same direction have different crimp ratios A and B, respectively, the relationship satisfies the following formula, and the crimp ratio B is a plain woven fabric having 4% or more, and the plain woven fabric is preferably used for a stent graft. A ≧ B × 1.2

Description

  The present invention relates to a plain fabric excellent in low breathability and waterproofness. The present invention also relates to a stent graft using the plain woven fabric, which is thin but excellent in mechanical properties and low water permeability, as a graft base material.

  Resin-coated products such as polyurethane are widely used for sports clothing and the like as a woven fabric excellent in low breathability and waterproofness.

  However, fabrics such as resin-coated products are very excellent in low air permeability and waterproofness, but have a drawback of poor softness, so there is a strong demand for soft textured high density fabrics.

  In order to meet such demands, various studies have been made such as reducing the single yarn fineness of the constituent fiber yarns and weaving them at high density.

  For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a high-density fabric using polyester long fiber yarns having a single yarn fineness of 0.6 denier or less and a total fineness of 60 to 120 denier, and the warp is a warp yarn. Made of crimped yarn, the total fineness of the warp, the total fineness of the weft, and the warp cover factor satisfy the specified relational expression, so it is a non-coating type thin fabric with high waterproof performance and soft texture. There has been disclosed a technique capable of providing a high-density woven fabric composed of polyester continuous fiber yarns having a tearing strength at a level that causes no problem in practical use and excellent in tailoring after sewing.

  Such a fabric is also applied to a stent graft used for aneurysm treatment.

  An aneurysm is an abnormal dilation of the arterial wall, and if left untreated, the aneurysm can rupture and can cause fatal major bleeding. Before the aneurysm ruptures, the stent graft is delivered to the aorta using a catheter and placed in the affected area, so that major bleeding due to rupture can be avoided and the period of time the patient is in the hospital and ICU can be shortened. Yes.

  The stent graft is transported through the femoral artery or the like, but the diameter of the catheter is large, typically about 18 French (Fr) (3Fr = 1 mm). Many patients, such as women and women, are out of scope because of the difficulty in inserting stent grafts, and have not yet benefited from this treatment. Also, even if used, it is painful because it is thick. Therefore, it is necessary to design a stent graft that can be accommodated in a catheter having a smaller diameter, so that the stent and the cloth are thinned and flexible so that they can be inserted through even the smallest possible blood vessels. Ingenuity has been made. These devices have been studied so as to be compatible with low blood leakage, that is, low water permeability that a stent graft should originally have.

  As an improvement in the graft base fabric used for the stent graft, it is conceivable to make the conventional fabric thinner. However, if the thickness is simply reduced, there are problems that the strength of the fabric is reduced and the water permeability is increased. Accordingly, there is disclosed a base fabric in which nap of ultrafine fibers is formed on the surface and the thickness of the base fabric is 0.2 mm or less when the base fabric is compressed at the time of insertion and 0.4 mm or more after being placed in the blood vessel. (Patent Document 2). In addition, there is a technique for forming a thin structure with a yarn constituting a woven fabric or the like having 5 to 40 denier (Patent Document 3). Furthermore, it is disclosed that a high-density fabric is calendered and a thin but low water permeability base fabric is applied to a stent graft (Patent Document 4).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-245741 JP 2000-225198 A Special table 2008-505713 International Publication No. 2011/0136243

  However, the high-density fabric described in Patent Document 1 is not satisfactory because the cover factor is not high enough to obtain a sufficient level of low air permeability.

  As described in Patent Document 2, when raising a base fabric composed of ultrafine fibers, although the entanglement between the fibers increases, a certain degree of improvement in mechanical strength can be achieved, but the substantial fiber density has not increased. Therefore, it has been difficult to drastically improve low water permeability and mechanical strength.

  On the other hand, as described in Patent Document 3, it is effective to produce a thin substrate, but it has been difficult to achieve both low water permeability and flexibility. Specifically, if the yarn is made thinner and the inter-yarn distance is reduced in order to reduce the water permeability, the woven density is inevitably increased, and the thickness is eventually increased. On the contrary, if the fineness is reduced while keeping the weave density below a certain level, the strength decreases and the water permeability increases. Therefore, no means for satisfying all of thinness, high strength, low water permeability and flexibility has been found.

  Patent Document 4 discloses a calendered base fabric having a cover factor of 1300 to 4000 using ultrafine fibers having a single yarn fineness of 0.1 to 2.0 dTex. Satisfies thickness and low water permeability, but there are limits to the mechanical properties obtained by weaving uncrimped fibers. Satisfies a sufficient strength of 200 N / cm or more that can withstand manual manipulation and body movement and pulsation. Not done.

  The first object of the present invention is to provide a plain woven fabric that improves the problems of the prior art and is excellent in low air permeability and waterproofness.

  Another object of the present invention is to provide a plain fabric and a stent graft comprising a plain fabric as a graft substrate, which are thin but excellent in mechanical properties and water permeability and can be applied to medical applications that have been difficult to apply in the prior art. The purpose.

In order to solve this problem, the present invention has the following configuration.
(1) A plain woven fabric woven by interweaving the weaving yarns. The weaving yarns YA and YB arranged in the same direction have different crimp ratios A and B, respectively. A plain woven fabric satisfying a crimp ratio B of 4% or more.

A ≧ B × 1.2 (Formula 1)
(2) The plain woven fabric according to (1), wherein the crimp rate A is 15% or more.
(3) The plain woven fabric according to (1) or (2), wherein the woven yarn YA having a crimp rate A and the woven yarn YB having a crimp rate B are arranged at a ratio of 1: 1.
(4) The plain woven fabric according to any one of (1) to (3), which has a cover factor of 2400 or more.
(5) The plain fabric according to any one of (1) to (4), which has an air permeability of 0.1 cm ³ / cm ² · sec or less.
(6) The plain fabric according to any one of (1) to (5), wherein the water pressure resistance is 9.8 kPa (1000 mmH ₂ O) or more.
(7) The plain fabric according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein at least one surface is calendered.
(8) The plain woven fabric according to any one of (1) to (7), wherein at least one surface is water-repellent.
(9) The woven yarns YA and YB arranged in the same direction have different hot water dimensional change rates a and b, respectively, and the relationship is woven using the raw yarns Ya and Yb satisfying the following formula 2. The plain fabric according to any one of (1) to (8), which is a yarn.

b ≧ a × 1.1 (Formula 2)
(10) The plain fabric according to any one of (1) to (9), wherein the tensile breaking strength in the warp direction is 200 N / cm or more.
(11) The plain fabric according to any one of (1) to (10), wherein the tensile breaking elongation in the warp direction is 40% or more and 55% or less.
(12) The plain woven fabric according to any one of (1) to (11), wherein the tensile elastic modulus in the warp direction is 300 Pa or more.
(13) The plain woven fabric according to any one of (1) to (12), having a water permeability of 70 mL / min / cm ² or less.
(14) The plain fabric according to any one of (1) to (13), which is used for an artificial organ.
(15) The plain fabric according to any one of (1) to (13), which is used for a stent graft.
(16) The method for producing a plain fabric according to any one of (1) to (15), wherein weaving is performed under the following conditions (i) and / or (ii).
(I) Using yarns Ya and Yb having different dimensional change rates of hot water, these are arranged in the same direction and woven.
(Ii) When weaving, the weaving yarns YA and YB arranged in the same direction are woven with different tensions.
(17) A stent graft comprising the plain fabric according to any one of (1) to (15) as a graft substrate.
(18) The stent graft according to claim 17, wherein heparin, heparin derivative or low molecular weight heparin is supported.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the plain fabric excellent in low air permeability and waterproofness can be provided.

  Furthermore, a plain woven fabric that can be applied to a prosthetic device such as a stent graft having a mechanical property and water permeability that are thin enough to enable storage in a small-diameter catheter and that is impossible with the prior art, and A stent graft using the plain fabric as a graft substrate can be provided.

1 is a surface SEM photograph of a plain woven fabric obtained in Example 4. FIG. FIG. 2 is an SEM photograph of a cross section of the weft when it is cut along the cutting line α in the warp direction at the crimp rate A of FIG. FIG. 3 is a SEM photograph of the cross section of the weft when cut along the cutting line β in the warp direction at the crimp rate B of FIG.

  The plain fabric according to the present invention is a plain fabric woven by crossing the warp yarns in the warp and weft directions, and the yarns YA and YB arranged in the same direction have different crimp ratios A and B, respectively. The relationship satisfies the following formula 1. The crimp rate B is 4% or more.

A ≧ B × 1.2 (Formula 1)
The above-mentioned “weaving yarns arranged in the same direction have different crimp rates” means that when a certain weaving yarn arranged in the warp direction and / or the weft direction has a certain crimp rate, at least It means that at least one type of woven yarn having a crimp rate different from the crimp rate is arranged in the same direction as the woven yarn. Of the two or more types of crimp rates, the largest one is “crimp rate A”, the smallest one is “crimp rate B”, and the woven yarn having “crimp rate A” is “weaving yarn YA”, “ A woven yarn having a “crimp rate B” is referred to as “woven yarn YB”.

  The relationship between the crimp rates A and B is preferably “A ≧ B × 1.2”, more preferably “A ≧ B × 1.5”, and “A ≧ B × 2”. Is more preferable. The upper limit of A is preferably “A ≦ B × 35”, and more preferably “A ≦ B × 30”.

  The crimp rate B is preferably 4% or more, and more preferably 5% or more. The upper limit is preferably 15% or less.

  Further, the crimp rate A is preferably 15% or more, and more preferably 30% or more. The upper limit is preferably 200% or less.

  By setting the relationship between the crimp ratios A and B within the above range, a very high density plain fabric can be obtained. In addition, when the woven plain fabric is calendered, the yarn having a high crimp rate is compressed and expanded, so that the intersection of the fabrics can be covered and a fabric with a low air permeability can be obtained on a thin fabric.

  In the woven fabric, it is preferable that a woven yarn YA having a crimp ratio A and a woven yarn YB having a crimp ratio B are arranged at a ratio of 1: 1.

  The “ratio” of the woven yarn having the crimp rate A and the woven yarn having the crimp rate B means the ratio of the number of the woven yarns. The number of weaving yarns is calculated assuming that the unit in which the warp or weft intersects with the weft or warp is one. “The weaving yarn YA and the weaving yarn YB having a crimp ratio B are arranged in a ratio of 1: 1” means that the same number of weaving yarns YA and weaving yarns YB are alternately arranged.

  In particular, it is preferable that the woven yarn having a crimp rate A and the woven yarn having a crimp rate B are alternately arranged one by one or two alternately.

  By setting it as said structure, it can be set as the durable textile fabric excellent in dimensional stability.

  In addition, since the weaving yarns YA and YB arranged in the same direction have different crimp ratios A and B, it is possible to obtain a high-level high-density fabric that has not been obtained conventionally. The cover factor is preferably 2400 or more, more preferably 2500 or more, more preferably 2600 or more. The upper limit is preferably 4000 or less.

  The cover factor (Cf) is obtained by the following equation.

Cf = N _W × (D _W ) ^1/2 + N _F × (D _F ) ^1/2
N _W : Warp weave density (main / 2.54cm)
N _F : Weft density (main / 2.54cm)
D _W : Total warp fineness (dtex)
_DF : total weft fineness (dtex)
By setting the cover factor within the above range, a lightweight and thin fabric with low air permeability can be obtained. When the cover factor of the woven fabric is smaller than 2400, a thin and light woven fabric can be obtained. However, the non-coating type does not easily satisfy the low air permeability. On the other hand, if it exceeds 4000, the woven fabric tends to be heavy, although the low air permeability is satisfied.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to achieve an air permeability of 0.1 cm ³ / cm ² · sec or less, and in a more preferred embodiment, 0.08 cm ³ / cm ² · sec or less, and in a more preferred embodiment It is also possible to achieve 0.06 cm ³ / cm ² · sec or less. In reality, the lower limit is about 0.01 cm ³ / cm ² · sec or more.

  By setting the air permeability within the above range, for example, in the case of a down jacket, it is possible to suppress filling and down loss.

Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is also possible to achieve a higher water pressure resistance 9.8kPa (1000mmH ₂ O), further preferred embodiments 19.6kPa (2000mmH ₂ O) or more, 29 in a more preferred embodiment. It is also possible to achieve 4 kPa (3000 mmH ₂ O) or more. The upper limit is usually preferably 86.6 kPa (7000 mmH ₂ O) or less.

By setting the water pressure resistance within the above range, a fabric that is not submerged can be obtained. If it is less than 9.8 kPa (1000 mmH ₂ O), for example, when a windbreaker is used, water resistance is insufficient with respect to wind and rain, and rain soaks into clothes. However, in order to make it over 86.8 kPa (7000 mmH ₂ O), it may be necessary to devise a film processing such as polyurethane resin, and when a large amount of resin is required for the film processing, the lightness may be impaired. is there. Even when used for a stent graft, if it is less than 9.8 kPa (1000 mmH ₂ O), the water permeability is insufficient and water permeates. In order to make it more than 86.8 kPa (7000 mmH ₂ O), a polymer coating or the like may be applied to impart water resistance, but the polymer coat layer increases the thickness and hinders catheter storage.

  For use in medical applications, for example, in stent grafts, they are housed in catheters and transported to the affected area. On the other hand, mechanical characteristics that can withstand the movement of a living body over a long period of time and characteristics that do not leak blood are required. If the fabric is too thick, it cannot be stored in the catheter, if it is too thin, it will lack long-term mechanical durability, and if the cover factor is low, blood leakage will occur. If the cover factor is 2400 or more and 4000 or less, the cover factor is sufficiently thin to be accommodated in the catheter, and blood leakage can be prevented. By weaving fine fibers at a high density, the fabric member is thin but has excellent mechanical properties and blood leakage resistance.

  If the breaking strength is too weak, it tends to break in the blood vessel without following the movement in the living body, but in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to achieve a tensile breaking strength of 200 N / cm or more in the warp direction. In a more preferred embodiment, it is possible to achieve 220 N or more. As an upper limit, 500 N / cm or less is realistic.

  Further, if the elongation at break is too weak, the catheter tends to break when the catheter is accommodated. However, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to achieve a tensile break elongation of 40% or more in the warp direction. In a more preferred embodiment, 45% or more can be achieved. An upper limit of 55% or less is realistic. Furthermore, it is possible to achieve a tensile elastic modulus of 300 Pa or more, and in a more preferred embodiment, it is possible to achieve 400 Pa or more.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the water permeability can be 70 mL / min / cm ² or less, and in a more preferred embodiment, it can be 20 mL / min / cm ² or less. The lower limit is practically about 0.01 mL / min / cm ² .

  The plain fabric of the present invention is preferably composed of multifilament yarn. Examples of the fibers forming the multifilament yarn include polyamide fibers, polyester fibers, aramid fibers, rayon fibers, polysulfone fibers, ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fibers, polyolefin fibers, and the like. Of these, polyamide fibers and polyester fibers excellent in mass productivity and economy are preferable.

  Examples of polyamide fibers include nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 12, nylon 46, copolymer polyamide of nylon 6 and nylon 66, and copolymer obtained by copolymerizing nylon 6 with polyalkylene glycol, dicarboxylic acid, amine, and the like. Mention may be made of fibers made of polyamide or the like. Nylon 6 fiber and nylon 66 fiber are particularly excellent in impact resistance and are preferable.

  Examples of the polyester fiber include fibers made of polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, and the like. It may be a fiber made of a copolymerized polyester obtained by copolymerizing polyethylene terephthalate or polybutylene terephthalate with an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid such as isophthalic acid, 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid or adipic acid as an acid component.

  The fibers constituting the multifilament yarn preferably contain a heat stabilizer, an antioxidant, a light stabilizer, a smoothing agent, an antistatic agent, a plasticizer, a thickener, a pigment, a flame retardant, and the like.

  The materials of the warp and the weft may be the same or different, but are preferably the same in consideration of post-processing and dyeing.

  The multifilament yarn preferably used for the plain fabric of the present invention preferably has a total fineness of 22 to 220 dtex, and preferably 33 to 167 dtex. By setting the total fineness of the multifilament yarn within the above range, it is easy to obtain sufficient strength as a thin plain fabric, and a light fabric is easily obtained.

  The single fiber fineness of the multifilament yarn is preferably 0.01 dtex to 18 dtex, and preferably 0.02 dtex to 10 dtex from the viewpoint of fabric flexibility. Further, the multifilament yarn constituting the plain woven fabric may be a multifilament yarn obtained by direct spinning, or a so-called ultrafine fiber obtained by removing sea-island composite fibers.

  The plain fabric of the present invention can be produced, for example, as follows.

  As a method of giving a crimp rate difference to yarns arranged in the same direction, a method using raw yarns having different hot water dimensional change rates, a method of weaving woven yarns YA and YB arranged in the same direction at the time of weaving with different tensions Etc.

  As a method using raw yarns having different dimensional change rates of hot water, for example, the following method is preferably exemplified.

  That is, during weaving, the yarns having different hot water dimensional change rates a and b are used as the raw yarns Ya and Yb arranged in the same direction, and the respective hot water dimensional change rates are the desired crimp rates. However, it is preferable to select the yarns Ya and Yb whose relationship satisfies the following formula 2.

b ≧ a × 1.1 (Formula 2)
The above “having different hot water dimensional change rates as the yarn arranged in the same direction” means that a certain yarn used for the woven yarn arranged in the warp direction and / or the weft direction has a certain heat When it has a water dimensional change rate, it means that it is used for a woven yarn arranged in the same direction as a woven yarn using the raw yarn having a hot water dimensional change rate different from at least the hot water dimensional change rate. That is, for example, in the warp direction, two or more types of raw yarns Ya and Yb having different hot water dimensional change rates are arranged in the same direction as the warp and woven. In the weft direction, two or more types of raw yarns having different hot water dimensional change rates a and b as wefts are arranged and weaved as wefts.

  Among the two or more types of hot water dimensional change rates, the maximum one is referred to as “hot water dimensional change rate b”, and the minimum one is referred to as “hot water dimensional change rate a”.

  The relationship between the hot water dimensional change rates a and b is preferably “b ≧ a × 1.1”, more preferably “b ≧ a × 1.5”, and “b ≧ a × 3”. It is more preferable that The upper limit of b is preferably “b ≦ a × 30”.

  These conditions are appropriately selected such that the crimp ratio of the plain woven fabric is controlled within the range defined by the present invention.

  It is preferable that the raw yarn Ya having the hot water dimensional change rate a and the raw yarn Yb having the hot water dimensional change rate b are alternately arranged one by one or two alternately. By performing hot water treatment on the woven fabric using the above-mentioned raw yarn, the yarn having the smaller rate of change in hot water is raised on the surface, and the crimp rate of the yarns arranged in the same direction can be made different.

  Moreover, the diameter of a raw yarn with which the hot water dimensional change rate changes greatly becomes relatively thick when the hot water treatment is performed. When using raw yarns with a high rate of hot water dimensional change as weaving yarns, take into account the increase in diameter, adjust the weaving density so that it does not become too large, or adjust the fineness to obtain the desired crimp. Can be adjusted to the rate.

  In addition, examples of a method for weaving the woven yarns YA and YB arranged in the same direction during weaving with different tensions include the following methods. This method can be used without changing the type of yarn, and is particularly suitable from the viewpoint of the uniformity of the fabric.

  When the weaving yarns YA and YB are warp yarns, the warp yarn controlled to have a crimp rate B (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “warp yarn with a crimp rate B”) during weaving increases the tension and reduces the crimp rate A. It is preferable that the warp to be controlled (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “warp having a crimp rate of A”) is woven at a low tension within a range that does not hinder the opening. For example, the warp tension of the crimp rate B is preferably 0.5 to 1.5 cN / dtex, and the warp tension of the crimp rate A is preferably 0.05 to 0.3 cN / dtex.

  In general, if the warp tension is lowered during weaving in order to increase the crimp ratio of the warp in a high-density woven fabric, it is difficult to increase the weft density by bumping (weft unwinding). However, according to the above embodiment, the warp can be restrained by the warp having the crimp rate A with the warp having the crimp rate B as a fulcrum, and the bumping can be suppressed. Therefore, the crimp rate of the warp yarn having the crimp rate A can be increased.

  Specific methods for adjusting the warp tension within the above range include adjusting the weft feeding speed of the loom and adjusting the weft driving speed. Whether the warp tension is actually within the above range during weaving can be confirmed by measuring the tension applied to one warp with a tension measuring instrument, for example, between the warp beam and the back roller during loom operation. Can do.

  When it is desired to increase the crimp rate A relative to the crimp rate B, the warp tension of the crimp rate A may be reduced with respect to the warp tension of the crimp rate B, and the adjustment is appropriately made so that the desired crimp rates A and B are obtained. Specifically, it is preferable that warp tension with crimp rate B ≧ warp tension with crimp rate A × 1.5 as long as there is no problem with the raw yarn strength.

  Further, when the weaving yarns YA and YB are wefts, the tension when the wefts are inserted between the warp openings may be adjusted.

  Furthermore, the method of weaving the weaving yarns arranged in the same direction at the time of weaving with different tensions while using the yarns Ya and Yb having different hydrothermal dimensional change rates at the time of weaving includes the following methods, for example. .

  As the yarns Ya and Yb used for the woven yarns arranged in the same direction, it is preferable to select the yarns so that they have different hot water dimensional change rates a and b and the relationship satisfies the following formula 2.

b ≧ a × 1.1 (Formula 2)
And when using it as a warp, the warp (hereinafter referred to as “crimp rate A”) is controlled so that the maximum one of the two or more types of hot water dimensional change rate is “hot water dimensional change rate b” and has a crimp rate A. Knitting with a low tension within a range that does not hinder the opening. Further, weaving is carried out with a high tension as a warp which is controlled so as to have a crimping ratio B (hereinafter also referred to as “warp having a crimping ratio B”) having a minimum hot water dimensional change rate a. For example, the tension of a warp with a hot water dimensional change rate a with a crimp rate B is 0.5 to 1.5 cN / dtex, and the tension of a warp with a hot water dimensional change rate b with a crimp rate A is 0.05 to 0.3 cN / d. It is preferable to use dtex. Specifically, it is preferable that warp tension with crimp rate A ≧ warp tension with crimp rate B × 1.5 as long as there is no problem with the raw yarn strength.

  Although the woven structure of the woven fabric is a plain structure, the woven fabric is woven by interweaving by alternately raising and lowering warps and wefts. In addition to the plain woven fabric woven by interlacing warps and wefts one by one The applied structure may be a vertical expanded structure in which several weft yarns are inserted at the same opening, a horizontal expanded structure in which several adjacent warps are opened in the same opening, or a woven fabric in which several vertical warps are arranged side by side like a basket weave.

  Moreover, the loom used for manufacturing the woven fabric is not particularly limited, and a water jet loom, an air jet loom, or a rapier loom can be used.

  The woven fabric may be scoured, relaxed, preset, dyed and finished using common processing machines.

  Moreover, when using a sea-island composite fiber, it is preferable to perform a sea removal process at the following process.

  The sea-island composite fiber, which is a composite of readily soluble sea component and island component, is acid-treated to embrittle the sea component of the sea-island composite fiber. Examples of the acid include maleic acid. The treatment conditions are preferably a concentration of 0.1 to 1% by mass, a temperature of 100 to 150 ° C., and a time of 10 to 50 minutes.

  Then, the sea component of the sea-island composite fiber embrittled by acid treatment is eluted by alkali treatment. Examples of the alkali include sodium hydroxide. The treatment conditions are preferably a concentration of 0.5 to 2% by mass, a temperature of 70 to 98 ° C., and a time of 60 to 100 minutes.

  It is preferable that at least one side of the woven fabric is calendered in that low air permeability can be achieved or a thin plain woven fabric can be obtained. The calendering may be performed on only one side of the fabric or on both sides. Further, the number of calendar processes is not particularly limited, and may be performed only once or multiple times as long as the unevenness can be sufficiently compressed.

  The calendering temperature is not particularly limited, but is preferably 80 ° C or higher than the glass transition temperature of the material used, more preferably 120 ° C or higher, preferably 20 ° C or higher than the melting point of the material used, and 30 ° C or higher. More preferably, it is low. By setting the calendering temperature within the above range, a woven fabric capable of maintaining both low air permeability and high tear strength can be obtained. On the other hand, when the calendering temperature is equal to or higher than the glass transition temperature of the material used + 80 ° C., an appropriate degree of compression can be obtained, and a fabric having a low air permeability can be easily obtained. In addition, since the melting point of the material used is -20 ° C or lower, an appropriate degree of compression is obtained, and the tear strength of the fabric is excellent.

  For example, when polyamide is used as the material, the calendering temperature is preferably 120 ° C. to 200 ° C., and more preferably 130 ° C. to 190 ° C. Moreover, when using polyester as a raw material, it is preferable that the temperature of a calendar process is 160 to 240 degreeC.

The calendering pressure is preferably 0.98 MPa (10 kgf / cm ² ) or more, more preferably 1.96 MPa (20 kgf / cm ² ) or more, and 5.88 MPa (60 kgf / cm ² ) or less. Preferably, the pressure is 4.90 MPa (50 kgf / cm ² ) or less. By setting the calendering pressure within the above range, a woven fabric capable of maintaining both low air permeability and tear strength can be obtained. On the other hand, when the calendering pressure is 0.98 MPa (10 kgf / cm ² ) or more, an appropriate degree of compression is obtained, and a fabric having excellent low air permeability is obtained. Moreover, by setting it as 5.88 MPa (60 kgf / cm < ² >) or less, it will compress moderately and will become excellent in the tearing strength of a textile fabric.

  The material of the calendar roll is not particularly limited, but one roll is preferably made of metal. The metal roll can adjust its own temperature and can uniformly compress the dough surface. The other roll is not particularly limited, but is preferably made of metal or resin, and in the case of resin, nylon is preferred.

  The woven fabric is preferably water-repellent on at least one surface, and various functional processing and soft finishing for adjusting the texture and strength of the woven fabric can be used in combination.

  As the water repellent, a general water repellent for fibers may be used. For example, a silicone water repellent, a fluorine water repellent composed of a polymer having a perfluoroalkyl group, and a paraffin water repellent are preferably used. . Among these, the use of a fluorine-based water repellent is particularly preferable because the refractive index of the coating can be kept low and the reflection of light on the fiber surface can be reduced. As a water repellent processing method, a general method such as a padding method, a spray method, a printing method, a coating method, or a gravure method can be used.

  As the softening agent, amino-modified silicone, polyethylene-based, polyester-based, paraffin-based softening agent, or the like can be used.

  The plain fabric thus obtained becomes a plain fabric excellent in low breathability and waterproofness, and is useful for downwear, down jackets, sports clothing, futons, sleeping bags, umbrellas, medical base materials, etc. be able to.

  The plain fabric of the present invention can also be used for medical purposes. In particular, it is preferably used as a member of an artificial organ such as a stent graft, an artificial valve, an artificial blood vessel, an artificial dura mater, or an artificial skin, or a patch repair material.

  Among the above-mentioned prosthetic devices, the plain fabric of the present invention is particularly preferably used for a stent graft which is housed in a catheter and transported and placed in an affected area. The stent graft is placed in the aorta or the like in order to prevent the rupture of the aneurysm. However, if blood leaks from the graft portion made of the fabric, blood flow may flow into the aneurysm even after placement, which may lead to rupture. The fabric of the present invention, which is thin but has low water permeability and mechanical properties that can adapt to the movement of a living body, is most effective when used for a stent graft.

  Since the stent graft of the present invention is placed in a blood vessel and used in contact with blood, it is preferable that heparin, heparin derivative or low molecular weight heparin is supported on the surface of the graft base.

  When heparin, a heparin derivative, or low molecular weight heparin is supported, the surface abundance can be quantified by X-ray electron spectroscopy (XPS), so that an effective surface amount can be known. If the amount of heparin supported is too large, the hydrophilicity increases, cell adhesion becomes difficult, the coating is delayed, and it is not stable. If the amount of heparin supported is too small, blood clots are likely to be formed. Therefore, the amount of heparin supported is preferably 3.0 atomic% or more and 6.0 atomic% or less when the existing ratio of sulfur element contained in heparin is used as an index.

  As heparin, heparin derivative or low molecular weight heparin, clinically used leviparin, enoxaparin, parnaparin, sertopaline, dalteparin, tinzaparin can be preferably used.

  The method for supporting heparin, a heparin derivative or low molecular weight heparin on the surface of the knitted fabric is not particularly limited, and is a method of immobilization by covalent bonding with a functional group introduced on the surface of the base material (Patent No. 4152075, Patent No. 3,497,612, JP-A-10-513074, and a method of immobilizing a positively charged cationic compound introduced on the surface of a substrate by ionic bonds (Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-041947, Known methods such as Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-047287, Japanese Patent No. 4273965, and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-151192 can be used. In the period until it is covered with the neointimal, it exhibits antithrombogenicity and does not inhibit the coating with the neointimal, so that a sustained-release type surface support in which heparin is bound by an ionic bond is preferable. The method described in 2015/080177 is particularly preferably used.

  Examples of the present invention will be described below together with comparative examples.

  In addition, the measuring method of the various characteristics used by a present Example is as follows.

(1) Total fineness and number of filaments The total fineness was measured based on JIS L 1013: 2010 8.3.1 (Method A) (positive fineness).

  The number of filaments was measured based on JIS L 1013: 2010 8.4.

(2) Woven density The weave density was measured based on JIS L 1096: 2010 8.6.1.
Place the sample on a flat table, remove unnatural wrinkles and tension, count the number of warp yarns and weft yarns between 0.5 cm at five different points, calculate the average value of each, and calculate 2.54 cm per Converted to the number of

(3) Crimp rate The crimp rate was measured based on JIS L 1096: 2010 8.7 (Method B).

  Place the sample on a flat table, and remove the unnatural wrinkles and tension, and mark the distance of 200 mm at three different places where the yarns A1 and B1 with different crimping ratios are placed next to each other. The yarn in the mark was unwound to obtain a disassembled yarn, and the lengths straightly stretched under the initial load specified in 5.1 of JIS L 1013 were measured to calculate the average value, and the change length was calculated.

(4) Cover factor The cover factor (Cf) was determined by the following equation.

Cf = N _W × (D _W ) ^1/2 + N _F × (D _F ) ^1/2
N _W : Warp weave density (main / 2.54cm)
N _F : Weft density (main / 2.54cm)
D _W : Total warp fineness (dtex)
_DF : total weft fineness (dtex)
(5) Air permeability The air permeability is JIS L 1096: 2010 8.26.1. Measurement was performed based on (Method A) (Fragile method).

(6) Water pressure resistance The water pressure resistance was measured based on JIS L 1092: 2009 7.1.1 (Method A) (low water pressure method).

(7) Hot water dimensional change rate The hot water dimensional change rate was measured based on JIS L 1013: 2010 8.18.1 (B method).

  Apply an initial load to the sample, mark two points at a distance of 500 mm, remove the initial load, immerse it in 100 ° C hot water for 30 minutes, take it out, lightly drain it with blotting paper or cloth, and air dry After that, the initial load was applied again, the length between the two points was measured, the change length was calculated, and the average value of 5 times was rounded to 1 decimal place by JIS Z 8401 B (rounding off method).

(8) Thickness of plain woven fabric In accordance with JIS L 1096: 2010 8.4a), the thickness is measured under a pressure of 23.5 kPa using a thickness measuring machine for five different wall layers of the plain woven fabric as a sample. After waiting for 10 seconds to calm down, the thickness was measured and the average value was calculated.

(9) Tensile mechanical properties Measured based on JIS L 1096 8.12.1 A method (strip method) (1999). A sample having a width of 5 cm and a length of 30 cm with the warp direction of the woven fabric taken as the length direction was stretched at a tension rate of 10 cm / min with a constant-speed extension type tensile tester at a gripping interval of 20 cm, and the breaking strength (N ) And elongation at break (%). The results are plotted with the strength on the vertical axis and the elongation on the horizontal axis, and the value obtained by dividing the elongation (%) by 100 is 0.002 to 0.03 (rounded to the third decimal place). A linear approximation by multiplication (Microsoft Excel) was performed, and the elastic modulus (Pa) was calculated by dividing the slope of the straight line by the cross-sectional area calculated from the fabric thickness (mm) and the sample width (mm). It carried out about three samples and calculated | required the average value about each of breaking strength, breaking elongation, and a tensile elasticity modulus.

(10) Water permeability A plain woven fabric was cut to prepare a 1 cm square sample piece. A 1 cm square plain woven fabric sample was sandwiched between two donut-shaped packings with a diameter of 0.5 cm and punched with 3 cm diameter donut-like packing, and the sample was stored in a circular filtration filter housing. Through this circular filtration filter, reverse osmosis membrane filtered water at a temperature of 25 ° C. was passed for 2 minutes or more until the sample fragments sufficiently contained water. Under the conditions of a temperature of 25 ° C. and a filtration differential pressure of 120 mmHg (1.6 kPa), the external pressure total filtration of reverse osmosis membrane filtered water was performed for 30 seconds, and the amount of permeated water (mL) permeating a 1 cm diameter portion was measured. The permeation amount is calculated by rounding off the first decimal place. The permeation amount (mL) is converted into a value per unit time (min) and an effective area (cm ² ) of the sample fragment, and the pressure is 120 mmHg (1.6 kPa). The water permeability was measured. Two samples were measured and the average value was obtained.

(11) XPS surface elemental analysis The abundance ratio of sulfur atoms with respect to the abundance of all atoms on the surface of the graft substrate can be determined by XPS.

[Measurement condition]
Apparatus: ESCALAB 220iXL (manufactured by VG Scientific)
Excitation X-ray: monochromatic AlKα1,2 line (1486.6 eV)
X-ray diameter: 1mm
X electron escape angle: 90 ° (inclination of the detector with respect to the surface of the antithrombogenic material)
The surface of the graft substrate referred to here is an X electron escape angle under the XPS measurement conditions, that is, when the inclination of the detector with respect to the surface of the graft substrate is measured as 90 °, up to a depth of 10 nm from the measurement surface. Refers to that. From the binding energy value of the bound electrons in the substance obtained by irradiating the surface of the graft substrate with X-rays and measuring the energy of the photoelectrons generated, atomic information on the surface of the graft substrate can be obtained. Information on the valence and bonding state can be obtained from the peak energy shift. Furthermore, quantitative determination using the area ratio of each peak, that is, the existence ratio of each atom, valence, and bonding state can be calculated.

  Specifically, the S2p peak indicating the presence of sulfur atoms is observed at a binding energy value of about 161 eV to 170 eV, and in the present invention, the area ratio of the S2p peak to the total peak is 3.0 to 6.0 atomic%. It has been found that heparin bonded to the stent graft surface is preferable in that it exhibits antithrombogenicity without side effects. The abundance ratio of sulfur atoms to the abundance of all atoms was calculated by rounding off the second decimal place.

[Example 1]
As a base yarn of a woven yarn (B1) having a crimp rate of B, a polyethylene terephthalate fiber of 56 dtex, 18 filaments, hot water dimensional change rate (a1) of 7.9% , 56 dtex, 18 filaments, polyethylene terephthalate fiber having a hot water dimensional change rate (b1) of 28.5% was used for warp. In addition, a polyethylene terephthalate fiber having 56 dtex, 18 filaments, and a hot water dimensional change rate (a1) of 7.9% was used as a weft as a raw yarn. The relationship between the hot water dimensional change rates a1 and b1 in this example is “b1 = a1 × 3.6”.

At the time of weaving, the tension of the yarn A1 and the yarn B1 is set to 0.5 cN / dtex, the warp density is set to 175 / 2.54 cm, the weft density is set to 100 / 2.54 cm, and both the warp and the weft are 1 A plain woven fabric was obtained by weaving with a plain weave structure that was interlaced with each other. The obtained plain woven fabric was scoured using an open soaper, pre-set at 185 ° C. × 30 sec using a pin tenter, and intermediate set at 180 ° C. × 30 sec. Thereafter, calendering (processing conditions: cylinder processing, temperature 170 ° C., pressure 2.45 MPa (25 kgf / cm ² , speed 20 m / min) is applied twice to one side of the woven fabric, the warp density is 180 pieces / 2.54 cm, A plain woven fabric having a weft density of 175 pieces / 2.54 cm and a cover factor of 2655 was obtained, and the obtained plain woven fabric was evaluated for air permeability, water pressure resistance, thickness, tensile mechanical properties and water permeability by the above methods. .

  Table 1 shows the characteristics of the obtained plain woven fabric.

[Example 2]
As the yarn (A1) having a crimp rate A and the yarn (B1) having a crimp rate B, a polyethylene terephthalate fiber having 56 dtex, 18 filaments and a hot water dimensional change rate (a1) of 7.9% was used as the warp. Further, a polyethylene terephthalate fiber having 56 dtex, 18 filaments, and a hot water dimensional change rate (a1) of 7.9% was used for the weft.

At the time of weaving, the yarn A1 and the yarn B1 are alternately arranged at a ratio of 1: 1 (number ratio) one by one, the tension of the yarn B1 is 0.6 cN / dtex, and the tension of the yarn A1 is 0.1 cN / As a dtex, a warp density was set to 190 / 2.54 cm, a weft density was set to 185 / 2.54 cm, and weaving was performed in a plain weave structure in which both warp and weft were interlaced to obtain a plain woven fabric. . The obtained plain woven fabric was scoured using an open soaper, pre-set at 185 ° C. × 30 sec using a pin tenter, and intermediate set at 180 ° C. × 30 sec. Thereafter, calendering (processing conditions: cylinder processing, temperature 170 ° C., pressure 2.45 MPa (25 kgf / cm ² , speed 20 m / min) is applied twice to one side of the woven fabric, the warp density is 198 / 2.54 cm, A plain woven fabric having a weft density of 190 / 2.54 cm and a cover factor of 2902 was obtained, and the air permeability, water pressure resistance, thickness, tensile mechanical properties and water permeability of the obtained plain woven fabric were evaluated by the above methods. .

  Table 1 shows the characteristics of the obtained plain woven fabric.

[Example 3]
As a base yarn of a woven yarn (B1) having a crimp rate of B, a polyethylene terephthalate fiber of 56 dtex, 18 filaments, hot water dimensional change rate (a1) of 7.9% , 56 dtex, 18 filaments, polyethylene terephthalate fiber having a hot water dimensional change rate (b1) of 28.5% was used for warp. In addition, a polyethylene terephthalate fiber having 56 dtex, 18 filaments, and a hot water dimensional change rate (a1) of 7.9% was used as a weft as a raw yarn. The relationship between the hot water dimensional change rates a1 and b1 in this example is “b1 = a1 × 3.6”.

At the time of weaving, the yarn A1 and the yarn B1 are alternately arranged at a ratio of 1: 1 (number ratio) one by one, the tension of the yarn B1 is 0.6 cN / dtex, and the tension of the yarn A1 is 0.1 cN / As a dtex, a warp density was set to 200 / 2.54 cm, a weft density was set to 195 / 2.54 cm, and weaving was performed in a plain weave structure in which warps and wefts were interlaced one by one to obtain a plain fabric. . The obtained plain woven fabric was scoured using an open soaper, pre-set at 185 ° C. × 30 sec using a pin tenter, and intermediate set at 180 ° C. × 30 sec. Thereafter, calendering (processing conditions: cylinder processing, temperature 170 ° C., pressure 2.45 MPa (25 kgf / cm ² , speed 20 m / min) is applied twice to one side of the woven fabric, the warp density is 210 yarns / 2.54 cm, A plain woven fabric having a weft density of 203 / 2.54 cm and a cover factor of 3089 was obtained, and the obtained plain woven fabric was evaluated for air permeability, water pressure resistance, thickness, tensile mechanical properties, and water permeability by the above methods. .

  Table 1 shows the characteristics of the obtained plain fabric.

[Example 4]
Polyethylene terephthalate (sea-island composite fiber) having 44 dtex, 9 filaments, hot water dimensional change rate (a1) of 7.4% was used as the warp yarn as the yarn (A1) having the crimp rate A and the yarn (B1) having the crimp rate B. In addition, a polyethylene terephthalate fiber (sea-island composite fiber) having 44 dtex, 9 filaments, and a hot water dimensional change rate (a1) of 7.4% was used as the weft.

At the time of weaving, the yarn A1 and the yarn B1 are alternately arranged at a ratio of 1: 1 (number ratio) one by one, the tension of the yarn B1 is 0.6 cN / dtex, and the tension of the yarn A1 is 0.1 cN / As a dtex, a warp density was set to 215 / 2.54 cm, a weft density was set to 200 / 2.54 cm, and weaving was performed in a plain weave structure in which one warp and one weft were interlaced to obtain a plain woven fabric. . The obtained plain fabric was scoured using an open soaper, and then subjected to sea removal treatment. Maleic acid was used as the acid, and the treatment conditions were a concentration of 0.2% by mass, a temperature of 130 ° C., and a time of 30 minutes. Sodium hydroxide was used as the alkali, and the treatment conditions were a concentration of 1% by mass, a temperature of 80 ° C., and a time of 90 minutes. The weave fineness after sea removal treatment was 35.2 dtex and 630 filaments. Thereafter, calendering (processing conditions: cylinder processing, temperature 170 ° C., pressure 2.45 MPa (25 kgf / cm ² , speed 20 m / min) is applied twice to one side of the woven fabric, the warp density is 238 pieces / 2.54 cm, A plain woven fabric having a weft density of 230 / 2.54 cm and a cover factor of 2775 was obtained, and the obtained plain woven fabric was evaluated for air permeability, water pressure resistance, thickness, tensile mechanical properties, and water permeability by the above methods. .

  The characteristics of the obtained plain woven fabric are shown in Table 1 and FIGS. Further, FIG. 1 shows a surface SEM (scanning electron microscope) photograph of the obtained plain woven fabric, and FIG. 2 shows a SEM photograph of a weft cross section when cut along the cutting line α in the warp direction of the crimp ratio A in FIG. FIG. 3 shows an SEM photograph of the cross section of the weft when cut along the cutting line β in the warp direction at the crimp rate B of FIG.

  FIG. 2 shows that the surface of the weft located on the calendering side is covered with the warp 2 having a crimp rate A compressed and spread by the calendering process from the left and right in the calendered plain fabric 1 to form a dense structure. FIG. 3 shows a state in which the warp 4 with a crimp rate B is more closely intermingled with the weft 3 and the warp 2 with a crimp rate A, with a smaller crimp rate.

[Example 5]
Anti-thrombotic treatment was performed on the fabric obtained in Example 4. The fabric was immersed in an aqueous solution of 5.0% by weight potassium permanganate (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) and 0.6 mol / L sulfuric acid (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) and reacted at 60 ° C. for 3 hours. The PET mesh was hydrolyzed and oxidized. The aqueous solution after the reaction was removed and washed with hydrochloric acid (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) and distilled water.

  Next, the woven fabric was immersed in an aqueous solution of 0.5 wt% DMT-MM (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) and 5.0 wt% PEI (LUPASOL (registered trademark) P; manufactured by BASF Corp.), and 2 The PEI was covalently bonded to the woven fabric by a condensation reaction after a time reaction. The aqueous solution after the reaction was removed and washed with distilled water.

  Further, the fabric was immersed in a 1% by weight methanol aqueous solution of ethyl bromide (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.), reacted at 35 ° C. for 1 hour, then heated to 50 ° C. and reacted for 4 hours, and PET mesh The PEI covalently bonded to the surface of the quaternary ammonium was quaternized. The aqueous solution after the reaction was removed and washed with methanol or distilled water.

  Finally, it was immersed in an aqueous solution (pH = 4) of 0.75% by weight sodium heparin (Organon API) and 0.1 mol / L sodium chloride, reacted at 70 ° C. for 6 hours, and ion-bonded with PEI. . The aqueous solution after the reaction was removed and washed with distilled water.

  The abundance ratio of sulfur atoms with respect to the abundance of all atoms on the surface of the graft substrate, determined by XPS, was 4.7%.

  A fabric made by cutting a 95mm x 300mm strip into a cylindrical shape with a length of 300mm in the long axis direction, sewing the ends together to create a graft substrate, and a φ5mm nickel titanium alloy ring Was sewed to create a stent graft.

  A 3 cm long portion was cut from the stent graft and connected to a silicon tube to create a circulation circuit. Porcine blood was filled in the circulation circuit and circulated at 200 mL / min for 10 minutes. After 10 minutes, the inner wall of the stent graft removed from the circuit was rinsed and then dried under reduced pressure. The same operation was performed on the untreated stent graft. As a result of quantifying the amount of adhering thrombus as an increase in dry weight before and after blood circulation, the increase in weight of heparinized stent graft and untreated graft was 50 mg and 450 mg, respectively, and heparin treatment clearly showed a small amount of adhering thrombus It was.

[Comparative Example 1]
Polyethylene terephthalate fiber of 56 dtex, 18 filaments, hot water dimensional change rate (a1) 7.9% was used for warp and weft.

During weaving, the warp tension is set to 0.5 cN / dtex, the warp density is set to 175 / 2.54 cm, and the weft density is set to 100 / 2.54 cm. A plain woven fabric was obtained by weaving with a plain woven fabric. The obtained plain woven fabric was scoured using an open soaper, pre-set at 185 ° C. × 30 sec using a pin tenter, and intermediate set at 180 ° C. × 30 sec. Thereafter, calendering (processing conditions: cylinder processing, temperature 170 ° C., pressure 2.45 MPa (25 kgf / cm ² , speed 20 m / min) is applied twice to one side of the woven fabric, the warp density is 180 pieces / 2.54 cm, A plain woven fabric having a weft density of 107 yarns / 2.54 cm and a cover factor of 2146 was obtained, and the obtained plain woven fabric was evaluated for air permeability, water pressure resistance, thickness, tensile mechanical properties and water permeability by the above methods. .

  Table 1 shows the characteristics of the obtained plain woven fabric. Although the thickness is small, the breaking strength / elongation, elastic modulus, and water permeability were insufficient for use in stent grafts.

[Comparative Example 2]
As the yarn (A1) having a crimp rate A and the yarn (B1) having a crimp rate B, a polyethylene terephthalate fiber having 56 dtex, 18 filaments and a hot water dimensional change rate (a1) of 7.9% was used as the warp. Further, a polyethylene terephthalate fiber having 56 dtex, 18 filaments, and a hot water dimensional change rate (a1) of 7.9% was used for the weft.

At the time of weaving, the yarn A1 and the yarn B1 are alternately arranged at a ratio of 1: 1 (number ratio) one by one, the tension of the yarn B1 is 0.7 cN / dtex, and the tension of the yarn A1 is 0.4 cN / As a dtex, a warp density was set to 175 / 2.54 cm, a weft density was set to 100 / 2.54 cm, and weaving was performed in a plain weave structure in which warps and wefts were interlaced one by one to obtain a plain woven fabric. . The obtained plain woven fabric was scoured using an open soaper, pre-set at 185 ° C. × 30 sec using a pin tenter, and intermediate set at 180 ° C. × 30 sec. Thereafter, calendering (processing conditions: cylinder processing, temperature 170 ° C., pressure 2.45 MPa (25 kgf / cm ² , speed 20 m / min) is applied twice to one side of the woven fabric, the warp density is 178 yarns / 2.54 cm, A plain woven fabric having a weft density of 104 / 2.54 cm and a cover factor of 2109 was obtained, and the air permeability, water pressure resistance, thickness, tensile mechanical properties and water permeability of the obtained plain woven fabric were evaluated by the above methods. .

  Table 1 shows the characteristics of the obtained plain woven fabric. Although the thickness is small, the breaking strength / elongation, elastic modulus, and water permeability were insufficient for use in stent grafts.

1. 1. Plain fabric 2. Warp yarn with crimp rate A Weft 4 Crimp rate B warp α. Cutting line β. Cutting line in the warp direction with crimp rate B

Claims (13)

Yarn was allowed to interlaced in circumstances a plain weave fabric which is woven, yarn YA arranged in the same direction, YB may have different crimp ratio A, B respectively, the relationship satisfies the following formula 1, crimp A plain woven fabric having a rate A of 15% or more and a crimp rate B of 4% or more.
A ≧ B × 1.2 (Formula 1) The plain fabric according to claim 1 , wherein the woven yarn YA having a crimp rate A and the woven yarn YB having a crimp rate B are arranged at a ratio of 1: 1. The plain fabric according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the cover factor is 2400 or more. Plain weave fabric as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3 air permeability is not more than 0.1cm ³ / ^cm 2 · sec. Plain weave fabric as claimed in any one of claims 1-4 water pressure is 9.8kPa (1000mmH ₂ O) or more. The plain fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein at least one surface is calendered. The plain fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein at least one surface is water-repellent. The woven yarns YA and YB arranged in the same direction are woven yarns woven using raw yarns Ya and Yb that have different hot water dimensional change rates a and b, respectively, and the relationship satisfies the following formula 2. The plain fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 7 .
b ≧ a × 1.1 (Formula 2) The plain woven fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 8 , wherein a tensile breaking strength in a warp direction is 200 N / cm or more. The plain woven fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 9 , wherein a tensile breaking elongation in a warp direction is 40% or more and 55% or less. The plain woven fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 10 , wherein a tensile elastic modulus in a warp direction is 300 Pa or more. The plain fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 11 , having a water permeability of 70 mL / min / cm ² or less. The method for producing a plain fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 12 , wherein weaving is performed under the following conditions (i) and / or (ii).
(I) Using yarns Ya and Yb having different dimensional change rates of hot water, these are arranged in the same direction and woven.
(Ii) When weaving, weaving yarns YA and YB arranged in the same direction are woven with different tensions.