JP6598414B1 - Fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to easily align a microscope with a region of a subject's fingertip where blood flow in a capillary is to be observed, and to suppress finger shake during observation. Provided is a fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope capable of easily observing blood flow of a capillary at a fingertip simply by combining them. A fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope includes a base 10, a microscope main body 20 that is detachably mounted on the base 10, a detachable attachment on the base 10, or a base 10. The fixed finger holders 50 and 61f that place the finger of the subject's hand constrained in a direction perpendicular to the finger and parallel to the base 10 and the outside of the distal end of the microscope main body 20 are detachable. Or a finger pressing plate that presses the vicinity of the cuticle of the fingernail that is fixed to the outside of the tip. The finger pressing plate is provided below the positioning member 70 attached to the tip of the microscope body 20. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope, and is particularly suitable for use in observing blood flow in capillaries of a fingertip of a hand.

  Conventionally, a digital microscope for blood flow observation is known as an apparatus for observing blood flow in capillaries such as fingertips of hands, and is commercially available (see Non-Patent Document 1). This digital microscope for blood flow observation is a combination of a microscope (microscope) and a monitor (display). A method for observing blood flow in capillaries at the fingertips of the hand with this digital microscope for blood flow observation is as follows. That is, first, the ring finger on the opposite side of the dominant hand is placed on the finger rest provided on the observation table directly under the microscope. Apply oil for preventing irregular reflection in advance to the ring finger. In the finger placement, a U-shaped groove is formed according to the shape of the finger. Then, with the finger placed on the finger rest, the tip of the microscope is moved back and forth, and the subject's finger is moved to approach the surface of the part immediately behind the cuticle of the fingernail. Then, while looking at the monitor, the position and focus are adjusted so that an image of the capillary blood vessel directly under the skin appears by moving the focus adjustment screw attached to the microscope barrel and the subject's finger.

[Search on March 1, 2019], Internet <URL: http://www.gokocamera.com/ev/bscan-z.php>

  In the digital microscope for blood flow observation described in Non-Patent Document 1, the blood flow can be clearly observed from the epidermis of the nail root within several millimeters of the nail from the cuticle of the nail. It is important to align. However, individual differences in finger size and nail size are large, and only the finger is placed on the finger holder during observation, so that only initial alignment and focusing are difficult. Moreover, because the body is shaken by breathing during observation, the observation target finger also moves up, down, left, and right, so it is necessary to align and focus each time, so the blood flow in the capillaries is clearly observed In order to do so, skill was required in the operation.

  Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is that the microscope can be easily positioned at the site where the blood flow of the capillary of the fingertip of the subject's hand is to be observed, and the shaking of the finger during observation is suppressed. It is an object of the present invention to provide a fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope capable of easily observing blood flow of a capillary blood vessel of a fingertip simply by adjusting the focus of the microscope.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides:
The base,
A microscope main body mounted on the base so as to be movable up and down relative to the base;
A finger rest that is detachably mounted on the base or is placed on the base and places a finger of a subject's hand in a state of being constrained in a direction perpendicular to the finger and parallel to the base. When,
A finger pressing plate that is detachably attached to the distal end portion of the microscope main body, or is fixed to the distal end portion and presses the vicinity of the cuticle of the fingernail;
It is the finger-tip capillary blood flow observation microscope which has.

  An elevating mechanism for making the microscope body movable up and down with respect to the base is typically configured to be operated by hand. A conventionally known lifting mechanism can be used and is selected as necessary. For example, the lifting mechanism can be turned inside the cylindrical member by manually rotating the cylindrical member provided to be rotatable relative to the base. A mechanism that raises and lowers the provided shaft with respect to the cylindrical member, and a pinion that is provided with a rack on the side of the support column that is fixed vertically to the base, and is attached to the holding member of the microscope body so as to be rotatable with respect to the holding member Is moved with respect to the rack by rotating the rotary knob attached to one or both ends of the rotation shaft of the pinion to rotate the pinion, thereby moving the holding member to the rack. It is a mechanism that moves up and down with respect to the column.

  The finger rest is, for example, a first finger rest that mainly places all or part of the middle phalanx and proximal phalanx of the finger and a second finger rest that places all or part of the distal phalanx of the finger. Consists of. The first finger rest and the second finger rest may be formed separately or may be formed integrally. Preferably, the lowest point of the part where the finger is placed on the first finger rest is slightly higher than the lowest point of the part where the finger is placed on the second finger rest, for example, 4 mm or less, typically 2.5 mm or more. The height should be 3.5 mm or less. In this way, when the finger is placed on the first finger rest and the second finger rest, the portion of the distal phalanx of the finger placed on the second finger rest becomes the distal phalanx and the middle phalanx. The first finger rest with the finger pressing plate lowered and lightly pressed on the nail surface in front of the fingernails of the fingernail to slightly bend downward relative to the middle phalanx part at the joint between When the finger placed on the base and the second finger rest is slowly moved forward, the lower end of the finger pressing plate hits the cuticle and gets caught. Therefore, at this time, the finger pressing plate is slightly lowered to press the vicinity of the cuticle of the fingernail. As a result, the finger is sandwiched between the first finger rest and the second finger rest and the finger pressing plate, and the finger is restrained in the direction perpendicular to the finger in addition to the direction parallel to the base. be able to. In this way, by suppressing the shaking of the finger during observation, it becomes easier to focus the microscope on the epidermis of the nail root near the cuticle of the nail, thereby making it easier to observe the blood flow in the capillaries.

  The finger pressing plate is positioned so that when the microscope body is lowered toward the base with the finger of the subject's hand placed on the finger rest, the fingernail is crossed in the direction perpendicular to the finger. Is decided. Then, when the finger pressing plate is slightly pressed near the cuticle of the fingernail and the finger is moved slightly forward, the finger pressing plate is caught by the cuticle. In this state, the position of the microscope body is fixed. At this time, by setting the distance between the finger pressing plate and the optical axis of the microscope main body in advance, the microscope main body can be positioned immediately above the epidermis of the nail root near the nail cuticle. That is, in the state where the tip of the finger pressing plate is caught by the cuticle, the optical axis of the microscope body can be aligned with the nail root adjacent to the cuticle of the fingernail. For this reason, the blood flow of the capillary can be observed by focusing the microscope on the epidermis of the nail root near the cuticle. The distance between the finger pressing plate and the optical axis of the microscope body is, for example, 1.0 mm or more and 2.0 mm or less. Preferably, the finger pressing plate is detachably attached to the distal end portion of the microscope main body, or is provided at a lower portion of a positioning member fixed to the distal end portion of the microscope main body. The positioning member includes, for example, a cylindrical portion fitted to the distal end portion of the microscope main body, a finger pressing plate provided parallel to the central axis of the cylindrical portion at the lower portion of the cylindrical portion, and a side surface of the cylindrical portion. It has a wing provided parallel to the central axis. Preferably, a transparent partition plate having a circular hole on the central axis of the cylindrical portion is provided inside the base portion of the cylindrical portion of the positioning member. The partition plate preferably contains a scatterer that scatters illumination light from the illumination light source. By doing so, it is possible to suppress the reflection of illumination light by the epidermis of the finger, and it becomes easier to observe the blood flow of the capillary blood vessels.

  Typically, a guide member that guides the finger pressing plate when the finger pressing plate moves up and down as the microscope main body moves up and down is detachably mounted on the base or is fixed to the base. By this guide member, the microscope main body, and hence the finger pressing plate can be moved up and down stably. Typically, the guide member has guide grooves in the vertical direction in which both ends of the finger pressing plate, or in the case where the wings are provided integrally with the finger pressing plate, are fitted into both ends of the wing. By sliding the finger pressing plate or both ends of the wing along the guide groove, it is possible to move up and down with minimal movement of the microscope. The second finger rest and the guide member may be formed integrally or separately. When the second finger rest and the guide member are integrally formed, typically, the second finger rest and the guide member are based on the second finger rest and the second finger rest on the base. When viewed from a direction that extends perpendicular to the base and is parallel to the base, it has an L-shape as a whole.

  The microscope main body has an imaging optical system including an objective lens provided on the side facing the base. The microscope main body may be the same as a lens barrel of a general optical microscope including an objective lens and an eyepiece, but preferably the objective lens is attached to one end face of the fiber bundle, A fiberscope having an image sensor on the end face is used. As long as the illumination optical system can illuminate the lower part of the objective lens, the illumination optical system may be provided integrally with the microscope main body, or may be provided separately from the microscope main body, and is selected as necessary. When the illumination optical system is provided integrally with the microscope main body, for example, a plurality of light emitting diodes are provided so as to surround the objective lens around the optical axis of the microscope main body. In particular, when the microscope main body is a fiberscope, an image formed by the objective lens of the microscope main body is picked up by the image pickup device, and an image acquired by the image pickup device is connected to the output end of the image pickup device. Via an external display or a display of a smartphone.

  According to this invention, the test subject places the finger of the hand on the finger rest, brings the microscope main body closer to the base, and the cuticle in a state where the tip of the finger press plate is caught on the cuticle of the fingernail by the finger press plate Can be restrained in the direction perpendicular to the finger and parallel to the base, thereby suppressing the shaking of the finger during observation. By aligning the focus of the lens with the epidermis of the nail root near the cuticle of the fingernail, the capillaries of the fingertip can be clearly observed.

It is a perspective view which shows the fingertip capillary blood-flow observation microscope by 1st Embodiment. It is a front view which shows the fingertip capillary blood clot blood flow observation microscope by 1st Embodiment. It is a top view which shows the fingertip capillary blood clot blood flow observation microscope by 1st Embodiment. It is a left view which shows the fingertip capillary blood clot blood flow observation microscope by 1st Embodiment. It is a right view which shows the fingertip capillary blood clot blood flow observation microscope by 1st Embodiment. It is the top view which shows the finger rest which comprises the fingertip capillary blood clot blood flow observation microscope by 1st Embodiment, a front view, and a right view. It is the top view which shows the L-shaped member which comprises the fingertip capillary blood clot blood flow observation microscope by 1st Embodiment, a front view, and a right view. It is the top view, front view, and right view which show the positioning member attached to the front-end | tip part of the microscope main body which comprises the fingertip capillary blood clot blood flow observation microscope by 1st Embodiment. The perspective view and front which show a mode that the wing | blade part of the positioning member attached to the front-end | tip part of the microscope main body which comprises the fingertip capillary blood clot blood flow observation microscope by 1st Embodiment is fitted in the guide groove of the wing | blade part of an L-shaped member FIG. It is a basic diagram which shows the site | part which observes the blood flow of the capillary blood vessel of a fingertip with the fingertip capillary blood clot blood flow observation microscope according to the first embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the position which inserts a finger at the time of observation in the fingertip capillary blood clot blood flow observation microscope by 1st Embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the state which inserted the finger at the time of observation in the fingertip capillary blood clot blood flow observation microscope by 1st Embodiment. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which a finger pressing plate of a positioning member attached to a distal end portion of a microscope main body constituting the finger tip capillary blood flow observation microscope according to the first embodiment presses the vicinity of the cuticle at the distal end of the finger. It is. It is a perspective view which shows the fingertip capillary blood-flow observation microscope by 2nd Embodiment. It is a front view which shows the fingertip capillary blood clot blood flow observation microscope by 2nd Embodiment. It is a top view which shows the fingertip capillary blood clot blood flow observation microscope by 2nd Embodiment.

  Hereinafter, modes for carrying out the invention (hereinafter referred to as “embodiments”) will be described.

<First Embodiment>
[Fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope]
1 to 5 show a fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope according to the first embodiment, FIG. 1 is a perspective view, FIG. 2 is a front view, FIG. 3 is a plan view, FIG. 4 is a left side view, and FIG. Is a right side view.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, this fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope includes a rectangular flat base 10, an elongated columnar microscope main body 20, and a microscope main body 20 that moves up and down relative to the base 10. A lifting tool 30 for holding, a holding arm 40 of the microscope main body 20 attached to the upper part of the lifting tool 30 in parallel to the base 10, a finger rest 50, and a guide or a finger for raising and lowering the microscope main body 20 An L-shaped member 60 used for placing and the like, and a positioning member 70 detachably attached to the distal end portion of the microscope main body 20 are included.

  The base 10 is made of a material and a size having a certain weight and rigidity so that the fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope can be stably placed on a desk or the like. The base 10 is made of a metal such as an aluminum alloy or a steel material, for example. Although the magnitude | size of the base 10 is selected as needed, for example, a long side is 12 cm or more and 18 cm or less, and a short side is 7 cm or more and 10 cm or less.

  Although not shown, the microscope body 20 may be similar to a lens barrel of a general optical microscope provided with an imaging optical system including an objective lens, an eyepiece, and the like provided on the optical axis. However, here, it is assumed that it is configured by a fiberscope. In the fiberscope, an objective lens is provided on one end surface of the fiber bundle, and an imaging element is provided on the other end side of the fiber bundle. The output terminal of the image sensor is connected to a computer display or a smartphone display via a cable, and an image can be displayed on these displays. The objective lens is provided at the tip (bottom) of the microscope body 20 facing the base 10. A plurality of (for example, eight) light emitting diodes as illumination optical systems are attached to the distal end portion of the microscope body 20 at equal intervals so as to surround the objective lens on the circumference around the optical axis. A rotary knob 21 for focusing is provided on the upper part of the microscope body 20.

  The lifting tool 30 is provided on a central axis parallel to the longitudinal direction of the base 10 at a position near one end of the base 10. The lifting / lowering tool 30 includes a cylinder 31 erected vertically to the base 10, a cylindrical lifting shaft 32 inserted into the cylinder 31 so as to be movable up and down with respect to the cylinder 31, and thus the base 10, A cylindrical zoom ring 33 provided coaxially with the cylinder 31 is provided outside the cylinder 31. A stopper 31 a for preventing the zoom ring 33 from shifting in the vertical direction is provided on the upper portion of the cylinder 31. The elevating shaft 32 can be moved up and down by rotating the zoom ring 33 clockwise or counterclockwise around its central axis. A conventionally known lifting mechanism for the lifting shaft 32 can be used. For example, a female screw is cut on the inner surface of the zoom ring 33, and a pair of slits extending in the direction of the central axis of the cylinder 31 is formed on the side surface of the cylinder 31 facing each other with respect to the central axis of the cylinder 31. A length that can pass through the lifting shaft 32 in a diametrical direction of a cross section of the lifting shaft 32 at a predetermined position in the longitudinal direction of the zoom ring 33 and can enter the groove of the internal thread of the zoom ring 33 through the slit. Attach a pin of thickness. In this way, when the zoom ring 33 is rotated clockwise or counterclockwise around its central axis, the pin is formed in the inner surface of the zoom ring 33 so that the pin enters the screw groove. The pins move up and down with respect to the zoom ring 33, and the lifting shaft 32 moves up and down. The stroke of the elevating shaft 32 is selected as necessary.

  The upper end portion of the lifting shaft 32 of the lifting tool 30 is slightly smaller in diameter than the lower portion thereof. One end of the holding arm 40 is provided with a cylindrical portion 41 having a vertical axis passing through the central axis of the holding arm 40 as a central axis. The inner diameter of the cylindrical portion 41 is slightly larger than the diameter of the upper end portion of the lifting shaft 32, and the cylindrical portion 41 is fitted to the upper end portion of the lifting shaft 32. A female screw (not shown) is cut on the inner surface of the upper end portion of the elevating shaft 32. The holding arm 40 is fixed to the lifting shaft 32 by screwing the fixing screw 34 into the female screw of the lifting shaft 32. A cylindrical holding portion 42 is provided at the other end of the holding arm 40, and a through-hole 42 a that penetrates the holding portion 42 in the vertical direction is provided in the holding portion 42. The through hole 42a is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the microscope main body 20, and the microscope main body 20 is passed through the through hole 42a. A through hole (not shown) reaching the through hole 42a is formed on one end of the holding portion 42 on the central axis of the holding portion 42, and a female screw is cut on the inner peripheral surface of the through hole. . The microscope body 20 is fixed to the holding portion 42, and thus the holding arm 40, by screwing the fixing screw 43 into the female screw of the holding portion 42.

  The finger rest 50 is attached to a portion opposite to the lifting tool 30 with respect to the L-shaped member 60 on the central axis in the longitudinal direction of the base 10. The finger rest 50 may be detachably attached to the base 10 or may be fixed to the base 10 by bonding or screwing. The finger rest 50 is for placing the finger at the time of observing the blood flow of the capillary blood vessel at the fingertip of the subject. 6A, 6B, and 6C show the finger rest 50 in an enlarged manner as compared with FIGS. 6A is a plan view, FIG. 6B is a front view, and FIG. 6C is a right side view. As shown in FIGS. 6A, 6B, and 6C, the finger rest 50 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape as a whole, and has a U-shaped groove 51 for placing the finger of the subject's hand on the central axis of the upper surface. The cross-sectional shape of the groove 51 is rectangular at the top and circular at the bottom. The width of the groove 51 is within a range in which the finger of the subject's hand, especially the portion of the ring finger from the proximal phalanx to the middle phalanx can be accommodated and the finger can be restrained in the width direction of the groove 51. However, it is generally 15 mm or more and 22 mm or less, for example 20 mm. The distance between the bottom of the groove 51 and the bottom surface of the finger rest 50 is, for example, 4 mm or more and 6 mm or less, for example 5 mm. The length of the finger rest 50 and thus the length of the groove 51 is selected as necessary, but is generally 40 mm or more and 50 mm or less, for example 48 mm. The width of the finger rest 50 is selected as necessary, but is generally 40 mm or more and 50 mm or less, for example 46 mm. The two corners of the finger rest 50 are rounded and chamfered, but may be not chamfered as indicated by a one-dot chain line in FIG. 6A if necessary. The material for the finger rest 50 is selected as necessary, but preferably a material having a certain degree of flexibility that allows the finger to be softly received, such as silicone resin, is used.

  Details of the L-shaped member 60 are shown in FIGS. 7A, 7B and 7C at the same scale as FIGS. 6A, 6B and 6C. 7A is a plan view, FIG. 7B is a front view, and FIG. 7C is a right side view. As shown in FIGS. 7A, B, and C, the L-shaped member 60 includes a horizontal portion 61 fixed on the base 10, and extends in a direction perpendicular to the base 10 with respect to the horizontal portion 61, and It consists of a pair of opposing vertical parts 62, 63. The horizontal portion 61 has a U-shaped planar shape having a rectangular recess 61a on one long side of a rectangular flat plate. The horizontal portion 61 has a symmetrical shape with respect to a straight line that bisects the long side. Holes 61d and 61e are provided in both ends 61b and 61c in the longitudinal direction of the horizontal portion 61, respectively. Fixing screws (not shown) are passed through these holes 61d and 61e, and are formed in the base 10 corresponding to these holes 61d and 61e. 60 is fixed to the base 10. The vertical portions 62 and 63 are provided along the long side at both ends of the long side opposite to the concave portion 61 a of the horizontal portion 61. The widths of the vertical portions 62 and 63 in the long side direction of the horizontal portion 61 are set to the same width as the both end portions 61 b and 61 c of the horizontal portion 61. A portion of the horizontal portion 61 where the recess 61a is provided constitutes a finger rest 61f. Guide grooves 62a and 63a are formed on the opposite side surfaces of the vertical portions 62 and 63 from the upper end surface of the vertical portions 62 and 63 to the middle height of the vertical portions 62 and 63, respectively. Both ends of a wing portion 73 of a positioning member 70 to be described later are fitted into these guide grooves 62a and 63a. The vertical portions 62 and 63 are further provided with elongated rectangular guide grooves 62b and 63b extending in the thickness direction from the upper end surface of the vertical portions 62 and 63 to a height in the middle of the vertical portions 62 and 63. Yes. In these guide grooves 62b and 63b, stoppers 74 and 75 of a wing portion 73 of a positioning member 70 described later are fitted and guided. The guide grooves 62b and 63b are not shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, FIGS. 9A and 9B described later, FIGS. 11, 12A and B, and FIGS. The material of the L-shaped member 60 is selected as necessary, and is, for example, a metal such as a plastic, an aluminum alloy, or a steel material.

  Details of the positioning member 70 are shown in FIGS. 8A, B and C on a scale of twice that of FIGS. 6A, B and C and FIGS. 7A, B and C. FIG. 8A is a front view, FIG. 8B is a bottom view, and FIG. 8C is a right side view. As shown in FIGS. 8A, 8B, and 8C, the positioning member 70 includes a cylindrical portion 71 fitted so as not to be easily detached from the distal end portion side of the microscope body 20, and a central axis of the cylindrical portion 71 on the lower surface of the cylindrical portion 71. The finger pressing plate 72 provided parallel to the central axis and symmetrically with respect to the cylindrical portion 71 at a position away from the distance D by the distance D, and a thin side provided parallel to the central axis of the cylindrical portion 71 on the side surface of the cylindrical portion 71 It has a flat wing 73. The wing portion 73 has a rectangular shape having a long side parallel to the central axis of the cylindrical portion 71 and a short side perpendicular to the central axis of the cylindrical portion 71. The finger pressing plate 72 is provided on one surface of the wing portion 73 so as to be integrated with the wing portion 73 and with the lower end surfaces thereof aligned with each other. The distance D is selected so that the optical axis of the microscope body 20 is located on the epidermis of the nail root adjacent to the cuticle with the tip of the finger pressing plate 72 caught on the cuticle of the fingernail during observation. The distance D is, for example, 1.0 mm or more and 2.0 mm or less, or 1.2 mm or more and 1.8 mm or less, or 1.3 mm or more and 1.6 mm or less, for example, 1.4 mm. The thickness of the finger pressing plate 72 is, for example, not less than 1.2 mm and not more than 1.7 mm, for example, 1.5 mm. The thickness of the wing portion 73 is set so that both ends of the wing portion 73 enter the guide grooves 62a and 63a of the vertical portions 62 and 63 of the L-shaped member 60 and can be moved up and down along the guide grooves 62a and 63a. It is selected slightly smaller than the width of the grooves 62a, 63a. For example, the thickness of the wing portion 73 is 0.8 mm, and the width of the guide grooves 62a and 63a is 1 mm. Stoppers 74 and 75 are provided on both sides of the lower end of the wing portion 73 at a slightly lower portion. These stoppers 74 and 75 are fitted in the guide grooves 62b and 63b of the vertical portions 62 and 63, and are moved up and down inside the guide grooves 62b and 63b when the wing portion 73 is moved up and down. The wing portion 73 stops when the lower surfaces of the stoppers 74 and 75 hit the lower surfaces of the guide grooves 62b and 63b. If necessary, the corner of the tip of the finger pressing plate 72 may be chamfered in a straight line as indicated by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 8C. However, you may chamfer the corner | angular part of the front-end | tip part of the finger press board 72 in curve shape, such as a circular arc. By doing so, it is possible to prevent the cuticle and nails from being damaged when the tip of the finger pressing plate 72 is hooked on the cuticle of the fingernail. A partition plate 76 having a circular hole 76 a on the central axis is provided inside the lower portion of the cylindrical portion 71. The partition plate 76 is configured to be able to scatter light from the light emitting diodes of the illumination light source, and is made of, for example, plastic including a minute scatterer. When viewed from the direction of the central axis of the microscope main body 20, the objective lens attached to the distal end of the microscope main body 20 is visible in the hole 76a and arranged around the objective lens. The plurality of light emitting diodes have a size that cannot be seen in the hole 76a. A protrusion 77 is provided on the side surface of the cylindrical portion 71 on the side opposite to the wing portion 73 with respect to the central axis. One end of the projection 77 in the central axis direction of the cylindrical portion 71 is provided at the same height as the upper surface of the partition plate 76. The other end of the protrusion 77 is located at a position in the middle of the cylindrical portion 71 in the central axis direction. A through hole (not shown) penetrating the projection 77 is provided on the central axis of the projection 77 parallel to the central axis of the cylindrical portion 71, and a female screw is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the through hole. Yes. A fixing screw (not shown) is screwed into this female screw, and the cylindrical portion 71, and thus the positioning member 70, is fixed to the microscope main body 20 by pressing the side surface of the microscope main body 20 with its tip. The material of the positioning member 70 is selected as necessary. For example, the positioning member 70 may be a metal such as plastic, an aluminum alloy or a steel material, a combination of these materials, or a combination of these materials and other materials such as rubber. There may be. For example, the portion other than the tip of the finger pressing plate 72 may be formed of plastic, and the tip of the finger pressing plate 72 may be formed of rubber, particularly hard rubber, which eliminates the risk of damaging the cuticle and nails. .

  FIGS. 9A, 9B and 9C show a state in which both end portions of the wing portion 73 of the positioning member 70 attached to the distal end portion of the microscope body 20 are fitted into the guide grooves 62a and 63a of the vertical portions 62 and 63 of the L-shaped member 60 and Shown later.

[How to use a fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope]
A method for observing blood flow in the capillary of the fingertip of the subject's hand using the fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope will be described.

  FIG. 10 shows a place where the blood flow of the capillary at the fingertip is observed. As shown in FIG. 10, the epidermis of the nail root adjacent to the cuticle of the fingernail is the observation location.

  First, this fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope is placed on a desk. Subject sits in a chair placed in front of this desk. At this time, the finger rest 50 of the fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope is placed on the subject side.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the distance between the distal end (lower end) of the finger pressing plate 72 of the positioning member 70 attached to the distal end portion of the microscope body 20 and the finger rest 61 f of the horizontal portion 61 of the L-shaped member 60. Create a gap that allows your fingers to enter. In this state, the subject places the finger of the hand, for example, the part of the left finger ring finger from the middle phalanx to the proximal joint in the groove 51 of the finger rest 50, and the portion of the distal phalanx at the tip of the finger is L. It is placed on the finger rest 61f of the character member 60. Next, a small amount of oil is applied to the part immediately behind the cuticle of the nail of the left finger to observe the blood flow of the capillaries. The reason for applying the oil is to suppress the reflection of the illumination light at the epidermis of the nail root and make it easy to observe the blood flow of the capillary blood vessels.

  Next, the microscope main body 20 is lowered by turning the zoom ring 33 of the lifting tool 30, and the vicinity of the cuticle of the fingernail is detected at the tip of the finger pressing plate 72 of the positioning member 70 attached to the tip of the microscope main body 20. Press lightly. In this state, the finger is moved slightly forward so that the tip of the finger pressing plate 72 is caught by the cuticle. Next, the microscope body 20 is slightly lowered and the finger pressing plate 72 presses the vicinity of the cuticle of the fingernail. At this time, the height of the microscope body 20 is fixed. At this time, the fingers on the finger rest 50 and the finger rest 61 f are restrained in a direction parallel to the base 10 and a direction perpendicular to the base 10. This state is shown in FIGS. 12A, B and C and FIG.

  Next, the focusing knob 21 provided on the upper part of the microscope body 20 is rotated clockwise or counterclockwise so that the objective lens of the microscope body 20 is focused on the nail root near the cuticle of the nail. Match with epidermis. After focusing in this way, the microscope main body 20 observes the blood flow of the capillary at the fingertip through the epidermis of the nail root. The image observed in this manner is picked up by the image pickup device, and the image is sent to a computer display or a smartphone display via a cable and displayed on these displays. In this way, the blood flow of the capillary at the fingertip can be observed on the display.

  As described above, according to the first embodiment, the finger of the subject whose subject is to observe the blood flow of the capillary is placed on the finger placing table 50 and the finger placing table 61f, and the tip of the finger pressing plate 72 is placed. By hooking the fingernails onto the cuticle of the fingernail and pressing the fingernail, the microscope body 20 is focused on the nail root adjacent to the cuticle of the fingernail in a state where the finger is restrained in a direction parallel to and perpendicular to the base 10. Capillary blood flow can be easily and vividly observed just by matching with the epidermis.

<Second Embodiment>
[Fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope]
14 to 16 show a fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope according to the second embodiment, FIG. 14 is a perspective view, FIG. 15 is a front view, and FIG. 16 is a plan view.

  As shown in FIGS. 14 to 16, this fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope is different from the fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope according to the first embodiment in the configuration of the lifting tool 30 and the holding arm 40. Thus, it has the same configuration as the fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope according to the first embodiment.

  That is, as shown in FIGS. 14 to 16, the lifting / lowering tool 30 includes a columnar column 35 erected vertically on the base 10 and a side surface of the column 35 facing the positioning member 70. And a rack 36 provided in the direction of the central axis. Each tooth of the rack 36 is parallel to the base 10. In this case, unlike the first embodiment, the holding arm 40 has an elongated flat plate shape with one end rounded, and the rounded one end has an inner diameter that is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the shaft 35. A hole 40a is provided, and a support column 35 is inserted into the through hole 40a so as to be movable with respect to the through hole 40a. A through hole 40b having an inner diameter that is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the microscope main body 20 is provided at the other end of the holding arm 40, and the microscope main body 20 is inserted into the through hole 40b. At the other end of the holding arm 40, a through hole (not shown) reaching the through hole 40b is formed on the central axis of the holding arm 40, and a female screw is cut on the inner peripheral surface of the through hole. It has been. The microscope main body 20 is fixed to the holding arm 40 by screwing the same screw as the fixing screw 43 into the female screw of the holding arm 40. A portion of the holding arm 40 adjacent to the rack 36 is a hollow (not shown), and a pinion 37 that meshes with the rack 36 is provided in the hollow. The pinion 37 is inserted and fixed with a shaft 38 provided parallel to the base 10 and parallel to the vertical portions 62 and 63 of the L-shaped member 60. The shaft 38 is inserted through a through-hole (not shown) penetrating the holding arm 40 in a direction parallel to the base 10 and parallel to the vertical portions 62 and 63 of the L-shaped member 60. At both ends of the shaft 38, flat cylindrical rotary knobs 39a and 39b for focusing, which are provided with unevenness for preventing slip on the outer peripheral surface, are provided symmetrically with respect to the rack 36 and the pinion 37. The holding arm 40 is moved with respect to the rack 36 by holding one of the rotary knobs 39a, 39b with a finger and rotating the pinion 37 by rotating it clockwise or counterclockwise, thereby holding it. The arm 40 and thus the microscope body 20 can be raised and lowered.

[How to use a fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope]
The method for observing the blood flow in the capillary of the fingertip of the subject's hand using this fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope is to move the microscope body 20 up and down by grasping one of the rotary knobs 39a and 39b with the finger of the hand. Or it is the same as that of 1st Embodiment except moving the holding arm 40 with respect to the rack 36 by rotating it counterclockwise.

  According to the second embodiment, advantages similar to those of the first embodiment can be obtained.

  Although the embodiment of the present invention has been specifically described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications based on the technical idea of the present invention are possible.

  For example, the numerical values, configurations, shapes, materials, methods, and the like given in the above-described embodiments are merely examples, and different numerical values, configurations, shapes, materials, methods, and the like may be used as necessary.

  Specifically, for example, in the first embodiment and the second embodiment described above, the finger pressing plate 72 and the wing portion 73 are separately formed and integrated. And the wings 73 may be integrally formed.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Base, 20 ... Microscope main body, 30 ... Lifting tool, 35 ... Post, 36 ... Rack, 37 ... Pinion, 40 ... Holding arm, 50 ... Finger rest, 60 ... L-shaped member, 61 ... Horizontal part, 61f: finger rest, 62, 63 ... vertical part, 62a, 62b, 63a, 63b ... guide groove, 70 ... positioning member, 71 ... cylindrical part, 72 ... finger pressing plate, 73 ... wing part

Claims (10)

The base,
A microscope main body mounted on the base so as to be movable up and down relative to the base;
A finger rest that is detachably mounted on the base or is placed on the base and places a finger of a subject's hand in a state of being constrained in a direction perpendicular to the finger and parallel to the base. When,
A finger pressing plate that is detachably attached to the distal end portion of the microscope main body, or is fixed to the distal end portion and presses the vicinity of the cuticle of the fingernail;
I have a,
A fingertip capillary blood flow observation in which a guide member that guides the finger pressing plate when the finger pressing plate ascends / descends as the microscope main body moves up and down is detachably attached or fixed on the base microscope.   2. The fingertip capillary according to claim 1, wherein the finger rest comprises a first finger rest on which the middle phalanx and proximal phalanx portions of the finger are mainly placed and a second finger rest on which the distal phalanx portion of the fingers is placed. Vascular blood flow observation microscope. Finger capillary blood flow observation microscope of the first finger stand portion nadir said second finger stand portion of 2mm or more 4mm or less highly claim 2, wherein from the lowest point to put fingers to put a finger. The fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope according to claim 2, wherein the second finger rest and the guide member are integrally formed. The fingertip capillary according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the finger pressing plate is detachably attached to the distal end of the microscope body, or is provided on a positioning member fixed to the distal end of the microscope body. Vascular blood flow observation microscope. The base,
A microscope main body mounted on the base so as to be movable up and down relative to the base;
A finger rest that is detachably mounted on the base or is placed on the base and places a finger of a subject's hand in a state of being constrained in a direction perpendicular to the finger and parallel to the base. When,
A finger pressing plate that is detachably attached to the distal end portion of the microscope main body, or is fixed to the distal end portion and presses the vicinity of the cuticle of the fingernail;
Have
Fingertip capillary blood configured so that the optical axis of the microscope body is aligned with the nail root adjacent to the cuticle of the fingernail when the tip of the finger pressing plate is caught on the cuticle of the fingernail Flow observation microscope. The fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope according to claim 6, wherein a distance between the finger pressing plate and the optical axis of the microscope main body is 1.0 mm or more and 2.0 mm or less. The base,
A microscope main body mounted on the base so as to be movable up and down relative to the base;
A finger rest that is detachably mounted on the base or is placed on the base and places a finger of a subject's hand in a state of being constrained in a direction perpendicular to the finger and parallel to the base. When,
A finger pressing plate that is detachably attached to the distal end portion of the microscope main body, or is fixed to the distal end portion and presses the vicinity of the cuticle of the fingernail;
Have
The finger pressing plate is detachably attached to the tip of the microscope main body, or is provided on a positioning member fixed to the tip of the microscope main body,
The positioning member is a fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope having a cylindrical portion fitted to the tip of the microscope main body, and the finger pressing plate and wings provided on the side surface of the cylindrical portion in parallel to the central axis of the cylindrical portion. The fingertip capillary blood flow observation according to claim 8, wherein a transparent partition plate having a circular hole on a central axis of the cylindrical portion is provided inside a portion of the cylindrical portion of the positioning member on the base side. microscope. The fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope according to claim 9, wherein the partition plate includes a scatterer that scatters illumination light from an illumination light source.

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