JP6595865B2 - Piston ring assembling apparatus and assembling method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a piston ring assembling apparatus and an assembling method for fitting a piston ring into a groove formed on an outer peripheral surface of a piston.

  The piston ring is an annular member that fits into a groove on the outer peripheral surface of a piston of a reciprocating engine, a compressor, a hydraulic device, or the like, and is partially cut away. As the piston ring, a flat ring member used for a top ring or a second ring and a corrugated ring member used for an oil ring are generally used.

  Piston ring assembling devices have been put to practical use in order to fit the piston ring into the groove on the outer peripheral surface of the piston. As a piston ring assembling device, for example, in Patent Document 1, a plurality of piston rings stacked in a row in a magazine portion are sequentially sent out, and the sent piston rings are expanded by a shutter to be formed on the outer peripheral surface of the piston. An apparatus is described which is disposed opposite to the groove and is fitted into the groove by contraction force when the piston ring is detached. Moreover, in patent document 2, a piston ring is sequentially sent out from the magazine part loaded in the non-expanded state, and the piston ring arranged at the tip is pushed out by the claw part and set in the expanded state. An apparatus is described in which a piston ring is fitted by moving the formed piston ring to a groove formed on the outer peripheral surface of the piston.

JP 2011-255427 A Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2015-77660

  In the above-described patent document, the piston rings loaded on the magazine are expanded one by one and fitted into a groove formed on the outer peripheral surface of the piston. In such an assembling method, the loaded flat ring members do not engage with each other and can be smoothly removed and attached one by one. However, with wavy ring members, the uneven portions engage with each other in the loaded state. Therefore, it was difficult to take out one by one smoothly.

  For example, in the assembling method described in Patent Document 1, it is inevitable that a plurality of wave-shaped ring members are sent together, and it is difficult to send them one by one. Further, in Patent Document 2, since the concave and convex portions of the wave-shaped ring members are engaged with each other in the loaded state, it is difficult to increase the diameter of only the ring member arranged at the tip in the loaded state, and take out one by one. It is difficult to install.

  For this reason, when attaching wave-shaped ring members, an operator manually attaches wave-shaped ring members one by one, but there is a problem in terms of work efficiency.

  Then, an object of this invention is to provide the assembly apparatus and assembly method of a piston ring which can attach a waveform ring member efficiently and reliably.

A piston ring assembling apparatus according to the present invention includes a supply unit that loads and sends wave-shaped ring members attached to a piston so as to be arranged in a line in the thickness direction, and the delivered ring member is 1 An extruding part that cuts out and expands from the inner peripheral side one by one, and a groove formed on the outer peripheral surface of the piston by moving the ring member toward the piston while holding the ring member in an expanded state A piston ring assembling device having a fitting portion to be fitted, wherein the push-out portion is arranged at the top of the support member and the plurality of ring members arranged and stacked on the support member. An extrusion member that pushes and expands the ring member outward from the inner peripheral side to support the next ring member, and a spacer member that is disposed on the support and contacts the leading ring member And the spacer member has an interval between the leading ring member and the support so that the leading ring member can move in the thickness direction and disengage from the next ring member. The extruding member holds the interval between the next ring member and the support so as not to move in the thickness direction after the engagement with the leading ring member is released. has been set to the pushing member, the provided movable toward the periphery side from a support member is a plurality arranged radially center side, the spacer member, on both sides of the pushing member A pair is arranged so as to abut. Further, the spacer member is supported in contact with a part of the inner peripheral side of the leading ring member.

  In the piston ring assembly method according to the present invention, wave-shaped ring members attached to the piston are stacked and sent out in a row in the thickness direction, and the delivered ring members are contained one by one. A set of piston rings that are cut out and expanded while being expanded from the peripheral side, and are moved toward the piston while being held in the expanded state, and are fitted into grooves formed on the outer peripheral surface of the piston. In the attaching method, the leading ring member in the delivery direction is brought into contact with a spacer member arranged on a support so that the distance between the leading ring member and the support is The distance between the ring member and the ring member is set so that the engagement state with the next ring member can be removed by moving in the thickness direction, and the leading ring member is moved outward from the inner peripheral side by the pushing member disposed on the support. Push ahead The ring member is moved from the spacer member onto the support to disengage the next ring member and held by the push member so that the next ring member does not move in the thickness direction. To do.

  The present invention has the above-described configuration, so that the spacer member can support the support member so that the leading ring member in the delivery direction can move in the thickness direction to release the engagement state with the next ring member. Since when the leading ring member is expanded from the inner peripheral side by the pushing member, the leading ring member moves from the spacer member onto the support member and the next ring member. The engagement state is released, and the ring-shaped ring members can be reliably set in the diameter-expanded state one by one. Therefore, with a simple configuration, the wave-shaped ring members can be reliably cut out one by one and assembled efficiently.

It is a schematic block diagram regarding the assembly apparatus of the piston ring which is embodiment of this invention. It is an external appearance perspective view regarding a wave-shaped ring member. It is the partially expanded side view which looked at the ring member toward the center from the outer peripheral side. It is explanatory drawing which looked at the slide member arrange | positioned on a support body from the axial direction. It is a partially expanded view regarding the part of A shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state which the press member moved by the piston and the slide member moved straightly to the peripheral side. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state which the press member moved further by the piston, and the slide member moved straight ahead to the peripheral side. It is explanatory drawing which shows the process in which the ring member of a diameter expansion state is moved with a shutter member, and it fits in the groove | channel of a piston.

  Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail. Note that the embodiments described below are preferable specific examples for carrying out the present invention, and thus various technical limitations are made. However, the present invention is particularly limited in the following description. Unless otherwise specified, the present invention is not limited to these forms.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram relating to a piston ring assembling apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. The piston ring assembling device 1 is disposed so as to face the tip of the piston P and to extend along the axial direction thereof. In the following description, the central axis of the piston P, the direction orthogonal to the central axis of the piston P, and the direction of the outer peripheral surface of the piston P are simply referred to as “axial direction”, “radial direction”, and “circumferential direction”, respectively.

  The piston ring assembling apparatus 1 includes a supply unit 2 that loads and sends a wave-shaped ring member E attached to a piston P in the thickness direction, and pushes out the sent ring members one by one from the inner peripheral side. An extruding portion 3 that cuts out and expands the diameter, and a mounting portion 4 that is moved toward the piston P while being held in a state where the diameter of the ring member is expanded, and is fitted into a groove formed on the outer peripheral surface of the piston P are provided. Yes.

  In the piston P, three grooves M1 to M3 are formed on the outer peripheral surface at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction. The grooves M1 to M3 are formed with a predetermined width over the entire circumference, a top ring that is a flat ring member is fitted into the groove M1, and a second ring that is a flat ring member is inserted into the groove M2. It is fitted and attached to each. In addition, a corrugated ring member used as an oil ring and flat side rails are fitted and attached to both sides of the groove M3.

  FIG. 2 is an external perspective view of a wave-shaped ring member. The wave-shaped ring member E is formed in an annular shape having a predetermined width, and a part thereof is notched so that the diameter can be increased. The ring member E has a corrugated shape with irregularities formed so as to be alternately bent in the thickness direction over the entire circumference. Such a wave-shaped ring member E is known as an oil ring. The concavo-convex shape is formed in a curved shape with a predetermined width on the inner peripheral side, and is formed to be bent linearly on the outer peripheral side. Here, the protruding direction of the concavo-convex shape of the ring member E (the direction orthogonal to the circumferential direction) is the thickness direction.

  FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged side view of the ring member E viewed from the outer peripheral side toward the center. On the outer peripheral side, the concavo-convex tip portions E1 and E2 are formed in a planar shape, and on the inner peripheral side, the concavo-convex tip portions E3 and E4 are formed in a curved shape and are thicker than the tip portions E1 and E2. Is partly protruding. Therefore, a step portion is formed from the inner peripheral side to the outer peripheral side.

  The supply unit 2 includes guide members 21 erected at equal intervals along the axial direction at the peripheral edge of the circular base body 20 as viewed from the axial direction. The base body 20 is formed with a diameter slightly smaller than the diameter of the outer peripheral surface of the piston P and is disposed along the radial direction. The base body 20 extends along the axial direction toward the piston P on the outer periphery of the base body 20. A delivery surface 20a is formed. The guide member 21 is erected on the opposite side to the piston P with respect to the base body 20, and the ring member E thrown from the outside is set by inserting the guide member 21 to the inner peripheral side. The set ring member E moves toward the piston P while being guided by the guide member 21, reaches the delivery surface 20 a, and is arranged in a row while being stacked in the thickness direction. When moving from the guide member 21 to the delivery surface 20a, the ring member E is slightly expanded in diameter or moved without being expanded in diameter and arranged on the delivery surface 20a. Therefore, it becomes possible to supply the ring member E smoothly to the supply part 2, and the supply operation of the ring member E can be performed efficiently. In this example, since the ring members E are arranged in the vertical direction, the ring members E can be arranged without gaps by stacking the ring-shaped weight on the uppermost ring member E. As will be described later, the lowest ring member E can be delivered smoothly. Even when the ring member E is arranged in a direction other than the vertical direction, the ring member E can be arranged without a gap by pressing the ring member E in the delivery direction with an elastic member or the like.

  A support member 22 is erected along the axial direction at the peripheral edge of the base body 20, and the support member 22 is connected and fixed to one end of the connection plate 23 through a notch portion of the ring member E and is connected to the connection plate. The other end of 23 is connected to the guide 5. Therefore, when the ring member E is inserted into the guide member 21, the notch portion of the ring member E can be aligned and set by aligning and inserting the notch portion at the connection position with the connecting plate 23. it can.

  The guide unit 5 includes a carriage 50 connected and fixed to the connecting plate 23, a rail 51 that holds the carriage 50 slidably in the axial direction, and a support column 52 that supports the rail 51. As will be described later, the guide unit 5 guides the supply unit 2 to move in the axial direction when the supply unit 2 is pressed during an extrusion operation.

  The extruding unit 3 includes a support body 30 fixed to the piston P side of the base body 20. The support 30 is formed in a circular shape when viewed from the axial direction, and the diameter of the outer peripheral surface is slightly larger than the diameter of the outer peripheral surface of the piston P. Therefore, the outer peripheral surface of the support 30 is larger than the diameter of the delivery surface 20a of the supply unit 2, and the outer peripheral edge of the support 30 has a predetermined width toward the outside over the entire circumference with respect to the delivery surface 20a. It is formed to expand.

  An extending portion 30a is formed on the outer periphery of the support 30 along the axial direction on the piston P side, and the diameter of the inner peripheral surface of the extending portion 30a is set to be substantially the same as the diameter of the outer peripheral surface of the piston P. Has been. Therefore, the extending portion 30a is formed such that the piston P can be inserted therein and the thickness thereof is thin. As will be described later, the outer peripheral surface of the extending portion 30a is a sliding surface that moves toward the piston P while holding the ring member E in an expanded state.

  A circular opening 30b is formed at the center of the support body 30, and a pressing member 31 is inserted into the opening 30b. The pressing member 31 has a cylindrical main body portion inserted into the opening 30b, and a pressing surface 31a formed in a tapered shape is formed in the insertion portion. And the front-end | tip part 31b which protruded in the base | substrate 20 side from the press surface 31a is inserted in the opening formed in the center part of the base | substrate 20, and is attached so that it can move to an axial direction. A circular flange portion 31c is formed at the end of the cylindrical body portion on the piston P side, and when the piston P is inserted inside the extending portion 30a, the top surface of the piston P is the flange portion. The pressing member 31 is brought into contact with 31c so as to move in the axial direction. Therefore, by forming the shape of the contact surface of the flange portion 31c so as to fit the top surface of the piston P, the pressing member 31 can be reliably moved in the axial direction.

  When the piston P is fitted to the flange portion 31c and moved in the axial direction, the pressing member 31 moves in the axial direction with respect to the base body 20 and the support body 30, and between the pressing surface 31a and the tip portion 31b. When the step portion contacts the opening of the base body 20, the base body 20 and the support body 30 move in the axial direction together with the pressing member 31. In this example, the pressing member 31 is moved by moving the piston P in the axial direction. However, the base member 20 is moved in the axial direction and fitted to the flange portion 31c on the top surface of the piston P, thereby pressing. It is also possible to move the member 31 relative to the base 20 and the support 30.

  The surface of the support 30 on the base 20 side is a flat and circular mounting surface 30c, and four slide members 32 are provided along the radial direction from the center. FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of the slide member 32 disposed on the support 30 as viewed from the axial direction. The slide members 32 are shifted by 90 degrees and are arranged radially on the mounting surface 30c of the support 30. The center side is arranged close to the pressing member 31, and the end surface 32a on the center side is as shown in FIG. It is formed on the inclined surface so as to be opposed to the pressing surface 31a of the pressing member 31 and to come into contact with the pressing surface 31a. A plate-like extrusion member 33 is attached and fixed to the peripheral side of the slide member 32 so as to extend in the radial direction, and a pair of spacer members 35 are disposed on both sides of the extrusion member 33. And fixed on the mounting surface 30 c of the support 30. A distal end surface on the outer peripheral side of the pushing member 33 is formed in a curved shape so as to engage with the inner peripheral side of the ring member E. In FIG. 4, the delivery surface 20a is drawn with a dashed-dotted line, and the outer periphery of the ring member E is drawn with the dotted line. As shown in FIG. 4, in a state where the pushing member 33 has moved to the center side, the distal end surface of the pushing member 33 is disposed closer to the center side than the delivery surface 20 a. The distal end portion of the spacer member 35 on the peripheral side protrudes outward from the delivery surface 20a and is in contact with and supported by a part of the inner peripheral side of the ring member E.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a groove portion is formed in the base 20 corresponding to the arrangement location of the slide member 32. In a portion other than the groove portion, the mounting surface 30c of the support 30 is brought into contact with the base 20 and is fixed by a bolt or the like. The slide member 32 abuts on the inner surface of the passage in the passage formed in the groove and is movable along the mounting surface 30c of the support 30 and is guided by the pair of spacer members 35. The mounting surface 30c of the support 30 is mounted so as to be linearly movable in the radial direction toward the center side or the peripheral side.

  A space for accommodating the spring member 34 is formed in the base body 20 on the base member 20 side of the slide member 32, and the spring member 34 is arranged in parallel with the slide member 32. The spring member 34 has an end on the center side in contact with the engaging portion 32b of the slide member 32, and an end on the peripheral side is in contact with the engaging portion 20b in the base 20, so that the slide member 32 faces toward the center. Energized to move. Therefore, when the pressing member 31 moves in the axial direction toward the base body 20, the pressing surface 31 a simultaneously presses the end surfaces 32 a of the four sliding members 32, and the sliding member 32 is resisted against the urging force of the spring member 34. Move radially toward the peripheral side. Then, by the movement of the slide member 32, as will be described later, an extrusion operation is performed in which the push-out member 33 cuts out the ring member E one by one while expanding the ring member E and expands the diameter. When the pressing member 31 returns to the original position, the slide member 32 moves in the radial direction so as to be pulled toward the center by the urging force of the spring member 34 and is set to the original position.

  Note that the number of slide members 32 to be arranged is not limited to four as long as the ring member E can be set to be spread almost uniformly over the whole. For example, the three slide members 32 can be arranged so as to be shifted by 120 degrees.

  The attachment portion 4 includes a ring-shaped shutter member 40 disposed so as to surround the outer periphery of the delivery surface 20 a, and the shutter member 40 is fixed to the support column 52 via the connecting member 41. The shutter member 40 is formed to have an inner diameter that is slightly larger than the diameter of the outer peripheral surface of the extending portion 30a, and the extending portion 30a passes through the shutter member 40 when the support 30 moves in the axial direction. I will continue to do. At that time, the shutter member 40 is engaged with the ring member E fitted in an expanded state on the outer peripheral surface of the extending portion 30a and is slid toward the piston P. And the ring member E remove | deviates from the extension part 30a at the timing when the edge part of the extension part 30a arrived at the groove | channel M3 of the piston P, and is fitted and attached to the groove | channel M3.

  FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged view of a portion A shown in FIG. As described with reference to FIG. 3, the plurality of ring members E stacked in the axial direction on the delivery surface 20 a overlap each other at the outer end portions E1 and E2 and the inner end portions E3 and E4 in the axial direction. It is set to the state engaged. The loaded ring member E is sent out toward the extruding portion 3, and the leading ring member E in the sending direction comes into contact with the spacer member 35 so that a predetermined distance t is formed between the mounting surface 30 c of the support 30. Arranged to be empty. Since the thickness of the spacer member 35 is formed thinner than the thickness of the pushing member 33, the inner peripheral side of the leading ring member E is arranged to face the front end surface of the pushing member 33.

  When a plurality of wave-shaped ring members E are stacked and arranged in the axial direction (thickness direction), the adjacent ring members E are stacked in an uneven shape and stacked. When only one head from the array of a plurality of loaded ring members E is expanded from the inner peripheral side, the uneven shape of the ring member E to be expanded tends to expand in the circumferential direction. In the state of being engaged with the ring member E, only one cannot be reliably expanded. Therefore, when the leading ring member E is expanded, it is necessary to remove it from the engaged state with the next ring member E.

  Therefore, the interval t is set to an interval at which the leading ring member E can be moved in the axial direction to release the engagement state with the next ring member E. Further, the pushing member 33 is set to have the same thickness as the interval T between the next ring member E and the mounting surface 30c in the stacked state, and when the leading ring member E moves in the axial direction. The next ring member E is supported so as not to move together and is held in the same position.

  6 and 7 are explanatory views showing a state in which the pressing member 31 is moved by the piston P and the slide member 32 is linearly moved to the peripheral side in FIG. In FIG. 6, the pushing member 33 operates so as to abut on the inner peripheral side of the leading ring member E and push outward in the radial direction by the movement of the slide member 32. At that time, the leading ring member E that contacts the spacer member 35 is slightly expanded in the radial direction by the pushing member 33, is removed from the spacer member 35, and is pushed out onto the mounting surface 30 c of the support 30. The ring member E is supported by the pushing member 33 and held at the same position. Therefore, the leading ring member E is disposed with a space t between the next ring member E, and the engagement with the next ring member E is released.

  When the leading ring member E is pushed and expanded from the inner peripheral side in an overlapping state with the next ring member E, the uneven shape of the leading ring member E is deformed so as to expand in the circumferential direction. A force that pulls out in the thickness direction acts on the overlapping portion. Therefore, by forming a space through which the leading ring member E escapes in the thickness direction by the spacer member 35, only the leading ring member E can be smoothly expanded on the mounting surface 30 c of the support body 30 while being expanded by the pushing member 33. Can be extruded.

  In FIG. 7, by further moving the pressing member 31 by the piston P, the leading ring member E in a state where the engagement with the next ring member E is released is further expanded by the pushing member 33, The expanded diameter state is set to be expanded outward from the outer peripheral surface of the extending portion 30a. Since the leading ring member E is disengaged from the engaged state with the next ring member, it can be smoothly set in a diameter-expanded state one by one.

  Then, when the pressing member 31 is further moved by the piston P and the pressing member 31 comes into contact with the base body 20, the base body 20 and the support body 30 are moved together with the pressing member 31. Relative movement to approach.

  FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing a process of moving the ring member E in the expanded state by the shutter member 40 and fitting it into the groove of the piston P. In a state where the base member 20 and the support body 30 are set so as to move together with the pressing member 31, the piston P is inserted into the support body 30, and the groove M3 of the piston P is disposed close to the outside of the end portion of the extension portion 30a. Is set to the state. Then, as the shutter member 40 moves relative to the support 30, the ring member E set in the diameter-expanded state at the distal end portion of the pushing member 33 contacts the shutter member 40 that moves relative to the axial direction. As a result, it moves away from the distal end portion of the pushing member 33 and moves to the outer peripheral surface of the extending portion 30a. Since the outer peripheral surface of the extending portion 30a is set to a diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the piston P, the ring member E moved to the outer peripheral surface of the extending portion 30a maintains the expanded diameter state, By expanding the diameter, it is in a state of being tightly held on the outer peripheral surface by an elastic force that tends to contract. Further, the shutter member 40 is further moved relative to the axial direction along the extended portion 30a, so that the ring member E is forcibly moved while being in contact with the shutter member 40. And when it reaches the end of the extension part 30a, it is detached from the extension part 30a and fitted into the groove M3 of the piston P.

  After the ring member E is attached, the force acting in the axial direction on the pressing member 31 is eliminated by moving the piston P in the direction away from the pressing member 31, and the pushing member 33 is moved to the center side by the tension spring 34. It is set to its original position so that it can be drawn. Therefore, the next ring member E is sent out and set at a position in contact with the space member 35 as shown in FIG.

  As described above, the spacer member secures a space that escapes in the thickness direction when the leading ring member in the delivery direction is expanded from the inner peripheral side, so that the leading ring member is engaged with the next ring member. Since it can remove | deviate from a state, a wavy ring member can be reliably set to a diameter-expanded state one by one. Therefore, with a simple configuration, the wave-shaped ring members can be reliably cut out one by one and assembled efficiently.

  In addition, since the wave-shaped ring member can be loaded in a state where the diameter is not substantially expanded before the diameter is expanded, the replenishment work of the ring member can be performed efficiently. It is possible to shorten the time during which the member is in an expanded state, and it is possible to suppress plastic deformation of the assembled ring member.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Assembly apparatus of piston ring, 2 ... Supply part, 3 ... Extrusion part, 4 ... Mounting part, 5 ... Guide part, 20 ... Base | substrate, 21 ... Guide Member, 22 ... support member, 23 ... connecting plate, 30 ... support, 31 ... pressing member, 32 ... slide member, 33 ... push-out member, 34 ... spring member 35 ... Spacer member, 40 ... Shutter member, 41 ... Connection member, 50 ... Carriage, 51 ... Rail, 52 ... Strut, E ... Ring member, M1-M3 ... Groove, P ... Piston, T, t ... Interval

Claims (3)

A ring-shaped ring member attached to the piston is stacked and sent so as to be arranged in a row in the thickness direction, and the delivered ring members are cut out and expanded one by one from the inner peripheral side. Piston ring assembly comprising: an extruding portion having a diameter; and a mounting portion that is moved toward the piston while being held in an expanded state, and is fitted into a groove formed on the outer peripheral surface of the piston. The pushing unit pushes the ring member at the head in the delivery direction out of the support and the plurality of ring members arranged and stacked on the support from the inner peripheral side to the outside. An extruding member that expands and supports the next ring member; and a spacer member that is disposed on the support and abuts against the leading ring member. The spacing between the support member and the support member is set such that the leading ring member can move in the thickness direction and disengage from the next ring member, The interval between the next ring member and the support body is set to an interval to keep it from moving in the thickness direction after the engagement with the leading ring member is released, A plurality of radially arranged pistons on the support body are provided so as to be movable from the center side toward the peripheral side, and a pair of the spacer members are arranged so as to contact both sides of the pushing member . Ring assembly device. The piston ring assembling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the spacer member is supported by being partially in contact with an inner peripheral side of the leading ring member. Wave-shaped ring members attached to the pistons are stacked and sent out in a row in the thickness direction, and the ring members that have been sent out are expanded one by one from the inner circumference side while being pushed out and expanded, A method of assembling a piston ring that is moved toward the piston while being held in an expanded state, and is fitted into a groove formed on the outer peripheral surface of the piston, wherein The ring member is brought into contact with the spacer member disposed on the support, and the space between the leading ring member and the support is moved in the thickness direction so that the leading ring member moves in the thickness direction. The leading ring member is expanded outwardly from the inner peripheral side by an extrusion member disposed on the support, and the leading ring member is expanded to the spacer member. From Method of assembling a piston ring for holding so as not to move the next of said ring member in the thickness direction by the pushing member with removing the engagement between the serial to move on a support following the ring member.

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