JP6593028B2 - Transmission type display device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a transmissive display device that presents an image formed by an image display device to an observer.

  Various optical systems have been proposed as an optical system incorporated in a virtual image display device such as a head mounted display (hereinafter also referred to as HMD) to be worn on the observer's head, and in particular, image light and external light are superimposed. A so-called see-through type (transmission type display device) for visual recognition is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  As such a see-through type virtual image display device, there is known a device provided with a shade or a light control device for light control of external light (for example, see Patent Documents 1 to 4). There is known a technique for adjusting the external light by changing the transmittance of the light (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 to 3). For example, Patent Document 1 describes a configuration in which the shade transmittance and the intensity of image light are made variable.

JP2013-122519A JP 2012-88472 A JP2013-5201A JP 2014-225823 A JP2015-38578 A

  The present invention relates to a transmissive display device (virtual image display device) that visually recognizes image light and external light in a superimposed manner, while taking into account the influence of a detachable shade, and with a simple structure, changes in external light It is an object of the present invention to provide a transmissive display device that can adjust image light in accordance with the above.

  A transmissive display device according to the present invention is a transmissive display device that visually recognizes image light and external light in a superimposed manner, and is provided so as to be detachable so as to be opposed to the display unit that displays the image light. A dimming shade for dimming external light and an image light control unit for adjusting the image light in accordance with changes including the influence of the dimming shade with respect to the external light.

  In the transmissive display device, when the image light is adjusted by the image light control unit, a change in the external light is controlled based on a result of detecting, for example, a change including an influence due to the attachment / detachment of the dimming shade by a sensor. By adopting such a configuration, it is possible to appropriately adjust the image light according to the change of the external light including the influence of the dimming shade regardless of whether the transmittance of the dimming shade is variable or not. Can also be made relatively simple.

  In a specific aspect of the present invention, the image processing apparatus further includes a sensor unit that detects a change in a component corresponding to a component that reaches the observer's eye among external light, and the image light control unit is based on a detection result in the sensor unit. Adjust the image light. In this case, the image light control unit can adjust the image light based on the detection result of the sensor unit.

  In another aspect of the present invention, the sensor unit includes an external light sensor that is covered by the light control shade during mounting of the light control shade and detects a change including the influence of the light control shade with respect to external light. In this case, the ambient light passing through the dimming shade can be detected by covering the external light sensor with the dimming shade.

  In still another aspect of the present invention, the dimming shade has an overhang portion provided corresponding to the external light sensor. In this case, the external light sensor can be reliably covered with the dimming shade by providing the overhanging portion.

  In still another aspect of the present invention, the sensor unit includes at least a shade detection unit that detects attachment / detachment of the light control shade, and an external light sensor that detects a component of external light, and the presence / absence of the light control shade and external light Are detected individually. In this case, the shade detection unit detects at least the attachment / detachment of the light control shade, and the external light sensor detects the external light component, thereby using the information obtained individually to influence the light control shade on the external light. Capturing the changes involved.

  In still another aspect of the present invention, the shade detection unit is a proximity sensor. In this case, the presence or absence of the light control shade can be reliably detected by bringing the proximity sensor close to the light control shade when the light control shade is attached.

  In still another aspect of the present invention, the shade detection unit detects the type of dimming shade. In this case, the image light can be controlled more appropriately by detecting the type of the light control shade in addition to the presence or absence of the light control shade.

  In still another aspect of the present invention, the video light control unit controls the video light based on a value obtained by correcting the component of the external light detected by the external light sensor according to the type of the light control shade detected by the shade detection unit. Adjust. In this case, video light control can be performed in consideration of both the type of light control shade and the external environment.

  In yet another aspect of the present invention, the shade detection unit includes a light-emitting element that emits light toward the dimming shade, and a light-receiving element that receives reflected light of the light emitted from the light-emitting element. The surface treatment is performed on the reflection surface that reflects the light from the light emitting element. In this case, the dimming shade can be detected by receiving the reflected light from the light emitting element with the light receiving element, and the type of the dimming shade can be detected depending on the surface processing.

  In still another aspect of the present invention, the shade detection unit detects the dimming shade by the contact of the metal terminal. In this case, the light control shade can be detected easily and reliably by the contact of the metal terminal.

  In still another aspect of the present invention, the external light sensor detects a component of external light in a direction parallel to a direction assumed as the visual line direction of the observer during wearing. In this case, it is possible to adjust the image light in accordance with the state of the eyes of the observer who is looking at the outside.

  In still another aspect of the present invention, the external light sensor is an illuminance sensor that measures the illuminance of external light. In this case, the image light can be adjusted based on the illuminance of the external light.

  In still another aspect of the present invention, the sensor unit is provided on the incident unit side of the light guide member that guides the image light. In this case, the wiring of the sensor unit can be simplified.

  In yet another aspect of the invention, the dimming shade has a constant transmittance. In this case, the light control shade can be easily produced.

  In still another aspect of the present invention, the dimming shade can adjust the transmittance. In this case, the state of external light can be adjusted as necessary.

  In still another aspect of the present invention, the dimming shade is made of an electrochromic material, a liquid crystal material, or a suspended particle devices (SPD) material. In this case, the transmittance of the light control shade can be made variable.

  In still another aspect of the present invention, the dimming shade dims a component in a specific wavelength band among the components of the external light, and the video light control unit responds to the dimming shade among the video light components. The component corresponding to the component of the specific wavelength band to be dimmed is adjusted. In this case, for example, when the color changes when the specific wavelength band of the external light is cut, the color of the video light can be harmonized accordingly.

It is a perspective view explaining simply the appearance of the transmission type display apparatus concerning a 1st embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the external appearance of the transmissive display apparatus which attached the light control shade. (A) is a front view of the transmissive display device with the dimming shade removed, and (B) is a front view of the transmissive display device with the dimming shade attached. It is a figure shown about the optical path of the image light in a transmissive display apparatus. It is a block diagram for demonstrating an example of control of a transmissive display apparatus. It is a block diagram for demonstrating one modification of control of a transmissive display apparatus. (A) is a front view for demonstrating the transmissive display apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment, (B) is a partially expanded view of (A). It is a block diagram for demonstrating an example of control of a transmissive display apparatus. It is a conceptual diagram for demonstrating an example of a proximity sensor. It is a flowchart for demonstrating control of the image light according to a light control shade. (A) And (B) is a conceptual diagram for demonstrating an example of the detection of the shade by the contact of a metal terminal.

[First Embodiment]
Hereinafter, an embodiment of a transmissive display device including the light guide device and the light guide device according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 1 and the like.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3A and the like, the transmissive display device 100 including the light guide device according to the present embodiment is a head-mounted display having an appearance like glasses. The image light (video light) by the virtual image can be visually recognized by the observer or user who wears it, and the external image can be viewed or observed through the see-through (permeate the external light).

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3B, the transmissive display device 100 can be attached with a light control shade 90 which is a flexible member formed of a light-blocking or light-absorbing resin material or the like. It is said. The dimming shade 90 is attached so as to cover a pre-eye expected portion of the transmissive display device 100 (a portion corresponding to the front side of a position where the observer's eyes are supposed to be located) and transmits external light. It is an external light transmittance adjusting device that performs dimming of external light such as reducing the rate to improve video visibility. In other words, the transmissive display device 100 can change the transmittance of the external light by adjusting the shade 90 so that the visual field on the external side can be adjusted with respect to the see-through. In addition, although the thing of a various aspect is applicable as the light control shade 90, as an example, it is considered that it shall have the fixed transmittance | permeability produced with the uniform material.

  In addition to the above, the transmissive display device 100 includes a controller (control device) CR for receiving instructions of various operations from an observer as shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, the controller CR is connected to the main body part 100p having the optical function described above in the transmissive display device 100 by, for example, a wire, and has a button part, a touch panel part, etc., and the display operation of the main body part 100p. It functions as an input device that accepts an operation instruction from an observer for such as.

  In the main body portion 100p, the transmissive display device 100 first and second covers the front of the eye (a portion assumed as the front of the eye, a pre-eye assumed portion) that is one of the viewing directions (for example, the Z direction) of the observer so as to be seen through. First and second image formations added to the optical members 101a and 101b, the frame portion 102 that supports both optical members 101a and 101b, and the portions extending from the left and right ends of the frame portion 102 to the rear temple portion (temple) 104. Main body portions 105a and 105b are provided. Here, the first display device 100A in which the first optical member 101a on the left side and the first image forming body 105a in the drawing are combined is a display unit DSa that forms a virtual image for the right eye. It functions as a display device (virtual image display device). In addition, the second display device 100B in which the second optical member 101b on the right side in the drawing and the second image forming main body portion 105b are combined is a display portion DSb that forms a virtual image for the left eye, and can be used alone or in a transmissive display. Functions as a device.

  In addition to the above, the transmissive display device 100 according to the present embodiment includes an external light sensor SS that measures the state of external light as the sensor unit SP. The external light sensor SS is composed of an illuminance sensor (transmitted light illuminance sensor) that measures the illuminance of external light, for example. As illustrated in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3A, the external light sensor SS is disposed on the side of the main body portion 100p and is assumed to be the front side, that is, the front side that is one of the viewing directions of the observer. The range corresponding to the entire range of the observer's visual field is set as the detection range. In other words, the external light sensor SS can detect the component corresponding to the component that reaches the observer's eyes in the external light by making the detection range correspond to the visual field of the observer. Furthermore, the external light sensor SS can detect an external light component in a direction parallel to a direction assumed as the visual line direction of the observer during wearing (a direction corresponding to the visual line direction). Yes.

  Here, in particular, in the present embodiment, as illustrated in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3B, the dimming shade 90 has an overhanging portion OP provided corresponding to the installation position of the external light sensor SS. Yes. That is, the external light sensor SS measures the illuminance of external light while being covered by the overhanging portion OP of the light control shade 90 while the light control shade 90 is being mounted. In other words, the overhang portion OP covers the entire detection range of the external light sensor SS. As a result, regarding the detection of the component corresponding to the component that reaches the eye of the observer in the external light, a change in illuminance including the effect of the presence or absence of the dimming shade 90 is detected. That is, in the state without the dimming shade 90 illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 3A, the illuminance of normal outside light is measured as it is, while in the state with the dimming shade 90, the dimming shade 90 is obtained. It measures the illuminance of the external light after passing through. In other words, the sensor unit SP is a unitary information on the presence / absence of the light control shade 90 and the illuminance of the external light by the cooperation of the external light sensor SS and the overhanging unit OP. It is to be acquired.

  Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 4, the optical function in the main body portion 100p of the transmissive display device 100 will be described. As for the optical function, since the same operation is performed in the pair of left and right display units DSa and DSb (display devices 100A and 100B), only the first display device 100A is illustrated and described, and the second display device 100B is described. Does not show illustrations.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the first display device 100 </ b> A can be regarded as including a projection see-through device 70 that is a projection optical system and an image display device 80 that forms image light. The projection see-through device 70 has a role of projecting the image formed by the image display device 80 as a virtual image onto the observer's eyes. The projection see-through device 70 includes the first optical member 101a or the light guide device 20 and the projection lens 30 for image formation. The first optical member 101a or the light guide device 20 includes a light guide member 10 for light guide and see-through and a light transmitting member 50 for see-through. The first image forming main body portion 105 a includes the image display device 80 and the projection lens 30.

  The image display device 80 is a backlight that emits illumination light to the video display element 82 in addition to a video display element (video element) 82 that is a transmissive spatial light modulation device including a liquid crystal panel or the like as a main body. It has a device 83. Various drivers are also provided as a drive control unit that controls the operation of the video display element 82 and the like.

  The projection lens 30 is a projection optical system that includes, for example, three optical elements (lenses) 31 to 33 along the incident side optical axis (optical axis AX) as components, and houses these optical elements 31 to 33. It is supported by the lens barrel 39. The lenses 31 to 33 include non-axisymmetric curved surfaces (free curved surfaces).

  The light guide device 20 includes a light guide member 10 for guiding light and see-through, and a light transmitting member 50 for see-through. The main portions of the light guide member 10 and the light transmitting member 50 are formed of a resin material that exhibits high light transmittance in the visible region, such as a cycloolefin polymer. As described above, the light guide member 10 is a part of the prism type light guide device 20 and is an integral member, but the first light guide portion 11 on the light emission side and the second light guide side second. The light guide portion 12 can be divided and understood. The light transmission member 50 is a member (auxiliary optical block) that assists the see-through function of the light guide member 10, and is fixed integrally with the light guide member 10 to form one light guide device 20. In the light guide device 20 having the above-described configuration, the distal end portion located on the light source side (base side) is fitted to the end portion of the lens barrel portion 39, so that the projection lens 30 is accurately positioned and fixed. Has been.

  Hereinafter, the structure and the like of the light guide device 20 will be described in detail from the viewpoint of optical functions. As described above, the light guide device 20 includes the light guide member 10 and the light transmission member 50. Among these, as for the light guide member 10, the center side part near a nose is extended linearly in planar view. Of the light guide member 10, the first light guide portion 11 disposed on the center side close to the nose, that is, on the light exit side, includes a first surface S11, a second surface S12, and a side surface having an optical function. The second light guide portion 12 having the third surface S13 and disposed on the peripheral side away from the nose, that is, on the light incident side, includes the fourth surface S14 and the fifth surface as side surfaces having an optical function. S15. Among these, the first surface S11 and the fourth surface S14 are continuously adjacent, and the third surface S13 and the fifth surface S15 are continuously adjacent. In addition, the second surface S12 is disposed between the first surface S11 and the third surface S13, and the fourth surface S14 and the fifth surface S15 are adjacent to each other at a large angle. Furthermore, here, the first surface S11 and the third surface S13 which are arranged to face each other have a planar shape substantially parallel to each other. On the other hand, other surfaces having an optical function, that is, the second surface S12, the fourth surface S14, and the fifth surface S15 are non-axisymmetric curved surfaces (free curved surfaces).

  Here, the half mirror layer 15 is attached to 2nd surface S12 among said each surface which comprises the light guide apparatus 20. FIG. The reflectance of the half mirror layer 15 is adjusted from the viewpoint of facilitating observation of external light by see-through. The fifth surface S15 is formed by depositing a light reflecting film RM formed of an inorganic material or the like, and functions as a mirror reflecting surface.

  Furthermore, in the light guide device 20, the light guide member 10 is bonded by being bonded to the light transmission member 50 via the adhesive layer CC, and the bonding surface of the light guide member 10 and the light transmission member 50 is bonded. A portion constituted by the adhesive layer CC is defined as a joint portion CN. That is, the half mirror layer 15 associated with the second surface S12 is formed at the junction CN.

  The light transmission member 50 includes a first transmission surface S51, a second transmission surface S52, and a third transmission surface S53 as side surfaces having an optical function. The first transmission surface S51 is on a surface obtained by extending the first surface S11 of the light guide member 10, and the second transmission surface S52 is joined and integrated with the second surface S12 by the adhesive layer CC. It is a curved surface, and the third transmission surface S53 is on a surface obtained by extending the third surface S13 of the light guide member 10. Among these, since 2nd transmissive surface S52 and 2nd surface S12 of the light guide member 10 are integrated by joining via the thin contact bonding layer CC, they have the shape of the substantially same curvature.

  Hereinafter, an example of an optical path such as image light will be described. The video light GL emitted from the image display device 80 passes through the projection lens 30 and converges, and enters the fourth surface S14 provided on the light guide member 10 of the light guide device 20. The video light GL that has passed through the fourth surface S14 travels while converging, is reflected by the fifth surface S15, is incident again on the fourth surface S14 from the inside, and is reflected. The video light GL reflected by the fourth surface S14 enters the third surface S13 and is totally reflected, and enters the first surface S11 and is totally reflected. Here, the video light GL forms an intermediate image in the light guide member 10 before and after passing through the third surface S13. The image plane II of the intermediate image corresponds to the image plane of the video display element 82. The video light GL totally reflected by the first surface S11 is incident on the second surface S12. In particular, the video light GL incident on the half mirror layer 15 provided on the second surface S12 partially passes through the half mirror layer 15. The light is partially reflected and partially incident on the first surface S11 and passes therethrough. The video light GL that has passed through the first surface S11 enters the pupil of the observer's eye or an equivalent position thereof as a substantially parallel light beam.

  On the other hand, for external light, the third surface S13 and the first surface S11 are substantially parallel to each other, and the third transmission surface S53 and the first surface S11 are extended from the third surface S13. The presence of the first transmission surface S51 allows the observer to observe an external image without distortion with almost no aberration. As described above, the light guide device 20 constitutes a see-through type optical system that superimposes image light and external light.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the image light from the image display element 82 is transmitted five times from the first surface S11 to the fifth surface S15 including at least two total reflections in the light guide member 10. It is guided by reflection. This makes it possible to achieve both the display of the video light GL and the see-through for visually recognizing the external light HL, and to correct the aberration of the video light GL.

  Various modes can be applied to the image display device 80. For example, it is possible to configure the image display device 80 with a liquid crystal panel or the like using a normal LED or various lamps as a light source.

  Various operation controls of the image display device 80 and the like described above are performed by the video light control unit 290 which is a control unit provided in the controller CR. The video light control unit 290 is connected to an external light sensor SS and the like, and acquires various information necessary for controlling the video light. In particular, in the present embodiment, the image light control unit 290 adjusts the image light based on the information regarding the change in the component corresponding to the component reaching the observer's eye among the external light acquired by the external light sensor SS. Yes. As a result, the transmissive display device 100 according to the present embodiment can adjust video light appropriately according to the influence of the presence or absence of the dimming shade 90 while having a simple structure.

  Hereinafter, the control for adjusting the image light in the transmissive display device 100 will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 5 is a block diagram for conceptually explaining each part related to control of image light in the transmissive display device 100. As shown in the figure, the transmissive display device 100 includes an image display device 80 and an external light sensor SS for controlling image light in a main body portion 100p having an optical function. Further, the transmissive display device 100 includes an operation unit BT, a memory unit MP, and a power supply unit PP in addition to the image light control unit 290 in the controller CR including the image light control unit 290 that performs control operations.

  Of the main body portion 100p, the image display device 80 includes the video display element 82 and the lighting device 83 as described above. Here, as a pair of left and right, first, the right-eye video display element 82R includes a right-eye liquid crystal driver 84R (liquid crystal driver R) and a right-eye liquid crystal panel 85R (liquid crystal panel R). The right-eye illumination device 83R includes a right-eye light source driver 86R (light source driver R) and a right-eye light source 87R (light source R). Similarly, the left-eye video display element 82L includes a left-eye liquid crystal driver 84L (liquid crystal driver L) and a left-eye liquid crystal panel 85L (liquid crystal panel L). The left-eye illumination device 83L includes a left-eye light source driver 86L (light source driver L) and a left-eye light source 87L (light source L). The image display device 80 performs display operation of video light in accordance with a signal from the video light control unit 290. The image light control unit 290 performs operation control by transmitting a command signal to each driver.

  As described above, the external light sensor SS is composed of, for example, an illuminance sensor that measures the illuminance of external light. The external light sensor SS detects a component corresponding to a component that reaches the observer's eye in the external light, and the detection result is a controller. The image is transmitted to the CR video light control unit 290.

  Among the controllers CR, the operation unit BT includes, for example, a button unit and a touch panel unit for an observer to perform various operations, an apparatus that transmits input signals from these, and the like. It functions as an input device that accepts operation instructions.

  The memory unit MP stores various programs necessary for video control under the control of the video light control unit 290 and various data such as image data (for example, table data relating to a coefficient A for adjusting the amount of external light, which will be described later). Yes.

  The power supply part PP supplies power to each part constituting the controller CR under the control of the video light control part 290, and further supplies power to each part of the main body part 100p connected by wire.

  As described above, the video light control unit 290 is a main control unit that controls the control operation of the controller CR, and controls the operation of each unit constituting the controller CR and is connected to the image display device 80 and the like of the main body portion 100p. Thus, various controls are performed by transmitting and receiving signals to and from these, and the entire video light control is integrated.

  Hereinafter, an example of an image light control operation according to a change in external light by the transmissive display device 100 will be described. First, the image light control unit 290 acquires the light amount of the component of the external light detected by the external light sensor SS. As described above, the light amount of the external light component takes into account the effect of the presence or absence of the light control shade 90. That is, if the dimming shade 90 is attached, the external light sensor SS is covered by the overhanging portion OP of the dimming shade 90, and thus its spectral amount is detected low. On the other hand, if the light control shade 90 is not mounted (if the light control shade 90 is not mounted), the external light sensor SS detects the amount of external light as it is. Regardless of the presence or absence of the dimming shade 90, the detection value of the change of the external light itself changes accordingly. The image light control unit 290 calculates an image luminance value of the image light based on the light amount of the external light sensor SS, and causes each unit to perform a display operation using the image light based on the calculated image luminance value. Further, the image light control unit 290 repeatedly obtains information on the amount of light of the external light component by the external light sensor SS, and the image brightness value is changed as the light amount L changes, that is, the external environment becomes brighter or darker. Will change.

  As described above, in the transmissive display device 100 according to the present embodiment, see-through in which video light and external light are superimposed and visible is possible, and the adjustment of external light by the detachable dimming shade 90 is possible. It makes light possible. At this time, the adjustment of the image light by the image light control unit 290 is performed on the change of the component corresponding to the component of the external light reaching the eye of the observer, based on the change including the effect of the attachment / detachment of the dimming shade. Is going. As a result, the image light control unit 290 has a relatively simple structure that does not have a complicated calculation function, and achieves appropriate adjustment of the image light according to changes in the external environment (the luminance of the external light that the observer sees). ing.

  In the above-described embodiment, the light control shade 90 has a certain transmittance. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the light control shade 90 is manufactured by using an electrochromic material, a liquid crystal material, or an SPD (Suspended Particle Devices) material. The transmittance may be adjustable. More specifically, for example, it may be configured with an electronic shutter function that adjusts the transmittance by blocking external light using liquid crystal or the like.

  FIG. 6 is a block diagram for explaining an example of operation control in the case of applying a light control shade 90 whose transmittance can be adjusted by electric drive, such as an electronic shutter function. FIG. 6 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 5, and further includes a shade driver SD in addition to the image display device 80 and the external light sensor SS on the main body portion 100 p side in order to operate the dimming shade 90. Except for this point, it is the same as the case of FIG. In this case, the image light control unit 290 can control the image light based on the detection from the external light sensor SS and can also adjust the transmittance of the dimming shade 90. In this case, for example, an illuminance change related to external light is fed back to further change the transmittance of the light control shade 90 so that the amount of external light reaching the eye after passing through the light control shade 90 is controlled to be constant. It is possible.

[Second Embodiment]
The transmissive display device according to the second embodiment will be described below. The present embodiment is a modification of the transmissive display device according to the first embodiment. Except for the structure of the sensor unit SP and the dimming shade 90 and the control operation associated with the difference between these structures, the first embodiment is described. Since this is the same as the case of, detailed description of the whole is omitted.

  FIG. 7A is a front view for explaining the transmissive display device 200 according to this embodiment, and FIG. 7B is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 7A. FIG. 8 is a block diagram for explaining an example of control of the transmissive display apparatus 200, and corresponds to FIG. As shown in the figure, in the present embodiment, the sensor unit SP includes a shade detection unit DT in addition to the external light sensor SS, and individually detects the presence / absence of the light control shade 90 and the component of external light. However, this is different from the first embodiment. Here, as an example, the shade detection unit DT is located on the side of the display units DSa and DSb (first and second display devices 200A and 200B) so as to accompany the display unit DSb (second display device 200B). It is assumed that it is a proximity sensor provided in Further, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7A, the external light sensor SS is not covered even when the dimming shade 90 is mounted. In the case of this embodiment, first, when the light control shade 90 is mounted, the shade detection unit DT that is a proximity sensor is positioned on the immediate back side of the light control shade 90, and the light detection shade 90 is detected by the shade detection unit DT. Can be performed reliably. On the other hand, the external light sensor SS is not covered with the dimming shade 90, and always detects a component of external light that is not affected by the dimming shade 90. That is, the sensor unit SP detects the attachment / detachment of the light control shade 90 in the shade detection unit DT, and the external light sensor SS is a component that reaches the observer's eye in the external light (the external environment that does not consider the effect of the light control shade 90). The component corresponding to the light component) is detected, and the detection result is transmitted to the image light control unit 290. The image light control unit 290 uses the information about the shade such as the presence / absence of the shade transmitted from the shade detection unit DT and the external light sensor SS of the sensor unit SP and the information about the component of the external light, thereby The image light can be adjusted in accordance with a change including the influence of the light control shade with respect to the component corresponding to the component reaching the observer's eye in the light.

  FIG. 9 is a diagram conceptually illustrating an example of the proximity sensor that configures the shade detection unit DT. Here, the shade detection unit DT includes a light emitting element EE that emits light toward the dimming shade 90 and a light receiving element RE that receives the reflected light of the light emitted from the light emitting element EE. It shall be configured. That is, light (for example, infrared rays) emitted from the light emitting element EE receives light reflected by the reflecting surface IA, which is a specific area on the back surface of the dimming shade 90, which is a measurement object, at the light receiving element RE. Then, the light control shade 90 is detected. Here, for each type of dimming shade 90, the reflection surface IA, which is a specific area on the back surface, is subjected to different surface processing, the reflectance is changed, and the light receiving rate at the light receiving element RE is changed, thereby detecting shades. A mode in which the type of the light control shade 90 can be detected by the part DT can be achieved. In addition, various aspects are possible about the surface processing of the reflective surface IA, and the object can be achieved, for example, by applying a texture processing at a specific ratio or changing the curvature or unevenness of the surface.

  7B, the shade detection unit DT in the sensor unit SP is provided near the incident unit side of the light guide member 10 that guides the image light in the second display device 100B. . In this case, the shade detection unit DT is positioned near the controller CR (see FIG. 1 and the like), and wiring can be simplified. This can be similarly applied to the external light sensor SS. That is, the external light sensor SS may also be provided near the incident portion side of the light guide member 10 that guides the image light so that the external light sensor SS is located near the controller CR.

  Hereinafter, an example of video light control according to the light control shade 90 in the transmissive display device 200 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. Here, it is assumed that the reflection surface IA of the light control shade 90 is not particularly subjected to surface processing or the like, and the transmittance (reflectance) of the light control shade 90 is reflected as it is.

  Here, as an example, it is assumed that two types of dimming shades (shades α and β) can be identified by the shade detection unit DT. It is assumed that shade α is transmittance t1 (reflectance r1), shade β is transmittance t2 (reflectance r1), and t1> t2 (r1 <r2).

  Here, two threshold values C1 and C2 (C1 <C2) predetermined for the light reception value of the reflected light are provided. That is, for the numerical value S detected by the shade detection unit DT, the presence / absence and type of dimming shade identification are identified by the magnitude relationship with respect to the two threshold values C1 and C2. Note that the threshold value C1 is determined according to (1-transmittance t1 or reflectance r1), and the threshold value C2 is determined according to (1-transmittance t2 or reflectance r2). In addition, the video light control unit 290 adjusts the video light based on a value obtained by correcting the component of the external light detected by the external light sensor SS according to the type of dimming shade used. Specifically, the image light control unit 290 adjusts the external light amount adjustment coefficient A according to the light control shade type (transmittance t) to the light amount L (t) of the component of the external light detected by the external light sensor SS. The value A × L (t) multiplied by is used as the light amount correction value Lc (t), the image luminance value of the image light is calculated based on the light amount correction value Lc (t), and the image light is displayed with the image luminance value. Displayed in DSa and DSb.

  When the operation of the transmissive display device 200 is started, the video light control unit 290 first reads the value S detected by the shade detection unit DT (step S1). Next, the video light control unit 290 compares the value S read in step S1 with thresholds C1 and C2 (step S2). If it is determined in step S2 that the value S is less than the threshold value C1, that is, a relatively low reflectance has been detected by the shade detection unit DT, or that no reflection has been detected, the video light control unit 290 adjusts. It is determined that the light shade is not attached (no light control shade), and the external light amount adjustment coefficient A corresponding to the shade not attached is read from the memory unit MP (step S3). When the light control shade is not attached, the coefficient A = 1.

  On the other hand, if it is determined in step S2 that the value S is greater than or equal to the threshold value C1 and less than the threshold value C2, that is, if it is determined that a relatively intermediate reflectance has been detected by the shade detection unit DT, the image light control unit 290 has 2 It is determined that the shade α is mounted among the types of dimming shades, and the external light amount adjustment coefficient A = a1 corresponding to the shade α is read from the memory unit MP (step S4).

  On the other hand, if it is determined in step S2 that the value S is greater than or equal to the threshold value C2, that is, if it is determined that a relatively high reflectance has been detected by the shade detection unit DT, the video light control unit 290 has two types of dimming shades. It is determined that the shade β is attached, and the external light amount adjustment coefficient A = a2 corresponding to the shade β is read from the memory unit MP (step S5).

  Next, the image light control unit 290 acquires information on the light amount L (t) of the component of the external light detected by the external light sensor SS (step S6), and the acquired light amount L (t) and steps S3 to S5. The image luminance value of the image light is calculated using the light amount correction value Lc (t) obtained based on the external light amount adjustment coefficient A read out by any of the above (Step S7). That is, the video light control unit 290 performs a display operation using video light based on the image luminance value calculated in step S7. In addition, after step S7, the image light control unit 290 repeatedly acquires information on the light amount L (t) of the component of the external light by the external light sensor SS shown in step S6, and the light amount L (t) changes, that is, the external environment changes. The light quantity correction value Lc (t) is changed at any time in step S7 in accordance with the brightening or darkening. That is, the operations in step S6 and step S7 are repeated. In addition, in the above, about the light control shade, since it is thought that the state will be maintained once it attaches and detaches, about the operation | movement of step S1-S5, it shall be performed only once, but also here The detection operation may be performed from time to time.

  As described above, also in the present embodiment, the change in the component corresponding to the component of the external light that reaches the eyes of the observer using the shade detection unit DT and the external light sensor SS that constitute the sensor unit SP. The image light control unit 290 performs adjustment control of the image light based on the change including the influence of the attachment / detachment of the light control shade. Thereby, although it is a comparatively simple structure, the adjustment of the suitable image light according to the change of the external field is achieved.

  FIGS. 11A and 11B are conceptual diagrams for explaining detection of the dimming shade 90 by contact with a metal terminal as a modification of the shade detection unit DT. In the above description, the shade detection unit DT is configured by a proximity sensor. However, as illustrated in FIG. 11A, the attachment hole portion with the dimming shade 90 provided on the main body portion 100p side (contact portion of the dimming shade 90) Metal terminals 100m and 90m are respectively provided in the CV and the protrusion TP provided corresponding to the attachment portion CV on the light control shade 90 side, and as shown in FIG. The dimming shade 90 may be detected by the terminal 100m and the metal terminal 90m being in contact with each other and being energized. In addition, you may make it the aspect which can detect the classification of the light control shade 90 by changing the electricity supply state at this time with the kind of light control shade 90. FIG.

[Others]
Although the present invention has been described with reference to each embodiment, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be implemented in various modes without departing from the scope of the present invention.

  For example, in addition to the above, the dimming shade 90 is not limited to a constant transmittance for the entire visible light among the components of the external light, and may be for dimming components in a specific wavelength band. . At this time, the image light control unit 290 of the controller CR may also adjust the component corresponding to the component of the specific wavelength band that is dimmed according to the dimming shade 90 among the components of the video light. As a more specific example, for example, it may be possible to apply one that cuts more components in the blue wavelength band in the light control shade 90. In this case, it is considered that the outside world may look yellowish as a whole. To cope with this, it is conceivable that the image light control unit 290 displays image light in harmony with the outside world by suppressing the blue wavelength band component of the image light components. In contrast to the above, it is also possible to make the difference between the outside world and the image clearer by increasing the component of the blue wavelength band among the components of the image light.

  The light control shade 90 may be made of a photochromic material that is colored by UV light included in external light.

  For example, in a situation where the dimming shade 90 is not attached and the outside is bright, the amount of light entering the illuminance sensor from outside light may vary greatly depending on the viewing direction and location. In particular, when viewing the direction of a bright fluorescent lamp or a window with good sunlight, the brightness in the viewing direction changes instantaneously, and the video brightness is quickly adjusted accordingly. However, if the value of the illuminance sensor is reflected in the video brightness too much in real time, the brightness of the image may become brighter or darker instantaneously, for example, in situations where the brightness of the ambient light repeats during walking. In other words, the natural viewing of the image light is hindered. In order to buffer the change in the value of the illuminance sensor immediately before the image brightness control, the image light is passed through a filter such as a moving average so that the image light changes to some extent with respect to the instantaneous value change of the illuminance sensor. It is possible to control. Furthermore, if a shade with a low transmittance is attached, the illuminance change of external light will not be bothered so much, compared to the case without a shade or when using a shade with a high transmittance. In some cases, it is better to make the sensitivity speed and the magnitude of the change to the illuminance sensor that senses ambient light more gradual. From the above, for example, by appropriately changing the filter used for the numerical value change of the illuminance sensor depending on the type of shade, that is, by changing the processing method at the time of control, the video light more suitable for the use situation Brightness adjustment can be performed.

  Further, in the above description, image display in which the image display device 80 is configured by a liquid crystal panel or the like has been described as an example. It may be configured. Further, for example, a configuration using a reflective liquid crystal display device is possible, and a digital micromirror device or the like can be used in place of the video display element 82 formed of a liquid crystal display device or the like. Moreover, an LED array etc. can also be used as a self-light-emitting element.

  In the above embodiment, the panel type image display device 80 including OLED (organic EL) is used, but a scanning type image display device may be used instead. Specifically, for example, a light diffusing element is arranged on the image plane OI, and light is scanned at the position of the image plane OI by a scanning illumination optical system to form an image. By injecting, a configuration similar to the above can be applied.

  Further, the present invention may be applied in a mode in which a real image is displayed using a screen, a micromirror array, or the like in front of the eyes. In addition, when the object in the image to be displayed exists in the external environment, the light reflected from the object toward the observer is simulated, and based on the result, an image is displayed as if the object is on the spot. A holographic display for visual recognition may be performed.

  In the above description, an intermediate image corresponding to the display image of the video display element 82 is formed inside the light guide member 10. However, the present invention is also applicable to a transmissive display device that performs light guide without forming an intermediate image. Is possible.

  In the above description, the half mirror layer 15 is merely a semi-transmissive film (dielectric multilayer film). However, the half mirror layer 15 can be replaced with a planar or curved hologram element.

  In the above description, the transmissive display device 100 including the pair of display devices 100A and 100B is described. However, a single display device can be used. That is, the projection fluoroscopic device 70 and the image display device 80 are not provided for each of the right eye and the left eye, but only for either the right eye or the left eye. An image display device 80 may be provided so that the image is viewed with one eye.

  In the above description, the light guide member 10 and the like extend in the horizontal direction in which the eyes EY are arranged. However, the light guide member 10 can be arranged to extend in the vertical direction. In this case, the light guide member 10 has a structure arranged in parallel, not in series.

  In the above description, as shown in FIG. 2 and the like, the dimming shade 90 covers the entire field of view of the observer on the front side. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a half mirror portion (half mirror layer) 15 and the like (see FIG. 4). In the above description, the dimming shade 90 adjusts the transmittance uniformly by putting the entire dimming area together, but in addition to this, for example, the dimming area is divided into a plurality of areas and transmitted for each area. The rate may be different. More specifically, for example, the transmittance may be different between the half mirror part (half mirror layer 15) and the other external light transmitting part.

  In the above description, as an example of the configuration in which the image light control unit 290 adjusts the image light based on the detection result of the sensor unit SP, the component that the external light sensor SS reaches the observer's eye among the external light. However, the detection result is transmitted to the video light control unit 290 of the controller CR. However, the present invention is not limited to the case where the detection result is transmitted as digital data, and various modes are possible. In addition, for example, when an analog voltage changes according to the amount of light hitting the sensor unit SP and the change is detected by A / D conversion on the image light control unit 290 side, data is stored in the memory on the sensor unit SP side. May be held and read by the video light control unit 290 side.

  In the above description, the external light sensor SS has a detection range that corresponds to the range of the entire field of view of the observer. However, the present invention is not limited to such a case. For example, the detection range of the external light sensor SS is the observer. It is also conceivable to make it wider than the entire field of view, or conversely narrow.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Light guide member, 11 ... Light guide part, 12 ... Light guide part, 15 ... Half mirror layer, 20 ... Light guide device, 30 ... Projection lens, 39 ... Lens tube part, 50 ... Light transmission member, 70 ... Projection Fluoroscopic device, 80 ... Image display device, 82, 82L, 82R ... Video display element, 83, 83L, 83R ... Illumination device, 84L, 84R ... Liquid crystal driver, 85L, 85R ... Liquid crystal panel, 86L, 86R ... Light source driver, 87L , 87R: light source for left eye, 90: dimming shade, 100, 200: transmissive display device, 100A, 100B ... display device, 100m, 90m ... metal terminal, 100p ... main body portion, 101a, 101b ... optical member, 102 ... Frame part, 105a, 105b ... Image forming body part, 290 ... Video light control part, A ... External light quantity adjustment coefficient, AX ... Optical axis, B ... Operation part, C1, C2 ... Threshold value, CC ... Adhesive layer, CN ... Joint part, CR ... Controller, CV ... Mounting part, DSa, DSb ... Display part, DT ... Shade detection part, EE ... Light emitting element, EY ... Eye GL ... Video light, HL ... External light, IA ... Reflection surface, II ... Image surface, MP ... Memory portion, OI ... Image surface, OP ... Extrusion portion, PP ... Power supply portion, RE ... Light receiving element, RM ... Light Reflective film, S11-S15 ... surface, S51 -... S53 transmission surface, SD ... Shade driver, SP ... Sensor portion, SS ... External light sensor, TP ... Projection portion

Claims (15)

A transmissive display device that allows visual observation and superimposition of image light and external light,
A display for displaying image light;
A dimming shade that is detachably provided facing the display unit and dimmes external light;
An image light control unit that adjusts image light according to a change including the influence of the dimming shade with respect to external light ,
It further comprises a sensor unit that detects a change in the component corresponding to the component that reaches the observer's eye in the external light,
The image light control unit adjusts image light based on a detection result in the sensor unit,
The sensor unit includes at least a shade detection unit that detects attachment / detachment of the light control shade, and an external light sensor that detects an external light component, and separately determines whether the light control shade is present and the external light component. Detect
A transmissive display device. The external light sensor is covered by the light control shade during mounting of the light control shade, to detect changes that include the influence of the dimming shade regard external light, transmissive-type display device according to claim 1 . The dimming shade, have a protruding portion provided corresponding to the external light sensor, covering the external light sensor the extended portion is transmissive display device according to claim 2. The shade detection unit is a proximity sensor, a transmission type display device according to claim 1. The shade detection unit detects a type of the dimming shade, the transmission type display device according to any one of claims 1 to 4. The video light control unit adjusts video light based on a value obtained by correcting a component of external light detected by the external light sensor according to a type of the dimming shade detected by the shade detection unit. Item 6. The transmissive display device according to Item 5 . The shade detection unit includes a light emitting element that emits light toward the dimming shade, and a light receiving element that receives reflected light of the light emitted from the light emitting element,
The transmissive display device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein the light control shade is subjected to surface processing on a reflection surface that reflects light from the light emitting element. The shade detection unit detects the dimming shade by contact of the metal terminals, the transmission type display device according to any one of claims 1 to 6. The transmissive display device according to any one of claims 2 to 8 , wherein the external light sensor detects a component of external light in a direction parallel to a direction assumed as a visual line direction of an observer during wearing. . The external light sensor is the illumination sensor which measures the illuminance of external light, the transmission type display device according to any one of claims 2 to 9. The sensor unit is provided on the incident side of the light guide member for guiding the image light, the transmission type display device according to any one of claims 1 to 10. The dimming shade has a constant transmittance, the transmission type display device according to any one of claims 1 to 11. The dimming shade is adjustable transmittance, transmission type display device according to any one of claims 1 to 11. The transmissive display device according to claim 13 , wherein the light control shade is manufactured from an electrochromic material, a liquid crystal material, or an SPD material. The dimming shade dimmes a component of a specific wavelength band among components of external light,
The image light control unit, out of the components of the image light, to adjust the component corresponding to the component of the specific wavelength band is light control depending on the dimming shade, any one of claims 1 to 14 The transmissive display device described in 1.

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