JP6591107B1 - Three-dimensional truss structure - Google Patents

Abstract

In a truss structure having a cantilever truss, a three-dimensional truss structure capable of reducing a load applied to a truss member positioned on a support portion side is provided. A three-dimensional truss structure having a cantilever having a lower chord, an upper chord, and a diagonal structure that joins the lower chord and the upper chord. The cross-sectional area when the upper chord 12 is viewed along the axial direction in the upper chord 12 and the lower chord cross-sectional area changing portion whose cross-sectional area when viewed along the direction is smaller in the front side F than the rear side R. The upper chord cross-sectional area changing portion having a smaller front side F than the rear side R, and the cross-sectional area when the diagonal member 130 is viewed along the axial direction in the diagonal structure 13 is more than the rear side R. The front side F is provided with the cross-sectional shape change part which has the diagonal material cross-sectional area change part with small. [Selection] Figure 5

Description

  The present invention relates to a three-dimensional truss structure having a cantilever.

Conventionally, when designing a truss structure, for example, the maximum bending moment is generally converted into an axial force.
In designing a truss structure, it is common to unify the lengths of diagonal members in the truss structure from the viewpoint of construction and manufacturing (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
Therefore, when designing the truss structure, the truss member is designed to withstand the largest axial force (compression force, tensile force).

On the other hand, in recent years, three-dimensional trusses (system trusses) in which a lower chord member, an upper chord member, and a diagonal member are joined by a ball joint (joint portion) have been widely applied due to advantages in design and construction (for example, (Refer nonpatent literature 1.).
The application of such a three-dimensional truss is very advantageous from the viewpoint of weight reduction, cost, and shortening of the construction period.

JP-A-7-189424

URL: http://www.nsec-steelstructures.jp/data/spatial_structure/catalog_ns_truss.pdf

  However, in a three-dimensional truss structure with a cantilever truss, the stress acting on the truss member (rod-like member, upper chord member, diagonal member, etc., rod-like member that joins the joint part to the joint part) is near the support part and the free end. And very different.

  Therefore, when the truss member is set in accordance with the load applied to the truss member on the support portion side, there is a problem that the size of the truss member increases, the weight of the three-dimensional truss structure increases, and the construction cost increases.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and in a truss structure having a cantilever truss, a three-dimensional truss capable of reducing a load applied to a truss member positioned on the support portion side. The purpose is to provide a structure.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes the following means.
(1) A first aspect of the present invention includes a lower chord, an upper chord, and a diagonal structure composed of a plurality of diagonal members that join the lower chord and the upper chord, and at least a part of the structure is supported. A three-dimensional truss structure provided with a cantilever truss supported by a portion and having a free end formed at a position spaced apart from the support portion, and when the lower chord is viewed along the axial direction in the lower chord In the lower chord cross-sectional area changing portion formed such that the cross-sectional area is smaller on the free end side than the support portion side, and in the upper chord, the cross-sectional area when the upper chord is viewed along the axial direction is greater than that on the support portion side. In the upper chord cross-sectional area changing portion formed to be smaller on the free end side, and the oblique member structure, the free end side is formed to have a smaller sectional area when the oblique member is viewed along the axial direction than the support portion side. and diagonal members cross-sectional area changing portion has, all Characterized in that it comprises a cross-sectional shape changing portion for.

According to the three-dimensional truss structure according to the present invention, the lower truss, the upper chord, a plurality of diagonal members that join the lower chord and the upper chord via the joint portion disposed on the lower chord and the joint portion positioned on the upper chord A three-dimensional truss structure including a cantilever truss having at least one of a lower chord cross-sectional area change portion, an upper chord cross-section change portion, and an oblique cross-section change portion. Therefore, on the support side of the lower chord cross-sectional area change portion, upper chord cross-section change portion, and diagonal cross-section change portion, add to the truss members (lower chord member, upper chord member, diagonal member) located on the support side The load that is applied can be reduced.
As a result, the compressive stress or tensile stress generated in the truss member constituting the cantilever can be reduced.
Further, an increase in weight and an increase in construction cost due to an increase in size of the truss structure can be suppressed.

Here, the cross-sectional area when viewed along the axial direction (longitudinal direction) is the flesh portion of the truss member (lower chord member, upper chord member, diagonal member) constituting the upper chord, lower chord, and diagonal structure. In the case of having a hollow portion, it means a cross-sectional area obtained by subtracting the cross-sectional area of the hollow portion from the cross-sectional area of the outer shape.
Moreover, comparison of cross-sectional areas shall be performed between truss member main bodies. Here, the truss member main body refers to a portion of the truss member excluding a member or a portion (for example, a cone portion, a splice plate, etc.) formed to connect to the joint portion.
Further, the fact that the cross-sectional area is formed so that the free end side is smaller than the support part side means the size relationship between the cross-sectional area at the support part side position and the cross-sectional area at the free end side position. Between the side positions, a portion where the cross-sectional area does not change or a portion where the cross-sectional area expands at one end may be formed.
In addition, when specifying the cross-sectional area changing portion, the position on the support portion side and the position on the free end side are configured in one truss member constituting the lower chord, upper chord, and diagonal structure, or between any of the plurality of truss members. May be.

(2) The three-dimensional truss structure according to (1), wherein the cross-sectional shape changing portion is configured by joining the lower chord to a plurality of lower chord members at a joint portion, and in the lower chord, the support portion A first lower chord member positioned on the side and a second lower chord disposed on the free end side of the first lower chord member and having a cross-sectional area smaller than that of the first lower chord member when viewed in the axial direction said lower chord sectional area changing part configured by having a member, together with the top chord is constructed by joining a plurality of upper chord members at the joint portion, in the upper chord, a is positioned in the support part side 1 An upper chord member and a second upper chord member that is disposed on the free end side of the first upper chord member and has a cross-sectional area that is smaller than the first upper chord member when viewed in the axial direction. the upper chord cross-section which is A cross section of the change portion and the diagonal structure, the first diagonal member located on the support portion side and the free end side of the first diagonal member as viewed along the axial direction; There among the swash material cross-sectional area changing portion, which is configured by a second diagonal member member formed smaller than the first diagonal member member may comprise at least any.

According to the three-dimensional truss structure according to the present invention, the cross-sectional area changing portion includes a lower chord in which a plurality of lower chord members are joined by a joint, an upper chord in which a plurality of upper chord members are joined by a joint, and a diagonal structure. Since it is formed in at least one, for example, by using a straight bar-like truss member (lower chord member, upper chord member, diagonal member) having a constant cross section along the axial direction, the lower chord can be easily A cross-sectional area changing portion, an upper chord cross-sectional area changing portion, and an oblique material cross-sectional area changing portion can be formed.
As a result, a three-dimensional truss structure can be easily and efficiently formed with a simple structure.

(3) The three-dimensional truss structure according to (1) or (2), wherein the cross-sectional shape changing portion is configured by joining the lower chord to a plurality of lower chord members at a joint portion, and in an axial direction. A tapered lower chord member formed such that the cross-sectional area on the free end side is smaller than the cross-sectional area on the support portion side when viewed along, and the upper chord is formed by joining a plurality of upper chord members at a joint portion. In addition, in the tapered upper chord member formed so that the cross-sectional area on the free end side is smaller than the cross-sectional area on the support portion side when viewed along the axial direction, and in the diagonal structure, the axial structure is viewed along the axial direction. And at least one of a tapered diagonal member formed so that a cross-sectional area on the free end side is smaller than a cross-sectional area on the support portion side.

According to the three-dimensional truss structure according to the present invention, the cross-sectional area changing portion is configured such that the lower chord is formed by joining a plurality of lower chord members at the joint portion, and the cross-sectional area on the free end side when viewed along the axial direction. The lower chord member with a taper formed smaller than the cross-sectional area on the support portion side, and the upper chord is formed by joining a plurality of upper chord members at the joint portion, and when viewed along the axial direction, In the tapered upper chord member formed with a cross-sectional area smaller than the cross-sectional area on the support part side and the diagonal structure, the cross-sectional area on the free end side is larger than the cross-sectional area on the support part side when viewed along the axial direction. Since at least one of the tapered diagonal member formed small is provided, for example, the cross-sectional area changing portion can be easily formed even between the joint portions.
As a result, the load applied to the truss member can be efficiently reduced in the section where the distance between the joint portion is long.

(4) In the three-dimensional truss structure according to (3), the cross-sectional shape changing portion is configured such that the tapered lower chord member is disposed adjacent to the free end side from the support portion, and the support portion The cross-sectional area on the free end side of the first tapered lower chord member disposed on the side is formed to be greater than the cross-sectional area on the support portion side of the second tapered lower chord member disposed on the free end side. The tapered lower chord member row and the tapered upper chord member arranged adjacent to the free end side from the support portion, and the free end side of the first tapered upper chord member arranged on the support portion side A taper upper chord member array formed such that the cross-sectional area is larger than the cross-sectional area of the second tapered upper chord member disposed on the free end side on the support portion side, and the tapered diagonal member From the support The second taper is disposed adjacent to the free end side, and the cross-sectional area on the free end side of the first tapered diagonal member disposed on the support side is disposed on the free end side. You may provide at least any one among the taper diagonal member row | line | column currently formed more than the said cross-sectional area of the said support part side of a diagonal member.

According to the three-dimensional truss structure according to the present invention, the cross-sectional shape changing portion is arranged so that the tapered lower chord member is adjacently disposed, and the cross-sectional area on the free end side of the first tapered lower chord member is the support portion of the second tapered lower chord member The tapered lower chord member row formed to have a cross sectional area on the side and the tapered upper chord member are arranged adjacent to each other, and the cross sectional area on the free end side of the first tapered upper chord member is the support portion of the second tapered upper chord member A tapered upper chord member array formed larger than the cross-sectional area on the side and a tapered diagonal member are disposed adjacent to each other, and a cross-sectional area on the free end side of the first tapered diagonal member is a second tapered diagonal Since it has at least one of a tapered diagonal member array formed to have a cross-sectional area larger than the cross-sectional area on the support portion side of the member, a tapered lower chord member, a tapered upper chord member, and a tapered diagonal member In truss structure, it is possible to more effectively utilize the cross-sectional area changing portion.
In addition, the mechanical stability and design stability of the truss structure using the tapered lower chord member, the tapered upper chord member, and the tapered diagonal member can be improved.

  According to the three-dimensional truss structure of the present invention, in the truss structure having a cantilever truss, the load and moment applied to the truss member positioned on the support portion side can be reduced.

It is a perspective view explaining the schematic structure of an example of the building to which the solid truss structure which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention is applied. It is a perspective view explaining the schematic structure of the solid truss structure concerning a 1st embodiment. It is the figure seen from the side surface explaining the schematic structure of the solid truss structure which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a top view explaining the schematic structure of the solid truss structure concerning a 1st embodiment. It is the conceptual diagram seen from the side surface explaining the detail of the solid truss structure which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the outline of a cross-sectional shape when the truss member arrange | positioned adjacently explaining the schematic structure of the cross-sectional area change part in the three-dimensional truss structure which concerns on 1st Embodiment is seen along an axial direction, (A ) Is a view indicated by arrows VIA-VIA in FIG. 5, and (B) is a view indicated by arrows VIB-VIB in FIG. 5. It is a schematic block diagram explaining an example of the ball joint which comprises the solid truss structure which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the outline of a cross-sectional shape when the truss member arrange | positioned adjacently explaining the schematic structure of the cross-sectional area change part which concerns on the 1st modification of 1st Embodiment is seen along an axial direction, ( FIG. 5A is a view indicated by arrow VIA-VIA in FIG. 5, and FIG. 5B is a view indicated by arrow VIB-VIB in FIG. 5. It is a schematic block diagram explaining the ball joint which comprises the solid truss structure which concerns on the 2nd modification of 1st Embodiment. It is the conceptual diagram seen from the side surface explaining the detail of the space truss structure concerning 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view containing the axis line explaining schematic structure of the taper truss member which comprises the solid truss structure which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is the conceptual diagram seen from the side surface explaining the details of the space truss structure concerning a 3rd embodiment of the present invention. It is the conceptual diagram seen from the side surface explaining the details of the space truss structure concerning a 4th embodiment of the present invention. It is the conceptual diagram seen from the side surface explaining the detail of the solid truss structure which concerns on 5th Embodiment of this invention.

  Hereinafter, with reference to FIGS. 1-7, the solid truss structure which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated. FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a schematic configuration of an example of a building to which the three-dimensional truss structure according to the first embodiment is applied. 2 is a perspective view illustrating a schematic configuration of the three-dimensional truss structure according to the first embodiment viewed from above, FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram viewed from the side, and FIG. 4 is a plan view. . FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram viewed from the side for explaining details of the three-dimensional truss structure according to the first embodiment. 6 is a conceptual diagram showing an outline of a cross-sectional shape of the lower chord member (truss member) when viewed along the axial direction, and FIG. 6A is a view indicated by arrows VIA-VIA in FIG. Yes, (B) is a figure shown by arrow VIB-VIB in FIG. FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram for explaining an example of a ball joint (joint portion) constituting a three-dimensional truss structure.

  1 to 7, reference numeral 100 denotes a building, reference numeral 10 denotes a three-dimensional truss (three-dimensional truss structure), reference numeral 11 denotes a lower chord, reference numeral 110 denotes a lower chord member, reference numeral 12 denotes an upper chord, and reference numeral 120 denotes an upper chord member. Reference numeral 13 denotes an oblique material structure, reference numeral 130 denotes an oblique material member, and reference numeral 14 denotes a ball joint (joint portion). Reference numeral 10F denotes a cantilever truss. Moreover, let the support part side in the cantilever 10F be the back side R, and let the free end side be the front side F. In some cases, the lower chord member, the upper chord member, and the diagonal member are called members.

As illustrated in FIG. 1, the building 100 according to the first embodiment includes, for example, a plurality (for example, four) of front support columns (support portions) 101 and a plurality of (for example, four) rear support columns 102. A ceiling member 103, a plurality of (for example, four sets) three-dimensional trusses (three-dimensional truss structure) 10, and a transverse member 10J.
Here, the number of the front support columns (support portions) 101, the rear support columns 102, and the three-dimensional truss (three-dimensional truss structure) 10 can be set to an arbitrary number (single or plural).

  In this embodiment, the three-dimensional truss (three-dimensional truss structure) 10 is not shown, but corresponds to the front support column (support unit) 101 and the rear support column 102 from the left side A to the right side B of the building 100. It is the structure which is arrange | positioned and hold | maintains the ceiling member 103 from upper direction.

  The front supporting column (supporting portion) 101 is located at the intermediate position between the front side F and the rear side R of the ceiling member 103, near the end portion on the left side A, near the end portion on the right side B, and in front of both end portions. It arrange | positions at intervals (for example, equal intervals) between the support pillars 101, and supports the solid truss 10 from below.

  The rear support columns 102 are spaced between the rear support columns 102 in the vicinity of the left side A of the ceiling member 103, in the vicinity of the right side B end, and in the vicinity of both ends at the end on the rear side R of the ceiling member 103. For example, the three-dimensional truss 10 is supported from below by being arranged at equal intervals.

  The three-dimensional trusses (three-dimensional truss structures) 10 are arranged adjacent to each other with an interval from the left A toward the right B. Note that it is possible to arbitrarily set whether or not a space is provided between adjacent three-dimensional trusses (three-dimensional truss structure) 10.

  The horizontal members 10J are, for example, ball joints (joint portions) 14 constituting the lower chord 11 of the adjacent solid truss 10 and ball joints (joint portion) constituting the upper chord 12 at an arbitrary position in the front-rear direction of the solid truss 10. ) 14 are joined together in the left-right direction (an oblique material may be used if necessary) to form a truss structure between adjacent three-dimensional trusses 10. In addition, it is possible to set arbitrarily about the position and number which arrange | position the horizontal member 10J.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the three-dimensional truss (three-dimensional truss structure) 10 includes, for example, a lower chord 11, an upper chord 12, a plurality of diagonal members 13, a plurality of ball joints (joint portions) 14, and a plurality of A transverse member 10M.

The three-dimensional truss (three-dimensional truss structure) 10 includes a cantilever 10 </ b> F positioned on the front side F of the front support column 101.
The cantilever 10F has a support portion front support column 101 as a support portion, and the front end F has a free end.

  In the cantilever 10F, the depth expressed by the distance between the lower chord 11 and the upper chord can be arbitrarily set. In this embodiment, for example, the depth of the cantilever 10F is set to be constant over the entire length. Yes.

As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the lower chord 11 extends along the front-rear direction (the direction from the front side F toward the rear side R), and is arranged in two lower chord member rows 110 arranged in parallel to the left and right. ... 110 and the transverse member 10M.
Further, the lower chord 11 is formed in the same plane, for example, and the front side F is positioned slightly above the rear side R.

The lower chord member row 110... 110 has a configuration in which a plurality of lower chord members 110 arranged in the front-rear direction are joined by a ball joint (joint portion) 14.
The left and right lower chord member rows 110... 110 are joined by the transverse member 10M at corresponding positions in the front-rear direction.

Further, the lower chord 11 is configured such that lower chord members 111S, 112S, 113S (110) are joined via a ball joint (joint portion) 14 as shown in FIG.
The lower chord members 111S, 112S, and 113S (110) have the same outer shape (outer diameter) along the axial direction (longitudinal direction), and are formed straight along the axial direction.

In addition, the lower chord members 111S, 112S, 113S (110) arranged adjacent to each other have a cross-sectional area as viewed in the axial direction that gradually decreases from the support portion 101 side to the front end side F of the cantilever 10F. (Reduced diameter). As a result, each ball joint (joint portion) 14 includes a lower chord cross-sectional area changing portion in which a cross-sectional area change occurs.
Here, for the lower chord members 111S, 112S, and 113S (110), a member that is cured on the rear side R is a first lower chord member, and a member that is positioned on the distal end side F is a second lower chord member.
The lower chord member 110 and the transverse member 10M each have a strength that can withstand a compressive force and a tensile force at the arranged positions.

That is, (the cross-sectional area of the lower chord member 111S)> (the cross-sectional area of the lower chord member 112S), (the cross-sectional area of the lower chord member 112S)> (the cross-sectional area of the lower chord member 113S) is set.
Further, in this embodiment, (the cross-sectional area of the lower chord member 111S)> (the cross-sectional area of the lower chord member 112S) is, for example, (external shape (outer diameter) φD111S of the lower chord member 111S)> (lower chord) The outer shape (outer diameter) φD121S of the member 121S) and (the wall thickness t111S of the lower chord member 111S) = (the wall thickness t121S of the lower chord member 121S).
The same applies to (cross-sectional area of the lower chord member 112S)> (cross-sectional area of the lower chord member 113S).

  In FIG. 5, the lower chord cross-sectional area changing portion is shown by three lower chord members 111S, 112S, and 113S (110). However, the lower chord cross-sectional area changing portion according to the first embodiment extends over the entire length of the cantilever 10F. Is formed.

  The lower chord member 110 is formed of, for example, STK400, STK490, STKN400, STKN49, and is a cylindrical shaft member having a hollow circular cross section. A cone whose tip side is reduced in diameter at both ends in the axial direction. The part is formed. (For example, it is set as the structure similar to the upper chord member 120 shown in FIG. 7.)

The horizontal members 10M are arranged at intervals in the front-rear direction, and are configured to join the ball joints 14 arranged in the left and right lower chord member rows 110 ... 110 at positions corresponding to each other in the front-rear direction. Has been.
Note that the lateral member 10M is formed of, for example, STK400, STK490, STKN400, and STKN49.

As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the upper chord 12 is configured such that a plurality of upper chord members 120 arranged in the front-rear direction are joined by a ball joint (joint portion) 14.
In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the upper chord 12 and the lower chord 11 are formed in parallel.

  The upper chord member 120 is formed of, for example, STK400, STK490, STKN400, and STKN49. As shown in FIG. 6, the upper chord member 120 is a cylindrical shaft member having a hollow circular cross section. A cone portion whose diameter is reduced on the tip side is formed.

Further, in the cantilever 10F up to the first ball joint (joint portion) 14 on the rear side R of the front support column 101, the upper chord 12 gradually increases from the front side F toward the rear side R, and the cantilever 10F In the rear side R, the height gradually decreases toward the rear side R.
Further, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the upper chord 12 is disposed, for example, at the center of the two left and right lower chord member rows in plan view.

As shown in FIG. 5, the upper chord 12 is configured such that upper chord members 121 </ b> S, 122 </ b> S, 123 </ b> S (120) are joined via a ball joint (joint portion) 14.
The upper chord members 121S, 122S, 123S (120) have the same outer shape (outer diameter) along the axial direction (longitudinal direction), and are formed straight along the axial direction.

Further, the upper chord members 121S, 122S, and 123S (120) arranged adjacent to each other have a cross-sectional area as viewed in the axial direction that gradually decreases from the support portion 101 side to the distal end side F of the cantilever 10F. (Reduced diameter). As a result, each of the ball joints (joint portions) 14 includes an upper chord cross-sectional area changing portion in which a cross-sectional area change occurs.
Here, for the upper chord members 121S, 122S, 123S (120), the one that is cured on the rear side R is the first upper chord member, and the one that is positioned on the distal end side F is the second upper chord member.
Further, each upper chord member 120 has a strength capable of withstanding a compressive force and a tensile force at the arranged position.

That is, (the cross-sectional area of the upper chord member 121S)> (the cross-sectional area of the lower chord member 122S), (the cross-sectional area of the lower chord member 122S)> (the cross-sectional area of the lower chord member 123S) is set.
The configuration of (the cross-sectional area of the upper chord member 121S)> (the cross-sectional area of the lower chord member 122S) and (the cross-sectional area of the lower chord member 122S)> (the lower chord member 123S) is the same as the configuration shown in FIG. Since there is, explanation is omitted.

  In FIG. 5, the upper chord cross-sectional area changing portion is shown by three lower chord members 121S, 122S, 123S (120), but the upper chord cross-sectional area changing portion according to the first embodiment is the full length of the cantilever 10F ( A range from the support portion to the ball joint 14 positioned at the foremost side F).

  The upper chord member 120 is formed of, for example, STK400, STK490, STKN400, STKN490, and is a cylindrical shaft member having a hollow circular cross section as shown in FIG. A cone portion whose diameter is reduced on the tip side is formed.

The diagonal structure 13 includes, for example, a plurality of joints that connect the lower chord 11 and the upper chord 12 via a ball joint (joint portion) 14 disposed on the lower chord 11 and a ball joint (joint portion) 14 disposed on the upper chord 12. The diagonal member 130 is provided.
Each diagonal member 130 has a strength capable of withstanding a compressive force and a tensile force at the position where it is disposed.
Then, the diagonal member 130 obliquely joins the ball joint 14 positioned on the support member R side and the ball joint 14 positioned on the front side F alternately on the lower chord 11 side and the upper chord 12 side. Has been placed.

  In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the diagonal member structure 13 includes, for example, an oblique member 130F (130), an oblique member 131R (130), an oblique member 131F (130), and an oblique member. 132R (130) and the diagonal member 132F (130).

  Further, the diagonal member 130F, the diagonal member 131R, the diagonal member 131F, the diagonal member 132R, and the diagonal member 132F have the same outer shape (outer diameter) along the longitudinal direction, and are each along the axial direction. It is formed straight.

The diagonal member 130F (130), the diagonal member 131R (130), the diagonal member 131F (130), the diagonal member 132R (130), and the diagonal member 132F (130) are viewed along the axial direction. The cross-sectional area is gradually reduced (reduced diameter) for each ball joint (joint part) 14 on the upper chord 11 side from the support part 101 side to the front end side F of the cantilever 10F. As a result, each of the ball joints (joint portions) 14 includes an oblique material cross-sectional area changing portion in which a cross-sectional area change occurs.
Here, it is assumed that the diagonal members 130F, 131R, 131F, 132R, and 132F (130) are cured on the rear side R, the first diagonal member, and the one positioned on the tip side F is the second diagonal member. To do.

  That is, (cross-sectional area of diagonal member 130F)> (cross-sectional area of diagonal member 131R), (cross-sectional area of diagonal member 131R) = (cross-sectional area of diagonal member 131F), (cross-sectional area of diagonal member 131F) )> (Cross-sectional area of the diagonal member 132R), (cross-sectional area of the diagonal member 132R) = (cross-sectional area of the diagonal member 132F).

  The configuration of (cross-sectional area of the diagonal member 130F)> (cross-sectional area of the diagonal member 131R), (cross-sectional area of the diagonal member 131F)> (cross-sectional area of the diagonal member 132R) is described above with reference to FIG. Since the configuration is the same as that shown in FIG.

Further, in FIG. 5, the diagonal cross-sectional area changing portion is shown by three types of diagonal members 130F, diagonal members 131R and diagonal members 131F, diagonal members 132R and diagonal members 132F, but the first embodiment. The oblique member cross-sectional area changing portion according to is formed, for example, over the entire length of the cantilever 10F.
Note that the oblique member cross-sectional area changing portion may be formed for each of the ball joint 14 on the upper chord 11 side and the ball joint 14 on the lower chord 12 side, for example.

  The diagonal member 130 is formed of, for example, STK400, STK490, STKN400, and STKN49. As shown in FIG. 7, the diagonal member 130 is a cylindrical shaft member having a hollow circular cross section. Is formed with a cone portion whose tip side is reduced in diameter.

As shown in FIG. 7, the ball joint (joint portion) 14 is formed in, for example, a spherical shape, and a concave portion 14 </ b> U that is recessed inward in a substantially U shape is formed on the spherical surface.
The ball joint 14 has a plurality of screw holes 14T penetrating from the spherical surface to the recess 14U.

For example, a bolt 15A arranged along the axial direction on the cone portion of the upper chord member 120 and pressed and held by the spring 15S, or a bolt 15B arranged and held along the axial direction on the cone portion of the diagonal member 130. Is configured to be screwed into the screw hole 14T.
As a result, the upper chord member 120 and the diagonal member 130 are joined to the ball joint 14, and the upper chord member 120 and the diagonal member 130 are joined via the ball joint 14.

  Note that it is possible to arbitrarily set which of the bolt 15A, the spring 15S, and the bolt 15B is applied to the upper chord member 120 and the diagonal member 130. Further, the above configuration may be applied to the lower chord member 110.

According to the three-dimensional truss 10 according to the first embodiment, the lower chord cross-sectional area changing portion, the upper chord cross-sectional area changing portion, and the diagonal cross-sectional area changing portion are provided. The load applied on the rear side R of the can be reduced.
As a result, the compressive stress or tensile stress generated in the truss member constituting the cantilever 10F can be reduced.
In addition, an increase in weight and an increase in construction cost due to an increase in size of the space truss 10 can be suppressed.

In addition, according to the three-dimensional truss 10 according to the first embodiment, a lower chord 11 in which a plurality of lower chord members 11 are joined by a ball joint 14, an upper chord 12 in which a plurality of upper chord members 12 are joined by a ball joint 14, and a slant Since the lower chord member 110, the upper chord member 120, and the diagonal member 130 are formed straight, the lower chord cross-sectional area changing portion, the upper chord cross-sectional area changing portion, and the diagonal cross-sectional area are easily obtained by using the straight chord member 110, the upper chord member 120, and the diagonal member 130. A change part can be formed.
As a result, a three-dimensional truss structure can be easily and efficiently formed with a simple structure.

  Further, according to the three-dimensional truss 10, the degree of freedom in design is improved and the cantilever 10F can be reduced in weight, and the design of the three-dimensional truss can be improved by arranging the cantilever 10F in a curved surface. Can do.

<First Embodiment (First Modification)>
Hereinafter, a truss member according to a modification of the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional shape of an adjacently arranged lower chord member (truss member) 120 explaining the schematic configuration of the cross-sectional area changing portion according to the first modification of the first embodiment when viewed along the axial direction. FIG. 8A is a diagram showing an outline, FIG. 8A is a diagram shown by arrow VIA-VIA in FIG. 5, and FIG. 8B is a diagram shown by arrow VIB-VIB in FIG.
In FIG. 8, reference numerals 111 </ b> S and 112 </ b> S indicate lower chord members (truss members) 120 arranged adjacent to each other. In this modification, it is assumed that the lower chord members 111S and 112S shown in FIG. 5 have the same outer shape (outer diameter).

  In the modification of the first embodiment, for example, the lower chord member (truss member) 111S and the lower chord member (truss member) 112S arranged adjacent to each other in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, for example, the outer shapes are formed to have the same diameter, and (thickness of upper chord member 122S)> (thickness of second upper chord member 123S) is set.

As a result, even when the outer shapes are formed to have the same diameter, when viewed in the axial direction, (the cross-sectional area of the first upper chord member 122S)> (the cross-sectional area of the second upper chord member 123S) is set. be able to.
As a result, the load on the truss member on the rear side R can be reduced.
The truss member is not limited to the lower chord member 120 and may be applied to the upper chord member 120 and the diagonal member 130.

<First Embodiment (Second Modification)>
Hereinafter, a ball joint according to a modification of the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating a modified example of the ball joint configuring the three-dimensional truss structure according to the first embodiment. In FIG. 7, reference numeral 140 denotes a ball joint (joint portion).

As shown in FIG. 7, the ball joint (joint portion) 140 is formed, for example, in a spherical shape, and has a substantially C-shaped concave portion 14 </ b> C whose inner diameter is increased while being recessed inwardly on a spherical surface. Yes.
The ball joint 140 is formed with a plurality of through holes 14H penetrating from the spherical surface to the recess 14C.

  A recess is formed in the screw hole 12T formed along the axial direction on the end surface of the cone portion of the upper chord member 120 through the through hole 14H or the screw hole 13T formed along the axial direction on the end surface of the cone portion of the diagonal member 130. The bolt 16A and the bolt 15B arranged in 14C are configured to be screwed together.

With this configuration, the upper chord member 120 or the diagonal member 130 and the ball joint 140 are joined, and the upper chord member 120 and the diagonal member 130 are joined via the ball joint 140. Note that the above configuration may be applied to the lower chord member 110.
Further, a ball joint (joint portion) other than the ball joints (joint portions) 14 and 140 may be used.

Second Embodiment
Hereinafter, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 10 is a conceptual view seen from the side for explaining details of the space truss according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 10, reference numeral 20 denotes a three-dimensional truss (three-dimensional truss structure), reference numeral 11A denotes a lower chord, reference numerals 111T to 113T (110) denote tapered lower chord members, reference numeral 12A denotes an upper chord, and reference numerals 121T to 123T (120). Reference numerals 130F, 131R, 131F, 132R, 132F (130) denote tapered upper chord members, and diagonal members. FIG. 10 partially shows the three-dimensional truss 20.

As shown in FIG. 10, the three-dimensional truss (three-dimensional truss structure) 20 includes, for example, a lower chord 11 </ b> A, an upper chord 12 </ b> A, an oblique material structure 13, and a plurality of ball joints (joint portions) 14.
The three-dimensional truss (three-dimensional truss structure) 20 includes a lower chord cross-sectional area changing portion, an upper chord cross-sectional area changing portion, and an oblique material cross-sectional area changing portion.

As shown in FIG. 10, the lower chord 11A includes, for example, a tapered lower chord member 111T (110), a tapered lower chord member 112T (110), and a tapered lower chord member 113T (110).
In addition, when the tapered lower chord member 111T, the tapered lower chord member 112T, and the tapered lower chord member 113T are disposed adjacent to each other, the first tapered lower chord member, which is disposed on the rear side R where the support portion is located, is free. A member disposed on the front side F where the end is located is a second tapered lower chord member.

  Further, (cross-sectional area of the front side F of the tapered lower chord member 111T) ≧ (cross-sectional area of the rear side R of the tapered lower chord member 112T), (cross-sectional area of the front side F of the tapered lower chord member 112T) ≧ (tapered) It is preferable to set the cross-sectional area on the rear side R of the lower chord member 113T.

The upper chord 12A includes, for example, a tapered upper chord member 121T (120), a tapered lower chord member 122T (120), and a tapered lower chord member 123T (120).
Further, when the taper upper chord member 121T, the taper upper chord member 122T, and the taper upper chord member 123T are disposed adjacent to each other, the first taper chord member, which is disposed on the rear side R where the support portion is located, is free. A member disposed on the front side F where the end is located is a second tapered upper chord member.

  Further, (a cross-sectional area of the front side F of the tapered upper chord member 121T) ≧ (a cross-sectional area of the rear side R of the tapered upper chord member 122T), (a cross-sectional area of the front side F of the tapered upper chord member 122T) ≧ (taper) It is preferable that it is set to the cross-sectional area on the rear side R of the attached upper chord member 123T.

  The diagonal structure 13 includes, for example, a plurality of joints that connect the lower chord 11A and the upper chord 12A via a ball joint (joint portion) 14 disposed on the lower chord 11A and a ball joint (joint portion) 14 disposed on the upper chord 12A. The diagonal member 130 is provided. Since others are the same as those of the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.

Hereinafter, the tapered lower chord member 110T will be described with reference to FIG.
The tapered lower chord member 110T is a longitudinal sectional view including an axis for explaining a schematic configuration of the tapered lower chord members 111T, 112T, and 113 (110) shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 11, the tapered lower chord member 110T is formed, for example, in a substantially tapered cylindrical shape whose diameter is gradually reduced from the rear side R toward the front side F in the cross section including the axis O.

Further, in the tapered lower chord member 110T, the thickness D1 on the rear side R and the thickness D2 on the front side F are set to be the same in this embodiment.
The thickness D1 on the rear side R and the thickness D2 on the front side F of the tapered lower chord member 110T can be arbitrarily set, and (thickness D1 on the rear side R) ≧ (the front side F (Thickness D2) or within the range in which the cross-sectional area of the rear side R is smaller than the front side F when viewed in the axial direction (thickness D1 of the rear side R) <(front side F thickness D2) may be set.

  In addition, about the structure of the taper upper chord member 121T-123T (120), since it is the same as that of the taper lower chord member 110T, description is abbreviate | omitted.

According to the three-dimensional truss 20 according to the second embodiment, the cross-sectional area changing portion is arranged on the upper chord 12A and the plurality of tapered lower chord members 111T to 113T (110) which are arranged on the lower chord 11A and joined by the ball joint 14. A plurality of tapered upper chord members 121T to 123T (120) joined by a ball joint 14 and an oblique material structure 13, and a lower chord cross-sectional area changing portion, an upper chord cross-sectional area changing portion, and an oblique material cross-sectional area changing portion; Therefore, it is possible to reduce the load on the rear side R of the tapered lower chord member 110, the tapered upper chord member 120, and the diagonal member 130 constituting the diagonal structure 13.
As a result, the compressive stress or tensile stress generated in the truss member constituting the cantilever can be reduced.
In addition, an increase in weight and an increase in construction cost due to an increase in size of the space truss 10 can be suppressed.

Further, by using the tapered lower chord members 111T to 113T (110) and the tapered upper chord members 121T to 123T (120), the lower chord cross-sectional area changing portion and the upper chord cross-sectional area can be easily formed between the ball joint 14 and the ball joint 14. A change part can be formed.
As a result, the load applied to the truss member can be efficiently reduced in the section where the distance between the ball joint 14 and the ball joint 14 is long.

Further, according to the three-dimensional truss 20 according to the second embodiment, the tapered lower chord member rows 111T and 112T, 112T and 113T (110) arranged adjacently, the tapered upper chord member rows 121T and 122T, 122T arranged adjacently, and In 123T (110), the sectional area of the front side F of the tapered truss member (first tapered truss member) positioned on the rear side R of each is a tapered truss member (second Since the cross sectional area of the rear side R of the tapered truss member) is set, the cross sectional area changing portion can be more effectively utilized in the three-dimensional truss 20.
Moreover, the mechanical stability and design stability in the three-dimensional truss 20 can be improved.

<Third Embodiment>
Hereinafter, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 12 is a conceptual diagram seen from a side surface illustrating details of a three-dimensional truss according to the third embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 12, reference numeral 30 is a three-dimensional truss (three-dimensional truss structure), reference numeral 11 is a lower chord, reference numerals 111S to 11S (110) are lower chord members, reference numeral 12A is an upper chord, and reference numerals 121T to 123T (120) are tapered. Reference numerals 130F, 131R, 131F, 132R, and 132F (130) denote upper chord members, and diagonal members. FIG. 12 partially shows the three-dimensional truss 30.

As shown in FIG. 12, the three-dimensional truss (three-dimensional truss structure) 30 includes, for example, a lower chord 11, an upper chord 12 </ b> A, an oblique material structure 13, and a plurality of ball joints (joint portions) 14.
The three-dimensional truss (three-dimensional truss structure) 30 includes a lower chord cross-sectional area changing portion, an upper chord cross-sectional area changing portion, and an oblique material cross-sectional area changing portion.

As shown in FIG. 12, the lower chord 11 is configured such that lower chord members 111 </ b> S, 112 </ b> S, 113 </ b> S (110) are joined via a ball joint (joint portion) 14.
The lower chord members 111S, 112S, and 113S (110) have the same outer shape (outer diameter) along the axial direction (longitudinal direction), and are formed straight along the axial direction. Since others are the same as those of the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.

  The upper chord 12A includes, for example, a tapered upper chord member 121T (120), a tapered lower chord member 122T (120), and a tapered lower chord member 123T (120).

  Further, (a cross-sectional area of the front side F of the tapered upper chord member 121T) ≧ (a cross-sectional area of the rear side R of the tapered upper chord member 122T), (a cross-sectional area of the front side F of the tapered upper chord member 122T) ≧ (taper) It is preferable that it is set to the cross-sectional area on the rear side R of the attached upper chord member 123T. Since others are the same as that of 2nd Embodiment, description is abbreviate | omitted.

  The diagonal structure 13 includes, for example, a plurality of diagonal members that join the lower chord 11 and the upper chord 12A via a ball joint (joint portion) 14 disposed on the lower chord 11 and a joint section 14 disposed on the upper chord 12A. 130 is provided. Since others are the same as that of 1st Embodiment, description is abbreviate | omitted.

<Fourth embodiment>
Hereinafter, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 13: is the conceptual diagram seen from the side surface explaining the detail of an example of the three-dimensional truss concerning 4th Embodiment of this invention. In FIG. 13, reference numeral 40 is a three-dimensional truss (three-dimensional truss structure), reference numeral 11 is a lower chord, reference numeral 110 is a lower chord member, reference numeral 12 is an upper chord, reference numeral 120 is an upper chord member, reference numerals 130TR and 130TF are tapered bevels. The material member is shown. FIG. 13 partially shows the three-dimensional truss 40.

  As shown in FIG. 13, the three-dimensional truss (three-dimensional truss structure) 40 includes, for example, a lower chord 11, an upper chord 12, an oblique material structure 13 </ b> A, and a plurality of ball joints (joint portions) 14.

The three-dimensional truss (three-dimensional truss structure) 40 includes an oblique member cross-sectional area changing portion formed in the oblique member structure 13A.
It is possible to arbitrarily set whether or not the cross-section changing portion is formed in the lower chord 11 and the upper chord 12. The lower chord 11, the upper chord 12 according to the first embodiment, and the lower chord 11A and the upper chord 12A according to the second embodiment are arbitrarily applied. May be.

The diagonal structure 13A includes a tapered diagonal member 131TR (130) and a tapered diagonal member 131TF (130), as shown in FIG.
Here, the tapered diagonal member 131TR (130) disposed on the rear side R where the support portion is positioned is the first tapered diagonal member, and the tapered diagonal member disposed on the front side F where the free end is positioned. The material member 131TF (130) is a second tapered tapered material member.

  The first tapered diagonal member 131TR includes a ball joint (joint portion) 14 disposed on the upper chord 12 and positioned on the rear side R, and a ball joint (joint portion) 14 disposed on the lower chord 11 and positioned on the front side F. Join diagonally.

  In addition, the first tapered diagonal member 131TR is, for example, gradually from the rear side R toward the front side F in the cross section including the axis, similarly to the tapered lower chord member 110 shown in FIG. 11 in the second embodiment. For example, the wall thickness in the axial direction is constant.

The second tapered diagonal member 131TF includes a ball joint (joint portion) 14 disposed on the lower chord 11 and positioned on the rear side R, and a ball joint (joint portion) 14 disposed on the upper chord 12 and positioned on the front side F. Join diagonally.
Further, the second tapered diagonal member 131TF, for example, in the same manner as the tapered lower chord member 110 shown in FIG. 11 in the second embodiment, gradually increases from the rear side R toward the front side F in the cross section including the axis. For example, the wall thickness in the axial direction is constant.

In this embodiment, the relationship between the cross-sectional area of the front side F of the first tapered diagonal member 131TR (130) and the cross-sectional area of the rear side R of the second tapered diagonal member 131TF (130) is arbitrary. Can be set.
In this embodiment, for example, the cross-sectional area of the front side F of the first tapered diagonal member 131TR (130) is larger than the cross-sectional area of the rear side R of the second tapered diagonal member 131TF (130). ing.

Further, the thickness of the rear side R and the thickness of the front side F of the first tapered diagonal member 131TR and the second tapered diagonal member 131TF can be arbitrarily set, (Thickness) ≧ (thickness of the front side F), or within a range where the cross-sectional area of the rear side R is smaller than the front side F when viewed in the axial direction (on the rear side R (Thickness) <(thickness of front side F) may be set.
A plurality of tapered diagonal members 130 having the same outer diameter may be disposed from the rear side R to the front side F.

  According to the three-dimensional truss (three-dimensional truss structure) 40 according to the fourth embodiment, since the diagonal structure 13A is formed using a tapered diagonal member, the load applied to the truss member positioned on the rear side R Can be reduced more efficiently.

<Fifth Embodiment>
Hereinafter, a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 14 is a conceptual diagram seen from a side surface for explaining details of the space truss according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 14, reference numeral 50 indicates a three-dimensional truss (three-dimensional truss structure), reference numeral 11C indicates a lower chord, reference numeral 110H indicates a lower chord member, reference numeral 12C indicates an upper chord, reference numeral 120H indicates an upper chord member, reference numeral 13C indicates a diagonal structure, Reference numerals 130DR and 130DF (130D) denote diagonal members, and reference numeral 14G denotes a connection member (joint portion). FIG. 14 partially shows the three-dimensional truss 50.

As shown in FIG. 14, the three-dimensional truss (three-dimensional truss structure) 50 includes, for example, a lower chord 11C, an upper chord 12C, an oblique material structure 13C, and a plurality of connecting members (joint portions) 14G.
Further, in the three-dimensional truss (three-dimensional truss structure) 50, for example, an oblique member cross-sectional area changing portion is formed over the entire length of the oblique member structure.

As shown in FIG. 14, the lower chord 11 </ b> C includes, for example, one lower chord member 110 </ b> H whose cross-sectional shape is constant when viewed along the axial direction (longitudinal direction).
In this embodiment, the upper chord member 120H is made of, for example, an H-shaped steel in which flange portions are arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface.
In addition, a plurality of connecting members (joint portions) 14G are arranged at a distance from the lower chord 11C.

Note that the lower truss cross-sectional area changing portion may be formed on the three-dimensional truss 50. When the lower chord cross-sectional area changing portion is formed in the lower chord 11C, for example, an inclined portion having a web height that decreases from the rear side R toward the front end side F is formed on the H-shaped steel web. A truss member (tapered H-section steel) having a cross-sectional area as viewed along the direction that is smaller on the free end side than the support part side may be used, or a plurality of truss members whose cross-sectional area sequentially decreases. (For example, H-section steel etc.) may be joined to constitute the lower chord cross-section changing portion.
In addition, the cross-sectional shape of the lower chord can be arbitrarily set. For example, instead of the H-section steel, the lower chord is constituted by a shape steel of another shape, a solid or hollow rod-shaped member having a polygon or a circular cross-section. May be.

The upper chord 12C includes, for example, one upper chord member 120H having a constant cross-sectional shape when viewed along the axial direction (longitudinal direction).
In this embodiment, the upper chord member 120H is made of, for example, an H-shaped steel in which flange portions are arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface.
The upper chord 12C has a plurality of connecting members (joint portions) 14G arranged alternately with connecting members (joint portions) 14G arranged on the lower chord 11C.

In addition, it is good also as a structure by which the upper chord cross-sectional area change part was formed in the solid truss 50. FIG. When the upper chord cross-sectional area changing portion is formed in the upper chord 12C, for example, an inclined portion whose web height decreases from the rear side R toward the front end F is formed on the H-shaped steel web. A truss member (tapered H-section steel) having a cross-sectional area as viewed along the direction that is smaller on the free end side than the support part side may be used, or a plurality of truss members whose cross-sectional area sequentially decreases. (For example, H-section steel etc.) may be joined to constitute the upper chord cross-section changing portion.
In addition, the cross-sectional shape of the upper chord can be arbitrarily set. For example, instead of the H-section steel, it is configured by a shape steel of another shape, a solid or hollow rod-shaped member having a polygon or a circular cross-section. May be.

  The diagonal structure 13C includes, for example, a plurality of diagonals that join the lower chord 11C and the upper chord 12C via a cassette plate (joint portion) 14G disposed on the lower chord 11C and a cassette plate (joint portion) 14G disposed on the upper chord 12C. A material member 130D is provided.

The diagonal member 130D is formed of, for example, a straight solid round bar having a circular shape with a constant cross-sectional shape when viewed in the axial direction (longitudinal direction).
Splice plates 130S for connecting to the joint portion 14G are formed at both ends of the diagonal member 130D. Moreover, a well-known thing can be applied to the splice plate 130S.

  In addition, the cross-sectional shape when the diagonal member 130D is viewed along the axial direction can be arbitrarily set. For example, the cross-sectional shape is circular in addition to the H-section steel, the shape steel having a polygonal cross-section. Alternatively, a polygonal hollow pipe or the like may be applied.

As shown in FIG. 14, the diagonal material cross-sectional area changing portion in the diagonal material structure 13 </ b> C includes, for example, an diagonal material member (first diagonal material member) 130 </ b> DR and an diagonal material member (second diagonal material member) 130 </ b> DF. ing.
The diagonal member cross-sectional area changing portion is set to (Cross sectional area of diagonal member (first diagonal member) 130DR)> (Cross sectional area of diagonal member (second diagonal member) 130DF).
In the diagonal structure, it is possible to arbitrarily set the range in which the diagonal section change portion is formed, and it may be formed over the entire length or a part thereof.

The joint portion 14G is constituted by, for example, a gusset plate. Moreover, a well-known thing can be applied for a gusset plate.
And the joint part 14 joins the diagonal member 130D by frictional force with connection members, such as a volt | bolt.

Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.
For example, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the cross-sectional area changing portion is formed over the entire length of the cantilever 10F has been described, but the cross-sectional area changing portion may be formed on the cantilever 10F in a part in the longitudinal direction. Good.

In the above embodiment, the case where the cross-sectional area changing unit includes a lower chord cross-sectional area changing unit, an upper chord cross-sectional area changing unit, and an oblique material cross-sectional area changing unit is described. The upper chord cross-section change portion and the diagonal cross-section change portion may be arbitrarily set. The lower chord cross-section change portion, the upper chord cross-section change portion, and the diagonal cross-section change portion. You may be provided with only a part.
In addition, the number and position of truss members (lower chord member, upper chord member, diagonal member) when forming the lower chord cross-sectional area changing portion, the upper chord cross-sectional area changing portion, and the diagonal chord cross-sectional area changing portion are arbitrarily set. be able to.

  In the above embodiment, the case where the lower chord member 110, the upper chord member 120, and the diagonal member 13 are formed in a hollow circular shape when viewed along the axial direction has been described. Can be arbitrarily set, and for example, it may be formed in a solid or polygonal shape (for example, a square shape).

Further, the cross-section changing portion may be formed by arbitrarily combining a straight truss member or a truss member and a truss member.
Moreover, when forming a some cross-sectional shape change part, you may arrange | position the part which a cross section does not change between the cross-sectional shape change part and a cross-sectional shape change part, and the part where a cross section increases.

  Moreover, in the said 5th Embodiment, although the case where the solid truss (three-dimensional truss structure) 50 was provided only with the diagonal section change part was demonstrated, for example, the structure provided with the lower chord cross section change part and the upper chord cross section change part It is good. Further, when forming the lower chord cross section changing portion and the upper chord cross section changing portion, the cross section when viewed along the axial direction may be formed by a truss member formed so that the free end side is smaller than the support portion side. Alternatively, a plurality of truss members whose cross-sectional areas are sequentially reduced may be joined.

  Further, in the fifth embodiment, the oblique material cross-section changing section has a plurality of cross-sectional areas when the oblique material member 130D is viewed along the axial direction, which gradually decreases from the rear side R toward the front side F. The case where the first diagonal member 130DR and the second diagonal member 130DF are used has been described. For example, the tapered diagonal member having a smaller cross-sectional area on the free end side than the support side is formed. Alternatively, the cross-sectional area changing portion may be configured by combining the above configuration and the tapered diagonal member.

Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the lower chord member 110, the upper chord member 120, and the diagonal member 13 which comprise a truss structure were demonstrated with the ball joint 14 and 140 with a volt | bolt, fastening members other than a volt | bolt are used. May be joined.
Moreover, about the form of a joint part, you may use polyhedrons other than a spherical form, without being limited to a ball joint.

In the first to fourth embodiments, the case where the ball joint (joint portion) is applied when the lower chord member, the upper chord member, the diagonal member, and the horizontal member are joined to each other has been described. Can be set as appropriate. For example, instead of a truss mechanical joint having a ball joint (joint part), a cone part, a bolt, or the like which is a node, or joint with a truss mechanical joint may be applied.
Further, a well-known joining member may be used in place of the gusset plate in the fifth embodiment.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the case where the upper chord 12 was a cantilever truss extended to the front side F rather than the lower chord 11, the lower chord 11 extended to the front side F rather than the upper chord 12, for example, The front diagonal member 13F may be applied to a cantilever truss joined to the joint portion of the lower chord member 110 constituting the lower chord 11.

Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the building 100 demonstrated the case where the cantilever 10F was provided in the one side (front side F) with respect to the support part 101, for example, the code | symbol R side shown in FIG. A cantilever truss may be formed.
Moreover, when the front end side F is seen from the base end side R, it is set as the structure provided with a cantilever truss in any one or both of the left side A and the right side B.

  The embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment, and the configuration can be changed, combined, deleted, and the like without departing from the gist of the present invention. Is also included.

10, 20, 30, 40, 50 Truss structure 10F Cantilever truss 11, 11A, 11C Lower chord 110, 111S, 112S, 113S Lower chord member 110H Lower chord member 110, 110T, 111T, 112T Tapered lower chord member 12, 12A, 12C Upper chord 120, 121S, 122S, 123S Upper chord member 120, 120T, 121T, 122T Tapered lower chord member 120H Upper chord member 13, 13A, 13C Diagonal structure 130F, 131R, 131F, 132R, 132F Diagonal member 131TR, 131TF Tapered diagonal member Member 130D, 130DR, 130DF Diagonal member 14, 140 Ball joint (joint part)
14G cassette plate (joint part)
15A, 15B, 16A, 16B Bolt (fastening member)
100 buildings

Claims (4)

A lower chord, an upper chord, and a diagonal structure composed of a plurality of diagonal members that join the lower chord and the upper chord, and at least a part thereof is supported by and separated from the support portion. A three-dimensional truss structure with a cantilever truss with a free end formed at the position,
In the lower chord, a lower chord cross-sectional area changing portion formed such that a cross-sectional area when the lower chord is viewed along the axial direction is smaller on the free end side than the support portion side;
In the upper chord, an upper chord cross-sectional area changing portion in which a cross-sectional area when the upper chord is viewed along the axial direction is formed smaller on the free end side than on the support portion side,
In the oblique material structure, a cross section having all of the oblique material cross-sectional area changing portion formed such that the cross-sectional area when the oblique material member is viewed along the axial direction is smaller on the free end side than on the support portion side. A three-dimensional truss structure comprising a shape changing portion. The three-dimensional truss structure according to claim 1,
The cross-sectional shape changing part is
The lower chord is configured by joining a plurality of lower chord members at a joint portion, and the lower chord is disposed on the free end side of the first lower chord member and the first lower chord member positioned on the support portion side. said lower chord change in sectional area portion configured by a second lower chords member cross-sectional area is smaller than the first lower chords member when viewed along the axial direction,
The upper chord is configured by joining a plurality of upper chord members at a joint portion, and in the upper chord, the first upper chord member positioned on the support portion side and disposed on the free end side of the first upper chord member. said upper chord cross-sectional area change portion configured by a second upper chord member cross-sectional area is smaller than the first upper chord member when viewed along the axial direction,
In the diagonal structure, the first diagonal member positioned on the support portion side and the first diagonal member disposed on the free end side of the first diagonal member and having a cross-sectional area when viewed along the axial direction are the first diagonal member. said diagonal members cross-sectional area change portion configured by a second diagonal member member formed smaller than the slant members members among the three-dimensional truss structure characterized by comprising one at least. The three-dimensional truss structure according to claim 1 or 2,
The cross-sectional shape changing part is
The lower chord is formed by joining a plurality of lower chord members at a joint portion, and a taper formed such that a cross-sectional area on the free end side is smaller than a cross-sectional area on the support portion side when viewed along the axial direction. With a lower chord member,
The upper chord is formed by joining a plurality of upper chord members at a joint portion, and when viewed in the axial direction, the free end side cross-sectional area is smaller than the support portion side cross-sectional area. With an upper chord member,
In the diagonal structure, at least one of a tapered diagonal member formed such that a cross-sectional area on the free end side is smaller than a cross-sectional area on the support portion side when viewed along the axial direction. Three-dimensional truss structure characterized by having. The three-dimensional truss structure according to claim 3,
The cross-sectional shape changing part is
The tapered lower chord member is adjacently disposed from the support portion toward the free end side, and the cross-sectional area on the free end side of the first tapered lower chord member disposed on the support portion side is the free portion. A tapered lower chord member row formed to be equal to or larger than the cross-sectional area of the support portion side of the second tapered lower chord member disposed on the end side;
The tapered upper chord member is adjacently disposed from the support portion toward the free end side, and the cross-sectional area of the first tapered upper chord member disposed on the support portion side on the free end side is the free portion. A tapered upper chord member array formed larger than the cross-sectional area of the support portion side of the second tapered upper chord member disposed on the end side;
The tapered diagonal member is disposed adjacent to the free end side from the support portion, and the cross-sectional area on the free end side of the first tapered diagonal member disposed on the support portion side is: A tapered diagonal member array formed to be equal to or larger than the cross-sectional area of the support portion side of the second tapered diagonal member disposed on the free end side;
A three-dimensional truss structure comprising at least one of the above.

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