JP4108101B2 - 3D tube building structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a building structure, and more particularly to a three-dimensional tube building structure in which a tube frame having a three-dimensional or three-dimensional structure is formed.

  Conventionally, as a high-rise or super-high-rise building structure, a pure ramen frame in which columns and beams are combined in a three-dimensional lattice pattern was common, but there are many constraints on the internal design because there are beams between all columns. There were drawbacks. On the other hand, a tube frame composed of columns continuously arranged on the outer periphery of a building and beams connecting them can secure a space without columns and beams inside, so there is an advantage that the degree of freedom in design is large. There is. Moreover, it is said that it is excellent also in earthquake resistance and wind pressure resistance because the whole building transforms into a tube shape.

  In Patent Document 1, a common zone is formed in the center, a dwelling unit zone is formed on the outer periphery, and an outer tube frame having a general lattice structure of a quadrangular lattice composed of outer peripheral columns arranged on the outer periphery of the dwelling unit zone and outer peripheral beams therebetween. A so-called double tube structure having an inner tube structure having a general frame structure composed of an inner column and an inner beam between the inner columns is disclosed.

  Patent Document 2 also discloses a double tube structure having an outer frame and an internal frame that are general frame structures.

  Patent Document 3 discloses a building having an outer tube structure provided with braces intersecting in a lattice of a general ramen structure composed of vertical columns and horizontal beams. This outer tube structure is a conventional pure ramen frame. A slab diaphragm is provided inside to ensure the same yield strength and rigidity.

  Conventionally, a honeycomb structure in which hexagonal lattices are connected is known as a strong structure, and is used as various parts of buildings or building members (Patent Documents 4, 5, etc.). As an application, for example, as shown in Patent Document 6, a structure in which hexagonal lattices are connected in a horizontal plane to form a honeycomb structure and stacked in a vertical direction via straight columns is known.

  Non-Patent Document 1 presents a building in which a honeycomb steel member is provided on a curved surface layer and the inside is supported by a pillar. However, the honeycomb steel member on the surface layer of the building is not a uniform hexagonal lattice connected in a uniform balance, and each side of the lattice is not a general linear member (column, beam, etc.).

Patent Document 7 describes a single-layer dome frame formed by joining hexagonal lattice structure units in a honeycomb shape. In this hexagonal lattice, the bundle material is arranged upright at the center, the upper and lower ends of the bundle material and each corner of the lattice are connected by a tension material, and the tension can be adjusted by the length of the tension material.
JP 2002-317565 A JP 2004-251056 A JP-A-7-197535 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-4130 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-18431 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-60301 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-3890 “Starting Ground Zero Reproduction New York WTC Site Architectural Competition Selection” by Suzanne Stevens, translated by Yuko Shimoyama, published on December 1, 2004, Publishers Knowledge, p.137

  The basic structure of a conventional tube frame is a general ramen structure in which a square lattice composed of vertical columns (straight columns) and horizontal beams is coupled. And in order to ensure a certain level of structural stability and seismic resistance, especially in high-rise and super-high-rise buildings, it is often insufficient to simply use the outer tube frame. Arrange the columns of the tube frame at a certain density, provide an internal tube frame, connect the outer tube frame and the internal tube frame with a flat slab or a specific beam, or add a subframe inside the outer tube frame In many cases, various structural constraints such as incorporation or connection of a plurality of outer tube frames are essential. For example, in Patent Documents 1 and 2, it is essential to use at least a double tube frame, and in Patent Document 3, it is essential to provide a horizontal slab-shaped diaphragm inside.

  However, even if the tube frame is constructed as a double or even multiple structure, the axial direction of the columns and beams is limited to a specific direction as long as the basic structure is a general rigid frame structure composed of straight columns and horizontal beams. Therefore, depending on the direction of the external force load, a large bending stress is generated. As a result, it is necessary to increase the dimensions of the pillars and beams in order to ensure structural strength, particularly as the height or the height of the sky rises, which limits the degree of freedom of planning.

Further, most of the applications of the honeycomb structure to the tube frame are as described in Patent Document 6, in which a honeycomb structure is provided in a horizontal plane and stacked in a vertical direction via a straight pillar. Similarly, it is supported by straight pillars. The honeycomb structure described in Patent Document 7 is for constructing a single-layer dome frame, and is not intended for a tube frame that can be applied to a high layer or a super high layer.
In Non-Patent Document 1, a honeycomb-shaped steel member is provided on the surface layer, but a support column is required inside, and the entire surface is not supported only by the surface layer.

  In view of the above situation, an object of the present invention is to provide a building structure having a tube frame having a new basic structure that is completely different from the basic structure of a conventional tube frame. The present invention can ensure structural stability and seismic resistance superior to those of conventional structures only in a tube structure, particularly in a structure applied to a high-rise building and a super-high-rise building structure. The purpose is to achieve greater design freedom than building structures.

The configuration of the present invention that achieves the above object is as follows.
(1) In the three-dimensional tube building structure according to claim 1, a single-layer structure in which each side of a hexagonal structure unit is shared with an adjacent hexagonal structure unit and rigidly joined in a honeycomb shape is formed in a plurality of layers. A building structure having a main frame erected at an interval and forming a three-dimensional tube frame using the main frame,
The structural members, which are the sides of the hexagonal structural unit, are connected to each of the two diagonal columns of the left side and the right side, which are tilted in opposite directions with respect to the vertical direction, along the horizontal direction. Each of the upper side and the lower side, and the two left sides and the two right sides are provided at an angle with respect to the plane including the upper side and the lower side, respectively.
In the two-layer adjacent single-layer structure in the main frame, each of the hexagonal structural units on one side and each of the hexagonal structural units on the other side are arranged to face each other and the two layers are between Connected by a plurality of interlayer connecting beams, and
In a plan view of the main frame, the beam that is the upper side or the lower side in any one of the adjacent two-layer structures, the oblique column that is the two left sides or the two right sides, and the two layers A second hexagonal structural unit is formed by the interlayer connecting beam, and the second hexagonal structural unit is rigidly joined in honeycomb form with an adjacent second hexagonal structural unit.
(2) The three-dimensional tube building structure according to claim 2 is the structure according to claim 1 , wherein, in the plan view of the main frame, the interlayer connecting beams are opposite to each other in the two hexagonal structural units facing each other. And on the diagonal line of the quadrangle whose lower sides are opposite sides.
(3) The three-dimensional tube building structure according to claim 3 is characterized in that, in claim 1 or 2, the plurality of single-layer structures are composed of two-layer single-layer structures.
(4) The solid tube building structure according to claim 4 is the solid tube building structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a slab is provided inside the single-layer structure standing upright on the inner side among the plurality of single-layer structures. In the case of being provided, in the single-layer structure erected on the innermost side, the end portion of the slab is used as a structural member instead of the beam on the upper side or the lower side of the hexagonal structural unit. .
(5) A solid tube building structure according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is the solid tube building structure according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein the solid tube-shaped building structure has a substantially quadrangular shape in a plan view. Among the layer structures, at least the outermost single-layer structure and the inner-layer single-layer structure adjacent to the single-layer structure are connected by an interlayer connecting beam that forms two equal sides of an isosceles triangle in a plan view. It is characterized by being.
(6) The three-dimensional tube building structure according to claim 6 is characterized in that, in any one of claims 1 to 5, the main frame includes portions having different numbers of layers of the single-layer structure.
(7) The three-dimensional tube building structure according to claim 7 is the structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the three-dimensional tube-shaped building structure is partially formed from the single-layer structure. It is characterized by including.
(8) The solid tube building structure according to claim 8 is characterized in that, in any one of claims 1 to 7, a plurality of slabs as main frames are provided at the same interval as the height of the hexagonal structure unit. And
(9) A three-dimensional tube building structure according to claim 9 is the structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the three-dimensional tube building structure has a plurality of main frames at the same interval as half the height of the hexagonal structure unit. A slab is provided.

(A) The three-dimensional tube building structure according to the present invention has a main frame in which a single-layer structure formed by rigidly joining hexagonal structure units into a honeycomb shape, that is, a honeycomb shape, is erected with a space between each other. The tube frame is formed using this main frame. Therefore, although the tube frame in the present invention has a thickness and is three-dimensional, that is, three-dimensional, the entire multilayered single-layer structure should be considered as a single tube shell. In this respect, it is essentially different from a conventional double tube frame in which a space for providing a dwelling unit zone or the like is provided between the external frame and the internal frame as in Patent Document 2, for example. Further, in the present invention, since the peripheral surface of the tube frame has a honeycomb structure, a hexagonal tube frame in which a honeycomb structure is provided in a horizontal plane and stacked in a vertical direction via a straight column as in Cited Reference 6, for example, is completely used. It is a different configuration.

  According to such a configuration of the present invention, in addition to the solid structure itself having a hexagonal structure unit rigidly joined in a honeycomb shape having a strong structure, a plurality of them are layered and connected to each other by interlayer connection beams. An extremely strong tube frame can be realized. Hereinafter, the effect of the present invention will be described in detail.

  In the tube frame according to the present invention in which a plurality of single-layer structures in which hexagonal structural units are rigidly joined in a honeycomb shape are laminated, the beam and the interlayer connection beam are not continuous linearly in a horizontal plane, and the column This is a configuration completely different from the conventional tube structure of a general rigid frame structure in that it is composed of oblique columns that are continuous in a zigzag manner.

  A more characteristic configuration is as follows. In the single-layer structure, the left two sides of the hexagonal structural unit and the right two sides of the oblique column are provided at an angle with respect to the plane including the upper and lower beams, and two adjacent single layers Structures are connected by an interlayer connection beam. In this configuration, when the main frame is viewed in plan, the beam on the upper side or the lower side of the hexagonal structure unit in any of the two adjacent layers, the oblique column on the two right sides or the two left sides, and between the two layers A second hexagonal structural unit is formed by the interlayer connecting beam. Further, the second hexagonal structural unit is rigidly joined in honeycomb form with the adjacent second hexagonal structural unit in plan view. The second honeycomb structure formed by such a second hexagonal structure unit is different from the honeycomb structure extending in the horizontal plane as in, for example, the cited document 6, and includes a slanted column so that the height is increased in the vertical direction. The three-dimensional structure is visually recognized as a hexagon when viewed in plan.

  As described above, in the three-dimensional tube building structure of the present invention, in addition to the first rigidly bonded honeycomb structure extending along the tube peripheral surface in one single-layer structure itself, an interlayer connection beam between adjacent single-layer structures. A honeycomb structure is formed by a three-dimensional second rigid joint that extends in a substantially horizontal direction via the.

  Further, the first honeycomb structure is arranged in multiples in the tube radial direction by stacking a plurality of single-layer structures, while the second honeycomb structure is arranged in multiples in the tube height direction. . As a result, a three-dimensional honeycomb structure stretched three-dimensionally in the entire tube frame of the three-dimensional tube building structure is realized.

  Incidentally, such a three-dimensionally expanded honeycomb-like bonding structure is similar to a diamond crystal structure, although the technical field is completely different. Diamond crystal structure is the hardest, stable and resistant to breakage of natural minerals despite its low filling rate. This is because the diamond crystal has a steric bond structure having a hexagonal lattice as a basic unit. The three-dimensional honeycomb structure of the tube frame in the present invention corresponds to a form in which the interatomic bond portion in the diamond crystal structure is replaced with a column and a beam, and it can be inferred that it is an essentially strong structure. .

  As described above, in the three-dimensional tube building structure of the present invention, by realizing a tube frame having a three-dimensional honeycomb structure as a whole, a large supporting force can be exerted against an external force load from any direction. it can.

  In the vertical direction of the honeycomb structure, since all the columns are slanted columns connected in a zigzag manner, they not only support long-term vertical loads but also effectively support short-term external force loads in the horizontal direction or other directions. be able to. In the present invention, the oblique column simultaneously functions as both a column and a brace. In addition, the stress generated at the node between the column and the beam due to the external force load is reduced compared to the stress in the tube frame having a general rigid frame structure. This is because a part of the bending stress is converted and transmitted to the axial force of the structural member (slanting column, beam, etc.). And since members, such as general RC, are strong with respect to compressive force, it is advantageous regarding supporting axial force.

  A tube frame having a three-dimensional honeycomb structure has a geometric shape that is easily vector-converted into an axial force of an oblique column or a beam for an external force load from any angle. In addition, the tube frame with a three-dimensional honeycomb structure also has a geometric shape that facilitates continuous transmission of external force load to the entire frame, so it is converted into axial force one after another, dissipating the load. Can be dispersed. Therefore, the stress due to the bending moment can be reduced. This is because the three-dimensional honeycomb structure in which a plurality of single-layer structures according to the present invention are stacked has more various axial directions than the two-dimensional honeycomb structure having only a single-layer structure. This is because a large number of oblique columns and beams are arranged in a well-balanced manner.

  As described above, the tube frame in the three-dimensional tube building structure of the present invention is superior in structural stability and earthquake resistance as compared to a tube frame of a general ramen structure or a tube frame made of only a single-layer structure, The dimensions of each member can be made smaller than these tube frames, and the degree of freedom in planning is increased. That is, for horizontal loads that cause the same deformation, a column and a beam that are thinner than a tube frame having a general rigid frame structure or a tube frame having only a single-layer structure can be used.

  In addition, the tube frame in the three-dimensional tube building structure of the present invention has a plurality of single-layer structures that are connected and erected, and thus is more self-supporting than a case where only a single-layer structure is erected. ing. As a result, since the dependence on the strength of the slab is reduced, the slab shape and the degree of freedom of arrangement are increased.

  The three-dimensional tube building structure according to the present invention can ensure the structural stability, earthquake resistance, and wind resistance of the entire building as a high-rise and super-high-rise main frame only by the tube frame.

Since at least each single-layer structure is a structure consisting of a large number of hexagonal structural units of basically the same shape, the size and shape of all columns and beams can be unified into one or several types, It is possible to improve workability, shorten the construction period, and reduce costs.
A prestressed concrete structure in which the hexagonal structure unit is pre-united into precast concrete can improve workability, shorten the construction period, and reduce costs.

  Using a honeycomb structure composed of hexagonal structural units as a tube frame also contributes to the aesthetic appearance of the building.

(B) In the preferred embodiment of the three-dimensional tube building structure of the present invention, in the plan view of the main frame, the interlayer connecting beam is on a rectangular diagonal line with the upper sides of two hexagonal structural units facing each other as opposite sides. In addition, they are arranged on a diagonal line of a quadrangle whose lower sides are opposite sides. According to this configuration, the beams are rigidly joined in a horizontal plane, and a strong structure is obtained. Further, the interlayer connecting beam is provided so as to be inclined with respect to the surfaces of the two hexagonal structural units facing each other, so that the interlayer connecting beam has a suitable angle as one side forming the second honeycomb structure in plan view. Will be placed.

(C) In the preferred form of the three-dimensional tube building structure of the present invention, the simplest form capable of producing the above-described effect is realized by making a plurality of single-layer structures into two-layer single-layer structures. Is done. In this case, the total amount of structure and the construction cost can be reduced.

(D) In the preferred embodiment of the three-dimensional tube building structure of the present invention, a plurality of single-layer structures are overlaid, and a slab as a main frame is provided inside the single-layer structure that is erected on the innermost side. The end portion of the slab can be used as a structural member in place of the beam on the upper side or the lower side of the hexagonal structural unit in the single-layer structure erected on the innermost side. Thereby, the number of beams can be reduced.

(E) In the preferred form of the three-dimensional tube building structure of the present invention, at the corner when the tube-like building structure is substantially square in plan view, at least the outermost single-layer structure among the plurality of single-layer structures. The body and the single-layer structure of the inner layer adjacent to the body are connected by an interlayer connection beam that forms two equal sides of an isosceles triangle in plan view. According to this configuration, the interlayer connecting beams are arranged more densely at the corners, and the external force load is arranged in a triangle that is easily converted into an axial force. Can be achieved.

(F) In the preferred form of the three-dimensional tube building structure of the present invention, the main frame includes portions having different numbers of layers of the single-layer structure. According to this configuration, the number of layers of the single-layer structure is reduced to reduce the thickness of the main frame at a location where the stress concentration is relatively small, and the single layer is provided at a location where stress concentration is expected (for example, a location near the corner). By increasing the number of layers of the structure and increasing the thickness of the main frame, it is possible to optimally design the entire three-dimensional tube building structure. Moreover, it contributes also to the reduction of the total amount of structure and construction cost by making the number of layers of a single layer structure minimum.

(G) In the suitable form of the three-dimensional tube building structure of this invention, the location partially formed from one single layer structure is included. According to this configuration, the single-layer structure is made thinner at a location where the stress concentration is relatively small, and the single-layer structure is formed in a plurality of layers at a location where stress concentration is expected (for example, a location near the corner). Thus, the optimum design of the entire three-dimensional tube building structure becomes possible. Moreover, it contributes also to reduction of a structure total amount and construction cost by making a single layer structure into one layer.

(H) In the preferred form of the three-dimensional tube building structure of the present invention, a plurality of slabs as main frames are provided at the same interval as the height of the hexagonal structural unit. In another preferred embodiment, a plurality of slabs as main frames are provided at the same interval as half the height of the hexagonal structural unit. According to these configurations, the strength of the entire three-dimensional tube building structure can be improved by providing the slab as the main frame. As a result, the burden on the tube frame can be reduced, and the size of the columns and beams of the tube frame can be appropriately reduced. Thus, when another main frame element is further added in addition to the tube frame, each burden ratio can be adjusted by design, and the size of the member to be used can be adjusted.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 and 2A to 2D are views for showing a basic form of a tube frame in a three-dimensional tube building structure according to the present invention.
The tube frame in the three-dimensional tube building structure according to the present invention basically uses a main frame in which a plurality of single-layer structures having a honeycomb structure are erected and the plurality of single-layer structures are connected to each other. Thus, it is formed into a tube shape, that is, a cylindrical shape. In addition to the strong structure of the single-layer structure itself in which hexagonal structural units are rigidly joined in a honeycomb shape, an extremely strong tube frame can be realized by connecting a plurality of them in layers.

  FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of an embodiment of a tube frame in a three-dimensional tube building structure according to the present invention. The tube frame 1 shown in FIG. 1 is an embodiment having a main frame made of a two-layer single-layer structure. The axis of the tube extends along the vertical direction. In the illustrated example, the cross-sectional shape of the tube is substantially quadrangular, but the cross-sectional shape may be another polygonal shape, a circular shape, an elliptical shape, or the like. The two-layer single-layer structure is a single-layer structure A erected on the outer side and a single-layer structure B erected on the inner side with a predetermined interval therebetween. These two-layer main frames constitute the main part of the structural frame, and are the main parts in terms of structural strength.

  FIG. 2A is a partially enlarged view of the tube frame 1 of FIG. 2A (a) shows a portion including the vicinity of the lower end of the tube frame 1, and FIG. 2A (b) is a set of hexagons facing each other among the hexagonal structural units constituting the single-layer structures A and B, respectively. Structural units 10A and 10B are shown.

  As shown in FIGS. 2A (a) and 2 (b), a single-layer structure A is a honeycomb formed by rigidly joining each side of a hexagonal structure unit 10A with an adjacent hexagonal structure unit in a honeycomb shape. It has a structure. Similarly, the single-layer structure B also has a honeycomb structure in which each side of the hexagonal structure unit 10B is shared with an adjacent hexagonal structure unit and rigidly joined in a honeycomb shape. Each hexagonal structural unit 10A constituting the single-layer structure A and each hexagonal structural unit 10B constituting the single-layer structure B are arranged so as to face each other.

The structural members of the six sides constituting one hexagonal structural unit 10A in the single-layer structure A include beams arranged on the lower side 11A and the upper side 12A along the horizontal direction, and the left two sides 13A and 14A, respectively. Each of them is composed of an oblique column and an oblique column disposed on each of the two right sides 15A and 16A.
Similarly, the structural members of the six sides constituting one hexagonal structural unit 10B in the single-layer structure B are composed of beams arranged on the lower side 11B and the upper side 12B along the horizontal direction, and the left two sides 13B. And 14B, and the oblique columns respectively disposed on the right two sides 15B and 16B.

  Further, the single-layer structure A and the single-layer structure B are connected by a plurality of interlayer connection beams L. The interlayer connection beam L connects the upper sides 12A and 12B and the lower sides 11A and 11B of the two hexagonal structural units 10A and 10B facing each other by rigid joining. As shown in the figure, the interlayer connecting beam L extends not in the vertical direction but in the inclined direction with respect to each upper side or each lower side. That is, the opposite ends of the two upper sides 12A and 12B that are parallel to each other are connected to each other, and the opposite ends of the two lower sides 11A and 11B that are parallel to each other are connected to each other.

  In addition, as a basic form of the tube frame of the present invention, a single-layer structure having a plurality of layers, not limited to two layers, may be stacked, but in that case, the single-layer structure standing on the innermost side A slab as a main frame can be provided inside. When such a slab is provided, the end portion of the slab can be used as a structural member in place of the beam on the upper side or the lower side of the hexagonal structure unit in the single-layer structure erected on the innermost side. Thereby, the number of beams can be reduced.

  FIG. 2B is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a single-layer structure A that is an outer layer of the tube frame 1 illustrated in FIG. 1. The single-layer structure B has the same configuration. FIG. 2B (a) is a partially enlarged front view of the single-layer structure A, and FIG. 2B (b) is a plan view of the single-layer structure A corresponding to the part of FIG. 2B (a).

  In addition, the plan view in the drawings attached to the present specification is a plan view of the basic form of the tube frame according to the present invention as viewed from above (referring to this viewpoint as hereinafter referred to as “plan view”). Supplementally, for example, when the tube frame 1 is applied to an actual building, a member such as a special beam for end processing is usually arranged at the upper end. It is the meaning of the top view in the tube frame when not including. The same applies to the other plan views shown below.

  As shown in FIG. 2A, the single-layer structure A is formed by rigidly bonding hexagonal structure units in a honeycomb shape. As shown in part in FIG. 2B (a), in this honeycomb structure, a plurality of hexagonal structure unit rows 10A1 (first row) joined along the vertical direction G and right next to the first row. A plurality of hexagonal structural unit rows 10A2 (second row) that are also located along the vertical direction G, and are also located along the right side of the second row and also coupled along the vertical direction G. A plurality of hexagonal structural unit rows 10A3 (third row) are arranged. The first row 10A1 and the second row 10A2 are alternately shifted by the length of half the height h of the hexagonal structural unit, and the same applies to the second row 10A2 and the third row 10A3. . The first row 10A1 and the third row 10A3 are located at the same height. Therefore, in the honeycomb structure, the first row 10A1 and the second row 10A2 are alternately arranged along the circumferential direction of the tube.

As shown in the front view of FIG. 2B (a), each hexagonal structural unit has a bilaterally symmetrical shape in plan, but does not have to be a regular hexagon. For the two right sides, a lower right side 15A and an upper right side 16A, which are two oblique columns inclined in opposite directions with respect to the vertical direction G, are connected to each other. The lower right side 15A is inclined with respect to the vertical direction G by an angle α, and the upper right side 16A is inclined with respect to the vertical direction G in the opposite direction by an angle α. The connecting portion of the two oblique columns protrudes outward from the hexagonal structure unit.
The left lower side 13A and the upper left side 14A constituting the two left sides are also two connected oblique columns inclined symmetrically with the two right sides.

Actually, as shown in the plan view of FIG. 2B (b), each hexagonal structural unit of the single-layer structure A in the present invention is not flat. In plan view, for example, for the hexagonal structural unit 10A2, the oblique column of the upper left side 14A (superimposed on the lower left side 13A) is provided at an angle β1 with respect to the plane including the beams of the upper side 12A and the lower side 11A. On the other hand, oblique columns of right upper side 16A (overlapped with the right lower side 15A) is provided at an angle beta 2 with respect to a plane including the beams of the upper side 12A and lower side 11A. In this case, the left oblique column and the right oblique column are positioned on opposite sides of the plane including the upper and lower beams. Therefore, in a plan view, the hexagonal structural unit row 10A2 is bent so as to drop from the upper left to the lower right in the paper direction of the drawing. Similarly, the column 10A1 of the hexagonal structural unit adjacent to the left is also bent so as to descend from the upper left to the lower right. On the other hand, the column 10A3 of the right hexagonal structural unit is bent so as to rise from the lower left to the upper right in the paper direction of the drawing.

  In one hexagonal structural unit, each of the left oblique column and the right oblique column in plan view may be bent so as to be opposite to each other with respect to the plane including the upper and lower beams, or on the same side. You may bend so that it may be located. Further, the angles β1 and β2 formed by the left oblique column and the right oblique column with respect to the plane including the upper and lower beams may be different from each other.

  However, as shown in FIG. 2B (b), in a plan view, all the hexagonal structural units connected in the vertical direction and included in the same row have a common planar shape without shifting from each other. Note that the hexagonal structural units in different rows (for example, the second row and the third row) may have different planar shapes.

  In this way, each of the left oblique column and the right oblique column has a specific sectional shape by connecting the hexagonal structural units provided at a predetermined angle with respect to the plane including the upper and lower beams in a predetermined arrangement. The tube frame 1 can be formed. Therefore, the bending shape and arrangement design of the individual hexagonal structural units are also determined by the desired cross-sectional shape of the tube frame 1.

  FIG. 2C (a) is a partially enlarged plan view of the tube frame 1 shown in FIG. A part of a main frame formed by two-layered single-layer structures A and B and an interlayer connecting beam L connecting them is shown. In the single-layer structure A, the portion of the hexagonal structural unit row 10A1 to 10A4 is shown, and in the single-layer structure B, the portion of the hexagonal structural unit row 10B1 to 10B4 is shown. The interlayer distance d between the single-layer structures is basically kept substantially constant over the entire tube frame 1.

  As shown in FIG. 2C (a), one of the features of the main frame of the tube frame in the present invention is that the second hexagonal structural units 21, 22, 23. . Is formed. Further, these second hexagonal structural units 21, 22, 23. . Also, the second hexagonal structural unit adjacent to each other shares a side and is rigidly joined in a honeycomb shape. Thereby, the tube frame 1 has the 2nd honeycomb structure extended in a substantially horizontal direction.

FIG. 2C (b) is an explanatory view schematically showing only the portions of the second hexagonal structural units 21 and 22 shown in FIG. 2C (a).
For example, the six-side structural members constituting the second hexagonal structural unit 21 are the first row 10A1 and the second row 10A2 of the single-layer structure A and the first row 10B1 and the second row of the single-layer structure B. 10B2 is formed by the beam, the oblique column, and the interlayer connection beam L. Specifically, it is as follows.
<Structural members on each side of second hexagonal structural unit 21>
-Upper left side: Interlayer connection beam L
Lower left side: beams 11A1 and 12A1 in the first row 10A1 of the single-layer structure A
Upper side: oblique columns 15B1 and 16B1 in the first row 10B1 of the single-layer structure B and oblique columns 13B2 and 14B2 in the second row 10B2
Lower side: the oblique columns 15A1 and 16A1 in the first row 10A1 and the oblique columns 13A2 and 14A2 in the second row 10A2 of the single-layer structure A
Upper right side: Beams 11B2 and 12B2 in the second row of the single-layer structure B
-Lower right piece: Interlayer connection beam L

Further, for example, the six side structural members constituting the second hexagonal structural unit 22 adjacent to the right are the second row 10A2 and the third row 10A3 of the single-layer structure A and the second row of the single-layer structure B. 10B2 and the third row 10B3 are formed by the beam, the oblique column, and the interlayer connection beam L. Specifically, it is as follows.
<Structural members on each side of second hexagonal structural unit 22>
-Upper left side: Interlayer connection beam L
Lower left side: beams 11A2 and 12A2 in the second row 10A2 of the single-layer structure A
Upper side: oblique columns 15B2 and 16B2 in the second row 10B2 of the single-layer structure B and oblique columns 13B3 and 14B3 in the third row 10B3
Lower side: oblique columns 15A2 and 16A2 in the second row 10A2 of the single-layer structure A and oblique columns 13A3 and 14A3 in the third row 10A3
・ Upper right side: Interlayer connection beam L
Lower right piece: beams 11B3 and 12B3 in the third row of the single-layer structure B

  As shown in FIG. 2C (b), in the second hexagonal structural unit in plan view, at least two opposing sides constituted by the oblique columns are parallel to each other and have the same length.

  FIG. 2C (c) is a diagram obtained by extracting a part composed of a pair of opposed beams and an interlayer connection beam L from the explanatory diagram of FIG. 2C (b). In this way, the interlayer connection beams L are arranged on the diagonal of the quadrangle with the upper beams of the two hexagonal structural units facing each other as the opposite sides, and on the diagonal of the quadrangle with the lower beams as the opposite sides. Yes. When there is a difference in length between a pair of diagonal lines that intersect, it is preferable that the diagonal lines are arranged on the shorter diagonal line. In other words, this portion has a characteristic italic N-shape. In addition, in the curved part of the tube frame 1, there are also places where the italic N-shaped shape is inverted. For example, in FIG. 2C (a), the left two italic N-shaped parts and the right two italic N-shaped parts are inverted from each other.

  As shown in FIG. 2C (b) and FIG. 2C (c), the second honeycomb structure in the plan view of the tube frame is composed of two parallel sides formed by oblique columns, a beam and an interlayer connection beam L. It can also be referred to as a shape in which the italic N-shaped portions that are configured are connected alternately.

  In the basic form of the tube frame of the present invention, not only two layers but also a plurality of single-layer structures may be stacked, but in this case as well, two adjacent single layers in a plan view are similarly applied. A second hexagonal structural unit is formed by a beam that is an upper side or a lower side in any one of the layer structures, an oblique column that is two left sides or two right sides, and an interlayer connecting beam between two layers, and Adjacent second hexagonal structural units share a side and are rigidly joined to form a second honeycomb structure.

  The second hexagonal structural unit in plan view does not necessarily have a bilaterally symmetric shape as shown in FIGS. 3A to 3D described later, and the opposing beams may not be the same length. Furthermore, some vertices may be concave. This is because the shape of each second hexagonal structural unit depends on the design of the cross-sectional shape of the tube frame 1. However, at least two opposing sides constituted by oblique columns are arranged in parallel and with the same length.

  The second hexagonal structural unit is also not flat when viewed from the side. In order to include the oblique column as an element of the side, there is a height in the vertical direction.

  2D is an overall plan view of the tube frame 1 shown in FIG. The illustrated tube frame 1 has a substantially square cross-sectional shape. Therefore, the second hexagonal structural units 21, 22. . Are formed on each side of a substantially square shape. A special structure is provided for the four corners X. This will be described later with reference to FIG.

Note that the second honeycomb structure in plan view has a multiple structure in which a plurality of layers of the second honeycomb structure exist in the entire tube frame 1 as viewed from the side . On the other hand, the above-described first honeycomb structure forming the peripheral surface of the single-layer structure also has a multi-layered structure in which a plurality of single-layer structures are stacked. Therefore, the tube frame 1 has a three-dimensional three-dimensional honeycomb structure by the first honeycomb structure and the second honeycomb structure in plan view.

  3A to 3C respectively show examples of various connection forms of hexagonal structural units in a single-layer structure, and examples of various connection forms in a main frame in which two layers of single-layer structures are stacked. FIG.

  FIG. 3A (a) partially shows an example of a single-layer structure A, which includes rows of hexagonal structural units from the first row 10A1 to the fourth row 10A4. The rows of the hexagonal structural units are arranged so that the oblique columns on both sides are located on the opposite side with respect to the plane including the beam. Further, the rows of hexagonal structural units are connected so that the bending directions are the same, and as a result, the entire unit moves linearly from the upper left to the lower right of the drawing. FIG. 3A (b) shows a part of a main frame formed by stacking a single layer structure B having the same arrangement configuration as the single layer structure A of FIG. 3A (a). In this case, the italic N-shaped portions composed of the beams and the interlayer connection beams L are all in the same direction. This configuration can be applied to a straight portion in the cross-sectional shape of the tube frame.

  FIG. 3B (a) partially shows another embodiment of the single-layer structure A, which includes rows of hexagonal structural units from the first row 10A1 to the fourth row 10A4. The rows of the hexagonal structural units are arranged so that the oblique columns on both sides are located on the opposite side with respect to the plane including the beam. The difference from the example of FIG. 3A described above is that the rows of hexagonal structural units are connected so as to alternately reverse the direction of bending. Therefore, it has a shape that meanders in the vertical direction of the drawing. FIG. 3B (b) shows a part of a main frame formed by stacking a single layer structure B having the same arrangement configuration as the single layer structure A of FIG. 3B (a). In this case, the italic N-shaped portions composed of the beams and the interlayer connecting beams L are alternately inverted. This configuration can be applied to a straight portion including a meandering shape in the cross-sectional shape of the tube frame.

  FIG. 3C (a) partially shows yet another embodiment of the single-layer structure A, which includes rows of hexagonal structural units from the first row 10A1 to the third row 10A3. Unlike the example of FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B described above, the rows of the hexagonal structural units are arranged so that the oblique columns on both sides are located on the same side with respect to the plane including the beam. Therefore, it becomes the shape which draws a curve as a whole. FIG. 3C (b) shows a part of a main frame formed by stacking a single layer structure B having substantially the same arrangement configuration as the single layer structure A of FIG. 3C (a). In this case, in order to draw a curve as a whole, the beam of the inner single-layer structure B is shorter than the beam of the outer single-layer structure A. This configuration can be applied to a curved portion in the cross-sectional shape of the tube frame.

  FIG. 3D is a plan view of an embodiment of the tube frame 1 having a substantially circular cross-sectional shape. The second hexagonal structural units 21, 22.. . A second honeycomb structure is formed.

  As described above, the tube frame 1 of the present invention has a three-dimensional honeycomb structure formed by the first honeycomb structure constituting each single-layer structure and the second honeycomb structure in plan view. Such a geometric shape is a shape that is easily vector-converted into an axial force of a slanted column or a beam for an external force load from any angle. In addition, the tube frame 1 having a three-dimensional honeycomb structure has a geometrical shape that allows the external force load to be continuously transmitted to the entire frame, so that the external force load is dissipated by converting it into an axial force one after another in the process. Can be dispersed. Therefore, the stress due to the bending moment can be reduced. This is because the three-dimensional honeycomb structure in which a plurality of single-layer structures according to the present invention are stacked has more various axial directions than the two-dimensional honeycomb structure having only a single-layer structure. This is because a large number of oblique columns and beams are arranged in a well-balanced manner.

  FIG. 4 is an external perspective view showing an embodiment of the three-dimensional tube building structure according to the present invention. The tube frame 1 has the same configuration as that shown in FIG. In the building structure of FIG. 4, a plurality of slabs 31 a and 31 b are provided inside the tube frame 1. In this embodiment, each of the slabs 31a, 31b extends horizontally throughout the inside of the inner single-layer structure B. The plurality of slabs 31a are respectively joined to the beams 11B1 and 12B1 on the lower side and the upper side of the hexagonal structural unit included in the first row 10B1. The plurality of slabs 31b are respectively joined to the beams 11B2 and 12B2 on the lower side and the upper side of the hexagonal structural unit included in the adjacent second row 10B2. Therefore, the interval between adjacent slabs 31a and slabs 31b is one half of the height h of the hexagonal structural unit. If the interval between the slab 31a and the slab 31b is two levels of the building, four levels are provided in the height h of one hexagonal structure unit by subdividing into two levels using subframes. be able to.

  Note that the ends of the slab 31a and / or slab 31b, which are main frames, can serve as the beams 11B1, 12B1, etc. of the hexagonal structural unit of the single-layer structure B, and in this case, these beams are omitted. it can.

  In addition, the end portion of the slab 31a and / or 31b has a single-layer structure B at a place where there is no beam of the single-layer structure B (that is, on the center line that divides one hexagonal structure unit into two in the horizontal direction). It may protrude to the interlayer space with the single layer structure A, and may protrude beyond the single layer structure A to the outside.

  FIG. 5 is an external perspective view showing another embodiment of the three-dimensional tube building structure according to the present invention. The embodiment of FIG. 5 is substantially the same as that of FIG. 4, and adjacent slabs 31 a and 31 b are provided at an interval of half the height h of the hexagonal structural unit. The difference is that each of 31b is partially provided inside the inner single-layer structure B. In this case, the area of each slab 31a, 31b is set so as to be acceptable in terms of structural mechanics.

  Although not shown, when a slab as a main frame is provided as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, it may be provided for each height h of the hexagonal structure unit. Moreover, the height h of one hexagonal structure unit can be variously set, and may be for four levels of buildings or for two levels. Therefore, the tube frame having the three-dimensional honeycomb structure of the present invention has a high degree of freedom in the arrangement of the slabs in the plane, the slab interval, the setting of the hierarchy, and the like.

  When the height h of one hexagonal structure unit is set to four layers, the main frame forms a space of two layers or four layers because beams exist alternately every two layers. Therefore, the subframes for each level do not need to bear the earthquake resistance and wind pressure resistance of the entire building, can be appropriately set for joining and separation, and have a large degree of freedom in plane and three-dimensional space.

  Moreover, since all the structural members of the tube frame of the present invention are linear members, it is easy to provide openings.

  Since the tube frame of the present invention has a very strong structure in which a plurality of single-layer structures are stacked, the entire building structure can be sufficiently supported without a slab as a main frame inside. Therefore, there is a great degree of freedom in the installation of internal elevators, stairs, pipe spaces, atriums, and the like.

  Since the honeycomb structure is basically a repetition of hexagonal structure units of the same size, it is possible to unify the sizes and shapes of all the columns and beams into several types. Therefore, it is possible to improve the workability, shorten the construction period, and reduce the cost.

  In addition, it is possible to improve the workability, shorten the construction period, and reduce costs by unitizing structural units of a predetermined shape to form hexagonal structural units into precast concrete as a prestressed concrete structure or steel structure. it can.

  Hereinafter, the form of the corner of the tube frame of the present invention and other modifications are explained.

  FIG. 6A is a partial perspective view showing the structure of the corner X in the tube frame 1 having a substantially square cross-sectional shape shown in the plan view of FIG. 2D. FIG. 6B is a partial plan view. At the corner of the outermost single-layer structure A, a hexagonal structure unit 40A is arranged so as to form an equal angle (45 degrees in the illustrated example) with respect to the adjacent surfaces (assumed to be substantially flat). The A plurality of hexagonal structural units 40a are connected in the vertical direction to form a row at the corner. The six sides of the hexagonal structure unit 40 a are formed by beams of the lower side 41 and the upper side 42, a left oblique column of the lower left side 43 and the upper left side 44, and a right oblique column of the lower right side 45 and the upper right side 46.

  On the other hand, the corner portion of the inner single-layer structure B is formed by connecting two hexagonal prisms between two hexagonal structural units located at the extreme ends of both adjacent surfaces (assumed to be substantially flat). 51 and 52 are joined. Accordingly, a rhombus formed by the four oblique columns 13B, 14B, 15B, and 16B is formed at the corner of the single-layer structure B.

  Furthermore, both end portions of the beam 41 in the single-layer structure A and the connecting portion 51 at the corner of the single-layer structure B are connected by interlayer connection beams 47a and 48a, respectively. Similarly, both end portions of the beam 42 in the single-layer structure A and the connecting portion 52 at the corner of the single-layer structure B are connected by interlayer connection beams 47b and 48b, respectively. 6B, interlayer connection beams 47a and 48a (or 47b and 48b) extending from both ends of the beam 41 (or 42) at the corner of the outermost single-layer structure A in the plan view. ) Form two equal sides of an isosceles triangle whose apex is the connecting portion 51 (or 52) of the inner single-layer structure B.

  In the corner structure shown in FIG. 6, the interlayer connecting beams are arranged more densely at the corners, and the triangular load is easily arranged to convert the external force load into the axial force. The strength of the part can be improved.

  FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a mode in which portions having different numbers of layers of a single-layer structure are provided in the tube frame of the present invention. The tube frame of the present invention is basically formed by stacking a plurality of single-layer structures, but it is not necessary to form only a two-layer structure or only a three-layer structure, for example, a part of a two-layer structure. And a portion having a three-layer structure may be mixed. Furthermore, as long as the effects of the present invention are exhibited, a portion where only a single-layer structure is disposed may be provided.

  FIG. 7A shows the structure of the number-of-layers transition portion between the portion where only a single layer structure is arranged (S layer portion) and the portion where two layers are arranged (portion consisting of A layer and B layer). It is a fragmentary perspective view shown. The left side of the drawing is a two-layer part, and the right side is an S-layer part. As an example, the S layer and the A layer are apparently continuous, and the B layer is provided with an interlayer distance inside the A layer (in the depth direction in the drawing). In this case, another beam M is joined to the end of the S layer side of the beam 12A of the hexagonal structure unit (layer number transition portion) located at the end of the S layer at a predetermined angle toward the inside. To do. This predetermined angle is set so that the distance d between the tip of the beam M and the tip of the beam 12A is the interlayer distance between the A layer and the B layer. Then, a hexagonal structural unit of the B layer is connected from the tip of the beam M.

  FIG. 7B shows a layer number transition portion between a portion in which only a single layer structure is disposed (S layer portion) and a portion in which three layers are disposed (portion composed of A layer, B layer and C layer). It is a fragmentary perspective view which shows the structure. The left side of the drawing is a three-layer part, and the right side is an S-layer part. As an example, the S layer and the A layer are apparently continuous, the B layer is provided with an interlayer distance inside the A layer, and the C layer is provided with an interlayer distance inside the B layer. Yes. In this case, another beam M1 is joined at a predetermined angle toward the inner side to the end of the beam 12A of the hexagonal structural unit (layer number transition portion) located at the end of the S layer on the S layer side. To do. This predetermined angle is set so that the distance d1 between the tip of the beam M1 and the tip of the beam 12A is the interlayer distance between the A layer and the B layer. Then, a hexagonal structural unit of the B layer is connected from the tip of the beam M1. Further, another beam M2 is joined to the end of the beam 12B located at the end of the B layer on the S layer side inward at a predetermined angle. This predetermined angle is set so that the distance d2 between the beam M2 and the tip of the beam 12B is the interlayer distance between the B layer and the C layer. And the hexagonal structure unit of C layer is connected from the front-end | tip of the beam M2.

  The structure of the layer number transition part shown in FIG. 7 is an example, and various modifications are possible. In general, the number of layers may be increased at locations where stress is concentrated, and the number of layers may be decreased at locations where the load is light. This mainly depends on the overall shape of the tube frame.

  In addition, the three-dimensional tube building structure according to the present invention is basically in a form in which the entire tube frame is formed from the first honeycomb structure and the second honeycomb structure, but as long as the gist of the present invention is met, In addition, as long as structural dynamics permits, the case where a structure other than the honeycomb structure is incorporated in a part of the tube frame is also included in the scope of the present invention.

  The three-dimensional tube building structure according to the present invention can be constructed by various building materials, such as wooden, steel, reinforced concrete (RC), steel reinforced concrete (SRC), concrete filled steel pipe (CFT), prestressed concrete (PC). ) And so on.

It is an external appearance perspective view of one Example of the tube frame in the solid tube building structure of this invention. It is the elements on larger scale of the tube frame 1 of FIG. (A) shows a portion including the vicinity of the lower end of the tube frame, (b) shows a set of hexagonal structural units facing each other among the hexagonal structural units constituting the single-layer structures A and B, respectively. Yes. It is a figure which shows the structure of the single layer structure A which is a layer of the outer side of the tube frame shown in FIG. (A) is the partial expanded front view of the single layer structure A, (b) is a top view of the single layer structure A corresponding to the part of (a). (A) is the elements on larger scale of the tube frame shown in FIG. (B) is explanatory drawing which showed typically only the part of the 2nd hexagonal structure unit shown to (a). (C) is the figure which extracted the part especially comprised by the beam and the interlayer connection beam L from the explanatory drawing of (b). It is a whole top view of the tube frame shown in FIG. The illustrated tube frame 1 has a substantially square cross-sectional shape. (A) is a partial illustration of an example of a single-layer structure A, and (b) is formed by layering a single-layer structure B having the same arrangement configuration as the single-layer structure A of (a). It is a figure which shows a part of main frame which was made. (A) is a partial illustration of an example of a single-layer structure A, and (b) is formed by layering a single-layer structure B having the same arrangement configuration as the single-layer structure A of (a). It is a figure which shows a part of main frame which was made. (A) is a partial illustration of an example of a single-layer structure A, and (b) is formed by layering a single-layer structure B having the same arrangement configuration as the single-layer structure A of (a). It is a figure which shows a part of main frame which was made. It is a top view of one Example of the tube frame which has a substantially circular cross-sectional shape. It is an external appearance perspective view which shows one Example of the solid tube building structure by this invention. It is an external appearance perspective view which shows another Example of the solid tube building structure by this invention. (A) is a partial perspective part which shows the structure of the corner X in the tube frame 1 which has the substantially square cross-sectional shape shown to the top view of FIG. 2D. (B) is also a partial plan view. (A) is a fragmentary perspective view which shows the structure of the layer number transition part between S layer part and 2 layer part. (B) is a fragmentary perspective view which shows the structure of the layer number transition part between S layer part and 3 layer part.

Explanation of symbols

1 Tube frame A, B Single-layer structure L Interlayer connection beam 10A, 10B Hexagonal structure unit 10A1, 10A2, 10A3, 10A4 Hexagonal structure unit array 10B1, 10B2, 10B3, 10B4 Hexagonal structure unit array 11A, 11B Lower side 12A , 12B Upper side 13A, 13B Lower left side 14A, 14B Upper left side 15A, 15B Lower right side 16A, 16B Upper right side 21, 22, 23 Second hexagonal structural unit 31a, 31b Slab

Claims (9)

A single-layer structure in which each side of the hexagonal structure unit is shared with an adjacent hexagonal structure unit and rigidly joined in a honeycomb shape and has a main frame in which a plurality of layers are spaced apart from each other. An architectural structure in which a three-dimensional tube frame is formed using a frame,
The structural members, which are the sides of the hexagonal structural unit, are connected to each of the two diagonal columns of the left side and the right side, which are tilted in opposite directions with respect to the vertical direction, along the horizontal direction. Each of the upper side and the lower side, and the two left sides and the two right sides are provided at an angle with respect to the plane including the upper side and the lower side, respectively.
In the two-layer adjacent single-layer structure in the main frame, each of the hexagonal structural units on one side and each of the hexagonal structural units on the other side are arranged to face each other and the two layers are between Connected by a plurality of interlayer connecting beams, and
In a plan view of the main frame, the beam that is the upper side or the lower side in any one of the adjacent two-layer structures, the oblique column that is the two left sides or the two right sides, and the two layers A solid hexagonal tube building in which a second hexagonal structural unit is formed by the interlayer connecting beams, and the second hexagonal structural unit is rigidly joined in honeycomb form with an adjacent second hexagonal structural unit. Structure.   In the plan view of the main frame, the interlayer connecting beams are on a diagonal of a quadrangle whose opposite sides are the upper sides of the two hexagonal structural units facing each other, and on a diagonal of a quadrangle whose opposite sides are the lower sides The three-dimensional tube building structure according to claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional tube building structure is arranged in a vertical direction.   The three-dimensional tube building structure according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of single-layer structures are made of two-layer single-layer structures.   When a slab is provided in the innermost single layer structure among the plurality of single layer structures, the hexagonal structural unit in the innermost single layer structure is provided. The three-dimensional tube building structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an end portion of the slab is used as a structural member instead of the upper side beam or the lower side beam.   A single-layer structure of at least the outermost single-layer structure of the plurality of single-layer structures and an inner layer adjacent thereto at the corner when the three-dimensional tubular building structure is substantially square in plan view The three-dimensional tube building structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the body is connected by interlayer connection beams that form two equal sides of an isosceles triangle in plan view.   The three-dimensional tube building structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the main frame includes a portion in which the number of layers of the single-layer structure is different.   The three-dimensional tube building structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the three-dimensional tube-shaped building structure partially includes a portion formed from a single layer of the single-layer structure.   The three-dimensional tube building structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a plurality of slabs as main frames are provided at the same interval as the height of the hexagonal structural unit.   The three-dimensional tube building structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a plurality of slabs as main frames are provided at the same interval as one half of the height of the hexagonal structural unit.

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