JP6584580B2 - Image forming apparatus - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an image forming apparatus having a function of correcting a color shift between a plurality of images having different colors.

  An image forming apparatus using an electrophotographic method forms a latent image on a photosensitive drum by exposing the photosensitive drum with a light beam emitted from an optical scanning device, and develops the latent image with toner to form a toner image. As a visualization. The toner image formed on the photosensitive drum is transferred onto a recording paper or an intermediate transfer belt, fixed on the recording paper by the heat and pressure of a fixing device, and output as an output product.

  In general, an optical scanning device includes a light source, a rotating polygon mirror that is rotationally driven to polarize a light beam emitted from the light source, and a lens or mirror that guides the light beam deflected by the rotating polygon mirror to a photosensitive drum. It is configured to be housed and held in a box.

  In recent years, in color copying machines, a method of exposing a plurality of color photosensitive drums by one optical scanning device is becoming the mainstream, instead of arranging optical scanning devices corresponding to the respective colors. In this system, in particular, when the temperature in the image forming apparatus changes, the optical box of the optical scanning apparatus thermally expands. In addition, due to the influence of the heat distribution generated in the optical box, the optical box causes complicated thermal expansion and deformation due to the anisotropy of the glass filler contained in the optical box material. Changes. Then, the position of the light beam guided to the photosensitive drum changes, and color misregistration occurs when image formation is performed in this state.

  In order to cope with this problem, a technique for performing color misregistration correction is known. For example, a correction pattern for color misregistration correction is formed on the intermediate transfer belt at a predetermined timing, the color misregistration amount is calculated by reading the correction pattern with the color misregistration detection sensor, and the light beam writing timing is based on that. Corrects color misregistration by correcting. However, in this color misregistration correction, it is necessary to form a correction pattern for each appropriate time interval, the number of printed sheets, and the amount of temperature change, so that the downtime of the image forming apparatus occurs and productivity is reduced.

  In order to deal with this problem, a method has been proposed in which a large-scale color misregistration correction pattern and a small-scale color misregistration correction pattern are selectively used (Patent Document 1). In this method, if two or more hours have passed since the last print and a print job is input in a state where the difference between the fixing device temperature and the environmental temperature is 5 ° C. or more, large-scale color misregistration correction is performed before the start of image formation. In other cases, small-scale color misregistration correction is executed. Here, in large-scale color misregistration correction, color misregistration is corrected using a color misregistration correction pattern for all colors. In small-scale color misregistration correction, a detection pattern of only one color as a reference color is used, and the color misregistration amount of other colors is predicted from the correction value to correct the color misregistration.

JP 2012-42752 A

  According to the technique of Patent Document 1, the two types of color misregistration correction are selectively performed in terms of the required correction time of large scale and small scale, so that the downtime is always smaller than when large scale color misregistration correction is performed. Is reduced. However, both large-scale and small-scale color misregistration correction is performed before the start of image formation (printing). That is, in any color misregistration correction, a correction pattern is formed on the intermediate transfer belt before the start of image formation, and then the printing process is resumed. For this reason, if color misregistration correction is performed before image formation, downtime before printing always occurs and productivity is lowered.

  In addition, the lens and mirror attached to the optical scanning device are slightly different in holding state, and the position and angle change amount of the lens and mirror that change depending on the thermal expansion of the optical box are also different. The amount of change in position varies from individual to individual. Therefore, in the small-scale color misregistration correction, the color misregistration other than one reference color is corrected by prediction, so the accuracy of the correction is not necessarily high. Nevertheless, downtime occurs even with small-scale color misregistration correction with high correction accuracy. Therefore, if the color misregistration correction is performed until the downtime is generated, it is considered that there is room for improvement with respect to increasing the correction accuracy.

  SUMMARY An advantage of some aspects of the invention is that it provides an image forming apparatus capable of minimizing downtime.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a plurality of image forming units that form images of different colors, a transfer unit that transfers the images formed by the plurality of image forming units to a sheet, and a color shift detection. A detection image used for the detection is formed by the plurality of image forming means, an image carrier that conveys the detection image, a detection means that detects the detection image on the image carrier, and a temperature. Measuring means for measuring, and control means for controlling the color misregistration based on a detection result of the detecting means, wherein the control means detects a plurality of detection images for detecting the color misregistration in the first direction. A first process for forming the first pattern image by the plurality of image forming units, and detecting the first pattern image by the detecting unit; and a second direction orthogonal to the first direction and the first direction. color And a second process of forming a second pattern image having a plurality of detection images for detecting this by the plurality of image forming means and detecting the second pattern image by the detecting means. , the length of the region where the first pattern image in the conveyance direction of the image bearing member is formed, the transfer of a region where the second pattern image in the direction is formed rather shorter than the length, wherein, the job And the difference between the temperature measured by the measuring means and the reference temperature is a first temperature difference, the first processing is executed before image formation based on the job, and the control means If the difference between the temperature measured by the measuring means and the reference temperature is a second temperature difference larger than the first temperature difference, the second processing is performed before image formation based on the job. The control means executes an image based on the job if a job is input and the difference between the temperature measured by the measuring means and the reference temperature is a third temperature difference smaller than the first temperature difference. The image for detection is not formed before the formation .

  According to the present invention, downtime can be kept small.

1 is a schematic sectional view of an image forming apparatus. It is a perspective view of the board | substrate which has an electrical contact with which an image formation part and an image formation part are provided. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a system configuration of an image forming apparatus. It is a schematic diagram (a figure (a), (c)) showing composition of a color shift detection sensor, and a figure (a figure (b), (d)) showing a sensor output waveform. It is a figure which shows the example of the color shift correction pattern for subscanning directions. It is a figure which shows the example of the color shift correction pattern for main scanning directions. It is a figure which shows the short pattern arrangement | sequence employ | adopted by 1st color misregistration adjustment. It is a figure which shows the long pattern arrangement | sequence employ | adopted by 2nd color misregistration adjustment. It is the figure which summarized the item of color misregistration adjustment according to kind. 5 is a flowchart of color misregistration adjustment control processing.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of an image forming apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  The image forming apparatus 100 is an electrophotographic image forming apparatus, and includes four image forming units 101 (101Y, 101M, 101C, and 101Bk) that form toner images of yellow, magenta, cyan, and black colors. . Since the constituent elements of each image forming unit 101 are common, hereinafter, the same reference numerals are used when not distinguishing the respective constituent elements for each image forming part, and Y, M, C, and Bk are appended after the reference numerals when distinguishing. .

  The image forming unit 101 (Y, M, C, Bk) includes a photosensitive drum 102 (102Y, 102M, 102C, 102Bk), respectively. These photosensitive drums 102 (Y, M, C, Bk) are arranged at different positions in the horizontal direction. Each image forming unit 101 includes a charging device 103 (103Y, 103M, 103C, 103Bk) that charges the photosensitive drum 102, and a developing device 104 (104Y, 104M, 104) that develops the electrostatic latent image on the photosensitive drum 102 with toner. 104C, 104Bk). Further, each image forming unit 101 includes a cleaning device 111 (111Y, 111M, 111C, 111Bk) that removes residual toner on the photosensitive drum 102 from the photosensitive drum 102.

  The image forming apparatus 100 includes a transfer roller 105 (105Y, 105M, 105C, 105Bk), an intermediate transfer belt 106 (intermediate transfer member), a cleaning device 112, a paper discharge unit 110, a transfer roller 107, and a fixing device 108. Yes. The image forming apparatus 100 further includes a storage unit 109 for storing recording paper and an optical scanning device 200, and the optical scanning device 200 is disposed between the image forming unit 101 and the storage unit 109 in the vertical direction. Yes.

  Next, the image forming process will be described. The optical scanning device 200 includes a light beam (laser light) L (LY, LM, L) that exposes the photosensitive drum 102 (Y, M, C, Bk) charged by the charging device 103 (Y, M, C, Bk). LC, LBk). By exposure with the light beam L, an electrostatic latent image is formed on the photosensitive drum 102.

  The developing device 104 (Y, M, C, Bk) develops the electrostatic latent image formed on the photosensitive drum 102 (Y, M, C, Bk) with yellow, magenta, cyan, and black toner, respectively.

  The toner image formed on the photosensitive drum 102 (Y, M, C, Bk) is transferred to the intermediate transfer belt 106 by the transfer roller 105 at the transfer portions Ty, Tm, Tc, TBk. Each cleaning device 111 is not transferred to the intermediate transfer belt 106 between the transfer portions Ty, Tm, Tc, TBk in the rotation direction of each photosensitive drum 102 and the charging portion of each charging device 103, and is transferred onto the photosensitive drum 102. Collect the remaining toner.

  The image forming unit 101 sequentially superimposes and transfers toner images corresponding to the respective color components onto the intermediate transfer belt 106, thereby forming a full-color toner image on the intermediate transfer belt 106.

  As the toner image transferred onto the intermediate transfer belt 106 rotates in the arrow direction (rotation in the counterclockwise direction in FIG. 1), the intermediate transfer belt 106 and the transfer roller 107 correspond to each other. It is conveyed to the next transfer portion Ts. At this time, the recording paper in the storage unit 109 is fed one by one by the paper feed roller 120 and conveyed to the secondary transfer unit Ts by the conveyance roller 121. The recording paper transported by the paper feed roller 120 is supplied to the secondary transfer portion Ts so that the paper position and feed timing are adjusted by the transport roller 121 and come into contact with the toner image on the intermediate transfer belt 106. Accordingly, the paper feed roller 120 and the transport roller 121 perform a function of transporting the recording paper from the storage unit 109 toward the paper discharge unit 110. A path through which the recording paper is conveyed from the storage unit 109 to the paper discharge unit 110 is a conveyance path.

  When the toner image transferred to the intermediate transfer belt 106 and the recording paper sent out from the conveying roller 121 enter the secondary transfer portion Ts, a transfer voltage is applied to the transfer roller 107, and the toner on the intermediate transfer belt 106 is transferred. The image is transferred to the recording paper. The recording paper on which the toner image is transferred in the secondary transfer portion Ts is conveyed to the fixing device 108. The fixing device 108 fixes the toner image on the recording paper by heating while conveying the recording paper. Thereafter, the recording paper on which the toner image is fixed is discharged to the paper discharge unit 110. The optical scanning device 200, the image forming unit 101, the intermediate transfer belt 106, the transfer roller 107, and the fixing device 108 function in cooperation to form an image.

  The image forming apparatus 100 includes a cleaning device 112 between the secondary transfer portion Ts and the transfer portion Ty with respect to the rotation direction of the intermediate transfer belt 106. The cleaning device 112 includes a blade that comes into contact with the intermediate transfer belt 106, and scrapes residual toner on the intermediate transfer belt 106 with the blade, thereby removing toner remaining on the intermediate transfer belt 106 without being transferred onto the recording paper. to clean up.

  The image forming apparatus 100 has a function of color misregistration correction (also referred to as “color misregistration adjustment”) that corrects color misregistration between a plurality of images having different colors. For this reason, a color misregistration detection sensor is provided near the intermediate transfer belt 106. 400. Although details will be described later, a color misregistration correction pattern (hereinafter also abbreviated as “correction pattern”) of yellow, magenta, cyan, and black for color misregistration correction is formed on the intermediate transfer belt 106. . The color misregistration detection sensor 400 detects a correction pattern for each color. The correction pattern is a toner mark composed of a toner image of each color.

  The color misregistration detection sensor 400 can detect correction patterns for all four colors and is arranged at a position where the pattern shape is not destroyed by the roller pressure of the transfer roller 107 of the secondary transfer portion Ts. In other words, the color misregistration detection sensor 400 is disposed between the transfer portion TBk and the secondary transfer portion Ts in the toner image transport direction which is also the moving direction of the intermediate transfer belt 106.

  FIGS. 2A and 2B are perspective views of an image forming unit 101Bk and a substrate having electrical contacts included in the image forming unit 101Bk, respectively.

  The image forming unit 101Bk includes a temperature sensor 130. In order to apply a voltage to the charging device 103 described above, the image forming unit 101Bk includes an electrical contact 131 for energization. In FIG. 2B, the back side of the substrate 132 having the electrical contacts 131 is shown. A temperature sensor 130 is disposed on a part of the substrate 132. The temperature sensor 130 serves as a measurement unit that measures the temperature in the image forming apparatus 100. However, the configuration is not limited as long as the temperature in the apparatus can be measured and detected. The temperature sensor 130 may be provided in the image forming unit 101 other than the image forming unit 101Bk. The temperature sensor 130 may be disposed in the vicinity of the photosensitive drum 102, or may be disposed in the vicinity of the optical scanning device 200, the fixing device 108, or any one of these.

  FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a system configuration of the image forming apparatus 100. A ROM 602, a RAM 603, a storage unit 604, and interfaces 605 and 606 are connected to the CPU 601 for arithmetic processing.

  The interface 605 sends a signal input from the color misregistration detection sensor 400 or the temperature sensor 130 to the CPU 601. The interface 606 sends a control signal from the CPU 601 to various places. The ROM 602 stores fixed parameters used by the CPU 601 and the like. The RAM 603 is used as a temporary storage during execution of a program by the CPU 601. The storage unit 604 is configured by a non-volatile memory, a disk, or the like, and stores programs executed by the CPU 601, parameters, and the like.

  In the present embodiment, there are at least two types of “color misregistration adjustment”: first color misregistration adjustment and second color misregistration adjustment. Under the control of the CPU 601, one of the two types of color misregistration adjustment is alternatively selected and executed. In the first color misregistration adjustment, a short pattern is used as a correction pattern (described later in FIG. 7). In the second color misregistration adjustment, a long pattern is used as a correction pattern (described later in FIG. 8).

  In the RAM 603, areas 607 to 612 for storing the following data are secured. A region 607 stores a color misregistration adjustment flag indicating a determination result of timing for performing color misregistration, which is determined based on the amount of change in the apparatus temperature since the previous color misregistration adjustment. In a region 608, a long / short flag indicating a result of determining which of the first and second color misregistration adjustment is to be performed is stored. In a region 609, a color misregistration correction pattern used at the time of color misregistration adjustment determined by the long / short flag is stored.

  The area 610 stores pattern reading data obtained by reading the formed correction pattern with the color misregistration detection sensor 400. The area 611 stores relative color misregistration amount data of magenta, cyan, and black with reference to yellow, which is detected from the pattern reading data. The area 612 stores color misregistration adjustment data in the main scanning direction and the sub scanning direction calculated from the detected color misregistration amount data.

  Here, the main scanning direction and the sub-scanning direction are defined. As for the surface of the photosensitive drum 102, the direction parallel to the axis of the rotation axis is the main scanning direction, and the circumferential direction is the sub-scanning direction. For the intermediate transfer belt 106, for convenience, the belt width direction parallel to the axis of the photosensitive drum 102 is referred to as a main scanning direction, and the moving direction of the intermediate transfer belt 106 orthogonal to the main scanning direction is referred to as a sub-scanning direction.

  The storage unit 604 has areas 621 to 625 for storing the following data. The area 621 holds image data formed by the image forming apparatus 100. The area 622 stores long pattern pattern data used in the second color misregistration adjustment. The area 623 stores short pattern pattern data used in the first color misregistration adjustment.

  An area 624 stores color misregistration adjustment conditions such as temperature differences T0, T1, and T2 as threshold values serving as determination criteria for the color misregistration adjustment flag (area 607) and the long / short flag (area 608). In the area 625, the temperature in the apparatus measured by the temperature sensor 130 at the time of the most recent color misregistration correction is stored as the previous temperature Tz.

  The procedure of color misregistration adjustment in the present embodiment is basically the same as that of the conventional color misregistration correction technique. A color misregistration correction pattern for each color is formed on the intermediate transfer belt 106, and the color misregistration correction pattern for each color is converted into a color. Reading is performed by the deviation detection sensor 400. Then, the color misregistration amount calculated from the reading result is used as a correction value, and feedback is performed by correcting the writing timing of the light beam in the subsequent image formation. However, in the present embodiment, unlike the prior art, whether color misregistration adjustment is possible, the type of color misregistration adjustment to be employed, and the implementation timing thereof are determined according to the current temperature inside the apparatus.

  Next, the configuration of the color misregistration detection sensor 400 will be described with reference to FIG. 4A and 4C are schematic diagrams showing the configuration of the color misregistration detection sensor 400. FIG. 4B and 4D are diagrams showing output waveforms of the color misregistration detection sensor 400 when there is no color misregistration correction pattern on the intermediate transfer belt 106 and when there is any.

  As shown in FIG. 4A, the color misregistration detection sensor 400 includes a light emitting element 402 and a light receiving element 403 in a sensor housing 401. The light emitting element 402 is composed of, for example, an LED, and the light receiving element 403 is composed of, for example, a phototransistor. An optical path is set in the sensor housing 401 so that light is incident on the surface of the intermediate transfer belt 106. The light receiving element 403 is disposed at a position where light emitted from the light emitting element 402 and reflected by the intermediate transfer belt 106 can be received, and converts the intensity of the received light into an electrical signal. The light receiving element 403 is arranged so that light emitted from the light emitting element 402 is incident on the light receiving element 403 by specular reflection, and more light can be taken into the light receiving element 403 than the irregularly reflected light.

  In the output waveforms of the color misregistration detection sensor 400 shown in FIGS. 4B and 4D, the horizontal axis represents time, and the vertical axis represents the output converted into an electrical signal by the light receiving element 403, and the detected light The strength of is shown.

  When there is no color misregistration correction pattern on the intermediate transfer belt 106 (FIG. 4B), the output value is detected from the reflected light from the intermediate transfer belt 106 and shows a certain value. On the other hand, when there is a color misregistration correction pattern on the intermediate transfer belt 106 (FIG. 4D), the output waveform changes when the correction pattern passes through the light irradiation position.

  When the correction pattern passes through the light irradiation position, the reflectance on the intermediate transfer belt 106 decreases, so the output waveform decreases. The time when the output waveform is lowered is the time when the correction pattern passes. Therefore, it is possible to detect the center-of-gravity position 404, which is the center of the correction pattern in the conveyance direction, from the passage time and the driving speed of the intermediate transfer belt 106.

  Next, the color misregistration correction pattern will be described with reference to FIGS. Since color misregistration can occur both in the main scanning direction and in the sub-scanning direction, a color misregistration correction pattern for correcting each is required. A color misregistration correction pattern 501 is employed for correcting color misregistration in the sub-scanning direction (FIG. 5). Color misregistration correction patterns 521 and 522 are employed for correcting color misregistration in the main scanning direction (FIG. 6). In the present embodiment, yellow positioned most upstream is used as a reference color, and the relative color misregistration amounts of magenta, cyan, and black with respect to yellow are calculated, but the reference color needs to be limited to yellow. Absent.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of the color misregistration correction pattern 501 for the sub-scanning direction. As the correction pattern 501, correction patterns 501Y, 501M, 501C, and 501Bk for yellow, magenta, cyan, and black are formed on the intermediate transfer belt 106 by the above-described image forming function. Each of the correction patterns 501 is a linear pattern parallel to the main scanning direction. On the intermediate transfer belt 106, the correction patterns 501M, 501C, and 501Bk are spaced apart from the correction pattern 501Y that is the reference color in the sub-scanning direction. It is formed apart. A set (four in total) of correction patterns 501 for each color is set as one set of color misregistration correction patterns for the sub-scanning direction.

  The barycentric positions in the sub-scanning direction of the correction patterns 501 for the respective colors read by the color misregistration detection sensor 400 are set as barycentric positions YR1, MR1, CR1, and KR1, respectively. The reading position in the main scanning direction by the color misregistration detection sensor 400 is indicated by a dotted line in the figure.

The calculation of the color misregistration amount will be described using a magenta correction pattern 501M as a representative. When the exposure position in the sub-scanning direction changes due to thermal expansion or the like of the optical scanning device 200, the correction pattern 501M is not formed at the original center-of-gravity position MR1, but is corrected to a center-of-gravity position MR1 ′ that is shifted from there in the sub-scanning direction. 501M ′ is formed. The color misregistration amount Za in the sub-scanning direction of the magenta correction pattern 501M with respect to the yellow correction pattern 501Y is obtained by Expression 1.
[Equation 1]
Za = (MR1′−YR1) − (MR1−YR1) = MR1′−MR1
The color misregistration amount Za is stored in the area 611 (FIG. 3) of the RAM 603. The CPU 601 calculates color misregistration adjustment data as a correction value from the color misregistration amount Za and stores it in the area 612. The CPU 601 feeds back the color misregistration adjustment data to the image formation data, and corrects the color misregistration in the sub-scanning direction by correcting the image writing timing of the optical scanning device 200.

  Similarly, the center of gravity of the cyan and black correction patterns with respect to the yellow correction pattern 501Y is detected, and color misregistration correction in the sub-scanning direction of each color can be performed through calculation of the color misregistration amount and color misregistration adjustment data.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of the color misregistration correction patterns 521 and 522 for the main scanning direction. As the correction pattern 521, the correction patterns 521Y, 521M, 521C, and 521Bk for yellow, magenta, cyan, and black are formed on the intermediate transfer belt 106 by the above-described image forming function. Further, as the correction pattern 522, correction patterns 522Y, 522M, 522C, and 522Bk for yellow, magenta, cyan, and black are formed on the intermediate transfer belt 106 by the above-described image forming function.

  The correction patterns 521 and 522 are both linear patterns inclined obliquely with respect to the main scanning direction, but the inclination directions are different from each other. The correction pattern 521 is formed so as to form an angle of + θ with respect to the main scanning direction. The correction pattern 522 is formed so as to form an angle of −θ with respect to the main scanning direction. On the intermediate transfer belt 106, the correction patterns 521M, 521C, and 521Bk are formed at a predetermined interval in the sub-scanning direction from the correction pattern 521Y that is the reference color. On the intermediate transfer belt 106, the correction patterns 522M, 522C, and 522Bk are formed at a predetermined interval in the sub-scanning direction from the correction pattern 522Y that is the reference color.

  The color misregistration correction pattern for the main scanning direction is one set of a total of eight correction patterns of these two colors. The gravity center positions in the sub-scanning direction of the correction patterns 521 and 522 of the respective colors read by the color misregistration detection sensor 400 are defined as gravity center positions YR3, MR3, CR3, KR3, and gravity center positions YR4, MR4, CR4, KR4, respectively. The color shift in the main scanning direction is also calculated from the barycentric position in the sub scanning direction. The reading position in the main scanning direction by the color misregistration detection sensor 400 is indicated by a dotted line in the figure.

  The calculation of the color misregistration amount will be described using the magenta correction patterns 521M and 522M as a representative. When the exposure position in the main scanning direction changes due to thermal expansion of the optical scanning device 200, the correction patterns 521M and 522M are not formed at the original gravity center positions MR3 and MR4. Then, correction patterns 521M 'and 522M' are formed at centroid positions MR3 'and MR4' that are shifted from the original position in the main scanning direction.

Since the correction pattern 521M ′ and the correction pattern 522M ′ are transferred from the same photosensitive drum 102M, the formation positions in the main scanning direction coincide with each other. Therefore, from this geometrical relationship, the color misregistration amount Za2 in the sub-scanning direction of the magenta correction patterns 521M ′ and 522M ′ with respect to the yellow correction patterns 521Y and 522Y is obtained by Expression 2.
[Equation 2]
Za2 = {(MR3′−YR3) − (MR4′−YR4)} / 2
Then, by converting this in the main scanning direction using the inclination angle θ of the correction pattern, the color misregistration amount Zb in the main scanning direction of the correction patterns 521M ′ and 522M ′ with respect to the correction patterns 521Y and 522Y is obtained by Equation 3. It is done.
[Equation 3]
Zb = {(MR3′−YR3) − (MR4′−YR4)} / 2 tan θ
The color misregistration amount Zb is stored in the area 611 (FIG. 3) of the RAM 603. The CPU 601 calculates color misregistration adjustment data as a correction value from the color misregistration amount Zb and stores it in the area 612. The CPU 601 feeds back the color misregistration adjustment data to the image formation data, and corrects the color misregistration in the main scanning direction by correcting the image writing timing of the optical scanning device 200.

  Similarly, the center of gravity position of the cyan and black correction patterns with respect to the yellow correction patterns 521Y and 522Y is detected, and color misregistration correction in the main scanning direction of each color can be performed through calculation of the color misregistration amount and color misregistration adjustment data. .

  Next, examples of correction pattern formation modes in color misregistration adjustment will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a short pattern arrangement employed in the first color misregistration adjustment. In this short pattern arrangement, three sets of four color misregistration correction patterns 501 for the sub-scanning direction are formed at both ends in the main scanning direction on the intermediate transfer belt 106, respectively. From the first set to the third set, each set is continuously arranged in the sub-scanning direction. The CPU 601 uses a total of six sets of correction patterns 501 and averages the color misregistration amount Za calculated from each set.

  Accordingly, it is possible to cancel the detection variation of the color misregistration detection sensor 400, the color misregistration component due to the driving cycle of the photosensitive drum 102, the intermediate transfer belt 106, and the like. The number of sets of correction patterns 501 is 3 as an amount that can cancel these variations. By disposing correction patterns on both ends of the intermediate transfer belt 106 in the main scanning direction and detecting each, it is possible to correct not only a partial area but also an in-plane color shift of the image.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a long pattern arrangement employed in the second color misregistration adjustment. In this long pattern arrangement, first, six sets of four color misregistration correction patterns 501 for the sub-scanning direction are formed on each end of the intermediate transfer belt 106 in the main scanning direction. From the first set to the sixth set, each set is continuously arranged in the sub-scanning direction. In addition, two sets of four color misregistration correction patterns 521 and 522 (a total of eight) for correcting color misregistration in the main scanning direction are formed on both ends of the intermediate transfer belt 106 in the main scanning direction. Is done. The first set and the second set are continuously arranged in the sub-scanning direction.

  The number of sets of correction patterns 501 is greater in the long pattern array (12 sets in total) than in the short pattern array (6 sets in total). As a result, the number of times of averaging the color misregistration amount Za is increased, thereby improving the accuracy of correcting the color misregistration in the sub-scanning direction. Further, in the second color misregistration adjustment, color misregistration correction in the main scanning direction can be performed together by using a set of correction patterns 521 and 522 that are not in the short pattern arrangement.

  It should be noted that the number of sets of correction patterns 501 only needs to be longer in the long pattern arrangement than in the short pattern arrangement, and the number of sets is not limited to the example. Further, in the long pattern arrangement, the number of correction patterns 521 and 522 may be one or more, and the number is not limited to the example.

  FIG. 9 is a table summarizing the specifications of color misregistration adjustment by type.

  In the first color misalignment adjustment using the short pattern, only color misregistration correction in the sub-scanning direction can be performed, but in the second color misregistration adjustment using the long pattern, bi-directional color misregistration correction in the main scanning and sub scanning can be performed.

  In the first color misregistration adjustment using the short pattern, the number of sets of correction patterns 501 arranged in the sub-scanning direction is three. A set of correction patterns 521 and 522 is not used. Therefore, the time required for the optical scanning device 200 to scan the photosensitive drum 102 for exposure, form a correction pattern on the intermediate transfer belt 106, and read the correction pattern by the color misregistration detection sensor 400 is 5 seconds.

  On the other hand, in the second color misregistration adjustment using the long pattern, the number of sets of correction patterns 501 arranged in the sub-scanning direction is six. The number of sets of correction patterns 521 and 522 arranged in the sub-scanning direction is two. Since the number of sets arranged in the sub-scanning direction is large, the time required for the adjustment is longer than the first color misregistration adjustment and is 8 seconds.

  As described above, the time required for color misregistration correction is suitable for suppressing a decrease in productivity because the first color misregistration adjustment is shorter than the second color misregistration adjustment. On the other hand, although the second color misregistration adjustment takes an adjustment time, it is suitable for giving priority to correcting the color misregistration in both the main scanning and the sub scanning and increasing the correction accuracy.

  Next, when image formation is performed, control regarding whether or not to perform color misregistration adjustment and the execution timing thereof (color misregistration adjustment control) will be described.

  FIG. 10 is a flowchart of color misregistration adjustment control processing executed by the CPU 601. In this process, the temperature difference T0, the temperature difference T1, and the temperature difference T2 are used as determination thresholds. The temperature differences T0, T1, and T2 are set to 2 ° C, 3 ° C, and 4 ° C, respectively, as an example. However, the magnitude relationship may be T0 <T1 <T2, and is not limited to the exemplified values.

  First, when a print signal is received while the image forming apparatus 100 is turned on (step S101), the CPU 601 advances the process to step S102. In step S102, the CPU 601 reads the previous temperature Tz stored in the area 625 as the internal temperature measured by the temperature sensor 130 in the previous color misregistration adjustment. At the same time, the present temperature, which is the internal temperature measured by the temperature sensor 130 at the current time, is compared with the previous temperature Tz. Here, it does not matter whether the previous color misregistration adjustment was the first color misregistration adjustment or the second color misregistration adjustment. The CPU 601 calculates the difference between the previous temperature Tz and the current temperature as the temperature change amount ΔT.

  Next, in step S103, the CPU 601 determines whether ΔT ≦ T0 (2 ° C.) is satisfied. If ΔT ≦ T0 is satisfied as a result of the determination, it is not necessary to perform color misregistration adjustment, so image formation processing (print processing) is executed in accordance with the received print signal (step S108). The process of FIG. 10 is terminated.

  On the other hand, if ΔT ≦ T0 is not satisfied in step S103, the CPU 601 advances the process to step S104. In the case of passing through step S104, color misregistration correction (color misregistration adjustment) is executed (correction means). In step S104, the CPU 601 determines whether T0 <ΔT ≦ T1 (3 ° C.) is satisfied. Based on the determination result, a color misregistration adjustment flag (FIG. 3) stored in the area 607 is set.

  As a result of the determination, if T0 <ΔT ≦ T1 is established, it is determined that color misregistration adjustment is necessary but is not essential in the previous stage of image formation performed this time. Therefore, the CPU 601 performs color misregistration adjustment by the second color misregistration adjustment after performing the image forming process in step S108 (step S109). In this case, the color misregistration adjustment is performed at a timing after image formation, and no downtime occurs before image formation. Therefore, the second color misregistration adjustment using a long pattern with high correction accuracy is employed. Thereafter, the CPU 601 ends the process of FIG.

  On the other hand, if T0 <ΔT ≦ T1 is not satisfied as a result of the determination in step S104, the CPU 601 determines whether T1 <ΔT ≦ T2 (4 ° C.) is satisfied (step S105). The long / short flag (FIG. 3) stored in the area 608 is set according to the determination result of step S105.

  If T1 <ΔT ≦ T2 is satisfied as a result of the determination, the CPU 601 executes color misregistration adjustment by the first color misregistration adjustment before the print processing (step S106). On the other hand, if T1 <ΔT ≦ T2 is not satisfied, T2 <ΔT, and therefore color misregistration adjustment by the second color misregistration adjustment is executed before the printing process (step S107). The reason for using different types of color misregistration adjustment in this way is that the importance of color misregistration correction increases as the temperature change amount ΔT increases.

  After the process of step S106 or step S107, the CPU 601 executes the image formation process in step S108 and ends the process of FIG.

  According to the processing of FIG. 10, in the image formation, the temperature difference T0 serves as a determination threshold value for determining whether or not to perform color misregistration correction itself. The temperature difference T1 is a determination threshold value for determining whether the color misregistration correction is performed at a timing before image formation or at a timing after image formation. The temperature difference T2 is a threshold value for determining whether the type of color misregistration correction to be executed before image formation is the first or second color misregistration adjustment, that is, the mode of color misregistration correction. Become.

  Accordingly, when the change in the temperature in the apparatus since the previous color misregistration adjustment is relatively small at the time of printing (ΔT ≦ T1 (3 ° C.)), even if the color misregistration adjustment is entered, it will be entered after printing. There is no downtime. Therefore, it is convenient for a user who prints relatively frequently.

  On the other hand, when the temperature change amount ΔT is relatively large (T1 (3 ° C.) <ΔT), the amount of color misregistration also increases, so it is necessary to perform color misregistration adjustment before printing. However, in the present embodiment, the first color misregistration adjustment using a short pattern with a short adjustment time is employed within a change range of ΔT ≦ T2 (4 ° C.), so that the downtime before image formation is reduced. Can be suppressed.

  When the temperature change amount ΔT is further increased (T2 (4 ° C.) <ΔT), the color misregistration amount is further increased. Therefore, the second color misregistration adjustment using the long pattern prioritizing the color misregistration correction is performed before printing. Become. However, since it is unlikely that a temperature change exceeding 4 ° C. will occur in an actual use environment, the frequency of satisfying this condition is low, and a large downtime due to the second color misregistration adjustment actually occurs before printing. The frequency is considered to be low.

  In this way, by determining the type of color misregistration adjustment and the execution timing thereof according to the temperature change amount ΔT correlated with the color misregistration change amount, the downtime before printing due to the color misregistration adjustment is reduced, and the image is adjusted. The productivity of the forming apparatus 100 can be improved.

  According to the present embodiment, when color misregistration correction is performed when image formation is performed, image formation is performed according to a comparison result (temperature change amount ΔT) of the temperature in the apparatus between the previous color misregistration correction and the current time. Color misregistration correction is executed at any timing before or after performing the above. As a result, the downtime can be reduced by performing color misregistration correction before image formation only when necessary. Even when color misregistration correction is performed before image formation, the frequency of occurrence of large downtime can be kept low by changing the mode of color misregistration correction before image formation in accordance with the temperature change amount ΔT. .

  In the present embodiment, aspects such as the number of correction pattern sets in the first and second color misregistration adjustments are not limited to those illustrated. In order to reduce the downtime, the first color misregistration adjustment needs to be shorter than the second color misregistration adjustment. In order to optimize the correction accuracy, the second color misregistration adjustment only needs to have a higher correction accuracy than the first color misregistration adjustment. The required time and correction accuracy can be adjusted by the number of pattern sets, the pattern width, the interval between patterns, and the like, and various modifications can be adopted.

  In the process of FIG. 10, when T1 <ΔT, the temperature change amount ΔT and the temperature difference T2 are compared to two options. However, if there are three or more types of color misregistration adjustment and the threshold temperature is increased and T1 <ΔT, three or more options may be provided.

  In step S109, the second color misregistration adjustment is executed, which is the same as that executed in step S107. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the third color misregistration adjustment using the third correction pattern, which is different from that in step S107, may be adopted in step S109. In that case, the third color misregistration adjustment requires a longer time than the first color misregistration adjustment, and the correction accuracy is set higher than that of the first color misregistration adjustment.

  Although not shown, the third correction pattern may be obtained by, for example, increasing or decreasing several sets of correction patterns 501 from the long pattern array illustrated in FIG. Alternatively, the set of correction patterns 521 and 522 may be reduced by one set or increased by several sets. It is good also as what reflected both these changes. In the comparison between the second color misregistration adjustment and the third color misregistration adjustment, any of the required time may be long, and any of them may have high correction accuracy.

  Although the present invention has been described in detail based on preferred embodiments thereof, the present invention is not limited to these specific embodiments, and various forms within the scope of the present invention are also included in the present invention. included.

102 Photosensitive drum 106 Intermediate transfer belt 130 Temperature sensor 601 CPU
604 Storage unit Tz Previous temperature ΔT Temperature change amount

Claims (14)

A plurality of image forming means for forming images of different colors;
Transfer means for transferring the image formed by the plurality of image forming means to a sheet;
An image carrier for forming a detection image used for detecting color misregistration formed by the plurality of image forming units and conveying the detection image;
Detection means for detecting the detection image on the image carrier;
A measuring means for measuring the temperature;
Control means for controlling the color shift based on a detection result of the detection means,
The control means includes
A first process of forming a first pattern image having a plurality of detection images for detecting a color misregistration in a first direction by the plurality of image forming means, and detecting the first pattern image by the detecting means;
A second pattern image having a plurality of detection images for detecting color misregistration in the first direction and a second direction orthogonal to the first direction is formed by the plurality of image forming means, and the detection means A second process for detecting a second pattern image;
Is possible and
The length of the region where the first pattern image in the conveying direction is formed in the image bearing member, rather short than a length of a region where the second pattern image in the conveyance direction is formed,
The control unit executes the first process before image formation based on the job if a job is input and the difference between the temperature measured by the measurement unit and the reference temperature is a first temperature difference.
If the difference between the temperature measured by the measurement unit and the reference temperature is a second temperature difference that is larger than the first temperature difference, the control unit is configured to form a job before image formation based on the job. Performing the second process;
If the difference between the temperature measured by the measuring unit and the reference temperature is a third temperature difference smaller than the first temperature difference, the control unit is configured to form an image based on the job before image formation. An image forming apparatus, wherein the image for detection is not formed. The first pattern image is composed of a plurality of first detection images in a line shape whose longitudinal direction is perpendicular to the transport direction,
The second pattern image includes a plurality of line-like second detection images whose longitudinal direction is orthogonal to the transport direction, and third detection images whose longitudinal direction is different from the transport direction and the orthogonal direction. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the image forming apparatus is configured. The first pattern image is composed of a plurality of first detection images in a line shape whose longitudinal direction is perpendicular to the transport direction,
The second pattern image includes a plurality of line-like second detection images whose longitudinal direction is orthogonal to the transport direction, and third detection images whose longitudinal direction is different from the transport direction and the orthogonal direction. Configured,
The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the number of the first detection images is smaller than the number of the second detection images. The control unit controls the color shift based on the detection result of the first pattern image, thereby correcting the relative position in the first direction of images of different colors formed by the plurality of image forming units. And
The control unit controls the color misregistration based on the detection result of the second pattern image, whereby relative colors in the first direction and the second direction of images of different colors formed by the plurality of image forming units are controlled. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a correct position is corrected. The first temperature difference is greater than a first threshold and less than or equal to a second threshold;
The second temperature difference is greater than the second threshold;
The image forming apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the third temperature difference is equal to or smaller than a third threshold value that is smaller than the first threshold value.   The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the control unit updates the reference temperature to a temperature when the color misregistration is detected.   The plurality of image forming units include:
  A rotating photoreceptor,
  Charging means for charging the photoreceptor;
  Exposure means for scanning the charged photosensitive member with a laser beam to form an electrostatic latent image on the photosensitive member;
  Developing means for developing the electrostatic latent image,
  The first direction is a rotation direction of the photoconductor,
  The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the second direction is a direction parallel to an axis of a rotation axis of the photoconductor. A plurality of image forming means for forming images of different colors;
Transfer means for transferring the image formed by the plurality of image forming means to a sheet;
An image carrier for forming a detection image used for detecting color misregistration formed by the plurality of image forming units and conveying the detection image;
Detection means for detecting the detection image on the image carrier;
A measuring means for measuring the temperature;
Control means for controlling the color shift based on a detection result of the detection means,
The control means includes
A first process of forming a first pattern image having a plurality of detection images for detecting a color misregistration in a first direction by the plurality of image forming means, and detecting the first pattern image by the detecting means;
A second pattern image having a plurality of detection images for detecting color misregistration in the first direction and a second direction orthogonal to the first direction is formed by the plurality of image forming means, and the detection means A second process for detecting a second pattern image;
Is possible and
The length of the region where the first pattern image is formed in the transport direction of the image carrier is shorter than the length of the region where the second pattern image is formed in the transport direction,
The control unit executes the first process before image formation based on the job if a job is input and the difference between the temperature measured by the measurement unit and the reference temperature is a first temperature difference.
If the difference between the temperature measured by the measurement unit and the reference temperature is a second temperature difference that is larger than the first temperature difference, the control unit is configured to form a job before image formation based on the job. Performing the second process;
If the difference between the temperature measured by the measuring unit and the reference temperature is a fourth temperature difference that is smaller than the first temperature difference, the control unit is configured to perform the job after image formation based on the job. An image forming apparatus that executes a second process.   The first pattern image is composed of a plurality of first detection images in a line shape whose longitudinal direction is perpendicular to the transport direction,
  The second pattern image includes a plurality of line-like second detection images whose longitudinal direction is orthogonal to the transport direction, and third detection images whose longitudinal direction is different from the transport direction and the orthogonal direction. The image forming apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the image forming apparatus is configured.   The first pattern image is composed of a plurality of first detection images in a line shape whose longitudinal direction is perpendicular to the transport direction,
  The second pattern image includes a plurality of line-like second detection images whose longitudinal direction is orthogonal to the transport direction, and third detection images whose longitudinal direction is different from the transport direction and the orthogonal direction. Configured,
  The image forming apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the number of the first detection images is smaller than the number of the second detection images.   The control unit controls the color shift based on the detection result of the first pattern image, thereby correcting the relative position in the first direction of images of different colors formed by the plurality of image forming units. And
  The control unit controls the color misregistration based on the detection result of the second pattern image, whereby relative colors in the first direction and the second direction of images of different colors formed by the plurality of image forming units are controlled. The image forming apparatus according to claim 8, wherein a correct position is corrected.   The first temperature difference is greater than a first threshold and less than or equal to a second threshold;
  The second temperature difference is greater than the second threshold;
  The image forming apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the fourth temperature difference is larger than a third threshold smaller than the first threshold and equal to or smaller than the first threshold.   The image forming apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the control unit updates the reference temperature to a temperature when the color misregistration is detected.   The plurality of image forming units include:
  A rotating photoreceptor,
  Charging means for charging the photoreceptor;
  Exposure means for scanning the charged photosensitive member with a laser beam to form an electrostatic latent image on the photosensitive member;
  Developing means for developing the electrostatic latent image,
  The first direction is a rotation direction of the photoconductor,
  The image forming apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the second direction is a direction parallel to an axis of a rotation axis of the photoconductor.