JP6578959B2 - Vehicle coolant heating apparatus and vehicle coolant heating program - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a vehicle coolant heating apparatus and a vehicle coolant heating program that can be used as a heat source by heating a coolant circulating in an engine such as an engine.

  Patent Document 1 proposes an air conditioner in which a liquid is circulated in a refrigerant cycle having an evaporator and a condenser, and heat of the refrigerant is received or absorbed by the liquid by a heat exchanger. Specifically, in the summer, liquid is circulated between the evaporator and the air conditioning radiator, and between the condenser and the outer radiator, and in the winter, between the evaporator and the outer radiator, and the condenser. An air conditioner that circulates liquid between each of the air conditioner and the air conditioning radiator is disclosed.

JP-A-6-219150

  However, in Patent Document 1, in the winter, the refrigerant in the refrigerant cycle is heated by absorbing heat from the outside air by the outside radiator. However, frost is generated in the outside radiator due to the refrigerant temperature, the outside air temperature, etc., and the refrigerant cannot be heated sufficiently. There is room for improvement.

  The present invention has been made in consideration of the above facts, and an object thereof is to enable defrosting of an endothermic heat exchanger using heat of a coolant.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention described in claim 1 is directed to a heat exchanger for heat dissipation and at least one device to be heated included in a refrigerant cycle in which a refrigerant is compressed by a compressor and the compressed refrigerant is expanded. A coolant circuit for circulating the coolant in each; a heat exchanger for heat absorption in which the coolant circulates and directly or indirectly absorbs heat from the outside air to the refrigerant in the refrigerant cycle; and heating for heating the coolant The coolant circulation circuit for circulating the coolant to each of the equipment and the warm-up operation equipment that requires warm-up operation, and the coolant circuit and the heat-absorbing heat exchanger are either in a shut-off state or a communication state A switching unit that selectively switches to a state, and a control unit that controls each of the liquid circuit switching unit that selectively switches the coolant circuit and the coolant circulation circuit to either a shut-off state or a communication state ; Detect outside temperature It includes an outer air temperature detection unit, and the liquid temperature detection unit for detecting the temperature of coolant circulating through the heat absorbing heat exchanger, and a circulation unit for circulating a cooling fluid, the said control unit, the ambient temperature detection unit And determining whether or not the heat absorption heat exchanger needs to be defrosted based on the detection results of each of the liquid temperature detection units, and when the defrosting is necessary, the coolant circuit and the heat absorption heat exchanger are When the defrosting is not completed after controlling the switching unit and the circulation unit so that the coolant is circulated and the coolant is circulated, the coolant circuit and the coolant circulation circuit are in communication and the coolant The liquid circuit switching unit and the circulation unit are controlled so as to circulate .

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, in the coolant circuit, the heat dissipation heat exchanger included in the refrigerant cycle and the at least one device to be heated included in the refrigerant cycle that compresses the refrigerant by the compressor and expands the compressed refrigerant. Circulate the coolant through each. That is, the refrigerant cycle functions as a heat pump, and it is possible to heat the coolant with the heat generated in the refrigerant cycle and to heat the heated device with the heated coolant. As the apparatus to be heated, for example, a heater core can be applied, and heating can be performed by heat generated by the refrigerant cycle.

  In the heat absorption heat exchanger, the coolant is circulated, and heat is absorbed directly or indirectly from the outside air to the refrigerant of the refrigerant cycle.

  The control unit controls a switching unit that selectively switches the coolant circuit and the heat-absorbing heat exchanger between the shut-off state and the communication state. As a result, when frost is generated in the heat absorption heat exchanger, the switching circuit can switch the coolant circuit and the heat absorption heat exchanger to the communication state, and heat exchange for heat absorption using the heat of the coolant. It becomes possible to defrost the vessel.

Moreover, further comprising a coolant circulation circuit for circulating a cooling fluid to each of the heating devices and the warm-up operation required warm-up operation device for heating the cooling liquid, the control unit, the coolant circuit and the coolant circulation circuit further controls the liquid circuit switching unit for selectively switching to either of the state of the shut-off state and the communication state and. Thereby, even when the defrosting of the heat absorption heat exchanger is not completed with the heat of the cooling liquid in the cooling liquid circuit, the heat absorption heat exchanger can be defrosted using the heat of the cooling liquid in the cooling liquid circulation circuit. This enables efficient defrosting. In addition, if the defrosting cannot be completed with the heat of the coolant in the coolant circuit, the heat of the coolant in the coolant circuit can be used to remove the defrost using the heat of the coolant in the coolant circulation circuit. When the frost is completed, the heat of the coolant in the coolant circulation circuit is preserved, and the warm-up operation time of the warm-up operation device can be shortened. In addition, it is also possible to substitute a single device that has both the heating device and the warm-up operation device. In this case, to circulate the coolant in each device means to circulate the coolant to the device that has this combination. means.

Further, the outside air temperature detection unit for detecting an outside air temperature, and the liquid temperature detection unit for detecting the temperature of coolant circulating through the heat absorbing heat exchanger, further comprising a circulation portion for circulating a cooling fluid, the control unit The desorption necessity of the heat absorption heat exchanger is determined based on the detection results of the outside air temperature detection unit and the liquid temperature detection unit, and when defrosting is necessary, the cooling liquid circuit and the heat absorption heat exchanger When the defrosting is not completed after controlling the switching unit and the circulation unit so that the coolant circulates and the coolant is circulated, the coolant circuit and the coolant circulation circuit are in communication and the coolant circulates. controlling the liquid circuit switching unit and the circulation unit as. As a result, when the defrosting is not completed only by the heat of the coolant in the coolant circuit, the control unit controls the fluid circuit switching unit, so that the heat of the endotherm can be obtained using the heat of the coolant in the coolant circulation circuit. The exchanger can be defrosted. In addition, when the defrost cannot be completed with the heat of the coolant in the coolant circuit, the heat of the coolant in the coolant circuit is defrosted, so the heat of the coolant in the coolant circuit is preserved, The warm-up operation time of the warm-up operation equipment can be shortened.

In addition, as in the invention described in claim 2 , the liquid temperature detection unit detects the temperature of the cooling liquid at the outlet of the heat absorption heat exchanger, and the control unit determines the detection result of the outside air temperature detection unit in advance. Defrosting is required when the temperature is lower than the temperature and the frost formation amount of the heat exchanger for heat absorption calculated from the detection result of the outside air temperature detection unit and the detection result of the liquid temperature detection unit is larger than a predetermined value. You may judge.

Further, as in the third aspect of the invention, the liquid temperature detection unit includes a first liquid temperature detection unit that detects the temperature of the cooling liquid at the inlet of the endothermic heat exchanger, and an outlet of the endothermic heat exchanger. A second liquid temperature detection unit that detects the temperature of the cooling liquid, and the control unit determines a difference between a detection result of the first liquid temperature detection unit and a detection result of the second liquid temperature detection unit in advance. It may be determined that the defrosting is not completed when the detection result of the second liquid temperature detection unit is larger and smaller than a predetermined value.

Further, as in the invention described in claim 4 , when the ignition switch is turned off, the control unit may perform control by determining whether or not defrosting is necessary.

In addition, this invention is good also as a vehicle coolant heating program for functioning a computer as a control part as described in any one of Claims 1-4 like invention of Claim 5 .

  As described above, according to the present invention, there is an effect that it is possible to defrost the heat exchanger for heat absorption using the heat of the coolant.

It is a mimetic diagram showing a schematic structure of a cooling fluid heating device for vehicles concerning a 1st embodiment. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the control system of the coolant heating apparatus for vehicles which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the operation state at the time of the heat pump driving | operation of the coolant heating apparatus for vehicles which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the operation state at the time of the normal heating (when the heat of an engine becomes surplus) which stopped the heat pump of the vehicle coolant heating device which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the operation state at the time of the defrost driving | operation of the vehicle coolant heating device which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the flow of the process performed in the control part of the cooling fluid heating device for vehicles which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the coolant heating apparatus for vehicles which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the flow of the process performed in the control part of the cooling fluid heating device for vehicles which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the coolant heating apparatus for vehicles which concerns on 3rd Embodiment.

Hereinafter, an example of an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of the vehicle coolant heating apparatus according to the first embodiment.
The vehicle coolant heating apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment includes a plurality of hot water circuits for circulating coolant as coolant. Specifically, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, an example in which a first hot water circuit 12 as a coolant circulation circuit and a second hot water circuit 14 as a coolant circuit are provided will be described.

  The first hot water circuit 12 is a circulation path through which cooling water circulates through the engine 16 as a heating device and a warm-up operation device, and the cooling water is circulated by an engine water pump (W / P) 20 as a circulation unit. In the engine 16, cooling water circulates in the water jacket. Specifically, a first radiator 18 as a heat exchanger that dissipates heat of cooling water is connected to the first hot water circuit 12 via a thermostat 22, and the first radiator 18 is opened and closed according to opening and closing of the thermostat 22. Cooling water is circulated. That is, below a predetermined temperature at which the cooling water needs to be cooled, the thermostat 22 is closed, the cooling water is not circulated to the first radiator 18, and the cooling water flows through the bypass path BP. Cooling water circulates inside. When the temperature of the cooling water exceeds a predetermined temperature, the thermostat 22 is opened and the cooling water is circulated to the first radiator 18 to radiate heat. The engine water pump 20 of the first hot water circuit 12 may be a mechanical water pump that operates by driving the engine 16 or an electrically operated electric water pump. In the present embodiment, an example in which an electric water pump is applied will be described. The thermostat 22 may be an electric type or a mechanical type. The first hot water circuit 12 is provided with a water temperature sensor (not shown) that detects the temperature of the cooling water. The water temperature sensor is provided in, for example, an engine block, a circulation path connected to the engine block, a thermostat housing in which the thermostat 22 is accommodated.

  On the other hand, the 2nd warm water circuit 14 is a circulation way through which cooling water circulates various equipment carried in vehicles, and equipment which can exchange heat with cooling water is provided. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, an example in which three devices of a heat generating device 24, a device 26 as a heated device, and a water-cooled condenser 28 as a heat-dissipating heat exchanger are provided in the second hot water circuit 14. Indicates. As the heat generating device 24, for example, an exhaust heat recovery device, an EGR (Exhaust Gas Recirculation) cooler, a transmission (T / M), or a heater core for heating the vehicle interior as the device 26 can be applied as an example.

  The second hot water circuit 14 is connected to the first hot water circuit via a first electromagnetic valve 30 as a liquid circuit switching unit, and the first hot water circuit 12 and the second hot water circuit 14 are connected by the first electromagnetic valve 30. Can be selectively switched between the communication state and the shut-off state.

  The second hot water circuit 14 is also provided with a water pump (W / P) 32 as a circulation unit, and the cooling water in the second hot water circuit 14 is circulated by driving the water pump 32. . In particular, when the first hot water circuit 12 and the second hot water circuit 14 are shut off by the first electromagnetic valve 30, the water pump 32 circulates the cooling water in the second hot water circuit 14. When the first electromagnetic valve 30 is in a communicating state, the coolant pump can be circulated by the engine water pump 20, and therefore the water pump 32 may or may not be driven.

  The water-cooled condenser 28 is a heat exchanger included in a refrigerant cycle 40 which will be described later, and the cooling water can be heated by the water-cooled condenser 28.

  In addition, a second radiator 36 is connected to the second hot water circuit 14 via a four-way valve 34 as a switching unit, so that cooling water can be circulated to the second radiator 36. That is, the four-way valve 34 enables the second hot water circuit 14 and the second radiator 36 to be selectively switched between a communication state and a cutoff state.

  In addition, a water pump (W / P) 38 and a chiller 42 included in the refrigerant cycle 40 are provided in the circulation path to the second radiator 36, and even if the four-way valve 34 is closed, the second radiator 36 and It is possible to circulate the cooling water in the circulation path passing through the chiller 42. The second radiator 36 corresponds to a heating and endothermic exchanger depending on the switching position of the four-way valve 34, and the chiller 42 corresponds to an endothermic heat exchanger.

  The second radiator 36 or the circulation path of the second radiator 36 includes a first water temperature sensor 56 that detects the water temperature at the inlet of the second radiator 36 and a second water temperature sensor that detects the water temperature at the outlet of the second radiator 36. 58 is provided. The first water temperature sensor 56 and the second water temperature sensor 58 correspond to the liquid temperature detection unit, the first water temperature sensor 56 corresponds to the first liquid temperature detection unit, and the second water temperature sensor 58 corresponds to the second liquid temperature detection unit. Corresponding to

  The refrigerant cycle 40 includes a chiller 42, a compressor 44 as a compressor, a water-cooled condenser 28, a second electromagnetic valve 46, a first expansion valve 48, an evaporator 50, a third electromagnetic valve 52, and a second expansion valve 54, and includes a heat pump. It is possible to function as. In the present embodiment, the second electromagnetic valve 46 is closed and the third electromagnetic valve 52 is opened to function as a heat pump. That is, the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 44, condensed by the water-cooled condenser 28, and the refrigerant condensed by the second expansion valve 54 is expanded to circulate the refrigerant, so that the heat of the compressed refrigerant is radiated by the water-cooled condenser 28. The cooling water is heated. Moreover, the cooling water is cooled by causing the expanded refrigerant to absorb heat from the cooling water by the chiller 42.

  FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a control system of the vehicle coolant heating apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment.

  The vehicle coolant heating apparatus 10 according to this embodiment includes the above-described engine water pump (hereinafter referred to as ENG water pump) 20, water pumps 32 and 38, first electromagnetic valve 30, second electromagnetic valve 46, and third electromagnetic valve. 52 and a control unit 60 for controlling the four-way valve 34 and the like.

  The control unit 60 is configured by a microcomputer including, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a ROM (Read Only Memory), a RAM (Random Access Memory), and the like.

  The control unit 60 includes the first water temperature sensor 56, the second water temperature sensor 58, the outside air temperature sensor 62, the ENG water pump 20, the water pumps 32 and 38, the four-way valve actuator 64, the electromagnetic valve actuator 66, and A compressor 44 is connected. Although only one electromagnetic valve actuator 66 is shown in FIG. 2, it is assumed that each of the first electromagnetic valve 30, the second electromagnetic valve 46, and the third electromagnetic valve 52 is provided. .

  As described above, the first water temperature sensor 56 detects the water temperature at the inlet of the second radiator 36, the second water temperature sensor 58 detects the water temperature at the outlet of the second radiator 36, and the outside air temperature sensor 62 is outside. The temperature is detected and the detection result is output to the control unit 60. The outside air temperature sensor 62 corresponds to the outside air temperature detecting unit. In the present embodiment, an example in which the outside air temperature sensor 62 is directly connected to the control unit 60 is shown, but the outside air temperature detection result may be acquired via another device such as an air conditioner.

  As described above, the ENG water pump 20 is provided in the engine 16 and driven to circulate cooling water along the circulation path.

  The water pump 32 is driven to circulate the cooling water in the second hot water circuit 14, and the water pump 38 is driven to circulate the cooling water in the circulation path passing through the second radiator 36.

  The four-way valve actuator 64 is an actuator for driving the opening and closing of the four-way valve 34. By being driven, the communication state between the second hot water circuit 14 and the second radiator 36 and the cutoff state are established. Switching is performed.

  The solenoid valve actuator 66 is an actuator for driving the opening and closing of each of the first solenoid valve 30, the second solenoid valve 46, and the third solenoid valve 52, and the path of the path where each solenoid valve is provided. Switching between the communication state and the cutoff state is performed.

  When driven, the compressor 44 compresses and circulates the refrigerant in the refrigerant cycle 40 and allows the refrigerant cycle 40 to function as a heat pump.

  Subsequently, an operation example of the vehicle coolant heating apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment configured as described above will be described.

  First, a heat pump operation that causes the refrigerant cycle 40 to function as a heat pump will be described. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an operation state during the heat pump operation of the vehicle coolant heating apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment. In FIG. 3, the portion where the coolant circulates during heat pump operation is indicated by a thick line.

  The heat pump operation is performed, for example, during a warm-up operation, and as shown in FIG. 3, the first electromagnetic valve 30, the four-way valve 34, and the second electromagnetic valve 46 are closed, and the third electromagnetic valve 52 is turned on. Open.

  The refrigerant cycle 40 operates the compressor 44 so that the refrigerant absorbs heat from the cooling water by the chiller 42 and heats the cooling water by the water cooling condenser 28.

  On the cooling water side, the cooling water deprived of heat by the chiller 42 absorbs heat from the outside air by the second radiator 36, returns to the chiller 42 again, and is radiated from the cooling water to the refrigerant.

  In the second hot water circuit 14, the cooling water heated by the water-cooled condenser 28 is received by the heat generating device 24, heated by the device 26 via the water pump 32, and circulated to the water-cooled condenser 28 again.

  In the first hot water circuit 12, the cooling water circulates through the engine 16 and the bypass path BP. In the state of FIG. 3, the thermostat 22 is in a closed state, and the cooling water is not circulated through the first radiator 18.

  In the second radiator 36, since the cooling water absorbs heat from the outside air, the moisture contained in the outside air becomes frost, adheres to the surface of the second radiator 36, and the frost grows by continuous operation.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an operating state during normal heating (when the heat of the engine 16 becomes excessive) when the heat pump of the vehicle coolant heating apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment is stopped. In FIG. 4, the portion where the cooling water circulates during normal heating is indicated by a thick line.

  When the water temperature of the first hot water circuit 12 rises sufficiently and the heat of the engine 16 becomes excessive, as shown in FIG. 4, the first electromagnetic valve 30 is opened, and the first hot water circuit 12 and the second hot water The circuit 14 is brought into a communication state. The cooling water circulates through the engine 16, the heat generating device 24, and the device 26. At this time, the refrigerant cycle 40 stops and the water pump 38 that circulates the cooling water of the second radiator 36 also stops.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an operation state during the defrosting operation of the vehicle coolant heating apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment. In addition, in FIG. 5, the part which the cooling water circulates at the time of a defrost operation is shown with a thick line.

  In the present embodiment, when the ignition switch is turned off and it is determined that traveling has ended and defrosting is required, the first solenoid valve 30 is operated to disconnect the first hot water circuit 12 and the second hot water circuit 14. Put it in a state. Further, the four-way valve 34 is operated to bring the second hot water circuit 14 and the second radiator 36 into communication (first defrost mode). Then, at least one of the water pumps 32 and 38 is operated to circulate the cooling water of the second hot water circuit 14 to the second radiator 36. The temperature of the cooling water flowing through the second hot water circuit 14 is set to about 60 ° C., and the second radiator 36 is defrosted using the sensible heat. That is, in the present embodiment, the second radiator 36 using the heat of the cooling water is provided by providing the four-way valve 34 and allowing the second hot water circuit 14 and the second radiator 36 to communicate with each other in the first defrosting mode. It is possible to defrost. In the present embodiment, the completion of defrosting is determined based on the detection results of the first water temperature sensor 56 and the second water temperature sensor 58.

  In the present embodiment, when the temperature of the cooling water circulating through the second hot water circuit 14 is, for example, 0 ° C. or lower, further defrosting is not possible, and defrosting is not completed, The electromagnetic valve 30 is opened, the first hot water circuit 12 and the second hot water circuit 14 are brought into communication, and defrosting is performed using the heat of the cooling water of the first hot water circuit 12 (second defrost mode). That is, in the present embodiment, in addition to the four-way valve 34, the first electromagnetic valve 34 is further provided, and the second hot water circuit 14 and the first hot water circuit 12 communicated with the second radiator 36 can be communicated. The second radiator 36 can be defrosted using the heat of the coolant in the first hot water circuit 12. In the second defrosting mode, the cooling water is circulated by operating at least one of the ENG water pump 20 and the water pumps 32 and 38.

  In this embodiment, since defrosting is performed using the heat of the hot water (cooling water) remaining after operation rather than the general defrosting using compressor power, the energy consumption for defrosting is reduced to zero. It is possible. In other words, defrosting can be performed by effectively utilizing the sensible heat of hot water that will eventually cool if left untreated.

  Further, since the cooling water of the first hot water circuit 12 circulates inside the engine 16, it is desirable to keep the temperature as high as possible in consideration of restart. Therefore, the engine 16 is restarted with reduced friction and good combustion stability by maintaining the heat of the cooling water in the first hot water circuit 12 in the first defrosting mode and performing defrosting. It becomes possible to do.

  Next, a specific process performed by the control unit 60 of the vehicle coolant heating apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment configured as described above will be described. FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a process flow performed by the control unit 60 of the vehicle coolant heating apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment.

  In step 100, the control unit 60 acquires the outside air temperature (Tamb) and the water temperature (TWout, TWin) by acquiring the detection results of the outside air temperature sensor 62, the first water temperature sensor 56, and the second water temperature sensor 58. To step 102.

  In step 102, the control unit 60 calculates the frosting amount (Gice) of the second radiator 36 and proceeds to step 104. The amount of frost formation is calculated based on Gice = Tamb−TWout as the value of the amount of frost formation. In this embodiment, the value of the amount of frost formation is calculated based on the outside air temperature and the temperature of the cooling water at the outlet of the second radiator 36, but is not limited to this. For example, the outside air temperature and the second radiator are calculated. A value corresponding to the amount of frost formation may be calculated based on the temperature of the cooling water flowing through 36.

  In step 104, the control unit 60 determines whether or not the frosting amount of the second radiator 36 is larger than a predetermined value (Gice> predetermined value), and if the determination is negative, the control unit 60 returns to step 100 and described above. If the determination is affirmed, the routine proceeds to step 106.

  In step 106, the control unit 60 determines whether or not the outside air temperature is lower than a predetermined value. In this determination, for example, it is determined whether or not the outside air temperature is low and lower than the temperature at which the frost of the second radiator 36 melts. If the determination is negative, the process returns to step 100 and the above processing is repeated. If the determination is affirmative, the routine proceeds to step 108. That is, in step 104 and step 106, it is determined whether or not the second radiator 36 needs to be defrosted. The determination of whether or not defrosting is necessary is not limited to this. For example, the surface temperature of the second radiator may be detected and determined based on the surface temperature, or may be determined using other conditions. Good.

  In step 108, the control unit 60 determines whether or not the ignition switch (IG) is turned off. If the determination is negative, the process returns to step 100 and the above processing is repeated. If the determination is affirmative, it is determined that defrosting of the second radiator 36 is necessary, and the routine proceeds to step 110.

  In step 110, the control unit 60 starts the first defrosting mode and proceeds to step 112. That is, the control unit 60 controls the first electromagnetic valve 30 so that the first hot water circuit 12 and the second hot water circuit 14 are cut off, and the second hot water circuit 14 and the second radiator 36 are in communication with each other. The four-way valve 34 is controlled so that Then, at least one of the water pumps 32 and 38 is operated. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 5, the second hot water circuit 14 and the second radiator 36 are connected, and the second radiator 36 can be defrosted using the sensible heat of the second hot water circuit 14.

  In step 112, the control unit 60 calculates the difference between the detection results of the second water temperature sensor 58 from the detection results of the first water temperature sensor 56, and is greater than a predetermined value (a value predetermined by an experiment or the like) (TWin-TWout) > Predetermined value). This determination determines whether defrosting is incomplete. When frost remains in the second radiator 36, the difference between the water temperature at the inlet of the second radiator 36 and the water temperature at the outlet becomes larger than a predetermined value, so it is determined whether or not it is larger than the predetermined value. Whether or not is incomplete. If the determination is affirmative, the process proceeds to step 114, and if the determination is negative, the process proceeds to step 122.

  In step 114, the control unit 60 determines whether or not the detection result of the second water temperature sensor 58 is higher than a predetermined value (a value predetermined by an experiment or the like) (TWout> predetermined value). This determination determines whether the water temperature at the outlet of the second radiator 36 is higher than a predetermined value (for example, 5 ° C.) at which frost is melted. If the determination is affirmative, the process proceeds to step 116, and if the determination is negative, the process proceeds to step 118.

  In step 116, the control unit 60 obtains the outside air temperature (Tamb) and the water temperature (TWout, TWin) by obtaining the detection results of the outside air temperature sensor 62, the first water temperature sensor 56, and the second water temperature sensor 58. Then, the process returns to step 112 and the above processing is repeated.

  In step 118, the control unit 60 determines whether or not the first defrosting mode is operating. If the determination is affirmative, the process proceeds to step 120. If the determination is negative, the process proceeds to step 122. To do.

  In step 120, the control unit 60 starts the second defrosting mode, returns to step 112, and repeats the above process. That is, the control unit 60 controls the first electromagnetic valve 30 so that the first hot water circuit 12 and the second hot water circuit 14 are in communication with each other. Then, at least one of the ENG water pump 20 and the water pumps 32 and 38 is operated. Thereby, when it cannot defrost only by the sensible heat of the 2nd warm water circuit 14, the 2nd radiator 36 can be defrosted using the sensible heat of the cooling water of the 1st warm water circuit 12. FIG.

  In step 122, the control unit 60 performs an end process such as stopping a water pump that is operating, stops the system, and ends a series of processes.

  By performing the treatment in this way, when defrosting of the second radiator 36 is necessary, defrosting is first performed using the sensible heat of the second hot water circuit 14 in the first defrosting mode, and defrosting is not performed. In the case of completion, defrosting can be performed using the sensible heat of the first hot water circuit 12 in the second defrosting mode. As a result, defrosting is performed using the heat of the hot water (cooling water) remaining after operation rather than defrosting using general compressor power, so energy consumption for defrosting can be reduced to zero. it can. In addition, when the defrosting is completed in the first defrosting mode, the heat of the cooling water in the first hot water circuit 12 is preserved, so that the engine can be reduced in the friction at the restart and in a good combustion stability state. 16 can be restarted and the warm-up operation time can be shortened to improve fuel efficiency.

  In addition, although this embodiment demonstrated the example which can perform 1st defrost mode and 2nd defrost mode, it is not restricted to this, For example, it is good also as a form in which only 1st defrost mode is possible. Moreover, in this embodiment, although it was determined in step 112 and step 114 that the defrosting is not completed in the first defrost mode, the determination condition is not limited to the above. For example, it may be determined from the temperature difference between the cooling water at the entrance and exit of the second radiator 36 and the outside air temperature, or may be determined using other conditions.

(Second Embodiment)

  In the second embodiment, a third hot water circuit is added to the first embodiment. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of the vehicle coolant heating apparatus according to the second embodiment. In addition, about the same site | part as 1st Embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

  In the present embodiment, a third hot water circuit 70 is further provided between the second hot water circuit 14 and the second radiator 36 in the above embodiment. In the above embodiment, the water-cooled condenser 28 is provided in the second hot water circuit 14, but in the present embodiment, the water-cooled condenser 28 is provided in the third hot water circuit 70.

  The third hot water circuit 70 is connected to the second hot water circuit 14 via the four-way valve 34 and is also connected to the second radiator 36 via the four-way valve 72.

  The third hot water circuit 70 is provided with a device B74 and a water pump 76 as heated devices, and the cooling water circulates through the water-cooled condenser 28 and the device B74. As the device B74, for example, a battery, a transmission, or the like can be applied, and the temperature of the battery, the temperature of the transmission oil, or the like can be adjusted with cooling water.

  Moreover, in said embodiment, although it defrosted by 1st defrost mode and 2nd defrost mode, in this embodiment, defrost is performed by 1st-3rd defrost mode.

  In the first defrosting mode, the second radiator 36 is defrosted using the sensible heat of the third hot water circuit 70. In the second defrosting mode, when the defrosting is not completed in the first defrosting mode, the second radiator 36 is defrosted using the sensible heat of the second hot water circuit 14. In the third defrosting mode, when the defrosting is not completed in the second defrosting mode, the second radiator is defrosted using the sensible heat of the first hot water circuit 12.

  Specifically, in the present embodiment, when the ignition switch is turned off, the first electromagnetic valve 30 is operated to cut off the first hot water circuit 12 and the second hot water circuit 14 and the four-way valve. 34 is operated and the 2nd warm water circuit 14 and the 3rd warm water circuit 70 are made into a cutoff state. Further, the four-way valve 72 is actuated to bring the third hot water circuit 70 and the second radiator 36 into communication (first defrost mode). Then, at least one of the water pumps 38 and 76 is operated to circulate the cooling water of the third hot water circuit 70 to the second radiator 36.

  Subsequently, when the temperature of the cooling water circulating through the third hot water circuit 70 is, for example, 0 ° C. or lower, no further defrosting is possible, and when the defrosting is not completed, the four-way valve 34 And the second hot water circuit 14 and the third hot water circuit 70 are brought into communication. Then, at least one of the water pumps 32, 38, 76 is operated to circulate the cooling water of the second hot water circuit 14 to the second radiator 36 and remove it using the heat of the cooling water of the second hot water circuit 14. Frost is performed (second defrost mode).

  Next, when the temperature of the cooling water circulating through the second hot water circuit 14 is, for example, 0 ° C. or lower, no further defrosting is possible, and when the defrosting is not completed, the first solenoid valve 30 is also opened, and the first hot water circuit 12 and the second hot water circuit 14 are brought into communication. Then, at least one of the ENG water pump 20 and the water pumps 32, 38, 76 is operated to circulate the cooling water in the first hot water circuit 12 to the second radiator 36, and the cooling water in the first hot water circuit 12. The defrosting is performed using the heat of (a third defrosting mode).

  In the present embodiment, the third hot water circuit 70 corresponds to the coolant circuit, the second hot water circuit 14 corresponds to the coolant circulation circuit, the heating device 24 corresponds to the heating device, the water pumps 32, 38, 76 corresponds to the circulation section. In this embodiment, the four-way valve 72 and the four-way valve actuator 64 that drives the four-way valve 72 correspond to the switching unit, and the four-way valve actuator 64 that drives the four-way valve 34 and the four-way valve 34. Corresponds to the liquid circuit switching unit. Further, for example, when a heater core is applied as the device 26, if the warm-up operation is not completed, the device does not function as heating and the warm-up operation is necessary. Therefore, in the present embodiment, it corresponds to the warm-up operation device.

  Next, a specific process performed by the control unit 60 of the vehicle coolant heating apparatus according to the present embodiment configured as described above will be described. FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a flow of processing performed by the control unit 60 of the vehicle coolant heating apparatus according to the second embodiment. Note that the same processes as those in the above embodiment are given the same reference numerals and omitted, and only the differences will be described.

  If the determination in step 108 is affirmative, step 111 is performed instead of step 110 described above. In step 111, the control unit 60 starts the first defrosting mode and proceeds to step 112. That is, the control unit 60 controls the first electromagnetic valve 30 so that the first hot water circuit 12 and the second hot water circuit 14 are cut off, and the second hot water circuit 14 and the third hot water circuit 70 are cut off. The four-way valve 34 is controlled so that Then, the four-way valve 72 is controlled so that the third hot water circuit 70 and the second radiator 36 are in communication with each other, and at least one of the water pumps 38 and 76 is operated. Thereby, the 3rd warm water circuit 70 and the 2nd radiator 36 are connected, and the 2nd radiator 36 can be defrosted using the sensible heat of the 3rd warm water circuit 70.

  If the determination in step 118 is affirmed, step 119 is performed instead of step 120. In step 118, the control unit 60 starts the second defrosting mode, returns to step 112, and repeats the above process. That is, the control unit 60 controls the four-way valve 34 so that the second hot water circuit 14 and the third hot water circuit are in communication with each other while the four-way valve 72 is kept open. Then, at least one of the water pumps 32, 38, 76 is operated. Thereby, when the defrosting cannot be performed only by the sensible heat of the third hot water circuit 70, the second radiator 36 can be defrosted using the sensible heat of the cooling water of the second hot water circuit 14.

  If the determination in step 118 is negative, the process proceeds to step 121 where the control unit 60 determines whether or not the second defrosting mode is operating. If the determination is affirmative, step 123 is performed. If the result is negative, the process goes to step 122.

  In step 123, the control unit 60 starts the third defrosting mode, returns to step 112, and repeats the above process. That is, the control unit 60 controls the first electromagnetic valve 30 so that the first hot water circuit 12 and the second hot water circuit 14 are in communication with each other while the four-way valves 34 and 72 are kept open. Then, at least one of the ENG water pump 20 and the water pumps 32, 38, 76 is operated. Thereby, when it cannot defrost only by the sensible heat of the 2nd warm water circuit 14 and the 3rd warm water circuit 70, it defrosts the 2nd radiator 36 using the sensible heat of the cooling water of the 1st warm water circuit 12. Can do.

  In addition, although this embodiment demonstrated the example which performs 1st-3rd defrost mode, as a form which does not perform 3rd defrost mode, the form which can reduce the mechanical loss at the time of restart of the engine 16 to the maximum It is good.

(Third embodiment)

  In the above-described embodiment, the configuration in which heat is indirectly exchanged between the cooling water and the refrigerant in the circulation path of the second radiator 36 via the chiller 42 has been described. However, the present embodiment has a function of the chiller 42. This is an example in which an outdoor heat exchanger is provided instead of the second radiator 36. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of the vehicle coolant heating apparatus according to the third embodiment. In addition, about the same site | part as 1st Embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

  In the present embodiment, an outdoor heat exchanger 80 as an endothermic heat exchanger is provided instead of the second radiator 36 in the first embodiment, the chiller 42 is omitted, and the refrigerant cycle 40 is added to the outdoor heat exchanger 80. The refrigerant can be circulated. That is, heat can be directly exchanged between the coolant in the circulation path of the outdoor heat exchanger 80 and the refrigerant. In this embodiment, the outdoor heat exchanger 80 functions as a heat pump that absorbs heat from the outside air through the refrigerant in the refrigerant cycle 40, and the outdoor heat exchanger 80 can be defrosted by the heat of the cooling water. Yes.

  Even if comprised in this way, the effect similar to 1st Embodiment can be acquired by processing similarly to 1st Embodiment.

  In addition, 3rd Embodiment is good also as a structure further provided with the 3rd hot water circuit 70 like 2nd Embodiment.

  In each of the above embodiments, the water pump is driven to circulate the cooling water in each defrosting mode. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and when a slight convection can be expected due to a temperature difference, It is good also as a form which does not drive a pump.

  Moreover, in 1st Embodiment, although the engine 16 was demonstrated as an example as a heating apparatus which heats a cooling water, and a warm-up operation apparatus which requires a warm-up operation, it is not restricted to this, What is a heating apparatus and an operation apparatus? Each may be a separate device.

  Further, in each of the above-described embodiments, an example in which defrosting is performed (an example in which the first defrosting mode and the second defrosting mode are performed) when the ignition switch is turned off (when step 108 is affirmed) has been described. However, it is not limited to this. For example, instead of step 108, it is determined whether or not an occupant has detected arrival at a predetermined position (eg, home) that does not require heating based on information from the navigation device, and the determination is affirmative. It may be configured to defrost when it is done. Alternatively, instead of step 108, after the ignition switch is turned off, after a predetermined time has elapsed, the time until the vehicle is reused is predicted based on the vehicle position information and time information obtained from the navigation device, and defrosting is performed. It may be determined whether or not to start. Specifically, the predicted time until reuse is a time determined in advance according to the outside air temperature through experiments or the like (the time until the cooling water in the first hot water circuit 12 reaches a temperature that requires warm-up operation, etc.) If it is shorter, defrosting may be started.

  In addition, the process performed by the control unit 60 in the above embodiment may be a software process performed by executing a program or a process performed by hardware. Alternatively, the processing may be a combination of both software and hardware. The program stored in the ROM may be stored and distributed in various storage media.

  Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to the above, and it goes without saying that various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

10 Vehicle Coolant Heating Device 12 First Hot Water Circuit (Coolant Circulation Circuit)
14 Second hot water circuit (coolant circuit)
16 Engine (heating equipment and warm-up operation equipment)
20 ENG water pump (circulation)
24 Heating equipment (heating equipment)
26 Equipment (heated equipment and warm-up equipment)
28 Water-cooled condenser (heat exchanger for heat dissipation)
30 1st solenoid valve (liquid circuit switching part)
32, 38, 76 Water pump (circulation part)
34 4-way valve (switching section and liquid circuit switching section)
72 4-way valve (switching part)
36 Second radiator (heat exchanger for heat absorption)
40 Refrigerant cycle 42 Chiller (heat exchanger for heat absorption)
44 Compressor
56 1st water temperature sensor (liquid temperature detection part and 1st liquid temperature detection part)
58 Second water temperature sensor (liquid temperature detector and second liquid temperature detector)
60 control unit 62 outside air temperature sensor (outside air temperature detecting unit)
64 4-way valve actuator (switching unit and liquid circuit switching unit)
66 Solenoid valve actuator (liquid circuit switching part)
70 Third hot water circuit (coolant circuit)
74 Equipment B (heated equipment)
80 Outdoor heat exchanger (heat exchanger for heat absorption)

Claims (5)

A coolant circuit for circulating the coolant to each of the heat-dissipating heat exchanger and at least one device to be heated included in the coolant cycle that compresses the coolant by the compressor and expands the compressed coolant;
An endothermic heat exchanger in which a coolant circulates and directly or indirectly absorbs heat from outside air to the refrigerant in the refrigerant cycle;
A coolant circulation circuit for circulating the coolant to each of a heating device for heating the coolant and a warm-up operation device that requires warm-up operation;
A switching unit that selectively switches between the coolant circuit and the heat-absorbing heat exchanger between the shut-off state and the communication state ; and the coolant circuit and the coolant circulation circuit are in the shut-off state and the communication state. A control unit for controlling each of the liquid circuit switching units to selectively switch to any state ;
An outside air temperature detector for detecting outside air temperature,
A liquid temperature detector for detecting the temperature of the coolant circulating through the heat absorption heat exchanger;
A circulating part for circulating the coolant,
Equipped with a,
The controller determines whether or not the desorption of the heat-absorbing heat exchanger is necessary based on the detection results of the outside air temperature detector and the liquid temperature detector. When the circuit and the endothermic heat exchanger are in communication with each other and the defrosting is not completed after controlling the switching unit and the circulation unit so that the coolant circulates, the coolant circuit and the coolant A vehicle coolant heating apparatus that controls the liquid circuit switching unit and the circulation unit so that the circulation circuit is in a communication state and the coolant is circulated . The liquid temperature detection unit detects the temperature of the coolant at the outlet of the endothermic heat exchanger,
The endothermic heat exchanger in which the control unit calculates the detection result of the outside air temperature detection unit lower than a predetermined temperature and is calculated from the detection result of the outside air temperature detection unit and the detection result of the liquid temperature detection unit. The vehicle coolant heating device according to claim 1, wherein defrosting is determined to be necessary when the value of the amount of frost formation is greater than a predetermined value . The liquid temperature detector detects a temperature of the coolant at the inlet of the endothermic heat exchanger, and a second liquid detects the temperature of the coolant at the outlet of the endothermic heat exchanger. A temperature detection unit,
The control unit has a difference between a detection result of the first liquid temperature detection unit and a detection result of the second liquid temperature detection unit larger than a predetermined value, and the detection result of the second liquid temperature detection unit is predetermined. The vehicle coolant heating device according to claim 1 , wherein when it is smaller than the value, it is determined that the defrosting is not completed . The said control part is a coolant heating apparatus for vehicles of any one of Claims 1-3 which control whether the said defrost necessity is judged when an ignition switch is turned off .   The vehicle coolant heating program for functioning a computer as the said control part of any one of Claims 1-4.

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