JP6567380B2 - Crusher - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a pulverizing apparatus for pulverizing a resin, mineral, or the like in a pulverizing section attached to the circumference of a pulverizing rotor.

  As this type of pulverizer, for example, as in Patent Document 1, there is a gap between a pulverization chamber, a pulverization rotor rotatably provided in the pulverization chamber, and an outer peripheral portion of the pulverization rotor. A liner that pulverizes the raw material by a pulverization rotor that is fixedly disposed, and a raw material that is disposed above the pulverization rotor and pulverized by the pulverization rotor and liner and that is brought upwards and having a predetermined particle size or less is disposed outside the pulverization chamber. 2. Description of the Related Art A pulverizing apparatus is known that includes a classification rotor that discharges and a circulation passage that brings raw materials not discharged by the classification rotor below the gap.

  In such a pulverizer, the object to be processed and the atmosphere become high temperature due to heat generated by pulverization. For this reason, a jacket for cooling the grinding chamber is provided around the grinding chamber to prevent melting of raw materials and deterioration of quality.

Japanese Patent No. 4805473

  In the conventional pulverizing apparatus, particularly, those equipped with a classification unit, the pulverization operation is performed until a predetermined particle diameter is reached, so that the object to be processed is likely to become high temperature. When the temperature is high, the spreadability of the object to be processed increases and the pulverization efficiency decreases, and in the case of an object to be processed that is easily affected by heat, such as resin and food, the product may be adversely affected.

  In Patent Document 1, a jacket is provided on the outer periphery of the crushing chamber. However, the heat transfer area is small with only the jacket on the outer periphery of the crushing chamber, and sufficient heat exchange is performed to cool the workpiece and the atmosphere. Absent.

  In addition, there is a method in which liquid nitrogen is used to cool an object to be processed and then pulverized. However, there is a problem that it is expensive to supply the liquid nitrogen.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to enable effective cooling of the pulverizing section and its periphery with a simple and inexpensive configuration.

  In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, the grinding rotor that is the highest temperature in the machine is cooled in order to perform efficient cooling.

Specifically, the grinding device of the present invention includes an outer cylinder,
An inner cylinder that forms a space at least partially partitioned with the outer cylinder;
An input port that communicates with the inner cylinder and inputs an object to be processed;
A disc-shaped grinding rotor that rotates below the inner cylinder;
A crushing portion disposed on the periphery of the crushing rotor;
A liner disposed with a predetermined gap between the grinding cylinder and the periphery of the crushing rotor on the lower side of the outer cylinder;
An air flow inlet communicating with the inside of the inner cylinder;
And a blowing passage formed between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, through which the workpiece to be crushed and blown up by the pulverizing section and the liner is passed.

  And this grinding | pulverization apparatus is provided with the grinding | pulverization rotor side cooling channel | path which supplies a refrigerant | coolant to the said grinding | pulverization rotor.

  According to the above configuration, the coolant supplied to the grinding rotor through the grinding rotor side cooling passage effectively cools the grinding part that is likely to generate heat, so that it can be melted in the grinding device without using liquid nitrogen. In addition to preventing the treated object from adhering, deterioration of the product quality due to temperature rise and reduction in pulverization efficiency due to increased spreadability of the treated object are also prevented.

In the second invention, in the first invention,
The crushing rotor side cooling passage is formed inside a rotating shaft that is integrally rotated with the crushing rotor.

  According to said structure, a refrigerant | coolant can be reliably supplied to a grinding | pulverization rotor by the simplest possible structure. For example, the coolant may be supplied to the passage in the rotating shaft using a rotary joint.

In the third invention, in the second invention,
The outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are respectively formed with jackets through which the refrigerant flows.

  According to the above configuration, the cooling heat transfer area including the inside of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder is increased, heat exchange with the object to be processed and the atmosphere is promoted, adhesion of the object to be processed by melting, and extensibility of the object to be processed. A decrease in grinding efficiency and a deterioration in product quality due to the increase are prevented.

In a fourth invention, in any one of the first to third inventions,
A classifying unit is provided in the upper part of the inner cylinder and classifies the object to be processed which is conveyed by airflow from the blowing passage.

  That is, in the case of having a classification part, since the pulverization operation is performed until the predetermined particle diameter is reached, the object to be processed is likely to become high temperature. However, according to the above configuration, at least the pulverization rotor and its surroundings are cooled. The temperature of the object to be processed does not rise, the object to be processed does not easily adhere to the grinding rotor and its surroundings, and the quality of the product does not deteriorate.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the coolant is supplied to the pulverization rotor provided with the pulverization unit, so that the pulverization unit and its surroundings can be effectively cooled with a simple and inexpensive configuration, and the processing target is processed. It is possible to prevent a reduction in grinding efficiency and a deterioration in product quality due to an increase in the spreadability of the product.

It is sectional drawing which shows the grinding | pulverization apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram showing an outline of a crushing system including a crushing device. It is a top view which shows the grinding | pulverization apparatus which removed the classification part.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

-Configuration of grinding system-
FIG. 2 shows a pulverization system 10 including a pulverization apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The pulverization system 10 includes a feeder 2 that supplies raw materials to the pulverization apparatus 1. The raw material as the object to be processed supplied from the supply machine 2 is supplied to the charging port 11a of the crushing apparatus 1 through the supply rotary valve 3. A general material can be used as an object to be processed, but a material with low brittleness such as rubber, plastic, fiber, food, etc. is particularly suitable. The product pulverized by the pulverization apparatus 1 is supplied to the bag filter 4, and the pulverized product stored at the lower end of the bag filter 4 can be taken out via the bag filter rotary valve 5. An exhaust fan 6 is connected to the downstream side of the bag filter 4 so that the air in the crushing system 10 is discharged into the atmosphere. A drive unit 7 is provided below the pulverizer 1.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the pulverizing apparatus 1 has a cylindrical outer cylinder 1 a, and a cylindrical inner cylinder 1 b having a smaller diameter is coaxially fixed therein. A pipe extending from the insertion port 11a communicates with the internal space 11 inside the inner cylinder 1b. Two air flow inlets 11b are formed symmetrically with respect to the central axis in the tangential direction of the lower portion of the outer cylinder 1a. In FIG. 1, the lower portion of the outer cylinder 1a is divided by the flange, but it is not necessarily divided. Moreover, the airflow inlet 11b may be one place, and does not necessarily need to be formed in the tangential direction.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a disk-shaped crushing rotor 12 rotates in the lower part of the internal space 11. A cylindrical crushing liner 17 is fixed below the internal space 11. The shape of the crushing rotor 12 is not particularly limited, but the crushing rotor 12 has a rotating shaft 12a at the center, and the crushing electric motor 13 of the driving unit 7 provided on the rotating shaft 12a below the crushing device 1 (FIG. 2). (Only shown in FIG. 5) is transmitted by the transmission belt 7a and the like and rotated. A plurality of crushing portions 18 are attached to the outer periphery of the crushing rotor 12 so that the tip is close to the crushing liner 17. The crushing part 18 may be a hammer-shaped crushing object to be processed, or may have a plurality of crushing blades for cutting the object to be processed.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the object to be processed from the blowing passage 1c is swirled at the upper portion of the inner cylinder 1b, and the object to be processed that does not reach the predetermined particle size is dropped to cause the inner cylinder 1b to move. A classifying unit 16 that plays a role of refluxing inside is disposed. The classification unit 16 can adjust the particle size to be classified according to the number of rotations of the classification rotor 16b.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, an inlet 11 a is provided between the classifying unit 16 and the pulverizing rotor 12 so as to input an object to be processed so as to communicate with the inner cylinder 1 b. The insertion port 11a is formed inside a cylindrical body inserted so as to have an appropriate insertion angle with respect to the outer cylinder 1a, and communicates with the inner cylinder 1b through the outer cylinder 1a. On the other hand, from the center of the lower end of the classifying portion 16, a discharge pipe that forms a discharge port 11c for discharging the object to be processed extends downward, then bends, and extends laterally through the inner cylinder 1b and the outer cylinder 1a. .

  The airflow from the airflow inlet 11b passes through a predetermined passage toward the crushing rotor 12, and blows up a passage 1c formed between the outer cylinder 1a and the inner cylinder 1b separating the inside while raising the object to be processed. Then, the air is conveyed to the upper classification unit 16 through the air, and the object to be processed having a predetermined particle size is discharged out of the apparatus through the discharge port 11 c by the action of the classification unit 16. On the other hand, those that do not reach the predetermined particle size are re-pulverized by the crushing rotor 12.

  As a feature of the present invention, water jackets 32a, 32b, and 32c through which cooling water 31 as a refrigerant flows are formed in the outer cylinder 1a and the inner cylinder 1b, respectively. The cooling water 31 is supplied from the cooling device 30 as shown in FIG. The outer cylinder water jacket 32a has a sealed space formed in the outer cylinder 1a, and the inner cylinder water jacket 32b has a sealed space formed in the inner cylinder 1b. The liner side water jacket 32c has a sealed space provided on the outer periphery of the crushing liner 17 below the outer cylinder 1a. In either case, for example, a stainless steel plate or the like is joined by welding or the like. Although not shown, these water jackets 32a, 32b, and 32c are formed with cooling water inlets 33a, 33b, and 33c and cooling water outlets 34a, 34b, and 34c, respectively, at positions where the cooling water efficiently flows. The cooling device 30 is connected.

  Further, a crushing rotor side water jacket 32d as a crushing rotor side cooling passage is also formed at the center of the rotating shaft 12a. For example, a cooling water inlet 33d is formed in the center, and a pair of cooling water outlets 34d are formed on the outer side in the radial direction. The crushing rotor side water jacket 32d may be formed by machining a round steel or a steel pipe when forming the rotating shaft 12a. The cooling water inlet 33d and the cooling water outlet 34d are connected to the cooling device 30 via the rotary joint 35.

  The cooling water 31 is supplied to the cooling water inlets 33a, 33b, 33c, and 33d through the cooling water pipe 36 in a state cooled to about 3 ° C. by the cooling device 30, for example. The cooling water is recovered from the cooling water outlets 34a, 34b, 34c, 34d through the cooling water pipe 36 to the cooling device 30 and cooled again.

-Operation of the grinding system-
In the pulverization system 10 configured as described above, the cooling water 31 is circulated from the cooling device 30 through the cooling water pipe 36. Specifically, the cooling water 31 is supplied to four locations of the outer cylinder water jacket 32a, the inner cylinder water jacket 32b, the liner side water jacket 32c, and the crushing rotor side water jacket 32d.

  Then, the object to be processed put into the feeder 2 is thrown into the inlet 11 a from the feeder 2 and falls onto the grinding rotor 12. In this embodiment, the object to be treated is not forcibly cooled with liquid nitrogen or the like, but the periphery of the inlet 11a is effectively cooled by the outer cylinder water jacket 32a and the inner cylinder water jacket 32b. Therefore, even if the object to be processed easily adheres when the temperature rises, it is difficult to adhere to the inner surface of the outer cylinder 1a or the inner cylinder 1b.

  Next, the object to be processed is conveyed to the outside in the radial direction by centrifugal force, and then collides with the rotating crushing unit 18 or is crushed between the crushing unit 18 and the crushing liner 17. During this time, the pulverization unit 18, the pulverization rotor 12, the pulverization liner 17 and the periphery thereof are heated more than before operation due to collision, friction and the like. However, not only the air in the outer cylinder 1a and the inner cylinder 1b is cooled by the outer cylinder water jacket 32a and the inner cylinder water jacket 32b, but also by the cooling water circulating through the grinding rotor side water jacket 32d in the rotary shaft 12a. The disk portion of the grinding rotor 12 is effectively cooled. For this reason, the temperature of the whole crushing rotor 12 including the crushing part 18 does not become high, and a to-be-processed object cannot adhere easily. In addition, the liner-side water jacket 32c effectively cools the pulverization liner 17 and its surroundings, so that the temperature of the pulverization liner 17 does not increase, the object to be processed is difficult to adhere, and the spreadability of the object to be processed is increased. It is also possible to prevent the pulverization efficiency from decreasing due to increase.

  Next, the object to be processed is conveyed to the classifying unit 16 through the blowing passage 1c by the airflow from the airflow inlet 11b. At this time, since the air in the blowing passage 1c is effectively cooled by the cooling water 31 flowing through the inside of the outer cylinder 1a and the inner cylinder 1b, the temperature of the object to be processed does not become too high.

  In the classifying unit 16, only the object to be processed having a predetermined size passes and is discharged from the discharge port 11c. An object to be processed that is not sufficiently pulverized falls to the pulverization rotor 12 by its own weight and is pulverized again.

  Next, the product pulverized by the pulverizing apparatus 1 is supplied to the bag filter 4, and the pulverized product is stored at the lower end of the bag filter 4. Then, the pulverized product is taken out through the bag filter rotary valve 5. Since the taken-out product does not become high temperature due to the cooling effect of the cooling water 31, it is possible to avoid deterioration of quality due to heat even for resins and foods that are easily affected by heat.

  Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the cooling water 31 is supplied to the crushing rotor 12 provided with the crushing unit 18, so that not only the crushing unit 18 but also the inside of the outer cylinder 1a and the inner cylinder 1b are effective with a simple and inexpensive configuration. Cooling can be prevented, and a reduction in pulverization efficiency and a deterioration in product quality due to an increase in the spreadability of the workpiece can be prevented.

(Other embodiments)
The present invention may be configured as follows with respect to the above embodiment.

  That is, in the above embodiment, the outer cylinder water jacket 32a, the inner cylinder water jacket 32b, the liner side water jacket 32c, and the pulverization rotor side water jacket 32d are all provided to enable cooling in a wide range. The rotor side water jacket 32d may be provided, and any one of the outer cylinder water jacket 32a, the inner cylinder water jacket 32b, and the liner side water jacket 32c may be missing.

  In the above embodiment, the classifying unit 16 driven by the electric motor 16a is provided and the particle size to be classified is adjusted by the rotation speed of the classifying rotor 16b. However, the inflow wind speed is adjusted without using power. It is good also as a cyclone classifier which adjusts a particle size. In addition, the classification unit 16 is not always necessary, and if not provided, the discharge port 11c may be provided in the upper part of the pulverizer 1. Even in that case, since at least the grinding rotor 12 and its surroundings are cooled, the temperature of the object to be processed does not rise, does not adhere to the grinding rotor 12 and its surroundings, and the spreadability of the object to be processed increases, thereby improving the grinding efficiency. We can prevent decline and quality does not deteriorate.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the unevenness | corrugation is not provided in the inner peripheral surface of the liner 17 for grinding | pulverization, an unevenness | corrugation may exist. The object to be processed that collides with the crushing portion 18 and scatters in the tangential direction of the crushing rotor 12 collides with the irregularities of the crushing liner 17 and returns to the crushing rotor 12 side, so that the crushing efficiency is improved. Also in this case, since the grinding rotor 12 is effectively cooled, the temperature of the object to be treated does not rise, does not adhere to the grinding rotor 12 and its surroundings, and the spreadability of the object to be treated increases to reduce the grinding efficiency. Can be prevented, and the quality does not deteriorate.

  For example, in the above embodiment, the coolant is the cooling water 31, but is not limited thereto, and may be an antifreeze liquid such as a brine liquid.

  In addition, the above embodiment is an essentially preferable illustration, Comprising: It does not intend restrict | limiting the range of this invention, its application thing, or a use.

1 Crusher
1a outer cylinder
1b Inner cylinder
1c Blow-up passage
2 feeder
3 Rotary valve for supply
4 Bug filters
5 Rotary valve for bag filter
6 Exhaust fan
7 Drive unit
7a Transmission belt
10 Grinding system
11 Internal space
11a inlet
11b Airflow inlet
11c outlet
12 Grinding rotor
12a Rotating shaft
13 Electric motor for grinding
16 class division
16a electric motor
16b Classification rotor
17 Grinding liner (liner)
18 Grinding part
30 Cooling device
31 Cooling water (refrigerant)
32a outer water jacket
32b Inner cylinder water jacket
32c liner side water jacket
32d Crushing rotor side water jacket (Crushing rotor side cooling passage)
33a, 33b, 33c, 33d Cooling water inlet
34a, 34b, 34c, 34d Cooling water outlet
35 Rotary joint
36 Cooling water piping

Claims (2)

An outer cylinder,
An inner cylinder that forms a space at least partially partitioned with the outer cylinder;
An input port that communicates with the inner cylinder and inputs an object to be processed;
A disc-shaped grinding rotor that rotates below the inner cylinder;
A crushing portion disposed on the periphery of the crushing rotor;
A liner disposed with a predetermined gap between the grinding cylinder and the periphery of the crushing rotor on the lower side of the outer cylinder;
An air flow inlet communicating with the inside of the inner cylinder;
A blow-up passage that is formed between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder and that allows the workpiece to be blown and blown by the crushing part and the liner to pass through;
A crushing rotor side cooling passage for supplying a refrigerant to the crushing rotor ,
The crushing rotor side cooling passage is formed inside a rotary shaft that is integrally rotated with the crushing rotor.
The outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are formed with jackets through which the refrigerant flows, respectively . The crusher according to claim 1 ,
A pulverizing apparatus comprising a classification unit that is provided in an upper portion of the inner cylinder and classifies an object to be processed which is conveyed by airflow from the blowing passage.

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