JP6248718B2 - Vertical crusher - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention mainly relates to a vertical crusher that crushes raw materials such as coal, oil coke, limestone, slag, clinker, cement raw material, or chemicals with a crushing roller driven on a rotary table.

  A vertical crusher is widely used as a crusher for crushing raw materials such as coal. A conventional vertical crusher includes a rotary table and a plurality of crushing rollers arranged in a position that equally divides the outer peripheral portion of the upper surface of the rotary table in the circumferential direction in a casing that forms an outer shell of the crusher. .

  In such a pulverizer, when the raw material is supplied to the center of the rotary table, the raw material moves to the outer peripheral portion of the rotary table by the rotation of the rotary table. Since the roller rotates in pressure contact with the outer peripheral portion, the raw material enters between the grinding roller and the rotary table and is crushed. And by the hot air blowing from the annular passage between the outer peripheral surface of the rotary table and the inner peripheral surface of the casing, the inside of the casing rises while the granular material is dried together with the hot air. The powder particles are sorted by the classifying means provided in the upper part of the casing, and the product of a predetermined particle size is discharged to the outside.

In the pulverization step, the granular material pulverized to the target size in the casing is quickly discharged to the outside through the classification means, and the coarse particles less than the target size are promptly retained without being retained in the casing. If it can be supplied to the upper surface of the rotary table and re-pulverized, the loss of hot air pressure (power) can be reduced and effectively utilized.
For this reason, in the conventional vertical crusher, for efficient circulation of hot air, an annular armoring is provided above the annular passage to change the flow direction of the hot air passing through the annular passage inward. .

  FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of a conventional vertical crusher. As shown in the figure, in the conventional vertical crusher 1, fine particles (for example, particles having a particle size of 5 μm to 200 μm) are raised in the casing 2 together with hot air and sorted by the classifying means 3. It is discharged outside. On the other hand, coarse particles (particles having a particle size exceeding 200 μm) are blown upward in the casing 2 by hot air blown from the armoring 4. Since the hot air blown up from the armoring 4 is an upward swirling flow, the coarse particles are accelerated by the centrifugal force and the upward inertial force, and reach the upper classification means 3 along the inner wall of the casing 2. , It is returned to the casing 2 without passing through the classifying means 3. The rotary blades 5 of the classifying means are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the upper surface of the rotary table, and coarse particles along the inner wall of the casing 2 tend to concentrate on the upper portion of the rotary blades 5.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a rotary classifier that equalizes by providing a rectifying body directly under a classifying rotor in order to prevent unevenness of powder particles introduced into rotating blades of classifying means.

JP-A-9-192606

However, the conventional vertical crusher has a problem that the powder particles are concentrated on the upper part of the rotating blades, so that the abrasion progresses only at the upper part and the classification ability is lowered at an early stage, resulting in poor classification efficiency.
Moreover, since the classifier disclosed in Patent Document 1 has a configuration in which a rectifier is provided in the classifying means, the weight increases, and a load may occur during rotation.

  In view of the above-described problems of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a vertical crusher that has improved classification performance by preventing uneven wear of classification means.

According to the present invention, as a first means for solving the above problems, a rotatable crushing roller is disposed on the upper surface of the rotary table, a raw material is supplied to the upper surface of the rotary table, and the upper surface of the rotary table and the pulverization are provided. The mixture is pulverized between the peripheral surface of the rollers, and the granular material is conveyed to the classification means at the top of the rotary table by hot air supplied from an annular passage provided between the outer peripheral surface of the rotary table and the casing. In the vertical crusher, comprising a rectifying plate capable of uniformly supplying the granular material at the inlet of the classification means into which the granular material rising along the inner wall of the casing is introduced ,
The rectifying plate has a curved or flat plate shape that directs the powder particles rising along the inner wall toward the introduction port, and the longitudinal direction from the inner wall toward the inside is aligned with the flow direction of the powder particles. Provided is a vertical grinder characterized by being arranged in parallel in a direction intersecting the flow direction, reducing the shape of the plate from the inner wall toward the inside, and widening the gap between the plates. It is in.

  According to the present invention, as a second means for solving the above-described problem, the rectifying plate has a curved shape in which the powder particles rising along the inner wall are directed toward the inlet, and from the inner wall to the inside. A plurality of parallelly arranged in the direction crossing the flow direction along the direction in which the granular material flows in the longitudinal direction toward the inside from the inner wall, and the gap between the plates It is characterized by expanding.

  According to the present invention, as a third means for solving the above-described problem, the rectifying plate has a flat plate shape that directs the powder particles rising along the inner wall toward the inlet, and from the inner wall to the inside. A plurality of parallelly arranged in the direction crossing the flow direction along the direction in which the granular material flows in the longitudinal direction toward the inside from the inner wall, and the gap between the plates It is characterized by expanding.

  According to the present invention as described above, since the rectifying plate capable of uniformly supplying the powder particles is provided at the inlet of the classifying means into which the powder particles rising along the inner wall of the casing are introduced, Thus, the classification load can be distributed over the entire area of the blade without the concentration load being concentrated on the upper portion of the blade. As a result, uneven wear of the blades of the classifying means can be prevented to extend the life, and the classification efficiency of the classifying means can be increased.

  Further, since the classification load is dispersed without concentrating on the upper part of the blades of the classification means as in the conventional vertical crusher, the retention of hot air in the apparatus can be reduced. As a result, the classification efficiency is increased, the pulverization efficiency is improved, and hot air can be efficiently introduced into the machine, so that excessive power consumption for operation can be reduced.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a vertical crusher of the present invention. It is explanatory drawing of a baffle plate. It is explanatory drawing of the baffle plate of a modification. It is explanatory drawing of the conventional vertical crusher.

  Embodiments of a vertical crusher of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a vertical crusher according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the current plate. As shown in FIG. 1, the vertical crusher 10 includes a casing 12, a rotary table 14, a plurality of crushing rollers 16 arranged at positions that equally divide the outer peripheral portion of the upper surface of the rotary table 14 in the circumferential direction, An annular passage 40 formed along the outer periphery of the table 14, classification means 30 provided at the top of the casing 12, and a rectifying plate 60 provided at the inlet of the classification means 30 are the main basic configurations.

The crushing roller 16 is connected to the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 24 via an upper arm 20 pivotally attached to the lower casing 12B serving as a fulcrum and a lower arm 22 formed integrally with the upper arm 20. . The crushing roller 16 is laterally pressed on the upper surface 14A of the rotary table by the operation of the hydraulic cylinder 24, and rotates by being driven by the rotary table 14 via the raw material.
A classification means 30 is provided above the upper surface 14 </ b> A of the casing 12.

  The classifying means 30 includes a rotary shaft 30a, a rotary blade 30b, and a fixed blade 30c. The rotating shaft 30a hangs downward from the upper surface of the casing 12, and is configured to be rotatable by an external drive motor (not shown). A plurality of rotary blades 30b are arranged in a ring shape below the rotary shaft 30a, with the rotary shaft 30a as an axis. Further, a plurality of fixed blades 30c are formed side by side on the outer periphery of the rotary blade 30b. Both the rotary blade 30b and the fixed blade 30c are arranged in parallel with the axis of the rotary shaft 30a in the longitudinal direction, and the hot air rising in the casing 12 is a gap between the blades parallel to the axis of the rotary shaft 30a. Supplied from In the classifying means 30 having such a configuration, the rotary blade 30b rotates together with the rotary shaft 30a, and only the fine powder particles passing through the fixed blade 30c and the rotary blade 30b are discharged from the upper outlet 44.

A rectifying cone 30e is provided at the lower end of the fixed blade 30c. The rectifying cone 30e is formed in a funnel shape whose diameter decreases from the upper side to the lower side, and captures the granular material that could not pass through the classification means 30 and supplies it to the upper surface 14A of the rotary table from the lower discharge port. It has become.
A raw material charging chute 34 is connected to the rectifying cone 30e. The raw material is charged from the raw material charging port 32 to the rotary table upper surface 14A via the raw material charging chute 34.

  The raw material charged from the raw material charging chute 34 moves to the outer periphery of the rotary table upper surface 14A while drawing a spiral trajectory on the rotary table upper surface 14A, and is caught between the rotary table upper surface 14A and the grinding roller 16 and pulverized. The A part of the pulverized granular material passes over the dam ring 38 that is provided around the outer edge of the rotary table upper surface 14A to adjust the layer thickness of the raw material, and the outer periphery of the rotary table upper surface 14A and the casing 12 It goes to the annular passage 40 which is a gap. Here, below the turntable 14 of the lower casing 12B, there is provided a gas inlet 42 for introducing hot air gas (referred to as hot air in this embodiment) heated to a predetermined temperature. An upper outlet 44 is provided above the turntable 14 for taking out the powder and granular material together with hot air.

During operation of the vertical crusher 10, by introducing hot air from the gas inlet 42, the hot air flowing through the classification means 30 from below the rotary table 14 to the upper outlet 44 in the casing 12. Airflow is generated.
The raw material charged into the vertical crusher 10, pulverized by the rotary table 14 and the crushing roller 16 to become powder particles, and part of the powder particles that have passed over the dam ring 38 are heated by hot air from the annular passage 40. The air is blown up to rise in the casing 12 and reach the classification means 30.

Here, the granular material having a large diameter and mass cannot pass through the fixed blade 30c and the rotating blade 30b of the classifying means 30, falls to the rectifying cone 30e, and is re-engaged by the grinding roller 16 and pulverized. The On the other hand, the granular material having a small diameter passes through the classification means 30 through the fixed blades 30b and the rotary blades 30c arranged with a gap therebetween, and is taken out of the casing 12 through the upper outlet 44.
Further, a part of the raw material having a maximum particle size that has reached the annular passage 40 without being caught by the grinding roller 16 falls below the rotary table 14 from the annular passage 40 and is vertically crushed from the lower outlet 46. It is taken out of the machine 10.

  The armoring 50 is a control member that directs the wind direction of the hot air that has passed through the annular passage 40 toward the rotation axis of the upper surface 14A of the turntable. The armoring 50 is attached to the lower inner wall of the casing 12 and above the annular passage 40.

  A rectifying plate 60 is provided at the particle inlet of the classification means 30 (before the powder is introduced into the classification means 30). The rectifying plate 60 of the present embodiment has a curved shape (arc shape) in which a cross-sectional view of the side faces a particle body rising along the inner wall of the casing 12 toward the inlet, and the outer periphery of the classification means 30 in a plan view. It is formed in an annular shape so as to cover. Further, a plurality of rectifying plates 60 are arranged in parallel in a direction intersecting with the flowing direction along the flowing direction of the granular material from the inner wall to the inside of the casing 12. And the shape (size) of a board is made small toward the inside from the inner wall of casing 12, and the crevice between boards is expanded.

Such a rectifying plate 60 is arranged such that a large rectifying plate 60 is arranged on the inner wall side with respect to the large granular material passing through concentrated on the inner wall side of the casing 12, and the contact area colliding with the plate is increased. It is getting bigger. Thereby, the granular material which rises along an inner wall collides with the baffle plate 60, decelerates, and can change the direction which flows along a curved shape into an inlet.
Further, since the gap between the plates of the inner wall side rectifying plate 60 is set to be narrow, the flow direction of the granular material concentrated on the inner wall side can be dispersed from the upper side to the lower inlet.

On the other hand, since the number of powder particles passing through the inner side of the casing 12 is less than that on the inner wall side, a rectifying plate 60 having a small shape is arranged on the inner side to reduce the contact area that collides with the plate, in other words, the passage resistance is reduced. doing. Thereby, it is difficult for the granular material rising on the inner side to collide with the rectifying plate 60 and decelerate, and the direction of flowing along the curved shape can be changed to the lower inlet.
In addition, since the gap between the plates of the inner rectifying plate 60 is set to be wide, the granular material passing through the inner side easily passes between the plates, and the flowing direction can be changed to the introduction port. .

The operation of the vertical crusher of the present invention having the above configuration will be described below.
When the rotary table 14 of the vertical crusher 10 is rotated, the crushing roller 16 laterally pressed by the hydraulic cylinder 24 onto the upper surface 14A of the rotary table is also rotated. When the raw material is charged from the raw material charging port 32 to the rotary table upper surface 14A, the rotary table upper surface 14A moves to the outer periphery of the table while drawing a spiral trajectory, and between the rotary table upper surface 14A and the grinding roller 16 And is crushed.

A part of the granular material goes to the annular passage 40 which is a gap between the outer edge portion of the upper surface 14 </ b> A of the rotary table and the casing 12.
In the casing 12, hot air is introduced from the gas inlet 42, and an upward airflow of hot air flowing from the lower part of the rotary table 14 through the annular passage 40 to the upper outlet 44 is generated.

  And a part of granular material is blown up with hot air, and raises the inside of the casing 12. A large rectifying plate 60 is arranged on the inner wall side with respect to a large particle size particle that passes through the inner wall side of the casing 12 at the introduction port of the classifying means 30, and the contact area where the plates collide is set. It is getting bigger. Thereby, the granular material which rises along an inner wall collides with the baffle plate 60, decelerates, and can change the direction which flows along a curved shape from the upper direction to the downward inlet. In addition, since the gap between the inner wall side rectifying plates 60 is set to be narrow, the flow direction of the granular material concentrated on the inner wall side can be dispersed to the lower inlet.

  On the other hand, since the number of powder particles passing through the inner side of the casing 12 is smaller than that on the inner wall side, a rectifying plate 60 having a small shape is arranged on the inner side to reduce the contact area that collides with the plate, in other words, the passage resistance. It is small. Thereby, it is difficult for the granular material rising on the inner side to collide with the rectifying plate 60 and decelerate, and the direction of flowing along the curved shape can be changed to the lower inlet.

The granular material having a predetermined particle size subjected to the classification action by the fixed blade 30c and the rotary blade 30b of the classification means 30 is discharged from the upper outlet 44 to the outside.
In addition, the granular material having a large diameter and weight cannot pass through the blades 36 of the separator 30, is captured by the rectifying cone 30 e, falls to the upper surface 14 </ b> A of the rotating table, is re-engaged by the crushing roller 16, and is crushed. .

  According to such a vertical crusher of the present invention, the rectifying plate capable of uniformly supplying the powder particles is provided at the inlet of the classifying means into which the powder particles rising along the inner wall of the casing are introduced. Therefore, the classification load can be distributed over the entire area of the blade without the concentration load being concentrated on the upper portion of the blade as in the prior art. As a result, uneven wear of the blades of the classifying means can be prevented to extend the life, and the classification efficiency of the classifying means can be increased.

  FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of a rectifying plate of a modification. As shown in the drawing, the rectifying plate 60A of the modification is formed in a flat plate shape (straight line) in a side sectional view. The rectifying plate 60 </ b> A of the modification is provided at the inlet of the granular material of the classification means 30 (before the granular material is introduced into the classification means 30). The rectifying plate 60A is formed in an annular shape so as to cover the outer periphery of the classification means 30 in plan view. Further, a plurality of rectifying plates 60A are arranged in parallel in a direction intersecting with the flowing direction along the flowing direction of the powder particles from the inner wall of the casing 12 toward the inside. And the shape (size) of a board is made small toward the inside from the inner wall of casing 12, and the crevice between boards is expanded.

  The rectifying plate 60A having such a configuration is configured such that a large rectifying plate 60A is disposed on the inner wall side and collides with the plate with respect to a granular material having a large particle diameter that is concentrated and passes on the inner wall side of the casing 12. The area is increased. Thereby, the granular material rising along the inner wall collides with the rectifying plate 60A and decelerates, and the direction of flowing along the curved shape can be changed from the upper side to the lower inlet.

Further, since the gap between the plates of the inner wall side rectifying plate 60A is set to be narrow, the flow direction of the granular material concentrated on the inner wall side can be dispersed to the lower inlet.
On the other hand, since the number of powder particles passing through the inner side of the casing 12 is smaller than that on the inner wall side, a rectifying plate 60A having a small shape is arranged on the inner side to reduce the contact area that collides with the plate, in other words, the passage resistance is reduced. doing. Thereby, it is difficult for the granular material rising on the inner side to collide with the rectifying plate 60A and decelerate, and the direction of flowing along the curved shape can be changed to the lower inlet.

  In addition, since the gap between the plates of the inner rectifying plate 60A is set to be wide, the powder passing through the inner side easily passes between the plates, and the flow direction is changed to the lower inlet. Can do.

  The present invention is particularly useful for a vertical crusher that conveys and classifies powder particles with hot air introduced into the machine.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ......... Corporate crusher, 2 ......... casing, 3 ......... Classifying means, 4 ......... Armoring, 5 ......... Rotating blades, 10 ......... Vertical crusher, 12 ......... Case 12B ......... Lower casing, 14 ......... Rotary table, 14A ......... Rotary table top surface, 16 ......... Crushing roller, 20 ......... Upper arm, 22 ......... Lower arm, 24 ......... Hydraulic cylinder 30 ......... Classifying means, 30a ... Rotating shaft, 30b ... Rotating blade, 30c ......... Fixed blade, 30e ......... Rectifying cone, 32 ......... Raw material inlet, 34 ......... Raw material charging Chute, 38 ......... Dam ring, 40 ......... Annular passage, 42 ......... Gas inlet, 44 ......... Upper outlet, 46 ......... Lower outlet, 50 ......... Armaring, 60, 60A ………rectifier.

Claims (1)

A rotatable crushing roller is arranged on the upper surface of the rotary table, the raw material is supplied to the upper surface of the rotary table, pulverized between the upper surface of the rotary table and the peripheral surface of the crushing roller, and the powder particles are rotated. In the vertical crusher for classifying the hot air supplied from the annular passage provided between the outer peripheral surface of the table and the casing to the classifying means at the top of the rotary table,
A rectifying plate capable of uniformly supplying the granular material to the inlet of the classifying means into which the granular material rising along the inner wall of the casing is introduced ;
The rectifying plate has a curved or flat plate shape that directs the powder particles rising along the inner wall toward the introduction port, and the longitudinal direction from the inner wall toward the inside is aligned with the flow direction of the powder particles. A vertical grinder characterized by being arranged in parallel in a direction crossing the flow direction, reducing the shape of the plate from the inner wall toward the inside, and widening the gap between the plates .