JP6555769B1 - Composite video generator - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is a synthesized moving image data device that provides synthesized moving image data obtained by synthesizing moving image data of a subject that is a user based on information relating to a synthesized moving image, and provides the subject with high entertainment. The position and angle of view of a photographing means 11 for photographing subject A, template moving image data D1, and template moving image data D1, which are associated with template moving image data D1, are determined. A storage unit 15 for storing the subject shooting information, an adjustment unit 12 for sequentially adjusting the position and the angle of view of the shooting unit 11 based on the subject shooting information, a synthesis based on the template moving image data D1 and the synthesis subject data D2. Generating means 16 for generating moving image data D3, and the subject photographing information changes sequentially as the reproduction time of the template moving image data D1 elapses. [Selection] Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a combined moving image generating apparatus that combines a predetermined moving image and a subject based on the behavior of a camera.

  Conventionally, techniques relating to the synthesis of moving images and still images have been used in various scenes such as studio photography using chroma keys, creation of ID cards with face photos, and three-dimensional modeling.

  For example, Patent Document 1 describes an image composition device that can synthesize a background image corresponding to camera work by acquiring the position and movement of a camera when photographing a subject. .

  Further, Patent Document 2 describes a face image printing system that recognizes the position of a face and automatically adjusts the position of the camera so that a predetermined position of a captured image is obtained.

  Patent Document 3 discloses a synthesized moving image that generates a synthesized moving image in which a subject is synthesized with a moving image of a background in consideration of a distance and an angle using camera parameters such as a camera position, a line-of-sight direction, and a focal length. An image generation apparatus and a synthetic moving image generation method are described.

JP 2008-054155 A JP 2004-201331 A Japanese Patent No. 3309841

  Here, the techniques described in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 are techniques for controlling the behavior of a camera that captures a subject in accordance with information such as the position and movement of the subject. Further, the technique described in Patent Document 3 is a technique for controlling the size and the like of a synthesized moving image in accordance with information such as the positional relationship between a subject and the synthesized moving image.

  For this reason, the techniques described in Patent Documents 1 to 3 cannot synthesize the subject and the moving image based on the information regarding the moving image of the combining destination.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above situation, and provides synthesized moving image data obtained by synthesizing moving image data of a subject that is a user based on information about a moving image to be synthesized, and It is an object of the present invention to provide a synthesized moving image generating apparatus that provides high entertainment.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides:
Photographing means for photographing the subject;
Storage means for storing template moving image data and subject photographing information associated with the template moving image data and including the position and angle of view of the photographing means for photographing the composition subject data;
Adjusting means for sequentially adjusting the position and angle of view of the photographing means based on the subject photographing information;
Generating means for generating synthesized moving image data based on the template moving image data and the composition subject data;
The subject photographing information changes sequentially as the reproduction time of the template moving image data elapses.

According to the present invention, the subject and the template moving image data can be synthesized in accordance with a change in the composition of the template moving image data as the playback time elapses.
That is, the subject (user) can be taken into the world view of the template moving image data, and the subject can be given high entertainment.

  In a preferred aspect of the present invention, the template moving image data is provided with a combining area, and the combining subject data is displayed in the combining area of the combining moving image data.

  By adopting such a configuration, only a predetermined part of the subject can be taken into the world view of the template moving image data, so that variations of the template moving image data are widened and the subject is provided with higher entertainment. Is possible.

  In a preferred aspect of the present invention, the information processing apparatus includes a voice information acquisition unit that acquires voice information based on the voice of the subject, and the generation unit generates the synthesized moving image data including the voice information.

  By adopting such a configuration, the subject's own voice can be synthesized with the world view of the template moving image data, so that it is possible to give the subject a higher level of entertainment.

  In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a head of a person is displayed in the composition area of the template moving image data, and the subject photographing information includes a moving image based on the angle, position, and size of the person's head. It is characterized in that it contains inner head information.

  With such a configuration, it is possible to give the subject a high level of entertainment such as a print club (registered trademark).

  In a preferred aspect of the present invention, the photographing unit is configured to be movable around the head of the subject by the adjusting unit.

  With such a configuration, when the composition of the template moving image data changes, especially when the position or angle of view of the person's head changes, subject shooting information according to the change can be accurately acquired. It becomes.

  In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of the photographing means are provided.

  By adopting such a configuration, even if the composition of the template moving image data changes in a complicated manner, the subject shooting information corresponding to the change can be accurately obtained by relaying between the shooting means. It can be acquired.

  In a preferred aspect of the present invention, a contact preventing means is provided between the photographing means and the subject.

  With such a configuration, it is possible to prevent the subject from inadvertently touching the photographing unit and the adjusting unit.

  In a preferred aspect of the present invention, the image processing apparatus includes display processing means for displaying at least one of the template moving image data, the composition subject data, and the combined moving image data and transmitting a display processing result.

  With such a configuration, the content of the template moving image data, the composition subject data, and the composition moving image data can be grasped before the synthesized moving image data is output. It is possible to acquire high-quality synthesized moving image data.

  According to the present invention, there is provided a synthesized moving image generating apparatus that provides synthesized moving image data obtained by synthesizing moving image data of a subject that is a user based on information about a synthesized moving image, and that provides the subject with high entertainment. Can be provided.

It is the schematic of the synthetic | combination moving image production | generation system using the synthetic | combination moving image production | generation apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a synthesized moving image generating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the usage method and operation | movement aspect of a synthetic | combination moving image generation apparatus which concern on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the usage method and operation | movement aspect of a synthetic | combination moving image generation apparatus which concern on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the usage method and operation | movement aspect of a synthetic | combination moving image generation apparatus which concern on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the usage method and operation | movement aspect of a synthetic | combination moving image generation apparatus which concern on embodiment of this invention. It is a sequence diagram which shows the process sequence of the synthetic | combination moving image production | generation apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, the synthesized moving image generating apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
The following embodiment is an example of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the following embodiment. In these drawings, reference numeral 1 denotes a synthesized moving image generating apparatus according to the present embodiment.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a synthesized moving image generating system S using the synthesized moving image generating apparatus 1.

The composite video generation system S includes a composite video generation device 1, a user terminal U that stores the composite video generated by the composite video generation device 1, and a management server that manages the composite video generation device 1. Y.
The synthesized moving image generating apparatus 1, the user terminal U, and the management server Y are connected to each other via a network N.
The management server Y performs, for example, monitoring for the presence / absence of a defect in the synthesized moving image generating apparatus 1, adding / deleting template moving image data, accumulating synthesized moving image data, and the like.

The synthesized moving image generating apparatus 1 includes a photographing unit 11, an adjusting unit 12, an audio information acquisition unit 13, a contact prevention unit 14, a storage unit 15, and a processing unit T.
The processing unit T includes a generation unit 16 and a display processing unit 17.

  The photographing means 11 is a camera that photographs the subject A (user, see FIG. 3).

  The adjusting unit 12 sequentially adjusts the position and the angle of view of the photographing unit 11 that photographs the subject A based on the subject photographing information.

  The voice information acquisition unit 13 is a microphone that acquires voice information based on the voice of the subject A.

  The contact preventing unit 14 is provided between the photographing unit 11 and the adjusting unit 12 and the subject A, and prevents the subject A from unexpected contact with the photographing unit 11 and the adjusting unit 12.

  The storage unit 15 stores the template moving image data and subject shooting information associated with the template moving image data and including the position and angle of view of the shooting unit 11 for shooting the composition subject data. It is a non-volatile auxiliary storage device.

  The generation unit 16 generates combined moving image data based on the template moving image data and the combining subject data.

  The display processing means 17 performs display processing of template moving image data, composition subject data, and combined moving image data, and transmission of display processing results.

  Hereinafter, specific modes of each means will be described with reference to FIG.

As shown in FIG. 2, the synthesized moving image generating apparatus 1 is schematically configured in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped box shape having an opening P1 as an entrance / exit on one side surface thereof.
A curtain part P2 is suspended from the upper part of the opening P1.
In FIG. 2, the curtain part P2, the side surface on the near side, and the ceiling are shown in a state in which the outer shape is indicated by a dotted line and the inside is transmitted.

The synthesized moving image generating apparatus 1 includes a substantially rectangular parallelepiped base portion P3.
A display part P4 for displaying the display processing result by the display processing means 17 is placed on the upper part of the base part P3, and a coin insertion part P5 is provided on one side face facing the opening part P1.

The display unit P4 includes a moving image data display unit P4a on which template moving image data D1, composition subject data D2, composition moving image data D3, and the like are displayed, selection / reproduction of template moving image data D1 by the subject A, and coins And an operation screen display unit P4b on which a touch panel type operation screen for performing an operation such as return is displayed.
In addition, the display part P4 does not necessarily need to be comprised by two display parts, and how many may be sufficient.

The photographing unit 11 (camera) has a zoom-in / zoom-out function, and two units are provided on the adjusting unit 12 provided on the ceiling of the synthesized moving image generating apparatus 1 to move around the head A1 of the subject A. It is configured to be possible.
Specifically, each photographing means 11 is provided on each slide base 12b (see FIG. 5A) provided slidably along the rail portion 12a of the adjustment means 12 (see FIG. 5A). The lens is configured to always face the head A1 of the subject A.
The number of photographing means 11 is not limited to two and may be any number.

The adjusting means 12 is configured by a rail portion 12a that is curved in an inverted U shape, and is thinned at a plurality of locations, a sliding base 12b, and a rotating portion 12c provided at the apex of the rail portion 12a. Has been.
The rail portion 12a is suspended from the ceiling via the rotating portion 12c, and is configured to be rotatable about the axis extending vertically downward from the apex thereof by the rotating portion 12c.
The fixing means for the rotating part 12c and the ceiling may be any means as long as the entire adjusting means 12 can be stably held.

The voice information acquisition means 13 (microphone) is placed on the upper part of the base part P3 and on both sides of the operation screen display part P4b.
The number of audio information acquisition means 13 is not limited to two, and may be any number, and may be provided by means such as hanging from the ceiling or incorporating in the display unit P4.

The contact preventing means 14 is entirely configured to be translucent, and includes a hemispherical contact preventing means main body 14a and a thin plate-like main body holding portion 14b extending from both sides of the contact preventing means main body 14a.
The contact prevention means main body 14a is configured such that the lower part is opened and the interior is hollow.
Each end of the thin plate-shaped main body holding portion 14 b is fixed to both side surfaces of the synthesized moving image generating apparatus 1.
The contact prevention means 14 does not necessarily have to be semi-transparent as a whole, and only the contact prevention means main body 14a may be semi-transparent. Moreover, as a material of the contact prevention means 14, an acrylic resin is used suitably, for example. The fixing means for each main body holding portion 14b and both side surfaces may be any means as long as it can stably hold the entire contact prevention means 14.

  Next, with reference to FIGS. 3 to 6, the usage method and operation mode of the synthesized moving image generating apparatus 1 will be described.

  FIG. 3 is an enlarged perspective view of the synthesized moving image generating apparatus 1 with the subject A inside.

First, as shown in FIG. 3, the subject A is in a state in which his / her head A1 is housed inside the contact prevention means main body 14a and faces the display unit P4.
Note that, for example, a chair whose height can be adjusted is preferably provided inside the synthesized moving image generating apparatus 1 so that the position of the head A1 can be adjusted according to the height of the subject A.

Next, the subject A inserts coins into the coin insertion unit P5 and operates the synthesized moving image generating apparatus 1.
In this way, the display processing unit 17 displays a template moving image data selection screen on the operation screen display portion P4b.
The operation of the composite moving image generating apparatus 1 is not necessarily triggered by the insertion of coins. For example, an IC card reader is provided in the base P3, and the subject A is connected via a user terminal U such as a smartphone. It is good also as a structure which the synthetic | combination moving image production | generation apparatus 1 operate | moves by paying.

Next, the subject A selects desired template moving image data D1 from the plurality of template moving image data stored in the storage unit 15 by using the operation screen display unit P4b.
By doing so, the template moving image data D1 is displayed on the moving image data display portion P4a by the display processing means 17.

  In the present embodiment, for example, as illustrated in FIG. 4, it is assumed that the template moving image data D1 in which the person X is wakeboarding is selected.

Here, FIG. 4 shows a state of screen transition of the template moving image data D1 as the playback time elapses.
That is, the template moving image data D1 is reproduced in the order of FIG. 4A, FIG. 4B, and FIG. 4C, and the person X gradually moves to the subject A while riding the wave. The content is approaching towards you.
The template moving image data D1 is provided with a composition area Z indicated by a one-dot chain line so as to surround the outline of the head X1 of the person X.

Next, as the reproduction time of the template moving image data D1 described above elapses, the subject A is photographed by each photographing means 11.
At this time, the adjusting means 12 adjusts the position and the angle of view of each photographing means 11 based on the subject photographing information associated with the template moving image data D1.

The subject photographing information includes moving image head information based on the angle, position, and size of the head X1 of the person X.
Specifically, the head information in the moving image is the image information based on the change in the angle and position of the head X1 viewed from the subject A in the template moving image data D1, and the size of the composition area Z with respect to the screen size. It is comprised by information, such as size information based on the change of.
That is, the image information and the size information are information that sequentially changes as the reproduction time of the template moving image data D1 elapses.

For example, as shown in FIG. 4, when the size of the head X1 of the person X changes as the playback time elapses, the angle of view of each photographing unit 11 is adjusted by the adjusting unit 12 based on the size information. Is zoomed in or out.
In the present embodiment, as the playback time elapses, the size of the compositing area Z with respect to the screen size increases (approaches), and accordingly, the photographing unit 11 is zoomed in.

  Although not shown in FIG. 4, when the angle position of the head X <b> 1 of the person X changes as the playback time elapses, the head X <b> 1 of the person X viewed from the subject A is based on the image information. The position and angle of view of each photographing means 11 are adjusted by the adjusting means 12 so that the angle position and the angle position of the head A1 of the subject A photographed by the photographing means 11 are the same.

That is, as shown in FIG. 5 (a), each imaging means 11 moves along the rail portion 12a based on the image information (arrow a), so that the angle position of the subject A in the sagittal plane direction is changed. Adjusted.
Also, as shown in FIG. 5B, the angle position of the subject A in the coronal plane direction is adjusted by rotating the rotating unit 12c (arrow b) based on the image information.
5A and 5B are a side view and a top view of the subject A, the adjusting unit 12 and the contact preventing unit 14 in the state shown in FIG. 3, respectively. Further, in FIG. 5A, the contact prevention means main body 14a is shown in a sectional view.

Here, as shown in FIG. 5 (a), the rail portion 12a is formed so that the upper and lower sides are curved in a substantially U shape, and a plurality (four) of rollers provided on each slide base 12b. R is configured to contact the inner peripheral surface of the curved portion.
Thereby, the sliding base 12b slides smoothly along the rail part 12a.
When the angle / position of the head X1 of the person X does not change significantly as in the template moving image data D1, only one photographing unit 11 needs to be operated. On the other hand, for example, in the case of template moving image data in which a figure skating person rotates on a link, image information changes in a complicated manner. Therefore, each photographing means 11 is operated to perform sliding and relaying. As a result, the composition subject data D2 is acquired.

In this way, while the template moving image data D1 is being reproduced, the subject A is photographed by each photographing means 11 while the position and angle of view of each photographing means 11 are constantly adjusted by the adjusting means 12.
Then, the sequential change in the angle, position and size of the head A1 of the subject A synchronized with the sequential change in the head information in the moving image as the reproduction time of the template moving image data D1 elapses is used as the composition subject data D2. Obtained and stored in the storage means 15.
Note that the composition subject data D2 naturally includes a sequential change in the expression of the subject A.

Next, the generating unit 16 generates combined moving image data D3 based on the template moving image data D1 and the acquired combining subject data D2.
That is, as shown in FIG. 6, the composite moving image data D3 is generated by replacing the composition area Z of the template moving image data D1 with the composition subject data D2.

Note that when the subject A utters sound during reproduction of the template moving image data D1, sound information based on this sound is acquired by the sound information acquiring means 13 and stored in the storage means 15.
The acquired voice information is used as part of the composition subject data D2 to generate the synthesized moving image data D3, and the generating unit 16 generates the synthesized moving image data D3 including the voice information.
That is, in this case, audio information is emitted from the synthesized moving image data D3 generated by the generating means 16 at the same timing as the reproduction time of the subject A in the template moving image data D1.

  FIG. 7 is a sequence diagram showing a processing procedure of the composite moving image generating apparatus 1. The flow until the subject A acquires the composite moving image data D3 will be described using this.

In step S <b> 1, the subject A starts the operation of the synthesized moving image generating apparatus 1.
In the present embodiment, the processing unit T starts the operation of the composite moving image generating apparatus 1 when the subject A inserts coins into the coin insertion unit P5.

In step S2, the processing unit T performs display processing on the display unit P4.
In the present embodiment, a template moving image data selection screen is displayed on the operation screen display portion P4b.

In step S <b> 3, the photographing unit 11 and the adjusting unit 12 transmit user recognition data to the processing unit T.
The user recognition data is information for specifying the position of the head A1 in the contact prevention means main body 14a, the orientation of the face, and the size of the head A1 based on the feature amount of the face of the subject A. .

  In step S4, the processing unit T performs a user recognition process based on the user recognition data.

In step S5, the processing unit T performs an initial position standby process for the photographing unit 11 and the adjustment unit 12 based on the user recognition data.
As a result, the photographing unit 11 and the adjusting unit 12 move to the initial position before template moving image data reproduction in accordance with the position and size of the head A1 of the subject A.

  In step S6, the subject A uses the operation screen display part P4b to select desired template moving image data.

In step S7, the processing unit T performs a reproduction process on the display unit P4.
In the present embodiment, the selected template moving image data D1 is reproduced on the moving image data display portion P4a.

  In step S8, the processing unit T performs subject photographing information transmission processing to the photographing unit 11 and adjustment unit 12 at the same timing as step S6.

  In step S9, the processing unit T performs a voice information acquisition start process on the voice information acquisition unit 13 at the same timing as in step S6.

  In step S <b> 10, the photographing unit 11 and the adjustment unit 12 transmit the composition subject data to the processing unit T. The composition subject data D2 is transmitted sequentially during the reproduction of the template moving image data D1.

  In step S <b> 11, the voice information acquisition unit 13 transmits voice information to the processing unit T. Note that the transmission of the audio information is sequentially performed during reproduction of the template moving image data D1.

  In step S <b> 12, the processing unit T generates composite moving image data D <b> 3 based on the template moving image data D <b> 1, composition subject data D <b> 2, and audio information, and performs output processing (upload) on the management server Y.

  In step S13, the management server Y generates a download URL unique to the synthesized moving image data D3.

  In step S14, the management server Y generates a QR code (registered trademark) unique to the composite video data D3 based on the download URL specific to the composite video data D3.

  In step S15, the management server Y transmits a QR code (registered trademark) unique to the synthesized moving image data D3 to the processing unit T.

In step S16, the processing unit T performs a display process of a QR code (registered trademark) unique to the synthesized moving image data D3 on the display unit P4.
As a result, a QR code (registered trademark) unique to the combined moving image data D3 is displayed on the display unit P4.

  In step S <b> 17, the subject A downloads the synthesized moving image data D <b> 3 via the QR code (registered trademark) by the user terminal U thereof and stores it in the user terminal U.

According to the present embodiment, the subject A and the template moving image data D1 can be synthesized in accordance with a change in the composition of the template moving image data D1 as the playback time elapses.
That is, the subject A can be taken into the world view of the template moving image data D1, and the subject A can be given high entertainment.

  Further, since the composition subject data D2 is displayed in the composition area Z of the composition moving image data D3, only a predetermined part of the subject A can be taken into the world view of the template moving image data D1, Variations in the template moving image data D1 are widened, and the subject A can be given higher entertainment.

  The audio information acquisition unit 13 acquires audio information based on the audio of the subject A, and the generation unit 16 generates the synthesized moving image data D3 including the audio information, so that the template moving image data D1 can be viewed in the world. Since the voice of the subject A can be synthesized, the subject A can be given higher entertainment.

  Further, the head X1 of the person X is displayed in the composition area Z of the template moving image data D1, and the subject imaging information includes moving image inner head information based on the angle, position and size of the head X1 of the person X. Is included, it is possible to give the subject A high entertainment such as a print club (registered trademark).

  Further, since the photographing unit 11 is configured to be movable around the head A1 of the subject A by the adjusting unit 12, the composition of the template moving image data D1 changes, particularly the position of the head X1 of the person X When the angle of view changes, it is possible to accurately acquire subject shooting information corresponding to the change.

  Moreover, even if the composition of the template moving image data D1 changes in a complicated manner by providing a plurality of imaging means 11, relaying between each imaging means 11 can respond to this change. It is possible to accurately acquire subject shooting information.

  In addition, since the contact prevention unit 14 is provided between the photographing unit 11 and the subject A, it is possible to prevent the subject A from unexpected contact with the photographing unit 11.

  Further, by providing display processing means 17 for displaying the template moving image data D1, the composition subject data D2 and the combined moving image data D3 and transmitting the display processing result, before the combined moving image data D3 is output. Since the contents of each of the moving image data D1 to D3 can be confirmed, the subject A can acquire the synthesized moving image data D3 with higher satisfaction.

  It should be noted that the shapes, dimensions, and the like of the constituent members shown in the above-described embodiment are examples, and can be variously changed based on design requirements and the like.

For example, in the present embodiment, an example in which the template moving image data D1 is reproduced on the moving image data display unit P4a is shown. However, a preview of the combined moving image data D3 is displayed in real time during the reproduction of the template moving image data D1. It is good also as a structure to be performed.
In addition, for example, in the operation screen display unit P4b, it may be configured such that the subject A can select whether or not to synthesize his / her own voice with the synthesized moving image data D3.
Furthermore, the means for downloading the synthesized moving image data D3 is not limited to the QR code (registered trademark). For example, an application linked with the synthesized moving image generating apparatus 1 is used, and the synthesized moving image data D3 is transmitted to the user terminal via this application. It is good also as a structure preserve | saved at U.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Composite moving image production | generation apparatus P1 Opening part P2 Curtain part P3 Base part P4 Display part P4a Moving image data display part P4b Operation screen display part P5 Coin insertion part 11 Imaging | photography means 12 Adjustment means 12a Rail part 12b Sliding base R Roller 12c Rotation Unit 13 Audio information acquisition unit 14 Contact prevention unit 14a Contact prevention unit main body 14b Main body holding unit T Processing unit 15 Storage unit 16 Generation unit 17 Display processing unit D1 Template moving image data D2 Compositing subject data D3 Composite moving image data A Subject A1 Head X Person X1 Head Z Composition area U User terminal Y Management server N Network

Claims (8)

Photographing means for photographing the subject;
Storage means for storing template moving image data and subject photographing information associated with the template moving image data and including the position and angle of view of the photographing means for photographing the composition subject data;
Adjusting means for sequentially adjusting the position and angle of view of the photographing means based on the subject photographing information;
Generating means for generating synthesized moving image data based on the template moving image data and the composition subject data;
The composite moving image generating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the subject photographing information is sequentially changed as the reproduction time of the template moving image data elapses. The template moving image data is provided with a composition area,
The synthesized moving image generating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the composition subject data is displayed in the composition area of the synthesized moving image data. In the composition area of the template moving image data, a person's head is displayed,
3. The synthesized moving image generation according to claim 2, wherein the subject photographing information includes moving image inner head information based on an angle, a position, and a size of the head of the person. apparatus. Voice information acquisition means for acquiring voice information based on the voice of the subject;
The synthesized moving image generating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the generating unit generates the synthesized moving image data including the audio information.   The synthesized moving image generating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the photographing unit is configured to be movable around the head of the subject by the adjusting unit.   The composite moving image generating apparatus according to claim 1, comprising a plurality of the photographing means.   The composite moving image generating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a contact preventing unit is provided between the photographing unit and the subject. The display processing means for displaying at least one of the template moving image data, the composition subject data, and the combined moving image data, and transmitting a display processing result. A synthesized moving image generating apparatus according to claim 1.