JP6552029B1 - Gasification gas cooling and tar removing device - Google Patents

Abstract

The gasification gas cooling and tar removal device main body is composed of a cooling device that cools high-temperature gasification gas to medium temperature, and gasification gas that is cooled to medium temperature by spraying water vapor or spray water on the gasification gas cooled to medium temperature. A water spraying device that contains water vapor, a cooling condensing device that cools the gasified gas containing water vapor to a low temperature, condenses tar and water vapor, and drops them into the turbid liquid stored in the storage unit, and a storage unit A liquid level holding device for holding the liquid level of the stored turbid liquid in a predetermined position, supplying cooling water to the inlet of the condensing coil of the cooling condenser, and supplying water vapor flowing out from the outlet to the inlet of the cooling coil of the cooling device And a gas cooling / cooling heat recovery circuit that supplies the superheated steam flowing out from the outlet to the superheated steam utilization device.

Description

  The present invention relates to an apparatus for cooling gasified gas and removing tar contained in the gasified gas.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a tar removing device for reforming and removing tar contained in gasification gas with a high temperature catalyst. According to this, the tar contained in the gasification gas generated in the biomass gasifier is reformed into carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas by contacting the high temperature catalyst in the tar cracking device. High-temperature gasified gas of about 600 to 800 ° C. discharged from the tar decomposing apparatus is cooled to about 200 ° C. by a boiler, and low-temperature precipitated dust such as salts precipitated at this time is removed by a bag filter. Then, tar deposited from the gasification gas cooled to 150 ° C. or less by the bag filter adheres to the wall surface when passing through the washing tower and is removed.

  Patent Document 2 discloses a tar removal device that prevents a heat exchanger from deteriorating heat exchange performance due to adhesion of tar. According to this, an appropriate amount of water is sprayed by the water spray device 35 into the product gas storage space in the container 31 of the heat exchanger 3. The heat transfer surface of the cooling pipe 34 of the heat exchanger 3 is washed by dripping spray water and condensed water, and the condensed tar is prevented from adhering to the heat transfer surface, and the heat exchange performance of the cooling pipe 34 is maintained. be able to.

JP, 2009-185154, A JP, 2010-229206, A

  As described above, there is known an apparatus for decomposing, reforming and removing tar contained in high-temperature gasification gas with a catalyst or the like, and cooling with a boiler. However, such an apparatus still has problems in terms of thermal efficiency, the degree of achievement of tar removal, and simplicity. That is, in the tar removal apparatus described in Patent Document 1, a large amount of tar remains in the gasification gas only by removing the tar with the high-temperature catalyst in the tar decomposition apparatus. When the gas is cooled to about 200 ° C. by the boiler, there is a concern that tar adheres to the wall of the boiler and the efficiency is deteriorated. Also, the gasification gas is passed through a bag filter to remove dust that deposits when cooled. Tar remaining in the gasification gas that has passed through the bag filter and has become 150 ° C. or less is removed by the cleaning tower, but the tar adhering to the wall surface of the cleaning tower removes the ultrasonically applied water from the tangential direction to the wall surface. It is necessary to inject and remove. Furthermore, in the tar removal apparatus described in Patent Document 2, the use of exhaust heat obtained by cooling the product gas is not considered.

  The present invention provides a gasification gas cooling and tar removal device capable of efficiently cooling a high-temperature gasification gas generated in a gasification furnace and efficiently using superheated steam obtained when the gasification gas is cooled. Intended to be provided.

  The present invention includes an apparatus main body, a cooling device that cools a high-temperature gasification gas to an intermediate temperature, a water spraying device that includes water vapor in the gasification gas cooled to the intermediate temperature, and a gasification that includes the water vapor. A cooling condenser for cooling gas to a low temperature and condensing tar and water vapor and dropping it into a liquid of water and tar stored in a storage part, and a liquid level of the turbidity liquid stored in the storage part A gasification gas cooling and tar removal device comprising a liquid level holding device held at a position and a gas cooling / cooling heat recovery circuit using superheated steam obtained when the gasified gas is cooled.

The apparatus main body includes an inlet through which the high temperature gasification gas flows from the gasification furnace, an outlet through which the gasification gas cooled to a low temperature and from which tar is removed, and the flow from the inlet A cylindrical passage for guiding the gasified gas flowing toward the outlet, and a concave on the bottom side of the passage for storing a condensed liquid of condensed water and tar at the outlet side, and the lower part And a reservoir having a drain hole formed therein for draining the turbid liquid.
The cooling device is provided on the inflow side in the passage of the apparatus main body so that the high-temperature gasification gas flowing in from the inflow port passes, and the high-temperature gasification gas is brought to an intermediate temperature. Cooling. The water spraying device is provided on the outlet side along with the cooling device in the passage of the device main body so that the gasified gas cooled to the intermediate temperature by the cooling device passes therethrough, Water vapor or spray water is sprayed on the gasified gas cooled to an intermediate temperature, so that the gasified gas cooled to the intermediate temperature contains a large amount of water vapor to make it rich in water vapor. The cooling condensing device is provided on the outlet side in parallel with the spraying device in the passage of the device main body so that the gasified gas that has passed through the water spraying device passes. The gasification gas containing water vapor is cooled to a low temperature by an applicator, and the tar and the water vapor contained in the gasification gas are condensed and dropped into the turbid solution stored in the storage section and removed. The liquid level holding device holds the liquid level of the turbid liquid stored in the storage section at a predetermined position. The gas cooling / cooling heat recovery circuit supplies the cooling water supplied from a water supply device to the inlet of the cooling condenser coil of the cooling condenser, and the steam flowing out from the outlet of the cooling condenser coil to the inlet of the cooling coil. The superheated steam that is supplied and flows out from the outlet of the cooling coil is supplied to the superheated steam utilization device.

  The cylindrical passage may be provided horizontally in the apparatus main body, or may be provided vertically. When provided horizontally, the cooling condenser is positioned below the liquid surface of the turbid liquid stored in the storage section at the lower end surface.

  According to such a configuration, the high temperature gasification gas is cooled to a medium temperature by the cooling device, and the gasification gas cooled to the medium temperature and made into a steam rich state by the water spray device is cooled to a low temperature by the cooling condensation device. Further, the gas cooling / cooling heat recovery circuit supplies the cooling water supplied from the water supply device to the inlet of the cooling condensing coil of the cooling condensing device, and the water vapor flowing out from the outlet of the cooling condensing coil cools the cooling device. The superheated steam supplied to the inlet of the coil and flowing out from the outlet of the cooling coil is supplied to the superheated steam utilization device. Thereby, the superheated steam obtained when cooling high temperature gasification gas to low temperature can be utilized efficiently.

  Further, the gasification gas cooled to medium temperature by the cooling device is sprayed with steam or atomized water by the water sprayer to make the water vapor rich state, so the medium temperature gasification gas has a simple configuration and is steam rich state Can be. Then, the tar that is condensed and cooled by the cooling condenser is cooled by the water vapor-rich gasification gas, and the tar is dropped downward and removed in a state of being less likely to adhere to the wall surface. It can prevent that it adheres to the outer surface of a condensation coil and the cooling function of a cooling condenser is reduced. As a result, the high temperature gasification gas can be thermally efficiently cooled, and the tar contained in the high temperature gasification gas can be efficiently removed with a simple configuration.

It is a block diagram which shows the whole structure of 1st Embodiment of the cooling and tar removal apparatus of gasification gas. It is a block diagram which shows the whole structure of the cooling and the tar removal apparatus of the gasification gas which used the other Example for the liquid level holding | maintenance apparatus in 1st Embodiment. It is a block diagram which shows the whole structure of 2nd Embodiment of a gasification gas cooling and tar removal apparatus. It is a block diagram which shows the whole structure of 3rd Embodiment of the cooling of a gasification gas, and a tar removal apparatus.

1. Configuration of First Embodiment As shown in FIG. 1, a gasification gas cooling and tar removal apparatus 1 according to a first embodiment includes an apparatus main body 10 and a cooling device 20 that cools a high-temperature gasification gas to an intermediate temperature. A water spray device 30 for containing steam in gasification gas cooled to a medium temperature, and cool the gasification gas containing steam to a low temperature to condense tar and steam, and tar and water stored in the storage section 14 The cooling condenser 40 that drops into the turbid liquid 16, the eliminator 50 that collects the remaining tar and water carried over by the gasification gas that has passed through the cooling condenser 40, and the turbid liquid 16 stored in the storage section 14. The liquid level holding device 60 that holds the liquid level 17 at a predetermined position and a gas cooling / cooling heat recovery circuit 70 that cools the gasification gas and recovers the cooling heat.

  The apparatus main body 10 is a housing in which a horizontally long passage 11 is formed inside and the outer periphery is covered with a heat insulating material. An inlet 12 through which high-temperature gasification gas flows from the gasification furnace 2 is formed at the upstream end face of the passage 11, and gasification gas that has been cooled to low temperature and from which tar has been removed flows out downstream. An outlet 13 is formed. The passage 11 has a horizontal cylindrical shape and guides the gasified gas flowing in the gas flow direction 18 from the inlet 12 toward the outlet 13. At the bottom of the passage 11 which is the lower plate of the apparatus body 10, a concave storage portion 14 for storing the turbid liquid 16 in which condensed water and tar are mixed is formed over a predetermined range on the outlet 13 side. ing. A drain hole 15 for discharging the turbid liquid 16 is formed in the lower part of the storage part 14. The bottom surface of the reservoir 14 is inclined so that the drain hole 15 is at a low level. The gasification furnace 2 is a known device that generates gasification gas from biomass such as thinned wood, waste wood, rice straw, wheat straw, rice husk, corn, etc., preferably woody biomass.

  The cooling device 20 is provided on the inlet 12 side in the passage 11 of the apparatus body 10 so that high-temperature (for example, 800 ° C.) gasified gas flowing in from the inlet 12 passes therethrough. There is no gap between the outer peripheral surface of the cooling device 20 in the gas flow direction 18 and the inner peripheral surface of the passage 11, and all the gasified gas flowing in from the inlet 12 passes through the cooling device 20. The cooling device 20 is internally provided with a cooling coil 21 and cools the high temperature gasification gas to an intermediate temperature while the steam flowing from the inlet 22 of the cooling coil 21 flows through the cooling coil 21 and flows out from the outlet 23. The medium temperature is above the condensation temperature of most types of tar, eg 400-500 ° C.

  The water spraying device 30 includes a water feeding device 71, a cooling condensing coil 41 of the cooling condensing device 40, a steam blowing unit 31, and a pipe 72 connecting the water feeding device 71 to the inlet 42 of the cooling condensing coil 41; A pipe 73 connecting the outlet 43 of the coil 41 to the inlet 32 of the steam spray unit 31 is formed. The steam spray unit 31 is provided on the outlet 13 side along the cooling device 20 in the passage 11 of the apparatus main body 10 so that the gasification gas cooled to an intermediate temperature by the cooling device 20 passes through. There is no gap between the outer peripheral surface in the gas flow direction 18 of the steam spray unit 31 and the inner peripheral surface of the passage 11, and all the gasified gas that has passed through the cooling device 20 passes through the steam spray unit 31. The steam spray unit 31 is supplied with steam at a spray temperature (for example, 250 to 300 ° C.) lower than the medium temperature from the inlet 32 to the gasification gas cooled to a medium temperature, and steam at the spray temperature is a medium temperature gasification gas To make the gasification gas rich by adding water vapor to the gasification gas. The water spray device 30 passes the cooling device 20 and flows the steam in the passage 11 in the downstream direction toward the medium-temperature gasification gas from the steam spray unit 31 from the steam steam of the spray temperature evenly from the downstream side. Spray. The water spraying device 30 may spray the steam at the spraying temperature from the steam spraying unit 31 evenly in the horizontal direction from the upstream side to the medium-temperature gasification gas flowing in the downstream direction through the passage 11. .

  The cooling and condensing device 40 is provided on the outlet 13 side along with the water spraying device 30 in the passage 11 of the device main body 10 so that the gasification gas which has passed the water spraying device 30 passes. The cooling / condensing device 40 is disposed above the storage portion 14, and the lower end surface of the cooling / condensing device 40 is located below the liquid surface 17 of the turbid liquid 16 stored in the storage portion 14. As a result, there is no gap between the inner peripheral surface of the area defined by the inner peripheral surface excluding the lower surface of the passage 11 and the liquid surface 17 and the outer peripheral surface in the gas flow direction 18 of the cooling condensing device 40. All gasification gases that have passed through the applicator 30 pass through the cooling condenser 40. The cooling condensing device 40 is provided with a cooling condensing coil 41 inside, and the water flowing from the inlet 42 of the cooling condensing coil 41 flows into the water vapor while flowing through the cooling condensing coil 41 until it flows out of the outlet 43. The gasification gas which is sprayed with water vapor and slightly cooled from the middle temperature and flows in the downstream direction is cooled to a low temperature of 50 ° C., for example. Since the gasification gas becomes lower than the condensation temperature of tar and water while passing through the cooling condenser 40, the tar and water vapor contained in the gasification gas condense and flow downward along the outer surface of the cooling condenser coil 41. Then, it falls into the turbid liquid 16 stored in the storage unit 14 and is removed from the gasification gas.

  The eliminator 50 is provided on the outlet 13 side in the passage 11 of the apparatus main body 10 along with the cooling / condensing device 40 so that the gasification gas that has passed through the cooling / condensing device 40 passes. The eliminator 50 is disposed above the storage unit 14, and the lower end surface of the eliminator 50 is positioned below the liquid level 17 of the turbid liquid 16 stored in the storage unit 14. As a result, there is no gap between the inner peripheral surface of the area defined by the inner peripheral surface excluding the lower surface of the passage 11 and the liquid surface 17 and the outer peripheral surface of the eliminator 50 in the gas flow direction 18, and the cooling condenser 40. All of the gasified gas that has passed through passes through the eliminator 50. In the eliminator 50, a large number of corrugated plates 51 are erected side by side so that the side edges in the vertical direction of the adjacent corrugated plates 51 overlap with the gas flow direction 18 with a gap. While passing through the gasification gas from which water vapor has been removed, tarred and water carried over and remaining in the gasification gas are collected, and the turbid liquid stored in the storage section 14 along the outer surface of the corrugated plate 51 Drop into 16 The gasified gas that has passed through the eliminator 50 is sent from the gasified gas cooling and tar removing device 1 to the dust collecting device 3 through the outlet 13 and finally the dust is removed. The tar-free gasification gas thus obtained is used in the gas using device 4. The gas using device 4 uses gasified gas for liquid fueling, power generation turbine driving, and the like.

  The liquid level holding device 60 is provided in a liquid level gauge 61 that detects the liquid level 17 of the turbid liquid 16, a pipe 62 that connects the drain hole 15 to the tar recovery device 5, and the pipe 62. Control the opening and closing of the solenoid valve 63 according to the detection signal of the solenoid valve 63 and the liquid level gauge 61 to keep the liquid level 17 of the turbid liquid 16 stored in the storage section 14 at a predetermined position And a control unit 64. The tar and water turbid liquid 16 sent from the cooling and tar removing device 1 to the tar collecting device 5 through the pipe 62 is separated into tar and water by the tar collecting device 5. The separated tar is used as an auxiliary fuel in a combustion furnace 6 of a boiler or the like. The separated water is treated as waste water by the waste water treatment device 7.

  The gas cooling / cooling heat recovery circuit 70 includes a water supply device 71, a pipe 72 that connects the water supply device 71 to the inlet 42 of the cooling condensing coil 41 of the cooling condensing device 40, the cooling condensing coil 41, and the outlet of the cooling condensing coil 41. It comprises a pipe 74 connecting 43 to the inlet 22 of the cooling coil 21 of the cooling device 20, a cooling coil 21 and a pipe 76 connecting the outlet 23 of the cooling coil 21 to the superheated steam utilization device 75. The water supply device 71 controls the flow rate of water to be supplied according to the amount of heat per unit time of the high temperature gasification gas supplied from the gasification furnace 2, and the heat balance of the gasification gas cooling and tar removing device 1 is controlled. I am trying. In the water supply device 71, it is preferable to use the condensate of the steam turbine and the soft treated water.

  In the first embodiment, the eliminator 50 is provided downstream of the cooling and condensing device 40. However, if the amount of tar remaining in the gasification gas that has passed through the cooling and condensing device 40 is less than the allowable value, or When the tar remaining after being carried over by the gasification gas that has passed through the condenser 40 is separately removed after the gasification gas cooling and tar removal apparatus 1, the eliminator 50 need not be provided.

2. Operation of First Embodiment The high-temperature gasification gas generated in the gasification furnace 2 flows into the passage 11 from the inlet 12 of the apparatus main body 10 and passes through the cooling device 20. In the cooling coil 21 of the cooling device 20, a portion of the steam heated to the blowing temperature in the cooling condenser coil 41 of the cooling condenser 40 flows from the inlet 22 through the pipe 74 and flows out from the outlet 23 Therefore, the high temperature gasification gas exchanges heat with water vapor while in contact with the cooling coil 21 and is cooled to an intermediate temperature. The superheated steam flowing out of the outlet 23 is sent to the superheated steam utilization device 75. Superheated steam can be used as a gasifying agent in driving of a steam turbine or in a gasification furnace.

  The cooling condenser coil 41 of the cooling condenser 40 is supplied with feed water lower than the above-described low temperature (for example, up to 40 ° C.) from the inlet 42 from the feed water unit 71. The water supply device 71 performs water supply of a flow rate that can achieve heat balance of the gasification gas cooling and the tar removal device 1 in consideration of the heat quantity per unit time and the like of the high temperature gasification gas. The water supplied from the water supply device 71 exchanges heat with the gasification gas slightly cooled from the middle temperature by the cooling and condensing device 40, turns into steam at a blowing temperature, and flows out from the outlet 43. A portion of the steam at the blowing temperature that has flowed out from the outlet 43 of the cooling condenser coil 41 is sent to the inlet 22 of the cooling coil 21 of the cooling device 20 via the pipe 74.

  In the water spraying device 30, the water supplied from the water supply device 71 becomes steam at the spraying temperature while flowing through the cooling condensing coil 41 of the cooling condensing device 40, flows out from the outlet 43, and sprayed out from the outlet 43. The other part of the steam at the temperature is sent to the inlet 32 of the steam spraying part 31 through the pipe 73. The water spray device 30 sprays steam having a spray temperature from the nozzle provided in the steam spray unit 31 to the gasification gas which has passed through the cooling device 20 and has been cooled to an intermediate temperature. As a result, the medium temperature gasification gas is slightly cooled and becomes a water vapor rich gasification gas containing a lot of water vapor, and flows to the cooling condenser 40.

  The steam-rich gasification gas exchanges heat with steam and water while being in contact with the cooling condenser coil 41 and is cooled to a low temperature (for example, about 50 ° C.). During this time, the tar and steam contained in the steam-rich gasification gas become lower than the respective condensation temperatures and condense. The condensed tar and water travel along the outer surface of the cooling condenser coil 41 and fall into the water and tar turbid liquid 16 stored in the storage section 14. At this time, since the condensed tar is in a water vapor rich environment, it is prevented from being attached to the outer surface of the cooling condensing coil 41 by being covered with water vapor or water, and the cooling function of the cooling condensing device 40 is not deteriorated.

  The low temperature gasification gas that has passed through the cooling condenser 40 is carried over in the gas while passing through the eliminator 50 to collect residual tar and water. The collected tar and water fall along the outer surface of the corrugated sheet 51 into the turbid liquid 16 stored in the storage portion 14. Since tar is dropped down in the eliminator and removed as it is covered with water and hardly adheres to the wall, it is possible to prevent the tar from adhering to the outer surface of the corrugated sheet 51 and degrading the function of the eliminator. it can. The gasification gas that has passed through the eliminator 50 is delivered from the outlet 13 to the dust collection device 3 and becomes tar free gasification gas, and is used for liquid fuel conversion, power generation turbine drive, and the like.

  The liquid level 17 of the turbid liquid 16 stored in the storage section 14 is measured by the liquid level meter 61, and the liquid level 17 is held at a predetermined position by discharging the turbid liquid 16 from the bottom by opening and closing the solenoid valve 63. The As a result, the lower end surfaces of the cooling condenser 40 and the eliminator 50 are positioned below the liquid level 17 of the turbid liquid 16. When the liquid level 17 becomes higher than the predetermined position, the solenoid valve 63 is opened, and the turbid liquid 16 flows on the bottom inclined toward the drain hole 15 and is discharged from the drain hole 15. When the liquid level 17 is in the predetermined position, the solenoid valve 63 is closed. Since tar has a higher specific gravity than water, in the turbid liquid 16 stored in the storage unit 14, the ratio of tar to water increases toward the bottom of the storage unit. The turbid liquid 16 sent from the storage unit 14 to the tar recovery device 5 is separated into tar and water by the tar recovery device 5. The separated tar is used as an auxiliary fuel in the combustion furnace 6 or the like of the boiler, and the separated water is treated by the waste water treatment device 7.

  When the eliminator 50 is not provided, the gasified gas from which tar and water vapor are condensed and removed by the cooling condensing device 40 flows out from the outlet 13 of the apparatus main body 10 and the amount of remaining tar is less than the allowable value. It is used in the gas using apparatus which uses gasification gas. Alternatively, it is sent to the gas using device 4 via an eliminator and a dust collector that removes carry-over tar and water separately provided as necessary, and is used for liquid fuel conversion, power generation turbine drive, and the like.

  In the first embodiment, the liquid level holding device 60 controls the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve 63 in accordance with the detection signal of the liquid level gauge 61, and the liquid level 17 of the turbid liquid 16 stored in the storage unit 14 is predetermined. Although it holds in position, it is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the atmosphere chamber 65 is partitioned in the reservoir 14 so as to surround the drain hole 15, and the lower end of the wall 66 partitioning the reservoir 14 and the atmosphere chamber 65 is slightly separated from the bottom of the reservoir 14. Thus, the reservoir 14 and the atmospheric chamber 65 are communicated with each other in the vicinity of the bottom surface of the reservoir 14. Then, a cylinder 67 having a height lower than the liquid level 17 by a difference H may surround the drain hole 15 in the atmospheric chamber 65 and may be erected on the bottom surface of the storage unit 14. The difference H is set based on the negative pressure near the outlet 13 of the passage 11 and the specific gravity of the turbid liquid in order to maintain the liquid level of the turbid liquid 16 at a predetermined position.

3. Effects of the First Embodiment A gas which has been cooled by the cooling device 20 to a medium temperature by the cooling device 20 and is sprayed with steam by the water spray device 30 to the gasification gas cooled to the medium temperature to be in a water vapor rich state The gas cooling / cooling heat recovery circuit 70 supplies the cooling water supplied from the water supply device 71 to the inlet 42 of the cooling condensing coil 41 of the cooling condensing device 40 in order to cool the gasified gas to a low temperature by the cooling condensing device 40. The steam flowing out of the outlet 43 of the cooling condenser coil 41 is supplied to the inlet 22 of the cooling coil 21 of the cooling device 20, and the superheated steam flowing out of the outlet 23 of the cooling coil 21 is supplied to the superheated steam utilization device 75. Thereby, the superheated steam obtained when the high temperature gasification gas is cooled to a low temperature can be efficiently used.

  Furthermore, the gasification gas cooled to an intermediate temperature by the cooling device 20 is sprayed with steam by the water spray device 30 to be in a steam-rich state containing a large amount of steam, so the medium temperature gasification gas has a simple configuration and is steam-rich. It is possible to Then, the steam-rich gasified gas is cooled by the cooling condensing device 40, whereby tar and water vapor are condensed and fall into the lower turbid liquid 16. The condensed tar is dropped and removed in a state where it is covered with water vapor or water and hardly adheres to the wall surface, so that the tar adheres to the outer surface of the cooling condensing coil 41 and deteriorates the cooling function of the cooling condensing device 40. The high-temperature gasification gas can be efficiently cooled and the tar contained in the high-temperature gasification gas can be efficiently removed with a simple configuration.

  In the first embodiment, since the eliminator 50 is provided on the outlet 13 side along with the cooling condenser 40 in the passage 11 of the apparatus main body 10, gasification in which tar and moisture are removed by the cooling condenser 40 is provided. Tar and moisture remaining after being carried over by the gas can be collected by the eliminator 50 and dropped into the lower turbid liquid 16 to be removed. At this time, since the tar which has been carried over is covered with water vapor and water and drops downward along the outer surface of the wave plate 51 of the eliminator to be removed, it adheres to the outer surface of the wave plate 51 and the function of the eliminator is degraded Can be prevented.

  Furthermore, the cooling water supplied from the water supply device 71 is supplied to the inlet 42 of the cooling condenser coil 41 of the cooling condenser 40, and a part of the steam flowing out from the outlet 43 of the cooling condenser coil 41 is of the cooling coil 21 of the cooling device 20. Since the other portion is supplied to the inlet 22 of the water vapor spraying portion 31 of the water spray device 30 and the superheated steam flowing out from the outlet 23 of the cooling coil 21 is supplied to the superheated steam utilization device 75, The water spray device 30 can efficiently generate steam to be sprayed to the medium temperature gasification gas with a simple configuration, and the superheated steam utilization device 75 efficiently uses the superheated steam obtained when the gasification gas is cooled. be able to.

  In the first embodiment, the water spraying apparatus 30 utilizes the other part which is a part of the steam flowing out from the cooling condensing coil 41. However, when the steam can be used inexpensively from other parts, this cheap The water vapor may be supplied to the inlet 32 of the water vapor spray unit 31 of the water spray device 30.

4. Configuration of Second Embodiment In the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, only the point where the water spray device 35 sprays spray water, not steam, onto the gasified gas cooled to an intermediate temperature by the cooling device 20. However, since it is different from the first embodiment, the same components as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, description thereof is omitted, and only different portions will be described.

  The water spray device 35 includes a high-pressure water supply device 36, a spray water spray portion 37, and a pipe 39 that connects the high-pressure water supply device 36 to the inlet 38 of the spray water spray portion 37. The spray water sprayer 37 is provided on the outlet 13 side along the cooling device 20 in the passage 11 of the apparatus main body 10 so that the gasification gas cooled to an intermediate temperature by the cooling device 20 passes through. There is no gap between the outer peripheral surface of the spray water spraying portion 37 in the gas flow direction 18 and the inner peripheral surface of the passage 11, and all the gasified gas that has passed through the cooling device 20 passes through the spray water spraying portion 37. . The spray water spray unit 37 is connected to the high pressure water supply device 36, and high pressure water is supplied from the inlet 38, and this high pressure water is sprayed as spray water by a spray nozzle and sprayed on medium temperature gasification gas to generate steam In a steam-rich state. The water spray device 35 sprays spray water uniformly from the downstream side from the spray water spray unit 37 toward the medium temperature gasification gas flowing through the passage 11 in the downstream direction through the cooling device 20. . The water spray device 35 may spray the spray water from the spray water spray unit 37 evenly in the substantially horizontal direction from the upstream side to the medium temperature gasification gas flowing in the downstream direction in the passage 11.

  The medium temperature gasification gas that has passed through the cooling device 20 is sprayed with spray water by the water spray device 35, is slightly cooled and becomes a water vapor rich gasification gas containing a large amount of water vapor, and becomes a cooling condenser 40 To flow. The configuration of the second embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment except that the water spraying device 30 is replaced with a water spraying device 35.

5. Effects of Second Embodiment According to the second embodiment, not the soft treated water but, for example, ordinary tap water can be used as the spray water sprayed to the medium temperature gasification gas by the water spray device 35 Because it is economically advantageous.

6. Configuration of Third Embodiment As shown in FIG. 4, the third embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that a vertical, rather than horizontal, cylindrical passage 81 is formed in the apparatus main body 80. The difference will be mainly described, and the same components as those in the first embodiment will be denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

  The gasification gas cooling and tar removing device 8 according to the third embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, includes a device body 80, a cooling device 20 for cooling high temperature gasification gas to medium temperature, and gas cooled to medium temperature. Water spray device 30, which contains water vapor in the liquefaction gas, cools the gasification gas containing water vapor to a low temperature, condenses tar and water vapor, and falls into the tar 16 of tar and water stored in the storage unit 14 Cooling condenser 45, eliminator 50 for collecting residual tar and water carried over to the gasification gas that has passed through cooling condenser 45, liquid surface 17 of turbid liquid 16 stored in storage section 14 at a predetermined position And a gas cooling / cooling heat recovery circuit 70 for cooling the gasification gas and recovering the cooling heat.

  The apparatus main body 80 is a housing in which a vertically long passage 81 is formed inside and the outer periphery is covered with a heat insulating material. At the upper end face of the passage 81, an inflow port 82 into which the high temperature gasification gas flows from the gasification furnace 2 is formed. In the apparatus main body 80, a horizontal cylindrical outlet side passage 84 is formed by bending a lower end portion of the vertical cylindrical passage 81. An outlet 83 is formed on the end face of the outlet-side passage 84 of the apparatus main body 80. The passage 81 guides the gasification gas flowing from the inlet 82 to flow toward the outlet 83 in the gas flow direction 88. On both surfaces of the lower end surface of the passage 81 which is the lower plate of the apparatus main body 80 and the bottom surface of the outlet-side passage 84, a concave storage portion 14 for storing the turbid liquid 16 mixed with condensed water and tar is formed. Has been. A drain hole 15 for discharging the turbid liquid 16 is formed in the lower part of the storage part 14. The bottom surface of the reservoir 14 is inclined so that the drain hole 15 is at a low level.

  The cooling device 20, the water spraying device 30, the cooling condensing device 45, the eliminator 50, the liquid level holding device 60 and the gas cooling / cooling heat recovery circuit 70 have the same configuration and functions as those of the first embodiment. The differences with the one embodiment are described below. The cooling device 20, the water spraying device 30, and the cooling condensing device 45 are provided in the vertical cylindrical passage 81 in the same manner as in the first embodiment.

  The water spray device 30 passes the cooling device 20 and flows the steam in the passage 81 in the downstream direction toward the medium-temperature gasification gas uniformly from the downstream side to the steam at the spray temperature substantially vertically upward. Spray from. Note that the water spray device 30 sprays the steam at the spray temperature from the steam spray unit 31 equally evenly from the upstream side to the medium temperature gasification gas flowing downstream in the passage 11 from the upstream side. Good. The cooling condensing device 45 is disposed above the storage unit 16, and there is no gap between the inner peripheral surface of the vertical cylindrical passage 81 and the outer peripheral surface of the cooling condensing device 45 in the gas flow direction 88. All gasification gases that have passed through the applicator 30 pass through the cooling condenser 45. Therefore, unlike the first embodiment, the lower end surface of the cooling condenser 45 is not positioned below the liquid surface 17 of the turbid liquid 16. The inlet 47 of the cooling condensing coil 46 of the cooling condenser 45 is connected to the water supply device 71 via a pipe 72, the outlet 48 is connected to the inlet 32 of the water spraying device 30 via a pipe 73 and the cooling device 20. The inlet 22 is connected via a pipe 74.

  The eliminator 50 is provided on the outlet 83 side above the reservoir 16 in the outlet side passage 84 of the apparatus main body 80 so that the gasified gas that has passed through the cooling condenser 45 passes. The lower end surface of the eliminator 50 is located below the liquid surface 17 of the turbid liquid 16 stored in the storage unit 14. As a result, there is no gap between the inner peripheral surface of the area defined by the inner peripheral surface excluding the lower surface of the outlet-side passage 84 and the liquid surface 17 and the outer peripheral surface of the eliminator 50 in the gas flow direction. All of the gasification gas that has passed through the device 45 passes through the eliminator 50.

  In the third embodiment, the eliminator 50 is provided downstream of the cooling condenser 45. However, as in the first embodiment, when the eliminator 50 is unnecessary, the eliminator 50 and the outlet side passage 84 are used. There is no need to provide it. In this case, the outlet 83 is provided on the side surface of the lower end of the vertical cylindrical passage 81, and the storage portion 14 is recessed on the bottom surface of the passage 81.

  In the third embodiment, the water spraying device 30 uses another part that is a part of the water vapor flowing out from the cooling condensing coil 46, but as in the case of the first embodiment, the water vapor is inexpensive. This water vapor may be used in the water spraying device 30.

  As in the case of the first embodiment, the liquid level holding device 60 divides the atmospheric chamber 65 in the reservoir 14 so as to surround the drain hole 15 as shown in FIG. The lower end of the partition wall 66 is slightly separated from the bottom surface of the storage portion 14, and the cylindrical body 67 having a height lower than the liquid level 17 by the difference H surrounds the drain hole 15 in the atmospheric chamber 65 and is placed on the bottom surface of the storage portion 14. You may make it the structure set up.

7). Effects of Third Embodiment According to the third embodiment, the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained. Furthermore, since the passage 80 has a vertical cylindrical shape, the installation area of the gasification gas cooling and tar removal device 8 can be reduced.

  1, 8: Gasification gas cooling and tar removing device, 2: Gasification furnace, 10, 80: Device body, 11, 81: Passage, 12, 82: Inlet, 13, 83: Outlet, 14: Reservoir , 15: drain hole, 16: turbidity liquid, 17: liquid level, 18, 88: gas flow direction, 20: cooling device, 21: cooling coil, 22: inlet, 23: outlet, 30, 35: water spraying device , 31: steam spray unit, 32, 38: inlet, 36: high pressure water supply device, 37: spray water spray unit, 40, 45: cooling condenser, 41, 46: cooling condenser coil, 42, 47: inlet , 43, 48: outlet, 50: eliminator, 60: liquid level holding device, 70: gas cooling / cooling heat recovery circuit, 71: water supply device, 75: superheated steam utilization device, 84: outlet side passage

Claims (4)

A gasification gas cooling and tar removal device for cooling the gasification gas and removing tar contained in the gasification gas,
An inlet through which a high-temperature gasified gas flows from a gasification furnace, an outlet through which the gasified gas cooled to a low temperature and from which tar has been removed flows out, and flows from the inlet toward the outlet A horizontal cylindrical passage for guiding the gasified gas to be formed, and a concave shape formed on the bottom surface on the outlet side of the passage for storing condensed water and tar turbid liquid, and discharging the turbid liquid to the lower part An apparatus main body provided with a storage part formed with a drain hole for
A cooling device provided on the inlet side in the passage of the apparatus main body so that the hot gasified gas flowing in from the inlet passes, and cooling the hot gasified gas to an intermediate temperature;
The gasification that is provided on the outlet side in parallel with the cooling device in the passage of the device main body so that the gasified gas cooled to the intermediate temperature by the cooling device passes and is cooled to the intermediate temperature. A water spray apparatus for causing steam to be contained in the gasification gas cooled to the medium temperature by spraying steam or spray water on the gas;
The gasification gas that has passed through the water spraying device is provided on the outlet side alongside the water spraying device in the passage of the device main body, and a lower end surface is provided in the storage portion. The gasification gas located below the liquid level of the stored turbid liquid and containing water vapor is cooled to a low temperature by the water spray device, and the tar and water vapor contained in the gasification gas are condensed. A cooling condensing device that drops and removes the turbid liquid stored in the storage unit;
A liquid level holding device for holding the liquid level of the turbid liquid stored in the storage unit at a predetermined position;
Cooling water supplied from the water supply device is supplied to the inlet of the cooling condensing coil of the cooling condensing device, water vapor flowing out from the outlet of the cooling condensing coil is supplied to the inlet of the cooling coil of the cooling device, A gas cooling / cooling heat recovery circuit for supplying superheated steam flowing out from the outlet to the superheated steam utilization device;
A gasification gas cooling and tar removal device comprising:   The gasification gas that has passed through the cooling condensing device is provided on the outlet side in parallel with the cooling condensing device in the passage of the device main body, and a lower end surface is stored in the storage portion. Further, the remaining tar and water are collected and retained in the gasification gas, which is located below the liquid level of the turbid liquid and removed from the tar and water vapor by the cooling condenser. The gasification gas cooling and tar removal apparatus of Claim 1 provided with the eliminator dropped in the said turbid liquid made. A gasification gas cooling and tar removing device for cooling gasification gas and removing tar contained in the gasification gas, comprising:
Flow from the gasification furnace to the inlet through which the high temperature gasification gas flows, the outlet from which the gasification gas which has been cooled to low temperature and from which tar is removed flows out, and from the inlet to the outlet Vertical tubular passage for guiding the gasified gas, and a bottom surface on the outlet side of the passage to be concave for storing condensed water and tar turbid liquid, and discharging the turbid solution to the lower part An apparatus main body provided with a storage portion in which a drain hole for
A cooling device provided on the inlet side in the passage of the apparatus main body so that the hot gasified gas flowing in from the inlet passes, and cooling the hot gasified gas to an intermediate temperature;
The gasification that is provided on the outlet side in parallel with the cooling device in the passage of the device main body so that the gasified gas cooled to the intermediate temperature by the cooling device passes and is cooled to the intermediate temperature. A water spray device for spraying water vapor or spray water on a gas to contain water vapor in the gasified gas cooled to the intermediate temperature;
It is provided on the outlet side along with the water sprayer in the passage of the device main body so that the gasification gas which has passed the water sprayer passes through, and the water vapor is removed by the water sprayer. A cooling condensing device that cools the contained gasification gas to a low temperature, condenses the tar and water vapor contained in the gasification gas, drops them to the storage section, and removes them.
A liquid level holding device for holding the liquid level of the turbid liquid stored in the storage section at a predetermined position;
Cooling water supplied from a water supply apparatus is supplied to the inlet of the cooling condenser coil of the cooling condenser, steam flowing out from the outlet of the cooling condenser coil is supplied to the inlet of the cooling coil of the cooling apparatus, A gas cooling / cooling heat recovery circuit for supplying the superheated steam utilization apparatus with the superheated steam flowing out from the outlet;
Gasification gas cooling and tar removal device comprising: The lower end of the vertical cylindrical passage is bent at the outlet side to form a horizontal cylindrical outlet side passage in the apparatus body, the outlet is in the apparatus body, and the outlet side passage is Formed at the end,
A liquid of the turbid liquid which is provided on the upstream side of the outlet in the outlet side passage and has a lower end surface stored in the storage portion so that the gasification gas which has passed through the cooling condenser passes through. It is located below the surface and carried over to the gasification gas from which the tar and water vapor have been removed by the cooling condenser, and the residual tar and water are collected and stored in the turbid liquid stored in the reservoir. The gasification gas cooling and tar removing device according to claim 3, further comprising:

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