KR20100120915A - Apparatus and method for condensing steam in turbine power generation system - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A steam condensing apparatus for a turbine power generation system and a method thereof are provided to reduce manufacture and maintenance cost of a condenser by the removal of a tube inside the condenser. CONSTITUTION: A steam condensing apparatus for a turbine power generation system comprises an inflow unit(318), a contact unit, a spraying unit(308), and a collecting unit(316). The inflow unit evenly lets steam, discharged from a turbine, into a housing which has the shape of a vertical cylinder. The contact unit is located on the top of the inflow unit inside the housing. The spraying unit is positioned on the top of the contact unit. The spraying unit sprays condensed water. The collecting unit is located on the lower part of the inflow unit.

Description

Apparatus and method for condensing steam in turbine power generation system

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a power generation system, and more particularly, to a steam condensation apparatus and method for condensing steam discharged after operating a turbine for power generation in a turbine power generation system, which can be implemented at low cost with a simple structure, and increases power generation efficiency. will be.

Generally, generators include a hydroelectric generator that generates power using a drop of water and a thermal generator that generates power using heat. Among them, thermal power generators are a kind of equipment that converts thermal energy from combustion of fuel such as oil, coal, and gas into mechanical energy, and rotates the generator again into electrical energy. Writing development is called energy development. This energy generation converts the heat energy obtained by burning fuel into water in a boiler and converts it into steam of high temperature and high pressure, which is directed to a steam turbine and expands therein, giving the turbine blades a rotational force, which is mechanical energy. Is converted to. Steam expands to low temperature and low pressure after expansion and condenses into water in the condenser, and the condensed water is pumped back into the boiler at high pressure, so water circulates between the boiler and the turbine to absorb and release heat. It constitutes a thermal cycle that performs.

In addition, in the modern industrial society, the mainstream of the energy supply and demand system is to burn petroleum with air to obtain thermal energy primarily, and then convert it into various energy such as steam, power, power, and light, and use the energy conversion process. Among these, the power generation process which produces electric power by a steam turbine is the main axis. Steam is oil. In particular, in recent years, combustibles such as various wastes are produced as heat burned by air in a boiler, and the heat produced by the boiler is also used for heating hot water drying as it is, but it is most convenient in a generator after converting it to power (rotary power) in a steam turbine. It is converted to power energy and utilized. That is, combustible fuel is combusted with air to convert water into high-pressure-high temperature steam in a boiler, steam as a working fluid, producing rotational power via a turbine, and returning steam to condenser and condensate recovery. Electric power is generated through a circulating process of returning the pump to the boiler, which is now widely used in almost all power generation systems.

The turbine that rotates the generator is operated by steam, and after the turbine is operated, the steam output from the turbine is cooled and condensed to increase the power generation output. Therefore, the condenser for cooling-condensing the steam discharged from the turbine is a key device that plays an important role in the power generation system. In other words, the power produced by the turbine is proportional to the difference in the heat content of the steam flowing into and out of the turbine and the power generation efficiency. When the same steam is introduced, the lower the heat content of the steam being discharged, In other words, the lower the cooling temperature in the condenser, the higher the amount of power produced. In other words, the condenser temperature of the condenser in the power generation system plays an important role, which is directly related to the increase and decrease of the amount of power generation.

Currently, the technology for cooling-condensing steam in a power generation system is mainly indirect-contact cooling using a tube-shell type heat exchanger in a condenser. The indirect-contact cooling system uses a cooling water cooled by air in a separate cooling tower, or a large amount of one-time commercial river water or sea water as cooling water, while circulating the cooling water on the tube side of the tube-shell condenser, the turbine. The steam discharged from is injected into the shell side of the tube-shell condenser to cool-condensate the steam.

However, in the indirect-contact cooling method, since a plurality of tubes for indirectly cooling steam with the coolant in the condenser must be implemented, the maintenance cost of the condenser increases due to the manufacturing cost of the condenser and corrosion-contamination of the coolant side by the coolant. As a result, there is a problem that a high cost is required for the production and maintenance of the condenser. In addition, in the indirect-contact cooling system, the temperature of the indirect cooling is increased due to the difference in temperature between the cooling medium due to the indirect cooling, that is, the temperature difference between the hot air (vapor condensate) and the cold air (cooling water), resulting in a cooling-condensing efficiency. There is a problem that is lowered and consequently lowers the power output.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus and method for condensing steam discharged after operating a turbine in a power generation system.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a vapor condensing apparatus and method for reducing the manufacturing and maintenance costs of the condenser by removing the tubes in the condenser condensing steam in the power generation system.

In addition, another object of the present invention is to provide a steam condensation apparatus and method for improving the power generation efficiency by increasing the cooling-condensation efficiency by direct contact condensation of steam discharged after operating the turbine in the power generation system.

The apparatus of the present invention for achieving the above objects, the inlet portion evenly introduced into the vapor discharged from the turbine through the inlet into the vertical cylindrical housing, the lower portion in the housing; A contact portion positioned above the inflow portion of the housing and providing a surface area in which the steam is positioned above the inflow portion to provide a surface area contacting the steam and the cooled condensate; An injection unit positioned above the contact unit in the housing and injecting the cooled condensed water from the upper part of the contact unit such that the vapor condenses in a direct-contact condensation method; And an aggregation unit located below the inlet of the housing and condensing condensed water generated by condensation of the vapor at the bottom of the housing.

In addition, the apparatus of the present invention further includes a direct contact cooling unit positioned above the injection unit in the housing and configured to condense and recover the vapor discharged with the inert gas at the top of the housing. , Fill-contact condensation, porous plate spray-contact condensation, and simple spray-contact condensation.

Here, in the case of the filling-contact condensation method, the contact portion may be a filling layer portion for laminating fillings such as a lash ring or a falling ring, and the spraying portion may form the cooled condensed water on the surface of the filling layer portion. Spray directly on.

Further, in the porous plate spray-contact condensation method, the contact portion is a sieve tray in which 2-6 stage circular and donut-shaped porous plates are alternately installed, and the spray portion receives the cooled condensed water. Spray directly onto the sheave tray surface.

In addition, in the simple injection-contact condensation method, the contact portion has a multi-layer structure such that the vapor is formed by forming a plurality of layers, and the injection portion is cooled through the respective injection portions corresponding to each layer of the contact portion. One condensate is sprayed directly onto the contact surface.

The method of the present invention for achieving the above objects comprises the steps of: uniformly introducing steam discharged from the turbine into the housing of the vertical cylindrical; Placing the introduced steam in a predetermined space inside the housing such that the surface area in contact with the cooled condensate is maximized; Condensing the steam by direct-contact condensation by spraying the cooled condensed water into a predetermined space in which the steam is located; And aggregating the generated condensed water such that the condensed water generated by condensation of the steam is cooled in a cooling tower to form the cooled condensed water.

The method further includes condensing and recovering vapor discharged with the inert gas at the top of the housing, wherein the direct-contact condensation method includes a fill-contact condensation method and a porous plate injection-contact method. One of the condensation method and the simple injection-contact condensation method.

Here, in the case of the filling-contact condensation method, the introduced steam is placed in a packed layer in which fills, such as a rash ring or a falling ring, are stacked, and the cooled condensed water is placed on the surface of the packed layer. Spray directly.

Further, in the porous plate spray-contact condensation method, the introduced steam is placed in a sieve tray having alternating 2-6 stage circular and donut type porous plates, and the cooled condensate is Spray directly onto the sheave tray surface.

In addition, in the simple injection-contact condensation method, the inlet steam is positioned in a multilayer structure so that the steam forms a plurality of layers, and the cooled condensed water is directly sprayed for each layer.

According to the present invention, by directly condensing the steam discharged after operating the turbine in the power generation system, the cooling-condensation efficiency of the steam can be increased, the condensation temperature can be lowered, and the condensation pressure is lowered. The efficiency can be improved. In addition, the present invention, there is no tube in the condenser condensing steam, by directly injecting the cooled condensate to condense the steam, simplifying the structure of the condenser while reducing the manufacturing and maintenance cost of the condenser, accordingly The economic benefit of the system can be further improved.

In addition, the present invention, by using a good condensate instead of the cooling water as a cooling medium for cooling-condensing the steam, it is possible to solve the operating obstacles such as contamination, corrosion of the condenser due to the cooling water to reduce the maintenance cost. In addition, the present invention, by increasing the condensate temperature difference entering and exiting the cooling tower to cool the condensate, the circulation flow rate of the cooling medium is reduced at the same cooling load can reduce the piping facility cost, and at the same time can reduce the power consumption of the circulation pump have.

In addition, the present invention, since the inert gas (air) to be discharged from the condenser after cooling-condensing the steam is collected on the top of the vertical condenser, it is possible to reduce the amount of steam discharged with the air, By applying a vacuum pump that is simpler than the conventional method using a large number of steam ejectors, it is possible to reduce the facility cost and operating cost required for the power generation system, and to simplify the structure of the power generation system, thereby reducing the installation area of the power generation system and shortening the air. Indirect effects such as these can also be obtained.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. It should be noted that in the following description, only parts necessary for understanding the operation according to the present invention will be described, and descriptions of other parts will be omitted so as not to distract from the gist of the present invention.

The present invention proposes a condensation apparatus and method for cooling-condensing steam discharged from a turbine operated by steam in a power generation system. In an embodiment of the present invention, the condensate condensed with steam in a separate cooling tower, rather than an indirect cooling method in which a tube-shell type heat exchanger is applied to a condenser condensing steam discharged from a turbine. The cooling system is then cooled and condensed directly to the steam discharged from the turbine without direct contact with the tube, thereby applying a direct-contact condensation method to improve the economic efficiency of the entire power generation system.

Here, in the power generation system according to the embodiment of the present invention, the condenser cools and condenses the steam discharged from the turbine to a low temperature after operating the turbine to return the condensate to the boiler. At this time, the present invention, by applying the direct-contact cooling method, rather than the typical horizontal tube-shell type indirect cooling method to the condenser, high production cost and maintenance-maintenance cost of the condenser, power generation due to lower heat transfer capacity by indirect cooling All of the disadvantages, such as reduced power and the complexity of the ejector system for the release of inert gas (air), which is mixed with steam, which is a barrier to heat exchange, can be solved. That is, the present invention provides a horizontal tube-shell indirect-by applying a direct-contact condensation method of directly condensing the condensate by direct injection-contact with steam to a vertical cylindrical housing having a simple structure having no tube inside. Eliminates all the disadvantages of condensers with cooling. Here, the power generation system to which the horizontal tube-shell indirect cooling is applied to the condenser will be described with reference to FIG. 1.

1 is a view schematically illustrating the structure of a conventional power generation system in which a condenser is applied with a horizontal tube-shell indirect cooling method.

Referring to FIG. 1, a power generation system in which a horizontal tube-shell indirect cooling system is applied to a condenser may include a boiler 102 for discharging steam at a high temperature and a high pressure, and controlling a supply pressure of steam discharged from the boiler 102. Supply pressure controller 104, the turbine 108 that is rotated by the steam, the rotation controller 106 for controlling the number of revolutions of the turbine 108, the rotational kinetic energy of the turbine 108 is converted into electrical energy To operate the generator 110, the turbine 108, and the condenser 112 to cool and condense steam discharged from the turbine 108, and the air accumulated in the upper portion of the condenser 112. The ejector 114 for discharging to the outside, the condensate controller 120 for discharging the condensed water cooled and condensed by the condenser 112 to the boiler water treatment tank, the cooling water for cooling the steam introduced into the condenser 112 Cooling provided to condenser 112 116, a cooling tower controller 119 for controlling the cooling water level of the cooling tower 116, a cooling water circulation pump 118 for delivering cooling water to the condenser 112, and the cooling tower (116). Here, as the condenser 112 is a horizontal tube-shell indirect cooling method as described above, a plurality of tubes 122 are implemented therein. Next, the structure of the power generation system according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. 2.

2 is a view schematically showing the structure of a power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention. 2 is a view schematically illustrating a structure of a power generation system to which a direct-contact condensation method is applied to a condenser.

Referring to FIG. 2, a power generation system in which a direct-contact condensation method is applied to a condenser includes a boiler 202 for discharging steam at high temperature and high pressure, and a supply pressure controller for controlling a supply pressure of steam discharged from the boiler 202. 204, a turbine 208 rotating by the steam, a rotation controller 206 for controlling the rotation speed of the turbine 208, and converting rotational kinetic energy of the turbine 208 into electrical energy to produce electric power. After operating the generator 210, the turbine 208, the condenser 212 for cooling and condensing the steam discharged from the turbine 208, to discharge the air accumulated in the upper portion of the condenser 212 to the outside A vacuum pump 214, a condensate controller 220 for discharging the condensed water cooled and condensed by the condenser 212 to the boiler water treatment tank, and cooling-condensed steam introduced into the condenser 212 with the cooling-condensed water. To cool the elevated condensate separately And a cooling tower 216, the tower 216 to tower controller 219 that controls the water level of the cooling water pump 218, and the cooling tower 216, which by feeding the condensed water. Here, the condenser 212 is a spray unit for directly injecting the cooled condensed water provided by the cooling tower 216 to a predetermined space where the steam is located, as the direct-contact condensation method is applied as described above, and steam And contacts for cooling-condensing the cooled condensate into direct contact are realized.

In the embodiment of the present invention, three direct-contact condensation schemes are proposed, and a contact portion and an injection portion are implemented in the condenser 212 according to the proposed three direct-contact condensation schemes. The three direct-contact condensation methods according to the embodiment of the present invention are a fill-contact condensation method, a porous plate injection-contact condensation method, and a simple injection-contact condensation method. Next, the filling-contact condensation method applied to the condenser 212 of the power generation system according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 3.

3 is a view schematically illustrating a condenser to which a fill-contact condensation method is applied in a power generation system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 3, in the condenser 212 to which the filling-contact condensation method is applied, an aggregation part 316 is located at a lowermost part of the condenser 212 implemented as a housing of a vertical cylinder, and a condensed condensed water is collected. In the upper part of the assembly part 316, an inlet part 318 is disposed so that steam discharged from the turbine 208 is uniformly introduced into the condenser 212 through the inlet pipe 302, and the inlet part 318 is located. The upper portion of the) includes a filling layer 304 for laminating fillings such as Rashing Ring or Falling Ring so as to provide the maximum surface area contacting the steam and the cooled condensate. Here, the packed layer 304 is a contact portion for cooling-condensing the steam and the cooled condensed water in direct contact.

In addition, the condenser 212 is provided with an injection portion (Sparge) 308 for directly injecting the condensed water cooled in the filling layer portion 304 evenly on the filling layer portion 304, the injection portion ( At the top of 308, a small amount of cooling to condense and recover the entrained vapors as they pass through a small amount of filler in a smaller diameter cylinder immediately before the inert gas (air), which cannot condense, is sucked out of the vacuum pump 214 And another small direct contact cooler 320 for spraying one condensate into the packed bed 304.

The steam flowing into the lower portion of the condenser 212 to which the filling-contact condensation method is applied is located in the filling layer portion 304 while rising to the upper portion, wherein the injection portion 308 is disposed on the upper portion of the filling layer portion 304. Cooled and condensed rapidly by contacting the cooled condensate flowing by spraying on the surface of the large packed layer portion 304 wet with the condensed water. In addition, the condensate is raised to a predetermined temperature by the amount of heat corresponding to the steam condensation heat and flows down to the pool 316, and the inert gas (air), which cannot condense, continuously rises to the top of the condenser 212. Another small direct contact cooling unit 320 located in the condensate cooled in contact with almost all of the residual vapors that rise with the condensation, the remaining inert gas is sucked by the vacuum pump 214 is discharged to the atmosphere.

Here, the total injection amount of the cooled condensate injected from the cooling tower 216 to the condenser 212 is a quantity such that the temperature rise of the condensate by the heat of steam condensation in contact with the steam is in the range of 10-20 ° C. Top diameter of the inlet port implemented in the inlet 318 at 212 is the incoming steam velocity of 3-5 m / sec. And the packing amount of the packing layer portion 304 is in the range of 2 to 4 m2 per ton of condensate injected into the filling layer, and the capacity of the vacuum pump to suck-out non-condensable air is injected. It is preferred to be in the range of 0.015-0.030 Nm ³ per tonne of condensate.

The condensate collected in the collection unit 316 of the condenser 212 is cooled by air through the cooling discharge pipe 314 by the pump 312 so as to cool and circulate back to the upper portion of the condenser 212. 216, the surplus condensate generated by steam condensation is returned to the boiler water treatment tank through the feed water pipe 310 by the condensate controller 220. Here, the power generation system according to the embodiment of the present invention does not require a separate condensate return pump required by the power generation system described with reference to FIG. 1.

In addition, the condensed water having a temperature rise by cooling-condensing-absorbing steam in the condenser 212 is cooled by air in the cooling tower 216 for cooling and reuse. Here, the cooling tower 216 may be a general-purpose cooling tower for cooling commonly used cooling water, and the cooling tower 216 cools condensed water having good water quality instead of general cooling water, and condensed water cooled in the cooling tower 216. Is delivered to the injection unit 308 through the cooling inlet pipe 306, the injection unit 308 sprays the cooled condensed water in the condenser 212 to cool-condensing the steam. Next, the porous plate injection-contact condensation method applied to the condenser 212 of the power generation system according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 4.

4 is a view schematically illustrating a condenser to which a porous plate injection-contact condensation method is applied in a power generation system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 4, the condenser 212 to which the porous plate injection-contact condensation method is applied is a condenser 212 formed at a lower portion of the condenser 212 implemented as a housing of a vertical cylinder. Is located, the inlet 418 is located in the upper portion of the collection unit 416 to allow the steam discharged from the turbine 208 evenly in the lower portion of the condenser 212 through the inlet pipe 402, the inlet The upper portion of the portion 418 includes a sieve tray 404 alternately provided with 2-6 round and donut-shaped porous plates. Here, the sheave tray 404 is a contact portion for cooling-condensing the vapor and the cooled condensed water by direct contact. In addition, the sieve tray 404 disperses and drops the cooled condensed water injected from the injection unit 408 evenly in all the spaces inside the condenser 212 while the rising steam moves from side to side between the porous plates to remove condensate droplets. Contact-cooling-condensation at large surface areas. The porous plate injection-contact condensation method is the same as the filling-contact condensation method described in FIG. 3 in principle and function, but the contact area between the steam and the cooled condensate is increased to improve the cooling-condensation efficiency of the steam and the condenser. The structure of 212 becomes simpler.

The condenser 212 is provided with an injection unit 408 for evenly injecting condensed water cooled in the sieve tray 404 on the sieve tray 404, and an upper portion of the injection unit 408. Immediately before the inert gas (air), which cannot condense, is sucked out of the vacuum pump 214, a small amount of cooled condensate is passed through the small amount of cylinder in a small diameter cylinder to maximize condensation-recovery of the accompanying vapors. Another small direct contact cooler 420 that sprays 404.

The steam flowing into the lower portion of the condenser 212 to which the porous plate injection-contact condensation method is applied is located in the sheave tray 404 while rising upward, and the injection portion 408 is disposed above the sheave tray 404. ) Is rapidly cooled and condensed while in contact with the large surface area of the cooled condensate droplets that are sprayed down. In addition, the condensate is raised to a predetermined temperature by the amount of heat corresponding to the steam condensation heat and flows down to accumulate in the collecting unit 416. The inert gas (air), which cannot condense, continues to rise to the upper portion of the condenser 212. In the small direct contact cooling unit 420, almost all residual vapors rising together in contact with the condensed water cooled are condensed, and the remaining inert gas is sucked by the vacuum pump 214 and discharged to the atmosphere.

Here, the total amount of cooled condensate injected into the condenser 212 is a quantity of water so as to be in contact with the steam so that the temperature rise of the condensed water by the steam condensation heat is in the range of 10-20 ° C., and the inlet portion of the condenser 212 Tower diameter of the inlet port implemented in (418) has an incoming steam velocity of 3-5 m / sec. The size of the hole of the sieve tray 404 is about 2-5 mm, the density of the hole is 5000-7000 per 1 m ² of the tray, and the height of the water accumulated on the sieve tray 404 is 5 The capacity of the vacuum pump to intake and discharge the non-condensable air, in the range of -15 cm, is preferably in the range of 0.015-0.030 Nm ³ per ton of condensate to be injected.

The condensate collected in the collection unit 416 of the condenser 212 is cooled by air through the cooling discharge pipe 414 by the pump 412 to cool and circulate back to the upper portion of the condenser 212. At 216, excess condensate generated by steam condensation is returned to the boiler water treatment tank through the supply water pipe 410 by the condensate controller 220. In addition, the condensed water having a temperature rise by cooling-condensing-absorbing steam in the condenser 212 is cooled by air in the cooling tower 216 for cooling and reuse. The condensed water cooled in the cooling tower 216 is delivered to the injection unit 408 through the cooling inlet pipe 406, and the injection unit 408 injects the cooled condensate into the condenser 212 to supply steam. Cool-condensate. Then, with reference to Figure 5 will be described in detail a simple injection-contact condensation scheme applied to the condenser 212 of the power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

5 is a view schematically showing a condenser to which a simple spray-contact condensation method is applied in a power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 5, the condenser 212 to which the simple spray-contact condensation method is applied is a condenser condensed water condensed at the bottom of the condenser 212 formed of a vertical cylindrical housing. Located in the upper portion of the collection unit 524 is an inlet 526 to allow the steam discharged from the turbine 208 evenly flows into the lower portion of the condenser 212 through the inlet pipe 502, the inlet An upper portion of 526 includes contacts 504, 506, and 508 having a multi-layer structure for cooling and condensing the cooled condensate into fine droplets in a direct-contact manner with rising vapor. And a spraying unit (512, 514, 516) for injecting the cooled condensate into cooling-condensation by direct contact with steam.

In addition, the condenser 212 may include a small amount of filling in a cylinder having a small diameter just before the inert gas (air), which cannot condense, is sucked out of the vacuum pump 214 on the contact portions 504, 506, and 508 of the multilayer structure. Another small direct contact cooler 528 is provided that sprays a small amount of cooled condensate into the packing bed to maximize condensation-recovery of the accompanying vapors as it exits the bed. Here, the simple injection-contact condensation method is the same in principle and function as the porous plate injection-contact condensation method and the filling-contact condensation method, and compared with the porous plate injection-contact condensation method and the filling-contact condensation method. Condenser 212 is implemented in a simpler structure.

Steam entering the lower portion of the condenser 212 to which this simple spray-contact condensation is applied is directed to direct condensation on a large surface of cooled condensate droplets sprayed from the multi-layered contacts 504, 506, and 508 as they rise upwards. Rapid cooling-condensation flows down with water droplets. In addition, the condensate is raised to a predetermined temperature by the amount of heat corresponding to the steam condensation heat and flows down to collect in the collecting unit 524. The inert gas (air), which cannot condense, continues to rise to the upper portion of the condenser 212. Another small direct contact cooler 528 condenses almost all of the residual vapor that rises in contact with the cooled condensate, and the remaining inert gas is sucked by the vacuum pump 214 and discharged to the atmosphere.

Here, the total amount of cooled condensate injected into the condenser 212 is a quantity of water so as to be in contact with the steam so that the temperature rise of the condensed water by the steam condensation heat is in the range of 10-20 ° C., and the inlet portion of the condenser 212 The tower diameter of the inlet port implemented in (526) has an incoming steam velocity of 3-5 m / sec. Injectors 512, 514, 516 to cool the condensate cooled to the multi-layered contacts 504, 506, 508 at a speed of 1-3 m / sec. In the condenser 212 is arranged in a multi-layer structure so as to be evenly sprayed in the entire space.

The condensate collected in the collection unit 416 of the condenser 212 is cooled by air through the cooling discharge pipe 522 by the pump 520 to cool and circulate back to the upper portion of the condenser 212. At 216, excess condensate generated by steam condensation is returned to the boiler water treatment tank through the feed water pipe 518 by the condensate controller 220. The condensed water cooled by the cooling tower 216 is injected through the cooling inlet pipes 510 to the contact portions 504, 506 and 508 of the multilayer structure through the injection parts 512, 514 and 516.

As described above, the three direct-contact cooling methods, namely, the filling-contact condensation method, the perforated plate injection-contact condensation method, and the simple injection-contact condensation method, are not suitable for the processing capacity and installation location of the condenser 212. Depending on synthesis, etc., it is optionally implemented in condenser 212. In addition to the three direct-contact cooling methods described above, the chopper 212 according to the present invention sprays the cooled condensate to allow the steam to be contacted evenly at the surface area of a large drop of water for a suitable time to cool the steam. Various methods may be selectively applied.

That is, in the condenser 212 according to the present invention, when the steam is lower than the temperature and contacts the same condensate, the steam condenses easily and provides the heat of condensation to the condensate, and the steam has a low vapor pressure due to the rapid decrease of the volume. And the increase in the differential pressure in the turbine increases the power output. In this case, the lower steam pressure, that is, the lower condensate temperature after condensation, is determined by the temperature, flow rate, heat transfer coefficient, heat transfer area, and the like of the injected cooled condensate, and under the same conditions, compared with the condenser 112 to which the tube-shell type is applied. In this case, the heat transfer coefficient and heat transfer area are increased to lower the condensation temperature, and consequently to increase the power generation output. 6 and 7, the condensation temperature of the steam in the condenser 212 of the power generation system according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.

6 and 7 illustrate changes in temperature of steam in a condenser of a power generation system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 6, the steam at 60 ° C. flowing through the inlet pipe 602 on the condenser 112 to which the tube-shell indirect contact cooling method is applied is 40 ° C. introduced to the cooling water inlet pipe 608. By indirect-contact cooling by the cooled condensate, the steam becomes condensed water at 55 ° C. and discharged through the discharge pipe 606, and the cooled condensate is heated to 50 ° C. and discharged through the discharge pipe 610 to the upper portion of the cooling tower 612. do. Subsequently, the cooled condensed water at 50 ° C. flowing into the upper part of the cooling tower 612 is contacted at the surface of the packing load layer with 25 ° C. air rising from the lower part of the cooling tower 612, cooled to 40 ° C., and then discharged. The temperature is raised to about 40 ° C and a portion of the cooled condensate is released to the atmosphere with the vaporized vapor.

Meanwhile, referring to FIG. 7, condensed water cooled to 40 ° C. flowing through the inlet pipe 702 through the inlet pipe 708 from the lower part of the condenser to which the direct-contact cooling method is applied without the tube is introduced to the upper part of the condenser. After cooling-condensing in direct-contact with the condensate, the condensate is heated to 55 ° C. at the bottom of the condenser, and is transferred to the upper portion of the condensate cooling tower 712 via the discharge pipe 706. Subsequently, 55 ° C. condensed water flowing into the top of the cooling tower 712 is contacted at 25 ° C. air rising from the bottom of the cooling tower and cooled at 40 ° C. and discharged, and the air is heated to about 45 ° C. at the top. Part of the condensate is released to the atmosphere with the vapors evaporated.

In contrast to FIG. 6, which is the indirect-contact cooling method, and FIG. 7, which is the direct-contact cooling method, the condenser temperature is lowered by 5 ° C. from 60 ° C. to 55 ° C., and the inflow and outflow temperature difference of the cooling medium is 50-40 = 10. It can be seen that the increase from 55 ℃ to 15 ℃ ℃, it is possible to obtain the effect that the power generation output is increased by the temperature drop of the condenser, and the flow rate circulating the cooling medium by increasing the temperature difference of the inflow and outflow of the cooling medium It is possible to obtain the effect of reducing the power consumption of the pump for conveying it. Next, an operation process of the power generation system according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 8.

8 is a view schematically illustrating an operation process of a power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 8, in step S810, the power generation system delivers the hot compressed steam discharged from the boiler to the turbine and operates the turbine to rotate by the steam. Then, in step S820, the high-temperature steam operated by the turbine is discharged from the turbine, and the discharged steam is introduced into the condenser.

Next, the condenser to condense the steam in a predetermined manner in step S830. Here, the predetermined manner in which the condenser condenses the vapor may be another method as well as the above-described filling-contact condensation method, porous plate injection-contact condensation method, and simple injection-contact condensation method as direct-contact condensation method. Can be. In operation S840, the condensed water generated during steam cooling-condensation of the condenser is discharged to the outside.

On the other hand, in the detailed description of the present invention has been described with respect to specific embodiments, various modifications are possible without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be limited to the described embodiments, but should be defined not only by the scope of the following claims, but also by the equivalents of the claims.

1 is a view schematically showing the structure of a conventional power generation system in which a condenser is applied with a horizontal tube-shell indirect contact cooling method.

2 is a view schematically showing a structure of a power generation system to which a direct-contact cooling method according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied.

3 is a view schematically showing a condenser to which a fill-contact condensation method is applied in a power generation system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a view schematically showing a condenser to which a porous plate injection-contact condensation method is applied in a power generation system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

5 is a view schematically showing a condenser to which a simple spray-contact condensation method is applied in a power generation system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

6 and 7 are views showing a change in the condensation temperature of the steam in the condenser of the power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

8 is a view schematically illustrating an operation process of a power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Claims (12)

A device for condensing steam in a power generation system, An inlet part which inflows the steam discharged from the turbine through the inlet into the vertical cylindrical housing evenly and is located in the lower part of the housing; A contact portion positioned above the inflow portion of the housing and providing a surface area in which the steam is positioned above the inflow portion to provide a surface area contacting the steam and the cooled condensate; An injection unit positioned above the contact unit in the housing and injecting the cooled condensed water from the upper part of the contact unit such that the vapor condenses in a direct-contact condensation method; And Located in the lower portion of the inlet in the housing, the steam condensing apparatus of the turbine power generation system including an aggregate for collecting condensate generated by the condensation of the steam at the bottom of the housing. The method of claim 1, And a direct contact cooling unit positioned above the injector in the housing and condensing and recovering vapor discharged with the inert gas from the uppermost portion of the housing. The method of claim 1, The direct-contact condensation method is a steam condensation apparatus of a turbine power generation system, characterized in that one of the filling-contact condensation method, the porous plate injection-contact condensation method, and the simple injection-contact condensation method. The method of claim 3, wherein the filling-contact condensation method, The contact portion is a filling layer portion for laminating fillings, such as lash ring (fall ring) or falling ring (Pall Ring), the injection portion turbine power generation system characterized in that directly spraying the cooled condensed water to the surface of the filling layer portion Steam condensing unit. The method of claim 3, wherein in the porous plate spray-contact condensation method, The contact portion is a sieve tray in which 2-6 stage circular and donut-shaped porous plates are alternately installed, and the spraying portion directly injects the cooled condensate into the surface of the sieve tray. Steam condensing unit of the power generation system. The method of claim 3, wherein in the simple spray-contact condensation mode, The contact portion has a multi-layered structure in which the vapor is formed by forming a plurality of layers, and the spraying portion injects the cooled condensed water directly onto the contacting surface through respective spraying portions corresponding to each layer of the contacting portion. Steam condensing unit for turbine power generation system. In a method of condensing steam in a power generation system, Evenly injecting steam discharged from the turbine into the vertical cylindrical housing; Placing the introduced steam in a predetermined space inside the housing such that the surface area in contact with the cooled condensate is maximized; Condensing the steam by direct-contact condensation by spraying the cooled condensed water into a predetermined space in which the steam is located; And And condensing the generated condensate such that the condensate generated by the condensation of the steam is cooled in a cooling tower to form the cooled condensate. The method of claim 7, wherein And condensing and recovering steam discharged with the inert gas at the uppermost portion of the housing. The method of claim 7, wherein The direct-contact condensation method is a steam condensation method of a turbine power generation system, characterized in that one of the filling-contact condensation method, the porous plate injection-contact condensation method, and the simple injection-contact condensation method. The method of claim 9, wherein the filling-contact condensation method, The positioning may include placing the introduced steam in a packed layer in which fills, such as a lash ring or fall ring, are stacked, and spraying the cooled condensed water on the surface of the packed layer. Steam condensation method of a turbine power system, characterized in that the injection directly to. The method of claim 9, wherein in the porous plate spray-contact condensation mode, In the positioning step, the introduced steam is placed in a sieve tray in which 2-6 stage circular and donut-shaped porous plates are alternately installed, and the spraying is performed by placing the cooled condensed water into the sieve. Steam condensation method of turbine power generation system, characterized in that the spray directly on the surface of the tray. The method of claim 9, wherein in the simple spray-contact condensation mode, In the positioning step, the inlet steam is located in a multi-layer structure so that the inlet steam forms a plurality of layers, and the spraying step, the cooled condensed water, characterized in that the spray directly to each layer Steam condensation method of power generation system.

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