JP6548739B2 - ラジカル状態において改善した色安定性を有するエレクトロクロミック化合物 - Google Patents
ラジカル状態において改善した色安定性を有するエレクトロクロミック化合物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6548739B2 JP6548739B2 JP2017542397A JP2017542397A JP6548739B2 JP 6548739 B2 JP6548739 B2 JP 6548739B2 JP 2017542397 A JP2017542397 A JP 2017542397A JP 2017542397 A JP2017542397 A JP 2017542397A JP 6548739 B2 JP6548739 B2 JP 6548739B2
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- Prior art keywords
- alkyl
- electrochromic
- aryl
- electrochromic device
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 71
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 161
- -1 siloxyalkyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 128
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 90
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 39
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 39
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 39
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 39
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 26
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000001450 anions Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 10
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical group ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000447 dimerizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910017008 AsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910020366 ClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910018286 SbF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005041 acyloxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 50
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 30
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 17
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 15
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 125000000732 arylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 13
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 12
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 11
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- PCNDJXKNXGMECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenazine Natural products C1=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3N=C21 PCNDJXKNXGMECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- KTWOOEGAPBSYNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrocene Chemical compound [Fe+2].C=1C=C[CH-]C=1.C=1C=C[CH-]C=1 KTWOOEGAPBSYNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 238000002371 ultraviolet--visible spectrum Methods 0.000 description 10
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 125000005599 alkyl carboxylate group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 125000005600 alkyl phosphonate group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000002390 rotary evaporation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 150000003842 bromide salts Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 8
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000011263 electroactive material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 8
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 238000006471 dimerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 7
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical class CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M phosphonate Chemical compound [O-]P(=O)=O UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium docusate Chemical group [Na+].CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- GVTGSIMRZRYNEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,10-dimethylphenazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N(C)C3=CC=CC=C3N(C)C2=C1 GVTGSIMRZRYNEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 6
- SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Dichloroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)Cl SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000001140 1,4-phenylene group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([*:2])=C([H])C([H])=C1[*:1] 0.000 description 5
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 5
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 description 5
- QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005649 metathesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000001971 neopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- XDEQOBPALZZTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octylpyridin-1-ium Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[N+]1=CC=CC=C1 XDEQOBPALZZTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-carbazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3NC2=C1 UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ISKQADXMHQSTHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-(aminomethyl)phenyl]methanamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=C(CN)C=C1 ISKQADXMHQSTHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002484 cyclic voltammetry Methods 0.000 description 4
- BGTOWKSIORTVQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCC1 BGTOWKSIORTVQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 4
- GAEKPEKOJKCEMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-valerolactone Chemical compound CC1CCC(=O)O1 GAEKPEKOJKCEMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000005839 radical cations Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000006176 redox buffer Substances 0.000 description 4
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-O triphenylphosphanium Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1[PH+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 4
- XFGANBYCJWQYBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 11-bromoundecan-1-ol Chemical compound OCCCCCCCCCCCBr XFGANBYCJWQYBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MWVTWFVJZLCBMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-bipyridine Chemical compound C1=NC=CC(C=2C=CN=CC=2)=C1 MWVTWFVJZLCBMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000004181 carboxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 3
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- GRVDJDISBSALJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyloxidanyl Chemical compound [O]C GRVDJDISBSALJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000123 polythiophene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-O pyridinium Chemical group C1=CC=[NH+]C=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910001495 sodium tetrafluoroborate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000003381 solubilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229940124530 sulfonamide Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 150000003456 sulfonamides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000004400 (C1-C12) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- ZXMGHDIOOHOAAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trifluoro-n-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)methanesulfonamide Chemical compound FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ZXMGHDIOOHOAAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VMKOFRJSULQZRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromooctane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCBr VMKOFRJSULQZRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10H-phenothiazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TZMSYXZUNZXBOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10H-phenoxazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC3=CC=CC=C3OC2=C1 TZMSYXZUNZXBOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AHWGWVDOZZYPAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 11-[4-[1-(11-hydroxyundecyl)pyridin-1-ium-4-yl]pyridin-1-ium-1-yl]undecan-1-ol Chemical compound C1=C[N+](CCCCCCCCCCCO)=CC=C1C1=CC=[N+](CCCCCCCCCCCO)C=C1 AHWGWVDOZZYPAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VJVHUDCBGGIHBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,8,8-tetramethyl-5-pyridin-4-ylnonane-3,7-dione Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C(=O)CC(CC(=O)C(C)(C)C)C1=CC=NC=C1 VJVHUDCBGGIHBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YMGZPPPGFHXKCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(6-bromohexyl)cyclopenta-1,3-diene iron(2+) Chemical compound [Fe++].BrCCCCCC[c-]1cccc1.BrCCCCCC[c-]1cccc1 YMGZPPPGFHXKCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GVNVAWHJIKLAGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(cyclohexen-1-yl)cyclohexan-1-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1C1=CCCCC1 GVNVAWHJIKLAGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyethanol Chemical compound CCOCCO ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FPPLREPCQJZDAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpentanedinitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)CCC#N FPPLREPCQJZDAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OMQHDIHZSDEIFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-Acetyldihydro-2(3H)-furanone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1CCOC1=O OMQHDIHZSDEIFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WSGYTJNNHPZFKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxypropanenitrile Chemical compound OCCC#N WSGYTJNNHPZFKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CMJLMPKFQPJDKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylthiolane 1,1-dioxide Chemical compound CC1CCS(=O)(=O)C1 CMJLMPKFQPJDKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GNKZMNRKLCTJAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4'-Methylacetophenone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 GNKZMNRKLCTJAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002674 6-bromohexanoyl group Chemical group BrCCCCCC(=O)* 0.000 description 2
- LPAASEGGXCCUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cc1ccc(cc1)C(=O)CC(CC(=O)c1ccc(C)cc1)c1ccncc1 Chemical compound Cc1ccc(cc1)C(=O)CC(CC(=O)c1ccc(C)cc1)c1ccncc1 LPAASEGGXCCUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 101150065749 Churc1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 229920000858 Cyclodextrin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 2
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XPDWGBQVDMORPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluoroform Chemical compound FC(F)F XPDWGBQVDMORPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)C(C)=O UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GJFROVBYZULHPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N O=CCCCC=O.Br Chemical compound O=CCCCC=O.Br GJFROVBYZULHPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 102100038239 Protein Churchill Human genes 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium group Chemical group [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- VEZXCJBBBCKRPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-propiolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCO1 VEZXCJBBBCKRPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000006165 cyclic alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000582 cycloheptyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- ZTTCLPRVUXKXAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopenta-1,3-diene cyclopenta-2,4-diene-1,2-diol iron(2+) Chemical compound [Fe++].c1cc[cH-]c1.Oc1ccc[c-]1O ZTTCLPRVUXKXAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 2
- ZTOMUSMDRMJOTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N glutaronitrile Chemical compound N#CCCCC#N ZTOMUSMDRMJOTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000007857 hydrazones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009878 intermolecular interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical compound O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002868 norbornyl group Chemical group C12(CCC(CC1)C2)* 0.000 description 2
- 125000000538 pentafluorophenyl group Chemical group FC1=C(F)C(F)=C(*)C(F)=C1F 0.000 description 2
- FNMONQSXVBNVBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentane-1,5-dione Chemical compound O=[C+]CCC[C+]=O FNMONQSXVBNVBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002988 phenazines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229950000688 phenothiazine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 150000002990 phenothiazines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000000843 phenylene group Chemical group C1(=C(C=CC=C1)*)* 0.000 description 2
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O phosphonium Chemical group [PH4+] XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920006264 polyurethane film Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960000380 propiolactone Drugs 0.000 description 2
- BGUWFUQJCDRPTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=NC=C1 BGUWFUQJCDRPTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005361 soda-lime glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOCCOCCOC ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Substances C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000005029 thianthrenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004034 viscosity adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001075 voltammogram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc indium(3+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[Zn++].[In+3] YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms in addition to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/22—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms in addition to the ring nitrogen atom containing two or more pyridine rings directly linked together, e.g. bipyridyl
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- C07F9/553—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
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Description
本出願は、2015年2月11日に出願された米国仮特許出願62/114,791号に対する優先権の利益を主張し、その開示の全体は、任意及びすべての目的のために、その全体が本明細書に参照により組み込まれる。
式Iでは、R1及びR2はそれぞれ、アルキル、シロキシアルキル、ヒドロキシアルキル、アルケニル、またはアラルキルであり、R4、R6、R8、及びR10はそれぞれ、H、OR20、F、Cl、Br、I、CN、NO2、アルキル、またはアリールであり、R3、R5、R7、及びR9はそれぞれ、H、OH、F、Cl、Br、I、CN、NO2、アルキル、またはアリールであり、R20はHまたはアルキルであり、Xはアニオンである。しかし、式(I)は、R3及びR5、またはR7及びR9、またはR3、R5、R7、及びR9がそれぞれ、二級アルキル、三級アルキル、またはアリールであるという条件とする。
であり、R25及びR26はそれぞれ、H、Me、Et、Pr、OMe、OEt、OPr、OC(O)(CH2)nSi(OH)3、OC(O)(CH2)nSi(OMe)3、OC(O)NH(CH2)nSi(OEt)3、OC(O)NH(CH2)nCOOH、OC(O)NH(CH2)nP(O)(OH)2、またはOC(O)NH(CH2)nNCOであり、nは1から12であり、Xはアニオンである。
式(II)において、R11、R12、R13、及びR14はそれぞれ、H、OR20、F、Cl、Br、I、CN、NO2、またはアルキルであ得、R15は、H、OH、F、Cl、Br、I、CN、NO2、−OC(O)NR16R17、アルキル、またはアルコキシであり、R16はHまたはアルキルであり、R20はHまたはアルキルであり、R17はH、アルキルまたはシロキシアルキルである。
式(III)において、R19は、(CH2)n’またはアリーレンであり、n’は1から12である。
式(V)では、R1及びR1’はそれぞれ、
であり、R25及びR26はそれぞれ、H、Me、Et、Pr、OMe、OEt、OPr、OC(O)(CH2)nSi(OH)3、OC(O)(CH2)nSi(OMe)3、OC(O)NH(CH2)nSi(OEt)3、OC(O)NH(CH2)nCOOH、OC(O)NH(CH2)nP(O)(OH)2、またはOC(O)NH(CH2)nNCOであり、nは1から12である。
である。いくつかの実施形態では、式(V)の化合物について、R1及びR1’はそれぞれ、−(CH2)nOHであり、n=1から15である。いくつかの実施形態では、式(V)の化合物について、R25及びR26はそれぞれ、OC(O)NH(CH2)nSi(OEt)3であり、nは1から12である。
である。
式(I)では、R1及びR2はそれぞれ、アルキル、シロキシアルキル、ヒドロキシアルキル、アルケニル、またはアラルキルであり、R4、R6、R8、及びR10はそれぞれ、H、OR20、F、Cl、Br、I、CN、NO2、アルキル、またはアリールであり、R20はHまたはアルキルであり、はアニオンである。式(I)では、R3、R5、R7、及びR9はそれぞれ、H、OH、F、Cl、Br、I、CN、NO2、アルキル、またはアリールであり、ただし、R3及びR5、またはR7及びR9、またはR3、R5、R7、及びR9はそれぞれ、二級アルキル、三級アルキル、またはアリールである。用語の定義において以前述べたように、R1及びR2のアルキル、シロキシアルキル、ヒドロキシアルキル、カルボキシアルキル、ホスホニルアルキル、アルケニル、またはアラルキルは、置換または非置換され得る。置換基は、アンモニウム基、ホスホニウム基、ピリジニウム基のような可溶化基、または米国特許第6,445,486号に記載の他の溶解度増大基を含み得る。
式(III)の化合物について、R19は(CH2)n’またはアリーレンであり、n’は1から12であり、R1、R3−R10及びXは式(I)について本明細書で定義されたものと同じである。いくつかの実施形態では、R19は(CH2)n’であり、n’は1から10である。いくつかの実施形態では、R19は(CH2)3-8である。他の実施形態では、R19はフェニレンである。いくつかの実施形態では、R19は1,4−フェニレンである。
式(IV)の化合物について、R1及びR1’はそれぞれ、アルキル、シロキシアルキル、ヒドロキシアルキル、アルキルカルボキシレート、アルキルホスホネート、アルキルイソシアネート、アルケニル、またはアラルキルであり得、R4、R6、R8、R10、R4’、R6’、R8’、及びR10’はそれぞれ、H、OR20、F、Cl、Br、I、CN、NO2、アルキル、またはアリールであり得、R3、R5、R7、R9、R3’、R5’、R7’、及びR9’はそれぞれ、H、OR20、F、Cl、Br、I、CN、NO2、アルキル、またはアリールであり得、ただし、R3、R5、R3’、及びR5’はそれぞれ、二級アルキル、三級アルキル、またはアリールであり、R19は(CH2)n’またはアリーレンであり、及びn’は1から12であり、R20はHまたはアルキルである。Xは上で定義されたアニオンである。
式(V)では、R1及びR1’はそれぞれ、
であり、R25及びR26はそれぞれ、H、Me、Et、Pr、OMe、OEt、OPr、OC(O)(CH2)nSi(OH)3、OC(O)(CH2)nSi(OMe)3、OC(O)NH(CH2)nSi(OEt)3、OC(O)NH(CH2)nCOOH、OC(O)NH(CH2)nP(O)(OH)2、またはOC(O)NH(CH2)nNCOであり、nは1から12である。
工程1:1,5−ジ−p−トリル−3−(4−ピリジル)ペンタン−1,5−ジオン
工程2:1,5−ジ−p−トリル−3−(1−(11−ヒドロキシウンデシル)−4−ピリジニウム)ペンタン−1,5−ジオンブロミド
工程3:2,6−ジ−p−トリル−4−(1−(11−ヒドロキシウンデシル)−4−ピリジニウム)ピリジウムビス(テトラフルオロボレート)
工程4:1’−(11−ヒドロキシウンデシル)−1−(5−ヒドロキシペンチル)−2,6−ジ−p−トリル−4,4’−ビピリジニウムビス(ビス(トリフルオロメタン)スルホンイミド)(「1’−(11−ヒドロキシウンデシル)−1−(5−ヒドロキシペンチル)−2,6−ジ−p−トリル−ビオロゲンビス(TFSI)」)
1,1’−ジ(11−ヒドロキシウンデシル)−ビオロゲンビス(TFSI)
工程a:1,1’−ジ(6−ブロモヘキサノイル)フェロセンの調製
工程b:1,1’−ジ(6−ブロモヘキシル)フェロセンの調製
工程c:[2−(ジメチルアミノ)エチル](11−ヒドロキシウンデシル)ジメチルアンモニウムブロミド
BrC11H22OH+Me2NCH2CH2NMe2→Me2NCH2CH2N+(Me)2C11H22OH Br-
工程d:1,1’−ビス{6−[N−(11−ヒドロキシウンデシル)−N,N,N’,N’−テトラメチルエチレンジアンモニウム]−N’−ヘキシル}フェロセンテトラ(TFSI)
工程a:ナトリウム3,3−ジメチル−2−ブタノエート
工程b:1,5−ジ−t−ブチル−3−(4−ピリジル)ペンタン−1,5−ジオン
工程c:1,5−ジ−t−ブチル−3−(4−(1−オクチルピリジニウム))ペンタン−1,5−ジオンブロミド
工程d:2,6−ジ−t−ブチル−4−(4−(1−オクチルピリジニウム))ピリリウムビス(テトラフルオロボレート)
工程e:2,6−ジ−t−ブチル−1−メチル−1’−オクチル−4,4’−ビピリジウムビス(テトラフルオロボレート)(「1−メチル−1’−オクチル−2,6−ジ−t−ブチルビオロゲン」)
0.69gの1’−(11−ヒドロキシウンデシル)−1−(5−ヒドロキシペンチル)−2,6−ジ−p−トリル−ビオロゲンビス(TFSI)及び0.23gのHDT(トリイソシアネート、架橋剤)を9重量%のポリメタクリレート(PMA、Mw54,000)を含有する7.0gのプロピレンカーボネートに溶解させた。コーティングの前に、プロピレンカーボネート中の0.6重量%のジブチルスズジアセテートの110μLの触媒溶液を上記混合物に添加した。
0.75gの1,1’−(11−ヒドロキシウンデシル)−4,4’−ビピリジウムビス(TFSI)及び0.23gのHDTを、9重量%PMA(Mw54,000)を含有する7.0gのプロピレンカーボネートに溶解させた。コーティングの前に、プロピレンカーボネート中の0.6重量%のジブチルスズジアセテートの110μLの触媒溶液を上記混合物に添加した。
0.78gの1,1’−ビス{6−[N−(11−ヒドロキシウンデシル)−N,N,N’,N’−テトラメチルエチレンジアンモニウム]−N’−ヘキシル}フェロセンテトラ(TFSI)及び0.23gのHDTを、9重量%PMA(Mw54,000)を含有する7.0gのプロピレンカーボネートに溶解させた。コーティングの前に、プロピレンカーボネート中の0.6重量%のジブチルスズジアセテートの110μLの触媒溶液を上記混合物に添加した。
フィルムを60℃のオーブン内で、N2雰囲気下で一晩硬化させた。硬化したフィルムは乾燥しており、硬く、フィルムの表面が窪んだときに変形を示さなかった。
特定の実施形態が示され説明されているが、以下の特許請求の範囲に規定されるような広範な態様における技術から逸脱することなく、当業者によって変更及び修正がなされ得ることを理解されたい。
A.式(I)によって示される非二量体化エレクトロクロミック化合物を含むエレクトロクロミック装置であって、
式中、
R1及びR2はそれぞれ、アルキル、シロキシアルキル、ヒドロキシアルキル、アルケニル、またはアラルキルであり、
R4、R6、R8、及びR10はそれぞれ、H、OR20、F、Cl、Br、I、CN、NO2、アルキル、またはアリールであり、
R3、R5、R7、及びR9はそれぞれ、H、OR20、F、Cl、Br、I、CN、NO2、アルキル、またはアリールであり、ただし、R3及びR5またはR7及びR9はそれぞれ、二級アルキル、三級アルキル、またはアリールであり、
R20は、Hまたはアルキルであり、
Xはアニオンである、エレクトロクロミック装置。
B.R3及びR5はそれぞれ、二級アルキル、三級アルキル、またはアリールである、パラグラフAに記載のエレクトロクロミック装置。
C.R3、R5、R7、及びR9はそれぞれ、二級アルキル、三級アルキル、またはアリールである、パラグラフAまたはパラグラフBに記載のエレクトロクロミック装置。
D.R3及びR5はそれぞれ、アリールである、パラグラフAからCのいずれか1つに記載のエレクトロクロミック装置。
E.R3及びR5はアリールであり、R7及びR9はHである、パラグラフAまたはパラグラフDに記載のエレクトロクロミック装置。
F.R4、R6、R8、及びR10はHである、パラグラフAからEのいずれか1つに記載のエレクトロクロミック装置。
G.前記アリールは、式(II)の基であり、
式中、
R11、R12、R13、及びR14はそれぞれ、H、OR20、F、Cl、Br、I、CN、NO2、またはアルキルであり、
R15は、H、OH、F、Cl、Br、I、CN、NO2、−OC(O)NR16R17、アルキル、またはアルコキシであり、
R16は、Hまたはアルキルであり、
R17は、Hまたはアルキルである、パラグラフAからFのいずれか1つに記載のエレクトロクロミック装置。
H.R11、R12、R13、及びR14はそれぞれ、Hまたはアルキルである、パラグラフGに記載のエレクトロクロミック装置。
I.R15は、H、OH、アルキル、またはアルコキシである、パラグラフGまたはパラグラフHに記載のエレクトロクロミック装置。
J.R11、R12、R13、及びR14はHであり、R15はH、メチル、エチル、プロピル、イソ−プロピル、ブチル、sec−ブチル、またはtert−ブチルである、パラグラフGからIのいずれか1つに記載のエレクトロクロミック装置。
K.R17はアルキルまたはシロキシアルキルである、パラグラフGからJのいずれか1つに記載のエレクトロクロミック装置。
L.R17はH、メチル、エチル、プロピル、イソ−プロピル、ブチル、sec−ブチル、tert−ブチル、または−(CH2)nSi(OR18)3であり、R18Hまたはアルキル、nは1から10である、パラグラフGからKのいずれか1つに記載のエレクトロクロミック装置。
M.R1及びR2はそれぞれ、アラルキル、C1−C12アルキル、またはC1−C12ヒドロキシアルキルである、パラグラフAからLのいずれか1つに記載のエレクトロクロミック装置。
N.前記非二量体化エレクトロクロミック化合物は、式(III)の化合物であり、
式中、
R19は、(CH2)n’またはアリーレンであり、n’は1から12である、パラグラフAからMのいずれか1つに記載のエレクトロクロミック装置。
O.R19は(CH2)3-8または1,4−フェニレンである、パラグラフNに記載のエレクトロクロミック装置。
P.R4、R6、R8、及びR10はそれぞれ、H、OH、またはアルキルである、パラグラフAからOのいずれか1つに記載のエレクトロクロミック装置。
Q.X-は、F-、Cl-、Br-、I-、BF4 -、PF6 -、SbF6 -、AsF6 -、ClO4 -、SO3CF3 -、N(CN)2 -、N(CF3SO2)2 -、C(CF3SO2)3 -、N(SO2C2F5) -、-Al(OC(CF3)3)4、または-BAr4であり、ここで、Arは、アリールまたはフッ素化アリール基である、パラグラフAからPのいずれか1つに記載のエレクトロクロミック装置。
R.前記非二量体化エレクトロクロミック化合物を含むエレクトロクロミック媒体と、
第1の基板の第1の導体表面、第2の基板の第2の導体表面、及び前記第1の基板と前記第2の基板とをつなぐ密封部材によって画定されるチャンバと、を更に備え、
前記エレクトロクロミック媒体は、前記チャンバ内に配置される、パラグラフAからQのいずれか1つに記載のエレクトロクロミック装置。
S.陽極構成要素と、溶媒と、を更に備える、パラグラフRに記載のエレクトロクロミック装置。
T.エレクトロクロミック窓またはエレクトロクロミック鏡である、パラグラフAからSのいずれか1つに記載のエレクトロクロミック装置。
U.式(IV)によって示される化合物であって、
式中、
R1及びR1’はそれぞれ、アルキル、シロキシアルキル、ヒドロキシアルキル、アルキルカルボキシレート、アルキルホスホネート、アルキルイソシアネート、カルボキシレート、ホスホネート、イソシアネート、アルケニル、またはアラルキルであり、
R4、R6、R8、R10、R4’、R6’、R8’、及びR10’はそれぞれ、H、OH、F、Cl、Br、I、CN、NO2、アルキル、またはアリールであり、
R3、R5、R7、R9、R3’、R5’、R7’、及びR9’はそれぞれ、H、OH、F、Cl、Br、I、CN、NO2、アルキル、またはアリールであり、ただし、R3、R5、R3’、及びR5’はそれぞれ、二級アルキル、三級アルキル、またはアリールであり、
R19は、(CH2)n’またはアリーレンであり、n’は1から12である、化合物。
V.R1及びR1’はそれぞれ、
である、パラグラフUに記載の化合物。
W.式(IV)によって示される化合物であって、
式中、
R1及びR1’はそれぞれ、アルキル、シロキシアルキル、ヒドロキシアルキル、アルキルカルボキシレート、アルキルホスホネート、アルキルイソシアネート、カルボキシレート、ホスホネート、イソシアネート、アルケニル、またはアラルキルであり、
R4、R6、R8、R10、R4’、R6’、R8’、及びR10’はそれぞれ、H、OH、F、Cl、Br、I、CN、NO2、アルキル、またはアリールであり、
R3、R5、R7、R9、R3’、R5’、R7’、及びR9’はそれぞれ、H、OH、F、Cl、Br、I、CN、NO2、アルキル、またはアリールであり、ただし、R7、R9、R7’、及びR9’はそれぞれ、二級アルキル、三級アルキル、またはアリールであり、
R19は、(CH2)n’またはアリーレンであり、n’は1から12である、化合物。
X.R1及びR1’はそれぞれ、
である、パラグラフWに記載の化合物。
Y.式(V)によって示される化合物であって、
式中、
R1及びR1’はそれぞれ、
であり、
R25及びR26はそれぞれ、H、Me、Et、Pr、OMe、OEt、OPr、OC(O)(CH2)nSi(OH)3、OC(O)(CH2)nSi(OMe)3、OC(O)NH(CH2)nSi(OEt)3、OC(O)NH(CH2)nCOOH、OC(O)NH(CH2)nP(O)(OH)2、またはOC(O)NH(CH2)nNCOであり、
nは1から12である、化合物。
Z.R1及びR1’のうちの少なくとも1つが、ポリマー骨格の一部である、式(IV)のモノマー単位を含むポリマーであって、
式中、
R1及びR1’はそれぞれ、アルキル、シロキシアルキル、ヒドロキシアルキル、アルキルカルボキシレート、アルキルホスホネート、アルキルイソシアネート、カルボキシレート、ホスホネート、イソシアネート、アルケニル、またはアラルキルであり、
R4、R6、R8、R10、R4’、R6’、R8’、及びR10’はそれぞれ、H、OH、F、Cl、Br、I、CN、NO2、アルキル、またはアリールであり、
R3、R5、R7、R9、R3’、R5’、R7’、及びR9’はそれぞれ、H、OH、F、Cl、Br、I、CN、NO2、アルキル、またはアリールであり、ただし、R3、R5、R3’、及びR5’はそれぞれ、二級アルキル、三級アルキル、またはアリールであり、
R19は、(CH2)n’またはアリーレンであり、n’は1から12である、化合物。
AA.R1及びR1’のうちの少なくとも1つが、ポリマー骨格の一部である、式(IV)のモノマー単位を含むポリマーであって、
式中、
R1及びR1’はそれぞれ、アルキル、シロキシアルキル、ヒドロキシアルキル、アルキルカルボキシレート、アルキルホスホネート、アルキルイソシアネート、カルボキシレート、ホスホネート、イソシアネート、アルケニル、またはアラルキルであり、
R4、R6、R8、R10、R4’、R6’、R8’、及びR10’はそれぞれ、H、OH、F、Cl、Br、I、CN、NO2、アルキル、またはアリールであり、
R3、R5、R7、R9、R3’、R5’、R7’、及びR9’はそれぞれ、H、OH、F、Cl、Br、I、CN、NO2、アルキル、またはアリール、ただし、R7、R9、R7’、及びR9’はそれぞれ、二級アルキル、三級アルキル、またはアリールであり、
R19は、(CH2)n’またはアリーレンであり、n’は1から12である、ポリマー。
BB.非二量体化ビオロゲン、陽極材料、及び溶媒を備えるエレクトロクロミック媒体を備えるエレクトロクロミック装置であって、前記非二量体化ビオロゲンは、約580nm超のλmaxを有する紫外可視スペクトルを呈する、エレクトロクロミック装置。
CC.前記二量体化ビオロゲンは、約600nm超のλmaxを呈する、パラグラフBBに記載のエレクトロクロミック装置。
DD.前記陽極材料は、フェナジン、フェノチアジン、フェノキサジン(phenoxadine)、フェノキサジン(phenoxazine)、フェロセン、カルバゾール、ヒドラゾン、トリフェノキサジン(triphenoxazine)、またはトリフェノジチオジンである、パラグラフBBまたはパラグラフCCに記載のエレクトロクロミック装置。
EE.前記溶媒は、3−メチルスルホラン、ジメチルスルホキシド、ジメチルホルムアミド、テトラグライム、エトキシエタノール、アセトニトリル、グルタロニトリル、3−ヒドロキシプロピオニトリル、2−メチルグルタロニトリル、2−アセチルブチロラクトン、シクロペンタノン、ベータ−プロピオラクトン、ガンマ−ブチロラクトン、ガンマ−バレロラクトン、プロピレンカーボネート、またはエチレンカーボネートである、パラグラフBBからDDのいずれか1つに記載のエレクトロクロミック装置。
FF.前記非二量体化ビオロゲンが、式(I)、(II)、(III)、(IV)または(V)のうちの化合物のいずれか1つの本明細書に記載のいずれかの実施形態の化合物である、パラグラフBBからEEのいずれか1つのエレクトロクロミック装置。
Claims (15)
- 式(I)によって示される非二量体化エレクトロクロミック化合物を含むエレクトロクロミック装置であって、
式中、
R1及びR2はそれぞれ、アルキル、シロキシアルキル、ヒドロキシアルキル、アルケニル、またはアラルキルであり、
R4、R6、R8、及びR10はそれぞれ、H、OR20、F、Cl、Br、I、CN、NO2、アルキル、またはアリールであり、
R3、R5、R7、及びR9はそれぞれ、二級アルキル、三級アルキル、またはアリールであり、
R20は、Hまたはアルキルであり、
Xはアニオンである、エレクトロクロミック装置。 - R3及びR5はそれぞれ、三級アルキル、またはアリールである、請求項1に記載のエレクトロクロミック装置。
- R3及びR5はそれぞれ、アリールである、請求項1に記載のエレクトロクロミック装置。
- R4、R6、R8、及びR10はHである、請求項1に記載のエレクトロクロミック装置。
- 前記アリールは、式(II)の基であり、
式中、
R11、R12、R13、及びR14はそれぞれ、H、OR20、F、Cl、Br、I、CN、NO2、またはアルキルであり、
R15は、H、OH、F、Cl、Br、I、CN、NO2、−OC(O)NR16R17、アルキル、またはアルコキシであり、
R16は、Hまたはアルキルであり、
R17は、H、アルキル又はシロキシアルキルである、請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載のエレクトロクロミック装置。 - R11、R12、R13、及びR14はそれぞれ、Hまたはアルキルである、請求項5に記載のエレクトロクロミック装置。
- R15は、H、OH、アルキル、またはアルコキシである、請求項5に記載のエレクトロクロミック装置。
- R11、R12、R13、及びR14はHであり、R15はH、メチル、エチル、プロピル、イソ−プロピル、ブチル、sec−ブチル、またはtert−ブチルである、請求項5に記載のエレクトロクロミック装置。
- R17はH、メチル、エチル、プロピル、イソ−プロピル、ブチル、sec−ブチル、tert−ブチル、または−(CH2)nSi(OR18)3であり、R18はHまたはアルキルであり、及びnは1から10である、請求項5に記載のエレクトロクロミック装置。
- R1及びR2はそれぞれ、アラルキル、C1−C12アルキル、またはC1−C12ヒドロキシアルキルである、請求項1に記載のエレクトロクロミック装置。
- R4、R6、R8、及びR10はそれぞれ、H、OH、またはアルキルである、請求項1から3及び10のいずれか1項に記載のエレクトロクロミック装置。
- X-は、F-、Cl-、Br-、I-、BF4 -、PF6 -、SbF6 -、AsF6 -、ClO4 -、SO3CF3 -、N(CN)2 -、N(CF3SO2)2 -、C(CF3SO2)3 -、N(SO2C2F5)-、-Al(OC(CF3)3)4、または-BAr4であり、ここで、Arは、アリールまたはフッ素化アリール基である、請求項1から3及び10のいずれか1項に記載のエレクトロクロミック装置。
- 前記非二量体化エレクトロクロミック化合物を含むエレクトロクロミック媒体と、
第1の基板の第1の導体表面、第2の基板の第2の導体表面、及び前記第1の基板と前記第2の基板とをつなぐ密封部材によって画定されるチャンバと、を更に備え、
前記エレクトロクロミック媒体は、前記チャンバ内に配置される、請求項1から3及び10のいずれか1項に記載のエレクトロクロミック装置。 - 陽極構成要素と、溶媒と、を更に備える、請求項13に記載のエレクトロクロミック装置。
- エレクトロクロミック窓またはエレクトロクロミック鏡である、請求項1から3及び10のいずれか1項に記載のエレクトロクロミック装置。
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