JP6547181B1 - Relative displacement measuring device and relative displacement measuring method - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is a relative displacement measuring device for obtaining the maximum deformation of a multilayer structure at the time of an earthquake and easily checking and judging the damage status of the multilayer structure and its safety even if it is not a specialized engineer. A relative displacement measuring device is installed between at least two measurement points 15a and 15b for measuring deformation due to an external force of a multilayer structure and measures a relative displacement amount between the measurement points 15a and 15b. The base 10 fixed to one of the measurement points, the wire 15 fixed to the other of the two measurement points and stretched between the two measurement points 15a and 15b, and rotatable in a horizontal plane And a rotary gripping portion 13 that holds one end of the wire 15, and when the rotary gripping portion 13 is pulled by the tension from the other measurement point side, The wire 15 is sent irreversibly to one end side. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a relative displacement display device disposed between at least two measurement points for measuring deformation of a structure due to external force, and measuring a relative displacement amount between the measurement points.

  Roads, bridges, mountain slopes and houses are stressed by earthquakes, typhoons, rain and vibrations caused by driving a car, and the risk of collapse when the cumulative or instantaneous stress exceeds a certain level (danger not realized Possibilities, these structures have. Such risks are less likely to be manifested, and in many cases, they are only confirmed after the fact that they have become disasters, and in many cases, there is a high possibility that many damages will occur. .

  Here, the stress that houses have received due to earthquakes as an example in the past has been increased in recent years, although the number of houses with earthquake proofing up to a certain degree of seismic intensity has increased, but it is guaranteed against the first earthquake. Currently, it is not always guaranteed for the second and subsequent earthquakes. This is because the damage received at the first earthquake (such as the loose support of the nail) is not apparent but it can not be guaranteed as a risk. Although it may be possible to take structural measures completely against a large earthquake, if at all, it is an extremely expensive structure and not practical. Rather, it is reasonable in terms of cost performance that the strength is such that it does not collapse for earthquakes above a certain seismic intensity, and even if there is a partial failure, it is repaired after the earthquake to maintain the soundness of the house . When an earthquake occurs, structures such as houses are deformed by earthquake motion. At the time of maximum deformation, maximum stress acts on the structure, and at this time, partial breakage occurs in the structure.

  There has been proposed an apparatus which can find the maximum deformation of a multilayer structure during an earthquake and easily confirm and judge the damage status of the multilayer structure and its safety even without being a specialized engineer (for example, for example) , Patent Document 1). In the device disclosed in Patent Document 1, when the multilayer structure receives an external force and the relative displacement between predetermined two points for measuring the deformation of the multilayer structure exceeds a predetermined value, the predetermined value is obtained. The switch is operated by the measuring member pulled between two points to electrically connect the power supply and the light emitting device, and the light emitting device is operated to report the degree of deformation of the multilayer structure according to the relative displacement amount .

JP, 2016-53502 gazette

  However, while the potential risk is quantified before developing into an unexpected major disaster as described above, an appropriate measure is required, and the device disclosed in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1 is a power source. It is necessary to secure the power supply and to maintain and manage the electrical functions. For this reason, maintenance-free measurement can not be performed for a long period of time, and regular maintenance is required, which increases the burden on the measurer and makes permanent measurement difficult.

  More specifically, since the frequency of large-scale earthquake occurrence is low, to measure the load on the measurer permanently and continuously, it is stable and accurate even if it is left for 20 or 30 years after installation of the measuring device. It must work. Therefore, the device should not require an energy source such as maintenance or power supply, and it should be possible for anyone to easily confirm the maximum displacement and residual displacement and be resettable when necessary. If it does not return to 0 compared with the initial state after reset, it indicates that residual deformation has been received from the initial state. Repairs the structure, restores the nails and bolts that have been removed with the maximum displacement, and can easily reset the device after removing the residual deformation, and enters the standby state to measure the maximum displacement for the next earthquake It is desirable to have

  Therefore, according to the present invention, the maximum deformation of the basic structural part of the structure received due to the earthquake, and the stress of the structure such as residual deformation remaining after the earthquake are permanently measured and stored maintenance free. The objective is to ensure the safety level of the body, show that the quantitative information secures the integrity to the individual and society, and provide a system that gives a sense of security.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a relative displacement measuring device installed between at least two measuring points for measuring deformation of a structure due to external force, and measuring a relative displacement amount between the measuring points. And
A base fixed to the structure at one of the two measurement points;
A wire member which is a measurement member fixed to the other of the two measurement points and stretched between the two measurement points;
A rotary gripping portion rotatably held on the base portion in a horizontal plane and gripping the one end of the measurement portion ;
A distribution box for housing the base portion and for mounting a power outlet in a wall of a building ;
The rotary grip unit irreversibly feeds the measurement member to the one end side according to the tension when it is pulled by the tension from the other measurement point side.

Further, the present invention is a relative displacement measurement method which is disposed between at least two measurement points for measuring deformation of a structure due to external force, and measures a relative displacement amount between the measurement points,
The base is fixed to the structure at one of the two measurement points, and one end of the wire member, which is a measuring member, is fixed by the rotary grip held rotatably in the horizontal plane on the base. Grasping process,
Fixing the other end of the measurement member to the other of the two measurement points, and stretching the measurement member between the two measurement points;
When the rotating grip portion is pulled by tension from the other measurement point side, the rotation gripping portion irreversibly delivers the measurement member to the one end side according to the tension, and measures the delivery amount in a fixed period. by, viewed including the step of measuring a relative displacement amount between the measuring points, in the step of gripping one end of the wire member, the base portion is in a distribution box for mounting the electrical outlet in a wall of a building It is characterized by being stored .

  In the above-mentioned invention, it is preferred to further have a display part which displays the length of the above-mentioned measurement member sent out in the above-mentioned rotation grasping part.

In the above invention, the display unit includes a cylindrical body having a transparent portion through which the measurement member is inserted and the displacement of the measurement member inside can be visually recognized.
It is preferable that a scale for measuring the displacement of the measuring member is marked on the cylindrical body.

In the above invention, the measuring member is a wire member,
It is preferable that the said rotation holding part has a pair of rotary body holding the said wire member, and the control member which restrict | limits rotation of the said rotary body only to one direction.

  According to the present invention, risks can be quantified before they develop into major disasters, which can prepare appropriate measures. That is, the maximum deformation of the basic structure of the structure received due to the earthquake, and the stress of the structure such as residual deformation remaining after the earthquake are permanently measured and stored maintenance free, and the safety level of the structure Security is given by showing that the quantitative information secures the integrity to the individual and society. According to the present invention, since it is possible to operate stably and accurately even if it is left for 20 or 30 years after installing the measuring device, the burden on the measuring person can be further reduced and permanent measurement is possible. I assume.

  More specifically, in the present invention, no energy source such as maintenance or power source is required, and when necessary the maximum displacement and residual displacement can be easily confirmed, and reset is possible. If it does not return to 0 compared with the state, it indicates that residual deformation has been received from the initial state.

Using the measurement results according to the present invention, the structure is repaired, and the nails and bolts removed due to the maximum displacement are put back, the residual deformation is eliminated (in the case of the allowable range, as it is), the structure is repaired Later, this device is reset and can be set to a standby state to measure the maximum displacement in the next earthquake.
In particular, in the present invention, since the rotary grip portion is rotatably attached to the base portion, the direction in which the measurement member is inserted into the rotary grip portion and the measurement member is stretched toward the measurement point The tensioning direction can be made to coincide, and from the end point where the measuring member is fixed to the structure side, it will be stretched straight to the rotating grip part, so that unnecessary tension acts on the measuring member. It can be avoided, bias of recorded data can be eliminated, and data reliability can be increased. In addition, since the rotation grip portion is freely rotated, the mounting position of the device body is also more flexible, and the accuracy of the measurement value can be enhanced while making the mounting operation easy.

It is a top view which shows the structure and operation | movement of the relative displacement measuring device in one embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the state which installed the same apparatus in a structure. It is a perspective view which shows the state which installed the same apparatus in a structure. It is sectional drawing which shows the example of the latch structure of the same apparatus. It is a conceptual diagram which shows schematic structure of the multilayer structure (building) to which the same apparatus is applied. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the interlayer displacement of the multilayer structure (building) to which the said apparatus is applied, and the deformation | transformation degree of a multilayer structure (building). It is a side view which shows the interlayer displacement of the multilayer structure (building) to which the same device is applied, and the deformation degree of the multilayer structure (building). It is a flowchart which shows the procedure of the relative displacement measuring method which used the same apparatus.

(Overall configuration of relative displacement measuring device)
Hereinafter, an embodiment of a relative displacement measuring device according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. FIG. 1 is a top view showing the overall configuration of the relative displacement measuring device according to the present embodiment. The embodiment described below is an example of an apparatus for embodying the technical idea of the present invention, and the technical idea of the present invention includes the material, shape, structure, and the like of each component. The arrangement etc. are not specified to the following. Various changes can be added to the technical idea of the present invention within the scope of the claims.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the relative displacement measurement and recording apparatus 1 is installed between predetermined two points 15a and 15b for measuring deformation of the multilayer structure due to external force, and the predetermined two points 15a, The relative displacement amount of 15b is measured, and the state of deformation of the multilayer structure is recorded and displayed, and it is installed at an arbitrary position (the pillar 2 and the beam 3 in the illustrated example) of the multilayer structure Bld.

The relative displacement measurement and recording apparatus 1 is fixed to the base portion 10 fixed to one of the measurement points (here, the measurement point 15b side) and to the other of the two measurement points (here, the measurement point 15a) A wire 15 stretched between two measurement points 15a and 15b, and a rotary grip 13 held on the base 10 rotatably in a horizontal plane and gripping one end ( 15b side ) of the wire 15 And have.

Rotating the grip portion 13, rotary engagement with when the wire 15 by the tension from the other measuring point 15a side is pulled, a mechanism for feeding the irreversibly wire 15 according to the tension to one end (the measurement point 15a side) The part 13 is provided. In the relative displacement measurement and recording apparatus 1 , when the multilayer structure bld receives an external force, and a relative displacement amount occurs such that the predetermined two points 15a and 15b for measuring the deformation of the multilayer structure bld are expanded, The wire 15 pulled between two predetermined points is irreversibly fed from the rotary grip 13.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 4 (a), as an irreversible mechanism of the rotary gripping portion 13, there are formed a collar portion 131 in which a ridge shape is continuously connected and an internal space 132a which matches the ridge shape of the collar portion 131 inside. And the stopper 132. The collar portion 131 is fitted to the wire 15, and is inserted into the inner space 132a of the stopper 132a together with the wire 15, and the continuous wedge shape is hooked to the wedge shape space of the inner space 132a. The wire 15 can be moved irreversibly in a stepwise manner in the rotary grip 13 because it is easily moved in the direction but is hooked one by one in the direction opposite to the arrow.

  In addition, as another irreversible mechanism of the rotary grip 13, for example, as shown in FIG. 4B, it has a tapered internal space 133a inside, and has a pair of ball bodies 134 in the internal space 133a. It is good also as a latch mechanism. The pair of ball bodies 134 is disposed in the internal space 133 a so as to sandwich the wire 15, and when the wire 15 is pulled in the direction of the arrow in the figure, the pair of ball bodies 134 is separated from the tapered portion to sandwich the wire 15. It is easily delivered because it loosens. Conversely, when the wire 15 is pulled in the direction opposite to the arrow in the figure, it moves in the inner space 133a together with the wire 15 and is pushed toward the tapered portion of the tapered portion to firmly fix the wire 15 in the inner space 133a. It is supposed to hold it. As a result, since the ball holds the wire 15 in the direction opposite to the arrow, the frictional force irreversibly fixes the wire 15 to the rotary grip 13.

  In the present embodiment, the wire 15 is a stainless steel wire member having flexibility and a certain rigidity, and the rotational gripping portion 13 includes a pair of rotational gripping portions 13 for gripping the wire 15, which is a wire, And a restricting member (not shown) for restricting the rotation of the portion 13 in only one direction.

  The rotating grip 13 is a clamp that adjusts a static friction force associated with the operation of the wire, and can be realized by, for example, a hose clip. The tightening strength of the rotation gripping portion 13 is half a static friction force stronger than the force exerted by the constant fine movement given by the product of the mass of the constant fine movement maximum acceleration in the pulling direction of the wire 15 and the mass of the wire 15 It is fixed.

  The base unit 10 is provided with a tube type scale 14 as a display unit for displaying the length of the wire 15 fed out in the rotary grip unit. In this embodiment, in the present embodiment, the wire 15 is inserted into the tube size 14, and the tube size 14 is formed of a tube size 14 having a transparent portion in which the displacement of the wire 15 inside can be visually recognized from the outside.

  The scale of the maximum displacement measuring scale 14a for measuring the displacement of the wire 15 is described on the tube scale 14, and the residual displacement measuring scale 14b is affixed on the wire 15 side as a scale. , The origin (0 point) of the scale of the maximum displacement measuring scale 14a is matched with the origin (0 point) of 14b, and it is sent out by the relative displacement of these maximum displacement measuring scale 14a and residual displacement measuring scale 14b. The feed amount of the wire 15 is measured. Specifically, it is possible to measure the maximum displacement of the wire 15 during the measurement period, and the residual displacement that measures that the wire 15 is inside the origin mark.

(Operation of relative displacement measuring device)
The relative displacement measuring method of the present invention can be implemented by operating the relative displacement measuring device described above. FIG. 7 is a flow chart showing the operation of the relative displacement measuring device. In addition, the process sequence demonstrated below is only an example, and each process may be changed as much as possible. In addition, according to the embodiment, steps may be omitted, replaced, or added as appropriate, according to the embodiment.

As shown in the figure, first, the relative displacement measuring device is installed at a predetermined position (step S101), and measurement is started (S102). When measurement starts and an event such as an earthquake occurs and deformation occurs in the multilayer structure Bld (S103), tension acts on the wire 15 along with the deformation of the structure, and the wire 15 is pulled in the direction of being pulled out from the rotating grip 13 It will be If the tensile force at this time is within the allowable range of the latch mechanism of the rotary grip 13, the measurement member is not delivered ("None" in step S104), and the tensile force is within the allowable range of the latch mechanism of the rotary grip 13. If the value of f.sub.2 is exceeded, the measuring member will be delivered ("YES" at step S104). These steps S103 to S105 are repeated during the measurement period ("N" in step S106), and when the measurement period ends ("Y" in step S106), the final cumulative deformation amount is read and confirmed.
The work in each step will be described in detail below.

(1) Installation procedure In the above steps S101 and S102, for example, in a multi-layered building A1 as shown in FIG. 5 to FIG. 7, each of the structural materials such as the columns 2 and beams 3 in each layer Between the diagonals is a predetermined two points for measuring the deformation of the building A1, and the wires 15 are attached together with the base 10 along each diagonal. At this time, when installing the wire 15 at two points (measurement points 15a and 15b ) to be measured , the tightening of the rotary grip 13 is loosened and the wire end (the measurement point 15b side) is pulled. Are tightened by the latch mechanism 131, 132 or 133, 134. After that, leave it in this state.

  At this time, the wire 15 is installed inside the structure (in the case of a house, a brace portion) so that the wire 15 is not easily pulled. Moreover, the base part 10 is accommodated, for example in the measurement box installed beforehand, and it is made not to be exposed to wind and rain. In this measurement box, a keyed lid is attached as needed, and a recording sticker is attached to the inside of the lid. In addition, as this measurement box, it can be used as a distribution box installed, for example, when attaching a power outlet to a wall. In this case, the maintenance management mechanism of the power outlet can be performed together with the displacement measurement of the present invention.

In addition, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, this apparatus can be used also when measuring the relative displacement between the base made of concrete, and the pillar of wood. For example, both ends of the wire 15 are installed and fixed to, for example, the base and the column. When the lumber is separated from the base, as in the case of a direct earthquake, the residual displacement slightly offset from the jumped maximum displacement can be read directly from the changed length of the wire measurement unit.

(2) Procedure at the time of event occurrence And, as in the above-mentioned steps S103 to S105, the wire 15 pulled and sent out by the deformation of the multilayer structure bld is irreversibly gripped by the rotary gripping portion 13, and the multilayer structure Even if the deformation of bld proceeds and is further fed out, the deformation of the structural material of the multilayer structure bld is returned, and the wire 15 rotates even when the distance between the two points 15a and 15b is reduced. It does not retreat in the reverse direction in the grip portion 13. When the deformation of the structural material is returned, the wire 15 is in a state of loosening or sagging between the two points 15a and 15b.

More specifically, when an event causing structural deformation such as earthquake occurs, the wire 15 irreversibly semi-fixed by the rotating grip portion 13 due to the deformation if the deformation due to the vibration is a predetermined amount or more, It slides in the direction of the measurement point 15a at 1 and is sent out ("Y" in S104). At this time, since the wire is only loosened in the reverse direction (direction of the measurement point 15b) and no tensile force is generated, the wire 15 does not move out.

  Thereafter, when the event such as the earthquake stops and stands still, the wire is slipped and held at the position where it is sent out (S105). Next, an event occurs again, and if the deformation is larger than the first event, the wire 15 is slipped out and held again. If this second deformation is smaller than the first deformation, the wire 15 retains its previous state (tick position) without being delivered. In this way, from the previous measurement, the maximum deformation of the structure received while measuring the movement of the wire this time is measured and stored. After the measurement is completed, the measurement date, information that is presumed to be the cause of the event, for example, an earthquake, and the degree of the information is described, and the tightening of the grip portion is loosened and the end of the wire 15 is pulled and reset. At this time, if the wire 15 returns to the original position and the origin (0 point) marker returns to 0 of the scale, there is no residual deformation in the structure. If the pulled wire stops in the positive direction, the distance between two points in the structure expands, and if the wire stops in the negative direction, the distance between two points in the structure shrinks. If the residual deformation is not repaired, measurement is started again with the position as the origin of the day.

(3) Measurement of angle and displacement A specific method of measuring each value will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the angle of the column 2 standing vertically to the horizontal beam 3 and the displacement of the upper portion of the vertical structure are measured from normal times. V mounts the wire 15 of the upper end at the height of the upper end from the lower end of the house, and mounts the base portion 10 horizontally at a position left by H and starts measurement.

Thereafter, an earthquake occurs between the start of measurement and the next measurement, and as shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, it is assumed that the vertical column tilts to the right and is restored to almost its original state. Considering the mass of the house, the force by the earthquake is several ton · f, which is much larger than the static friction force associated with the tightening of the rotary grip unit 13 of the relative displacement measuring and recording device 1 , and the wire starts measuring to the maximum inclination size It is assumed that an earthquake occurs between the time of and the next measurement, and as shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. The force associated with the inclination under the vertical field due to the earthquake is several ton · f in consideration of the mass of the house, much larger than the static friction force associated with the tightening of the rotary grip 13, and the wire corresponds to the maximum inclination It is held there sliding by the length it does. Let X be the length of the wire held in sliding. The maximum inclination angle at this time is θ, and the maximum displacement at the top of the house is L.

In FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, the cosine theorem is applied to a triangle having a base length of H and a height direction length of V and an angle of 90 ° + θ formed by these sides. The length of the hypotenuse is the length of the original hypotenuse of the right triangle plus the length of the extended part,

It becomes. From the above equation

And
It becomes. Here the original length of the stainless steel wire
, The slip length L is sufficiently short, half of which is even shorter, and thus can be approximated by the right-hand numerator of the above equation.

Also, if θ is equal to or less than π / 4 (45 degrees), sin θ approximates θ, and the inclination angle θ is as follows.

That is, the inclination angle can be calculated from the above equation from the measurement value of the length L measured and stored by the relative displacement measurement and recording apparatus 1 by stretching the wire 15 without slack.

Also, the maximum displacement L at the top of the house is
It becomes.

Considering specifically the length l, according to the above equation, the slack length l when θ is given is


It is.

Now, I will install a wire near the brace of the building one layer part and two layers part,
It is assumed that the height is V = 2.4 m and the half-horizontal length is H = 0.9 m. At this time, the above formula is based on the fact that the new construction inclination allowance of the notification of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism is 3 mm / 1000 mm
And when this slope is substituted into the above equation,

It becomes.

Physical limitations must also be considered. The thermal expansion coefficient of the widely used stainless steel of sus304 is 16.0 × 10 ⁻⁶ [1 / ° C.]. Now, the maximum change of the environmental temperature where this stainless wire is placed is 50 ° C, V = 2.4 m, H = 0.9 m stainless wire length is 2.56 m, and the temperature change of the wire by the temperature change, l _τ is

It is. Therefore, when the stainless steel wire is stretched so as to be V = 2.4 m, H = 0.9 m, the measurement value of 2.5 mm or less from the notification of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism is within the allowable range. Assuming that ° C., 2 mm due to thermal expansion is due to expansion of the wire, and a measured value of about 2.5 mm or less is within the allowable range. The residual inclination, that is, θ = 20/1200 or less in a stationary state in which an earthquake occurs, that is, l = 0.843θ = 13 mm or less in the relative displacement measurement recording device 1 is A rank, θ = (20 to 60) / 1200 In the relative displacement measurement and recording apparatus 1 , the B rank is obtained in the range of l = 13 mm to 39 mm. Further, θ = 60/1200 or more, that is, l = 39 mm or more in the relative displacement measurement recording device 1 is C rank.

  These values are the values of damaged and damaged houses due to earthquakes, but the maximum deformation will be much larger. When the wire is installed at V = 2.4 m and H = 0.9 m, the residual deformation is l = 0.843θ = 39 mm or more in B rank. In consideration of the above-mentioned new construction inclination tolerance and the thermal expansion of sus 304, it is considered that a measuring range of 2.5 mm to 50 mm (100 mm) is sufficient.

  The method in this embodiment can measure the maximum value and residual value of deformation in one direction. This device may be installed in a three-dimensional direction of the xyz direction as shown in FIG.

(Example)
There is an application of geometry with high certainty, and verification of the experiment is unnecessary, but I measured and calculated l with an inclination angle of 1 ° at V = 0.582 m and H = 0.28 m. In the calculation
It becomes. It is 4.5 mm in actual value when it measures with the model shown in FIG.

(Action / effect)
As described above, in the relative displacement measurement and recording apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment, the multilayer structure (building A1) receives an external force, and between two predetermined points for measuring the deformation of the multilayer structure (building A1). When deformation occurs such that the distance increases, the wire 15 pulled between predetermined two points is irreversibly fed out from the rotary grip 13. By measuring the length of the wire 15 sent out, it is possible to record the maximum value of the deformation generated in the measurement period. By measuring this deformation, the amount of maximum deformation (interlayer displacement) of the multilayer structure (building A1) at the time of earthquake is determined, even if not a specialized engineer, and the damage status of the multilayer structure (building A1), Its safety can be easily confirmed and judged.

  More specifically, according to the relative displacement measuring device of the present embodiment, the predetermined maximum displacement and residual displacement between two points generated in a certain period are measured and stored in the structure exposed to the vibration stress. Data can be provided to assess the stress received during the period.

For example, at the time of an earthquake, if the relative displacement measuring device can measure the maximum displacement and residual displacement between structural parts of a house at the time of the earthquake (1), potential or concealed damage due to the earthquake can be evaluated. Necessary information, if necessary, can know the information.
(2) These information can be shared among those who need it.
(3) By sharing information and repairing it when necessary, the trust of the concerned person is formed, and the concerned person can be provided with safety and security. In addition, new businesses can be developed to secure security and security by sharing information.
For example, in the case of social infrastructure such as roads, bridges, dams, etc., regular inspections become possible and rational maintenance can be performed. Further, for example, in a temporary structure such as a building construction or a scaffolding for repair, an alarm can be generated when the dangerous maximum displacement is measured to ensure safety.
In particular, in the present embodiment, since the rotary grip portion 13 is rotatably attached to the base portion 10, the direction in which the wire 15 is inserted into the rotary grip portion 13 and the wire 15 at the measurement point 15a. Since the wire 15 can be made to coincide with the stretching direction to be stretched, the wire 15 is stretched straight from the measurement point 15a fixed on the multi-layered structure Bld side to the rotary gripping portion 13, Unnecessary tension can be avoided from acting on the wire 15, bias of the recorded data can be eliminated, and data reliability can be enhanced. In addition, since the rotation grip 13 freely rotates, the mounting position of the device body is also more flexible, and the accuracy of the measurement value can be increased while making the mounting operation easy.

(Modification 1)
The description of each embodiment described above is an example of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various changes can be made according to the design and the like without departing from the technical concept of the present invention.

  For example, in the above-described embodiment, the displacement amount is directly measured and displayed on a scale, but the length of the displacement amount may be converted into an electrical resistance, an electrostatic capacitance, or a self-inductance and output. More specifically, the operation principle of displacement measurement is the same as the mechanical method according to the above embodiment, but it is a method of reading displacement as a value of electrical resistance with a slide volume (linear potentiometer) instead of a scale and converting the displacement. It is a reading method. Assuming that the displacement of the wire 15 is x, the resistance between terminals of the volume is R, and the volume length is L, the electrical resistance r associated with the displacement of x is as follows. This resistance can be easily read by an electrical tester.

r = (x / L) R
Moreover, displacement can be measured as follows from the read resistance value.

x = (x / L) L
This electrical method has an advantage that the position measurement can be performed with high accuracy simply by touching the resistance measurement end with the probe of the tester as compared with the method of measuring the displacement by visual observation in a tight posture of the scale. In this way, accurate measurement can be performed simply by putting a short wire. On the other hand, in the case of installing a wire on a floor 0.9 m and a standing pole 2.5 m in a structure such as a house, it can be deformed by centimeter order and can be visually observed, and there is an advantage that anyone can measure deformation easily.

(Modification 2)
Furthermore, the present invention can be developed into an apparatus that measures and stores various physical quantity values. For example, physical quantities such as temperature and humidity can be converted into displacement amounts measurable by the present invention by using predetermined conversion members, and can be applied to measurement / storage devices of maximum values of various physical quantities.

(1) Temperature As the principle, it is possible to mechanically store the maximum temperature by combining the bimetal and the concept of the maximum displacement measurement by the displacement amount measuring method of the present invention, applying that the bimetal is deformed by the temperature. For example, since wine and frozen tuna affect the quality if the specified temperature is exceeded during transport, it is possible to store a system of quality control by storing the highest temperature experienced during the transport period.

(2) Humidity In principle, the maximum humidity can be stored mechanically by combining materials (such as nylon and hair) that shrink with humidity and the concept of maximum displacement measurement by the displacement amount measurement method of the present invention. For example, by storing a large and heavy precision machine around the equator during ship transportation, it is important to remember the humidity temperature experienced during the transportation period, since it will cause large humidity stress, cause rust etc. and affect the quality. Accuracy of quality control can be improved.

(3) Force As the principle, based on the idea of measuring the maximum displacement by the displacement amount measuring method of the present invention, when a force of static friction or more acts, relative displacement appears on the holder and the movable body (here, wire) . Applying this, the amount of force can be measured by combining with a spring.

Application; Record the cause of failure (4) Acceleration In principle, the mass is attached to the movable part of maximum displacement measurement according to the displacement measurement method of the present invention, and when the acceleration x mass becomes a force more than static friction force And relative displacement appears on the movable body (here, the wire). Apply this. By combining with a spring, the amount of acceleration can be measured, and applications such as recording the cause of breakage are conceivable.

L: Maximum movement displacement
r ... Electric resistance A1 ... Building Bld ... Multilayer structure
bld ... Multilayer structure 1 ... relative displacement measurement recording device 2 ... pillar 3 ... beam 10 ... base section 13 ... rotation grip section 14 ... tube type 14a ... maximum displacement measurement 14b ... residual displacement measurement 15 ... wire 15a, 15b ... Measurement point

Claims (5)

A relative displacement measuring device installed between at least two measurement points for measuring deformation due to external force of a structure and measuring a relative displacement amount between the measurement points,
A base fixed to the structure at one of the two measurement points;
A wire member which is a measurement member fixed to the other of the two measurement points and stretched between the two measurement points;
A rotary grip which is rotatably held on the base in a horizontal plane and grips one end of the measuring member ;
A distribution box for housing the base portion and for mounting a power outlet in a wall of a building ;
The relative displacement measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the rotational grip unit irreversibly delivers the measuring member to the one end side according to the tension when it is pulled by the tension from the other measurement point side.   The relative displacement measurement device according to claim 1, further comprising a display unit that displays the length of the measurement member delivered by the rotational gripping unit. The display unit includes a cylindrical body having a transparent portion through which the measurement member is inserted and the displacement of the measurement member inside can be visually recognized.
The relative displacement measuring device according to claim 2, wherein a scale for measuring the displacement of the measuring member is marked on the cylindrical body. The relative displacement measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the rotation gripping portion includes a pair of rotating bodies gripping the wire member, and a regulating member regulating rotation of the rotating body only in one direction. . A relative displacement measurement method, which is disposed between at least two measurement points for measuring deformation of a structure due to external force, and measures a relative displacement amount between the measurement points,
The base is fixed to the structure at one of the two measurement points, and one end of the wire member, which is a measuring member, is fixed by the rotary grip held rotatably in the horizontal plane on the base. Grasping process,
Fixing the other end of the measurement member to the other of the two measurement points, and stretching the measurement member between the two measurement points;
When the rotating grip portion is pulled by tension from the other measurement point side, the rotation gripping portion irreversibly delivers the measurement member to the one end side according to the tension, and measures the delivery amount in a fixed period. by, it viewed including the step of measuring a relative displacement amount between the measuring points,
The relative displacement measuring method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, in the step of holding one end of the wire member, the base portion is housed in a distribution box for mounting a power outlet in a wall of a building .