JP6544806B2 - 眼疾患の治療および診断 - Google Patents
眼疾患の治療および診断 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6544806B2 JP6544806B2 JP2016524239A JP2016524239A JP6544806B2 JP 6544806 B2 JP6544806 B2 JP 6544806B2 JP 2016524239 A JP2016524239 A JP 2016524239A JP 2016524239 A JP2016524239 A JP 2016524239A JP 6544806 B2 JP6544806 B2 JP 6544806B2
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- A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- A61K38/164—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from bacteria
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- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
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Description
本出願は、2013年6月27日に出願された米国特許仮出願第61/840,045号の優先権を主張する。この出願の内容は、参照により全体に組み込まれる。
本発明は、眼疾患を治療または診断するための医薬組成物、試薬および方法に関する。
眼炎症性疾患は、多くの疾患および症状を包含する一般的な用語であり、炎症は、眼または周囲の組織に影響を与える。炎症は、白血球の異常な活性化および領域、例えば結膜上皮および涙腺への遊走に起因するものである。いくつかの治療が現在利用可能であるが、多くは、重大な副作用があるまたはすべての症状を緩和するのに非常に効果的ではない。したがって、眼炎症性疾患の治療および診断のための薬剤および試薬が必要とされる。
この発明は、眼炎症性疾患を治療または診断するための試薬および方法に関し、LFA−1を発現する活性化した炎症性細胞を特徴とする眼炎症を患う患者にLtxAを投与することが活性化した炎症性細胞の減少をもたらすという発見を具体化する。
LtxAは、グラム陰性バクテリア、アグリゲイティバクター・アクチノミセテムコミタンス(Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans)により産生された、〜115kDaタンパク質である(Kachlany,S.C.2010.J Dent Res 89:561−570.)。LtxAは、膜において孔を形成し、アポトーシスまたは壊死を引き起こすことにより特異的にヒトおよび旧世界サル(Old World Primates)の白血球を死滅させる(Mangan et al.,1991.Infect Immun 59:3267−72.)。LtxAは、LFA−1に特異的に結合するので、LFA−1を欠く細胞は、その特性に耐性がある(Kachlany,S.C.et al.,2010.Leukemia Research 34:777−85.)。例えば、LtxAは、ヒト赤血球細胞、ヒト上皮細胞、ラット細胞、またはマウス細胞に対して活性を有さない。LtxAはまた、ヒト末梢血の存在下で活性を維持する。
a.シングルコロニーのアグリゲイティバクター・アクチノミセテムコミタンス(Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans)を植菌し、培養物を増殖させる;
b.増殖した培養物を新鮮な培養液へ添加し、ガラスビーズを添加し、インキュベートする;
c.インキュベートした培養物を遠心分離し、ペレットおよび上清を生成する;
d.膜を通して上清をろ過し、ろ過した上清を得る;
e.(NH4)2SO4およびろ過した上清を共に混合し、混合物を生成する;
f.混合物を遠心分離し、混合物のペレットを生成する;
g.混合物のペレットをバッファーに再懸濁し、タンパク質の再懸濁液を生成する;
h.タンパク質の再懸濁液をカラムに通す;ならびに、
i.カラムから流出したタンパク質を収集する。
本発明はまた、眼投与に適したLtxAおよび薬学的に許容される担体を含む医薬組成物を提供する。薬学的に許容される担体の例は、制限されないが、アイゲル、アイクリーム、懸濁液型点眼液、洗眼液、軟膏、ゲル、リポソーム分散液、コロイド微粒子懸濁液、インプラントおよびコンタクトレンズなど、ならびに眼投与に適したものであると当技術分野で公知なその他の調製物を含む。したがって、LtxAを含む本発明の医薬組成物は、眼の周囲の領域への形態において医薬組成物のデリバリのために構成された一般的に公知なデバイスを用いて投与することができる。眼球インサート(ocular insert)はまた、生分解性の制御放出ポリマーマトリクスを含むことができる。眼球インサートは、眼の結膜、強膜、扁平部、前眼部、または後眼部にインプラントすることができる。インプラントは、眼表面への医薬組成物の制御放出、典型的には、長期間のわたるLtxの持続放出を提供する。本発明の医薬組成物の薬学的に許容される担体は、製剤の目的に有用であり、物質的にLtxAの新規で有用な性質に影響を与えない様々な不活性成分を含むことができる。
本発明は、疾患を特徴づける眼炎症を抑制するのに有効な量でLtxAおよび薬学的に許容される担体を含む医薬組成物を患者へ投与することによって、活性化した白血球の増加を特徴とする患者における眼炎症を特徴とする疾患の治療方法を提供する。他の実施形態において、本発明は、眼炎症を抑制するのに有効な量でロイコトキシンおよび薬学的に許容される担体を含む医薬組成物を患者へ投与することによって、活性化した白血球の増加を特徴とする患者における眼炎症を抑制する方法を提供する。
眼炎症は、眼炎症を発症していない健康な患者の白血球と比較して、より高いレベルの活性化した形態のLFA−1を発現する活性化した白血球の増加を特徴とすることができる。眼炎症性疾患患者の白血球に存在する、LFA−1は、薬学的剤の治療ターゲットを提供しつつ、これらの苦痛の治療を検出し、モニターするためのマーカーとして作用することができる。LtxAは、活性化した形態のLFA−1を発現する白血球を特異的にターゲットとし、よってそのような白血球によってもたらされる疾患を診断することに用いることができる。
別の態様において、本発明は、キットを提供する。一実施形態において、薬学的に許容される単位用量の薬学的に有効な量のロイトキシンを含むキット、および記載されているように、眼炎症性疾患を治療する方法を含む説明書のセットである。キットはさらに、眼領域へ薬学的に許容される単位用量の薬学的に有効な量のロイトキシンを投与するためのアプリケーターを含むことができる。眼のアプリケーターは、当技術分野で公知である。
ロイコトキシン(LtxA)は、細胞を死滅させない用量でさえ、白血球を死滅させ、内皮障壁を越える白血球の遊走を防止する。
材料および方法
LtxA精製:LtxAは、A.アクチノミセテムコミタンス(actinomycetemcomitans)株4500(Diaz et al.,(2006)Microb Pathog 40,48−55.)の培養上清から精製された。
Claims (7)
- 眼炎症を特徴とする疾患を治療するために使用される医薬組成物であって、
前記眼炎症は、前記治療を必要とする患者における活性化した白血球の増加を特徴とし、
前記眼炎症を抑制するのに有効な量で前記治療を必要とする患者に前記医薬組成物を投与することを含み、
前記医薬組成物がロイコトキシンおよび薬学的に許容される担体を含み、
前記疾患が眼炎症性疾患であり、前記眼炎症性疾患が乾性角結膜炎、糖尿病性網膜症、糖尿病性黄斑浮腫、眼の表面または結膜の炎症に関与するドライアイ、強膜炎、散弾状脈絡網膜炎(birdshot retinochoriodopathy)、眼瘢痕性類天疱瘡、角膜炎、交感性眼炎、フォークト・小柳・原田病(vogt−koyanagi harada)、フックス虹彩異色性ぶどう膜炎、ぶどう膜炎、毛様体扁平部炎、上強膜炎、視神経炎、眼窩偽腫瘍、網膜血管炎、眼アレルギー、および慢性結膜炎からなる群から選択され、
前記医薬組成物が眼領域に局所投与される、医薬組成物。 - 前記ロイコトキシンがアグリゲイティバクター・アクチノミセテムコミタンス(Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans)から調製される、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記ロイコトキシンが配列番号1に記載のアミノ酸配列と少なくとも90%の同一性を有する、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記患者に投与される量が眼領域における局所のサイトカインレベルを下げるのに有効である、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 1以上の前記サイトカインがIL−4、IL−5、IL−9、IL17FおよびIL−23αからなる群から選択される、請求項4に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記医薬組成物が点眼液ディスペンサーを用いるために処方され、および点眼液ディスペンサーを用いることにより投与される、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記活性化した白血球が正常で健常な患者からの白血球と比較して、より多くのLFA−1を発現する、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
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