JP6534233B1 - Sorting and collecting equipment for mixed waste - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To separate and collect plastic pieces smoothly and efficiently without making an apparatus complicated in separating and collecting mixed waste. SOLUTION: Mixed waste sucked by a blower, that is, waste including plastic film pieces, empty plastic bottles, empty aluminum cans, is separated and collected in a collection box. The separation of waste into the collection box is carried out by the reverse flow where the exhaust air flow from the discharge port collides with the wall surface. Just below the collision surface, place a heavy aluminum can, which is heavy dust, and a collection box of empty plastic bottles, and collect the plastic film pieces in a collection box away from this. The front wall is provided with a guide surface for the exhaust air flow to properly guide the flow. [Selected figure] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a sorting and collecting apparatus for mixed waste, for example, a sorting and collecting apparatus for mixed waste for sorting and collecting plastic film pieces.

  Generally, the collection of beverage containers is collected and stored in a plastic bag in a mixed state of plastic bottles, aluminum cans and the like, and thereafter the waste material is separated at a collection site. That is, the separation of the mixed waste is due to being collected as aluminum cans, iron cans, plastic bottles (plastic bottles), and glass bottles for each material of the beverage container. In this case, plastic bag fragments had to be removed from these separated wastes. This is because mixing of vinyl pieces is not preferable in the regeneration process.

Then, what was described in patent documents 1 as art which separates a vinyl piece (plastic film piece) automatically is known.
In this product, a torn plastic bag is suctioned by a blower from a suction hood and collected by a collector.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-320136

  However, in the waste sorting apparatus described in Patent Document 1, the suctioned plastic bag pieces and the like are once collected in water and then the plastic bag pieces are accommodated in the containing bag, so the plastic pieces from the water are removed. It is necessary to have a conveyor device etc. for collecting the components, and the configuration of the device is complicated and enlarged. In addition, since the vinyl pieces are sunk in water and mounted on a conveyor belt at the bottom of the water and carried out, there is also a problem that it takes time for recovery.

  Therefore, the inventor has found that as a result of intensive research, it is possible to easily separate by reversing the discharge flow of the sucked vinyl pieces, and completed the present invention.

  That is, the object of the present invention is to provide a mixed separation and recovery apparatus including plastic film pieces. The separate collection will promote the effective use of resources.

  The invention according to claim 1 is characterized in that when mixed debris including plastic film pieces and empty lightweight beverage containers are sucked and transported, and discharged to the collection chamber, each of the plurality of collection boxes disposed in the collection chamber In the separation and collection device for mixed waste that separates and collects the plastic film piece and the empty lightweight beverage container, the discharge port for mixed waste to the collection chamber is disposed at the upper rear wall of the collection chamber, When the mixed waste is discharged toward the front wall of the collection chamber from the outlet, the mixed waste is discharged obliquely downward in the collection chamber by being guided by the inclined guide surface provided on the front wall and The empty lightweight beverage container is recovered in the beverage container recovery box disposed on the floor near the front wall by being brought into contact with the front wall, and the film piece recovery disposed on the rear wall side from the beverage container recovery box Above plastic plastic in the box Arm piece is separate collection system mixed dust configured to be recovered.

  The mixed waste collection device breaks the collected waste bags and mixes the mixed waste therein, and the broken waste station on the conveyor belt of the transfer conveyor and the mixed waste on the conveyor belt downstream of the bag breaking station. And a suction station for suctioning with a blower. In addition, a heavy material in the mixed waste, for example, a bottle whose contents are left, cans, a glass container, etc. are not sucked by the blower.

The mixed waste includes a plastic film piece mounted by breaking a collection bag such as a beverage container, and an empty lightweight beverage container (for example, an empty plastic bottle, an empty aluminum can, etc.). The point is to include the above-mentioned empty aluminum can, an empty plastic bottle, and a plastic film piece as a size and weight that can be suctioned and transported by a blower. At this time, suction of mixed dust is generally performed by a blower.
The front wall is erected vertically in the collection chamber, and a collection box of plastic film pieces such as vinyl pieces is installed on the floor on the front wall side, and the plastic film discharged from the discharge port at the upper end of the front wall A guide wall is formed having an inclined surface which makes a flow of exhaust air including a piece, an open aluminum can and an open plastic bottle U-turn to flow toward the wall thereafter.

  In the invention according to claim 2, the beverage container recovery box is opposed to the front side wall which is perpendicular to the floor and stands along the front wall, and the upper side opening is larger than the bottom wall. It is a separate collection device of the mixed refuse according to claim 1 which has the back wall which inclined like this.

The left and right side walls and the ceiling of the recovery chamber can be formed of a mesh material, while the front wall is formed of a plate material (because it is a wall that reflects the air flow).
In the collection chamber, the plurality of collection boxes are arranged in order from the front wall side with respect to the garbage to be collected, in the order of heavy specific gravity. That is, from the front wall side toward the rear wall, empty beverage containers, for example, an empty plastic bottle and an empty aluminum can recovery box, and a plastic film piece recovery box are arranged in this order. As a result, heavy debris is reflected and dropped immediately below the front wall, and the lighter ones are dropped and accommodated in the collection box at a distant position by the air flow reflected by the front wall.
That is, a collection box of empty lightweight beverage containers is installed on the floor surface closest to the front wall to collect empty aluminum cans, empty plastic bottles, and pieces of plastic film and the like in the collection box on the rear wall side.
As described above, the mixed waste including the plastic film pieces on the conveyor belt is suctioned, conveyed in the suction pipe, and separated and discharged into a plurality of collection boxes in the collection chamber according to the type of the mixed waste.
When the mixed waste is discharged toward the front wall of the collection chamber, the mixed waste is guided obliquely downward by being guided by the guide surface of the front wall and is inverted and placed in the vicinity of the front wall by being abutted against the front wall The empty cans, the empty plastic bottles, etc. are mixed and collected in a collection box, and the plastic film pieces are separated and collected in the plastic film piece collection box disposed on the rear wall side from this.

  According to the invention of claim 1 and claim 2, the plastic film pieces are separated and collected from the mixed refuse including plastic film pieces, empty lightweight beverage containers such as empty plastic bottles, empty aluminum cans. Can. In addition, empty plastic bottles and empty aluminum cans, which are empty lightweight beverage containers, can also be collected separately from plastic films at the same time. Because of the blower suction, these can be separated smoothly and in a short time. It can greatly contribute to the effective use of resources. The recovered plastic film pieces can also be used as a fuel for cement plants, for example.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, it is possible to promote the formation of the U-turn flow of the air flow including the mixed waste discharged from the discharge port. That is, separation and recovery can be promoted.
The back wall side wall of the empty lightweight beverage container recovery box is formed with an inclined surface, and as the upper opening of the recovery box is enlarged from the bottom, the empty lightweight beverage container strikes the front wall and makes a U-turn. Fall into the box. At this time, the plastic film pieces which are lighter than these are blown away further and dropped and collected in the plastic film piece collecting box.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a front view which shows the schematic whole structure of the separation-and-collection apparatus of the mixed refuse which concerns on one Example of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the front wall of the collection | recovery chamber of the separation-and-recovery apparatus of the mixed refuse concerning one Example of this invention.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, reference numeral 11 denotes a separation and collection device for mixed waste, and the collection device 11 for mixed waste includes a conveyor device for transporting mixed waste. The conveyor device has a conveyor belt 12 and is provided with a bag opening station 121 disposed upstream of the conveyor belt 12 and a suction station 13 disposed downstream of the conveyor belt 12.
In the bag-breaking station 121, the collected waste bags (plastic bags) are broken, and mixed wastes (including plastic film pieces, empty aluminum cans and empty plastic bottles) therein are loaded on the conveyor belt 12. The operator performs this bag-breaking and mounting operation.
The suction station 13 is installed downstream of the bag-breaking station 121, and here, the mixed debris on the conveyor belt 12 is suctioned by the blower 14.
The blower 14 has suction pipes (suction tubes) 15A, 15B and 15C of a predetermined diameter, and one end of the suction pipe 15A is opened on the upper surface of the conveyor belt 12 to be a suction port. Further, the other end of the suction pipe 15C is opened to the collection chamber 21 to be a discharge port. The suction pipe 15B connects these suction pipes 15A and 15C. That is, the mixed debris on the conveyor belt 12 is suctioned from the suction port at the suction station 13 by the blower 14 and discharged to the collection chamber 21 from the discharge port.
Here, the mixed waste includes a plastic film piece such as a fragment of a plastic bag, an empty lightweight beverage container such as an empty plastic bottle (PET bottle) or an empty aluminum can.

The recovery chamber 21 has a floor surface of a predetermined size, and on the flat floor surface between the vertical front wall 22 and the rear wall 23 formed of a plate material, from the front wall side to the rear wall side A plurality of collection boxes A, B, C are arranged in order toward the head.
An empty plastic bottle and an empty aluminum can are dropped and collected in the collection box A on the wall, and plastic film pieces are accommodated and collected in the collection boxes B and C. These collection boxes A, B, and C are aluminum cans that are relatively heavy refuses from the front wall 22 side, and plastic films whose collection boxes A for PET bottles are relatively light refuses. Piece collection boxes B and C are arranged in this order. This is because the light dust is carried by the flow of air reflected on the front wall 22 and flies far, but aluminum cans and the like, which are heavy rubbish, fall immediately below the front wall collision, and the horizontal distance for flying is short It is from.
Specifically, the discharge port of the suction pipe 15C is disposed at the upper part of the rear wall 23 of the recovery chamber 21, and the discharge port is opened obliquely downward. Therefore, the mixed waste is discharged from the discharge port at a predetermined flow velocity so as to obliquely collide with the front wall 22 of the collection chamber 21. At this time, the mixed waste is discharged obliquely downward in the collection chamber 21 so as to cross near the ceiling in the collection chamber 21 and is guided by the inclined guide surface 24 provided at the upper end of the front wall 22 to It abuts on the front wall 22 at a predetermined angle. Mixed rubbish that collides collides with the front wall 22 and reverses (U-turns), and an empty plastic bottle and an empty aluminum can fall into the collection box A placed on the floor surface directly below the front wall 22 Ru. At the same time, in the collection box B and the collection box C disposed side by side from the collection box A on the rear wall 23 side, light refuse such as plastic film pieces are dropped and stored. Heavy wastes are collected in the front box, and light wastes are collected in the far airbox on the reversed air flow.

Further, the empty aluminum can and the recovery box A of the PET bottle are opposed to the front side wall 25 standing upright along the front wall 22 and perpendicular to the floor surface, and the upper side opening is the bottom wall 26. It has a rear side wall 27 inclined so as to be larger than that. That is, since the rear side wall 27 is inclined so as to open the upper opening widely toward the rear wall 23, the reduction of the reverse flow velocity is kept at a minimum without blocking the reverse air flow. It will be. Thus, the reverse air flow helps to ensure that the plastic film piece travels farther.
The side walls and the ceiling of the recovery chamber 21 are formed of mesh material. It is to prevent mixed dust from jumping out.
FIG. 2 shows the front wall 22 and the inclined surface 24 (the vertical front wall intersects at an angle of 30 to 45 degrees) which is the guide surface. The inclined surface 24 and the front wall surface 22 are covered with a U-shaped hood material (plate material that protrudes backward from the left and right ends and the upper edge by a predetermined length) 28 and the reverse air flow (reflection flow) is diffused To prevent.

In the separation and collection device 11 for mixed waste according to the above configuration, mixed waste (empty aluminum can, empty PET bottle, vinyl piece, etc.) that has been broken and mounted randomly and transported on the conveyor belt 12 ) Is sucked by the suction force of the blower 14 at the suction station 13. At this time, if heavy items such as glass cans and aluminum cans and plastic bottles in which undrinked beverages are enclosed are present on the conveyor belt 12, they will not be sucked, and the downstream side from this station 13 Are manually sorted and collected by the operator from above the conveyor belt 12.
The mixed waste transported through the suction pipes 15A, 15B, 15C is discharged from the discharge port into the collection chamber 21 together with the air flow of a predetermined speed. At this time, when the mixed waste is discharged obliquely downward from the discharge port, that is, toward the front wall 22, the mixed waste is guided to the inclined guide surface (inclined flat surface) 24 provided on the front wall 22. The inside of the recovery chamber 21 is discharged obliquely downward and abuts on the front wall 22. Then, the flow including the mixed trash that abuts is reversed, and a vacant aluminum can and a vacant plastic bottle are dropped and collected in the collection box A disposed on the floor surface in the vicinity of the front wall. In the collection boxes B and C with openings on the upper side arranged side by side on the rear wall 23 side (the central part of the collection chamber to the rear wall side), pieces of plastic film which is light waste obtained by removing heavy waste from mixed waste Dropped and stored. The side walls and the bottom wall of the recovery boxes B and C are formed of mesh material. Note that these collection boxes A, B, and C are collection boxes with casters, which make it easy to put in and out of the collection chamber 21.
In this case, the collection box A such as the empty aluminum can has a rear side wall 27 which is a flat plate which is opposed to the front side wall 25 standing vertically to the floor surface and inclined obliquely from below to the rear wall 23 side. . As a result of being guided by the rear side wall 27, the flow of the reverse air flow smoothly advances upward, and there is no hindrance to the rise and transport of light waste including vinyl pieces, and the collection is performed as set. It will be stored in boxes B and C respectively.
The waste discharge flow (indicated by a broken line in the figure) formed in the collection chamber 21 is directed obliquely downward from the discharge port and abuts on the front wall 22 to be inverted, and is directed obliquely downward to the floor surface or the bottom surface of the collection box A. It has a U-turned flow shape that is reflected obliquely upward. Since the front wall 22 which first collides is surrounded by the hood material 28 as shown in FIG. 2, the front wall 22 is formed as an air flow of a predetermined speed without being diffused by the guide surface 24.
The open areas on the upper side of the collection box A such as an empty plastic bottle and the collection boxes B and C of plastic film pieces which are light waste are respectively determined by the amount of the waste.

  The present invention is useful as a technology of a mixed waste separation and collection device using wind power.

11 Sorting and collecting equipment for mixed waste,
14 blowers,
15A, 15B, 15C Suction tube,
21 collection rooms,
22 front wall,
24 guide faces,
27 rear wall,
A, B, C Recovery box.

Claims (2)

When the mixed waste including plastic film pieces and empty lightweight beverage containers are sucked and transported, and discharged to the collection chamber, the plastic film pieces and empty lightweight members are respectively contained in a plurality of collection boxes disposed in the collection chamber In the separation and collection device for mixed waste that separates and collects from the beverage container,
An inclined guide surface provided on the front wall when the mixed waste discharge port to the collection chamber is disposed at the upper rear wall of the collection chamber and mixed debris is discharged from the discharge port toward the front wall of the collection chamber The mixed waste is discharged obliquely downward in the recovery chamber and is abutted against the front wall and inverted to be placed on the floor surface in the vicinity of the front wall. An apparatus for separating and collecting mixed trash, wherein the plastic film pieces are collected in a film piece collection box disposed on the rear wall side of the beverage container collection box while the container is collected.   The beverage container recovery box has a front side wall which is perpendicular to the floor and stands along the front wall, and a rear side wall which is opposed to the front side wall and whose upper opening is larger than the bottom side wall. The separated and collected device for mixed waste according to Item 1.

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