JP6531155B2 - Concrete pile - Google Patents

Concrete pile Download PDF

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JP6531155B2
JP6531155B2 JP2017224420A JP2017224420A JP6531155B2 JP 6531155 B2 JP6531155 B2 JP 6531155B2 JP 2017224420 A JP2017224420 A JP 2017224420A JP 2017224420 A JP2017224420 A JP 2017224420A JP 6531155 B2 JP6531155 B2 JP 6531155B2
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pile
concrete
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piles
concrete pile
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泰徳 松中
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本発明は、例えば高層ビル等の構造物の基礎杭として用いられ、構造物を支持するために地中に埋設されるコンクリート杭に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a concrete pile used as a foundation pile of a structure such as a high-rise building, for example, and buried in the ground to support the structure.

一般に、高層ビル等の構造物は、構造物の基礎から地中に向かって延びる複数のコンクリート杭を備え、コンクリート杭によって支持されている(例えば、特許文献1参照)。   Generally, a structure such as a high-rise building includes a plurality of concrete piles extending from the foundation of the structure to the ground, and is supported by the concrete piles (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

また、コンクリート杭は、工場等で製造されたPC杭(プレストレスト・コンクリート杭)等を回転圧入やハンマーで打ち込む既製コンクリート杭と、予め掘削したボーリング孔にコンクリートを流し込む場所打ちコンクリート杭があり、円柱状のものが広く用いられている。また、杭本体の中に鉄筋を有するか否かにより、無筋コンクリート杭と鉄筋コンクリート杭に分類される。   There are two types of concrete piles: ready-made concrete piles in which PC piles (prestressed concrete piles) manufactured in factories etc. are driven by rotary press-in and hammer, and cast-in-place concrete piles in which concrete is poured into boring holes excavated in advance. Columnar ones are widely used. In addition, depending on whether or not there is a reinforcing bar in the pile body, it is classified into unreinforced concrete pile and reinforced concrete pile.

ところで、コンクリート杭は、上下方向(杭軸方向)に対して高い圧縮強度を有するが、横方向の外力に対しては脆い性質を有するため、地震時の側方からの土圧に対する耐久性を高める必要がある。そこで、例えば下杭にコンクリート杭を用い、上杭にせん断耐力の大きい鋼管杭やSC杭を用いたり、或いは上杭にコンクリート杭を用いる場合に、上杭のコンクリートに埋め込まれる鉄筋籠中のPC鋼棒を増量するなど、杭本体のせん断耐力を向上させるようにしたものが知られている。   By the way, concrete piles have high compressive strength in the vertical direction (pile axis direction), but have a property of being fragile against external force in the lateral direction, so durability against earth pressure from the side during earthquakes Need to raise. Therefore, for example, when using a concrete pile for the lower pile, using a steel pipe pile or SC pile with high shear strength for the upper pile, or using the concrete pile for the upper pile, PC in the rebar weir embedded in the concrete of the upper pile It is known to improve the shear resistance of the pile body, such as increasing the number of steel rods.

特許第4468102号公報Patent No. 4468102

しかしながら、前述のように、杭本体のせん断耐力を向上させるために鋼管杭等の補強部材を用いる場合は、杭本体の構造が複雑になり、杭本体の製造や現場での施工が煩雑になるとともに、コストが高くなるという問題点があった。   However, as described above, when reinforcing members such as steel pipe piles are used to improve the shear strength of the pile body, the structure of the pile body becomes complicated, and the manufacture of the pile body and the construction at the site become complicated. In addition, there is a problem that the cost is high.

本発明は前記問題点に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的とするところは、構造を複雑化させることなく側方からの土圧を低減することのできるコンクリート杭を提供することにある。   The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a concrete pile capable of reducing the earth pressure from the side without complicating the structure.

本発明は前記目的を達成するために、構造物の下部から下方に向かって延びる杭本体を備え、構造物を支持するために地中に埋設され、前記杭本体の外周面が杭本体の周方向に配列された複数の山形の突出部によって形成されたコンクリート杭において、前記杭本体を互いに軸方向端部同士を係合した複数の杭部によって形成し、各杭部を互いに係合部で屈曲可能且つ前記杭本体の軸芯を中心として回転可能に係合したことを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises a pile body extending downward from the lower part of the structure, and is buried in the ground to support the structure, and the outer peripheral surface of the pile body is the periphery of the pile body In a concrete pile formed by a plurality of mountain-shaped protrusions arranged in a direction, the pile main body is formed by a plurality of piles in which axial end portions are engaged with each other , and the piles are mutually engaged It is characterized in that it is bendable and rotatably engaged around an axis of the pile main body .

これにより、構造物に地震等の横揺れが生ずると、杭本体が側方からの土圧を受けるが、杭本体の外周面は互いに杭本体の周方向に配列された複数の山形の突出部によって形成されるとともに、杭本体を構成する複数の杭部が、互いに屈曲及び回転するように係合されていることから、側方からの土圧が生ずると、各杭部が係合部で屈曲または回転することにより、杭本体に加わる土圧が低減される。 As a result, when a lateral movement such as an earthquake occurs in the structure, the pile main body receives the earth pressure from the side, but the outer peripheral surface of the pile main body is a plurality of mountain-shaped protrusions arranged mutually in the circumferential direction of the pile main body Rutotomoni formed by a plurality of piles portion constituting the pile body, because it is engaged to flex and rotate with respect to each other, the earth pressure from the side occurs, the pile portion in the engaging portion By bending or rotating, the earth pressure applied to the pile body is reduced.

本発明によれば、地震等の横揺れにより杭本体に加わる土圧を低減することができるので、巨大地震による杭本体の崩壊を防ぐ上で効果的である。この場合、杭本体を構成する各杭部がそれぞれ係合部にて屈曲または回転することにより、杭本体に加わる土圧を低減することができる。これにより、他に補強部材を用いなくとも地震に対する耐久性を向上させることができるので、構造の複雑化及びコストの増加を来すことがないという利点がある。 According to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the earth pressure applied to the pile body due to the lateral movement of the earthquake or the like, which is effective in preventing the collapse of the pile body due to a huge earthquake. In this case, the earth pressure applied to the pile main body can be reduced by bending or rotating each pile portion constituting the pile main body at the engagement portion. As a result, the resistance to earthquakes can be improved without using any other reinforcing member, so that there is an advantage that the structure does not become complicated and the cost does not increase.

本発明の第1の実施形態を示すコンクリート杭の斜視図The perspective view of the concrete pile which shows the 1st embodiment of the present invention コンクリート杭の要部側面断面図Side cross-sectional view of main part of concrete pile 上杭部の平面断面図Top cross section of upper pile コンクリート杭を用いた構造物の斜視図Perspective view of a structure using concrete piles コンクリート杭への土圧の作用を示す平面断面図Plane sectional view showing the action of earth pressure on concrete piles コンクリート杭の動作を示す要部側面断面図Principal part side sectional view showing operation of concrete pile 本発明の第2の実施形態を示すコンクリート杭の要部側面断面Principal part side cross section of the concrete pile which shows the 2nd execution form of this invention 変形例を示す杭本体の平面断面図Plane sectional view of pile main body which shows a modification

図1乃至図6は本発明の第1の実施形態を示すもので、高層ビル等の構造物を支持するためのコンクリート杭を示すものである。   1 to 6 show a first embodiment of the present invention, and show a concrete pile for supporting a structure such as a high-rise building.

同図に示すコンクリート杭は、上下方向に延びる杭本体10を備え、杭本体10は杭軸方向二つに分割されている。即ち、杭本体10は上杭部11と下杭部12とからなり、上杭部11及び下杭部12は上側係合部13及び下側係合部14を介して互いに係合している。   The concrete pile shown in the figure includes a pile main body 10 extending in the vertical direction, and the pile main body 10 is divided into two in the pile axial direction. That is, the pile main body 10 is composed of the upper pile portion 11 and the lower pile portion 12, and the upper pile portion 11 and the lower pile portion 12 are engaged with each other through the upper engagement portion 13 and the lower engagement portion 14 .

上杭部11及び下杭部12は、軸方向に直交する断面が略星形をなすように形成されている。即ち、上杭部11及び下杭部12は、外周面を複数の山形の突出部15が互いに谷部15aを間にして杭本体10の周方向に連続して配列されるように形成されている。各突出部15は断面三角形状に形成され、その頂部15bは鋭角に形成されている。また、下杭部12の下端側は下方に向かって徐々に細くなるように先鋭に形成されている。   The upper pile portion 11 and the lower pile portion 12 are formed such that a cross section orthogonal to the axial direction has a substantially star shape. That is, the upper pile portion 11 and the lower pile portion 12 are formed such that a plurality of mountain-shaped protruding portions 15 are continuously arranged in the circumferential direction of the pile main body 10 with the valley portions 15a between each other. There is. Each protrusion 15 is formed in a triangular shape in cross section, and its top 15 b is formed at an acute angle. Moreover, the lower end side of the lower pile part 12 is formed acutely so that it may become thin gradually toward the downward direction.

上側係合部13は、上杭部11の下端面を覆う下面部13aと、下面部13aの周縁から上杭部11の外周面の下端側を覆うように上方に延びる側面部13bと、下面部13aの中央から下方に突出する凸部13cとからなり、凸部13cは円錐状に形成されている。   The upper engaging portion 13 has a lower surface 13a covering the lower end surface of the upper pile portion 11, a side surface 13b extending upward from the periphery of the lower surface 13a so as to cover the lower end side of the outer peripheral surface of the upper pile 11, and the lower surface It consists of the convex part 13c which protrudes below from the center of the part 13a, and the convex part 13c is formed conically.

下側係合部14は、下杭部12の上端面を覆う上面部14aと、上面部14aの周縁から下杭部11の外周面の上端側を覆うように下方に延びる側面部14bと、上面部14の中央側に設けられた凹部14cとからなり、凹部14cは内面を円錐状に形成されている。   The lower engagement portion 14 includes an upper surface portion 14a covering the upper end surface of the lower pile portion 12, and a side surface portion 14b extending downward from the periphery of the upper surface portion 14a so as to cover the upper end side of the outer peripheral surface of the lower pile portion 11. The recess 14c is provided on the center side of the upper surface portion 14, and the recess 14c has a conical inner surface.

前記コンクリート杭は、上杭部11の下端と下杭部12の上端とを上側係合部13及び下側係合部14を介して係合される。その際、図2に示すように上杭部11の凸部13cと下側係合部14の凹部14cとが互いに係合することにより、上杭部11と下杭部12との軸方向に直交する方向への相対的な移動が規制される。また、凸部13cの突出高さは凹部14cの深さよりも大きくなっており、これにより上側係合部13の下面部13aと下側係合部14の上面部14との間にクリアランスCが設けられている。   The concrete pile is engaged with the lower end of the upper pile portion 11 and the upper end of the lower pile portion 12 via the upper engaging portion 13 and the lower engaging portion 14. At that time, as shown in FIG. 2, the convex portion 13 c of the upper pile portion 11 and the concave portion 14 c of the lower engagement portion 14 engage with each other in the axial direction of the upper pile portion 11 and the lower pile portion 12. The relative movement in the orthogonal direction is restricted. Further, the protruding height of the convex portion 13c is larger than the depth of the concave portion 14c, whereby a clearance C is formed between the lower surface portion 13a of the upper engaging portion 13 and the upper surface portion 14 of the lower engaging portion 14. It is provided.

以上のように構成されたコンクリート杭は、例えば工場等で製造され、現場で打ち込まれて地中に埋設される。この場合、コンクリート杭は、無筋コンクリート杭であってもよく、鉄筋コンクリート杭であってもよい。   The concrete pile configured as described above is manufactured, for example, in a factory or the like, and is driven in the field and buried in the ground. In this case, the concrete pile may be a non-barbed concrete pile or a reinforced concrete pile.

本実施形態のコンクリート杭は、例えば図4に示す高層ビル等の構造物1に用いられる。構造物1は、建物本体2と、建物本体2の基礎3を支持する地中梁4とを有し、地中梁4から複数のコンクリート杭が下方に延びている。この場合、各コンクリート杭は、上杭部11の上端を地中梁5に固定され、地中に埋設されている。   The concrete pile of the present embodiment is used, for example, for a structure 1 such as a high-rise building shown in FIG. The structure 1 has a building body 2 and underground beams 4 for supporting the foundation 3 of the building body 2, and a plurality of concrete piles extend downward from the underground beams 4. In this case, each concrete pile has the upper end of the upper pile portion 11 fixed to the underground beam 5 and is buried in the ground.

前記構造物1に地震時の横揺れが生ずると、各コンクリート杭の杭本体10が側方からの土圧を受ける。その際、杭本体10の外周面は互いに杭本体10の周方向に配列された複数の山形の突出部15によって形成されているので、図5に示すように側方からの土圧が生ずると、周囲の土が実線矢印で示すように突出部15の頂部15bから杭本体10の外方に向かって左右に分散し、杭本体10に加わる土圧が低減される。また、側方からの土圧によって杭本体10に曲げ方向の外力が生ずると、図6に示すように下杭部12が上杭部11に対して上側係合部13及び下側係合部14を中心に屈曲し、杭本体10に対する曲げ方向の外力が吸収される。   When a rolling shake occurs in the structure 1 at the time of an earthquake, the pile body 10 of each concrete pile receives the earth pressure from the side. At that time, since the outer peripheral surface of the pile main body 10 is formed by a plurality of mountain-shaped protrusions 15 arranged in the circumferential direction of the pile main body 10, as shown in FIG. The surrounding soil is dispersed to the left and right from the top 15b of the protrusion 15 to the outside of the pile main body 10 as indicated by solid arrows, and the earth pressure applied to the pile main body 10 is reduced. Further, when an external force in the bending direction is generated in the pile main body 10 due to the earth pressure from the side, the lower pile portion 12 with respect to the upper pile portion 11 is the upper engagement portion 13 and the lower engagement portion as shown in FIG. The external force in the bending direction with respect to the pile main body 10 is absorbed.

このように、本実施形態のコンクリート杭によれば、杭本体10の外周面を杭本体10の周方向に配列された複数の山形の突出部15によって形成したので、地震時の横揺れにより杭本体10に加わる土圧を低減することができ、巨大地震による杭本体10の崩壊を防ぐ上で効果的である。この場合、杭本体10の断面形状を突出部15からなる略星形とすることにより、従来のように断面円形のコンクリート杭に比べて杭本体10に加わる土圧を低減することができる。これにより、従来のように鋼管杭やSC杭等の補強部材を用いなくとも地震に対する耐久性を向上させることができるので、構造の複雑化及びコストの増加を来すことがないという利点がある。   As described above, according to the concrete pile of the present embodiment, the outer peripheral surface of the pile body 10 is formed by the plurality of mountain-shaped projecting portions 15 arranged in the circumferential direction of the pile body 10, so The earth pressure applied to the main body 10 can be reduced, which is effective in preventing the collapse of the pile main body 10 due to a huge earthquake. In this case, by setting the cross-sectional shape of the pile main body 10 to be substantially star-shaped including the projecting portion 15, the earth pressure applied to the pile main body 10 can be reduced as compared with a conventional concrete pile having a circular cross-section. As a result, the durability against earthquakes can be improved without using reinforcing members such as steel pipe piles and SC piles as in the prior art, so that there is an advantage that the structure does not become complicated and the cost does not increase. .

また、杭本体10を互いに軸方向端部同士を係合した上杭部11及び下杭部12によって形成し、上杭部11及び下杭部12を互いに係合部で屈曲可能に係合したので、上杭部11及び下杭部12の相対的な回動により杭本体10に対する曲げ方向の外力を吸収することができ、杭本体10の崩壊防止に極めて有利である。   Further, the pile main body 10 is formed by the upper pile portion 11 and the lower pile portion 12 in which the axial direction end portions are engaged with each other, and the upper pile portion 11 and the lower pile portion 12 are engaged so as to be bendable at the engaging portion. Therefore, the relative rotation of the upper pile portion 11 and the lower pile portion 12 can absorb the external force in the bending direction with respect to the pile main body 10, which is extremely advantageous for preventing the pile main body 10 from collapsing.

更に、上杭部11及び下杭部12を係合する上側係合部13及び下側係合部14を凸部13c及び凹部14cによって形成したので、上側係合部13及び下側係合部14を端部同士の突き合わせにより容易に係合することができ、現場での施工を速やかに行うことができる。   Furthermore, since the upper engaging portion 13 and the lower engaging portion 14 for engaging the upper pile portion 11 and the lower pile portion 12 are formed by the convex portion 13 c and the concave portion 14 c, the upper engaging portion 13 and the lower engaging portion 14 can be easily engaged by end-to-end butting, and construction on site can be performed promptly.

この場合、凸部13c及び凹部14cの係合面を円錐状に形成したので、上杭部11及び下杭部12を軸心回りに相対的に回動させることができ、杭本体10に対する捻り方向の外力を吸収することができる。   In this case, since the engagement surface of the convex portion 13c and the concave portion 14c is formed in a conical shape, the upper pile portion 11 and the lower pile portion 12 can be relatively rotated about the axial center, and the torsion with respect to the pile main body 10 is twisted. The external force in the direction can be absorbed.

尚、前記実施形態では、上側係合部13及び下側係合部14の凸部13c及び凹部14cを円錐状に形成したものを示したが、図7の第2の実施形態に示すように、上側係合部13及び下側係合部14に半球状の凸部13d及び凹部14dを設けるようにしてもよい。   In the embodiment described above, the projections 13c and the recesses 14c of the upper engaging portion 13 and the lower engaging portion 14 are formed in a conical shape, but as shown in the second embodiment of FIG. The hemispherical convex portion 13 d and the concave portion 14 d may be provided on the upper engaging portion 13 and the lower engaging portion 14.

これにより、上杭部11及び下杭部12の屈曲及び回動が凸部13d及び凹部14dの球面の摺動によって行われることから、凸部13d及び凹部14dの中心が相対的に変位することがなく、杭本体10の曲げ方向及び捻り方向の外力をそれぞれ円滑に吸収することができる。   Thereby, since the bending and rotation of the upper pile portion 11 and the lower pile portion 12 are performed by the sliding of the spherical surfaces of the convex portion 13 d and the concave portion 14 d, the centers of the convex portion 13 d and the concave portion 14 d are relatively displaced. Therefore, the external force in the bending direction and the twisting direction of the pile main body 10 can be smoothly absorbed.

また、図8に示す変形例のように、各突出部15間の谷部を曲面状の谷部15cによって形成すれば、谷部15cのクラックを防止することができる。   Further, as in the modification shown in FIG. 8, when the valleys between the protrusions 15 are formed by the curved valleys 15c, it is possible to prevent the cracks in the valleys 15c.

1…構造物、10…杭本体、11…上杭部、12…下杭部、13…上側係合部、13c,13d…凸部、14…下側係合部、14c,14d…凹部、15…凸部、15a,15c…谷部。   DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Structure, 10 ... Pile main body, 11 ... Upper pile part, 12 ... Lower pile part, 13 ... Upper side engagement part, 13c, 13d ... Convex part, 14 ... Lower side engagement part, 14c, 14d ... Recess, 15: Convex part, 15a, 15c: Valley part.

Claims (4)

構造部の下部から下方に向かって延びる杭本体を備え、構造物を支持するために地中に埋設され、前記杭本体の外周面が杭本体の周方向に配列された複数の山形の突出部によって形成されたコンクリート杭において、
前記杭本体を互いに軸方向端部同士を係合した複数の杭部によって形成し、
各杭部を互いに係合部で屈曲可能且つ前記杭本体の軸芯を中心として回転可能に係合した
ことを特徴とするコンクリート杭。
A plurality of mountain-shaped protrusions including a pile body extending downward from the lower part of the structure and embedded in the ground to support the structure, the outer peripheral surface of the pile body being arranged in the circumferential direction of the pile body In the concrete pile formed by
The pile body is formed by a plurality of piles in which the axial ends are engaged with each other;
A concrete pile characterized in that each pile portion is bendable at an engagement portion and rotatably engaged about an axial center of the pile body .
前記各杭部同士を係合する係合部を凸部及び凹部によって形成した
ことを特徴とする請求項記載のコンクリート杭。
Concrete piles according to claim 1, characterized in that the engagement portion for engaging the respective pile portions formed by the convex and concave portions.
前記凸部及び凹部を円錐状に形成した
ことを特徴とする請求項記載のコンクリート杭。
The concrete pile according to claim 2, wherein the convex portion and the concave portion are formed in a conical shape.
前記凸部及び凹部を半球状に形成した
ことを特徴とする請求項記載のコンクリート杭。
The concrete pile according to claim 2, wherein the convex portion and the concave portion are formed in a hemispherical shape.
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JPH07189246A (en) * 1993-12-27 1995-07-28 Shintoku Kogyo Kk Joint structure of pile
JP3622385B2 (en) * 1996-12-11 2005-02-23 清水建設株式会社 Pile structure
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JP4636416B2 (en) * 2007-03-06 2011-02-23 日本ヒューム株式会社 Seismic isolation device mounting structure on pile head and its mounting method

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