JP6529113B2 - Vibratory water column type wave power generator and method for obtaining control law for deriving air chamber volume used therein - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a vibrating water column type wave power generator and a method of determining a control law for deriving an air chamber volume used therein.

  BACKGROUND ART In recent years, a wave power generation apparatus that generates power using energy of waves in the ocean or the like attracts attention. As a wave power generation device, an air chamber in which a part of the submerged portion is opened is installed, and the water surface in the air chamber is moved up and down by waves incident from there, and the air flow accompanying the change of the air volume in the air chamber. An oscillating water column type wave power generation device which generates electric power by rotating an air turbine installed in an air port is mentioned. Air turbines sometimes use Wells turbines that rotate in the same direction in a reciprocating air flow.

  In such a wave power generation apparatus, an throttling valve for emergency is provided in the flow path of air entering and exiting the air turbine, and the throttling valve is operated when the speed or wave height of the air turbine reaches a set value or more. An arrangement for controlling the flow rate of air flowing into an air turbine is disclosed (Patent Document 1). In addition, in an energy conversion device including a cylinder and a floating piston fitted in the cylinder and generating air flow by the vertical movement of the piston, an air pipe provided with a non-return valve and a solenoid valve at the top of the cylinder Patent Document 2 discloses a configuration in which the solenoid valve is closed by the output of a first sensor that detects the approach of the piston to the upper limit position of the air chamber of the cylinder.

  In addition, an intake valve that allows air to flow into the air chamber as the air volume in the air chamber increases, an exhaust valve that allows air to flow out of the air chamber as the air volume decreases, and air are stored. There is disclosed a wave power generation apparatus provided with a pressure control valve that supplies air to a generator when the pressure exceeds a predetermined pressure (Patent Document 3).

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 54-55251 JP, 2011-21559, A Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2003-3943

  By the way, in the oscillating water column type wave power generation device, the power generation efficiency in the generator changes depending on the period (wave period) of the vertical movement of the incident wavefront and the height (wave height) of the wave. Therefore, it is desirable to maximize the power generation efficiency according to the wave period and the wave height.

  Heretofore, there has been no recognition that the volume of the air chamber (air spring) has a significant influence on the overall behavior of the oscillating water column type wave power generator, and the generation efficiency has been improved by adjusting only the recovery force by water. However, it is difficult to change the shape under the water surface to adjust the stability of water after manufacturing the oscillating water column type wave power generator, and the stability of water is controlled according to the state of the wave during operation. It is difficult.

  The present invention relates to a vibrating water column type wave power generation apparatus which changes the oscillation natural period of a water column according to wave conditions by adjusting the volume (air spring) of the air chamber to enhance power generation efficiency, and an air chamber used therefor Provides a method of determining a control law for volume derivation.

In the vibrating water column type wave power generator according to claim 1 of the present invention, the water column in the air chamber is vibrated by the vertical movement of the incident wave to cause the air flow, and the power generation is performed by the generator using the air flow. Vibration natural wave type wave power generator to be performed, wherein the natural wave period adjustment means for adjusting the natural movement period of the water column, the wave state detection means for detecting the wave period of the wave, and the wave state detection means The equivalent damping of the turbine for rotating the generator is determined based on the air flow velocity when the wave period and the oscillation natural period of the water column cause resonance, and the oscillation inherent is determined so as to cause the resonance based on the equivalent attenuation. A vibrating water column type wave power generator comprising oscillation natural period control means for controlling the period adjustment means.

Further, it is preferable that the oscillation natural period adjustment means includes volume change means for changing the volume of the air chamber. Before SL upset the natural period control means applies a control law for air chamber volume derivation for adjusting the upset the natural period of the water column in the wave period detected in the wave state detecting means, the volume of the air chamber It is preferable to control the oscillation natural period adjusting means so as to obtain a volume derived by the control law. Further, the wave state detecting means further detecting the height of the wave, the upset the natural period control means the detected said height in the wave state detecting means for adjusting the upset the natural period of the water column wherein further applied to the air chamber said control law for the volume derivation, it is preferable that the volume of the air chamber to control the upset natural period adjusting means so as to volume derived by the control law.

  At this time, the wave state detecting means automatically detects the wave cycle at all times or at fixed time intervals, and the oscillation natural cycle control means applies the wave cycle automatically detected to the control law, and the air It is preferable to control the motion natural period adjusting means so that the volume of the chamber is the volume derived by the control law.

  Specifically, for example, the volume changing unit preferably includes an auxiliary air chamber in communication with the air chamber, and a piston for changing the volume of the auxiliary air chamber. Further, for example, the volume changing unit preferably includes an auxiliary air chamber in communication with the air chamber, and an open / close valve for opening and closing a communication passage to the auxiliary air chamber. The auxiliary air chamber and the on-off valve may be provided in plural sets. In addition, for example, the volume changing unit preferably includes a movable partition that partitions a part of the air chamber, and a partition moving unit that moves the partition. Note that a plurality of sets of the partition walls and the partition wall moving means may be provided.

  Preferably, the oscillation natural period control means controls a generator load of the generator.

  According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of obtaining a control law for deriving a volume of an air chamber, wherein the water column in the air chamber is vibrated by the vertical movement of incident waves to cause air flow, and power generation using air flow. A vibrating water column type wave power generator that generates electric power by an aircraft, wherein the control law for calculating the volume of the air chamber is calculated when adjusting the oscillation natural period of the water column according to the condition of the wave; The step 1 of setting the wave period of the wave, the step 2 of determining the air flow velocity when the wave period and the oscillation natural period of the water column cause resonance, the step 3 of setting the load of the generator, and Method comprising determining 4 equivalent damping of a turbine for rotating the generator based on air flow velocity, and 5 determining volume of the air chamber causing the resonance based on the equivalent damping A.

  Here, the volume of the air chamber necessary for the resonance determined in the step 5 is applied to the whole system of the oscillating water column type wave power generator to estimate the behavior of the whole system, and is fed back to the step 2 Thus, it is preferable to determine the air flow velocity at the time of causing the resonance obtained from the estimation of the behavior.

  Further, in the step 2, it is preferable to determine the response magnification of the air in the air chamber due to the up and down movement of the wave as a value corresponding to the average equivalent attenuation to obtain an initial value of the air flow velocity.

According to the vibrating water column type wave power generation device according to the first aspect of the present invention, the water column in the air chamber is vibrated by the vertical movement of the incident wave to cause the air flow, and the generator is generated using the air flow. The vibration water column type wave power generation apparatus for generating power, comprising: motion natural period adjustment means for adjusting the motion natural period of the water column, wave state detection means for detecting the wave period of the wave, and the wave state detection means The equivalent damping of the turbine for rotating the generator is determined based on the detected wave period and the air flow velocity when the oscillation natural period of the water column causes resonance, and the resonance is generated based on the equivalent damping. By providing the oscillation natural period control means for controlling the oscillation natural period adjustment means, it is possible to adjust the air in the air chamber to make the oscillation natural period of the water column in the air chamber as close as possible to the wave period of the wave. , It is possible to improve the power generation efficiency by the air flow.

  Further, the oscillation natural period adjustment means is provided with a volume changing means for changing the volume of the air chamber, thereby more easily adjusting the volume (air spring) in the air chamber to oscillate the water column in the air chamber. The natural period can be as close as possible to the wave period of the wave. Therefore, the power generation efficiency by the flow of air can be easily improved.

The front Symbol upset the natural period control means applies a control law for air chamber volume derivation for adjusting the upset the natural period of the water column to the detected the wave period was in the wave state detecting means, said air chamber According to the wave period of the wave, the oscillation natural period of the water column is made as close as possible to the wave period of the wave by controlling the fluctuation natural period adjusting means so that the volume is the volume derived by the control law. Power generation efficiency according to the wave period of the wave.

Further, the wave state detecting means further detects the height of the wave, the upset the natural period control means the detected said height in the wave state detecting means, for adjusting the upset the natural period of the water column wherein further applied to the air chamber said control law for the volume derived by the volume of the air chamber to control the upset natural period adjusting means so as to volume derived by the control law, the wave height of the waves Accordingly, the oscillation natural period of the water column can be made as close as possible to the wave period of the wave, and the power generation efficiency can be improved according to the wave height of the wave.

  At this time, the wave state detecting means automatically detects the wave cycle at all times or at fixed time intervals, and the oscillation natural cycle control means applies the wave cycle automatically detected to the control law, and the air It is possible to easily improve the power generation efficiency according to the wave period of the wave which changes with time by controlling the oscillation natural period adjusting means so that the volume of the chamber is the volume derived by the control law. it can.

  Further, the volume changing means includes an auxiliary air chamber in communication with the air chamber and a piston for changing the volume of the auxiliary air chamber, thereby moving the piston according to the condition of the wave. It becomes possible to easily change the shaking cycle. Further, the volume changing means opens and closes the on-off valve according to the condition of the wave by providing an auxiliary air chamber in communication with the air chamber and an on-off valve for opening and closing a communication passage to the auxiliary air chamber. This makes it possible to easily change the oscillation period of the water column. Further, the volume changing means moves the partition according to the condition of the wave by providing a movable partition which partitions a part of the air chamber, and a partition moving unit which moves the partition. It becomes possible to easily change the oscillation period of the water column.

  Further, the oscillation natural period control means adjusts the equivalent attenuation of the turbine of the generator by controlling the generator load of the generator to adjust the oscillation natural period of the water column in the air chamber to the wave period of the wave. As a result, the power generation efficiency by the flow of air can be improved.

  According to the method for obtaining the control law for deriving the air chamber volume according to claim 10 of the present invention, the water column in the air chamber is vibrated by the vertical movement of the incident wave to cause the air flow, and the air flow is used. In a vibrating water column type wave power generation apparatus which generates electric power by a generator, a method of obtaining a control law for calculating the volume of the air chamber when adjusting the oscillation natural period of the water column according to the condition of the wave A step 1 of setting the wave period of the wave, a step 2 of obtaining an air flow velocity when the wave period and the oscillation natural period of the water column cause resonance, and a step 3 of setting a load of the generator C., by determining the equivalent damping of the turbine for rotating the generator based on the air flow velocity, and determining the volume of the air chamber causing the resonance based on the equivalent damping; Serial upset the natural period of the air chamber of the water column can be determined control law for close as possible to the wave period of the waves, it is possible to improve the power generation efficiency due to air flow in accordance with the control law.

  Here, the volume of the air chamber necessary for the resonance determined in the step 5 is applied to the whole system of the oscillating water column type wave power generator to estimate the behavior of the whole system, and is fed back to the step 2 Thus, the control law for further improving the power generation efficiency by the flow of air can be obtained by obtaining the air flow velocity when causing the resonance obtained from the estimation of the behavior.

  Further, in the step 2, an appropriate initial value can be obtained by determining the response magnification of the air in the air chamber due to the up and down movement of the wave as a value corresponding to the average equivalent attenuation and obtaining the initial value of the air flow velocity. Based on the above, it is possible to obtain a control law for bringing the oscillation natural period of the water column in the air chamber as close as possible to the wave period of the wave, and according to the control law, it is possible to improve the power generation efficiency by the flow of air.

It is a figure which shows the structure of the oscillating water column type wave power generation device in embodiment of this invention. It is a figure explaining the electric power generation by the oscillating water column type wave power generation device in an embodiment of the invention. It is a figure which shows the dynamic model of a vibrating water column type wave power generation device. It is a flowchart of the method of calculating | requiring the control law for air chamber volume derivation | leading-out in embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the volume of an air part, the equivalent damping of an air turbine, and the oscillation natural period of water column vibration. It is a figure which shows the relationship between equivalent attenuation of an air turbine, and the amount of energy recovery. It is a flowchart of the control method of the oscillating water column type wave power generation device in an embodiment of the invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the oscillating water column type wave power generation apparatus in the modification 1. FIG. It is a figure which shows the specific structure of the oscillating water column type wave power generation device in the modification 1. FIG. It is a figure which shows the structure of the oscillating water column type wave power generation device in the modification 2. FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the vibrating water column type wave power generation device 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes an air chamber 10, an air communication chamber 12, an air turbine 14, a generator 16, and valves 18 (18a, 18b, 18c, 18d) auxiliary air chamber 20, piston 22, actuator 24, control unit 26, wave cycle sensor 28, wave height sensor 30, and load adjustment unit 32.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the air chamber 10 is opened in the water such as the ocean, the water (water column) is vibrated by the incident wave, and the relative movement of the volume of air inside is caused by the vertical movement of the water column. Produce an air flow due to change. The air communication chamber 12 communicates with the air chamber 10 via the valve 18 (18a, 18b) and communicates with the outside air via the valve 18 (18c, 18d). When the water column in the air chamber 10 rises and the volume of air inside decreases, the air in the air chamber 10 flows into the air communication chamber 12 via the valve 18b, as shown in FIG. 2 (a). And the air communication chamber 12 is discharged to the outside through the valve 18c. On the other hand, when the water column in the air chamber 10 is lowered and the volume of air inside is increased, air is sucked from the outside into the air communication chamber 12 through the valve 18d as shown in FIG. 2 (b). Flows from the air communication chamber 12 into the air chamber 10 through the valve 18a.

  An air turbine 14 and a generator 16 are disposed in the air communication chamber 12, and the air turbine 14 is rotated by air flowing in the air communication chamber 12 via a valve 18, and the generator 16 is generated by the air turbine 14. It is driven. At this time, as shown in FIG. 2, the valve 18 always generates an air flow in the same direction with respect to the air turbine 14 to stably generate power.

  The oscillating water column type wave power generation device 100 can be represented by a dynamic model shown in FIG. In the past, there was no recognition that the air spring of the air chamber 10 had a significant effect on the overall behavior of the oscillating water column type wave power generator 100, and energy recovery was maximized by adjusting only the recovery force with water. . However, as described in the above problem, it is difficult to change the shape of the vibrating water column type wave power generation device 100 under the water during operation, and the state adjusted at the time of design of the vibrating water column type wave power generation device 100 It was fixed to Therefore, in the present embodiment, the energy that can be recovered by adjusting the oscillation natural period for the water column in the air chamber 10 by changing the air volume of the air chamber 10 during power generation operation and adjusting the strength of the air spring in the dynamic model. Maximize the wave according to the wave conditions.

  Therefore, the vibrating water column type wave power generation device 100 according to the present embodiment includes a wave state detection unit that detects the state of a wave, an oscillation natural period adjustment unit that adjusts the oscillation natural period of the water column in the air chamber 10, and the wave state detection. The oscillation natural period control means is provided for controlling the oscillation natural period adjustment means according to the state of the wave detected by the means.

  In the present embodiment, the wave state detection means is configured to include the wave cycle sensor 28 and the wave height sensor 30. The wave period sensor 28 is a sensor that measures the wave period at the place where the oscillating water column type wave power generator 100 is installed. The wave period measured by the wave period sensor 28 is input to the control unit 26. The wave height sensor 30 is a sensor that measures the height of the wave at the place where the vibrating water column type wave power generation device 100 is installed. The wave height measured by the wave height sensor 30 is input to the control unit 26. The wave period sensor 28 and the wave height sensor 30 can be realized, for example, by measuring a temporal change in the distance to the water surface and the distance to the water surface by a proximity sensor having sensitivity to water.

  Although the wave cycle sensor 28 and the wave height sensor 30 are separately provided in the present embodiment, the wave cycle sensor 28 and the wave height sensor 30 can be realized by one sensor. The wave period sensor 28 and the wave height sensor 30 are built in the vibrating water column type wave power generation device 100, but may be installed separately from the vibrating water column type wave power generation device 100. In this case, the wave period and wave height measured by the wave period sensor 28 and the wave height sensor 30 are input to the oscillating water column type wave power generation device 100 as external signals.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the oscillation natural period adjustment means is configured to include the auxiliary air chamber 20, the piston 22 and the actuator 24. Here, the auxiliary air chamber 20, the piston 22 and the actuator 24 are used as volume changing means. The auxiliary air chamber 20 is a cylindrical casing in communication with the air chamber 10, and has a space occupied by air inside. The auxiliary air chamber 20 is used in combination with the inside of the air chamber 10 to change the volume of the air portion. The piston 22 is fitted in the auxiliary air chamber 20, and provided for adjusting the volume of a portion not communicating with the portion communicating the space in the auxiliary air chamber 20 with the air chamber 10 by moving in the auxiliary air chamber 20. Be The actuator 24 is a drive means for moving the piston 22 in the auxiliary air chamber 20. The actuator 24 receives the piston control signal from the control unit 26, and moves the piston 22 to the piston position determined by the piston control signal. The actuator 24 can be realized, for example, by a motor or the like that rotates a ball screw or the like connected to the shaft of the piston 22.

  Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the oscillation natural period adjustment means is configured to include the load adjustment unit 32 of the generator 16. The load adjustment unit 32 receives the load control signal from the control unit 26 and sets the load of the generator 16 determined by the load control signal. By adjusting the load of the generator 16, the equivalent damping of the air turbine 14 in FIG. 3 changes.

  The oscillation natural period control means is configured to include the control unit 26. The control unit 26 receives the measurement results of the wave period and wave height from the wave period sensor 28 and the wave height sensor 30, applies the wave period and wave height to the control law, and controls the fluctuation natural period adjustment means to control the fluctuation of the water column Set the cycle.

As described above, the oscillation natural period is set by adjusting the volume of the auxiliary air chamber 20 communicating with the air chamber 10 and the load of the generator 16. That is, the control law is expressed as a function of the volume V of the auxiliary air chamber 20 and the load L of the generator 16 with the wave period T and the wave height H as arguments, as in the equations (1) and (2).
[Equation 1]
Volume V of auxiliary air chamber 20 = V (T, H) (1)
[Equation 2]
Load L of generator 16 = L (T, H) (2)

  The control rule is obtained in accordance with the flow chart of FIG. First, as step S1, the wave period T and the wave height H are set. Then, as step S2, an air flow velocity when the wave period T and the oscillation natural period of the water column formed in the air chamber 10 cause resonance is obtained. At this time, it is preferable to determine the response magnification of the air in the air chamber 10 due to the vertical movement of the wave as a value corresponding to the average equivalent attenuation by the load of the generator 16 to obtain the initial value of the air flow velocity. In step S3, the load L of the generator 16 is set according to the air flow velocity obtained in step S2. At step S4, the equivalent damping of the air turbine 14 for rotating the generator 16 is determined based on the air flow velocity. In step S5, the volume V of the air portion of the air chamber 10 and the air portion of the auxiliary air chamber 20 that resonate with the water column of the air chamber 10 is obtained based on the equivalent attenuation obtained in step S4.

  Thus, according to the wave period T and the wave height H, the volume V of the auxiliary air chamber 20 and the load L of the generator 16 are adjusted such that the oscillation natural period of the water column formed in the air chamber 10 causes resonance. Control rules can be determined.

  At this time, as shown in FIG. 5, the water column vibration according to both the volume V of the air portion formed by the air chamber 10 and the auxiliary air chamber 20 and the equivalent damping of the air turbine 14 determined by the load L of the generator 16 The natural period of That is, combinations of the volume V of the air portion and the equivalent damping of the air turbine 14 for achieving the same oscillation natural period are represented as various combinations on the equal periodic line. Therefore, at least one of the equivalent damping of the air turbine 14 (load L of the generator 16) obtained in step S4 or the volume V of the air part obtained in step S5 is fed back to step S2 to control the control law. You may ask. That is, the volume V of the air portion required for resonance determined in step S5 is applied to the entire system of the oscillating water column type wave power generation device 100 to estimate the behavior of the entire system, and is fed back to step S2. It is preferable to determine the air flow velocity at which the resonance obtained from the estimation occurs. At that time, as shown in FIG. 6, since the amount of energy recoverable by the generator 16 changes according to the equivalent damping of the air turbine 14, the equivalent damping of the air turbine 14 will be as high as possible. It is suitable.

  Control of the oscillating water column type wave power generator 100 is performed according to the control law set in this way. Specifically, control is performed according to the flowchart shown in FIG. In step S10, the wave period T and the wave height H are measured by the wave period sensor 28 and the wave height sensor 30. The measured wave period T and wave height H are input to the control unit 26. In step S11, the wave period T and the wave height H are introduced into the control law, and the volume V of the air section and the load L of the generator 16 are set so that the oscillation natural period of the water column of the air chamber 10 becomes the inputted wave period T. To derive. The control law may be obtained in advance for each system of the oscillating water column type wave power generator 100 based on the method of obtaining the control law. The control law itself may be stored as a function having the wave period T and the wave height H as arguments, or the values obtained by the control law may be stored as a table for each combination of the wave period T and the wave height H You may leave it. In step S12, the volume V of the air section obtained in step S11 and the load L of the generator 16 are obtained, or the volume V of the air section obtained in step S11 and the load L of the generator 16 are the closest. A command signal (piston control signal and load control signal) is generated. In step S13, the actuator 24 and the load adjustment unit 32 are actually controlled based on the command signal generated in step S12. Specifically, the control unit 26 outputs a piston control signal to the actuator 24, drives the actuator 24, and the volume of the air chamber of the air chamber 10 and the air portion of the auxiliary air chamber 20 communicating therewith is obtained in step S11. Change to become the volume V of the part, or the closest to it. In addition, the control unit 26 outputs a load control signal to the load adjustment unit 32, and changes the load of the generator 16 to be the load L of the generator 16 obtained in step S11 or to be closest thereto.

  As described above, in the vibrating water column type wave power generation device 100 according to the present embodiment, the auxiliary air chamber 20 communicating with the air chamber 10 is provided, so that the air portion of the air chamber 10 can be By adjusting the volume, it is possible to change the oscillation natural period of the water column according to the wave conditions and to improve the power generation efficiency. Furthermore, by providing the load adjusting unit 32 in the generator 16, by adjusting the load of the generator 16, it is possible to change the oscillation natural period of the water column according to the wave condition and to improve the power generation efficiency. That is, operation can be performed in a state in which the power generation efficiency of the generator 16 is optimized according to the state of the wave in operation after the installation of the oscillating water column type wave power generation device 100.

  When the oscillating water column type wave power generator 100 is installed in the ocean, the wave conditions change from several hours to several days, so once in several hours or once in several days accordingly. Control may be performed to adjust the oscillation natural period of the water column. That is, since the wave period T and the wave height H temporally change according to the condition of the wave, it is preferable to measure at all times or at fixed time intervals.

<Modification 1>
In the vibrating water column type wave power generation device 100 according to the above embodiment, the auxiliary air chamber 20 communicating with the air chamber 10, the piston 22 and the actuator 24 are provided to form an air portion formed by the air chamber 10 and the auxiliary air chamber 20. The volume was adjusted. However, it is not limited to this.

  In the vibrating water column type wave power generation device 102 of the present modification, as shown in FIG. 8, auxiliary air chambers 40 (40a to 40d) communicating with the air chambers 10 via the valves 42 (42a to 42d) are provided. ing. In this modification, the volume of the air portion is adjusted by changing the number of auxiliary air chambers 40 communicating with the air chamber 10 by opening and closing each valve 42. More specifically, the control unit 26 generates a command signal (valve control signal) so as to become the volume V of the air portion obtained according to the control law according to the wave conditions or to be closest to the value. Do. Then, by adjusting the number of valves 42 (42a to 42d) to be opened according to the generated command signal (valve control signal), the volume of the air chamber of the air chamber 10 and the air portion of the auxiliary air chamber 20 actually communicated therewith. To be the optimal air volume V, or closest to it.

  FIG. 9 is a view showing a specific arrangement example of the auxiliary air chamber 40 in the oscillating water column type wave power generation device 102. As shown in FIG. FIG. 9 (a) is a top view, and FIG. 9 (b) is a side view. In this example, four auxiliary air chambers 40 (40a to 40d) are arranged at equal intervals of 90 ° around the cylindrical air chamber 10.

<Modification 2>
In the vibrating water column type wave power generation device 104 of the present modification, as shown in FIG. 10, a movable partition plate (partition wall) 44 that partitions the internal space of the air chamber 10 is provided. By moving the partition plate 44 in the air chamber 10, the volume of the air portion in the air chamber 10 communicating with the air communication chamber 12 can be changed. An actuator (not shown) may be provided on the partition plate 44 to move it. More specifically, the control unit 26 generates a command signal (valve control signal) so as to become the volume V of the air portion obtained according to the control law according to the wave conditions or to be closest to the value. Do. Then, by changing the position of the partition plate 44 in accordance with the generated command signal (valve control signal), the volume of the air portion in the air chamber 10 becomes the volume V of the optimum air portion, or approaches closest thereto. Let's do it.

  In addition, although the one partition plate 44 was provided in the oscillating water column type wave power generation device 104 in this modification, it is not limited to this, You may provide several partition plates 44. FIG. Also, the direction divided by the plurality of partition plates 44 may be changed as appropriate. In this case, for example, the number of openings of the plurality of partitions 44 can make the volume of the air portion in the air chamber 10 be the optimal volume V of the air portion or to be closest thereto.

  In the above embodiment and the first and second modifications, an example has been shown in which the volume (air spring) of the air chamber 10 is changed to bring the oscillation natural period of the water column in the air chamber 10 closer to the wave period. The same adjustment is possible by utilizing an air flow damping effect (air damper), and these can also be used in combination.

  The present invention can be applied to any system that utilizes the flow of gas generated by the movement of liquid. For example, the present invention can be applied not only to the oscillating water column type wave power generation device but also to other types of power generation devices such as a movable object type wave power generation device. In addition to power generation using ocean waves, it can be used for power generation using waves in lakes and marshes where water level changes occur.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 air chamber 12 air communication chamber 14 air turbine 16 generator 18 (18a-18d) valve 20 auxiliary air chamber 22 piston 24 actuator 26 control part 28 wave period sensor 30 wave height sensor 32 Load adjustment unit, 40 (40a to 40d) auxiliary air chamber, 42 (42a to 42d) valve, 44 partition plate, 100, 102, 104 vibrating water column type wave power generator.

Claims (12)

An oscillating water column type wave power generation apparatus that generates a flow of air by vibrating a water column in an air chamber by vertical movement of an incident wave, and generates electric power with a generator using the flow of air,
An oscillation natural period adjustment means for adjusting the oscillation natural period of the water column;
Wave state detection means for detecting the wave period of the wave;
The equivalent damping of the turbine for rotating the generator is determined based on the air flow velocity when the wave period detected by the wave state detecting means and the oscillation natural period of the water column cause resonance, and the equivalent damping of the turbine is calculated based on the equivalent damping. An oscillating water column type wave power generator comprising oscillation natural period control means for controlling the oscillation natural period adjusting means so as to cause resonance . An oscillating water column type wave power generator according to claim 1, wherein
The vibration water column type wave power generator according to claim 1, wherein said oscillation natural period adjustment means comprises volume changing means for changing the volume of said air chamber. The vibrating water column type wave power generator according to claim 2, wherein
Before SL upset the natural period control means applies a control law for air chamber volume derivation for adjusting the upset the natural period of the water column in the wave period detected in the wave state detecting means, the volume of the air chamber An oscillating water column type wave power generator comprising: controlling the oscillation natural period adjusting means so as to obtain a volume derived by the control law. An oscillating water column type wave power generator according to claim 3 , wherein
The wave state detection means further detects the height of the wave,
The upset the natural period control means the detected said height in the wave state detecting means further applied to the control law for the air chamber volume derivation for adjusting the upset the natural period of the water column, said air chamber The vibration water column type wave power generation device characterized in that the motion natural period adjusting means is controlled such that the volume of the volume is a volume derived by the control law. It is an oscillating water pillar type wave power generator according to claim 3 or 4,
The wave state detection means automatically detects the wave cycle at all times or at fixed time intervals,
The oscillation natural period control means applies the automatically detected wave period to the control law, and controls the oscillation natural period adjustment means so that the volume of the air chamber is a volume derived by the control law. An oscillating water column type wave power generator characterized by having. It is an oscillating water pillar type wave power generator according to any one of claims 2 to 5,
The vibration water column type wave power generation device characterized in that the oscillation natural period control means controls a generator load of the generator. It is an oscillating water pillar type wave power generator according to any one of claims 2 to 6,
The oscillating water pillar type wave power generator characterized in that the volume changing means comprises an auxiliary air chamber in communication with the air chamber, and a piston for changing the volume of the auxiliary air chamber. It is an oscillating water pillar type wave power generator according to any one of claims 2 to 6,
The vibrating water column type wave power generator according to claim 1, wherein said volume changing means comprises an auxiliary air chamber communicated with said air chamber, and an open / close valve for opening / closing a communication passage to said auxiliary air chamber. It is an oscillating water pillar type wave power generator according to any one of claims 2 to 6,
The vibrating water column type wave power generation device characterized in that the volume changing means includes a movable partition which partitions a part of the air chamber, and a partition moving unit which moves the partition. The oscillating water column in the air chamber is vibrated by the up and down movement of the incident wave to generate the flow of air, and the oscillating water column type wave power generator that generates electric power with the generator using the flow of air, according to the condition of the wave A method of determining a control law for calculating the volume of the air chamber when adjusting the oscillation natural period of the water column,
Setting the wave period of the wave;
A step 2 of determining an air flow velocity when the wave period and the oscillation natural period of the water column cause resonance;
Step 3 of setting the load of the generator
Determining an equivalent damping of a turbine for rotating the generator based on the air flow rate;
A method of determining a control law for deriving an air chamber volume, comprising the step 5 of determining the volume of the air chamber that causes the resonance based on the equivalent damping. A method of determining a control law for deriving an air chamber volume according to claim 10, wherein
By applying the volume of the air chamber required for the resonance determined in the step 5 to the whole system of the oscillating water column type wave power generator to estimate the behavior of the whole system and feeding it back to the step 2, A method of determining a control law for deriving an air chamber volume, characterized in that the air flow rate at the time of causing the resonance obtained from the estimation of the behavior is determined. A method of determining a control law for deriving an air chamber volume according to claim 11, wherein
In the step 2, an initial value of the air flow velocity is determined by determining a response magnification of air in the air chamber due to the vertical movement of the wave as a value corresponding to the average equivalent attenuation. How to find control rules for

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