JP6528269B2 - Daylight control system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a daylight control system that provides a working environment with reduced dazzling for workers at a desk when daylighting is introduced.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a room such as an office building into which outside light is inserted, it is practiced to save energy of lighting by using daylight lighting utilizing outside light incident to the room. Under such an environment using daylight, in order to save energy by lowering the lighting rate of the illumination, the main focus is on obtaining more illumination on the desk surface of the office desk by the introduced daylight. Therefore, there were cases where glare at the time of daylight introduction and inconvenient work accompanying it.

  Therefore, when installing a blind or the like when the window into which outside light is introduced and introducing daylight into the room through the blind, luminance information is acquired by a luminance meter or a luminance camera on the window surface or its periphery, and glare or work A method is proposed to control the blind using the luminance information to prevent inconvenience.

  For example, in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2013-168333), in the light environment control method for controlling the light environment of the indoor space including daylight, the luminance distribution in a predetermined region of the indoor space is measured and measured. A distribution acquiring step of obtaining a distribution of index values of brightness in the predetermined area from a brightness distribution, and a distribution range of index values of brightness in the predetermined area fall within a target range corresponding to the predetermined area. The light adjustment control step of light adjustment control of the changing means for changing the sense of brightness in the predetermined area; and as the light adjustment control step, a blind for variably blocking daylight incident from the window surface is controlled Things are disclosed.

In addition, according to Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-120090), a blind is provided in a light collection unit for lighting indoors provided with a lighting device, and the light is incident indoors by adjusting the degree of opening and closing of the blinds. Solar control unit for controlling the amount of incident light, the solar radiation state acquiring unit for acquiring the outdoor solar radiation state, the arrangement information of the illumination device, and the lighting unit based on the solar radiation state and the open / close degree The evaluation index acquiring unit acquires a result of simulating the evaluation index of feeling of glare, and the control unit adjusts the degree of opening and closing such that the evaluation index of feeling of glare acquired does not have a value indicating discomfort. Things are disclosed.
JP, 2013-168333, A Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2007-120090

  The luminance distribution measurement in Patent Document 1 requires complicated engineering such as calculating an average luminance by designating a window portion to a luminance image by a luminance camera, or creating and evaluating a brightness image. There is a problem that the introduction cost of the luminance camera is high.

  In addition, although the one described in reference document 2 determines the glare factor scale (PGSV) to control the blinds, it is at the time of ordinary deskwork work in that the window is used as a gaze point when finding the glare factor scale. Unlike the fixation point of, there was a problem that the work at the desk is not necessarily considered.

This invention solves the said subject, While the daylight control system which concerns on this invention is installed so that the light reception surface of a light reception sensor may become parallel to a perpendicular direction, the said light reception surface is a light collection part side It consists of an illuminance meter that measures the illuminance, and a plurality of blades, and is provided on the underside of the plurality of blades and a light shield that is disposed in the vicinity of the light collection unit , so that positive reflectance adjustment is possible And a control unit configured to change the reflectance of the plurality of reflectance adjustment units based on the illuminance measured by the illuminance meter.

  In the daylight control system according to the present invention, the control unit changes the angles of the plurality of blades based on the illuminance measured by the illuminance meter.

  In the daylight control system according to the present invention, a light control film capable of adjusting the transmittance is disposed in the light collection unit, and the control unit is based on the illuminance measured by the illuminance meter. And changing the transmittance of the light control film.

  The daylight control system according to the present invention is characterized in that the light shielding portion is a blind.

  In the daylight control system according to the present invention, the light shielding portion is a louver.

  The daylight control system according to the present invention changes the reflectances of the plurality of reflectance adjustment units based on the illuminance measured by the illuminometer, so that according to the daylight control system according to the present invention, it is simple and inexpensive. With such a configuration, it is possible to provide a good working environment in which glare is suppressed for the worker at the desk when daylighting is introduced.

It is a figure explaining the example of installation of a luminometer. It is data showing the relationship between vertical surface illumination and desk surface illumination and glare, ease of PC work, and ease of document work. It is a schematic diagram of the reflection of the light in a blind. (A) Upper surface, lower surface reflectance same brightness is a brightness image at the time of arranging the same blind to a window, and (B) upper surface and lower surface reflectance difference blinds being arranged to a window. It is a figure showing typically the living room provided with the daylight control system 1 concerning the embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the blade | wing of a blind. 1 is a block diagram of a daylight control system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows the flowchart of the control processing of the daylight control system 1 which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  In establishing the daylight control system 1 according to the present invention, first, it was examined what kind of illuminance should be used when controlling the daylight control system 1. FIG. 1 is a view for explaining an installation example of the illuminance meter. FIG. 1 shows an example of a living room 10 that is to perform daylight control. In such a living room 10, a window 20 is provided as a light collecting unit, and a plurality of desks 30 are installed. In addition, when a worker works at the desk 30, the desk 30 is installed so that the worker's line of sight is not in the light receiving part direction.

  In the above environment, two luminometers were installed to investigate the relationship between the glare, the ease of PC work, and the ease of paperwork.

  In FIG. 1, the illuminance meter 70a is installed such that the light receiving surface of a light receiving sensor (not shown) is parallel to the vertical direction. The illuminance measured by the illuminance meter 70a is referred to as vertical surface illuminance.

  Further, in FIG. 1, the illuminance meter 70b is installed on a desk, and the illuminance meter 70b is installed such that the light receiving surface of a light receiving sensor (not shown) is parallel to the horizontal direction. The illuminance measured by the illuminance meter 70b is referred to as desk top illuminance.

  The correlation between the vertical surface illuminance and desk top surface illuminance and glares, the easiness of PC operation, and the easiness of document work was investigated by the illuminance meter 70a and the illuminance meter 70b as described above. FIG. 2 is data showing the relationship between vertical surface illumination and tabletop illumination and glare, ease of PC operation, and ease of document operation. As can be seen from FIG. 2, in the glare and the ease of the PC operation, the correlation with the vertical plane illumination is higher than the desk top illumination. Since such knowledge could be obtained, in the daylight control system 1 according to the present invention, the vertical surface illuminance highly correlated with the glare and the easiness of the PC operation is measured, and the target value L (lx) or less is obtained. As a result, by controlling daylight control equipment such as blinds, it is possible to prevent glare and ensure a visual environment that facilitates PC work.

  Next, the reflectance of the blind was examined, and based on the result of this examination, the daylight control system 1 according to the present invention was constructed. FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the reflection of light at the blind. From such a schematic view, it can be understood that the glare of the blind portion viewed from the indoor side is due to secondary reflection in which light reflected on the upper surface of the blind blade is reflected on the lower surface of the blind blade.

Therefore, it was tested whether glare could be reduced by lowering the reflectance of the lower surface of the blind blade. Table 1 shows the reflectance on each surface of “upper surface / lower surface reflectance same blind” and “upper surface / lower surface reflectance difference blind” used in the experiment. The “upper surface / lower surface reflectance same blind” is a normal blind, and the “upper surface / lower surface reflectance difference blind” is a material in which the reflectance of the lower surface of the blind blade is reduced.

4A and 4B are luminance images in the case where the same upper and lower surface reflectances are arranged in the window and in the case where the upper and lower surface reflectance difference blinds are arranged in the window in FIG. 4B. As shown in FIG. 4, the one in which the reflectance of the lower surface of the blind blade was reduced was able to suppress the luminance causing the glare than the one in which the reflectance was not so. In the daylight control system 1 according to the present invention, on the basis of the above-mentioned results, by actively controlling the reflectance of the lower surface of the blind blade, glare is suppressed for the worker at the desk, and the workability is improved. Providing a good environment for

  The daylighting control system 1 according to the present invention will be described below under the above premise. FIG. 5 is a view schematically showing a living room provided with the daylight control system 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention. Moreover, FIG. 6 is a figure which shows the structure of the blade | wing of a blind. FIG. 7 is a block diagram of the daylight control system 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention.

  In the living room 10 to which the daylight control system 1 according to the present invention is applied, it is assumed that a window 20 is provided as a light collecting unit and a plurality of desks 30 are installed. In addition, when a worker works at the desk 30, the desk 30 is installed so that the worker's line of sight is not in the light receiving part direction.

  The illuminance meter 70 is installed such that the light receiving surface of a light receiving sensor (not shown) is parallel to the vertical direction. In the example of FIG. 5, although it is set as the structure which distributes the luminometer 70 in the front end side of the attachment rod member of the luminometer 70, the attachment form of the luminometer 70 is not limited to such an attachment form. The light receiving surface of the light receiving sensor (not shown) of the illuminance meter 70 is directed to the window 20 (light collecting unit) side. Thereby, the illuminance measurement on the window 20 (light collecting unit) side can be effectively performed.

  In the vicinity of the window 20, a blind 40 composed of a plurality of blades 45 is disposed as a light shielding portion (also referred to as "daylight control facility") that blocks daylight incident from the outside. Although the blind 40 is used as the light shielding unit in the daylight control system 1 according to the present embodiment, a louver or the like may be used instead of the blind 40.

  FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of one of the blades 45 of the blind 40. As shown in FIG. An electrochromic element 115 is provided on the lower surface of the blade 45 as a reflectance adjustment unit capable of adjusting the reflectance. The electrochromic element 115 can change and adjust the reflectance by voltage application from the blind blade lower surface reflectance control unit 110 in the block diagram of FIG. In addition, although the electrochromic element 115 is used in this embodiment as what adjusts the reflectance in the lower surface of the blade | wing 45, it can replace with an electrochromic element and can also use electronic paper etc.

  Further, all the blades 45 of the blind 40 can be rotated in the X direction or the X 'direction centering on O in FIG. 6 by the angle changing motor 125 shown in the block diagram. The angle change motor 125 rotates the blades 45 as described above by the electric power supplied by the blind blade angle control unit 120.

  Returning to FIG. 5, a light control film 135 is attached to the window 20 which is a light collecting unit. The light control film 135 is a film whose transmittance can be adjusted. The light control film 135 can change and adjust the transmittance by voltage application from the light control film control unit 130 in the block diagram of FIG. 7 or the like.

In the block diagram of FIG. 7, the main control unit 100 is a CPU (Central Process).
ROM (Read O) that holds the program running on the CPU and the CPU
It is a general-purpose information processing device including nly memory and RAM (Random Access Memory) which is a work area of a CPU. The main control unit 100 cooperates with and operates each component connected to the illustrated main control unit 100.

In the block diagram of FIG. 7, the illuminance meter 70 measures the illuminance and transmits this measurement data to the main control unit 100. The main control unit 100 performs daylight control based on the measurement data from the illuminance meter 70 as described above.

  More specifically, in the daylight control system 1 according to the present invention, (1) controlling the reflectance of the electrochromic element 115 on the lower surface of the blade 45 of the blind 40 as daylight control (2) the blind 40 The blade 45 is rotated to control the angle of the blade 45, and (3) to control the transmittance of the light control film 135 attached to the window 20 in a combined manner. It has become.

  In order to perform such control, the main control unit 100 controls the blind blade lower surface reflectance control unit tem 110, the blind blade angle control unit 120, and the light control film control unit 130 based on measurement data from the illumination meter 70. In response, control commands are sent.

  Based on the control command from the main control unit 100, the blind blade lower surface reflectance control unit 110 adjusts the reflectance of the electrochromic element 115, and the blind blade angle control unit 120 rotates the angle change motor 125 to make the blade 45 The light control film control unit 130 adjusts the transmittance of the light control film 135.

  The daylight control system 1 according to the present embodiment is configured to perform three of (1), (2), and (3) in combination as daylight control, but the shielding performance table 80 includes: Information concerning how the daylight control can be optimally performed by combining the controls of (1), (2) and (3) is tabulated and stored. Further, the shielding performance table 80 also includes information such as the upper limit and the lower limit of the shielding performance of outside light by daylight control.

  In addition, although the daylight control system 1 which concerns on this embodiment is made to perform three of (1), (2), and (3) as daylight control, as a daylight control system 1 which concerns on this invention Only the daylight control of (1) is essential, and the daylight control of (2) and (3) can be performed arbitrarily.

  Next, control of the daylight control system 1 configured as described above will be described. FIG. 8 is a view showing a flowchart of control processing of the daylight control system 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention. Such a flowchart is basically executed by the main control unit 100. Moreover, the timing to perform can be made for every predetermined time interval of daytime, for example.

  In the flowchart of FIG. 8, when the control process is started in step S100, the process proceeds to step S101, and illuminance measurement data measured by the illuminance meter 70 is acquired. In the next step S102, it is determined whether the illuminance measurement data is equal to or greater than a predetermined value.

  When the determination result in step S102 is YES, the process proceeds to step S103, and it is determined with reference to the shielding performance table 80 whether or not the current control is the lower limit of the shielding performance. If the determination result is "YES", the process proceeds to step S107 and the control process ends. On the other hand, if the determination result is NO, the process proceeds to step S104, and the shielding performance is lowered by Δ% with reference to the shielding performance table 80. The change of the shielding performance includes changing the reflectance of the electrochromic element 115.

  On the other hand, when the determination result in step S102 is NO, the process proceeds to step S105, and the shielding performance table 80 is referred to, and it is determined whether the current control is the upper limit of the shielding performance. If the determination result is "YES", the process proceeds to step S107 and the control process ends. On the other hand, if the determination result is NO, the process proceeds to step S106, and the shielding performance is increased by Δ% with reference to the shielding performance table 80. The change of the shielding performance includes changing the reflectance of the electrochromic element 115.

  As described above, since the daylight control system 1 according to the present invention changes the reflectance of the plurality of reflectance adjustment units (electrochromic elements 115) based on the illuminance measured by the illuminance meter 70, the present invention According to the daylight control system 1 pertaining to the present invention, it is possible to provide a good working environment in which glare is suppressed for the worker at the desk when daylighting is introduced by a simple and inexpensive configuration.

1 ... daylight control system 10 ... room 20 ... window 30 ... desk 40 ... blind 45 ... blade 70 ... illuminance meter 80 ... shielding performance table 100 ... Main control unit 110 ··· Blind blade lower surface reflectance control unit Them 1
115 ··· Electrochromic element 120 ··· Blind blade angle control unit 125 ··· Angle change motor 130 ··· Light control film control unit 135 ··· Light control film

Claims (5)

An irradiometer, which is installed so that the light receiving surface of the light receiving sensor is parallel to the vertical direction, and the light receiving surface is directed to the light collecting unit side, and measures the illuminance
A light shielding portion composed of a plurality of blades and disposed near the light collecting portion;
A plurality of reflectance adjusters provided on the lower surface side of the plurality of blades and capable of actively adjusting the reflectance;
And a control unit configured to change the reflectance of the plurality of reflectance adjustment units based on the illuminance measured by the illuminance meter. The daylight control system according to claim 1, wherein the control unit changes the angles of the plurality of blades based on the illuminance measured by the illuminance meter. A light control film capable of adjusting the transmittance is disposed in the light collecting unit,
The daylight control system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the control unit changes the transmittance of the light control film based on the illuminance measured by the illuminance meter. The daylight control system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the light shielding portion is a blind. The daylight control system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the light shielding portion is a louver.