JP6519923B2 - Stirring blade and stirrer for sludge treatment - Google Patents

Stirring blade and stirrer for sludge treatment Download PDF

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JP6519923B2
JP6519923B2 JP2015156744A JP2015156744A JP6519923B2 JP 6519923 B2 JP6519923 B2 JP 6519923B2 JP 2015156744 A JP2015156744 A JP 2015156744A JP 2015156744 A JP2015156744 A JP 2015156744A JP 6519923 B2 JP6519923 B2 JP 6519923B2
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blade
tank
stirring
sludge
attached
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JP2017035648A (en
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滋 北野
滋 北野
清水　浩之
浩之 清水
憲昭 村田
憲昭 村田
肇 松原
肇 松原
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Meiwa Kogyo Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

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Description

本発明は攪拌翼及び撹拌装置に関し、特に被撹拌物を槽内で対流させることで効率的且つ充分に撹拌することができる攪拌翼及び撹拌装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a stirring blade and a stirring device, and more particularly to a stirring blade and a stirring device capable of efficiently and sufficiently stirring a matter to be stirred by convection in a tank.

再生可能エネルギーによる社会インフラ維持を目的とした環境負荷低減技術の開発が進められており、例えば下水処理場では下水汚泥をメタン発酵させて生じるメタンガス(CH4)を用いた発電等が行われている。
メタン発酵は、外部から酸素の流入を遮断した嫌気性槽内において、メタン発酵微生物の代謝作用を利用して下水汚泥中の有機物からメタンガスを得るものである。 Development of environmental load reduction technology for the purpose of maintaining social infrastructure by renewable energy is being promoted, for example, at a sewage treatment plant, power generation using methane gas (CH 4 ) generated by methane fermentation of sewage sludge is carried out There is.
Methane fermentation is to obtain methane gas from organic matter in sewage sludge using the metabolic action of methane-fermenting microorganisms in an anaerobic tank in which the inflow of oxygen from the outside is blocked.

しかし、小規模の下水処理施設では大規模の施設と比較してメタン発酵によるメタンガスの利用が進んでいない。
その理由として小規模の下水処理施設では(1)下水汚泥の取扱量が少なく、メタン発酵装置を導入しても採算が合わない、(2)水処理方式としてオキシデーションディッチ法（OD法）を採用していることが多く、OD法はHRT(Hydraulic Retention Time)が24〜36時間と長いため、発生する汚泥の生物分解性が低いことが挙げられる。
小規模の下水処理施設では汚泥の含水率を低下させて高濃度化して処理効率を高めるのが望ましいが、高濃度化した汚泥は粘度が高くなり、槽内での撹拌が困難になるという問題がある。
そこで、例えば特許文献1には、嫌気性槽内の回転軸に複数の平板状の撹拌翼を取り付け、各撹拌翼の取り付け角度に関し、汚泥投入位置側の撹拌翼よりも汚泥抜き出し位置側の撹拌翼の方を大きくし、更に、汚泥抜き出し位置付近にスクリュー翼を取り付けたメタン発酵装置が開示されている。
この装置によれば、高濃度化により粘度が高くなった汚泥を汚泥抜き出し位置方向に移送しながら撹拌することが可能になる。 However, the use of methane gas by methane fermentation has not progressed in small scale sewage treatment facilities compared to large scale facilities.
The reason is that in small-scale sewage treatment facilities (1) the amount of sewage sludge handled is small and the profitability is not met even if the methane fermentation equipment is introduced, (2) the oxidation ditch method (OD method) is used as a water treatment method. In many cases, the OD method has a long HRT (Hydraulic Retention Time) of 24 to 36 hours, so the biodegradability of the generated sludge is low.
In small-scale sewage treatment facilities, it is desirable to lower the moisture content of the sludge to increase the concentration and increase the treatment efficiency, but the problem is that the highly concentrated sludge has a high viscosity, making it difficult to stir in the tank There is.
Therefore, for example, in Patent Document 1, a plurality of flat stirring blades are attached to the rotary shaft in the anaerobic tank, and the stirring angle on the sludge feeding position side with respect to the attachment angle of each stirring blade There is disclosed a methane fermentation apparatus in which the wings are made larger and screw wings are attached near the sludge extraction position.
According to this device, it is possible to stir the sludge whose viscosity has become high due to the high concentration transfer while transferring it in the sludge extraction position direction.

特開2003-24998号公報JP 2003-24998 A

ところが、上記特許文献1に開示された技術では以下のような問題がある。
すなわち、各攪拌翼の取り付け角度を、汚泥抜き出し位置側の攪拌翼の方が大きくなるように変化させていき、取り付け角度の増加にしたがって徐々に汚泥の移送速度を増加させる仕組みになっている（特許文献1の［0019］参照）。つまり、汚泥は撹拌されながら一方向（例えば下方向）に移送されるだけであり、嫌気性槽内で対流が生じないため、撹拌が不充分になる可能性がある。また、攪拌翼を平板状にすると汚泥は軸回りに回転する攪拌翼の表面を径方向外側又は内側に逃げてしまうため、下方向への汚泥の移送量が減少してしまうという問題がある。
また、槽内で半液状体の被撹拌物を対流させて効率的かつ充分に撹拌する技術は、下水汚泥以外に例えばメタン発酵処理後の消化汚泥の処理にも求められており、更には建設材料や飲食料品等、種々の分野で求められている。 However, the technology disclosed in Patent Document 1 has the following problems.
That is, the attachment angle of each agitating blade is changed so that the agitating blade on the sludge extraction position side becomes larger, and the transfer speed of sludge is gradually increased according to the increase of the attachment angle ( See [0019] of Patent Document 1). That is, the sludge is only transferred in one direction (eg, downward direction) while being stirred, and convection may not occur in the anaerobic tank, which may result in insufficient stirring. In addition, when the stirring blade is made flat, the sludge escapes radially outward or inward on the surface of the stirring blade that rotates about its axis, so that there is a problem that the amount of sludge transferred downward decreases.
In addition to sewage sludge, the technology to convect the semi-liquid matter to be stirred efficiently and sufficiently in the tank is also required for the treatment of digested sludge after methane fermentation treatment, and further construction It is required in various fields such as materials and food and drink.

本発明はこのような問題に鑑み、被撹拌物を槽内で対流させることで効率的且つ充分に撹拌することができる攪拌翼及び撹拌装置を提供することを目的とする。   An object of the present invention is to provide a stirring blade and a stirring device capable of stirring efficiently and sufficiently by convecting a substance to be stirred in a tank in view of such problems.

本発明の攪拌翼は、槽内で上下方向にのびる回転軸に取り付けられた状態で前記槽内の被撹拌物を撹拌するための撹拌翼において、前記回転軸の周囲に取り付けられる複数の支軸と、当該支軸の先端に取り付けられる複数の羽根とを備えており、前記羽根が平面視帯状の円弧形であり、その外周側の側縁と内周側の側縁には下方に垂れ下がる下垂部を備えており、回転方向に対して前側が後側よりも高くなるように傾斜した状態で前記回転軸に取り付けられることを特徴とする。
また、前記攪拌翼を前記回転軸の上下方向に複数備えることを特徴とする。
本発明の撹拌装置は、上記攪拌翼を槽内に備えることを特徴とする。 The stirring blade according to the present invention is a stirring blade for stirring an object to be stirred in the tank in a state where the stirring blade is attached to a rotating shaft extending in the vertical direction in the tank, a plurality of spindles attached around the rotating shaft And a plurality of vanes attached to the tip of the support shaft, the vanes being arc-shaped in a belt shape in plan view, and hanging down to the side edge on the outer peripheral side and the side edge on the inner peripheral side A hanging portion is provided, and is attached to the rotation shaft in a state where the front side is higher than the rear side with respect to the rotation direction.
In addition, a plurality of the stirring blades may be provided in the vertical direction of the rotation shaft.
The stirring device according to the present invention is characterized in that the stirring blade is provided in a tank.

本発明では、攪拌翼を構成する羽根の前側が高くなるように傾斜させている。羽根を回転させると被撹拌物は羽根から前方斜め下向きの圧力を受けて同方向（図2(c)に矢印Bで示す方向）に移動するが、この際に被撹拌物は内周側と外周側の2つの下垂部によって挟まれる形になり、内周側及び外周側への移動が制限される。したがって、羽根の下面側にある被撹拌物を2つの下垂部で押さえつけた状態で円周方向に逃がすことなく効率的に前方斜め下向きに押し出すことができる。
また、攪拌翼を上下方向に複数（例えば上・中・下段の3つ）備えることにすれば、上段の攪拌翼によって前方斜め下向きに押し出されて移動した被撹拌物は中段・下段の攪拌翼によっても同様に押し出されて移動し、槽内の底部に至る。そして被撹拌物は槽の底部からその内周面近傍を上方に移動していき、上段の攪拌翼に至って再び前方斜め下向きに押し出される。このように上下方向に複数配置した攪拌翼で被撹拌物を連続的に前方斜め下向きに押し出して移動させることで槽内に対流を生じさせ、効率的且つ充分に撹拌することができる。 In the present invention, the front side of the blade constituting the stirring blade is inclined so as to be high. When the blade is rotated, the material to be stirred is moved forward in the same direction (in the direction indicated by the arrow B in FIG. 2 (c)) by receiving pressure from the blade obliquely downward and forwardly. It becomes a form pinched by two hanging parts on the outer peripheral side, and movement to the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side is limited. Therefore, the material to be stirred on the lower surface side of the blade can be efficiently pushed forward and downward in the circumferential direction without being squeezed by the two hanging portions.
In addition, if a plurality of stirring blades are provided vertically (for example, three in the upper, middle, and lower), the objects to be stirred that are pushed forward and downward by the upper stirring blades are the middle and lower stirring blades. Similarly, it is pushed out and moved to the bottom of the tank. Then, the material to be stirred moves upward from the bottom of the tank to the vicinity of the inner circumferential surface thereof, reaches the upper stirring blade, and is pushed forward and downward again. As a matter to be stirred is continuously pushed forward and downward by a plurality of stirring blades arranged vertically in this manner, convection can be generated in the tank, and stirring can be performed efficiently and sufficiently.

メタン発酵装置の内部構造を示す図Diagram showing the internal structure of the methane fermentation system 攪拌翼、支軸及び回転軸の平面図(a)、A-A線断面図及び斜視図(c)Top view (a) of the stirring blade, the support shaft and the rotation shaft, a sectional view taken along line AA and a perspective view (c)

本発明の攪拌翼及び撹拌装置の実施の形態について説明する。なお、本実施の形態では撹拌装置の一例としてメタン発酵装置を用いて説明する。
図1及び図2に示すように、メタン発酵装置10は嫌気性槽20、回転軸30、攪拌翼40を備える。
嫌気性槽20の形状は特に限定されるものではなく、図1のような上下方向に内径が変化しない有底の筒状であったり、或いは底部が円錐状に縮径する形状であってもよい。嫌気性槽20の上部は蓋21で覆われており、蓋21の表面に回転軸30を回転させるためのモータ22が取り付けられている。また、嫌気性槽20の下部にはメタン発酵処理後の高濃度汚泥を取り出すための取出口23を備えている。
なお、嫌気性槽20内に高濃度汚泥（被撹拌物）を導入するための導入口及び発生したメタンガスの取出口の図示を省略している。また、高濃度汚泥は事前にその水分量等が調節された状態で嫌気性槽20内に導入されるが、調整方法は周知の技術であるため説明を省略する。 An embodiment of a stirring blade and a stirring device of the present invention will be described. In the present embodiment, a methane fermentation apparatus will be described as an example of a stirring apparatus.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the methane fermentation apparatus 10 includes an anaerobic tank 20, a rotating shaft 30, and a stirring blade 40.
The shape of the anaerobic tank 20 is not particularly limited, and it may be a bottomed cylindrical shape whose inner diameter does not change in the vertical direction as shown in FIG. 1 or a shape in which the bottom portion is conically reduced. Good. The upper portion of the anaerobic tank 20 is covered with a lid 21, and a motor 22 for rotating the rotating shaft 30 is attached to the surface of the lid 21. Moreover, the lower part of the anaerobic tank 20 is equipped with the extraction port 23 for taking out the high concentration sludge after a methane fermentation process.
In addition, illustration of the inlet for introducing high concentration sludge (to-be-stirred material) in the anaerobic tank 20 and the taking-out opening of the produced | generated methane gas is abbreviate | omitted. Moreover, although high concentration sludge is introduce | transduced in the anaerobic tank 20 in the state to which the water content etc. were adjusted in advance, since the adjustment method is a well-known technique, description is abbreviate | omitted.

回転軸30は嫌気性槽20内を上下方向にのびており、その上端が軸回り(回転方向R)に回転自在となるように支持されると共に蓋21を貫通してモータ22と連結している。   The rotary shaft 30 extends vertically in the anaerobic tank 20, and its upper end is supported so as to be rotatable around the axis (rotational direction R) and is connected to the motor 22 through the lid 21. .

攪拌翼40は高濃度汚泥を撹拌するために用いるものであり、複数の支軸41と羽根42で構成される。
本実施の形態では図2(a)に示すように回転軸30に対して4本の支軸41を回転方向Rに90°の等角度間隔で配置している。そして、各支軸41の先端に羽根42を取り付けることで1つの攪拌翼40を構成している。1つの攪拌翼40を構成する支軸41及び羽根42の数は特に制限されるものではないが等角度間隔で配置するのが好ましい。
また、本実施の形態では攪拌翼40を回転軸30の上下方向に3つ配置しているが、攪拌翼40の数は特に制限されるものではなく、嫌気性槽20のサイズ及び形状に応じて適宜調節すればよい。 The stirring blade 40 is used to stir the high concentration sludge, and includes a plurality of spindles 41 and blades 42.
In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2A, four support shafts 41 are disposed at equal angular intervals of 90 ° in the rotational direction R with respect to the rotation shaft 30. Then, by attaching the blades 42 to the tip of each support shaft 41, one stirring blade 40 is configured. The number of spindles 41 and blades 42 constituting one stirring blade 40 is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to arrange them at equal angular intervals.
Further, although three stirring blades 40 are arranged in the vertical direction of the rotating shaft 30 in the present embodiment, the number of the stirring blades 40 is not particularly limited, and the number and the shape of the anaerobic tank 20 are suitable. Adjustment may be made accordingly.

羽根42は平面視帯状の円弧形である。羽根42の外周側の側縁と内周側の側縁には下方に垂れ下がる下垂部42aを備えており、図2(b)に示すように羽根42の径方向に沿った縦断面形状が下方に開いたコ字状になっている。なお、羽根42及び支軸41のサイズは適宜変更可能である。
羽根42はその回転方向Rに対して前側42bが後側42cよりも高くなるように傾斜した状態で回転軸30に取り付けられている。
羽根42の2箇所に下垂部42aを設けると共に羽根42の前側42bが高くなるように傾斜させることで、上述のとおり高濃度汚泥を円周方向に逃がすことなく、図2(c)の矢印Bで示す前方斜め下向きに効率的に押し出して対流を生じさせることができる。 The blades 42 are arc-shaped in a belt shape in plan view. The outer edge side and the inner edge side of the blade 42 are provided with a hanging portion 42a hanging downward, and as shown in FIG. 2 (b), the longitudinal sectional shape along the radial direction of the blade 42 is lower It has an open U-shape. The size of the blade 42 and the support shaft 41 can be changed as appropriate.
The blades 42 are attached to the rotating shaft 30 in a state of being inclined so that the front side 42b is higher than the rear side 42c with respect to the rotation direction R thereof.
By providing the hanging portions 42a at two points of the blade 42 and inclining the front side 42b of the blade 42 so as to be high, the high concentration sludge is not released in the circumferential direction as described above, as indicated by the arrow B in FIG. Can be efficiently pushed forward and downward to cause convection.

なお、水平面に対する羽根42の傾斜角α（図1参照）は嫌気性槽20のサイズ、形状、あるいは高濃度汚泥の性状等に応じて0°＜α＜90°の範囲で任意に調節すればよいが、一般的には15°≦α≦45°程度が好ましい。傾斜角αが15°よりも小さい場合、高濃度汚泥の大半は回転する羽根42の下面側を相対的に後方に摺動していき、高濃度汚泥の移動量が少ない（撹拌効果が生じ難い）という問題が生じる。
一方、傾斜角αが45°よりも大きい場合には、高濃度汚泥が羽根42から主として水平方向に押し出されることになり、高濃度汚泥の移動量は多いものの、その大半が水平面内で移動することになるので対流が生じ難く、死領域が生じるという問題がある。更に、羽根42が高濃度汚泥から反作用として受ける抵抗が大きくなり過ぎてモータ22等に過大な負荷が掛かるという問題もある。
傾斜角αを15°≦α≦45°程度にすることで、モータ22等に過度の負荷を掛けることなく、大量の高濃度汚泥を効率的に前方斜め下向きに移動させて対流を生じさせることができる。 The inclination angle α of the blade 42 with respect to the horizontal plane (see FIG. 1) can be adjusted arbitrarily within the range of 0 ° <α <90 ° depending on the size, shape, and properties of the high concentration sludge, etc. Although it is preferable, generally, about 15 ° ≦ α ≦ 45 ° is preferable. When the inclination angle α is smaller than 15 °, most of the high concentration sludge relatively slides backward on the lower surface side of the rotating blade 42, and the moving amount of the high concentration sludge is small (the stirring effect hardly occurs) The problem of) arises.
On the other hand, when the inclination angle α is larger than 45 °, the high concentration sludge is mainly pushed out horizontally from the blade 42, and although the movement amount of the high concentration sludge is large, most of it moves in the horizontal plane As a result, there is a problem that convection is difficult to occur and a dead area occurs. Furthermore, there is also a problem that the resistance that the blade 42 receives as a reaction from the high concentration sludge becomes too large and an excessive load is applied to the motor 22 or the like.
By setting the inclination angle α to about 15 ° ≦ α ≦ 45 °, a large amount of high concentration sludge is efficiently moved forward and downward to generate convection without applying an excessive load to the motor 22 etc. Can.

本発明は、被撹拌物を槽内で対流させることで効率的且つ充分に撹拌することができる攪拌翼及び撹拌装置に関するものであり、産業上の利用可能性を有する。   The present invention relates to a stirring blade and a stirring device capable of stirring efficiently and sufficiently by convecting a substance to be stirred in a tank, and has industrial applicability.

B 高濃度汚泥の移動方向
R 回転方向
10 メタン発酵装置
20 嫌気性槽
21 蓋
22 モータ
23 取出口
30 回転軸
40 攪拌翼
41 支軸
42 羽根
42a 下垂部
42b 前側
42c後側

B Movement direction of high concentration sludge
R rotation direction
10 methane fermenter
20 Anaerobic tank
21 lid
22 motor
23 outlet
30 axis of rotation
40 stirring blades
41 support shaft
42 feather
42a Pituitary
42b front side
42c back side

Claims (3)

槽内で上下方向にのびる回転軸に取り付けられた状態で前記槽内の被撹拌物を撹拌するための撹拌翼において、
前記回転軸の周囲に取り付けられ、前記回転軸の槽内の上部と、中部と、下部との少なくとも３か所に備えられた複数の支軸と、
前記複数の支軸の先端にそれぞれ取り付けられた複数の羽根とを備え、
前記羽根が平面視帯状の円弧形であり、前記羽根の外周側の側縁と内周側の側縁には下方に垂れ下がる下垂部を備え、前記羽根の径方向に沿った縦断面形状が下方に開いた断面コ字状であり、
前記羽根の外周側の側縁および内周側の側縁は、それぞれ平面視で前記支軸を中心とした円弧形に形成され、
前記羽根の回転方向に対して前側が後側よりも高くなるように傾斜角が１５度以上４５度以下の傾斜した状態で前記羽根が前記回転軸に取り付けられている、攪拌翼。 In a stirring blade for stirring an object to be stirred in the tank while being attached to a rotary shaft extending in the vertical direction in the tank,
A plurality of pivots mounted around at least the three locations of the upper portion, the middle portion, and the lower portion in the tank of the rotating shaft , mounted around the rotating shaft;
And a plurality of blades attached respectively to the tip of said plurality of support shafts,
The blade is a circular arc having a strip shape in plan view, and the outer peripheral side edge and the inner peripheral side edge of the blade are provided with a hanging portion which hangs downward, and the vertical cross-sectional shape along the radial direction of the blade is It has a U-shaped cross section open downward,
The outer peripheral side edge and the inner peripheral side edge of the blade are each formed in an arc shape centering on the support shaft in plan view,
The stirring blade , wherein the blade is attached to the rotation shaft in an inclined state at an inclination angle of 15 degrees or more and 45 degrees or less so that the front side is higher than the rear side with respect to the rotation direction of the blade. 前記被撹拌物が汚泥であり、
前記支軸は、前記回転軸の槽内の上部と、中部と、下部との３か所に備えられ、前記３か所のそれぞれに各４本であり、
前記羽根は、前記支軸の先端にそれぞれ１枚ずつ取り付けられ、
前記回転軸の回転により、前記槽内の被撹拌物が前記羽根から前方斜め下向きの圧力を受けて前記被撹拌物を前記羽根で押さえつけた状態で径方向に逃がすことなく前方斜め下向きに押し出して移動させる、請求項１に記載の攪拌翼。 The material to be stirred is sludge,
The support shafts are provided at three locations in an upper portion, a middle portion, and a lower portion in the tank of the rotation shaft, and four in each of the three locations.
The blades are attached to the tip of the support shaft one by one.
By the rotation of the rotating shaft, the material in the tank receives pressure from the blade forward and downward from the blade, and while the material is pressed by the blade, the material is pushed forward and downward without escaping in the radial direction The stirring blade according to claim 1 , which is moved . 請求項１又は２に記載の撹拌翼を槽内に備える汚泥処理用撹拌装置であって、
前記槽は、上下方向に内径が変化しない有底の筒状体と、前記筒状体の上端開口部を覆う蓋と、前記蓋の表面に取り付けられ前記回転軸を回転させるためのモータと、前記筒状体の下部に設けられた取出口と、を含み、
前記回転軸は前記蓋を貫通して上下方向にのび、軸回りに回転自在となるように前記モータに連結される、汚泥処理用撹拌装置。 It is a stirring apparatus for sludge treatments provided with the stirring blade of Claim 1 or 2 in a tank, Comprising :
The tank is a bottomed cylindrical body whose inner diameter does not change in the vertical direction, a lid covering an upper end opening of the cylindrical body, and a motor attached to the surface of the lid to rotate the rotation shaft; And an outlet provided at a lower portion of the tubular body,
The stirring device for sludge treatment, wherein the rotating shaft penetrates the lid, extends in the vertical direction, and is connected to the motor so as to be rotatable about an axis.
JP2015156744A 2015-08-07 2015-08-07 Stirring blade and stirrer for sludge treatment Expired - Fee Related JP6519923B2 (en)

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