JP6515187B2 - Light source device, lighting apparatus using the same, and vehicle lamp - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a light source device that can be used as a linear or planar light source.

  For example, as a light source attached to a wall surface and further as a light source device suitably usable as a vehicle lamp in a mobile object such as an automobile, light from a solid light source is made incident on a light guide made of a transparent member and the light is A configuration in which light is extracted from the light guide by scattering by the uneven shape formed on the surface of the light guide is already known. For example, in Patent Documents 1 and 2 below, by making the concavo-convex shape formed on the light guide into a fine pattern, the light and dark patterns caused by the individual patterns can not be seen, and the appearance texture and appearance of the light source device Discloses a technique for improving the

JP, 2014-29819, A JP, 2013-143307, A

  However, although the appearance of the light source device on the limited evaluation criteria is improved by making the configuration in which the light and dark patterns caused by the individual fine patterns are not visible, the light emission distribution is uniform, planar, and static. It becomes a thing. Therefore, particularly when considering use as a brake light or information indicator for a vehicle, it is lacking in the ability to promote its visibility and alerting (hereinafter referred to as "alertability") and is not necessarily sufficient performance. It could not be said that it could be

  In particular, in order to differentiate itself from conventional products in recent years, rather than being uniform and planar, the light emission distribution has a sense of luxury with excellent visibility and light emission characteristics etc. Lighting equipment and lamps are being required.

  Therefore, the present invention has been achieved in view of the problems in the above-mentioned prior art, and the object thereof is a light source which has high visibility, high alertness, can be manufactured at low cost, and has a sense of luxury Another object of the present invention is to provide a device, and a lighting device and a lighting device using the device.

  As one embodiment for achieving the above object, according to the present invention, there is provided a light source device comprising: a light source; and a light guide for propagating light from the light source inside and emitting the light to the outside The light guide has at least a first surface for emitting light and a second surface substantially parallel to the first surface, and the first surface and the second surface Is formed with a first texture and a second texture each having at least a periodic shape with different pitches, respectively, and dynamic interference is caused by the interference of light intensity caused by the first texture and the second texture. Generate a display that includes a display and a static display.

  According to the present invention, a light source device with high visibility, high alertness, low-cost manufacturing and high-grade feel, and a lighting fixture and a vehicle lamp using the light source device are provided. The excellent effect of being able to

It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the light guide which is a main member of the light source device which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the whole structure of the light source device which concerns on the said Example 1. FIG. It is a figure which shows the shape of the 1st texture 15 of the light guide in the said Example 1. FIG. It is a figure which shows the shape of the 2nd texture 16 of the light guide in the said Example 1, and the 3rd texture 17. FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the character formed in the said texture. It is a figure which shows the cross-sectional shape of the said 2nd texture 16 and the 3rd texture 17. FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the 2nd texture 26 in the Example 2 of this invention, and the 3rd texture 27, and a figure which shows the cross-sectional shape. It is a partially expanded sectional view of the light guide which shows the appropriateness of the inclination angle by the said 2nd texture 26 and the 3rd texture 27. FIG. It is a figure which shows the example of generation | occurrence | production of the moire fringe by interference with a 1st texture and a 2nd texture.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings.

Example 1
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a light guide 11 which is a main member of a light source device according to an embodiment (first embodiment) of the present invention, and in particular, FIG. The perspective view which looked at the light body 11 from the front surface is shown, and the perspective view which looked at the said light guide 11 from the back surface in FIG. 1 (B), respectively is shown.

  As apparent from these figures, the light guide 11 has the light emitting portion 13 which is formed in a rectangular plate shape as a whole by a light transmitting resin member such as PMMA, for example. At both ends in the longitudinal direction, substantially triangular light introducing portions 14a and 14b are formed, and light receiving portions (surfaces) 12a and 12b are formed at the tip end portions thereof. In addition, the light emitting unit 13 includes a light emission surface (upper side surface) 13 a and a substantially parallel opposing surface (lower side surface) 13 b opposed thereto. The texture 15 described in detail below is formed on the emission surface (upper side surface) 13a of the light emitting unit 13 (see FIG. 1A), and the opposite surface (lower side surface) 13b is also formed (FIG. ), The textures 16 and 17 described in detail below, and further, characters 18a to 18d displayed by the light source device are formed.

  FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of the light source device 10 in a state in which the above-described light guide 11 is housed in a case and attached to a lid member, and in particular, FIG. For example, the light source device 10 in a state of being housed in a case 21 formed of metal or resin, and FIG. 2B further includes the above-described lid member 22 formed of, for example, metal or resin thereon. The light source device 10 is shown in the state where it is attached. In the figure, reference numerals 23a and 23b denote, but not limited to, solid light sources consisting of solid light emitting elements including semiconductor lasers etc., and reference numerals 24a and 24b denote solid light sources. Shows each mounted substrate.

  According to the configuration of the light guide 11 described above and the light source device 10 to which the light guide 11 is attached, the light generated from the solid light sources 23a and 23b is efficiently transmitted through the light introducing portions 14a and 14b. , And then emitted from the light emitting unit 13 to the outside (upward in FIG. 2). The solid light sources 23a and 23b are mounted on the substrates 24a and 24b, respectively, and housed together with the light guide 11 in the case 21. Furthermore, the case 21 and the lid member 22 are connected by screws (not shown), whereby the light guide 11 is fixed to the substrates 24a and 24b on which the solid light source is mounted.

  FIG. 3 shows the shape of the (first) texture 15 described above, and in particular, FIG. 3 (A) shows the overall shape of the texture 15 formed on the light emitting side of the light emitting portion 13 3 (B) shows the cross-sectional shape of the texture 15.

  The texture 15 formed on the emission surface (upper side) 13a side of the light emitting portion 13 has a shape bent at the central portion (in this example, the central portion protrudes toward the right side in the drawing, as is apparent from these figures) And each texture 15 has an angle θ0 of approximately 5 degrees with respect to the texture 16 (that is, the texture 16 formed on the opposite surface (lower surface) 13b side described later). It is set to be

  Thus, providing a slight pitch difference with respect to the (second) texture 16 on the opposing surface (lower surface) 13b side described in detail below in the (first) texture 15 on the emitting surface (upper surface) 13a side. According to the configuration, as shown in FIG. 9, a configuration is provided that generates moire fringes (patterns) 19 bent in a “<” shape and a “>” shape from the center of the light source device 10 to the left and right. It becomes possible. In FIG. 9A, an example (example of a lamp for a vehicle) in which the character "STOP" is displayed at the approximate center of the display surface, and in FIGS. 9B and 9C, the approximate center of the display surface The example (example of the indoor guidance lamp of public facilities etc.) which displayed the character of "EXIT" or "DOOR" on the part is shown, respectively.

  That is, since the moiré fringes generated by the above-described configuration appear to move from the center to the left and right with changes in the relative distance to the viewpoint of the observer who sees this and the angle, etc., the dynamic display surface It can be done. That is, according to the light source device 10 described above, a display that includes a dynamic display in part of the conventional whole compared with a static display, in other words, characters on the background of a dynamic moiré fringe By floating and displaying, it is possible to realize the light source device 10 excellent in the visibility and the alertness.

  The above-described relative angle θ0 is appropriately determined according to the shape of the generated moire fringes. In order to form a bent moire fringe in which the arrow shown in the present embodiment is imaged, a range of approximately 2 degrees to 10 degrees is desirable as a range of θ0.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the texture 15 is formed of a groove having a concave cross section, and the pitch P1 thereof is set to about 1 mm. The value of this pitch can be set appropriately. However, when the pitch P1 is set to a value smaller than 0.1 mm, the processing accuracy becomes severe and the processing time becomes long, which is not preferable. If the value is too large, the visibility of each groove is improved (becomes better), and the texture 15 interferes with the visibility of moire fringes caused by interference with the texture 16 described later. It is not desirable. Therefore, it is preferable to select a pitch such that the apparent angle at which the visibility declines is 1 minute (1/60 degrees) or less at the distance between the subject and the light source device assumed according to the purpose of use. .

  As an example, when considering the application as a vehicle lamp such as a braking light or a braking auxiliary light, the distance P between vehicles at the time of normal traveling needs at least about 10 m, so the pitch P1 of the texture 15 should be 1.2. By setting it as 9 mm or less (0.1 mm-2.9 mm range), the angle 1 minute or less which is the said conditions can be satisfied.

  Also, considering the use as a direction indicator lamp, which is a type of vehicular lamp, the distance between the subject person and the car is assumed to be 5 m or more, even when assuming a pedestrian, so the pitch of the texture 15 By setting P1 to 1.5 mm or less (a range of 0.1 mm to 1.5 mm), it is possible to satisfy the condition of the angle of 1 minute or less.

  Furthermore, considering a luminaire that is an indicator light indoors, the distance between the subject and the light source device is generally assumed to be 2 m or more, so the pitch P1 of the texture 15 should be 0.6 mm or less By doing this, it is possible to satisfy the condition of 1 minute or less.

  In addition, when considering a luminaire that is an indicator light outdoors, it is assumed that the distance between the subject and the light source device is approximately 5 m or more, and the pitch P1 of the texture 15 is 1.5 mm or less By setting the above, it is possible to satisfy the condition of 1 minute or less.

  Subsequently, values of inclination angles θ1 and θ2 of grooves forming the (second) texture 16 formed on the opposite surface (lower side surface) 13b side of the light emitting portion 13 of the light guide 11, that is, the light emitting portion back surface 13b Describe. That is, the conditions for increasing the contrast of the moiré fringes described above, and the conditions for increasing the front luminance of the light emitted from the light emitting surface 13a of the light emitting surface 13 of the light emitting portion 13 of the light guide 11 As a result of examining in, it turned out that it is preferable that it is 42 +/- 3 degrees with (theta) 1 and (theta) 2 both.

  Further, the depth D1 of the texture 16 is shallow at the end portion which is in the vicinity of the light introducing portions 14a and 14b from the viewpoint of the brightness distribution uniformity of the light emitting portion surface 13a of the light emitting portion 13 It is preferable to set so that In this example, the distance is set to 0.08 mm in the vicinity of the light introducing portions 14a and 14b and 0.12 mm in the central portion.

  FIG. 4 shows the shapes of the texture 16 and the texture 17 formed on the back surface 13b of the light emitting portion, and in particular, FIG. 4 (A) shows a perspective view and FIG. The cross section and the cross section of the texture 17 are shown in FIG. 4 (C). The texture 16 has a shape projecting along the longitudinal direction along the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the light emitting portion back surface 13b.

  Here, the pitch P2 of the texture 16 is determined according to the following equation from the relationship with the period P0 of the moire fringes to be generated by the interference with the texture 15 which is the pitch P1.

mP1 = P0 (Equation 1)
Here, m is an integer P2 = (m / (m + 1)) P1 (Equation 2)
Or P2 = (m / (m-1)) P1 (Equation 3)

  The period P0 of the moire fringes needs to be of a size that can be sufficiently recognized even in the distance. For example, if the apparent angle is set to about 5 minutes (0.08 degrees) or more at a distance of 10 m away, the size is about 5 times the resolution of the human eye, which is sufficiently recognizable. The size is 15 mm. In the present embodiment, P0 = 25 mm in consideration of some allowance. Here, when the value of P2 is obtained according to the above (formula 2) or (formula 3) with P1 = 1 mm and m = 25, P2 = 1.042 mm or P2 = 0.962.

  Here, the pitch P2 of the texture 16 formed on the side of the light introducing portion 14a is 0.962 mm on the side of the light introducing portion 14b with the center of the light emitting portion back surface 13b of the light guide 11 as a boundary. By setting the pitch to 1.042 mm, even if the bending direction of the shape in which the above-described texture 15 is bent at the central portion is the same on the entire surface as shown in FIG. Similarly, the bending direction of the moire fringes 19 generated by the interference between the texture 15 and the texture 16 can be changed (reversed) with the center as a boundary. In this case, since the process of forming the texture 15 is simplified, more inexpensive manufacturing can be performed.

  Further, the change in the relative angle between the light source device 10 described above and the observer moves not only the pattern of the moire fringes to improve the recognizability, but also the moving direction of the pattern of the moire fringes is bordered on the central part Since the inversion makes it possible to make the moiré fringe pattern appear to emanate from the central portion or disappear at the central portion, it is possible to provide a higher value-added light emitter.

  Here, with regard to the angles θ3 and θ4 (see FIGS. 4B and 4C) of the (second) texture 16 described above, the conditions for increasing the contrast and the front luminance of the light emitted from the light emitting portion surface 13a As a result of examining on conditions which make high, it turned out that 42 +/- 3 degree is preferable with both.

  In addition, the depth of the texture 16 is set so as to be shallow at the end near the light introducing portions 14a and 14b and to be deep toward the central portion from the viewpoint of the uniformity in the luminance distribution of the light emitting portion surface 13a. It is preferable to do. Here, it is 0.1 mm in the vicinity of the light introducing portions 14a and 14b, and 0.38 mm in the central portion.

  Further, in the light source device to which the present invention relates, it is preferable that the visibility be secured to some extent even when the light source, for example, the solid light source is turned off. It is preferable that it is reflective.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, it is preferable to provide the (third) texture 17a or the texture 17b in combination with the above-described texture 16 on the back surface 13b of the light emitting portion. Functions are given. 6 (A) and 6 (B) show an optical path when the external light is reflected by the texture 17 having an inclination angle of 45 degrees and an inclination angle of 45 degrees or more, respectively. In general, since the intensity of light incident from the upper side is higher than that in the horizontal direction, the inclination angles θ5a, θ5b, θ6a, and θ6b of the texture 17a or the texture 17b are effective to front external light from the upper side in the horizontal direction. In order to reflect light, it is preferable that the angle be greater than 45 degrees. In the illustrated example, the pitch P3 (see FIG. 4C) of the texture 17a or the texture 17b is 2 mm, and the height D3a or D3b thereof is 0.85 mm.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 5, characters or patterns may be formed on a part of the light emitting portion back surface 13 b of the light guide 11.

  As also shown in FIG. 5, in this embodiment, characters or patterns are formed on a part of the light emitting portion surface 13a by forming a shape obtained by removing the surfaces of the texture 16 and the texture 17 into a concave shape. Are configured to be recognizable. That is, by selectively removing a part of the texture 16 in this manner, the occurrence of moire fringes disappears in that part, and a character or pattern is displayed by comparison with the moiré fringe generation part outside the area. I can expect improvement of the recognition of Therefore, this structure is a suitable configuration as a warning light or the like.

  Further, although not shown here, the generation phase of the moire fringes in the relevant part is also made different by changing the pitch and phase of the texture 16 and the texture 17, and thus, moire with different phases in the outside of the area By contrast, it is possible to improve the recognition of the display of characters or patterns, as described above. In addition, as the characters or patterns described above, as shown also in FIG. 9, characters or patterns that call attention according to the purpose can be formed.

(Example 2)
In the first embodiment described above, the cross-sectional shape of the texture 16 and the texture 17 formed on the opposite surface (lower surface) 13b side, that is, the light emitting portion back surface 13b has been described with respect to a convex shape. For example, the shape may be a roof shape or a cylindrical shape, or may be a concave shape as shown in FIG.

In the second embodiment, the texture 26 and the texture 27 having a concave shape are formed on the light emitting portion back surface 13 b. Here, the pitch P2 of the texture 26 and the pitch P3 of the texture 27 may be similar to the pitches of the texture 16 and the texture 17 shown in the first embodiment. Similarly, the values of the angles θ 3 and θ 4 of the texture 26 may be similar to the angles of the texture 16.
Further, as in the first embodiment, in the light source device to which the present invention relates, it is preferable that the visibility be secured to some extent even when the light source, for example, the solid light source is turned off. It is preferable to be able to reflect external light to some extent.

  Therefore, it is preferable to provide the (third) texture 27a or the texture 27b on the light emitting portion back surface 13b in combination with the above-described texture 26 as shown in FIG. Functions are given. 8 (A) and 8 (B) show the light paths when the outside light is reflected by the texture 27 having the inclination angle of 45 degrees and the inclination angle of 45 degrees or more, respectively.

  In general, since the intensity of light incident from the upper side is higher than the horizontal direction, the inclination angles θ5a, θ5b, θ6a, and θ6b of the texture 27a or the texture 27b efficiently front the external light from above the horizontal direction In order to reflect light, it is preferable that the angle be greater than 45 degrees. Further, in the illustrated example, the pitch P3 (see FIG. 4C) of the texture 27a or the texture 27b is 2 mm, and the height D3a or D3b thereof is 0.9 mm.

  In the embodiment described in detail above, the solid state light sources 23a and 23b are not necessarily limited to the ones that emit light simultaneously and continuously, and in addition, may be blinked or alternately lit. Is also possible. In particular, a display plate lamp or vehicle capable of guiding a route with excellent recognizability by aligning the direction of the generated moiré arrow and flickering in the same direction as the arrow. It becomes possible to provide a direction indication lamp which is a lamp.

  The foregoing thus describes an illumination device with an image projection function according to various embodiments of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but includes various modifications. For example, the above-described embodiment describes the entire system in detail in order to explain the present invention in an easy-to-understand manner, and is not necessarily limited to one having all the configurations described.

  Also, part of the configuration of one embodiment can be replaced with the configuration of another embodiment, and the configuration of another embodiment can be added to the configuration of one embodiment. In addition, with respect to a part of the configuration of each embodiment, it is possible to add, delete, and replace other configurations.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Light source device 11 Light guide 12a, 12b Light receiving part (surface) 13 Light emitting part 13a, 13b Upper part and lower side (of light emitting part) 14a, 14b Light introducing part 15, 15 16, 17 ... texture, 21 ... case, 22 ... lid member, 23a, 23b ... solid light source, 24a, 24b ... substrate.

Claims (12)

A light source device comprising: a light source; and a light guide which propagates the light from the light source inside and emits the light to the outside,
The light guide has at least a first surface emitting light, and a second surface substantially parallel to the first surface,
At least a periodic first texture and a second texture, each having a different pitch, are respectively formed on the first surface and the second surface,
Interference of light intensity caused by the first texture and the second texture generates a display including a dynamic display and a static display ;
The second surface further reflects a third texture which is substantially orthogonal to the second texture, in order to reflect a part of light from the outside incident from the first surface and to emit it again to the outside. Formed
The second texture formed on the second surface, or a part of the second texture and the third texture, is selectively removed, and the emitted light distribution at the removed portion is: It is different from the emitted light distribution in the part where the texture is not removed,
Light source device. In the light source device according to claim 1,
The light source device, wherein the dynamic display is a moire pattern due to interference of light intensity and darkness caused by the first texture and the second texture. In the light source device according to claim 2,
A light source device, wherein the moving direction of the moiré pattern is made different by changing the direction in which the relative position of the second texture to the first texture changes. In the light source device according to claim 3 ,
A light source device in which the moving direction of the moire pattern is made different by switching the magnitude relation between the pitch of the first texture and the pitch of the second texture depending on the position of the light guide. In the light source device according to claim 1 ,
The second texture formed on the second surface or a part of the second texture and the third texture is selectively changed, and the emitted light distribution in the changed portion has a texture A light source device which is different from the emitted light distribution in the portion which is not selectively changed. In the light source device according to claim 1,
The light source device, wherein the first texture of the first surface has a convex roof-like cross-sectional shape. In the light source device according to claim 1,
The light source device, wherein the first texture of the first surface is convex and has a cylindrical cross-sectional shape. In the light source device according to claim 1,
The light source device, wherein the light source is a solid light source consisting of a solid light emitting element. A light source device comprising at least a light source and a light guide for propagating light from the light source internally and emitting the light outside, and mounted as a vehicle brake light or a vehicle auxiliary brake light There,
The light source device according to claim 1 made from a light source device according to any one of 8, and were in the range of 0.1mm~2.9mm the pitch of the first texture, the vehicle lamp. In the vehicle lamp according to claim 9 ,
Furthermore, the vehicle lamp which made the pitch of said 1st texture the range of 0.1 mm-1.5 mm, and attached it as a direction indicator lamp for vehicles. A luminaire comprising at least a light source device comprising: a light source; and a light guide for propagating the light from the light source internally and emitting the light outside,
The light source device comprises the light source device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 , and the pitch of the first texture is in the range of 0.1 mm to 0.6 mm, and the indoor ceiling surface or Lighting fixtures mounted on the wall or outdoors. A luminaire comprising at least a light source device comprising: a light source; and a light guide for propagating the light from the light source internally and emitting the light outside,
The light source device comprises the light source device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 , and the pitch of the first texture is in the range of 0.1 mm to 1.5 mm, and is mounted outdoors. lighting equipment.

Images