JP6514082B2 - Three-dimensional object and method for forming the same - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a three-dimensional structure formed by using an additive manufacturing technique and a method of forming the same.

In recent years, as a technology capable of shaping (forming or manufacturing) arbitrary three-dimensional three-dimensional shaped objects, the development of additional manufacturing technology to solidify flowable materials based on three-dimensional data is remarkable, and the technology is generally named 3D printer It is known by

  In addition, conventionally, as a three-dimensional modeling apparatus which is a 3D printer, for example, a material extrusion system (heat melting extrusion lamination system) is known (for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). In such a material extrusion system three-dimensional modeling apparatus, a simple modeling system in which only a thermoplastic resin is melted and laminated, that is, by laminating molten thin thread-like plastic (fluid material) like a single stroke, is desired. It is possible to form a three-dimensional structure of Here, ABS resin and PLA resin are mainly used as the resin.

Patent No. 5751388 gazette Patent No. 3333909

The resin used in the above-mentioned conventional three-dimensional modeling apparatus is mainly made of ABS resin and PLA resin, and thus the obtained product is not excellent in chemical resistance etc. although it is excellent in heat resistance or weather resistance to some extent.
On the other hand, there is, for example, a fluorine resin as a resin excellent in a well-balanced manner in any performances such as heat resistance, weather resistance and chemical resistance. However, when examined, the fluorine resin is considered not to be applied to the conventional three-dimensional modeling apparatus because of the characteristics (difficulty) such as the high melting temperature and the poor adhesion between the resins.
The present invention focuses on this point, and an object of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional structure including a fluorine resin using an additive manufacturing technology and a method for forming the same.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the point which was invented in the present invention is that in a 3D printer (three-dimensional modeling apparatus), a heater for heating and melting a fluorine resin and a fluorine resin melted from the heater are placed and heated In view of the heating set temperatures of both stages and the melt flow rate of the fluorocarbon resin, appropriate predetermined ranges of respective elements related to each other have been found.
That is, the three-dimensional structure of the present invention is characterized by using a 3D printer as a means for giving a three-dimensional shape, and comprising a fluorine resin.
The three-dimensional structure according to the present invention is characterized in that a layer having a predetermined thickness containing a fluorine resin is laminated.
The method for forming a three-dimensional structure according to the present invention is a tertiary method using a 3D printer including a heater for heating and melting a fluorine resin, and a stage for placing and heating the fluorine resin melted from the heater. The method for forming a three-dimensional object, wherein the melt flow rate of the fluorine resin is 30 to 70 g / 10 min, the heating temperature of the heater is 350 to 500 ° C., and the heating temperature of the stage is 200 to 300 ° C. It is characterized by including the step of controlling.

  According to the three-dimensional structure of the present invention and the formation method thereof, it is possible to obtain a three-dimensional structure containing a fluorocarbon resin by using an additive manufacturing technique.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view schematically showing a configuration of a general print head portion of a material extrusion type three-dimensional modeling apparatus (3D printer). FIG. 2 is an explanatory view schematically showing an internal structure of a heater of the print head shown in FIG. 3 (a) is an enlarged view of the nozzle tip portion of the print head shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 (b) is a stage setting of the change of the resin temperature of the fluid material discharged from the nozzle tip portion. It is a graph represented according to temperature. FIG. 4 is a table showing evaluation results of the example and the comparative example.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a three-dimensional structure of the present invention and a method of forming the same will be described with reference to the drawings. [Material extrusion method]
The three-dimensional structure according to one embodiment of the present invention is a three-dimensional structure obtained by solidifying the flowable material into a three-dimensional three-dimensional shape by a predetermined additive manufacturing technology, It is characterized by using a fluorine resin as a material.
And, in the present embodiment, the material extrusion method is used as the additional manufacturing technology, and in the three-dimensional shaping method by the material extrusion method, the fluorocarbon resin can be applied as the fluid material.

The material extrusion method in the additive manufacturing technology is also called hot melt lamination method (FDM: registered trademark of Stratasys, Inc., USA), etc., and is a cross-sectional group obtained by slicing three-dimensional CAD data of a three-dimensional model to be formed into plural layers. The respective layers are formed from these data, and these layers are integrally laminated to produce a three-dimensional shaped article.
More specifically, in the material extrusion method, the fluid material is deposited in a plurality of layers forming a predetermined shape by driving the nozzle and the stage while extruding and discharging the fluid material in which the solid material is melted by heat from the nozzle. The desired three-dimensional structure is formed by laminating and then fusing and solidifying the layers of the flowable material in the laminated state.

[3D modeling device]
The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the present embodiment is an apparatus for modeling a three-dimensional model comprising a fluorine resin. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the three-dimensional modeling apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment is a material extrusion method, and as a configuration of the print head portion, the thermoplastic resin before melting is rod-shaped The raw material feed roller 101 for conveying the filament 1a formed in a cord shape, the heater 102 for heating and melting the filament 1a, the cooling fan 103 for cooling the heater 102, and the filament 1a melted by the heater 102 A nozzle 104 which is laminated as a fluid material 1b while being extruded into a predetermined shape, and a fluid material 1b which is extruded from the nozzle 104 and laminated into a layer is mounted, and heated at a predetermined temperature while each material of the fluid material 1b is And a stage 105 which fuses between the laminations to form and solidify as a shaped object.

The raw material feed roller 101 is a conveying means for conveying / supplying the filament 1a, which is formed into a rod shape and a string shape, into a rod-like / string-like solid material that has solidified before being solidified into the flowable material 1b. .
The filament 1a is a solid material in which the flowable material 1b is solidified in a rod-like or string-like shape, and although not particularly shown, the filament 1a wound around a reel or a spool and bundled in a coil shape The filaments 1a are sequentially fed out and conveyed / supplied to the heater 102 as the raw material feed roller 11 is rotated.
And, in the present embodiment, the flowable material 1 b provided as the filament 1 a is made of fluorocarbon resin.
The fluorine resin to be the flowable material 1 b will be described later.

The heater 102 is heating means for heating and melting the filament 1 a conveyed via the raw material feed roller 101, and is disposed on the front side (downstream side) in the conveyance direction of the raw material feed roller 101.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the heater 102 is disposed over the entire length of the flow path 102a for transporting and passing the filament 1a and the entire length of the flow path for heating the filament 1a passing through the flow path 12a. The heating means 102b can be controlled to a predetermined temperature, and the filament 1a is heated and melted while passing through the heater 102 to become a flowable material 1b having a predetermined viscosity, and the lower side of the heater (downstream Side) is pushed out through the nozzle 104.

The cooling fan 103 is a cooling unit that cools the heater 102 and is disposed in the vicinity of the upper side (upstream side) of the heater 102.
The nozzle 104 is a shaping means for laminating the filament 1a heated and melted by the heater 102 into a predetermined shape while extruding the filament 1a as the flowable material 1b.
Specifically, the nozzle 104 and the stage 105 are driven and controlled by control means and drive means (not shown), and are horizontally arranged in a predetermined pattern based on predetermined three-dimensional data (for example, CAD data). The movable material 1b is moved in a direction (X-axis direction and Y-axis direction) perpendicular to the direction (X-axis direction and Y-axis direction) to stack and deposit the flowable material 1b extruded and discharged from the nozzle tip in a predetermined shape.

The stage 105 is a planar table / mounting means for mounting the flowable material 1b which is extruded from the nozzle 104 and laminated in layers, and heats the mounted flowable material at a predetermined temperature (stage set temperature) It is a heating and solidification means for fusing between the laminations of the laminated flowable material 1b to form and solidify as a shaped object.
Although the stage 105 is not particularly illustrated in the present embodiment, it can be set (controlled) to a desired set temperature by adjusting the number, output, and the like of the heating means provided on the inside and the bottom of the stage 15 and the like. It is supposed to be.

  In the print head 100 of the three-dimensional modeling apparatus as described above, the filaments 1a which are melted and become the flowable material 1b are transported and supplied to the heater 102, whereby the filaments 1a heated and melted by the heater 102 are flowable As the material 1b is pushed out from the tip of the nozzle 104, and the nozzle 104 and the stage 105 are moved based on predetermined three-dimensional data, the flowable material 1b is stacked in layers of a predetermined shape on the stage 105. The layers are sequentially stacked in the height direction to finally form a three-dimensional structure.

The print head 100 shown in FIG. 1 conceptually and schematically represents a three-dimensional shaping apparatus used in the material extrusion method, and does not faithfully represent the actual apparatus configuration.
Therefore, when implementing the three-dimensional object according to the present invention and the forming method thereof, the configuration, method, operation, function, etc. of the actual three-dimensional object forming apparatus are limited to the print head 100 shown in FIG. It is not a thing.

[Flowable material]
Next, the flowable material (flowable material 1b shown in FIG. 1) used in the three-dimensional shaping according to the material extrusion method according to the present embodiment will be described.
The fluid material of the present embodiment contains a fluorocarbon resin.
The fluorine resin is excellent in heat resistance, weather resistance, chemical resistance, dust resistance, etc. By using this as a three-dimensional flowable material, heat resistance, weather resistance, chemical resistance, etc. can be obtained also for a shaped article obtained. Can increase the strength of
The fluorine resin which can be used in the present embodiment can be made of a meltable fluorine resin except for polytetrafluoroethylene (abbreviation: PTFE). Specifically, such fluorine resin is, for example, polychlorotrifluoroethylene (trifluorinated resin, abbreviation: PCTFE, CTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (abbreviation: PVDF), polyvinyl fluoride (abbreviation: PVF), ethylene, It may be composed of a fluorinated ethylene copolymer (abbreviation: ETFE), an ethylene / chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer (abbreviation: ECTFE), and the like. Preferably, the fluorine resin is composed of perfluoroalkoxy fluorine resin (abbreviation: PFA) and tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (abbr .: FEP), which are perfluorinated resins which are particularly excellent in chemical resistance. More preferably, it may be made of PFA resin which is particularly excellent not only in chemical resistance but also in heat resistance, weather resistance and dust resistance. The present fluororesin can be composed of one or more of the above-listed fluororesins.
Further, the melting point of the present fluororesin is less than 350 ° C., and the melt flow rate is configured to be 30 or more and less than 70 g / 10 minutes.
In addition, a fluorine resin is not limited to the said structure. For example, the melting point of the fluorine resin can be configured at 250 ° C. to less than 350 ° C., 270 ° C. to 330 ° C., 280 ° C. to 320 ° C., 290 ° C. to 310 ° C., around 300 ° C. The lower limit of the melt flow rate of the fluorine resin can be 40 g / 10 minutes or more, 50 g / 10 minutes or more, 60 g / 10 minutes or more, and the upper limit thereof can be 68 g / 10 minutes or less, 65 or less.

[Nucleator]
If coarse spherulites are formed in the resin and the smoothness of the surface of the fluorine resin is lost, there is a possibility that a three-dimensional structure can not be obtained, or sufficient forming accuracy and dimensional accuracy can not be obtained.
In view of this point, the flowable material of the present embodiment is configured to further include a nucleating agent. Thus, the surface smoothness of the fluorine resin can be maintained by increasing the number of spherulites by giving a nucleating agent which becomes a crystal nucleus to the fluorine resin, and the contact area between the resins is increased to improve adhesion. Can be improved. The nucleating agent may be a polymer obtained by polymerizing only tetrafluoroethylene, or a copolymer obtained by copolymerizing a trace amount of comonomer, metal and ammonium base in addition to tetrafluoroethylene. It is also good.
Also, the content of the nucleating agent is not particularly limited, but the content of the nucleating agent is, for example, 0.01 to 20.0 mass%, preferably 0.01 to 15.0 mass%, with respect to 100 mass% of the fluororesin. More preferably, it may be composed of 0.01 to 10.0% by mass.
In addition, although the fluid material of this embodiment is comprised including only a fluororesin and a nucleating agent, it is not limited to this structure. For example, in another embodiment, the flowable material can be configured to include only a fluorocarbon resin, or a fluorocarbon resin, a nucleating agent, and other resins.

[Three-dimensional modeling method]
Next, the three-dimensional modeling method of this embodiment performed using the fluid material which consists of the above fluorocarbon resin is demonstrated.
When three-dimensional shaping is performed by the material extrusion method, first, the filament 1a made of solidified fluorocarbon resin is set to the raw material feed roller 101 of the print head 100 of the three-dimensional shaping apparatus, and the raw material feed roller 101 is driven. , And convey and supply the filament 1a to the heater 102 (see FIG. 1).

The filament 1a conveyed to the heater 102 is heated and softened / melted by the heating means 102b disposed around the entire length of the flow passage while passing through the flow passage 102a in the heater.
The heating means 102b of the heater 102 is set (controlled) to a predetermined temperature (heater set temperature), and heats the filament 1a over the entire length of the heating means 102b (flow path 102a). As a result, the filament 1a is heated by the heating means 102b at a predetermined temperature (heater set temperature) only during the time when it is located in the flow path 102a.

In the nozzle 104, the filament 1a heated and melted / melted by the heater 102 is pushed out from the nozzle 104 as the flowable material 1b and discharged, and mounted / laminated on the stage 105.
The nozzle 104 and the stage 105 are driven and controlled by control means and drive means (not shown), and horizontally (X-axis direction and Y-axis direction) in a predetermined pattern based on predetermined three-dimensional data (for example, CAD data) And in the vertical direction (Z-axis direction).
As a result, the flow shadow material 1b which is pushed out and discharged from the tip of the nozzle 104 is stacked and deposited in a predetermined three-dimensional shape.

The stage 105 is set (controlled) to a predetermined temperature (stage setting temperature), and the flowable material 1 b pushed out from the nozzle 104 and layered is at a predetermined temperature (stage setting temperature) on the stage 105. It is shape | molded and solidified as a shaped article, fuse | bonding between each lamination | stacking of the flowable material 1b heated and laminated | stacked.
In this way, by repeating that the thin thread-like / string-like flowable material 1b which is melted is repeatedly stacked in a stroke, a predetermined three-dimensional structure is finally formed and manufactured. Become. The obtained three-dimensional structure is formed by laminating a layer having a predetermined thickness containing a fluorocarbon resin. Each layer in a plurality of layers having a predetermined thickness may be configured to have the same thickness or different thicknesses, and the thickness of each layer is not particularly limited. Adjustment of the thickness of each layer adjusts the diameter of the flowable material by appropriately controlling the drive of the raw material feed roller and the set temperature of the heater, or changes the filament which is the flowable material into another filament having a different diameter It can be implemented by exchanging.
Needless to say, the movement amount, movement range, movement number, etc. of the nozzle 104 and the stage 105 can be arbitrarily set and changed according to the shape, size, lamination thickness, etc. of the three-dimensional object to be formed. .

[Preset temperature]
As described above, in the method of forming a three-dimensional structure according to the present embodiment, the filament 1a which is a solid material to be the heat-meltable flowable material 1b is heated by the heater 102 at a predetermined heater setting temperature Also, while heating the flowable material 1b melted by the heater 102 at a predetermined stage set temperature on the stage 105, the final shaped object is formed.
Here, in the present embodiment, the heater set temperature of the heater 102 and the stage set temperature are set as follows.

  That is, the melting point t0 of the solid material (filament 1a) is less than 350 ° C., specifically 250 ° C. or more and less than 350 ° C., and the melting point t0 of this embodiment is 310 ° C. The set temperature t1 of the heater 12 is 350 to 500 ° C., preferably 400 to 470 ° C., and more preferably 425 to 450 ° C. The set temperature t2 of the stage 15 is 200 to 300.degree. C., preferably 260 to 280.degree.

  When the temperature of the stage 105 on which the flowable material 1b in which the filament 1a is melted is mounted is lower than the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the flowable material 1b (fixed material), the flowable material 1b is on the stage 105 And solidify immediately, and it becomes impossible to fuse each layer of the flowable material 1b in the laminated state. However, when the temperature of the stage 105 is higher than the heating temperature of the heater 102, the flowable material 1b does not solidify while being melted, and it becomes impossible to form a shaped object.

The set temperature of the heater 102 must be at least greater than the melting point t0 of the solid material in order to melt the filament 1a which is the solid material.
However, in this case, if the set temperature of the heater 102 is too high, for example, at a high temperature where the solid material is thermally decomposed, volatilization or kogation or the like of the solid material occurs.
On the other hand, even if the heater 102 is set to a temperature substantially equal to the melting point t0 of the solid material, for example, the fixing material (filament 1a) remains in the heater 102 (flow path 102a) so that such thermal decomposition does not occur. Since it is susceptible to the residence time, unnecessary heating may be performed on the material which is difficult to sufficiently melt and soften the filament 1a or which is already melted.

  Therefore, in the present embodiment, the set temperature of the heater 102 exceeds the melting point (less than 350 ° C.) of the solid material so that the solid material can be melted and dissolved reliably and rapidly and can be discharged as the flowable material 1b. The temperature is set to a predetermined temperature, specifically, 350 ° C. to 500 ° C.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the length of the heater 102 along the transport direction of the filament 1a is set so that the fixing material (filament 1a) can be heated for a predetermined time at a predetermined heating temperature. The lower limit of the heating time of the raw material can be set to, for example, 1 second or more, 5 seconds or more, 10 seconds or more, 15 seconds or more, 20 seconds or more, by configuring the It can be set in 90 seconds or less, 80 seconds or less, 70 seconds or less, 60 seconds or less. In the present embodiment, the heating time is adjusted to be about 60 seconds.

Here, the set temperatures of the heater 102 and the stage 105 will be described more specifically with reference to the temperature of the portion of the tip of the nozzle 104 from which the flowable material 1 b is pushed out.
FIG. 3A is an enlarged view of the tip of the nozzle 104 of the print head 100 according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 3B is a resin of the flowable material 1b discharged from the tip of the nozzle 104. It is the graph which calculated | required the change of temperature by calculation and was represented according to the preset temperature of the stage, and has shown the case where PFA is used as a fluororesin used as the fluid material 1b.

First, the melting point of PFA, which is a fluorocarbon resin, is about 310.degree.
Therefore, the set temperature of the heater 102 is set to a temperature higher than the melting point of PFA, for example, 400.degree.
The setting temperature of the stage where the flowable material 1b heated and melted by the heater 102 is extruded and mounted and stacked is 25 ° C. to 100 ° C., 200 ° C., and 300 ° C. in the range of 25 ° C. to 300 ° C. Set to a different temperature.
Then, in this case, the resin temperature at the tip of the nozzle when the flowable material 1b heated and melted at 400 ° C. by the heater 102 is pushed out from the tip of the nozzle 104 is calculated.

As a result, as shown in FIG. 3B, first, when the set temperature of the stage 105 is set to 25 ° C., the resin temperature of the flowable material 1b extruded from the tip of the nozzle 104 is approximately 200 ° C. immediately thereafter. The temperature dropped to near, and after 0.5 seconds, it dropped to about 50 ° C. and cooled.
Further, when the set temperature of the stage 105 was set to 100 ° C., the resin temperature at the tip of the nozzle 104 was approximately 250 ° C., and then dropped to nearly 100 ° C. after 0.5 seconds.
In addition, when the set temperature of the stage 105 was set to 200 ° C., the resin temperature at the tip of the nozzle 104 was approximately 300 ° C., and then decreased to nearly 200 ° C. after 0.5 seconds.

On the other hand, when the set temperature of the stage 105 is set to 300 ° C., the resin temperature at the tip of the nozzle 14 is approximately 350 ° C., and then it is nearly 300 ° C. even after 0.5 seconds. Temperature was maintained.
From the above, it is preferable to maintain the resin temperature at the tip of the nozzle 104 of the flowable material 1b at or above the melting point or in the vicinity by setting the set temperature of the stage 105 to preferably 300 ° C and at least 220 ° C. become able to.
The set temperature of the stage 105 can be set or changed to a desired set temperature by adjusting the number, the output, and the like of the heating means provided on the inside or the bottom side of the stage 105, although not particularly shown.

[Use]
The three-dimensional structure according to the present embodiment, which is shaped and manufactured as described above, may be manufactured as a prototype or sample of various products, similarly to a three-dimensional structure fabricated by a conventional material extrusion method or the like. it can.
In particular, in the present embodiment, since the above-mentioned fluorine resin is used as the material of the three-dimensional structure, the cured and completed molded article is excellent in strength, heat resistance, weather resistance, chemical resistance and the like.

Although the application of the three-dimensional structure is not particularly limited, for example, semiconductor manufacturing equipment, transportation machines such as automobiles and aircrafts, equipment for chemical plants, equipment for storage and transportation of fuel, electronic equipment, fuel cells, power generators , And various products such as household goods can be targeted.
Specifically, piping equipment members that are required to have heat resistance, weather resistance, chemical resistance, etc., such as valves, fittings, gaskets, packings, and cleanness to be used when manufacturing semiconductor products are required. Applications include members such as holding jigs, conveying devices, stockers, and the like.

As explained above, according to the three-dimensional structure according to the present embodiment and the formation method thereof, a three-dimensional structure can be obtained using a fluorocarbon resin as a flowable material of the three-dimensional structure.
That is, in the three-dimensional structure and its formation method according to the present embodiment, in the three-dimensional formation device (3D printer), a heater for heating and melting a fluorine resin and a fluorine resin dissolved from the heater are placed Focusing on both the heating setting temperature of the heating stage and the melt flow rate of the fluorocarbon resin, find an appropriate predetermined range of each of these related elements, and set each element to an appropriate predetermined range (control or By adjusting (3), a three-dimensional structure containing a fluorocarbon resin can be stably obtained with good moldability.
And, the formed object has excellent heat resistance, weather resistance, chemical resistance and the like due to the characteristics of the fluorocarbon resin, and it is possible to form and manufacture a new three-dimensional object which is not available conventionally. .

In addition, according to the three-dimensional structure and the method for forming the same according to the present embodiment, since it is possible to use the additive manufacturing technology of the material extrusion method which is a simple method of melting and laminating the fluorine resin, the process time The system configuration can also be simplified, and is particularly suitable for a simple and inexpensive 3D printer and rapid prototyping.
Moreover, unlike the case of shaping by scraping from the bulk, the additive shaping technology can form a shaped object in a clean state.
Furthermore, according to the material extrusion method, complex three-dimensional shapes can be shaped and manufactured by a single molding process, and there is no need for equipment such as molds, and the shapes can be made efficiently, efficiently, at low cost at desired shapes. You will be able to get things.

[Example]
Hereinafter, an example of a three-dimensional structure according to the present invention and a method of forming the same will be described. FIG. 4 shows the evaluation results of the example and the comparative example. The evaluation in FIG. 4 is the formability of the produced three-dimensional object, "○" indicates a good molding state in which no deformation or breakage occurs in the three-dimensional object, "「 "indicates that the three-dimensional object is The part shows a molding state in which the desired shape can be secured as a whole, although some deformation or breakage has occurred. "X" indicates a molding state or non-moldability in which the desired shape can not be secured due to the deformation or breakage occurring in the three-dimensional structure. Show.
The present invention is further described by the following examples, but the present invention is not limited by the following examples.
Example 1
(Production of a three-dimensional object)
The nozzle heater temperature for heating the raw material is 450 ° C., the stage heating temperature is 280 ° C., and the melt flow rate is 60 g / 10 min PFA resin using a general-purpose 3D printer (UP! Plus 2 made by Delta-Microfacotry) system The formability of the three-dimensional structure was confirmed when the three-dimensional structure was produced.
As a result, the molten resin was fixed on the stage from the tip of the nozzle, and a three-dimensional structure on which the resin was laminated was obtained.
[Examples 2 and 3]
The formability of the three-dimensional structure manufactured like Example 1 was confirmed except having set nozzle heater temperature to 300 degreeC and 500 degreeC.
When the nozzle heater temperature is 350 ° C, the resin discharge amount from the nozzle is insufficient, and when the nozzle heater temperature is 500 ° C, the discharge amount is excessive, so some deformation or breakage occurs in a part of the three-dimensional structure. As a whole, the desired shape was generally secured.
[Examples 4 and 5]
The nozzle heater temperature is 450 ° C., and the resin is discharged stably. However, when the stage heating temperature is 200 ° C., a part of the discharged resin is not fixed but peeled off, and the stage heating temperature is as high as 300 ° C. A part of the resin was softened, and a part of the three-dimensional structure was deformed in all cases, but the desired shape was secured as a whole.
[Example 6]
Even if the nozzle heater temperature is set at 450 ° C and the stage heating temperature is set at 280 ° C, when the melt flow rate of the resin is 30g / 10 min, the discharge amount of the resin is small, and some deformation occurs in part of the three-dimensional structure Although the failure occurred, the desired shape was generally secured as a whole.
[Comparative Examples 1 and 2]
Even if the melt flow rate is 60 g / 10 min and the stage temperature is set to 280 ° C., the resin is not discharged at all at a nozzle heater temperature of 250 ° C., and the resin is decomposed at a nozzle heater temperature of 600 ° C. The resin did not discharge in a thin linear shape, and none of the three-dimensional modeling was possible.
[Comparative Examples 3 and 4]
Even if the resin is used at a melt flow rate of 60 g / 10 min and the nozzle heater temperature is set to 450 ° C and the resin can be discharged stably, the resin is not fixed at all at the stage temperature of 150 ° C and the stage temperature is At 350 ° C., the resin remelted on the stage, and three-dimensional shaping was not possible in any case.
[Comparative Examples 5 and 6]
Even if the nozzle heater temperature is set to 450 ° C. and the stage temperature is set to 280 ° C., when a resin having a melt flow rate of 20 g / 10 min is used, the resin is not discharged at all, and the melt flow rate is 70 g / 10 When resin for a minute was used, three-dimensional modeling could not be performed in any case due to excessive discharge amount.

  As mentioned above, although the three-dimensional model of the present invention and its modeling method were shown and explained preferred embodiments, the three-dimensional model and the modeling method concerning the present invention are limited only to the above-mentioned embodiment It goes without saying that various modifications can be made within the scope of the present invention.

  For example, in the embodiment described above, the three-dimensional structure and the forming method thereof according to the present invention have been described by taking as an example the case of applying to the additive manufacturing technology of material extrusion method of heat melting a flowable material. The present invention is not only applied to the material extrusion method, but can be applied to other methods of additive manufacturing technology.

1a Filament 1b Flowable Material 100 Print Head (Three-Dimensional Forming Device)
101 material feed roller 102 heater 103 cooling fan table 104 nozzle 105 stage

Claims (1)

A method for forming a three-dimensional object using a 3D printer, comprising: a heater for heating and melting a fluorine resin; and a stage for placing and heating the fluorine resin melted from the heater,
The melt flow rate of the fluororesin is 30 to 70 g / 10 minutes,
A method for forming a three-dimensional structure, comprising the steps of controlling the heating temperature of the heater to 350 to 500 ° C. and the heating temperature of the stage to 200 to 300 ° C.