JP2019142089A - Three-dimensional molding object and three-dimensional molding device - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a three-dimensional molding object 600 that can improve a durability against external force in a layer thickness direction as compared with the prior art.SOLUTION: In a three-dimensional molding object formed by laminating a plurality of molding layers having a plurality of molding parts made of molding materials, a first molding layer (m1, m3, m5) in which a plurality of first molding parts 601 as molding parts are arranged with a gap 605 therebetween, and a second molding layer having a plurality of second molding parts 602 that are sandwiched between two first molding layers, and straddling the gap 605 of one first molding layer and the gap 605 of the other first molding layer in the two first molding parts, and are molding parts protruding into at least one of the gaps 605 of these two first molding layers, are alternately laminated.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 8

Description

  The present invention relates to a three-dimensional structure and a three-dimensional structure apparatus.

  Conventionally, a three-dimensional modeled object in which a plurality of modeling layers having a plurality of modeling parts made of modeling materials are stacked is known.

  For example, in Patent Document 1, a modeling layer in which a plurality of modeling parts made of a resin solidified into an elongated shape is arranged in a short direction by a three-dimensional modeling apparatus in a layered manner, and the short direction of the modeling part is set in the upper and lower layers. A three-dimensional structure in which a plurality of layers are stacked in a form orthogonal to each other is disclosed.

  In this three-dimensional structure, it is thought that the upper and lower layers have durability in the external force in the plane direction (the surface direction of the layer) because the short sides of the modeling parts are orthogonal to each other. When an external force is applied in the thickness direction, there is a problem that peeling and breaking are likely to occur at the interface between the upper and lower layers.

  In order to solve the above-described problem, the present invention provides a three-dimensional structure in which a plurality of modeling layers each having a plurality of modeling parts made of a modeling material are stacked, and a plurality of first modeling parts as the modeling parts are arranged with a gap therebetween. The first modeling layer arranged and sandwiched between the two first modeling layers, straddling the gap of one of the first modeling layer and the gap of the other first modeling layer in the two, And the 2nd modeling layer which has two or more 2nd modeling parts which are the above-mentioned modeling parts of the shape which protrudes in at least one in the above-mentioned gap in the two above-mentioned 1st modeling layers, It is characterized by the above-mentioned It is.

  According to the present invention, there is an excellent effect that it is possible to improve the durability of the three-dimensional structure with respect to the external force in the thickness direction of the modeling layer, as compared with the related art.

The schematic front view which shows the internal structure of the three-dimensional modeling apparatus which concerns on embodiment. Sectional drawing which shows the AA sectional drawing of FIG. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the outline of the modeling head of the same three-dimensional modeling apparatus. The block diagram which shows a part of electric circuit in the same three-dimensional modeling apparatus with a control parameter. The block diagram which shows a part of the electric circuit with the control parameter and the modeling module of the three-dimensional apparatus. The side view which shows the front-end | tip part of the modeling head of the modeling module, and the layer formed by the molten filament which is modeling material. The expansion perspective view which expands and shows a part of each layer of the conventional three-dimensional structure. The expansion perspective view which expands and shows a part of each layer of the three-dimensional structure according to the embodiment. The perspective view which shows the dumbbell-shaped three-dimensional structure obtained by cutting the same three-dimensional structure. The perspective view which shows the three-dimensional molded item which concerns on embodiment of the state before cutting. The schematic diagram which shows the tool path of the nozzle of the 3D modeling object (before cutting process) shape | molded by the 3D modeling apparatus which concerns on embodiment, and the same 3D modeling apparatus when modeling this.

Hereinafter, an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a three-dimensional structure formed by a hot melt lamination method (FDM :: Fused Deposition Modeling) and a three-dimensional structure forming apparatus for forming the three-dimensional structure will be described.
First, a basic configuration of the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the embodiment will be described. A three-dimensional modeling apparatus using a hot melt lamination method prepares long filaments made of a resin composition having a thermoplastic resin as a matrix as a matrix in advance. The filament is supplied to the modeling head, and the filament is heated in the modeling head to melt or semi-melt the matrix thermoplastic resin. Then, a layer is formed by disposing an elongated formed product that is cooled and solidified while extruding a melt or semi-melt from the tip of the nozzle of the moving modeling head into a flat shape as a whole. A three-dimensional three-dimensional structure is formed by stacking these layers. When such a hot melt lamination method is used, it is possible to form a three-dimensional structure that is complicated or cannot be molded by injection molding.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic front view showing the internal structure of the three-dimensional modeling apparatus 1 according to the embodiment. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the AA cross-sectional view of FIG. Hereinafter, description will be made assuming that the vertical direction is the Z-axis direction, the horizontal direction of the apparatus is the X-axis direction, and the depth direction of the apparatus is the Y-axis direction.

  In the three-dimensional modeling apparatus 1, the mounting table 7 is provided in the processing space inside the housing 10, and the three-dimensional modeled object M is modeled on the mounting table 7. Near the both ends of the mounting table 7 in the X-axis direction, mounting table guide shafts 44 penetrate, and near the one end of the mounting table 7 in the Y-axis direction, a Z-axis feed screw 42 penetrates. A female screw is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the through hole through which the Z-axis feed screw 42 of the mounting table 7 passes. The mounting table 7 is screwed into the Z-axis feed screw 42.

  The lower end of the Z-axis feed screw 42 is connected to a Z-axis drive motor 41 provided on the bottom surface of the housing 10. A Z-axis coordinate detection mechanism 43 that detects the position of the mounting table 7 in the Z-axis direction is provided on the bottom surface of the housing 10.

  When the Z-axis feed screw 42 is rotationally driven by the driving force of the Z-axis drive motor 41, the mounting table 7 screwed into the Z-axis feed screw 42 is guided by the pair of mounting table guide shafts 44, while the Z-axis feed screw 42 is rotated. Move in the direction. The Z-axis drive motor 41 is controlled based on the detection result of the Z-axis coordinate detection mechanism 43.

  It is preferable that the three-dimensional modeling apparatus 1 is provided with a table heating unit 400 that heats the mounting table 7 to heat the mounting table 7 to a specified temperature. By heating the mounting table 7 to a prescribed temperature, the modeling material layer on the mounting table 7 is prevented from cooling during modeling. Thereby, the expansion-contraction by the cooling of a modeling material layer can be suppressed, and generation | occurrence | production of the curvature of a molded article, etc. can be suppressed.

  A reel 31 around which a filament 30, which is a molding material made of a thermoplastic resin such as an elongated wire-shaped ABS resin or PLA resin, is rotatably attached to the outer surface of the housing 10. The reel 31 is pulled and rotated by the extruder 25 that feeds the filament 30, thereby feeding the wound filament 30.

  A modeling module 100 is provided above the mounting table 7 in the processing space. The modeling module 100 includes a modeling head 20 as discharge means, a rotary table 82 as holding means, a support member 28, and the like.

  The modeling head 20 includes an extruder 25 as an introduction unit that sends out the filament 30, a cooling block 24 as a cooling unit that cools the filament 30, a heating block 22 that heats and melts the filament 30, and an extrusion unit through which the melted filament 30 is extruded. As a nozzle 21. The three-dimensional modeling apparatus 1 forms a three-dimensional structure by sequentially laminating layers made of a hardened modeling material on the mounting table 7 by ejecting the melted filament 30 so as to be pushed out from the nozzle 21. .

  In the modeling module 100, two modeling heads 20 are provided side by side in the Y-axis direction, and are integrated except for the nozzles of the modeling head. The modeling head 20 is held by a rotary table 82, and the rotary table 82 is rotatably attached to the support member 28.

  Of the two modeling heads 20, a melt filament serving as a model material constituting a three-dimensional model is discharged from the nozzle 21 of one modeling head 20, and a support material is output from the nozzle 21 of the other modeling head 20. The molten filament is discharged. The support material is usually formed of a material different from the filament of the model material constituting the three-dimensional structure, and is finally removed from the three-dimensional structure. The molten filament made of the support material discharged from the other nozzle 21 is also sequentially laminated in the same manner as the molten filament of the model material.

  The turntable 82 is rotatably provided on the support member 28. A table rotation motor 83 that rotates the rotary table 82 is attached to the support member 28. For example, external teeth are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotary table 82, and the motor gear 83 a of the table rotary motor 83 is engaged with the external teeth of the rotary table 82. Thereby, a driving force is transmitted from the table rotation motor 83, and the rotation table 82 rotates.

  An X-axis guide shaft 54 extending in the X-axis direction and an X-axis feed screw 52 pass through the support member 28. A female screw is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the through hole through which the X-axis feed screw 52 of the support member 28 passes, and the support member 28 is screwed into the X-axis feed screw 52.

  A Y-axis guide shaft 64 is provided at one end (left side in the figure) of the upper part of the casing, and a Y-axis feed screw 62 is provided at the other end (right side in the figure) of the upper part of the casing. Is provided. A guided member 66 is attached to the Y-axis guide shaft 64 so as to be movable in the Y-axis direction, and a moving member 65 is screwed to the Y-axis feed screw 62.

  The guided member 66 holds one end of the X-axis guide shaft 54 and the X-axis feed screw 52. The X-axis feed screw 52 is rotatably held by the guided member 66. The moving member 65 holds the other end of the X-axis guide shaft 54, the X-axis drive motor 51, and the X-axis coordinate detection mechanism 53 that detects the position of the modeling module 100 in the X-axis direction. The other end of the X-axis feed screw 52 is connected to the X-axis drive motor 51. As a result, the support member 28 that supports the modeling head 20 and the like is held by the Y-axis feed screw 62 and the Y-axis guide shaft 64 in a state of being spanned by the X-axis guide shaft 54 and the X-axis feed screw 52. .

  One end of the Y-axis feed screw 62 is rotatably supported by the feed screw holding portion 61a, and the other end is connected to a Y-axis drive motor 61 attached to the side surface of the housing 10. A Y-axis coordinate detection mechanism 63 that detects the position of the modeling module 100 in the Y-axis direction is attached to the feed screw holding portion 61a.

  When the Y-axis feed screw 62 is rotationally driven by the Y-axis drive motor 61, the moving member 65 screwed to the Y-axis feed screw 62 moves in the Y-axis direction. Thereby, the modeling module 100 held by the moving member 65 via the X-axis guide shaft 54 and the X-axis feed screw 52 moves in the Y-axis direction while being guided by the Y-axis guide shaft 64. The Y-axis drive motor 61 is controlled based on the detection result of the Y-axis coordinate detection mechanism 63.

  When the X-axis feed screw 52 is rotated by receiving the driving force of the X-axis drive motor 51, the modeling module 100 is guided by the X-axis guide shaft 54 together with the support member 28 screwed into the X-axis feed screw 52. Move in the direction. The X-axis drive motor 51 is controlled based on the detection result of the X-axis coordinate detection mechanism 53.

  A nozzle cleaning unit 70 for cleaning the nozzle 21 of the modeling head 20 is provided in the housing 10. If the discharge of the melted filament 30 is continuously performed, the periphery of the nozzle may become dirty due to dripping of the molten filament from the nozzle 21 or residual filament adhering to the nozzle 21, which may hinder an appropriate discharge operation. Therefore, it is necessary to periodically clean the nozzle.

  The nozzle cleaning unit 70 is provided at one end in the X-axis direction of the mounting table 7, and mainly includes a brush 71 for removing foreign matters such as residual filaments of the nozzle 21, a brush motor 72 that rotates the brush 71, and a brush And a recovery box 73 for recovering the foreign matter removed by 71.

  The nozzle 21 is cleaned as follows. First, the mounting table 7 and the modeling module 100 are moved, and the nozzle 21 is brought into contact with the brush 71. Then, the brush 71 is rotated by the brush motor 72 to remove foreign matters such as residual filaments adhering to the nozzle 21. Preferably, cleaning is performed before the temperature of the residual filament adhering to the nozzle 21 is lowered, from the viewpoint of fixation. As the brush 71, it is preferable to use a heat resistant resin.

  The foreign matter removed from the nozzle 21 falls into the collection box 73 and is collected in the collection box 73. The collection box 73 is provided so as to be detachable from the mounting table 7, and foreign substances contained in the collection box 73 removed from the mounting table 7 are periodically removed from the box by the operator. In the three-dimensional modeling apparatus 1, the collection box 73 is provided in the housing 10, but the foreign matter provided outside the housing 10 and removed from the nozzle 21 by the brush 71 is, for example, sucked by a suction machine or the like. You may make it convey to the collection | recovery box 73 provided outside.

  FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an outline of the modeling head 20. The modeling head 20 includes an extruder 25 that sends the filament 30 toward the nozzle 21, a cooling block 24 that cools the filament 30, a heating block 22 that heats and melts the filament 30, a nozzle 21 that discharges the melted filament 30, and the like. doing. Between the cooling block 24 and the heating block 22, a guide block 23 that guides the filament 30 that has passed through the cooling block 24 toward the heating block 22 is disposed. Each of the heating block 22, the guide block 23, and the cooling block 24 is formed with a transfer path 26 for transferring the filament 30 sent out from the extruder 25 to the nozzle 21.

  The heating block 22 includes a heat source 22a that is a heating unit that heats the filament 30, and a thermocouple 22b that is a temperature detection unit that detects the temperature of the filament 30 heated by the heat source 22a. The thermocouple 22b is arranged on the side opposite to the side where the heat source 22a is arranged across the transfer path 26 through which the filament 30 is transferred. The heating block 22 heats and melts the filament 30 in the transfer path 26. Then, the molten filament 30 a is transferred to the nozzle 21.

  The heat from the heating block 22 propagates not only to the filament 30 in the transfer path 26 but also to the filament 30 existing upstream of the filament 30 in the transfer direction. It is not preferable that the filament 30 is heated and melted.

  Specifically, when the heating process by the heating block 22 is stopped or interrupted, the melted filament 30 in the transfer path 26 is solidified in the transfer path 26. Thereafter, when the heating process by the heating block 22 is resumed, the filament 30 having a history of melting and solidifying in the transfer path 26 is rapidly remelted. On the other hand, it is assumed that the filament 30 is melted and solidified on the upstream side of the transfer path 26 in the transfer direction. Since it takes a certain amount of time for the filament 30 to be remelted after resumption of heating, the filament 30 is not transferred to the nozzle 21 but is clogged in the middle. For this reason, it is important to suppress the above-mentioned clogging so that the heat propagation range to the filament 30 by the heating block 22 is not expanded as much as possible upstream of the transfer path 26 in the transfer direction.

  Therefore, a cooling block 24 is provided on the upstream side of the transfer path 26 of the heating block 22 in the transfer direction. The cooling block 24 is made of a material having high heat conductivity such as aluminum, and a flow path 24 a through which a refrigerant flows is provided around the transfer path 26 of the cooling block 24. The cooling block 24 cools the cooling block 24 by moving the heat of the filament 30 in the transfer path inside the cooling block 24 to the refrigerant flowing in the flow path 24a. This prevents the filament 30 at a location upstream of the transfer path 26 of the heating block 22 from being melted by heat propagation from the heating block 22.

  The guide block 23 disposed between the heating block 22 and the cooling block 24 is made of a heat insulating material and suppresses the heat of the heating block 22 from propagating upstream in the filament transfer direction. Thereby, it is further suppressed that the filament 30 at a location upstream of the transfer path 26 of the heating block 22 is melted by heat propagation from the heating block 22. In addition, the filament 30 in the transfer path 26 can be efficiently heated by suppressing the heat from the heating block 22 from propagating to the filament 30 at a position different from the position of the transfer path 26.

  The extruder 25 is provided with a pair of feed rollers 25 a for feeding the filament 30 toward the transfer path 26. The molten filament 30 a heated and melted by the heating block 22 is discharged from the nozzle 21 under the feeding force of the extruder 25.

  The extruder 25 of one modeling head 20 and the extruder 25 of the other modeling head 20 are the same, and the filament 30 in each modeling head 20 is sent out by one extruder 25. Moreover, the cooling block 24 of one modeling head 20 and the cooling block 24 of the other modeling head 20 are the same, and the filament 30 in each modeling head 20 is cooled by one cooling block 24. Moreover, the guide block 23 of one modeling head 20 and the guide block 23 of the other modeling head 20 are the same, and the filament 30 in each modeling head 20 is guided by one guide block 23. Moreover, the heating block 22 of one modeling head 20 and the heating block 22 of the other modeling head 20 are the same, and the filament 30 in each modeling head 20 is heated by one heating block 22.

  FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a part of the electric circuit in the three-dimensional modeling apparatus 1 together with control parameters. FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a part of the electric circuit together with the control parameters and the modeling module 100. In these drawings, a control device 200 as a control means includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 402 as a calculation means, a RAM (Random Access Memory) 404 as a data storage means, a ROM (Read Only Memory) 406, a nonvolatile memory 408, and the like. Composed. And various arithmetic processing and execution of a control program are performed.

  Reference numeral 90 in the drawing denotes a drive unit. The drive unit 90 includes an X-axis, Y-axis, Z-axis drive motors 41, 51, 61, a table rotation motor 83, an X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis coordinate detection mechanism 43. , 53, 63, and the like.

  The control device 200 includes a data generation unit 201, a heating temperature control unit 202, an extrusion amount control unit 203, a drive control unit 204, a surface treatment control unit 205, and the like. The data generation unit 201 is divided into a large number of pieces that are decomposed in the vertical direction based on the modeling object data input from an external device such as a personal computer connected to the three-dimensional modeling apparatus 1 in a wired or wireless manner so that data communication is possible. Layer data (slice data for modeling) is generated. The slice data corresponding to each layer corresponds to each layer formed by the filament 30 ejected from the modeling head 20 of the 3D modeling apparatus 1, and the thickness of each layer depends on the capability of the 3D modeling apparatus 1. Is set as appropriate. Note that slice data may be generated by an external device, and the slice data may be input to the 3D modeling apparatus 1.

  The slice data is, for example, text data having an extension of “.gcode” called G-code, and “.gcode” is basically 1. Data of vertex coordinates of the object; 2. velocity data to move to each vertex; It consists of three pieces of speed data for sending out the filament. 3. As described above. The speed data for sending out the filament includes data on the start timing and the stop timing. In addition to the above, the data generation unit 201 generates heating temperature data and the like.

  The heating temperature data is transmitted to the heating temperature control unit 202. The heating temperature control unit 202 feedback-controls the heat source 22a of the heating block 22 based on the temperature detection result by the thermocouple 22b so that the set heating temperature sent from the data generation unit 201 is obtained.

  In order to ensure the stability of the temperature of the tip nozzle, it is preferable that the heating temperature control unit 202 starts the operation prior to the start of the filament delivery operation and is heated to the set heating temperature at the start of the filament delivery operation. Specifically, the feed-forward control for controlling the heat source 22a is performed by predicting the filament delivery operation start timing based on the data for starting delivery of the filament 30, the vertex coordinate data of the modeled object, or the like. preferable. In addition, if it detects that the thermocouple 22b reached preset heating temperature, the feedback control which starts modeling operation | movement may be sufficient.

  G-code 3. The speed data for sending the filament is sent to the extrusion amount control unit 203. The extrusion amount control unit 203 controls the extruder 25 so that the filament feeding speed sent from the data generation unit 201 is obtained. Further, it is preferable that the push-out amount control unit 203 performs a sucking operation to reversely rotate the extruder 25 and draw the filament 30 before stopping the discharge of the filament 30 from the nozzle 21 (before stopping the driving of the extruder 25). By performing such an operation, the drooping of the filament from the nozzle 21 can be suppressed, and the shape accuracy of the modeled object can be improved.

  G-code above 1. Data on the vertex coordinates of the object, 2. The speed data that moves to each vertex is sent to the drive control unit 204. The drive control unit 204 sends the above-mentioned 1 .. Data on the vertex coordinates of the object, 2. The motors 41, 51, 61, and 83 are controlled based on the speed data that moves to each vertex. In addition, the drive control unit 204 performs feedback control to move to the target coordinate point based on the detection results of the coordinate detection mechanisms 43, 53, and 63 so as not to cause incomplete operation.

  The extrusion amount control unit 203 is synchronized with the drive control unit 204, and the extrusion amount (feed speed) of the filament 30 and the start / stop of the filament 30 are controlled according to the movement of the modeling head 20. . Further, the surface treatment control unit 205 is also synchronized with the drive control unit 204, and ON / OFF of the surface treatment apparatus power supply 85 is controlled according to the movement of the modeling head 20.

  When modeling is started by a user's instruction operation or the like, first, energization to the heat source 22a of the heating block 22 is turned on and heated to the heating temperature generated by the data generation unit 201 based on the model data. Further, the drive control unit 204 controls the Z-axis drive motor 41 to raise the mounting table 7 from a predetermined standby position (for example, the lowest point) and move it to the modeling position.

  The Z-axis coordinate detection mechanism 43, which has detected that the mounting table 7 has reached the modeling position, stops the Z-axis drive motor 41 and proceeds to the modeling process. In the modeling process, first, a lowermost modeling material layer is created on the surface of the mounting table 7 based on the slice data of the lowermost layer (first layer). Specifically, the X-axis drive motor 51 is driven by the drive control unit 204 based on the slice data of the lowest layer (first layer), the detection result of the X-axis coordinate detection mechanism 53, and the detection result of the Y-axis coordinate detection mechanism 63. And the Y-axis drive motor 61 is controlled. Thereby, the tip of the nozzle 21 of the modeling head 20 is sequentially moved to the target position (target position on the XY plane). Further, in synchronization with the drive control of the drive control unit 204, the extrusion amount control unit 203 controls the extruder 25 based on the slice data to execute the delivery of the filament 30 by the nozzle 21. Thereby, the filament is discharged from the nozzle 21 while sequentially moving the tip of the nozzle 21 of the modeling head 20 to the target position, and the modeling material layer according to the slice data of the lowermost layer (first layer) is placed on the mounting table 7. Is formed. A support material that does not constitute a three-dimensional structure may be created together.

  When the lowest layer modeling process (unit layer modeling operation) according to the slice data of the lowest layer (first layer) is finished, the drive control unit 204 drives the Z axis based on the detection result of the Z axis coordinate detection mechanism 43. The motor 41 is controlled to lower the mounting table 7 by a distance corresponding to one layer of the modeling material layer. After that, based on the slice data of the second layer, the drive control unit 204 controls the X-axis drive motor 51 and the Y-axis drive motor 61 to sequentially move the tip of the nozzle 21 of the modeling head 20 to the target position. At the same time, the extrusion amount controller 203 controls the extruder 25 to feed the filament 30 from the nozzle 21. Thereby, the second layer according to the slice data is formed on the lowermost layer formed on the mounting table 7.

  In this way, by controlling the Z-axis drive motor 41 and sequentially lowering the mounting table 7, the operation of laminating layers made of modeling materials in order from the lower layer is repeated, and three-dimensional according to the three-dimensional modeling data. A model is modeled on the mounting table 7. When the modeling of the three-dimensional structure is finished, the Z-axis drive motor 41 is controlled and lowered to the standby position.

  FIG. 6 is a side view showing the tip portion of the modeling head (20) and the layer formed by the molten filament (30a) as the modeling material. In the same figure, the process in which the molten filament (30a) for forming the modeling part which comprises the 2nd layer m2 is discharged from the nozzle 21 on the formed lowest layer m1 is shown.

  The nozzle 21 discharges the molten filament (30a) while moving in the direction of the white arrow in the figure. As a result, an elongated shaped part made of the filament (30) extending in the direction of the white arrow in the figure is formed. A layer (m1, m2) having a layer structure formed by a plurality of modeling portions is formed by forming a plurality of the modeling portions in a form aligned in a direction orthogonal to the paper surface of FIG.

  In this figure, the molten filament (30a) is ejected from the nozzle 21 while moving the nozzle 21 in the direction of the arrow X1 in the figure to form a modeling part. The arrow X1 direction is a direction from one side to the other side along the X axis in FIG. The direction opposite to the arrow X1 direction is the arrow X2 direction as shown in FIG. Further, a Y1 direction to be described later is a direction from one side to the other side along the Y axis.

  The three-dimensional modeling apparatus 1 forms a plurality of modeling parts in a single stroke form. The basic operation in this one-stroke writing is as follows. That is, in FIG. 6, the three-dimensional modeling apparatus 1 in which the modeling unit being formed is formed up to the end in the direction of arrow X <b> 1 moves the nozzle 21 in the direction of arrow Y <b> 1 (see FIG. 2). Then, while moving the nozzle 21 in the direction of the arrow X2 (see FIG. 2), the molten filament (30a) is discharged from the nozzle 21 to form the modeling part next to the arrow Y1 direction of the previously formed modeling part. To start. The three-dimensional modeling apparatus 1 that has formed this modeling part up to the end in the direction of the arrow X2 moves the nozzle 21 in the direction of the arrow Y1, and then moves the nozzle 21 from the nozzle 21 to the arrow X1 while the molten filament ( 30a) is discharged to start the formation of the next shaped part. Basically, such a basic operation is repeated, but an operation different from the basic operation may be performed. This operation will be described later.

  FIG. 7 is an enlarged perspective view illustrating a part of each layer of a conventional three-dimensional structure. In the lowest layer of this three-dimensional structure, a plurality of modeling parts 501 extending in the X-axis direction are arranged without gaps in the Y-axis direction to form a flat part that is a part of the layer structure. Each modeling unit 501 is formed in the order of a first modeling unit 501a, a second modeling unit 501b adjacent to the first modeling unit 501a, and a third modeling unit 501c adjacent to the second modeling unit 501b. On the upper surface of the first modeling unit 501a, an end portion on the side of the second modeling unit 501b is covered with a portion like a heel hanging from the second modeling unit 501b. This is a thing that hangs down on the upper surface of the first modeling part 501a by gravity before the molten filament (30a) constituting the second modeling part 501b is solidified.

  On the upper surface of the second modeled part 501b, the end part on the side of the third modeled part 501c covers a part like a heel hanging from the third modeled part 501c. This is a thing that hangs down on the upper surface of the second modeling part 501b by gravity before the molten filament (30a) constituting the third modeling part 501c is solidified. As described above, in the lowermost layer m1, an end portion on the upper surface of the previously formed modeling portion 501 is covered with a portion like a heel hanging from the modeling portion 501 formed later. Although the lowermost layer m1 has been described, in other layers as well, a portion like a heel hanging from the modeling unit 501 formed later (hereinafter, “ It ’s covered by a buttock.

  On the first modeling part 501a in the lowermost layer m1, the first modeling part 501a in the second layer m2 is formed. Both are fixed with a certain level of fixing force, but since they are solidified at different timings, the fixing force is relatively weak. For this reason, although some durability is exhibited with respect to the external force in the plane direction of the X-axis and the Y-axis, it is fragile with respect to the external force in the Z-axis direction (layer thickness direction).

  Further, between the first modeling part 501a in the lowermost layer m1 and the first modeling part 501a in the second layer m2, the “ridge” of the second modeling part 501b in the lowermost layer m1 is interposed. . A gap 502 as shown in the figure is easily formed around the “buttock”. When an external force in the Z direction is applied, the gap 502 becomes the peeling base point, and the interface peels in order from a position close to the gap 502 to a position far from the gap 502. Specifically, the first modeling part 501a in the second layer m2 and the upper surface of the first modeling part 501a in the lowermost layer m1, the first modeling part 501a in the second layer m2, and the lowermost layer Separation of the second modeling portion 501b from the upper surface of the “ridge” at m1 occurs. Although the peeling failure of the first modeling part 501a has been described, the peeling failure is easily caused by the external force in the Z-axis direction for the second, third,.

  As one of the measures for suppressing the occurrence of such peeling failure, it is conceivable to increase the heating temperature of the filament (30) or to increase the ambient temperature of the nozzle 21. However, as the temperature increases, it is difficult to reduce the viscosity of the molten filament (30a) and maintain the modeling part 501 before solidification in a desired shape, thereby reducing modeling accuracy.

  Further, the temperature of the former modeling unit 501 is increased from the formation of the lower modeling unit 501 to the upper modeling unit 501 over the modeling unit after increasing the modeling speed without increasing the temperature. There are also measures to reduce the amount of decrease. However, since the time required to overlap the ascending modeling part 501 depends on the size of the three-dimensional modeled object, the temperature difference between the upper and lower modeled parts 501 is inevitably increased in a large three-dimensional modeled object. Further, the viscoelasticity of the molten filament (30a) decreases in proportion to the modeling speed. In general, increasing the modeling speed increases the shear stress of the molten filament (30a) and increases the anisotropy of the resin orientation, which weakens the strength of the resin.

  Next, a characteristic configuration of the 3D modeling apparatus 1 and the 3D modeled object according to the embodiment will be described. FIG. 8 is an enlarged perspective view showing a part of each layer of the three-dimensional structure 600 according to the embodiment. Each layer of the three-dimensional structure 600 also has a plurality of structure parts arranged in the short direction (Y-axis direction). However, the arrangement of the modeling parts and the shape of the modeling part are different between the upper layer and the lower layer.

  The lowermost layer m1 includes a plurality of elongated first modeling parts 601 (601a, b, c...) Having a rectangular cross section, but the first modeling parts 601 are short-side directions (Y-axis direction). ). However, the first modeling parts 601 adjacent to each other are not in contact with each other and are adjacent to each other through the gap 605. Thus, the lowermost layer m1 is a first modeling layer formed by arranging a plurality of first modeling parts 601 that are modeling parts in the lateral direction with the gap 605 therebetween. The third layer m3 and the fifth layer m5 are the same first modeling layer.

  The second layer m2 that directly overlaps the lowermost layer m1 is sandwiched between the lowermost layer m1 that is the first modeling layer and the third layer m3 that is the first modeling layer. The elongated second modeling portion 602 (602a, 602b...) That is the modeling portion constituting the third layer m3 straddles the gap 605 of the lowermost layer m1 and the gap 605 of the third layer m3. And it has a shape in which a part of itself protrudes (enters) into each of the gap 605 of the lowermost layer m1 and the gap 605 of the third layer m3, which is straddling itself.

  The first second modeling unit 602a and the second second modeling unit 602b are in contact with each other in the vicinity of the center of the second first modeling unit 601b above and below the second modeling unit 601b. Although not shown in the figure, the second second modeling portion 602b is located near the center in the short direction of the third first modeling portion 601c above and below the second second modeling portion 602b. Is also in contact. That is, the 2nd modeling part 602 is contacting each of the 2nd modeling part 602 of both adjacent in a transversal direction. Thus, the second layer m2 is a second modeling layer in which a plurality of second modeling parts 602 are arranged side by side in the short direction. The fourth layer m4 is also a second modeling layer similar to the second layer m2.

  In the three-dimensional structure 600, the odd-numbered layers (m1, m3, m5...) Are the first modeling layers, while the even-numbered layers (m2, m4...) Are the second modeling layers. . That is, the first modeling layer and the second modeling layer are alternately stacked. Each of the second modeling portions 602 in the two second modeling layers (for example, m2 and m4) that overlap each other via the first modeling layer (for example, m3) passes through the gap 605 of the first modeling layer (for example, m3) between them. Connected (contacted) to each other. In addition, instead of connecting the upper and lower second modeling portions 602 to each other in the gap 605 of the first modeling layer existing between them, only one of the upper and lower protrusions of the second modeling portion 602 is connected. May be connected within the gap 605, and the other may be connected outside the gap 605.

  Unlike the first modeling unit 601, the second modeling unit 602 has a length in the Y-axis direction that is longer than the first modeling unit 601 because the gap 605 is not formed.

  The inventors actually created the three-dimensional structure 600 (FIG. 8) according to the embodiment and the conventional three-dimensional structure shown in FIG. 7, and each of them has durability against external forces in the Z-axis direction. An experiment was conducted to investigate. Hereinafter, what was created as the three-dimensional structure 600 according to the embodiment is referred to as an implementation experiment example. Moreover, what was created as a conventional three-dimensional structure is referred to as a comparative experimental example.

  The working experimental example and the comparative experimental example have the same size and shape. As the shape, a dumbbell shape as shown in FIG. 9 was adopted. If the dumbbell shape is finished in the process of modeling, the stacking trace remains in the constricted portion of the dumbbell shape, and stress concentrates on that portion, so first of all, the rectangular box-shaped tertiary as shown in FIG. The original model was modeled. Then, all of the six surfaces were milled by cutting the three-dimensional structure, and the constricted portion of the dumbbell shape was cut.

  As an implementation experiment example, a first implementation experiment example using an ABS resin as a modeling material, a second implementation experiment example, a third implementation experiment example using a PLA resin as a modeling material, and a fourth implementation experiment example. Created. Moreover, as a comparative experimental example, a first comparative experimental example using an ABS resin as a modeling material and a second comparative experimental example using a PLA resin as a modeling material were created. And about each of those implementation experiment examples and comparative experiment examples, the breaking strength [MPa] of the layer thickness direction (Z-axis direction) was measured. For the measurement, Autograph AGS-5kNX (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) was used.

-1st comparative experiment example About the 1st comparative experiment example using the filament (30) which consists of ABS resin as a modeling material, it created as follows. As the filament (30), a rod-shaped one made of ABS resin and having a diameter = 1.75 [mm] was used. As the extruder 25, two rollers made of SUS304 having a diameter of 12 [mm] were used side by side. The nozzle 21 is made of brass and has a tip opening diameter of 0.4 [mm]. The filament passage in the modeling head 20 is 2.5 mm in diameter. The diameter of the transfer path 26 in the heating block 22 is also 2.5 [mm].

  As the cooling block 24, a product made of SUS304 and having a water conduit inside is used, and the water conduit is connected to a cold water circulation device. The temperature setting of the cold water circulation device was set to 10 [° C.]. Further, the heating block 22 having the same configuration as the cooling block 24 was used, and the water conduit was connected to the fluid circulation device. A card ridge heater was disposed in the water conduit of the heating block 22, and power supply to the cartridge heater was controlled on and off based on the detection result of the thermocouple 22b. The preset temperature of the cartridge heater was 240 [° C.].

  The shape of modeling was a rectangular parallelepiped having a height of 40 [mm], a width of 17 [mm], and a depth of 5 [mm], and the scanning speed of the nozzle 21 during modeling was 10 [mm / sec]. The set temperature of the mounting table 7 was 130 [° C.]. The layer thickness in the Z-axis direction that directly affects the resolution in the stacking direction of the three-dimensional structure is set to 0.20 [mm]. As a layer structure, the conventional layer structure shown in FIG. 7 was adopted.

  A square box-shaped three-dimensional modeled object was milled on all six surfaces by cutting, and the dumbbell-shaped constricted part was cut to obtain a first comparative experimental example.

First Experiment Example A first example experiment was created in the same procedure as the first comparative example except that the layer structure of the embodiment shown in FIG. 8 was adopted as the layer structure. The gap 605 of the first modeling layer was set to 0.10 [mm]. In addition, when forming the 2nd modeling part 602 of a 2nd modeling layer, compared with the time of forming the 1st modeling part 601 of a 1st modeling layer, the discharge amount per unit time of a melt filament (30a) is 1. 5 times. Accordingly, the second modeling unit 602 having a unit volume larger than that of the first modeling unit 601 can be modeled while moving the nozzle 21 at the same scanning speed (10 mm / sec).

-2nd Example of Experiment The second example of experiment was created in the same procedure as the first example of experiment except the following points. That is, the gap 605 of the first modeling layer was set to 0.12 [mm]. Moreover, when forming the 2nd modeling part 602 of a 2nd modeling layer, compared with the time of forming the 1st modeling part 601 of a 1st modeling layer, the discharge amount per unit time of a molten filament (30a) is 1. 7 times.

The experimental results in the first comparative experiment example, the first implementation experiment example, and the second implementation experiment example are shown in Table 1 below.

  As shown in Table 1, in the first implementation experiment example and the second implementation experiment example that are three-dimensional structures according to the embodiment, compared to the first comparative experiment example that is a three-dimensional structure with a conventional layer structure. The breaking strength in the Z-axis direction (stacking direction) can be increased by a factor of two or more.

Second Comparative Experimental Example A second comparative experimental example using a filament (30) made of PLA resin as a modeling material was created as follows. As the filament (30), a rod-shaped one having a diameter = 1.75 [mm] was used. As the extruder 25, two rollers made of SUS304 having a diameter of 12 [mm] were used side by side. The nozzle 21 is made of brass and has a tip opening diameter of 0.4 [mm]. The filament passage in the modeling head 20 is 2.5 mm in diameter. The diameter of the transfer path 26 in the heating block 22 is also 2.5 [mm].

  As the cooling block 24, a product made of SUS304 and having a water conduit inside is used, and the water conduit is connected to a cold water circulation device. The temperature setting of the cold water circulation device was set to 10 [° C.]. Further, the heating block 22 having the same configuration as the cooling block 24 was used, and the water conduit was connected to the fluid circulation device. A card ridge heater was disposed in the water conduit of the heating block 22, and power supply to the cartridge heater was controlled on and off based on the detection result of the thermocouple 22b. The set temperature of the cartridge heater was 210 [° C.].

  The shape of modeling was a rectangular parallelepiped having a height of 40 [mm], a width of 17 [mm], and a depth of 5 [mm], and the scanning speed of the nozzle 21 during modeling was 10 [mm / sec]. The set temperature of the mounting table 7 was 100 [° C.]. The layer thickness in the Z-axis direction that directly affects the resolution in the stacking direction of the three-dimensional structure is set to 0.20 [mm]. As a layer structure, the conventional layer structure shown in FIG. 7 was adopted.

  The square box-shaped three-dimensional modeled object was milled on all six surfaces by cutting, and the dumbbell-shaped constricted part was cut to obtain a second comparative experimental example.

Third Experimental Example A third experimental example was created in the same procedure as the second comparative experimental example, except that the layer structure of the embodiment shown in FIG. 8 was adopted as the layer structure. The gap 605 of the first modeling layer was set to 0.10 [mm]. In addition, when forming the 2nd modeling part 602 of a 2nd modeling layer, compared with the time of forming the 1st modeling part 601 of a 1st modeling layer, the discharge amount per unit time of a melt filament (30a) is 1. 5 times.

-4th Example of Experiment The fourth example of experiment was created in the same procedure as the third example of experiment except the following points. That is, the gap 605 of the first modeling layer was set to 0.12 [mm]. Moreover, when forming the 2nd modeling part 602 of a 2nd modeling layer, compared with the time of forming the 1st modeling part 601 of a 1st modeling layer, the discharge amount per unit time of a molten filament (30a) is 1. 7 times.

Table 2 shows the experimental results in the second comparative experimental example, the third experimental example, and the fourth experimental example.

  As shown in Table 2, in the third embodiment experimental example and the fourth embodiment experimental example which are three-dimensional structures according to the embodiment, compared to the second comparative experiment example which is a three-dimensional structure with a conventional layer structure. The breaking strength in the Z-axis direction (stacking direction) can be increased by 1.4 times or more.

  The only physical difference between the first comparative experimental example shown in Table 1 and the second comparative experimental example shown in Table 2 is the difference in modeling material. In addition, the first embodiment experimental example shown in Table 1 and the third embodiment experimental example shown in Table 2 are also physically different only in the difference in modeling material. In addition, the second embodiment experimental example shown in Table 1 and the fourth embodiment experimental example shown in Table 2 are also physically different only in the difference in modeling material. From these facts, if the three-dimensional structure is composed of the same modeling material and has the same size and the same dimensions, the three-dimensional structure 600 according to the embodiment is more Z than the conventional layer structure. It can be seen that the durability against the external force in the axial direction can be greatly improved.

  The reason why the durability against the external force in the Z-axis direction of the three-dimensional structure according to the embodiment can be increased as compared with the conventional three-dimensional structure is as follows. That is, in the conventional three-dimensional structure, the interface between the upper layer and the lower layer that directly overlap each other in the stacking direction is only the XY plane. When an external force in the Z-axis direction is applied, the interface composed of the XY plane is likely to cause peeling with the gap 502 shown in FIG. 7 as a base point. On the other hand, in the three-dimensional structure 600 according to the embodiment, as the interface between the upper layer and the lower layer, an interface along the Z-axis direction is formed in addition to the interface along the XY plane. The latter interface is an interface between the side surface of the first modeling portion 601 of the first modeling layer forming the gap 605 and the side surface of the protruding portion in the second modeling portion 602 of the second modeling layer. 605 is formed. When the second modeling portion 602 is formed, the discharge speed of the molten filament (30a) is faster than when the first modeling portion 601 is formed, and the molten filament solidifies quickly after discharge. For this reason, the pressure of the protrusion in the gap 605 of the second modeling part 602 becomes higher than that of the first modeling part 601 and plays a role like a rivet. That is, the projecting portion is firmly fitted in the gap. This fitting is considered to increase the durability (breaking strength) in the Z-axis direction.

  FIG. 11 shows a three-dimensional structure 600 (before cutting) formed by the three-dimensional structure forming apparatus 1 according to the embodiment and an XY plane in the nozzle 21 of the three-dimensional structure forming apparatus 1 when forming this. Is a schematic diagram showing a movement trajectory (also referred to as a modeling trajectory, hereinafter: the trajectory is referred to as a tool path). A tool path for forming the first modeling layer when modeling a rectangular parallelepiped three-dimensional model 600 having the same cross-section in the Y-axis direction regardless of the position in the Y-axis direction. As described above, the same one can be used regardless of the position of the first modeling layer in the Z-axis direction. Also, the same tool path for forming the second modeling layer can be used regardless of the position of the second modeling layer in the Z-axis direction. By alternately adopting the former tool path and the latter tool path, the first modeling layer and the second modeling layer can be alternately stacked.

  In the case of forming either the first modeling layer or the second modeling layer, immediately after the modeling is started, the first modeling portion (601) is made while making the nozzle 21 make a round along the outer edge of the layer plane as illustrated. Or the 2nd modeling part (602) is formed. The operation of the nozzle 21 at this time (hereinafter referred to as the layer shaping initial operation) is different from the basic operation described above. When the layer modeling initial operation is finished, a plurality of first modeling parts (601) or second modeling parts (602) are modeled while moving the nozzle 21 by the basic operation described above inside the outer edge of the layer plane. Go.

  In the same figure, in the figure which shows the tool path when forming a 1st modeling layer, the rule path when forming a 2nd modeling layer is shown with the dotted line. As shown in the drawing, the trajectory of the nozzle 21 (the portion extending in the X-axis direction among the dotted lines in the figure) when forming the second modeling portion (602) of the second modeling layer is the first in the Y-axis direction. It does not overlap with the trajectory of the nozzle 21 when forming the first modeling part (601) of one modeling layer. Specifically, the former locus is located at the center of the interval in the Y-axis direction in the latter locus. This means that when the second modeling portion (602) is formed, the nozzle 21 is moved in the Y-axis direction at the center position in the Y-axis direction of the gap 605 in the first modeling layer therebelow.

  As for the tool path data for forming the first modeling layer, the three-dimensional modeling apparatus 1 has a plurality of X-axis directions so as to realize the tool path for forming the first modeling layer in FIG. The pitch in the Y-axis direction on the locus is set. In addition, regarding tool path data for forming the second modeling layer, a plurality of X-axis directions are provided so as to realize a tool path for moving the nozzle 21 in the Y-axis direction at the center position in the Y-axis direction as described above. The pitch in the Y-axis direction in the locus is set. By alternately performing the former tool path and the latter tool path, the first modeling layer and the second modeling layer can be alternately stacked.

  Moreover, when the 3D modeling apparatus 1 forms the second modeling layer, when the second modeling layer (602) is formed by moving the nozzle 21 along the X-axis direction, the first modeling layer 1 is formed. Compared with the case where the modeling part (601) is formed, the discharge amount per unit area from the nozzle 21 is increased. Unlike the three-dimensional modeling apparatus 1, in the apparatus having the same discharge amount, the filling amount of the molten filament (30 a) in the gap 605 between the upper and lower first modeling layers is insufficient, and the pressure of the filament in the gap 605 is reduced. Or a large gap is formed in the gap 605. As a result, it becomes difficult to improve the durability in the Z-axis direction, or the modeling accuracy is lowered.

  For example, the length of the gap 605 in the first modeling layer in the Y-axis direction is 0.10 [mm], and the cross section of the first modeling part is 0.40 mm (width) × 0.20 mm (height). Suppose there was. In this case, the three-dimensional modeling apparatus 1 uses the discharge amount per unit time of the molten filament (30a) when forming the second modeling portion (602) as the discharge amount when forming the first modeling portion (601). About 1.5 times.

  The input operation unit including the touch panel or the like of the three-dimensional modeling apparatus 1 has a thickness in the Y-axis direction of the first modeling unit (601) constituting the first modeling layer and a length in the Y-axis direction of the gap 605 by the operator. It is possible to input the layer thickness. The three-dimensional modeling apparatus 1 sets various control parameters when forming the second modeling layer based on the input information. The thickness of the second modeling layer is the same as the input thickness of the first modeling layer. The pitch in the Y-axis direction in the locus in the X-axis direction when forming the second modeling portion (602) is the same as the center pitch in the Y-axis direction of the gap 605 of the first modeling layer. Further, from the thickness of the first modeling layer and the length of the gap 605, the void ratio a [%], which is the ratio of the area of the gap 605 to the entire cross-sectional area of the first modeling layer, is obtained. And about the discharge amount per unit time (2nd modeling discharge amount) when forming the 2nd modeling part (602) of a 2nd modeling layer, when forming the 1st modeling part (601) of a 1st modeling layer A multiple of the discharge amount per unit time (first modeling discharge amount) is obtained as follows. “Multiple = 1 + (a / 100)”. Then, the 2nd modeling discharge amount when forming a 2nd modeling part (602) is set to the value according to the multiple.

  Note that increasing the second modeling discharge amount more than the first modeling discharge amount is advantageous for increasing the pressure of the filament in the gap 605 and increasing the breaking strength in the Z-axis direction. , Will deteriorate the modeling accuracy. For this reason, it is desirable to set to an appropriate value according to machine characteristics and each dimension of each layer.

  Moreover, although the three-dimensional structure 600 formed by the hot melt lamination method (FDM) has been described, the solidification is performed while discharging the pre-solidified modeling material while applying a certain amount of pressure to the gap between the first modeling layers. If it is, it is not restricted to the hot melt lamination method.

What was demonstrated above is an example, and there exists an effect peculiar for every following aspect.
[First aspect]
The first aspect is a three-dimensional structure (for example, three-dimensional structure 600) obtained by laminating a plurality of modeling layers having a plurality of modeling parts made of modeling material, and the first modeling part (for example, the first modeling part 601) as the modeling part. Are sandwiched between two first modeling layers, and the gap between one of the first modeling layers and the other of the two first modeling layers. The second modeling portion (for example, the second modeling portion 602) that is the modeling portion having a shape that straddles the gap of the first modeling layer and protrudes into at least one of the gaps of the two first modeling layers. And a second modeling layer having a plurality of layers) alternately stacked.

  In the first aspect, as can be seen from the results of the above-described experiment conducted by the present inventors, the durability against external force in the thickness direction of the modeling layer can be improved as compared with the conventional three-dimensional structure.

[Second embodiment]
The second aspect is characterized in that, in the first aspect, the second modeling parts in the two second modeling layers that overlap each other via the first modeling layer are connected through the gap. is there. In such a configuration, durability against an external force in the layer thickness direction can be further improved by connecting the two second modeling portions via the gap.

[Third aspect]
A third aspect is the second aspect, in which the first sandwiched between the two first modeling layers with respect to the gap in each of the two first modeling layers overlapping each other via the second modeling layer. It is characterized by projecting the two modeling parts. In such a configuration, compared to the case where the second modeling portion is protruded only in one of the gaps of the two first modeling layers that overlap each other via the second modeling layer, the gap between the second modeling portions is reduced. It is possible to improve the resistance against external force in the layer thickness direction due to the protrusions.

[Fourth aspect]
The fourth aspect is the second aspect or the third aspect, in which the first modeling parts of the two first modeling layers that overlap each other via the second modeling layer are stacked in the layer thickness direction, while the two The gaps of the first modeling layer are overlapped with each other in the layer thickness direction. In such a configuration, each of the first modeling portions of the plurality of first modeling layers is positioned at the same coordinate of the layer plane, and each of the second modeling portions of the plurality of second modeling layers is positioned at the same coordinate of the layer plane. . Thereby, the plane movement trajectory of the discharge means when forming the first modeling layer is unified in all the first modeling layers, and the plane movement trajectory of the discharge means when forming the second modeling layer is all the second The control process during modeling can be simplified by unifying the modeling layers.

[Fifth Aspect]
A fifth aspect is characterized in that, in the first aspect, the second aspect, the third aspect, or the fourth aspect, the cross-sectional area of the second modeling portion is larger than the cross-sectional area of the first modeling portion. Is. In such a configuration, the number of second modeling parts that do not form a gap can be made the same as the number of first modeling parts that form a gap.

[Sixth aspect]
In the sixth aspect, three-dimensional modeling is performed by laminating a plurality of layers formed by arranging a plurality of modeling portions in the short direction by a thermoplastic modeling material (for example, molten filament 30a) discharged from a discharging means (for example, the modeling head 20). In a three-dimensional modeling apparatus (for example, three-dimensional modeling apparatus 1) that models an object, the first aspect, the second aspect, the third aspect, the fourth aspect, or the first aspect is used as a three-dimensional structure (for example, three-dimensional structure 600). It is characterized by modeling five aspects.

[Seventh aspect]
A 7th aspect is a 6th aspect, Comprising: When forming the said 2nd modeling part of the said 2nd modeling layer, compared with the time of forming the said 1st modeling part of the said 1st modeling layer, modeling material The discharge amount from the discharge means per unit time is increased. In such a configuration, it is possible to suppress a decrease in durability with respect to an external force in the layer thickness direction due to insufficient pressure at the protruding portion into the gap of the second modeling portion.

1: Three-dimensional modeling apparatus 20: Modeling head (discharge means)
30: Filament (modeling material)
30a: Melted filament (modeling material)
600: Three-dimensional structure 601: First modeling part 602: Second modeling part 605: Gap

JP-A-2006-135597

Claims (7)

In the three-dimensional modeled object in which a plurality of modeling layers having a plurality of modeling parts made of modeling material are stacked
A first modeling layer in which a plurality of first modeling parts as the modeling part are arranged with a gap therebetween, and
Sandwiched between two of the first modeling layers, straddling the gap of one of the first modeling layers and the gap of the other first modeling layer of the two, and the two first modeling layers A three-dimensional structure formed by alternately laminating a second modeling layer having a plurality of second modeling parts as the modeling part protruding into at least one of the layers in the gap. In the three-dimensional structure according to claim 1,
A three-dimensional structure formed by connecting the second modeling portions of the two second modeling layers that overlap each other via the first modeling layer through the gap. In the three-dimensional structure according to claim 2,
The second modeling portion that is sandwiched between the two first modeling layers protrudes into the gap in each of the two first modeling layers that overlap each other via the second modeling layer. A three-dimensional model. In the three-dimensional structure according to claim 2 or 3,
While the first modeling portions of the two first modeling layers that overlap each other via the second modeling layer are stacked in the layer thickness direction, the gaps of the two first modeling layers are stacked in the layer thickness direction. A three-dimensional structure characterized by that. In the three-dimensional structure according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4,
A three-dimensional structure characterized in that the cross-sectional area of the second modeling part is larger than the cross-sectional area of the first modeling part. In the three-dimensional modeling apparatus that models a three-dimensional model by laminating a plurality of layers formed by arranging a plurality of modeling parts in the short direction by the thermoplastic modeling material discharged from the discharge means,
A three-dimensional modeling apparatus that models the three-dimensional model according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 as a three-dimensional model. The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to claim 6,
When forming the second modeling part of the second modeling layer, compared to when forming the first modeling part of the first modeling layer, the discharge amount from the discharge means per unit time of the modeling material 3D modeling device characterized by increasing

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