JP6509780B2 - Hoist - Google Patents

Description

  BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a winding machine which is supported by a bracket and winds a wire on a drum rotating in forward and reverse directions and lifts a suspended load suspended on the wire.

  In the hoisting machine, a double brake is provided to the electric motor for rotating the drum forward and reverse, and a mechanical brake is provided to the reduction gear connecting the drum and the electric motor so that the load does not fall carelessly. However, when the connection between the drum and the electric motor or the reduction gear is broken, the drum is pulled by the load which is about to fall freely and the wire is drawn out. Therefore, in the case of an abnormal situation (for example, breakage of the shaft of the motor or the reduction gear, etc.) in which the connection between the drum and the motor or the reduction gear is broken, the winding machine has a mechanism for preventing inadvertent dropping of suspended load. It is proposed (patent document 1).

  In Patent Document 1, a lever extending radially outward is pivotally mounted on the side surface of a drum (a rotating body), and while the lever is urged in the axial center direction of the drum, the lever is subjected to centrifugal force when the drum rotates at high speed. And the reinforcing block with which the rear surface of the convex portion provided at the tip of the lever rotated in the radial outward direction abuts against the side surface of the drum and the collision block with which the front surface of the convex portion collides Discloses a hoist (lifting device) in which the reinforcing block and the collision block do not interfere with each other in the axial direction on a member facing the side surface of the drum (Patent Document 1). ).

  In the winding machine disclosed in Patent Document 1, when the suspended load (lifting body) falls carelessly and the drum rotates at high speed, the distal end of the lever rotates radially outward by centrifugal force, and the rear surface of the convex portion Is in contact with and supported by the reinforcing block, and when the drum rotates as it is, the front face of the convex portion collides with the collision block to stop the rotation of the drum, thereby preventing the hanging load from falling. The kinetic energy of the drum is a shearing force applied to the convex portion from the reinforcing block and the collision block, and no bending moment acts on the lever (Patent Document 1 [0008]).

JP 2004-331320 A

  The winding machine disclosed in Patent Document 1 stops the rotation of the drum when the convex portion of the lever that is pivoted outward by centrifugal force is pinched between the reinforcing block and the collision block in an abnormal situation. Since the projection of the lever collides with the collision block, the drum is considered to stop instantaneously, and an impact is applied to the suspended load which has started to be lowered from the occurrence of the abnormal situation. The impact can cause the wire to break if the load is heavy. In addition, there is a possibility that the impact may damage the suspended load if the suspended load is easily damaged. From now on, even if the drum is stopped in the event of an abnormal situation, it is desirable to make the impact not be transmitted to the suspended load or the wire as much as possible.

  Further, in the winding machine disclosed in Patent Document 1, in order to stop the drum in an abnormal situation, it is necessary to apply a centrifugal force to turn the lever outward. However, the normal lever should normally be urged in the axial direction of the drum so as not to contact the reinforcing block and the collision block. From this, it is difficult to balance the centrifugal force to turn outward with respect to the lever and the biasing force to turn inward, so that the lever turns outward to reliably stop the drum in the event of an abnormal situation Worries or concerns remain.

  In order to avoid damage to the load due to falling in the event of an abnormal situation, the drum must have an emergency stop means. However, the winding machine disclosed in Patent Document 1 has a problem that an impact is given to a wire or a suspended load when the drum is stopped, and an unreliable problem that the operation of a lever which balances by a subtle force relationship is uncertain. Therefore, in a winding machine supported by a bracket to wind a wire on a drum rotating in forward and reverse directions and lifting a suspended load suspended on the wire, the drum given a shock to the wire and suspended load can be operated reliably. We considered to constitute emergency stop means of

As a result of the examination, in the winding machine supported by the bracket to wind the wire on the drum rotating in forward and reverse directions and lifting the suspended load suspended on the wire, the rotation monitoring means and the rotation stopping means of the drum; The rotation monitoring means and the control means of the rotation stopping means are provided, and the rotation stopping means is coaxial with the drum and faces in the radial direction of the locking peripheral surface that rotates in conjunction with the drum and the locking peripheral surface A lock opposing surface provided on the bracket, and a wedge block rotatably supported by the bracket between the lock circumferential surface and the lock opposing surface, the control means comprising: When it is determined that the rotation variable of the drum calculated based on the electric signal received from the means exceeds the rotation threshold, the wedge block is inserted between the peripheral surface for locking and the opposing surface for locking Was a hoisting machine which is characterized in that so as to caught a wedge block on the peripheral surface for locking.

  The wedge block is a member having two sharp sides sandwiching the two side faces in a substantially triangular shape in a front view, and the narrowest width is narrower than the distance between the locking peripheral surface and the locking opposing surface and gradually wider than the distance. Between the locking circumferential surface and the locking opposing surface means a gap in a portion where the locking circumferential surface and the locking opposing surface are closest to each other in the radial direction of the locking circumferential surface. As long as the rotation monitoring means is configured to transmit an electric signal to the control means according to the rotation of the drum, various configurations known in the prior art can be used, but from the viewpoint of monitoring the rotation of the drum separately from the reduction gear or motor For example, the rotation monitoring means includes a plurality of dogs disposed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the drum and rotating in conjunction with the drum, and a rotation sensor provided on the bracket at a position where passage of the dog can be detected. It can be mentioned.

  The hoist according to the present invention does not brake the drum in an abnormal situation, but prevents the drum itself from rotating to prevent the hanging load from falling. The rotation monitoring means transmits an electrical signal corresponding to the rotation of the drum to the control means. In the case of the rotation monitoring means composed of a plurality of dogs and a rotation sensor, the rotation sensor transmits an electric signal (pulse signal) to the control means every time the rotation sensor detects a dog passing therethrough according to the rotation of the drum. The dog may be a physical convex or concave, or a mark that can be detected by the rotation sensor. The rotation sensor can use an optical sensor or a proximity sensor.

The control means calculates a rotation variable representing the rotation state of the drum based on the electric signal received from the rotation sensor, and when the rotation variable exceeds the rotation threshold, the lock block is locked from the sharp tip with the lock circumferential surface and the lock is inserted between the use facing surface, by by pressing the side surfaces of the wedge blocks on the peripheral surface for locking, biting that by the friction or engagement between the side of the locking peripheral surface and the wedge block, the rotation of the drum Stop it. The control means may be configured exclusively for the present invention, or may be used as the drive control means of the hoisting machine. The rotation variable is, for example, the reception interval time of the electric signal. The reception interval time becomes shorter as the rotation of the drum becomes faster. The rotation threshold is the shortest interval time when the rotation variable is the reception interval time. The control means determines that the drum is rotating at high speed due to an abnormal situation if the reception interval time is less than the shortest interval time.

  The peripheral surface of the lock is an outer peripheral surface of a lock ring that rotates coaxially with the drum, and the lock ring is connected to the drum ring that rotates integrally with the drum, and the lock ring and the drum ring are Locking blocks and drum blocks are provided on the same circumference, leaving gaps in the circumferential direction, and an elastic member is interposed in the gaps and the locking blocks and drum blocks are engaged in the rotational direction of the drum. Link. As a result, even if the wedge block is inserted between the peripheral surface for locking and the opposing surface for locking and the locking ring is suddenly stopped, the elastic ring is elastically deformed while the locking ring is rapidly stopped on the drum ring Since the power is transmitted, the drum stops more slowly than the locking ring, and the impact due to the sudden stop of the locking ring is alleviated.

  Since the drum ring rotates integrally with the drum, it may be configured as a part of the drum, not separately from the drum. Drum rings and separate drum rings are convenient when applying the invention to prefabricated hoists. The lock block and the drum block may be arranged on the same circumference and have gaps for interposing the elastic member between the adjacent lock block and the drum block, and the size and the shape are the same and different. It is also good. The elastic member may be a member that is sandwiched between the locking block and the drum block and is elastically deformed at least in the circumferential direction, and can be exemplified by a coil spring or a rubber block that expands and contracts in the circumferential direction.

The wedge block uses a cylinder or an electromagnetic solenoid as an actuator, is directly connected to the rod of the cylinder or the plunger of the electromagnetic solenoid, and is inserted and pulled out between the peripheral surface for locking and the opposing surface for locking by advancing and retracting the rod or plunger. It can be done freely. Here, it is desirable that the weir blocks be arranged in a point-symmetrical positional relationship of even number groups so that loads applied to the drum are generated at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. In this case, the plurality of wedge blocks need to be simultaneously inserted between the corresponding lock circumferential surface and the lock opposite surface. From this point of view, the bracket is provided with a pair of lock facing surfaces in a point-symmetrical relationship, and the wedge block is connected in point symmetry with a seesaw type rocker arm having a pivot center coaxial with the drum. The actuator operated by the operation signal transmitted from the control means is connected, and when the control means determines the high speed rotation of the drum, the actuator is operated and the rocker arm is rocked to lock the pair of wedge blocks on the circumferential surface of the drum And the pair of lock opposing surfaces, and the wedge blocks are engaged with the respective lock circumferential surfaces .

  A seesaw-type rocker arm advances and retracts a pair of wedge blocks connected to a point-symmetrical position in equal and staggered directions. For this reason, as for the group of the circumferential surface for locking and the opposing surface for locking, respective wedge blocks are inserted from an alternate direction in a point-symmetrical relationship. Here, the connecting portion between the rocker arm and the weir block performs an arc movement, for example, one of the rocker arm or the weir block is provided with an elongated hole, and the connecting pin provided on the other is inserted into the elongated hole. The 楔 block can be linearly moved by restricting the advancing and retracting directions of The actuator can be exemplified by a cylinder or an electromagnetic solenoid. A cylinder or an electromagnetic solenoid locks the tube (cylinder) or the main body (electromagnetic solenoid) to a bracket, and shakes the rocker arm by advancing and retracting a rod (cylinder) or a plunger (electromagnetic solenoid) connected to the rocker arm. Move it.

  If a rocker arm connecting a pair of wedge blocks is inserted in the direction in which the wedge block is inserted between the lock circumferential surface and the lock opposing surface, that is, in the direction in which the actuated actuator is swung, It is not preferable that the drum may be suddenly stopped. Therefore, the rocker arm may be configured to be applied with an urging force that resists the direction in which the actuated actuator is pivoted by the urging member provided on the bracket. The biasing member may be, for example, a coil spring or a torsion coil spring that applies a biasing force in a direction opposite to the direction in which the actuated actuator is pivoted. The actuator swings the rocker arm with a force exceeding the biasing force of the biasing member, and inserts the wedge block between the peripheral surface for locking and the opposing surface for locking.

  Further, the rocker arm may be relatively light on one end side from the rocking center and relatively heavy on the other end side to generate a rotational moment that resists the direction in which the actuated actuator is rocked. The rocker arm is relatively light in one end side from the rocking center and relatively heavy in the other end side so that the operated actuator is made to rock so that the other end side is lowered below horizontal. Generate a rotational moment. As a result, it is possible to suppress the rocker arm from inadvertently rocking and inserting the wedge block between the peripheral surface for locking and the opposing surface for locking. The rocker arm having a weight difference at both ends, if used in combination with the above-mentioned biasing member, will inadvertently rock and prevent the wedge block from being inserted between the peripheral surface for locking and the opposing surface for locking It's easy to do.

The hoisting machine according to the present invention does not brake the drum, but prohibits the rotation of the drum itself to stop the drum, so that the falling load can be reliably prevented. This is an effect obtained by inserting the wedge block between the lock circumferential surface and the lock opposing surface and by causing the wedge block to be engaged with the lock circumferential surface . The wedge block may be small as long as the wedge block can be inserted between the locking circumferential surface and the locking opposing surface. The conventional hoisting machine which brakes the drum in an abnormal situation increases the braking force in proportion to the contact area between the braking member and the member to be braked, so the drum must be upsized in order to reliably stop the drum It was not. The hoisting machine of the present invention is excellent in that the drum can be completely stopped with a small weir block, and the effect of the complete stopping of the drum can be obtained while downsizing the apparatus.

  The configuration in which the locking ring and the drum side ring are connected via the elastic member alleviates the impact due to the sudden stop of the locking ring and transmits it to the drum ring and the drum, thereby avoiding damage to the drum etc. It has a function. As a result, the wedge block can be quickly inserted between the circumferential surface for locking and the opposing surface for locking, and the rotation of the drum can be instantaneously stopped, and the rotation sensor detects an abnormal situation of the drum before the drum is detected. You can shorten the time to stop the This has the effect of reducing the amount of descent of the suspended load before the drum stops.

  A pair of wedge blocks connected to the point symmetrical position of the seesaw type rocker arm is simultaneously inserted between the lock circumferential surface and the lock opposite surface, and the drum is stably stopped without biasing the load applied to the drum Let Since the load applied to the drum is not biased, the possibility of damaging the drum is reduced. The biasing member provided on the bracket and the rocker arm having a weight difference at both ends prevent the rocker arm from being inadvertently swung so that the wedge block is not inserted between the lock peripheral surface and the lock opposing surface. , Avoid meaningless drum stops.

It is a side view showing an example of a winding machine to which the present invention is applied. It is the disassembled perspective view which looked at the principal part in the winding machine of this example from the outside. It is the perspective view which looked at the assembling relation of a bracket, a ring for locking, and a ring for drums from the outside. It is the perspective view which looked at the bracket from the inside. It is the front view which looked at the bracket at the time of usual from the outside. It is the rear view which looked at the bracket at the time of usual from the inner side. It is the front view which looked at the bracket of abnormal situation from the outside. It is the rear view which looked at the bracket of abnormal situation from the inside.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The winding machine 1 of the present invention has an appearance similar to that of the conventional type as seen, for example, in FIG. The drum 11 is accommodated in a drum case 111 whose lower portion is opened, and is supported by brackets 4 and 15 provided at both ends of the drum case 111. The drum rotation monitoring means, the rotation stopping means and the control means are disposed on one bracket 4 (left side in FIG. 1) side. The drum 11 is provided with a helical wire groove on the outer peripheral surface, and the wire 12 is wound along the wire groove. The hook block 121 is hung on the hanging wire 12. The other bracket 15 is provided with a motor 14 with the speed reducer 13 interposed therebetween, and the motor 14 is provided with a motor brake 141.

  The drum 11 is stopped by the braking of the motor brake 141 as long as the rotation of the motor 14 is transmitted. In the present invention, the drive transmission system such as the gear and gear shaft of the reduction gear 13, the motor shaft of the motor 14, and the brake shaft of the motor brake 141 is damaged and the braking force of the motor brake 141 is not transmitted to the drum 11. In the case where only the drum 11 rotates at high speed and the wire 12 is fed out, the drum 11 is stopped. The components of the rotation monitoring means, rotation stopping means and control means of the present invention are disposed on the inside and outside of the bracket 4 as seen in FIGS. A bracket cover 48 is placed on the outside of the bracket 4 to protect the rocker arm 42 (see FIG. 2 and others shown later) and the like.

  The rotation monitoring means comprises a plurality of dogs 23 and a rotation sensor 44. The dogs 23 are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on the end face of the locking ring 2 interlocked with the drum 11 and facing the bracket 4. The rotation sensor 44 is provided on the bracket 4 at a position where the passage of the dog 23 can be detected. The lock ring 2 is a metal ring, and the outer peripheral surface thereof is a lock peripheral surface 21. Four lock blocks 22 are radially inwardly directed from the inner peripheral surface at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. The locking block 22 has a substantially trapezoidal shape in a front view substantially extending in the radial direction as a side surface orthogonal to the circumferential direction, and is a protrusion having the same thickness as the locking ring 2 in the rotational axis direction of the drum 11. The locking block 22 brings one of the side surfaces orthogonal to the circumferential direction into contact with the drum block 31 and the other of the side surfaces with the rubber block 32 which is an elastic member.

  The locking ring 2 engages the locking block 22 with the drum block 31 via the rubber block 32 in the rotational direction of the drum 11 for feeding the wire 12 and locks the rotational direction of the drum 11 for winding the wire 12 The drum block 22 is directly engaged with the drum block 31 and rotated in conjunction with the drum ring 3. The drum ring 3 is a metal member in which a ring-shaped portion fitted inside the locking ring 2 and a flange-shaped portion which is applied to and connected to the end surface of the drum 11 are integrally formed. The ring-like portion projects an annular connection hub 35 having an opening of circular cross section, and causes four drum blocks 31 to project radially outward from the outer peripheral surface of the connection hub 35 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. There is.

  Screw through holes and pin through holes are alternately provided in the flange-like portion of the drum ring 3 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. The drum 11 is provided with screw insertion holes and pin fitting holes corresponding to the screw through holes and the pin through holes on the end face. The ring 3 for drum is connected to the drum 11 by the fixing screw 33 which has the flange-like portion disposed on the end face of the drum 11 and is screwed into the screw insertion hole through the screw through hole, and the pin fitting hole through the pin through hole. The drum 11 is engaged with the drum 11 in the rotational direction by means of a connecting pin 34 inserted into the connector. The connection pin 34 accurately specifies the connection relationship between the drum 11 and the drum ring 3 by closely fitting with the pin through hole and the pin fitting hole. The drum ring 3 applies a load in the rotational direction of the drum 11 to the connecting portion with the drum 11 when the drum 11 starts and stops rotating, but a load in the rotational axis direction of the drum 11 to the connecting portion with the drum 11 There is no cost. For this reason, the ring 3 for drums and the drum 11 complete connection of the rotational axis direction of the drum 11 with four fixing screws 33, and add four connection pins 34 to counter the load of the drum 11 in the rotational direction. .

  By inserting the ring-shaped portion of the drum ring 3 into the inner side of the locking ring 2 from the drum 11 side and engaging the locking block 22 and the drum block 31 in the circumferential direction , Interlocking with the rotational direction of the drum 11. The lock ring 2 is a connection ring 24 fitted externally to the ring-shaped portion of the drum ring 3 protruding toward the bracket 4 and is pressed against the drum ring 3 by pressing the inner peripheral edge of the lock block 22 on the bracket 4 side. To prevent the separation of Since no load is applied to the locking ring 2 in the rotational axis direction of the drum, the locking ring 2 can be prevented from being separated from the drum ring 3 simply by pressing the locking block 22 with the connection ring 24. The connection ring 24 also presses the rubber block 32 together to prevent the rubber block 32 from deviating from the gap between the locking block 22 and the drum block 31.

  The locking block 22 and the drum block 31 are arranged on the same circumference, leaving gaps. The lock block 22 and the drum block 31 according to this embodiment contact the side surfaces of the lock block 22 and the drum block 31 in the direction in which the drum 11 winds the wire 12, and the wire 12 is drawn out from the drum 11 The rubber block 32 having a large clearance is held and engaged (see FIG. 3). The lock block 22 and the drum block 31 are immediately engaged to interlock the drum 11 and the lock ring 2 when the drum 11 winds up the wire 12, but when the wire 12 is drawn out from the drum 11, the rubber block 32 The drum 11 and the locking ring 2 are interlocked by delaying the time for compressing the.

The rotation stop means includes a lock circumferential surface 21 of the lock ring 2 that rotates in conjunction with the drum 11, and a lock opposing surface 45 provided on the bracket 4 in the radial direction of the lock circumferential surface 21. The wedge block 5 is supported by the bracket 4 so as to be freely inserted and withdrawn between the lock circumferential surface 21 and the lock opposing surface 45. The lock facing surface 45 in this example is a vertical surface facing the lock circumferential surface 21 of the lock ring 2 and is a pair of side surfaces in a point symmetrical positional relationship among the side surfaces of the recess formed inside the bracket 4 Using The wedge block 5 is inserted from above between the lock circumferential surface 21 and the lock opposing surface 45 on the right side (left side in FIG. 4), and the lock circumferential surface 21 and the left side (right side in FIG. 4) to between the surface 45 to be inserted from below (see the rear掲図6).

  In the wedge block 5, the rotational axis direction of the drum 11 is substantially the same as the width of the lock opposing surface 45, and the width of the tip of the insertion direction is the lock circumferential surface 21 and the lock opposing surface 45 when viewed from the rotational axis direction. And a trapezoidal portion that gradually becomes wider than the gap, and a parallel portion that extends from the trapezoidal portion to the same width. The trapezoidal portion is a vertical surface in which the outer surface slidingly in contact with the lock facing surface 45 is continuous with the outer surface of the parallel portion, and only the inner surface is tapered in the inclined surface. The inner surface of the trapezoidal portion forms a biting tooth 53 in which ridges extending perpendicularly to the insertion direction are arranged. In the wedge block 5 of this example, long guide pin elongated holes 52 extending in the insertion direction are provided in each of the trapezoidal portion and the equal width portion, and the short interlocking pin elongated holes 51 extending in the right and left are trapezoidal portion and equal width portion Provided at the boundary position of

  The upper and lower two guide pin elongated holes 52 respectively penetrate the guide pins 46 fixed to the bracket 4 and restrict the advancing and retracting direction of the wedge block 5 in the vertical direction. The guide pin 46 is a long screw, and a screw head is engaged to prevent deviation of the wedge block 5. An interlocking pin 421 projecting from a rocker arm 42 pivotally attached to the outside of the bracket 4 is inserted into the interlocking pin elongated hole 51, and the wedge block 5 is moved up and down according to the swing of the rocker arm 42. The interlocking pin elongated hole 51 absorbs the horizontal displacement of the interlocking pin 421 that draws an arc track according to the rocking rocker arm 42, and the vertical movement of the interlocking pin 421 is prevented without the wedge block 5 shifting in the horizontal direction. It is possible to move up and down according to the displacement.

  The bracket 4 is a metal member connected to the drum case 111 and rotatably supporting the drum 11. The disk portion connected to the drum case 111 and the deformed rectangular portion covering the bracket cover 48 are integrated. is there. In the outer disk portion, connection screw holes of connection screws for joining the drum case 111 are provided in the peripheral portion. The bracket 4 forms a recess on the inner side facing the drum 11, and is attached to the lock opposing surface 45 which is a vertical surface of the inner peripheral surface surrounding the recess so as to vertically move the wedge block 5, and the bracket cover 48 Outside the cover, a seesaw type rocker arm 42, an electromagnetic solenoid 41 which is an actuator of the rocker arm 42, and a rotation sensor 44 constituting a rotation monitoring means are disposed.

  The wedge block 5 is attached to the bracket 4 so as to be able to move up and down by means of a guide pin 46 having an outer surface thereof aligned with a flat opposing surface 45 for locking and passing through a long hole 52 for a guide pin. The guide pin 46 is a long screw and penetrates the inside of the bracket 4 from the inside of the bracket 4 into the guide pin long hole 52 and protrudes outside the bracket 4 and screwing in a nut on the outside of the bracket 4 Fix with 5 pressed down. The bracket 4 supports the support bearing 47 on a support protrusion 471 which is protruded from the inside toward the rotation center of the drum 11. The support projection 471 penetrates the locking ring 2 and the drum ring 3 and presses the support bearing 47 against the end face of the drum 11 to rotatably support the drum 11.

  The rocker arm 42 is a metal plate including a tapered arm portion 424 whose width decreases toward the end, and a parallel width arm portion 425 having the same width toward the end. The rocker arm 42 is pivotally attached to a swinging shaft 422 coaxially with the drum 11 from the outside of the bracket 4 in the vicinity of the boundary between the tapered arm portion 424 and the parallel width arm portion 425. The tapered arm portion 424 and the parallel width arm portion 425 respectively project the interlocking pins 421 and 421 toward the drum 11 from the same circumference, and pass through a pair of interlocking pin openings 43 provided in the bracket 4 in a point symmetrical relationship. The interlocking pins 421 and 421 are passed through corresponding interlocking pin elongated holes 51 and 51 of the corresponding wedge block 5.

  The rocker arm 42 in this example is attached to the swing shaft 422 of the bracket 4 with the right end side being a tapered arm portion 424 and the left end side being a parallel width arm portion 425 when viewed from the outside of the bracket 4. The electromagnetic solenoid 41, which is an actuator, is fixed to the bracket 4 with the plunger 411 projecting downward from above the parallel width arm portion 425. Although the electromagnetic solenoid 41 may be provided with a dedicated power supply, for example, power supply to the motor 14 may be branched and supplied. The plunger 411 is connected between the interlocking pin 421 of the parallel width arm portion 425 and the swing shaft 422 via the connection rod 412. The electromagnetic solenoid 41 lowers the plunger 411 downward until the hooking protrusion 413 provided on the upper end of the plunger 411 is latched to the main body in the non-operating state, and when activated, the plunger 411 is pulled up and the plunger 411 is connected. The parallel width arm unit 425 is lifted.

  The connecting rod 412 is flexibly connected to each of the plunger 411 and the parallel width arm portion 425, and the displacement between the linearly moving plunger 411 and the arc moving parallel width arm portion 425 can be obtained by the plunger 411 and the parallel width arm portion 425. It absorbs by bending to each. The connecting rod 412 of this example has a configuration in which flanges of sheet metal members bent in a U-shaped cross section are alternately opposed in the circumferential direction, and a coil spring is interposed between opposed bottom portions of both sheet metal members. The flange end of one sheet metal member is axially attached to the plunger 411, and the flange end of the other sheet metal member is connected to the parallel width arm portion 425. The coil spring is compressed as the distance between the connecting portion of the plunger 411 and the connecting rod 412 and the connecting portion of the parallel arm portion 425 and the connecting rod 412 increases, and conversely, the coil spring expands as the distance approaches and restores in each case. Generate

  The rocker arm 42 in this example is in a tilting posture in which the tapered arm portion 424 is above horizontal and the parallel arm 425 is below horizontal in the swing range. For this reason, the rocker arm 42 according to this embodiment resists the rotation direction (clockwise direction) of the rocker arm 42 operated and oscillated by the electromagnetic solenoid 41 due to the difference in weight between the tapered arm portion 424 and the parallel width arm portion 425. A counterclockwise turning moment is given. Further, the rocker arm 42 of the present embodiment spans the torsion coil spring 423 between the tapered arm portion 424 and the bracket 4 and rotates the electromagnetic arm 41 in the rotation direction (clockwise direction) of the rocker arm 42 operated and oscillated. A counter-clockwise biasing force is given. Thus, the rocker arm 42 of this example does not swing inadvertently unless the electromagnetic solenoid 41 operates. In addition, the rotational moment and biasing force acting in the counterclockwise direction also serve to facilitate removal of the wedge block 5 inserted between the locking circumferential surface 21 and the locking opposing surface 45.

  The rotation sensor 44 is provided so as to project inward from the outside of the bracket 4 toward the orbit of the dog 23 provided on the locking ring 2 and passes near the front as the drum 11 rotates. The dog 23 is detected. The rotation sensor 44 in this example is a non-contact type proximity sensor, and the dog 23 passes a pulse signal (electric signal) that starts transmitting when the metal block dog 23 starts to pass and stops when passing is ended. Each time it is sent to the control unit 6. Although the rotation sensor 44 may be provided with a dedicated power supply, for example, power supply to the motor 14 may be branched and supplied.

  The controller 6 is a control unit that sends an operation signal to the electromagnetic solenoid 41 when it is determined from the pulse signal from the rotation sensor 44 that the drum 11 is rotating at high speed. The control unit 6 can use a dedicated control device (such as an interval meter) or a general purpose control device (such as a PLC or a personal computer) or a rotation control device of the drum 11. The control unit 6 is attached to the bracket 4 if it is a dedicated control device, and the power supply to the motor 14 is branched and supplied. Moreover, if the control part 6 is a general purpose control apparatus, it will be installed out of the winding machine 1, and electric power will be supplied from the external commercial power supply. The control unit 6 and the rotation sensor 44 and the electromagnetic solenoid 41 are connected by wire or wirelessly.

  From the signal interval of the pulse signal received from the rotation sensor 44, the control unit 6 calculates the passage interval time tn (see FIG. 5 described later) of the dog 23 passing through the rotation sensor 44 as a rotation variable. The control unit 6 sets in advance a reference interval time ts (see FIG. 5 described later) as a rotation threshold value, and compares the passing interval time tn with the reference interval time ts. In the case of this example, if the passage interval time tn is less than the reference interval time ts, it is determined as a normal situation, and if the passage interval time tn is more than the reference interval time ts, it is determined as an abnormal situation. When the controller 6 determines an abnormal situation, the controller 6 transmits an operation signal to the electromagnetic solenoid 41.

  When monitoring the high speed rotation of the drum 11 as an abnormality of the hoisting machine 1, the rotation sensor 44 detects the rotation of the drum 11 according to the number of dogs 23 detected per unit time while using the combination of the rotation sensor 44 and the dogs 23. It is also conceivable to calculate the number as a rotation variable and compare it with a reference rotation number which is a preset rotation threshold. If the passage interval time tn of the dog 23 passing through the rotation sensor 44 is used as the rotation variable as in the present embodiment, there is an advantage that the abnormal situation can be determined immediately at the stage when the drum 11 starts high speed rotation. Thus, the present invention can minimize the drop of the suspended load until the drum 11 stops.

  The hoist 1 to which the present invention is applied causes the drum 11 to stop urgently as follows. In the winding machine 1 of this example, the drive transmission system such as the gear and gear shaft of the reduction gear 13, the motor shaft of the motor 14, and the brake shaft of the motor brake 141 is damaged, and the braking force of the motor brake 141 is the drum 11. If an abnormal situation occurs, the drum 11 rotates at a high speed according to the weight of the load, and the wire 12 is fed out. Then, when the controller 6 determines the abnormal situation from the rotation variable representing the rotation state of the drum 11, the drum 11 is urgently stopped.

  Even when the drum 11 normally feeds the wire 12, as shown in FIG. 5, the rotation sensor 44 detects the passing dog 23 and transmits a pulse signal to the control unit 6. The control unit 6 calculates the passing interval time tn from the difference between the rising time of the pulse signal received earlier and the rising time of the pulse signal received later. In the drawing, for convenience of explanation, the passage interval time tn is drawn constant. However, for example, since the drum 11 is accelerated and decelerated at the start and the stop of the rotation, the passage interval time tn is not necessarily constant. In any case, as long as the passing interval time tn is less than the preset reference interval time ts, the control unit 6 does not determine that it is an abnormal situation, and therefore does not transmit an operation signal for operating the electromagnetic solenoid 41. Also does not swing.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the left and right wedge blocks 5 follow the interlocking pins 421 of the non-pivotable rocker arm 42 to leave the meshing teeth 53 with a slight gap from the lock circumferential surface 21 of the lock ring 2. It stays in the opposite position. Since the wedge block 5 of this example has the outer side surface in contact with the flat opposite surface 45 for locking, the wedge block 5 is fixed in position without rattling at a position according to the interlocking pin 421 of the rocker arm 42. As described above, when the passing interval time tn is less than the reference interval time ts, the wedge block 5 does not contact the locking ring 2 and the drum 11 interlocked with the locking ring 2 continues to rotate.

  When the drum 11 is rotated at high speed for some reason and starts feeding the wire 12, as shown in FIG. 7, the passage interval time tn of the pulse signal transmitted from the rotation sensor 44 to the control unit 6 is an abnormality with a short time interval. It becomes interval time ta. The control unit 6 always calculates the time interval of the preceding pulse signal. For this reason, even if the passing interval time tn is less than the reference interval time ts at the stage when the drum 11 starts to rotate, the control unit 6 does not have any problem if the passing interval time tn is less than the reference interval time ts. When the drum 11 is rotated at a high speed as described above, an operation signal is transmitted to operate the electromagnetic solenoid 41 and pull up the plunger 411.

  The plunger 411 pulls up the parallel width arm portion 425 via the connection rod 412 and swings the rocker arm 42 clockwise. As a result, the rocker arm 42 raises the left interlocking pin 421 and lowers the right interlocking pin 421, and as seen in FIG. 8, the left (right in FIG. 8) heel block 5 ascends, as shown in FIG. The wedge block 5 on the same right side (left side in FIG. 8) is lowered and inserted between the lock circumferential surface 21 of the corresponding lock ring 2 and the lock opposing surface 45. When the wedge block 5 causes the biting teeth 53 to bite into the locking circumferential surface 21, further raising or lowering is restricted and stops (as seen from the inside of the bracket 4 in FIG. 8, from the outside) The left and right are reversed when viewed.

  The rocker arm 42 can be rocked by engaging the interlocking pin 421 with the interlocking pin elongated hole 51 when the wedge block 5 is capable of moving up and down. However, when the wedge block 5 is inserted between the lock circumferential surface 21 and the lock opposing surface 45 and stopped, the interlocking pin 421 is engaged with the interlocking pin elongated hole 51, so that the rocker arm 42 swings. Limited However, the plunger 411 is pulled up to be in close contact with the internal fixed core. As a result, the connecting rod 412 connecting the plunger 411 and the parallel width arm portion 425 compresses the coil spring contained therein and generates a biasing force for pulling up the parallel width arm portion 425. The biasing force of the coil spring helps maintain the state of the wedge block 5 in which the locking tooth 53 is engaged with the locking circumferential surface 21.

  Once the control unit 6 of this example calculates the abnormal interval time ta which is equal to or longer than the reference interval time ts, the control unit 6 immediately transmits an operation signal of the electromagnetic solenoid 41. In this case, even if the abnormal interval time ta is calculated only once, an operation signal is issued to operate the electromagnetic solenoid 41. However, the malfunction interval time ta may be calculated due to the malfunction of the rotation sensor 44. Therefore, for example, when the abnormal interval time ta equal to or longer than the reference interval time ts is continuously calculated a plurality of times, or when the abnormal interval time ta equal to or longer than the reference interval time ts is calculated a predetermined number of times or more per unit time, An actuation signal may be sent to the solenoid 41.

  The wedge block 5 of this example is deeply inserted between the lock circumferential surface 21 and the lock opposing surface 45 so that the biting teeth 53 are hooked on the lock circumferential surface 21 and drawn into the lock ring 2. Further, by causing the biting teeth 53 to be engaged with the locking circumferential surface 21, the drum 11 is reliably stopped via the locking ring 2. As described above, the wedge block 5 inserted between the lock circumferential surface 21 and the lock opposing surface 45 is added to the biasing force of the coil spring generated in the connecting rod 412, and the biting teeth 53 are circumferentially locked. By biting the surface 21, the insertion position is maintained without applying external force, and the stopped state of the drum 11 is stably maintained.

  Here, it is preferable that the hardness of the wedge block 5 be made higher than that of the material of the peripheral surface 21 of the locking ring 2 at least in the portion of the biting teeth 53. In this case, the biting teeth 53 and the lock circumferential surface 21 are made of metal while providing a hardness difference. For example, a soft resin band or the like is wound around the lock circumferential surface 21 to provide a hardness difference with respect to the biting teeth 53. It is also good. When the hardness difference between the biting teeth 53 and the lock circumferential surface 21 is small, the frictional force of the biting teeth 53 on the lock circumferential surface 21 mainly causes the locking ring 2 to stop, but when the hardness difference becomes large, biting occurs. When the teeth 53 are engaged with the lock circumferential surface 21, it is possible to mainly stop the locking ring 2 for the resistance due to the physical engagement.

  When the wedge block 5 is inserted between the lock circumferential surface 21 and the lock opposing surface 45, the lock ring 2 is stopped, but the lock ring 3 interlocked with the drum 11 is stopped to keep rotating. The drum block 31 is brought close to the locking block 22, and the silicon rubber block 32 is compressed and deformed and then stopped (see FIG. 8). As a result, even if the locking ring 2 is suddenly stopped, the drum ring 3 is stopped with a slight delay, and the impact applied to the suspended load along the wire 12 is reduced. The cushioning function by the rubber block 32 works only when the drum 11 rotates in the direction to feed the wire 12 and when the drum 11 rotates in the direction to wind the wire 12, the locking block 22 and the drum block 31 immediately engage with each other. Therefore, the rotation of the locking ring 2 and the drum ring 3 does not shift.

  The wedge block 5 is inserted between the lock circumferential surface 21 and the lock opposing surface 45, and the stopped drum 11 is released from the stopped state in the following procedure. First, when the wedge block 5 is inserted between the lock circumferential surface 21 and the lock opposing surface 45 and the drum 11 is stopped, in many cases, somewhere in the reduction gear 13 or the motor 14 is damaged. Repair the damaged part. Since the drum 11 can not rotate as long as the wedge block 5 is inserted between the locking circumferential surface 21 and the locking opposing surface 5, the drum 11 can be prevented from rotating inadvertently during the repair operation.

  When the damaged portion of the reduction gear 13 or the motor 14 is repaired, the operation signal transmitted to the electromagnetic solenoid 41 is stopped by the operation of the control unit 6, and the plunger 411 of the electromagnetic solenoid 41 is lowered. The plunger 411 is pulled by the rocker arm 42 swinging counterclockwise in response to a counterclockwise rotational moment or biasing force, and descends according to gravity. The plunger 411 latches the hooking protrusion 413 at the upper end to the main body, and the lowering amount is limited. The rocker arm 42 swings counterclockwise until the lowering of the plunger 411 is limited. When the rocker arm 42 swings, the left interlocking pin 412 is lowered and the right interlocking pin 412 is raised. The hook block 5 engaged with the interlocking pin 412 is lowered (left, for example, right in FIG. 8) or raised (right, for example, left in FIG. 8), and the lock circumferential surface of the locking ring 2 is obtained. 21 and the opposing surface 45 for locking. Thus, the locking ring 2 is freed, and the stopped state of the drum 11 is released.

1 Winder
11 drums
12 wire
13 Reducer
14 Motor 2 Locking Ring
21 Lock surface
22 Locking block
23 dogs
24 connecting rings 3 drum rings
31 Blocks for drums
32 rubber block
33 Fixed screw
34 Connecting pin
35 articulated hub 4 bracket
41 Electromagnetic solenoid
42 rocker arm
43 Opening for interlocking pin
44 Rotation sensor
45 Locking facing surface
46 Guide pin
47 Support bearing 5 楔 block
51 Long hole for interlocking pin
52 Guide pin long hole
53 Biting teeth 6 Control section

Claims (6)

In a hoist supported by a bracket, the wire is wound on a drum rotating in forward and reverse directions, and a lifting load suspended by the wire is lifted,
A rotation monitoring unit and a rotation stopping unit of the drum; and a control unit of the rotation monitoring unit and the rotation stopping unit.
The rotation stopping means includes a lock circumferential surface that rotates coaxially with the drum coaxially with the drum, a lock opposing surface provided on the bracket opposite the radial direction of the lock circumferential surface, and the lock circumferential surface A wedge block supported by the bracket so as to be insertable and extractable between the face and the opposing face for locking,
The control means, when determining that the rotation variable of the drum calculated based on the electric signal received from the rotation monitoring means exceeds the rotation threshold, causes the wedge block to be inserted between the locking circumferential surface and the locking opposing surface A hoisting machine characterized in that the wedge block is engaged with the circumferential surface of the lock . The rotation monitoring means comprises a plurality of dogs which are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the drum and which rotate in conjunction with the drum, and a rotation sensor provided on the bracket at a position where passage of the dogs can be detected. A hoist according to claim 1. The circumferential surface for locking is the outer circumferential surface of the locking ring that rotates coaxially with the drum,
The locking ring is connected to the drum side ring that rotates integrally with the drum,
The lock ring and the drum ring are respectively provided with a lock block and a drum block arranged on the same circumference leaving a gap in the circumferential direction, and an elastic member is interposed in the gap to block the lock in the rotational direction of the drum The hoist according to any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein the drum blocks are connected by engaging them. The bracket is provided in a point symmetrical relationship with a pair of locking facing surfaces,
The wedge block is connected in a point symmetrical position of a seesaw type rocker arm having a swing center coaxial with the drum,
The rocker arm connects an actuator actuated by an actuation signal emitted from the control means,
When the control means determines the high-speed rotation of the drum the actuator is operated, respectively is inserted between the locking peripheral surface of the drum a pair of wedge blocks by pivoting the rocker arm and a pair of locking the opposing surfaces, the wedge The hoist according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein each of the blocks is engaged with each of the lock circumferential surfaces . 5. The hoist according to claim 4, wherein the rocker arm is provided with a biasing force that resists a direction in which the actuated actuator is caused to swing by a biasing member provided on the bracket. The rocker arm is relatively light at one end side from the rocking center and relatively heavy at the other end side to generate a rotational moment that opposes the direction in which the actuated actuator is rocked. Winding machine described.

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