JP6500408B2 - Reservation management system and program - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a reservation management system and program.

  Conventionally, a system is known for a user who wants to use an object such as a parking lot or a meeting room or a mobile object such as a bicycle or a car for a specific period to reserve in advance the use of the object. There is. The user designates a period desired to be used as a reservation period, and if it does not overlap with a reservation period by another user for which a reservation has already been set, the reservation is set in the designated reservation period. When the reservation is set, the provider of the object provides the user with the object according to the set reservation period. By setting the reservation in advance, there is an advantage that the user is more likely to use the target for a desired period, and the provider can efficiently provide the target.

  However, for example, as in the case where the object is a parking lot, if the user can not start use unless the user arrives at the place where the object exists, the user does not arrive at the reservation start time or earlier than the reservation start time Arrival may cause the reservation start time to differ from the actual use start time. If the reservation start time and the actual use start time are different, there may be a situation where a user who has made a reservation can not use the target, or a problem that the provider can not efficiently provide the target.

  Then, the technique which predicts utilization start time is known. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a system for predicting the arrival time of a parking lot user using weather, traffic condition, and the like. In Patent Literatures 2 and 3, a system for acquiring the position of a vehicle for transmitting a parking lot reservation, predicting the estimated arrival time of the vehicle from the position of the vehicle, and setting the reservation for the parking lot based on the estimated arrival time Is disclosed.

Patent No. 4486221 Patent No. 4302541 Patent No. 5015814 gazette

  However, the user may use the target beyond the set reservation end time, and there may be a situation where another user who has made a reservation next can not use the target. On the other hand, it is also possible to set the occupation end time after a predetermined time from the user's reservation end time, and set the reservation so that the reservation start time of another user is after the occupation end time of the previous user. It is possible. However, since the use end time at which the user actually ends use is unknown, the set occupation end time often deviates from the use end time, and as a result, there is a problem that the provision efficiency of the object decreases. there were.

  Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to predict the use end time to improve the provision efficiency of an object, and it is novel To provide an improved reservation management system and program.

In order to solve the above problems, according to an aspect of the present invention, a reservation acquisition unit that acquires between desired reservation period from a user actually utilized the reservation end time specified by the desired reservation period ends The prediction difference is calculated based on the storage unit storing the usage history associated with the usage end time, the reservation termination time specified from the desired reservation period acquired by the reservation acquisition unit, and the usage history stored by the storage unit. An occupancy period setting unit configured to set a first occupancy period based on a prediction unit to be predicted, the desired reservation period acquired by the reservation acquisition unit, and the prediction difference predicted by the prediction unit; and one or more facilities A reservation setting unit for setting a reservation with respect to each other, the facility includes one or more parking spaces in a parking lot, and the reservation setting unit is set up for each of the first occupancy period and the parking space. Setting the reserved for parking space selected based on the already second occupancy, reservation management system is provided.

The reservation setting section, and the first occupancy period and the second occupancy period may set the reservation so as not to overlap.

  The reservation management system acquires a use information acquisition unit that acquires use information indicating the current use state of the facility, and the use information acquisition when the user who has reserved the facility wishes to start using the facility. A provision determining unit that receives the usage information about the facility from the unit and determines whether the reserved facility can be provided to the user based on the usage information; And a use permission unit which gives the user permission to use the reserved facility when it is determined that the facility can be provided to the user.

  The facility includes one or more spare facilities, and the reservation setting unit excludes the spare facility in advance to set a reservation, and the reservation management system uses the facility for which the provision judgment unit has already reserved. The system further comprises a spare facility management unit which receives the use information about the spare facility from the use information acquisition unit when it is determined that the information can not be provided to the user, and extracts the spare facility not currently used, the use permission unit When the spare facility management unit extracts one or more of the spare facilities not currently used, the user may be permitted to use any of the spare facilities not currently used. .

  The reservation management system is, when the user who has reserved the facility wants to start using the facility, the latest setting existing before the user's reservation regarding the reservation set in the facility by the reservation setting unit. The system further comprises a time determination unit that compares the reservation end time of the reservation with the current time and determines whether the current time is after the reservation end time, and the provision determination unit determines that the current time is later than the reservation end time When it is determined by the time determination unit that it is, it may be determined whether the facility can be provided to the user.

The reservation management system, for the desired reservation period of a new user to the reservation acquisition unit has acquired, if the reservation setting unit is not able to set a reservation for any of the facility, setting the reservation The information processing apparatus may further include a notification unit that notifies the new user of an alternative reservation period indicating a possible period.

  The prediction unit extracts, from the storage unit, one or more of the usage histories including the reservation end time similar to the reservation end time specified from the desired reservation period acquired by the reservation acquisition unit. The predicted difference may be predicted based on a difference between the reservation end time specified from the used history and the use end time.

  The prediction unit is configured to make the prediction difference such that a difference of a predetermined ratio among one or more of the differences specified from the one or more usage histories extracted from the storage unit becomes equal to or less than the prediction difference. May predict

  The storage unit uses the usage history in which the date of the reservation end time falls on a specific date as a specific date usage history, and the usage history in which the date of the reservation end time falls outside the specific date as a normal date usage history. If the date of the reservation end time falls under the specific date, the prediction unit predicts the predicted difference based on the reservation end time and the specific date use history, and the prediction end ends the reservation When the date of time does not correspond to the specific date, the predicted difference may be predicted based on the reservation end time and the normal day use history.

  The prediction unit, when the date of the reservation end time corresponds to the specific date, determines the first prediction difference candidate predicted based on the reservation end time and the specific day use history, and the reservation end time The largest candidate among the second prediction difference candidates predicted based on the normal day use history may be predicted as the prediction difference.

In order to solve the above problems, according to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a reservation acquiring unit for acquiring a reservation request period from a user of a computer, a reservation end time specified from the reservation request period, and A prediction unit that predicts a predicted difference based on a usage history in which a reservation end time and an actual end time are associated; a desired reservation period acquired by the reservation acquisition unit; and the predicted difference predicted by the prediction unit , An occupancy period setting unit for setting a first occupancy period, and a reservation setting unit for setting a reservation for one or more facilities, the facilities including one or more parking spaces in the parking lot , the reservation setting section sets a reservation with respect to the parking space selected based already on the configured second occupancy for each of the first occupancy period the parking space, the reservation management system Program to function.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to improve the provision efficiency of an object by predicting the use end time.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is explanatory drawing which shows the outline | summary of the reservation management system concerning one Embodiment of this invention. It is an explanatory view showing an example of a parking lot concerning the embodiment. It is an explanatory view showing the composition of the server concerning the embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows the example of the information contained in the reservation request message concerning the embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows the example of the information contained in the reservation setting information concerning the embodiment. It is an explanatory view showing an example of a specific day list concerning the embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the normal day utilization log | history concerning the embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the specific day utilization log concerning the embodiment. It is an explanatory view showing the composition of the controlling device concerning the embodiment. It is an explanatory view showing an example of a reservation setting situation concerning the embodiment. It is an explanatory view showing an example of a reservation setting situation concerning the embodiment. It is an explanatory view showing an example of a reservation setting situation concerning the embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows the operation | movement at the time of the reservation setting of the reservation management system concerning the embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the prediction method of the prediction difference concerning the embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows the operation | movement at the time of the vehicle arrival of the reservation management system concerning the embodiment. It is an explanatory view showing the hardware constitutions of the server concerning the embodiment.

  The present invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown. In the present specification and the drawings, components having substantially the same functional configuration will be assigned the same reference numerals and redundant description will be omitted.

<< 1. Outline of reservation management system >>
First, an outline of a reservation management system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an outline of a reservation management system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The reservation management system according to the present embodiment provides a parking lot reservation service. As shown in FIG. 1, the server 1 is connected to the management device 2 that manages the parking lot 200 and the user terminal 3 such as the smartphone 3 a and the personal computer 3 b via the communication network 100, and the server 1 Manage reservations for the use of the parking lot 200.

  The server 1 is an information processing apparatus having a reservation management function. The server 1 accepts a reservation of the parking lot 200 in advance from a user who desires to use the parking lot 200 via the user terminal 3 owned by the user, and sets the reservation. Also, the server 1 provides the management device 2 that manages the parking lot 200 with information such as the reservation status.

  The communication network 100 is a wired or wireless transmission path of information transmitted from a device connected to the communication network 100. For example, the communication network 100 may include the Internet, a public network such as a telephone network, a satellite communication network, or various LANs (Local Area Networks) including Ethernet (registered trademark), WAN (Wide Area Network), etc. . The communication network 100 may also include a dedicated line network such as an Internet Protocol-Virtual Private Network (IP-VPN).

  The parking lot 200 is a parking lot provided with a parking space as shown in FIG. 2 and is managed by the management device 2. The management device 2 manages the use situation of each parking space of the parking lot 200, and based on the use situation and the reservation situation acquired from the server 1 via the communication network 100, the user can use the parking space of the parking place 200. It is an information processing apparatus to be provided. In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, the parking lot 200 includes spaces A to K and spare spaces X and Y. The server 1 assigns user reservations to the spaces A to K, and does not set reservations in the spare spaces X and Y. When the vehicle of the user who has reserved one of the spaces A to K arrives, the reserved space X, Y is provided to the user if the reserved space is being used by another user. . The spare spaces X and Y may be less convenient spaces (spaces that are not leveled, spaces far from the entrance, etc.) compared to the spaces A to K, or exist away from the spaces A to K It may be a parking space. 2 shows an example where the spaces A to K and the spare spaces X and Y are the same size parking spaces, but the parking lot 200 is for bicycles, motorcycles, mini cars, ordinary cars, Parking spaces of multiple sizes may be provided, such as for large vehicles. Although FIG. 1 shows an example in which the reservation management system manages reservations of one parking lot, the reservation management system according to the present invention may manage reservations of a plurality of parking lots.

  The user terminal 3 is an information processing apparatus owned by a user who makes a reservation or uses the parking lot 200. The user holds a vehicle that can be parked in the parking lot 200, such as a car, a motorcycle, or a bicycle, and makes a reservation for the parking lot 200 using the user terminal 3 in order to park the vehicle. The user terminal 3 connects to the server 1 via the communication network 100 and sends a reservation request message of the parking lot 200 to the server 1. The user terminal 3 is not limited to the smartphone or personal computer shown in FIG. 1, and may be an information processing apparatus such as a portable / personal navigation device (PND), a mobile phone, a personal handy phone system (PHS), or a portable video processing apparatus. It may be.

<< 2. Background >>
The outline of the reservation management system according to the embodiment of the present invention has been described above. Then, the background which led to creation of the reservation management system by this embodiment is demonstrated.

  As mentioned above, conventionally, there is known a system which can reserve a parking lot in advance. The system as described above is useful for the user, for example, when applied to a parking lot existing in the vicinity of a tourist spot, a tourist facility or the like.

  However, users who use a parking lot near a tourist spot or tourist facility are often unfamiliar with the tourist spot or tourist facility, so during busy times of the tourist spot or tourist facility, the vehicle is used as a parking space The return to the parking lot of the user who has parked may be later than the reservation end time. If the return of the user is delayed, the user who has reserved the parking space next to the user can not park the vehicle, resulting in a problem that the provision efficiency of the parking lot is lowered.

  To solve this problem, set the occupancy end time a predetermined time after the user's reservation end time, and set the reservation so that the reservation start time of another user is after the previous user's occupation end time. Is also possible. However, for example, the user may return on reservation end time during the time when the tourist spot or tourist facility is not congested, in which case the set occupation end time deviates from the use end time. However, there was a problem that the provision efficiency of a parking lot falls.

  Therefore, the inventor of the present invention has made the embodiment of the present invention, focusing on the above circumstances. The reservation management system according to the present embodiment can improve the provision efficiency of the parking lot by predicting the actual use end time. Hereinafter, in the reservation management system according to the embodiment of the present invention, configurations of the server 1 and the management device 2 for realizing the above-mentioned effects will be sequentially described in detail.

<< 3. Configuration >>
<3-1. Server configuration>
FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing the configuration of the server 1 according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 3, the server 1 according to the present embodiment includes the communication unit 11, the parking lot DB (Data Base) 12, the user DB 13, the usage history DB 14, the reservation acquisition unit 15, the prediction unit 16, and the occupancy period setting unit And a reservation setting unit.

(Communication unit)
The communication unit 11 is a communication module for transmitting / receiving data to / from another information processing apparatus by wired / wireless communication. For example, the communication unit 11 is connected to a LAN (Local Area Network), a telephone line or the like, and communicates with the management apparatus 2 and the user terminal 3 via the communication network 100 shown in FIG.

  The communication unit 11 according to the present embodiment has a function of receiving a reservation request message described later from the user terminal 3 and providing the reservation request message to the reservation acquisition unit 15. The communication unit 11 also has a function as a notification unit that notifies the user by transmitting the information on the reservation received from the reservation setting unit 18 to the user terminal 3. The communication unit 11 may provide a web application for transmitting and receiving such information. For example, the Web application may present to the user what kind of parking space is available, or may receive a reservation operation of the parking lot 200. In addition, the communication unit 11 has a function of transmitting the user stored in the user DB 13 described later and information regarding the reservation to the management device 2

  FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing an example of information included in the reservation request message received by the communication unit 11 from the user terminal 3. As shown in FIG. 4, the reservation request message according to the present embodiment includes a reserved vehicle number, information indicating a contact address (telephone number, e-mail address, etc.), desired reservation start time, desired reservation end time, travel route information (car Information indicating the route of the navigation system), information indicating the immediately before the drop-in place, scheduled leaving time of the immediately before the drop-in place, information indicating the destination, information indicating the vehicle type, and the like.

(Parking lot DB)
Parking lot DB12 concerning this embodiment is a database which stores the information about the offerable parking space registered by the provider. In more detail, parking lot DB12 stores offer condition information. Provision condition information includes information indicating a time zone in which the parking lot 200 can be provided, information indicating the position of the parking lot 200, types of vehicles that can be parked, the number of parking spaces that can be provided, and the parking lot 200 of each parking space. Information indicating the provision condition including information indicating the position of the

(User DB)
The user DB 13 according to the present embodiment is a database that stores the user who reserves the parking lot 200 and information about the reservation. More specifically, the user DB 13 stores reservation setting information. The reservation setting information is information related to the reservation set by the reservation setting unit 18. FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing an example of information included in reservation setting information. As shown in FIG. 5, the reservation request setting information according to the present embodiment includes a reservation vehicle number, information indicating a contact address, a reservation parking space number, a reservation start time, a reservation end time, an occupancy end time, moving means route information, It includes information indicating a drop-in place, scheduled exit time of a drop-in place immediately before, information indicating a destination, information indicating a car type, and the like.

(Use history DB)
The usage history DB 14 according to the present embodiment is a database that stores information related to usage of the parking lot 200 in the past. More specifically, the use history DB 14 stores a use history in which a reservation end time set for reservation is associated with a use end time when the use is actually ended. The server 1 according to the present embodiment has a storage unit, and stores the parking lot DB12, the user DB13, and the usage history DB14 in the storage unit. However, the parking lot DB12, the user DB13, and the usage history DB14 are servers. It may be configured as a database independent of 1.

  The prediction unit 16 described later predicts the difference (prediction difference) between the reservation end time and the use end time for the new reservation, based on the usage history stored in the usage history DB 14. The main cause of the delay in leaving the parking lot may be the congestion of tourist facilities etc., but it is difficult to judge how the congestion of the tourist facilities affects the return time of the user to the parking lot. Therefore, the use history DB 14 according to the present embodiment stores the difference between the reservation end time and the use end time when the user actually ended the use, and the prediction unit 16 generates a new reservation based on a plurality of differences in the past. Predict the difference. According to such a configuration, for example, the difference is predicted to be large in a time zone in which the user's return is often delayed behind the reservation end time, and in the time zone in which the user often returns as the reservation end time. Is predicted to be small.

  In addition, since there is a risk that the vicinity of the parking lot will be crowded more than usual on a specific day when an event such as a festival is held in the vicinity of the parking lot 200, the date of reservation end time is a specific date The usage history that does not correspond to the above is stored separately as the usage history for the normal day, and the usage history for which the date of the reservation end time falls on the specific date as the usage history for the specific day. In the following description, when it is not necessary to distinguish between the normal day usage history and the specific day usage history, the normal day usage history and the specific day usage history are collectively referred to simply as the usage history.

  FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing an example of the specific day list in which the specific days are listed. The specific day list may be acquired from an external database, or may be input by the provider of the parking lot 200 and stored in the usage history DB 14.

  FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing an example of the normal day use history, and FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing an example of the specific day use history. Each use history includes the month, day, and day of the week at the end of the reservation, the reservation end time, the use end time when the use is actually ended, and the difference. The difference is, for example, the difference between the reservation end time and the use end time, and may be calculated as: difference = (use end time−reservation end time).

(Reservation acquisition department)
The reservation acquisition unit 15 acquires a reservation request message including information indicating the user's desired reservation period (period between the desired reservation start time and the desired reservation end time) via the communication unit 11, and the prediction unit 16 provide. The reservation request message has already been described with reference to FIG.

(Predictor)
The prediction unit 16 predicts, based on the reservation end time specified from the reservation desired period acquired by the reservation acquisition unit 15 and the use history received from the use history DB 14, the reservation end time and the use end time for the reservation. Predict the difference. Here, the reservation end time may be the same as the reservation end desired time included in the reservation request message.

  The prediction unit 16 extracts, from the usage history DB 14, one or more usage histories including a reservation termination time similar to the reservation termination time specified from the desired reservation period. Here, it is assumed that the reservation end time similar to the reservation end time specified from the reservation desired period includes the reservation end time same as the reservation end time specified from the reservation desired period. Further, the prediction unit 16 predicts the prediction difference based on the difference included in the extracted usage history. Furthermore, the prediction unit 16 provides the reservation request message and the prediction difference to the occupation period setting unit 17. The details of the method of predicting the prediction difference by the prediction unit 16 will be described later.

(Occupied period setting part)
The occupation period setting unit 17 receives the reservation request message and the prediction difference from the prediction unit 16, and sets the occupation period including the prediction difference. For example, the occupation period setting unit 17 takes the reservation start desired time as the start time of the occupation period (occupancy start time), and uses the time obtained by adding the predicted difference to the reservation end desired time as the completion time of the occupation period (occupancy end time). A period may be set. In addition, the occupation period setting unit 17 provides the reservation request message and the occupation period to the reservation setting unit 18.

(Reservation setting section)
The reservation setting unit 18 sets a reservation based on the reservation request message received from the occupation period setting unit 17 and the occupation period. First, the reservation setting unit 18 refers to the parking lot DB 12 and the user DB 13 in the setting of a new reservation, and occupies the already set reservation among the parking spaces in which the vehicle type included in the reservation request message can be parked. A parking space (reservable parking space) in which the period and the occupation period of the new reservation do not overlap is extracted. When a parking space available for reservation is extracted, the reservation setting unit 18 causes the user DB 13 to store the reservation setting information described with reference to FIG. 5 for the new reservation. In addition, when the reservation setting unit 18 can not set a new reservation for any parking space, an alternative reservation period indicating an alternative period in which the reservation can be set is sent to the communication unit 11. provide. When the communication unit 11 receives the alternative reservation period, the communication unit 11 functions as a notification unit, and notifies the user of the alternative reservation period and the option of accepting the reservation in the alternative reservation period. The reservation setting unit 18 excludes a reserve space (preparatory facility) from the parking spaces of the parking lot 200 in advance, and performs reservation availability determination and reservation setting.

<3-2. Management device configuration>
FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing the configuration of the management device 2 according to the present embodiment. As illustrated in FIG. 9, the management device 2 according to the present embodiment includes a communication unit 21, a time determination unit 22, a use permission unit 23, a provision determination unit 24, a spare space management unit (spare facility management unit) 25, and use. The information acquisition unit 26 is provided.

(Communication unit)
The communication unit 21 is a communication module for transmitting / receiving data to / from another information processing apparatus by wired / wireless communication. For example, the communication unit 21 is connected to a LAN (Local Area Network), a telephone line, or the like, and communicates with the server 1 via the communication network 100 shown in FIG.

  The communication unit 21 according to the present embodiment has a function of receiving information on the user and the reservation from the server 1 and providing the information to the time determination unit 22 and the use permission unit 23.

(Time judgment unit)
When the user desires to start using the reserved parking space, the time determination unit 22 compares the current time with the reservation end time of the latest reservation existing before the reservation of the user, and the current time is the current time. It is determined whether or not it is after the reservation end time.

(Usage permission department)
When the user arrives at the parking lot 200, the use permission unit 23 acquires the information of the user, refers to the reservation setting information, and the user is a user who has reserved any of the parking spaces. It authenticates whether or not it exists. In addition, the use permission unit 23 provides the information of the user to the time determination unit 22 and the provision determination unit 24 described later. In addition, when the use determining unit 24 determines that the parking space can be provided to the user who desires to start using the parking space reserved by the user, the use permission unit 23 does not require the user. Give permission to use the parking space. In addition, when the use permission unit 23 receives the information of the available reserve space from the reserve space management unit 25, the use permit unit 23 gives the user permission to use the reserve space. For example, the use permission unit 23 is a gate and a display shown in FIG. 2 and uses the circuit breaker at the gate to allow the user to enter the parking lot 200 or display a space number on the display. The user may be permitted to use the parking space by guiding the user to the parking space.

(Provision determination unit)
In the case where the user determines that the use start of the reserved parking space is requested by the time determination unit 22 and the present time is determined to be after the reservation end time, the provision determination unit 24 determines the use information related to the parking space It receives from the utilization information acquisition part 26 mentioned later, and it is determined whether the said parking space can be provided to the said user based on utilization information. The usage information is whether the parking space is used (parked) by another user (usually, but not limited to, the user of the latest reservation existing before the user's reservation) Information indicating The provision determination unit 24 determines that provision is not possible if the parking space is used, and determines that provision is possible if the parking space is not used.

  In addition, if there is a user who uses it beyond the usage reservation end time, there is a risk that the user who made the next reservation can not be provided as described above. You may collect the charge which added the penalty to the usual parking charge.

(Spare space management department)
When the provision determination unit 24 determines that the parking space which the user has reserved can not be provided to the user, the reserve space management unit 25 receives the use information on the reserve space from the use information acquisition unit 26, Extract spare space not currently used. When one or more spare spaces which are not currently used are extracted, the spare space manager 25 provides the information indicating the spare space to the usage permitter 23 as information of the spare space that can be provided.

(Usage Information Acquisition Department)
The use information acquisition unit 26 acquires use information indicating a use state indicating whether the space is currently used (parked) for each parking space including the spare space, and the provision determination unit 24 and the spare space management unit Provided to 25. For example, the usage information acquisition unit 26 may be configured to acquire usage information of each parking space using a camera, various sensors, and the like.

<< 4. Operation >>
The configurations of the server 1 and the management device 2 included in the reservation management system according to the embodiment of the present invention have been described above. Subsequently, the operation of the reservation management system according to the present embodiment will be described. In the following, the operation of the reservation management system will be described in order, divided into an operation at the time of reservation setting and an operation at the time of user arrival.

<4-1. Operation at the time of reservation setting>
First, the concept of reservation setting by the reservation management system according to the present embodiment will be described using FIGS. 10 to 12, and then the operation at the time of reservation setting will be described using the flowchart of FIG. 13.

(Concept of reservation setting)
10 to 12 are explanatory diagrams showing the concept of reservation setting by the reservation management system according to the present embodiment. FIG. 10 is an explanatory drawing showing an example of the reservation status for which reservation has been set at a certain point in time. As shown in FIG. 10, the prediction difference M1 is predicted by the prediction unit 16 with respect to a reservation desired period R1 of a certain reservation, and an occupation period O1 obtained by combining the reservation desired period R1 and the prediction difference M1 is an occupation period setting unit 17 Set by When the reservation setting unit 18 sets the reservation, the occupancy period O1 does not overlap with the existing occupancy period in the reservation status (reservation status A) of the space A, so the desired reservation period R1 = reservation period R1. , The reservation is assigned to the space A. The same applies to the reservation for the reservation request periods R2 and R3.

  FIG. 11 is an explanatory view showing a reservation situation in the case where the reservation management system according to the present embodiment acquires a new reservation request message including a reservation request period R4 and sets a reservation in the reservation situation of FIG. Although the prediction difference M4 and the occupancy period O4 are set in the same manner as described above for the reservation desired period R4, the occupancy period O3 and the occupancy period O4 overlap in the reservation status A, so the reservation setting unit 18 , The reservation can not be assigned to the space A. Here, in the reservation status of the space B (reservation status B), since the occupation period O4 does not overlap with the existing occupation period, the desired reservation period R4 = the reservation period R4 is set, and the reservation is allocated to the space B.

  FIG. 12 shows the reservation management according to the present embodiment in a reservation situation where reservations for the reservation desired periods R11 and R12 are allocated to the space A and all parking spaces other than the space A are filled with other reservations and reservation is not possible. It is explanatory drawing which shows the reservation condition in case a system acquires a new reservation request message including reservation desired period R13, and sets a reservation. Similar to the case described with reference to FIG. 11, the occupation period set from the reservation according to R13 overlaps the existing occupation period in the reservation state A. In addition, as described above, the parking spaces other than the space A also overlap with the existing occupancy periods. Here, in the case of the occupancy period O13 set from the alternative reservation period R13a in which the period is slightly changed without changing the length of the reservation desired period R13, the reservation setting unit 18 accepts the user's consent if the reservation setting is possible. And assign the reservation to space A.

(Operation at the time of reservation setting)
FIG. 13 is an explanatory view showing an operation at the time of reservation setting of the reservation management system according to the present embodiment. First, the reservation acquisition unit 15 acquires a reservation request message of the user from the user terminal 3 via the communication unit 11 (S100).

  Subsequently, the prediction unit 16 that has received the acquired reservation request message extracts a usage history including a reservation end time similar to the reservation termination desired time included in the reservation request message from the usage history included in the usage history DB 14 (S120). Here, there may be cases where the date of the reservation end desired time falls on a specific day and cases where the date does not fall on a specific day, but first, the forecasting part 16 where the date of reservation end desired time falls out of the specific day The operation of will be described. When the date of the reservation end desired time does not correspond to the specific date, the prediction unit 16 extracts the usage history from the normal day usage history. Here, for example, the information of the date and the day of the week included in the usage history may not be used, and the usage history including the reservation termination time in a time zone including a predetermined time before and after the reservation termination desired time may be extracted. In addition, for example, in the usage history in which the day of the reservation termination desired time and the day of the week included in the usage history are the same, the usage history including the reservation termination time in a time zone including a predetermined time before and after the reservation termination desired time May be extracted.

  Furthermore, the prediction unit 16 predicts the prediction difference based on the difference included in the extracted usage history (S140). Here, the prediction unit 16 may predict the prediction difference, for example, such that a predetermined percentage of the difference included in the extracted usage history is less than or equal to the prediction difference.

  FIG. 14 is an explanatory view showing an example of a prediction method of prediction differences. FIG. 14 is a graph in which the number of extracted differences is plotted on the vertical axis and the value of the differentials on the horizontal axis, and the prediction unit 16 extracts the total number of differences (shaded parts) smaller than or equal to the predicted difference m. The prediction difference may be predicted by searching for a prediction difference m which is a predetermined percentage of the number of cases of the entire usage history.

  Note that the method for the prediction unit 16 to predict the prediction difference is not limited to the above. For example, the prediction unit 16 predicts the prediction difference based on the average value and / or the variance value of the differences included in the extracted usage history May be

  A case where the date of the reservation end desired time corresponds to a specific date in the operation (S120, S140) of the prediction unit 16 described above will be described. If the date of the desired reservation end time corresponds to a specific date, the prediction unit 16 extracts the usage history from both the specific day usage history and the normal day usage history. Further, the prediction unit 16 predicts in the same manner as above based on the first prediction difference candidate predicted in the same manner as above based on the usage history extracted from the specific day usage history, and the usage history extracted from the normal day usage history. Among the second prediction difference candidates, the largest candidate is predicted as a prediction difference.

  Next, the occupation period setting unit 17 receives the prediction difference from the prediction unit 16 and sets the occupation period (S160). For example, the occupation period setting unit 17 may set the occupation period as the end time of the occupation period, with the reservation start desired time as the start time of the occupation period, and the time obtained by adding the prediction difference to the reservation termination desired time.

  Subsequently, the reservation setting unit 18 refers to the reservation setting information stored in the user DB 13 so that the reservation-set occupancy period of one of the parking spaces and the occupancy period set by the occupancy period setting unit 17 do not overlap. It is determined whether it is possible to set a reservation (S180).

  When it is determined that the reservation setting unit 18 can set the reservation ("YES" in S180), the reservation setting unit 18 performs the reservation setting (S200). Here, the reservation setting unit 18 stores the reservation setting information of the reservation in the user DB 13 and notifies the user that the reservation has been set via the communication unit 11.

  If it is determined that the reservation setting unit 18 can not set the reservation ("NO" in S180), the reservation setting unit 18 can move forward and backward without changing the length of the desired reservation period, and can make an alternative reservation period that can be reserved Is searched (S220). Here, for the period in which the desired reservation period is moved back and forth, the prediction difference and the occupation period may be reset in the same manner as in steps S120 to S160. When the prediction difference and the occupation period are reset with respect to the period, the prediction unit 16 may extract the use history by treating the end time of the period as the reservation end time. In addition, even if the desired reservation period is moved back and forth by a predetermined time or more, if the alternative reservation period that can be reserved is not found, the reservation setting unit 18 may determine that the alternative reservation period does not exist.

  When there is an alternative reservation period that can be reserved (“YES” in S220), the communication unit 11 functions as a notification unit, and the alternative reservation period and the option of whether or not to accept the reservation in the alternative reservation period. Is notified to the user (S240). Here, when the user accepts the reservation in the alternative reservation period (“YES” in S260), the reservation setting unit 18 performs reservation setting using the alternative reservation period (S200). At this time, the reservation start time is not the reservation start desired time, but the start time of the alternative reservation period is set, and the reservation end time and the occupancy end time are also set based on the alternative reservation period.

  If there is no alternative reservation period that can be reserved ("NO" in S220), or if the user does not approve the reservation in the alternative reservation period ("NO" in S260), the reservation setting unit 18 selects the reservation. It determines with it being impossible (S280). Here, the reservation setting unit 18 discards the reservation request message, and notifies the user via the communication unit 11 that the reservation is not possible.

<4-2. Operation at the time of vehicle arrival>
FIG. 15 is an explanatory view showing the operation at the time of vehicle arrival of the reservation management system according to the present embodiment. First, when the user's vehicle arrives, the usage permission unit 23 detects the arrival of the vehicle and acquires the user's reserved vehicle number (S500). The method for the use permission unit 23 to acquire the reservation vehicle number is, for example, a method in which the management apparatus 2 includes the operation unit and causes the user or the administrator of the parking lot 200 to input the user information from the operation unit. Good. Also, for example, the reserved vehicle number is managed by the license plate number information, and the management device 2 is provided with a camera, and the reserved vehicle number is obtained by photographing the user's vehicle license plate with a camera and acquiring number information. It may be acquired.

  Subsequently, the use permission unit 23 acquires reservation setting information from the server 1, and verifies the reservation vehicle number included in the reservation setting information with the reservation vehicle number acquired above to authenticate the user (S520). .

  When the user is authenticated (“YES” in S520), the time determination unit 22 determines the reservation end time of the latest reservation existing before the reservation of the user in the parking space reserved by the user, and the current time Are compared to determine whether the current time is after the reservation end time (S540).

  If the current time is after the reservation end time of the latest reservation existing before the reservation of the user (“YES” in S540), the provision determination unit 24 determines that the usage information on the parking space is the usage information acquisition unit 26. It is determined whether or not the parking space can be provided to the user based on the usage information (S560).

  When the provision determination unit 24 determines that the provision is possible ("YES" in S560), the use permission unit 23 gives the user permission to use the parking space (S580).

  When the provision determination unit 24 determines that provision is not possible (“NO” in S 560), the spare space management unit 25 receives the use information on the reserve space from the use information acquisition unit 26 and is not currently used (there is a vacancy) ) Extract the spare space (S600).

  When the spare space is extracted (there is a space in the spare space) ("YES" in S600), the use permission unit 23 gives the user permission to use the spare space (S580).

  If the user is not authenticated ("NO" in S520), if the current time is not after the reservation end time of the latest reservation existing before the reservation of the user ("NO" in S540), or When the reserve space is not extracted (there is no space in the reserve space) ("NO" in S600), the use permission unit 23 notifies the user that the use of the parking lot 200 is not possible.

<< 5. Modified example >>
Hereinabove, one embodiment of the present invention has been described. In the following, some variations of this embodiment will be described. In addition, each modification explained below may be applied to this embodiment independently, and may be applied to this embodiment by combination. Further, each modification may be applied instead of the configuration described in the present embodiment, or may be additionally applied to the configuration described in the present embodiment.

<5-1. First Modified Example>
In the above, even if the user who has made a reservation in advance and arrived at the reservation start time, another user continues to use the reserved parking space, and there is no space in the spare space. Although the example in which the use permission unit 23 notifies the user that the use is not available has been described, the present invention is not limited to this example.

  For example, the management device 2 may guide the user to another parking lot. In particular, when the reservation management system manages reservations of a plurality of parking lots, the reservation management system reserves a parking space which can be reserved or available among the parking lots in the vicinity of the parking lot currently reserved by the user. Other parking lots may be extracted to guide the user to the other parking lots. In addition, when the user is guided to the other parking lot, the reservation management system may collect a charge reduced from the normal parking charge from the user.

  According to this configuration, it is possible to relieve the dissatisfaction of the user who made the reservation in advance and arrived at the reservation start time but could not use the reserved parking space.

5-2. Second Modified Example>
In the above, the prediction unit 16 predicts the difference between the reservation end time and the actual use end time (end difference), and the occupancy period is set based on the reservation desired period and the end difference. The present invention is not limited to such examples.

  For example, the prediction unit 16 predicts not only the end time difference but also the difference between the reservation start time and the actual use start time (start time difference), and the occupancy period is the reservation desired period, the start time difference, and the end time difference It may be set based on

  When the prediction unit 16 predicts the start time difference, for example, the use history stored in the use history DB 14 may further include a reservation start time, a use start time, and their difference (start time difference). Further, the prediction unit 16 may predict the start difference based on the usage history in the same manner as the end difference prediction. Furthermore, the occupancy period setting unit 17 sets the occupancy period as the occupancy end time with the time obtained by adding the start difference to the reservation start desired time as the occupancy start time, and setting the time obtained by adding the end difference to the reservation termination desired time as the occupancy end time It is also good.

  The method by which the prediction unit 16 predicts the start time difference is not limited to the above. For example, the prediction unit 16 predicts the delay time due to traffic congestion on the basis of the travel route information included in the reservation request message acquired by the reservation acquisition unit 15 and the information on the stop-by place immediately before and predicts the start difference. Good.

  According to this configuration, since the occupancy period is set by predicting not only the usage end time but also the usage start time, it is possible to further improve the provision efficiency of the parking lot.

<< 6. Hardware configuration >>
The embodiments of the present invention have been described above. The information processing such as the difference prediction described above is realized by cooperation of software and hardware of the server 1 described below.

  FIG. 16 is an explanatory view showing a hardware configuration of the server 1. As illustrated in FIG. 16, the server 1 includes a central processing unit (CPU) 121, a read only memory (ROM) 122, a random access memory (RAM) 123, an input device 124, an output device 125, and a storage. A device 126 and a communication device 127 are provided.

  The CPU 121 functions as an arithmetic processing unit and a control unit, and controls the overall operation in the server 1 according to various programs. Also, the CPU 121 may be a microprocessor. The ROM 122 stores programs used by the CPU 121, calculation parameters, and the like. The RAM 123 temporarily stores programs used in the execution of the CPU 121, parameters that change appropriately in the execution, and the like. These are mutually connected by a host bus configured of a CPU bus and the like. The functions of the reservation acquisition unit 15, the prediction unit 16, the occupation period setting unit 17, and the reservation setting unit 18 are mainly realized by the cooperation of the CPU 121, the ROM 122, and the RAM 123 with the software.

  The input device 124 generates an input signal based on an input by a user such as a mouse, a keyboard, a touch panel, a button, a microphone, a switch, and a lever, and an input control circuit that generates an input signal based on the input by the user. And so on. The user of the server 1 can input various data to the server 1 and instruct processing operations by operating the input device 124.

  The output device 125 includes, for example, a display device such as a liquid crystal display (LCD) device, an OLED device and a lamp. Furthermore, the output device 125 includes an audio output device such as a speaker and headphones. For example, the display device displays a captured image, a generated image, and the like. On the other hand, the audio output device converts audio data and the like into audio and outputs the audio.

  The storage device 126 is a device for storing data. The storage device 126 may include a storage medium, a recording device that records data in the storage medium, a reading device that reads data from the storage medium, and a deletion device that deletes data recorded in the storage medium. The storage device 126 stores the parking lot DB 12 described with reference to FIG. 3, the user DB 13, the use history DB 14, and programs executed by the CPU 121 and various data.

  The communication device 127 is, for example, a communication interface configured of a communication device or the like for connecting to a transmission path. The communication device 127 may also include a communication device compatible with a wireless local area network (LAN), a communication device compatible with an LTE (long term evolution), a wire communication device performing wired communication, or a Bluetooth communication device.

  Although the hardware configuration of the server 1 has been described above, the management apparatus 2 and the user terminal 3 also have hardware equivalent to the CPU 121, the ROM 122, the RAM 123, and the like, similarly to the server 1. Then, the cooperation of the hardware and software of the management device 2 realizes, for example, the function of the provision determination unit 24.

<< 7. End >>
As described above, according to the embodiment of the present invention, since the use end time at which the use is actually ended is predicted based on the reservation end time and the past use history, the provision efficiency of the parking lot is improved. It is possible. In addition, the parking lot 200 includes a reserve space, and since the reservation is set except for the reserve space, even if the reserved user can not provide the parking space reserved by the user, the user is a reserve space. It is possible to use

  Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to such examples. It is obvious that those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs can conceive of various changes or modifications within the scope of the technical idea described in the claims. Of course, it is understood that these also fall within the technical scope of the present invention.

  For example, although the above-mentioned embodiment explained an example of a reservation management system of a parking lot, the present invention is not limited to this example. For example, according to the present invention, when the user is using the object, the provider of the object interrupts the use of the object by the user, such as a reservation management system of a mobile object such as car sharing, car rental, rental cycle, etc. It is applicable also to the reservation management system of the object which is difficult to make it difficult.

  Moreover, although the said embodiment demonstrated the example which performs a prediction process based on the utilization log | history of the whole user of a parking lot, this invention is not limited to this example. For example, the prediction unit extracts from the usage history DB only the usage history corresponding to the user's individual usage history or the user's attribute (for example, a passenger car, a sightseeing bus, a truck, etc.), and based on the extracted usage history. Prediction processing may be performed.

  Further, each step in the processing of the reservation management system according to the present invention does not necessarily have to be processed chronologically in the order described as the flowchart diagram. For example, each step in the processing of the reservation management system may be processed in an order different from the order described as the flowchart diagram, or may be processed in parallel.

  In addition, the hardware of the server 1, the management device 2, and the user terminal 3 such as the CPU 121, the ROM 122, and the RAM 123 has the above-described functions of the server 1, the management device 2, and the user terminal 3. Computer programs can also be created. In particular, some or all of the functions included in the server 1 may be implemented on the management device 2 by installing a computer program on the management device 2. There is also provided a storage medium storing the computer program.

  The present invention is applicable to reservation management, and in particular to reservation management of a parking lot or a mobile.

1 server 11 communication part 12 parking lot DB
13 User DB
14 Usage History DB
15 reservation acquisition unit 16 prediction unit 17 occupation period setting unit 18 reservation setting unit 100 communication network 200 parking lot 2 management device 21 communication unit 22 time determination unit 23 use permission unit 24 provision determination unit 25 spare space management unit (spare facility management unit )
25 spare space management unit 26 usage information acquisition unit 3 user terminal

Claims (12)

A reservation acquisition unit to acquire between desired reservation period from the user,
A storage unit for storing a usage history in which a reservation end time specified from the desired reservation period is associated with a use end time when the use is actually ended;
A prediction unit that predicts a prediction difference based on a reservation end time specified from the desired reservation period acquired by the reservation acquisition unit and the usage history stored by the storage unit;
An occupancy period setting unit configured to set a first occupancy period based on the desired reservation period acquired by the reservation acquisition unit and the predicted difference predicted by the prediction unit;
A reservation setting unit for setting a reservation for one or more facilities;
The facility includes one or more parking spaces in a parking lot,
The reservation setting unit sets a reservation for the parking space selected based on the first occupation period and the second occupation period already set for each parking space.
Reservation management system. The reservation setting section, the a first and the second occupancy and occupancy period to set the reservation so as not to overlap, the reservation management system according to claim 1. A usage information acquisition unit that acquires usage information indicating the current usage status of the facility;
When the user who has reserved the facility wishes to start using the facility, the user receives the usage information about the facility from the usage information acquisition unit, and uses the reserved facility based on the usage information. A provision determination unit that determines whether or not provision can be made to a person;
A use permission unit which gives the user permission to use the reserved facility when the provision determining unit determines that the reserved facility can be provided to the user;
Further comprising, reservation management system according to claim 1 or 2. The facility includes one or more spare facilities,
The reservation setting unit excludes the spare facility in advance and sets a reservation,
When the provision determination unit determines that the reserved facility can not be provided to the user, the provision information regarding the reserve facility is received from the use information acquisition unit, and the reserve facility that is not currently used is It is further equipped with a spare facility management unit to extract
The use permission unit permits the user to use any of the spare facilities not currently used when the spare facility manager extracts one or more of the spare facilities not currently used. give,
The reservation management system according to claim 3.   The use permission unit guides the user to any of the spare facilities not currently used.
  The reservation management system according to claim 4. When the user who has reserved the facility wants to start using the facility, the reservation setting unit sets the reservation end time of the latest reservation existing before the user's reservation regarding the reservation set in the facility. The system further comprises a time determination unit that compares the current time and determines whether the current time is after the reservation end time,
The provision determination unit determines whether the facility can be provided to the user when the time determination unit determines that the current time is after the reservation end time.
The reservation management system according to any one of claims 3 to 5 . If the reservation setting unit can not set a reservation for any of the facilities for the reservation desired period of the new user acquired by the reservation acquisition unit, a period in which the reservation can be set And a notification unit for notifying the new user of the alternative reservation period indicated.
The reservation management system according to any one of claims 1 to 6 . The prediction unit extracts, from the storage unit, one or more of the usage histories including the reservation end time similar to the reservation end time specified from the desired reservation period acquired by the reservation acquisition unit. Predicting the predicted difference based on a difference between the reservation end time specified from the used history and the use end time,
The reservation management system according to any one of claims 1 to 7 . The prediction unit is configured to make the prediction difference such that a difference of a predetermined ratio among one or more of the differences specified from the one or more usage histories extracted from the storage unit becomes equal to or less than the prediction difference. The reservation management system according to claim 8 , which predicts. The storage unit uses the usage history in which the date of the reservation end time falls on a specific date as a specific date usage history, and the usage history in which the date of the reservation end time falls outside the specific date as a normal date usage history. Distinguish and store,
The prediction unit predicts the predicted difference based on the reservation end time and the specific day use history when the date of the reservation end time corresponds to the specific date, and the date of the reservation end time is the date of the reservation end time. In the case where it does not fall on a specific day, the prediction difference is predicted based on the reservation end time and the normal day use history.
The reservation management system according to any one of claims 1 to 9 . The prediction unit, when the date of the reservation end time corresponds to the specific date, determines the first prediction difference candidate predicted based on the reservation end time and the specific day use history, and the reservation end time The reservation management system according to claim 10 , wherein the largest candidate among the second prediction difference candidates predicted based on the normal day use history is predicted as the prediction difference. A reservation acquisition unit for acquiring a desired reservation period from a user using a computer,
A prediction unit that predicts a prediction difference based on a reservation end time specified from the desired reservation period, and a usage history in which the reservation end time is associated with an actual end time;
An occupancy period setting unit configured to set a first occupancy period based on the desired reservation period acquired by the reservation acquisition unit and the predicted difference predicted by the prediction unit;
A reservation setting unit for setting a reservation for one or more facilities;
The facility includes one or more parking spaces in a parking lot,
The reservation setting unit sets a reservation for the parking space selected based on the first occupation period and the second occupation period already set for each parking space.
Program for functioning as reservation management system .

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