JP6487865B2 - Rail vehicle roof structure and rail car manufacturing method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a roof structure of a railway vehicle and a method for manufacturing the railway vehicle.

  The roof structure of a railway vehicle includes a plurality of rafters and long girders that support both ends of the rafters. The rafters are arranged at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle (see FIG. 3 of Patent Document 1).

  As shown in FIG. 10, the rafter 303 is convexly curved and has a rafter lower surface 303a facing the inside of the vehicle and a rafter upper surface 303b facing the outside of the vehicle.

  The long girder 304 is bent at at least three locations, and has an inner inclined portion 321 disposed along the rafter lower surface 303a, an inclined portion 322 extending from the lower end of the inner inclined portion 321 toward the outside of the vehicle, and an inclined portion 322. An outer inclined portion 323 extending on the same plane as the rafter upper surface 303b from an upper end of the upper edge of the outer peripheral portion, and a vertical portion 324 extending downward from the lower end of the outer inclined portion 323. The vertical portion 324 is disposed along the side structure.

  The rafter 303 and the long girder 304 are connected using the first gusset 330.

  The first gusset 330 is disposed on the upper surface side of the rafter 303, and is disposed across the rafter upper surface 303 b and the outer inclined portion 323 of the long girder 304. The first gusset 330 and the rafter upper surface 303b are welded to each other, and the first gusset 330 and the outer inclined portion 323 are welded to each other. The first gusset 330 is curved along the rafter upper surface 303b.

  On the lower surface side of the rafter 303, the rafter lower surface 303a and the inner inclined portion 321 of the long girder 304 are overlapped and welded at these overlapping portions. The long girder 304 and the side structure are connected using the second gusset 340.

JP 2011-073674 A

  In the existing structure described above, the long girder 304 has a complicated shape that is bent at at least three locations.

  Further, the roof structure does not have a reference horizontal plane (reference plane). This is because the reference plane does not exist in the rafter 303, the long girder 304, the first gusset 330, and the second gusset 340 constituting the roof structure. For example, since the rafter 303 is curved in a convex shape, there is only a curved surface. The long girder 304 is formed only with an inclined portion and a vertical portion inclined with respect to the horizontal direction. The first gusset 330 and the second gusset 340 are curved or inclined. Therefore, the assembly of the roof structure is performed without a reference plane. However, if there is no reference plane, there is a risk of misalignment between the rafter, the long girder, and the gusset. Moreover, when attaching a roof structure to a side structure, there exists a possibility that a roof structure may be attached to a side structure in the state inclined with respect to the horizontal direction.

  Further, long girders 304 are arranged at both left and right ends of the rafter 303, and the rafter 303 and the long girders 304 are connected to each other at both left and right end portions by using a first gusset 330. The rafters 303 are arranged at a predetermined interval in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, and the first gusset 330 is used at both the left and right ends of each rafter 303. Therefore, a considerable amount of the first gusset 330 is required for the entire roof structure. Therefore, the number of parts of the roof structure is very large.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a roof structure structure having a reference surface while making a long girder a simple shape. Another object is to provide a roof structure having a small number of parts.

The present invention is a roof structure structure of a railway vehicle, and a plurality of rafters extending in the circumferential direction of the vehicle body and arranged away from each other in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, and at both longitudinal ends of the plurality of rafters, And at least two long girders extending in the longitudinal direction.
The rafter includes a rafter main body curved portion curved in a convex shape, a first straight portion and a second straight portion extending linearly from both ends of the rafter main body curved portion, and a lower end portion of the first straight portion. A first horizontal portion that is connected and extends in the horizontal direction and a second horizontal portion that is connected to the lower end portion of the second linear portion and extends in the horizontal direction are provided.
The long girder is bent at a first bending portion and a second bending portion, and the long girder includes a long girder horizontal portion extending in a horizontal direction between the first bending portion and the second bending portion; A linear long girder straight portion extending in parallel to the lower surface of the first straight portion or the second straight portion closest to the first bent portion, and a length extending downward from the second bent portion A girder vertical part is formed.
The first horizontal portion and the second horizontal portion are arranged along the long digit horizontal portion, and the long digit straight portion is arranged along the lower surface of the first linear portion or the lower surface of the second linear portion. Has been.

In the above configuration, the long girder has a simple shape in which the long girder is bent at two places, the first bent portion and the second bent portion, and a long girder horizontal portion is formed between the two bent portions. Also, the rafter is formed with a first horizontal portion and a second horizontal portion, and the first horizontal portion (second horizontal portion) is arranged along the long girder horizontal portion. When the vehicle is manufactured, the horizontal planes of the first horizontal portion, the second horizontal portion, and the long digit horizontal portion can be used as a reference. In addition, by bringing these horizontal surfaces into contact with each other, positional deviation between the rafters and the long girders hardly occurs and the connection strength between the rafters and the long girders is improved. Further, since the rafter and the long girder can be directly connected on the horizontal plane, the gusset (the first gusset 330 in FIG. 10) used to connect the rafter and the long girder is unnecessary. Therefore, the number of parts of the roof structure can be greatly reduced.
Furthermore, the first straight portion and the second straight portion that are linear are formed on the rafter, and the lower surfaces of these straight portions and the planes of the long-girder straight portions are brought into contact with each other, and the upper surfaces of these straight portions and the connection planes By bringing the flat surfaces of the portions into contact with each other, positional displacement is less likely to occur.
Moreover, when welding a rafter and a long girder, since it can weld on the horizontal surface and plane mentioned above, it is easy to perform a welding operation. In addition, misalignment between the rafters and the long girders hardly occurs during welding.

  The said structure WHEREIN: It is preferable that the both ends of the said rafter are extended to the said long girder horizontal part. When the rafter extends to the long girder horizontal portion, the distance between the rafter and the side structure disposed below the long girder horizontal portion can be shortened. Since only a long girder exists between the rafter and the side structure, the strength tends to be weak, but the connection strength between the roof structure and the side structure can be improved by shortening the distance between the rafter and the side structure.

  In the above configuration, the rafter is formed between the first straight portion and the first horizontal portion, and has a first wall portion having a larger inclination angle with respect to the horizontal direction than the first straight portion, and the first It is preferable to have a second wall portion formed between two straight portions and the second horizontal portion and having a larger inclination angle with respect to the horizontal direction than the second straight portion. By forming the first wall portion and the second wall portion having a larger inclination angle than the first straight portion and the second straight portion, the second horizontal portion is brought closer to the base end (first bent portion) of the long girder horizontal portion. Can do. As a result, the length of the long girder horizontal portion (length in the vehicle width direction) can be prevented from becoming long, so that the roof structure does not have a wide shape and can be installed in various vehicles.

  Furthermore, the said structure WHEREIN: It is preferable that the said 1st wall part and the said 2nd wall part are extended to the said long girder horizontal part. Since the end portion of the rafter can be brought close to the side structure, the region where only the long girder can be shortened can be shortened. Thereby, the connection strength of a roof structure and a side structure can be improved.

The present invention is a method of assembling a railway vehicle, the roof structure assembling process for assembling a roof structure including rafters and long girders arranged at both longitudinal ends of the rafters, and the roof structure assembling process. A method for manufacturing a railway vehicle including a roof structure attaching step for attaching a roof structure to a side structure.
The rafter includes a rafter main body curved portion curved in a convex shape, a first straight portion and a second straight portion extending linearly from both ends of the rafter main body curved portion, and a lower end portion of the first straight portion. A first horizontal portion that is connected and extends in the horizontal direction and a second horizontal portion that is connected to the lower end portion of the second linear portion and extends in the horizontal direction are provided.
The long girder is bent at a first bending portion and a second bending portion, and the long girder includes a long girder horizontal portion extending in a horizontal direction between the first bending portion and the second bending portion; A linear long girder straight portion extending in parallel to the lower surface of the first straight portion or the second straight portion closest to the first bent portion, and a length extending downward from the second bent portion A girder vertical part is formed.
In the roof structure assembling step, at one end of the rafter in the longitudinal direction, the lower surface of the first straight portion is in contact with the long girder straight portion, and the first horizontal portion is in contact with the long girder horizontal portion. A first arrangement step of arranging the first straight portion and the first horizontal portion; and a first welding step of welding the long girder horizontal portion and the first horizontal portion, and the other longitudinal end portion of the rafter. The second straight portion and the second horizontal portion are arranged so that the lower surface of the second straight portion is in contact with the long girder straight portion and the second horizontal portion is in contact with the long girder horizontal portion. A second long girder arranging step and a second welding step of welding the long girder horizontal portion and the second horizontal portion.
The roof structure attaching step includes a roof structure arranging step of arranging the roof structure along the side structure so that the long girder vertical portion is in contact with the side structure, and welding the long girder vertical portion and the side structure. And a welding process.

In the above method, the vehicle can be manufactured based on the first horizontal portion and the second horizontal portion of the rafter and the horizontal portion of the long girder. Therefore, the positional deviation is less likely to occur between the rafter, the long girder, and the side structure. Further, by bringing the horizontal surfaces of the first horizontal portion (second horizontal portion) and the long girder horizontal portion into contact with each other, positional displacement between the rafter and the long girder hardly occurs and the connection strength between the rafter and the long girder is increased. improves.
Furthermore, since the rafter and the long girder can be directly connected with each other in the horizontal plane, the gusset (the first gusset 330 in FIG. 10) used for connecting the rafter and the long girder is unnecessary. Therefore, the number of parts of the roof structure can be reduced, and the step of arranging the gusset can be omitted.
Further, since the straight first straight line portion and the second straight line portion are formed on the rafter, and the planes of the lower surface of these straight line portions and the long-girder straight line portions are brought into contact with each other, positional deviation is less likely to occur.
Further, since the assembled roof structure is preferably attached to the side structure, the roof structure can be easily attached to the side structure.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a roof structure structure having a horizontal plane as a reference while making a long girder a simple shape. Moreover, the number of parts of the roof structure can be greatly reduced.

It is a mimetic diagram of a rail car concerning a 1st embodiment. (A) is sectional drawing (the figure which followed the IIA-IIA line | wire of FIG. 1) of a roof structure, (b) is sectional drawing of the conventional roof structure. (A) is the figure which looked at the 1st linear part of the rafter in the longitudinal direction, (b) is the figure which looked at the rafter edge part periphery from upper direction, (c) is a perspective view of the rafter edge part periphery. . It is an enlarged view (enlarged view of IV of FIG. 2) of the one end part of the roof structure of 1st Embodiment. It is a side view of a long girder. (A) And (b) is a figure which shows the manufacturing method of the rafter of this embodiment in order, (a), (c) and (d) are figures which show the manufacturing method of the conventional rafter in order. (A)-(c) is the schematic diagram which showed the manufacturing method of the vehicle of this embodiment in order. (A) And (b) is the schematic diagram which showed the manufacturing method of the vehicle of this embodiment in order. (A) is a top view of the roof structure of this embodiment, (b) is a top view of the conventional roof structure. It is an enlarged view of the one end part of the conventional roof structure.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  The roof structure 2 of the railway vehicle 1 includes a plurality of rafters 3, a long girder 4 arranged at the right end of the rafter 3 in the figure, and a long girder 5 arranged at the left end of the rafter 3 in the figure. ing. An outer plate 6 is disposed on the rafter 3. The rafters 3 are arranged at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. The long girders 4 and the long girders 5 extend in the vehicle longitudinal direction. Although not shown, a plurality of long girders 4 are arranged in the vehicle longitudinal direction at the right end of the rafter 3. Two adjacent long girders 4 are connected by a metal plate (not shown). A plurality of long girders 5 are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle at the left end of the rafter 3. Two adjacent long girders 5 are connected by a metal plate (not shown). The roof structure 2 is disposed on the right side structure 7 and the left side structure 8 in the drawing.

(rafter)
As shown in FIG. 2A, the rafter 3 includes a rafter body bending portion 11 that is curved in a convex shape, a first straight portion 12 that extends linearly downward from both ends of the rafter body bending portion 11, and And a second linear portion 13. The first straight part 12 and the second straight part 13 extend in a direction away from the rafter body bending part 11. The rafter 3 has a convex shape throughout the rafter body bending portion 11, the first straight portion 12, and the second straight portion 13.

  In the right end portion of the rafter 3 in the figure, the first wall portion 14 extends downward from the lower end portion of the first linear portion 12, and the first horizontal portion 15 extends horizontally from the lower end of the first wall portion 14. Exist. In addition, at the left end portion of the rafter 3 in the figure, the second wall portion 16 extends downward from the lower end portion of the second linear portion 13, and the second horizontal portion 17 extends horizontally from the lower end of the second wall portion 16. Is extended.

  As shown in FIG. 2B, the conventional rafter 303 includes a rafter body bending portion 11. Since the rafter 3 of the present embodiment has the first straight portion 12 and the second straight portion 13, the length of the first straight portion 12 and the length of the second straight portion 13 than the conventional rafter 303. Just long. All the conventional rafters 303 are curved, but the rafter 3 of this embodiment has a linear region.

  The rafter 3 is a rafter having a so-called Z-shaped cross section formed by bending a flat plate (see FIG. 3A). When the rafter 3 is viewed in the longitudinal direction, the rafter 3 is formed in a staircase shape, the first step 3A, the second step 3B higher than the first step 3A, the first step 3A and the first step 3A. A connecting portion 3C extending in the vertical direction (vertical direction) is provided between the two-step portion 3B. The first step portion 3A and the second step portion 3B are parallel. FIG. 3A shows the first straight portion 12 of the rafter 3. In the first straight portion 12, the first step portion 3A and the second step portion 3B are both flat. In FIG. 3A, the lower surface of the first step portion 3A of the first straight portion 12 is 12a, and the upper surface of the second step portion 3B of the first straight portion 12 is 12b. The lower surface 12a and the upper surface 12b are flat surfaces, and the lower surface 12a and the upper surface 12b are parallel. The first step portion 3A is disposed closer to the inside of the vehicle than the second step portion 3B (see FIG. 4). FIG. 4 shows an enlarged view of IV in FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 3B and 3C, the first wall portion 14 extends downward from the side end portion of the second step portion 3 </ b> B of the first straight portion 12. The first wall portion 14 extends to the horizontal plane of the long girder 4 (long girder horizontal portion 23 described later). A first horizontal portion 15 extends in the horizontal direction from the lower end of the first wall portion 14. The first horizontal portion 15 is in contact with the horizontal plane of the long girder 4 (long girder horizontal portion 23). The first horizontal portion 15 and the long girder horizontal portion 23 are in contact with each other in the horizontal plane, and are welded at the contacted portion (see FIG. 3B). Easy to weld on a horizontal surface.

  Since the first horizontal portion 15 is ahead of the second step portion 3B, the second step portion 3B is connected to the long digit horizontal portion 23 by connecting the first horizontal portion 15 and the long digit horizontal portion 23. The same effect as the time is obtained.

The angle θ _{1 with} respect to the horizontal direction of the first wall portion 14 is 90 degrees, and the inclination angle θ _{2 with} respect to the horizontal direction of the first straight line portion 12 is less than 90 degrees (for example, 45 degrees) (see FIG. 3C). . The first wall portion 14 has a larger inclination angle with respect to the horizontal direction than the first straight portion 12.

  Although the right end portion of the rafter 3 has been described above, since the rafter 3 has a symmetrical shape (see FIG. 2A), the left end portion of the rafter 3 has the same shape as the right end portion. A second wall portion 16 extends downward from the side end portion of the second straight portion 13. The second wall portion 16 extends to the long digit horizontal portion 23 of the long digit 5. A second horizontal portion 17 extends in the horizontal direction from the lower end of the second wall portion 16. The second horizontal portion 17 is in contact with the long digit horizontal portion 23 of the long digit 5. The 2nd horizontal part 17 and the long girder horizontal part 23 contact | abut in horizontal planes, and are welded by the contacted part.

  The angle of the second wall portion 16 with respect to the horizontal direction is 90 degrees, and the inclination angle of the second linear portion 13 with respect to the horizontal direction is less than 90 degrees (for example, 45 degrees). The second wall portion 16 has a larger inclination angle with respect to the horizontal direction than the second straight portion 13.

(Long digits)
As shown in FIG. 5, the long girder 4 is formed by bending a flat plate at two locations of a first bent portion 21 and a second bent portion 22. A long girder horizontal portion 23 extending in the horizontal direction is formed between the first bent portion 21 and the second bent portion 22, and a long girder straight portion 24 extends from the first bent portion 21 in the upper left direction in the figure. It is extended. Further, a long girder vertical portion 25 extends downward from the second bent portion 22 in the figure.

  The first horizontal portion 15 of the rafter 3 is in contact with the long girder horizontal portion 23 as shown in FIGS.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the long girder straight portion 24 is substantially parallel to the lower surface 12 a of the first straight portion 12 of the nearest rafter 3. The long girder straight portion 24 is disposed along the lower surface 12a. The long-girder straight portion 24 and the lower surface 12a are in contact with each other between the flat surfaces, and are welded at the contacted portions. Easy to weld on a flat surface.

  The long girder vertical portion 25 is disposed along the outer surface 7a of the side structure 7 (see FIG. 4). By moving the long girder vertical portion 25 in the vertical direction along the outer surface 7a of the side structure 7, the roof structure 2 can be arranged at a position suitable for various vehicles. By bringing the long girder horizontal portion 23 close to the side structure 7, the rafter 3 and the side structure 7 can be brought close to each other, and the joint portion between the roof structure 2 and the side structure 7 can be strengthened.

  In the above description, the long girder 4 disposed at the right end of the rafter 3 has been described, but the long girder 5 disposed at the left end of the rafter 3 has the same shape as the long girder 4. The long girder 4 and the long girder 5 are arranged so as to be symmetrical (see FIG. 2A). The long girder 5 is disposed along the lower surface of the second linear portion 13 formed at the left end portion of the rafter 3 and the outer surface of the side structure 8.

  The roof structure 2 and the side structure 7 (side structure 8) are connected using a gusset 40 (see FIG. 2A). At the right end of the roof structure 2, the long girder 4 and the side structure 7 are connected using a gusset 40. At the left end of the roof structure 2, the long girder 5 and the side structure 8 are connected using a gusset 40.

(Gusset)
The gusset 40 is arrange | positioned at the lower surface side of the rafter 3 as shown in FIG. The gusset 40 includes a connection inclined portion 41 that is substantially parallel to the long-girder straight portion 24 and a connection vertical portion 42 that extends downward from the lower end of the connection inclined portion 41.

  The long-girder straight portion 24 and the connection inclined portion 41 are in contact with each other between the flat surfaces, and are welded at the contacted portions. The connection vertical portion 42 is disposed along the inner surface 7b of the side structure 7 (see FIG. 4).

  Next, a method for manufacturing the roof structure 2 and a method for attaching the roof structure 2 to the side structure 7 and the side structure 8 will be described with reference to FIGS.

  First, a method for manufacturing the rafter 3 will be described. The flat plate member 100 is bent in the width direction to form a Z shape as shown in FIG. At this stage, the plate member 100 is linear. Next, the plate material 100 is bent using the mold 50. As the mold 50, as shown in FIG. 6A, a mold whose upper surface is curved in a convex shape is used. The longitudinal length of the plate member 100 is longer than the length of the curved surface of the mold 50.

  The plate material 100 is bent along the upper surface of the mold 50 while holding both longitudinal ends of the plate material 100 (see FIG. 6B). Thereby, the rafter main body bending portion 11 is formed. The part held at the time of bending is linear. This portion becomes the first straight portion 12 and the second straight portion 13. The first wall portion 14 and the first horizontal portion 15 are formed at the tip of the first straight portion 12 by cutting or bending the tip portion of the first straight portion 12. Further, the second wall portion 16 and the second horizontal portion 17 are formed at the tip of the second straight portion 13 by cutting or bending the tip portion of the second straight portion 13. Thereby, the rafter 3 is obtained.

  Conventionally, after bending the plate material 100 using the mold 50 (see FIG. 6C), both longitudinal ends of the plate material 100 (corresponding to the first straight portion 12 and the second straight portion 13 of the present embodiment). The rafter main body curved portion 11 was used as a rafter (see FIG. 6D). However, in this embodiment, by leaving the first straight portion 12 and the second straight portion 13 on both sides of the rafter body bending portion 11, a straight portion is formed on the rafter 3 and the rafter length is made longer than before. Yes.

  In this embodiment, since the 1st straight line part 12 and the 2nd straight line part 13 remain, the yield improves rather than the past which cut off all the 1st straight line parts 12 and the 2nd straight line part 13. Moreover, in this embodiment, since the process of cutting off the 1st linear part 12 and the 2nd linear part 13 is unnecessary, the manufacturing process number of rafters can be decreased.

  Next, a method for assembling a roof structure using the rafter 3 will be described (roof structure assembling step). As shown in FIG. 7A, the rafter 3 is arranged on the long girder 4 and the long girder 5. At this time, at the right end portion of the rafter 3, the lower surface 12 a of the first straight portion 12 of the rafter 3 is in contact with the long girder straight portion 24, and the first horizontal portion 15 of the rafter 3 is in contact with the long girder horizontal portion 23. The first straight portion 12 and the first horizontal portion 15 are arranged (first arrangement step). Further, at the left end portion of the rafter 3, the lower surface 13 a of the second straight portion 13 of the rafter 3 is in contact with the long girder straight portion 24, and the second horizontal portion 17 of the rafter 3 is in contact with the long girder horizontal portion 23. The two straight line portions 13 and the second horizontal portion 17 are arranged (second arrangement step).

  Then, at the right end portion of the rafter 3, the long-girder straight portion 24 and the lower surface 12a of the rafter 3 are welded. Further, the long girder horizontal portion 23 and the first horizontal portion 15 are welded (see the first welding step, FIG. 7B).

  Further, at the left end portion of the rafter 3, the long girder straight portion 24 and the lower surface 13a of the rafter 3 are welded. Moreover, the long girder horizontal part 23 and the 2nd horizontal part 17 of the rafter 3 are welded (2nd welding process). Thereby, the roof structure 2 is assembled.

  Subsequently, the roof structure 2 is attached to the side structure 7 and the side structure 8.

  The long girder vertical portion 25 is in contact with the outer surface 7a of the side structure 7 at the right end portion of the roof structure 2, and the long girder vertical portion 25 is in contact with the outer surface 8a of the side structure 8 at the left end portion of the roof structure 2 ( 7 (c)), the roof structure 2 is arranged (roof structure arranging step, see FIG. 8 (a)). The long girder vertical portion 25 and the outer surface 7a of the side structure 7 are welded at the right end of the roof structure 2, and the long girder vertical portion 25 and the outer surface 8a of the side structure 8 are welded at the left end of the roof structure 2.

  Then, at the right end of the roof structure 2, the gusset 40 is arranged so that the connection inclined portion 41 of the gusset 40 is in contact with the long-girder straight portion 24 and the connection vertical portion 42 of the gusset 40 is in contact with the inner surface 7 b of the side structure 7. Deploy. The connection inclined portion 41 of the gusset 40 and the long girder straight portion 24 are welded, and the connection vertical portion 42 of the gusset 40 and the inner surface 7b of the side structure 7 are welded (third welding step, see FIG. 8B). As a result, the roof structure 2 is attached to the side structure 7.

  Further, at the left end portion of the roof structure 2, the gusset 40 is arranged so that the connection inclined portion 41 of the gusset 40 contacts the long-girder straight portion 24 and the connection vertical portion 42 of the gusset 40 contacts the inner surface 8 b of the side structure 8. Deploy. The connecting inclined portion 41 of the gusset 40 and the long girder straight portion 24 are welded, and the connecting vertical portion 42 of the gusset 40 and the inner surface 8b of the side structure 8 are welded (third welding step, see FIG. 8B). As a result, the roof structure 2 is attached to the side structure 8.

  Next, differences between the roof structure of the present embodiment and the conventional roof structure will be described. FIG. 9A illustrates a roof structure of the present embodiment, and FIG. 9B illustrates a conventional roof structure. This embodiment differs from the prior art in that 1) the longitudinal length of the rafter, 2) the configuration of the long girder, and 3) the presence or absence of a gusset connecting the rafter and the long girder. In addition, in FIG. 9 (a) and FIG.9 (b), the outer plate arrange | positioned on a rafter is abbreviate | omitted.

  The length L of the rafter 3 of this embodiment is longer than the length l of the conventional rafter 303. This is because the first straight portion 12 and the second straight portion 13 are formed on the rafter 3 of this embodiment, but the first straight portion 12 and the second straight portion 13 are formed on the conventional rafter 303. This is because there is not (see FIGS. 2A and 2B). Accordingly, the rafter 3 of this embodiment is longer than the conventional rafter 303 by the length of the first straight portion 12 and the length of the second straight portion 13, and accordingly, the rafter 3 of this embodiment is the conventional rafter. The rafter weight is heavier than 303.

  On the other hand, the width W of the long girder 4 and the width W of the long girder 5 in this embodiment are narrower than the width w of the conventional long girder 304 and the width w of the long girder 305. This is a simple configuration having the long girder straight portion 24, the long girder horizontal portion 23, and the long girder vertical portion 25 by bending the long girder 4 (long girder 5) of this embodiment at two locations. (Refer to FIG. 5) The conventional long girder 304 (long girder 305) has a complicated shape in which an inner inclined portion 321, an inclined portion 322, an outer inclined portion 323, and a vertical portion 324 are formed by bending at least three places. This is because the long digit 4 (long digit 5) of the present embodiment is smaller than the conventional long digit 304 (long digit 305) (see FIG. 10). Accordingly, the long digit 4 (long digit 5) of the present embodiment is lighter in weight than the conventional long digit 304 (long digit 305).

  Here, the rafters 3 and the rafters 303 are arranged at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction, but the long girders 4 and 5 and the long girders 304 and 305 are arranged in the entire longitudinal direction of the vehicle. Therefore, when looking at the roof structure 2 as a whole, the decrease amount of the long girder total weight arranged in the entire longitudinal direction is larger than the increase amount of the total rafter weight. Therefore, when the weight of the roof structure is compared between the present embodiment and the conventional one, the present embodiment is lighter than the conventional one.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the rafter 3 extends to the long girder horizontal portion 23 (see FIG. 4), and the rafter 3 and the side structure 7 (side structure 8) are closer to each other than in the prior art. By bringing the long girder horizontal portion 23 closer to the side structure 7 and the side structure 8, the rafter 3 can be further brought closer to the side structure 7 (side structure 8). On the other hand, in the conventional configuration, there is a distance between the rafter 303 and the side structure (see FIG. 10). A long girder 304 extends between the rafter 303 and the side structure, but the long girder 304 alone is weak in strength. In this embodiment, since the area | region where only a long digit exists can be eliminated, the connection strength of a roof structure and a side structure can be strengthened conventionally. As a result, the strength of the roof structure is further strengthened, so that the roof structure is unlikely to be detached from the side structure even when a side collision or the like occurs.

  Furthermore, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, since the horizontal portions (the long girder horizontal portion 23 and the first horizontal portion 15) serving as the reference surface are formed, the horizontal portions are the side structures 7 and 8. The rafter 3 can be brought closer to the side structure 7 (side structure 8). Thereby, since the connection strength between the roof structure and the side structure can be further strengthened, the roof structure is not easily detached from the side structure even if a side collision or the like occurs.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, since the rafter 3 and the long girder 4 (long girder 5) are directly connected (see FIG. 3C), a gusset for connecting them is unnecessary. Conventionally, the gusset 330 is used for connection with the long girder 4 (long girder 5) at the left and right ends of each rafter 303. Since many rafters 303 are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, a considerable number of gussets 330 are required. In the present embodiment, since these gussets 330 are unnecessary, the number of parts of the roof structure 2 can be significantly reduced as compared with the conventional case.

  As described above, the roof structure structure of the present embodiment has the following effects. The long girder 4 and the long girder 5 are bent at two places, the first bent portion 21 and the second bent portion 22, and a long girder horizontal portion 23 is formed between the two bent portions (21, 22). is there. A first horizontal portion 15 (second horizontal portion 17) is formed at the tip of the rafter 3, and the first horizontal portion 15 (second horizontal portion 17) is disposed along the long digit horizontal portion 23. When the vehicle is manufactured, the horizontal plane of the first horizontal portion 15 and the second horizontal portion 17 and the long girder horizontal portion 23 can be used as a reference. Further, by bringing these horizontal surfaces into contact with each other, misalignment between the rafter 3 and the long girder 4 (long girder 5) is less likely to occur, and the connection strength between the rafter 3 and the long girder 4 (long girder 5) is improved. To do. Furthermore, since the rafter 3 and the long girder 4 (long girder 5) can be directly connected on the horizontal plane, the gusset (FIG. 10) used to connect the rafter 3 and the long girder 4 (long girder 5) conventionally. The first gusset 330) is not necessary. Therefore, the number of parts of the roof structure 2 can be reduced, and the step of arranging the gusset can be omitted.

  Further, the first straight portion 12 and the second straight portion 13 that are linear are formed on the rafter 3, and the planes of the lower surface 12a (13a) of these straight portions and the long digit straight portion 24 are brought into contact with each other. Deviation is less likely to occur.

  Further, since the abutted portion is a horizontal portion or a flat portion, it is easy to perform a welding operation. In addition, misalignment between the rafter 3 and the long girder 4 (long girder 5) hardly occurs during welding.

  Furthermore, the 1st wall part 14 is formed in the right end part of the rafter 3 between the 1st linear part 12 and the 1st horizontal part 15 (refer FIG.3 (b) and FIG.3 (c)). By forming the first wall portion 14 having a larger inclination angle with respect to the horizontal direction than the first straight portion 12 at the tip of the first straight portion 12, the first horizontal portion 15 is connected to the base end (first end of the long digit horizontal portion 23. 1 bent portion 21). As a result, the length of the long girder horizontal portion 23 (length in the vehicle width direction) can be prevented from becoming long, so that the vehicle body width is not widened and can be installed in various vehicles.

  Even at the left end of the rafter 3, a second wall portion 16 is formed between the second straight portion 13 and the second horizontal portion 17 like the right end of the rafter 3 (see FIG. 2A). By forming the second wall portion 16 having a larger inclination angle with respect to the horizontal direction than the second straight portion 13 at the tip of the second straight portion 13, the length of the long girder horizontal portion 23 (length in the vehicle width direction) is increased. It can be made not to be long.

  Moreover, since the 1st wall part 14 and the 2nd wall part 16 of the rafter 3 are extended to the long girder horizontal part 23 (refer Fig.2 (a)), the edge part of the rafter 3 is made into the side structure 7 (side structure). 8). Thereby, since the area | region where only a long digit exists can be shortened, the connection strength of the roof structure 2 and the side structure 7 (side structure 8) can be improved.

  Further, when the assembled roof structure 2 is attached to the side structure 7 and the side structure 8, the roof structure 2 may be attached to the outer surface 7a (outer surface 8a) and the inner surface 7b (inner surface 8b) of the side structure 7 (side structure 8). Therefore, the roof structure 2 can be easily attached to the side structure 7 (side structure 8). Further, the shape of the roof structure and the width of the vehicle body can be obtained by moving the vertical part 25 of the long beam 4 (long beam 5) vertically along the outer surface 7a (outer surface 8a) of the side structure 7 (side structure 8). The roof structure of the present embodiment can also be used for vehicles having different values.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described based on drawing, it should be thought that a specific structure is not limited to these embodiment. The scope of the present invention is defined by the terms of the claims, rather than the description above, and includes all modifications within the scope and meaning equivalent to the terms of the claims.

  For example, in the first embodiment described above, the first straight portion 12 and the second straight portion 13 extend obliquely downward from both ends of the rafter body bending portion 11 (see FIG. 2). 12 and the second straight portion 13 may extend downward from both ends of the rafter body bending portion 11. In this case, the long girder straight portion 24 extends upward from the first bent portion 21 in the long girder 4 (long girder 5). Thereby, the 1st linear part 12 (2nd linear part 13) and the long digit linear part 24 contact | abut. It is easy to weld in the part where planes contacted.

  In the first embodiment described above, a rafter having a Z-shaped cross-section is used as the rafter 3, but a rafter having another cross-sectional shape may be used. For example, a rafter having a hat-shaped cross section may be used.

Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the angle θ _{1 with} respect to the horizontal direction of the first wall portion 14 is 90 degrees at the right end portion of the rafter 3, but the angle θ ₁ may be less than 90 degrees. Moreover, in the left end part of the rafter 3, the angle with respect to the horizontal direction of the 2nd wall part 16 is 90 degree | times, However, This angle may be less than 90 degree | times.

  Moreover, in the above-mentioned embodiment, although the 1st wall part 14 is formed between the 1st linear part 12 and the 1st horizontal part 15 in the right end part of the rafter 3 (refer FIG.3 (c)), The first wall portion 14 may not be formed. For example, the first straight portion 12 may extend to the long digit horizontal portion 23, and the first horizontal portion 15 may extend from the tip of the first straight portion 12. Further, in the left end portion of the rafter 3, the second wall portion 16 is formed between the second straight portion 13 and the second horizontal portion 17 in the above-described embodiment (see FIG. 2A). The second wall portion 16 may not be formed. For example, the second straight part 13 may extend to the long digit horizontal part 23, and the second horizontal part 17 may extend from the tip of the second straight part 13.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Railcar 2 Roof structure 3,303 Rafter 3A 1st step part 3B 2nd step part 4,5,304 Long girder 7,8 Side structure 11 Rafter main body curved part 12 First straight part 12a Lower surface 12b Upper surface 13 Second straight line Part 14 First wall part 15 First horizontal part 16 Second wall part 17 Second horizontal part 21 First bent part 22 Second bent part 23 Long girder horizontal part 24 Long girder straight part 25 Long girder vertical part 40 Gusset 330 First 1 gusset 340 2nd gusset

Claims (5)

It is a roof structure of a railway vehicle,
A plurality of rafters extending in the circumferential direction of the vehicle body and arranged apart in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle;
At least two long beams extending in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle at both longitudinal ends of the plurality of rafters,
The rafter is
A rafter body curved portion curved in a convex shape;
A first straight line portion and a second straight line portion respectively extending linearly from both ends of the rafter body curved portion;
A first horizontal portion connected to a lower end portion of the first straight portion and extending in a horizontal direction;
A second horizontal portion connected to the lower end of the second straight portion and extending in the horizontal direction;
The long girder is bent at the first bent portion and the second bent portion,
The long girder includes a long girder horizontal portion extending in a horizontal direction between the first bent portion and the second bent portion, and a lower surface of the first straight portion closest to the first bent portion or a second one. A linear long girder straight part extending in parallel to the lower surface of the straight part and a long girder vertical part extending downward from the second bent part are formed,
The first horizontal part and the second horizontal part are arranged along the long digit horizontal part,
The roof structure of a railway vehicle, wherein the long-girder straight part is disposed along a lower surface of the first straight part or a lower surface of the second straight part.   The roof structure structure according to claim 1, wherein both ends of the rafter extend to the horizontal portion of the long girder. The rafter is
A first wall portion formed between the first straight portion and the first horizontal portion and having a larger inclination angle with respect to the horizontal direction than the first straight portion;
2. A second wall portion formed between the second straight portion and the second horizontal portion and having a larger inclination angle with respect to the horizontal direction than the second straight portion. Or the roof structure structure of 2.   The roof structure structure according to claim 3, wherein the first wall portion and the second wall portion extend to the long girder horizontal portion. A roof structure assembling process for assembling a roof structure comprising a rafter and long girders arranged at both longitudinal ends of the rafter, and a roof structure attaching process for attaching the roof structure assembled in the roof structure assembling process to a side structure; A method of manufacturing a railway vehicle having
The rafter is
A rafter body curved portion curved in a convex shape;
A first straight line portion and a second straight line portion respectively extending linearly from both ends of the rafter body curved portion;
A first horizontal portion connected to a lower end portion of the first straight portion and extending in a horizontal direction;
A second horizontal portion connected to the lower end of the second straight portion and extending in the horizontal direction;
The long girder is bent at the first bent portion and the second bent portion,
The long girder includes a long girder horizontal portion extending in a horizontal direction between the first bent portion and the second bent portion, and a lower surface of the first straight portion closest to the first bent portion or a second one. A linear long girder straight part extending in parallel to the lower surface of the straight part and a long girder vertical part extending downward from the second bent part are formed,
The roof structure assembly process includes
At one longitudinal end of the rafter,
A first arrangement in which the first straight portion and the first horizontal portion are arranged such that the lower surface of the first straight portion is in contact with the long girder straight portion and the first horizontal portion is in contact with the long girder horizontal portion. And a first welding step of welding the long girder horizontal part and the first horizontal part,
At the other longitudinal end of the rafter, the second straight portion and the second straight portion so that the lower surface of the second straight portion is in contact with the long-girder straight portion and the second horizontal portion is in contact with the long-girder horizontal portion. A second long girder arranging step of arranging a second horizontal portion; and a second welding step of welding the long girder horizontal portion and the second horizontal portion;
The roof structure attaching process includes
A roof structure arranging step of arranging the roof structure along the side structure so that the long girder vertical portion is in contact with the side structure, and a third welding step of welding the long girder vertical portion and the side structure. A method of manufacturing a railway vehicle characterized by the above.

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