JP6486746B2 - Thin wall manufacturing method and cutting apparatus - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a thin-walled part by simultaneously cutting a work material using a drill and an outer diameter cutting tool.

  Conventionally, simultaneous cutting in which inner diameter cutting with a drill and outer diameter cutting with a cutting tool are simultaneously performed has been studied in order to shorten the processing time in cutting a work material.

  In Patent Document 1, there is a method in which the inner diameter and the outer diameter are simultaneously cut under optimum conditions by rotating one of the main shaft and the rotary tool shaft with a specified rotational difference with respect to the rotation of the main shaft or the rotary tool shaft. A method is described in which the inner diameter and the outer diameter are simultaneously cut while changing the cutting conditions and the cutting position in accordance with the diameter shape.

  Patent Document 2 discloses a method for simultaneously cutting an inner diameter and an outer diameter, in which the outer diameter cutting bit is fixed at a position retracted from the drill, and the vibration of the workpiece being cut is regulated by the outer diameter cutting bit. It is disclosed.

JP 2-250701 (page 2-4, Fig. 1) JP-A-2-243202 (page 3-5, FIG. 13)

  However, in the simultaneous machining method described in Patent Document 1, when the outer diameter cutting position is cut before the drilling cutting position, there is a problem that puncture of the product occurs due to drilling of the drill, and the dimensional accuracy deteriorates. there were.

  In addition, when the outer diameter cutting position described in Patent Document 2 is behind the drilling position, there is a problem that distortion is generated in the product because stress is applied from the outside in a state where the hole has already been opened.

  The present invention has been made in view of these problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a thin-walled part having no distortion or swelling on the outer surface. .

The present invention relates to a work material fixing step for fixing a work material to a chuck, a drill for drilling in the feed direction of the work material, and an outer diameter cutting for abutting the outer surface of the work material to perform outer diameter processing. An alignment process of aligning the cutting tool with the work material, a simultaneous cutting process of rotating the work material, and simultaneously cutting the drill and the outer diameter cutting tool by simultaneously applying the work to the work material; in the method for manufacturing a thin-walled components with a drill has a margin at the alignment step, the cutting edge of the margin and the outer径切cutting bytes, see clamping the workpiece on the same vertical line of the shaft rotation of the workpiece, the In the rotation direction of the cutting material, the positional relationship is such that the cutting edge of the outer diameter cutting tool is placed behind the end of the drill blade, and simultaneous cutting is performed while maintaining the positional relationship in the simultaneous cutting process. , Is characterized by.

According to the present invention, since the margin of the drill and the cutting edge of the outer diameter cutting bit are located on the vertical line of the rotating shaft of the work material, the blisters generated by drilling can be removed. Further, since the work material is sandwiched between the drill margin and the outer diameter cutting tool on the same vertical line of the rotation axis of the work material, the stress is not biased to one side, so that distortion does not occur.
Thereby, in addition to shortening the processing time, it is possible to manufacture a thin part with high dimensional accuracy from which the swelling is removed without generating distortion.

It is a schematic block diagram of the processing apparatus by this invention. It is a tip view of a drill in the alignment process of the present invention. It is a flowchart which shows the manufacturing process by this invention. It is a schematic partial enlarged view of the AA cross section of FIG. 1 which shows the state at the time of the process in the simultaneous cutting process of this invention.

  The configuration of the cutting device 17 will be described with reference to FIG. The cutting device 17 has a spindle 4 on a spindle stock 2 provided on the left side of the bed 1, and further has a chuck 5 attached to the tip of the spindle 4 to transmit the rotational power of the spindle motor 3. Yes. The work material W is sandwiched and fixed by the chuck 5.

  Further, the cutting device 17 has an inner tool table 6 on the bed 1 that can be moved to the X axis and the Z axis shown in FIG. 1 by NC control of an NC control device (not shown) via an intermediate stand (not shown). Have. A drill 8 is detachably attached to the inner diameter tool table 6 via a sleeve 7. Here, the Z-axis is the direction of the rotation axis of the work material, and the X-axis is the direction orthogonal to the Z-axis on the paper surface in FIG.

  On the bed 1, a tool post 9 is provided that can be moved to the X axis and the Z axis by NC control by an NC control device via an intermediate platform. A tool holder 10 is attached to the tool post 9, and an outer-diameter cutting tool 11 that can be attached and detached is provided at the tip thereof.

  Here, a drill is further demonstrated using FIG. FIG. 2 is a front view of the drill 8 as viewed from the Z-axis direction of FIG. The drill 8 continuously extends in the rotation direction T of the work material from the end portion 14 a of the blade 14, protrudes from the outer surface portion 15 of the drill positioned along the inner wall surface of the work material W, and enters the inside of the work material W. A margin 12 in contact with the wall surface is provided. Since the margin 12 serves as a guide for the drill 8 at the time of cutting, unstable vibration of the drill 8 can be suppressed and more precise processing can be performed. Furthermore, the margin 12 is used in the present invention to prevent distortion of the work material, which will be described later.

Next, a method for manufacturing a thin-walled part will be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 2, and 4 in each step using the flowchart of FIG.
First, in step S1, as shown in FIG. 1, a cylindrical workpiece W is gripped by the chuck 5 so as not to be shaken or detached during cutting.

  Next, in step S2, the tool is aligned. First, the tip of the drill 8 is brought into contact with the rotation center of the end surface of the work material W, and initial values of the X coordinate and the Z coordinate of the drill 8 are set. Next, the drill 8 is fixed so that the margin 12 faces the cutting edge 13 of the outer diameter cutting bit 11 in the front end view. Next, the cutting edge 13 of the outer diameter cutting bit 11 is brought into contact with the margin 12 of the drill 8 to set the initial values of the X and Z coordinates of the outer diameter cutting bit 11. Finally, the outer diameter cutting bit 11 is separated from the drill 8 so as to obtain the desired thickness dimension value of the product, and the alignment is completed. At this time, as shown in FIG. 11 cutting edges 13 are located on the same perpendicular line P of the rotation axis S of the work material W.

  Further, as a method of aligning other tools, first, similarly to the above-described alignment method, the tip of the drill 8 is brought into contact with the rotation center of the end surface of the work material W, and the X coordinate of the drill 8 and After setting the initial value of the Z coordinate, the drill 8 is fixed so that the margin 12 faces the direction of the cutting edge 13 of the outer diameter cutting bit 11 in the front end view. At this time, the X coordinate and Z coordinate of the margin 12 are also determined based on the dimensions of the drill that have been measured in advance. Based on this, the X coordinate of the cutting edge 13 of the outer diameter cutting tool 11 is determined by adding the desired thickness dimension of the product to the X coordinate of the margin 12. Further, the Z-axis coordinate of the cutting edge 13 of the outer diameter cutting bit 11 is equal to the Z coordinate of the margin 12. Then, the outer diameter cutting bit 11 is moved so that the cutting edge 13 of the outer diameter cutting bit 11 comes to the determined X coordinate and Z coordinate point of the cutting edge 13 of the outer diameter cutting bit 11. At this time, the margin 12 and the cutting edge 13 of the outer diameter cutting bit 11 are located on the same perpendicular line P of the rotation axis S of the work material W as in the above-described alignment method.

  Next, in step S3, the work material W is rotated at an arbitrary rotational speed, and the margin 12 of the drill 8 and the cutting edge 13 of the outer diameter cutting bit 11 are on the same perpendicular line P of the rotation axis S of the work material W. In the state where the positional relationship is in the state, the drill 8 and the outer diameter cutting bit 11 are moved at the same feed speed to start simultaneous cutting. The reason why the work material W is not distorted and the blisters are removed at this time will be described with reference to FIG.

When the work material W is cut with the blade 14 of the drill 8, the swelling 16 is generated in a region facing the end portion 14 a of the blade 14 on the outer surface W <b> 1 of the work material W due to the cutting stress. However, since the blade edge 13 of the outer diameter cutting bit 11 is behind the end portion 14 a of the blade 14 of the drill 8 in the rotation direction T, the swelling 16 is removed at the same time as the outer diameter cutting by the outer diameter cutting bit 11. Is done.
Further, by making the margin 12 in contact with the inner wall surface W <b> 2 of the work material W and the outer diameter cutting bit 11 in such a positional relationship, the action F <b> 1 that is stress from the outer diameter cutting bit 11 is applied to the margin 12 of the drill 8. Is counteracted by the reaction F2. Thereby, distortion of the work material W can be prevented.

  As long as the margin 12 and the cutting edge 13 of the outer diameter cutting bit 11 maintain the positional relationship such that the margin 12 and the cutting edge 13 of the workpiece W are positioned on the same perpendicular line P of the rotation axis S of the workpiece W, the outer diameter cutting bit 11 and the drill 8 The relative position may vary.

  In this case, for example, if the margin 12 and the cutting edge 13 of the outer diameter cutting bit 11 are on the same vertical line P of the rotation axis S of the work material W, the outer diameter cutting bit 11 is controlled in the X-axis direction by NC control. Cutting may be performed while applying vibration at an arbitrary frequency.

  Further, if the margin 12 and the cutting edge 13 of the outer diameter cutting tool 11 are on the same perpendicular line P of the rotation axis S of the work material W, the feed rate may not be the same, and the drill 8 or the outer diameter is controlled by NC control. The cutting tool 11 or both may be cut while applying vibration at an arbitrary frequency in the Z-axis direction.

  Thus, by cutting while vibrating the drill 8 or the outer diameter cutting bit 11 at an arbitrary frequency in the X-axis or Z-axis direction, the cutting progresses intermittently, and the chips can be divided. Thereby, the risk of damaging thin-walled parts can be suppressed by long and continuous chips, and deterioration of quality can be prevented.

  Finally, when the cutting process is completed, the cutting is finished in step S4. At that time, the work material is cut with a parting tool (not shown) as necessary.

In the manufacturing method according to the present embodiment, the cutting is performed by applying a drill and an outer diameter cutting tool to the rotated work material. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the work material is fixed and the margin of the drill is obtained. Alternatively, the cutting may be performed by rotating the cutting tool so that the cutting edge of the outer diameter cutting tool is on the same vertical line as the rotation axis of the drill.
Further, in the simultaneous cutting process, depending on the shape of the part to be manufactured, it may be processed so as to have a machining area that is not cut simultaneously in the machining process of one product, or the margin of the drill and the cutting edge of the outer diameter cutting tool are covered. You may process so that the process area | region which is not on the same perpendicular line of the rotating shaft of a cutting material may be provided.

1 bed 2 headstock 3 spindle motor 4 spindle 5 chuck 6 inner diameter tool rest 7 sleeve 8 drill 9 tool post 10 tool holder 11 outer diameter cutting tool 12 margin 13 cutting edge 14 blade 14a edge 15 of drill 15 outer surface 16 of drill 17 Cutting device W Work material S Rotating axis P Same perpendicular

Claims (5)

A work material fixing process for fixing the work material to the chuck;
A positioning step of aligning a drill for drilling in the feed direction of the work material and an outer diameter cutting tool for abutting the outer surface of the work material to perform outer diameter processing with respect to the work material When,
In the method of manufacturing a thin-walled component, the method includes rotating the workpiece and simultaneously cutting the drill and the outer diameter cutting bite simultaneously with the workpiece to perform cutting.
The drill has a margin;
In said positioning step, the margin between the cutting edge of the outer径切cutting bytes, the look clamping the workpiece on the same vertical line of the rotation axis of the workpiece, in the rotation direction of the workpiece, the drill The positional relationship is such that the cutting edge of the outer diameter cutting tool is arranged behind the edge of the blade ,
Performing simultaneous cutting while maintaining the positional relationship in the simultaneous cutting step;
A method for manufacturing a thin-walled part. Performing simultaneous cutting while vibrating at least one of the drill and the outer diameter cutting bite in a predetermined direction in the simultaneous cutting step;
The method for manufacturing a thin part according to claim 1. In the simultaneous cutting step, performing the simultaneous cutting while vibrating the outer diameter cutting tool in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the work material,
The method for manufacturing a thin-walled part according to claim 1 or 2. Performing simultaneous cutting while vibrating at least one of the drill and the outer diameter cutting bite in the direction of the rotation axis of the work material in the simultaneous cutting step;
The method for manufacturing a thin-walled part according to claim 1 or 2. A chuck for fixing the work material, a drill having a margin, for drilling in the feed direction of the work material, and an outer diameter cutting tool for abutting the outer surface of the work material and performing outer diameter processing Have
The margin and the cutting edge of the outer diameter cutting tool sandwich the work material on the same vertical line of the rotation axis of the work material, and are behind the end of the drill blade in the rotation direction of the work material. Is a positional relationship such that the cutting edge of the outer diameter cutting tool is disposed,
Rotating the work material while maintaining the positional relationship, and simultaneously performing the drilling process by the drill and the outer shape process by the outer diameter cutting tool on the work material,
A cutting device characterized by the above.

Images