JP6484663B2 - Boiler equipment - Google Patents

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a boiler apparatus that performs boiling using a combustion furnace having a storage tank that is a primary combustion chamber for charging a material to be incinerated from an upper inlet and depositing and storing it from the bottom. The present invention relates to a boiler device that can efficiently perform boiling water.

  Patent Document 1 discloses an exhaust heat hot water tank that has a heat exchanger in a chimney of a combustion furnace and stores hot water boiled in the heat exchanger in a hot water tank. The hot water tank is disposed on the ceiling of the combustion furnace.

  Patent Document 2 discloses a boiler that has a plurality of heat exchanging units and generates steam. This type of boiler is large in size, and does not supply, deposit, and store the material to be incinerated from above.

  Patent Document 3 discloses a boiler of a type in which a plurality of heat exchangers are stacked in the vertical direction. This boiler is a vertical type and is a large apparatus using gas, and does not supply, deposit, and store the material to be incinerated from above.

JP-A-8-178425 JP 2005-241075 A JP 2002-181303 A

  As described above, there are few conventional boiler apparatuses having a type of combustion furnace portion that accumulates and stores incineration target material. And in the boiler apparatus which has a combustion furnace part of the type which accumulates and stores incineration material, the thing which is devised to utilize combustion heat efficiently is not seen.

  The present invention has been made in view of the problems of the boiler apparatus as described above, and its purpose is to have a combustion furnace portion of a type that accumulates and stores incineration target material and efficiently. It is providing the boiler apparatus which can obtain warm water using combustion heat.

The boiler apparatus according to the present invention is a storage tank that is a primary combustion chamber for charging a material to be incinerated from an upper inlet and depositing and storing it from the bottom, and the material to be incinerated stored in the storage tank An ignition burner that ignites the bottom of the storage tank, and a connecting port formed on the side wall on the bottom side of the storage tank, is connected to the storage tank, and burns combustible gas generated by combustion of the incinerated material in the storage tank A secondary combustion chamber that leads to the upper chimney direction, a bottom portion that is in contact with the bottom of the communication port from below, a middle portion that is in contact with the ceiling of the communication port from above, and a further upper portion of the middle portion A hot water chamber in which the side wall on the storage tank side of the upper part portion is provided in contact with the outer wall of the storage tank and heats and discharges water supplied from the water supply port. And the outside of the chimney Has a water chamber, characterized in that it comprises in that it comprises a heat exchanger to output the heated water supplied from the inlet.

  In the boiler apparatus according to the present invention, the heat exchanger is provided with a water inlet at a lower portion thereof, and is provided with a water outlet at an upper portion thereof, and the water heating chamber is provided with a water supply inlet at a lower portion thereof. The drainage port is provided in the upper part, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

In the boiler device according to the present invention, a first pipe is connected to the drain port of the water heater chamber, a second pipe is connected to an outlet of the heat exchanger, and the first pipe and the second pipe are connected. This is characterized in that hot water is led to the supply destination.

In the boiler device according to the present invention, the secondary combustion chamber is
A lower secondary combustion chamber that is connected to the storage tank via a communication port formed on a bottom side wall of the storage tank, and burns combustible gas generated by combustion of the incineration target material in the storage tank; Provided in the upper part of the lower secondary combustion chamber, performs secondary combustion and takes in combustible gas generated up to the lower secondary combustion chamber from the outer peripheral side of the bottom part, collides with the ceiling part and descends And an upper secondary combustion chamber that is led from the central opening of the ceiling portion to the upper chimney direction.

  In the boiler apparatus according to the present invention, an incineration burner is provided.

  The boiler apparatus according to the present invention includes a blower for sending air into the chimney.

In the boiler device according to the present invention, a secondary that is coupled to the storage tank via a communication port formed on the side wall on the bottom side of the storage tank and burns combustible gas generated by combustion of the incineration target material in the storage tank. A combustion chamber is provided. In addition, it has a bottom part portion that comes into contact with the bottom part of the communication port from below, a middle part part that comes into contact with the ceiling part of the communication port from above, and an upper part part that is provided further above the middle part part, A side wall on the storage tank side in contact with the outside of the communication port is provided in contact with an outer wall of the storage tank, and a hot water chamber for heating and discharging water supplied from the water supply port is provided. ing. Furthermore, it has a water storage chamber in contact with the outside of the chimney, and includes a heat exchanger that heats and supplies water supplied from the inlet. That is, there is an effect that hot water can be obtained efficiently by using the heat of combustion by the hot water chamber and the heat exchanger.

The sectional view which looked at the embodiment of the boiler device concerning the present invention from the side. Sectional drawing which looked at the upper secondary combustion chamber in embodiment of the boiler apparatus which concerns on this invention from the side. Sectional drawing which looked at the storage tank in embodiment of the boiler apparatus which concerns on this invention from upper direction. Sectional drawing which looked at the lower secondary combustion chamber in embodiment of the boiler apparatus which concerns on this invention from upper direction. Sectional drawing which looked at the upper secondary combustion chamber in embodiment of the boiler apparatus which concerns on this invention from upper direction. The front view of the external air intake port in embodiment of the boiler apparatus which concerns on this invention. AA sectional drawing of FIG. The flowchart which shows the outline | summary of the operation | movement regarding the combustion furnace in embodiment of the boiler apparatus which concerns on this invention. The side view of the hot water chamber in embodiment of the boiler apparatus which concerns on this invention. The front view of the water heater chamber in embodiment of the boiler apparatus which concerns on this invention. The flowchart which shows the outline | summary of the hot water operation in embodiment of the boiler apparatus which concerns on this invention.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a boiler device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted. The boiler device according to the present embodiment is configured as shown in FIG. That is, the boiler apparatus according to the present embodiment includes a storage tank 21 that is a primary combustion chamber for charging the material 11 to be incinerated from the upper inlet 22 and depositing and storing it from the bottom 23.

  The incineration target material 11 is preferably wood chips or rice husks. However, if the water content is about 30% or less, dust (waste) or the like is allowed. In the storage tank 21, the opening of the charging port 22 is formed to be much larger than the bottom area of the bottom 23, and the opening area of the charging port 22 can be about four times the bottom area of the bottom 23.

  The inlet 22 is provided with a lid 24 having a square plan shape. A hinge 28 is provided on one side on the back side of the lid 24, and an ear-shaped piece 32 for fixing the wire 31 is formed on two sides orthogonal to the one side on the back side. The wire 31 is wound around a winding rod 35 that is rotated by a motor 34 through a pulley 33 that is provided between two support columns provided upright on the outer side of the side of the boiler device and coupled to a pipe. Since it has such a configuration, when the motor 34 is rotated in a direction in which the wire 31 is wound around the winding rod 35 by a controller (not shown), the ear-shaped piece 32 is pulled by the wire 31 and the hinge 28 is provided. The insertion port 22 is opened by rotating around one side of the lid 24 as shown by the arrow X. Conversely, when the motor 34 is rotated in a direction in which the wire 31 is pulled out from the take-up rod 35 by a controller (not shown), the ear-shaped piece 32 side of the lid 24 descends in the direction opposite to the arrow X and closes the inlet 22 . Thus, in this embodiment, the lid opening / closing means for opening and closing the lid 24 is provided.

  An ignition burner 38 is provided at the bottom 23 on the front side of the storage tank 21 so that it can be inserted and removed. The ignition burner 38 ignites the bottom of the incineration target material 11 stored in the storage tank 21. After ignition, the ignition burner 38 is placed on a slide base 39 for retracting the ignition burner 38 from the storage tank 21. A shutter for closing the hole after the ignition burner 38 is retracted from the storage tank 21 is provided in the hole for inserting and removing the tip of the ignition burner 38 into the storage tank 21.

  A communication port 41 is formed on the side wall of the storage tank 21 on the bottom 23 side. The communication port 41 can be formed, for example, in a rectangular tube shape in the lateral direction. A lower secondary combustion chamber 42 is coupled to the storage tank 21 via a communication port 41. The communication port 41 is provided with a grate that prevents movement of the material 11 to be incinerated from the storage tank 21 to the lower secondary combustion chamber 42. The lower secondary combustion chamber 42 is formed by a rectangular cylindrical side wall extending upward. With such a configuration, heat and combustible gas necessary for combustion arrives in the lower secondary combustion chamber 42 from the storage tank 21 side via the grate, and a part of the combustible gas is in the lower secondary combustion chamber 42. Burn.

  An upper secondary combustion chamber 43 for taking in combustible gas generated up to the lower secondary combustion chamber 42 and directing it upward is provided at the upper portion of the lower secondary combustion chamber 42. The upper secondary combustion chamber 43 has a rectangular housing shape and includes a bottom plate 44 and a ceiling plate 45 as shown in a cross-sectional view in FIG.

  A circular opening 46 is formed at the center of the ceiling plate 45, and a cylindrical sleeve 47 protruding from the peripheral edge of the opening 46 toward the inside of the upper secondary combustion chamber 43 is formed. . On the other hand, a hole 48 for taking in combustible gas is formed in the outer peripheral portion of the bottom plate 44. With this configuration, the upper secondary combustion chamber 43 takes in the combustible gas generated up to the lower secondary combustion chamber 42 from the hole 48 on the outer peripheral side of the bottom plate 44 and causes it to collide with the ceiling plate 45 upward. It functions so as to be guided from the opening 46 which is the central opening of the ceiling plate 45 to the upper chimney direction after being lowered. That is, the combustible gas is guided as indicated by the arrow Y. A plurality of holes 48 may be formed in the outer peripheral portion of the bottom plate 44.

  The upper secondary combustion chamber 43 functions as a secondary combustion chamber above the lower secondary combustion chamber 42. For this reason, a hole 52 for inserting the tip of the incinerator burner 51 is formed in the side wall of the upper secondary combustion chamber 43, and a flange 53 is provided on the outer wall outside the hole 52.

  On the outside of the opening 46 of the ceiling plate 45 in the upper secondary combustion chamber 43, a pedestal 54 for mounting and coupling the chimney 61 is attached. In the present embodiment, the upper secondary combustion chamber 43 is a single layer, but in the case of a plurality of layers, the pedestal 54 is moved to the upper surface of the ceiling plate 45 near the left and right side walls in the lower secondary combustion chamber 43. Deploy. Thus, a vacant space is created between the upper layer and the lower layer by the pedestal 54, and the combustible gas reaches the vacant chamber through the opening 46 which is the central opening of the ceiling plate 45 of the upper secondary combustion chamber 43 in the lower layer. Further, the combustible gas is taken into the upper secondary combustion chamber 43 from the hole 48 on the outer peripheral side of the bottom plate 44 in the upper secondary combustion chamber 43 from this empty chamber.

  As described above, the lower secondary combustion chamber 42 and the upper secondary combustion chamber 43 are coupled to the storage tank 21 through the communication port 41 formed on the side wall on the bottom side of the storage tank 21, and the storage tank It functions as a secondary combustion chamber that burns combustible gas generated by combustion of the incineration target material 11 in the tank 21 and guides it toward the upper chimney 61.

  As described above, the base 54 is attached to the outside of the opening 46 of the ceiling plate 45 in the upper secondary combustion chamber 43. A chimney 61 is coupled to the pedestal 54. A mounting table 62 that extends in the horizontal direction is provided at a position a predetermined distance above the chimney 61 from the upper surface of the ceiling plate 45 of the upper secondary combustion chamber 43. The mounting table 62 includes two columns supporting the pipe penetrating the pulley 33 described above, and the two columns on the mounting table 62 opposite to the two columns via the chimney 61. A blower 65 is attached at a position away from the center. A pipe 66 extends upward from the blower 65 and enters the chimney 61. With this configuration, the blower 65 sends an air flow that rapidly cools the exhaust gas at about 800 ° C. to about 200 ° C. or less in the chimney 61.

  As shown in FIG. 3, which is a cross-sectional view of the bottom 23 side as viewed from above the storage tank 21, the position is close to the bottom of the storage tank 21, and the center of the left wall and the two left and right sides of the front center Outside air intake ports 71 to 74 that take in outside air are provided in the central portion of the portion and the right wall. As shown in FIG. 4, which is a cross-sectional view of the bottom side of the lower secondary combustion chamber 42 as viewed from above, it is located near the bottom of the lower secondary combustion chamber 42 and has a central portion on the left wall and a central portion on the right wall. The part is provided with outside air intake ports 75 to 76 that take in outside air. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, which is a cross-sectional view of the bottom side of the upper secondary combustion chamber 43 as viewed from above, there is an outside air between the central portion of the left wall and the central portion of the right wall of the upper secondary combustion chamber 43. Outside air intake ports 77 to 78 are provided. These outside air intake ports 71 to 78 can have the same configuration.

  The configuration of the outside air intake ports 71 to 78 will be described with reference to the outside air intake port 71 with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7. The opening 81 of the outside air inlet 71 protrudes outward, and the end surface is formed as a flange. A lid body 82 is provided on the flange of the opening 81 so as to be rotatable by a rotation shaft. The lid body 82 is provided with a handle 83 for rotating the lid body 82 about the rotation shaft 88. At a position slightly advanced (for example, 50 mm to 80 mm) from the opening 81 into the storage tank 21, the lower secondary combustion chamber 42, or the upper secondary combustion chamber 43, so as to protrude from the inside of the chamber wall. A flat plate 85 is fixed to the provided stud 84. The flat plate 85 has a through-hole 86 for flowing air. The flat plate 85 is configured to be smaller than the wall surface of the chamber. For this reason, the outside air is configured so as to flow into the interior after once hitting the flat plate 85 which is a direct inflow preventing means provided on the front surface.

  The storage tank 21, the lower secondary combustion chamber 42, and the upper secondary combustion chamber 43 are preferably provided with thermometers, carbon dioxide gas, dioxin sensors, and the like so that the temperature can be confirmed from the outside. . Moreover, it is preferable that the storage tank 21, the lower secondary combustion chamber 42, and the upper secondary combustion chamber 43 are provided with a window and an inspection door for looking inside.

Reference numeral 90 denotes a hot water chamber. The hot water chamber 90 is provided in contact with the outside of the communication port 41 and in contact with the outer wall of the storage tank 21 on the communication port 41 side, and heats and discharges water supplied from the water supply port 91. . As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the hot water chamber 90 includes a bottom portion 92 that contacts the bottom of the connection port 41 from below, a middle portion 93 that contacts the ceiling of the connection port 41 from above, and a middle portion. 93 and an upper portion portion 94 provided on the upper side.

A pipe 95 extending from the water supply port 91 is provided in the bottom portion 92. The water supplied from the water supply port 91 reaches the pipe 95 and flows out into the bottom portion 92 from a hole formed in the upper part of the pipe 95 in the longitudinal direction. The water that has flowed into the bottom portion 92 reaches the upper middle portion 93 through the flow path portion 96 located on the side of the communication port 41 .

  A partition plate 97 having a hole is provided between the middle part 93 and the upper part 94. Therefore, when the middle portion 93 is filled with water, water flows into the upper portion 94 through the hole of the partition plate 97, and then the upper portion 94 is filled with water.

  Three pipes 98 are connected to the outlet of the ceiling portion in the upper part 94 so as to extend upward. The three pipes are connected to a drain pipe 99 extending in the lateral direction. For this reason, when the upper part 94 is filled with water, the water is discharged through the three pipes 98 and the drainage pipe 99.

  1 in FIG. 1 is a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger 100 has a cylindrical water storage chamber 101 in contact with the outside of the chimney 61, and heats and supplies water supplied from the inlet 102. The heat exchanger 100 includes a cylindrical heating unit 103 inside the chimney 61. The heating unit 103 and the water storage chamber 101 are communicated with each other by upper communication pipes 104 and 104 at the upper part, and are communicated by lower communication pipes 105 and 105 at the lower part.

  A discharge pipe 106 is connected to the upper outlet of the water storage chamber 101, and the hot water in the water storage chamber 101 is discharged to the discharge pipe 106. In the heat exchanger 100 having the above configuration, when water is supplied from the inlet 102, it is accumulated in the lower part of the water storage chamber 101, and is also accumulated in the lower part of the heating unit 103 via the lower connecting pipes 105, 105. Go. As the supply of water proceeds, the water is accumulated in the water storage chamber 101 and the heating unit 103 and the water level rises. When the water reaches the top of the water storage chamber 101, it is discharged to the discharge pipe 106.

  The drainage pipe 106 is coupled to the drainage pipe 99 on the side of the hot water chamber 90 at the coupling portion 108 via the pipe 107. A pipe 109 is connected to the coupling portion 108, and a pipe 110 is connected to the pipe 109, and hot water is guided to the supply destination via the discharge side common coupling portion 111.

That is, a pipe 98 and a drain pipe 99 which are first pipes are connected to the drain port of the water heating chamber 90, and a drain pipe 106 and a pipe 107 which are second pipes are connected to the outlet of the heat exchanger 100. Then, the pipe 98 and the drain pipe 99 that are the first pipe and the drain pipe 106 and the pipe 107 that are the second pipe are coupled to each other at the coupling portion 108, and hot water is guided to the supply destination.

  A supply side common coupling portion 112 is provided adjacent to the discharge side common coupling portion 111, and for example, tap water is supplied to the supply side common coupling portion 112. Water is supplied from the supply side common coupling portion 112 to the inlet 102 of the heat exchanger 100 through the pipes 113 and 114. Further, water is supplied from the supply side common coupling portion 112 to the water supply port 92 through the pipes 115 and 116.

  In the boiler apparatus configured as described above, combustion proceeds in the procedure shown in the flowchart of FIG. The lid 24 of the charging port 22 is opened and the material 11 to be incinerated is put into the storage tank 21, for example, the lid 24 is closed after it is full (S11). The opening degree of the outside air intake ports 71 to 78 is adjusted, the air supply by the blower 65 is started, the ignition burner 38 is ignited, and the incineration burner 51 is ignited (S12). When the incineration target material 11 is ignited by a thermometer or the like and combustion can be confirmed in the lower secondary combustion chamber 42 or the like, the ignition burner 38 is retracted (S13).

  Hereinafter, the combustion state is confirmed with a thermometer, etc., and if necessary, the opening degree of the outside air inlets 71 to 75 may be adjusted. If necessary, the lid 24 of the inlet port 22 is opened to be incinerated. The material 11 may be put into the storage tank 21. Furthermore, when ending combustion, it waits for the incineration target material 11 to completely burn and extinguish naturally, or the openness of the outside air inlets 71 to 75 is completely closed to extinguish the incinerator burner 51, It is possible to wait for complete extinguishing while checking with a thermometer or the like (S14).

  In contrast, the water supply and supply stop control for the water heating chamber 90 and the heat exchanger 100 are performed as shown in the flowchart of FIG. That is, water supply is started by a predetermined amount before a predetermined time when ignition by the ignition burner 38 is performed (S21). Then, it waits for the fire to be extinguished on the combustion furnace side (S22).

  When it is detected in step S22 that the fire has been extinguished, the supply of water is stopped after the elapse of a predetermined time from this time (S23).

  As described above, the combustible gas generated in the storage tank 21 depends on the position and configuration of the storage tank 21, the lower secondary combustion chamber 42, the upper secondary combustion chamber 43, the chimney 61, the blower 65, and the outside air intake ports 71 to 75. Then, it proceeds vigorously to the lower secondary combustion chamber 42 and the upper secondary combustion chamber 43 and is combusted to become exhaust gas, which is discharged from the chimney 61. It is possible to prevent the combustible gas generated in the storage tank 21 from flowing to the charging port 22 and to easily supply a new incineration target material 11 during combustion with high efficiency while being small.

  Further, the configuration of the outside air intake ports 71 to 75 is configured such that the outside air is once applied to the flat plate 85 which is a direct inflow preventing means provided in front of the outside air intake ports 71 to 75 and then flows into the inside. As a result, it is warmed by hitting the warmed flat plate 85 inside. Since this warmed outside air enters the room, the introduced outside air does not lower the temperature, and efficient combustion can be ensured.

  Furthermore, hot water is obtained using the water heating chamber 90 and the heat exchanger 100, so that heat can be used without waste. In particular, it is extremely efficient because the hot water chamber 90 obtains heat from the portion of the communication port 41 between the storage tank 21 and the secondary combustion chamber and heats it.

In addition, a pipe 98 and a drain pipe 99 that are first pipes are connected to the drain port of the water heating chamber 90, and a drain pipe 106 and a pipe 107 that are second pipes are connected to the outlet of the heat exchanger 100, Since the first pipe and the second pipe are combined and the hot water is led to the supply destination, the hot water obtained by the heat exchanger 100 and the heat exchanger 100 obtained in the hot water chamber 90 have a lower temperature. It is also possible to obtain a suitable temperature by mixing hot water.

11 Incinerated material 21 Reservoir 22 Input port 23 Bottom 24 Lid 31 Wire 32 Ear piece 33 Pulley 34 Motor 35 Winding rod 38 Ignition burner 39 Slide base 41 Lower secondary combustion chamber 43 Upper primary combustion chamber 44 Bottom plate 45 Ceiling plate 46 Opening 47 Sleeve 48 Hole 51 Incinerator burner 52 Hole 53 Flange 54 Pedestal 61 Chimney 62 Mounting base 65 Blower 66 Pipe 71 Outside air intake port 81 Opening portion 82 Cover 83 Handle 84 Stud 85 Flat plate 86 Through port 90 Water heating room 100 Heat exchanger 101 Water storage room

Claims (6)

A storage tank that is a primary combustion chamber for charging a material to be incinerated from the top inlet, and depositing and storing from the bottom; an ignition burner that ignites the bottom of the material to be incinerated stored in the storage tank; ,
2 connected to the storage tank via a communication port formed on the side wall on the bottom side of the storage tank, in which combustible gas generated by combustion of the material to be incinerated is burned in the storage tank, and is directed to the upper chimney direction 2 The next combustion chamber,
The upper part has a bottom part part contacting the bottom part of the communication port from below, a middle part part contacting the ceiling part of the communication port from above, and an upper part part provided further above the middle part part A side wall of the storage tank side of the part is provided in contact with the outer wall of the storage tank, and a water heating chamber for heating and discharging water supplied from a water supply port;
A boiler apparatus comprising: a water storage chamber in contact with the outside of the chimney, and a heat exchanger that heats and outputs water supplied from an inlet. The heat exchanger is provided with a water inlet at the bottom and a water outlet at the top,
The boiler apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the water heater has a water supply port at a lower portion thereof and a drain port at an upper portion thereof. A first pipe is connected to the drain of the water heating chamber;
A second pipe is connected to the outlet of the heat exchanger,
The boiler apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the first pipe and the second pipe are combined to guide hot water to a supply destination. The secondary combustion chamber is
A lower secondary combustion chamber that is connected to the storage tank via a communication port formed on a bottom side wall of the storage tank and burns combustible gas generated by combustion of the incineration target material in the storage tank;
Provided in the upper part of the lower secondary combustion chamber, performs the secondary combustion and takes in the combustible gas generated up to the lower secondary combustion chamber from the outer peripheral side of the bottom part, and makes it collide with the ceiling part upward. An upper secondary combustion chamber that is guided downward from the central opening of the ceiling portion to the upper chimney direction;
The boiler device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the boiler device is configured by. The boiler apparatus according to claim 4 , wherein an incineration burner is provided in the upper secondary combustion chamber. The boiler device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a blower for sending air into the chimney.

Images