JP6482020B2 - Coal gasification combined power generation facility - Google Patents

Description

The present invention, the coal gasification gas about coal gasification combined power generation plant as fuel for gas turbines.

  Coal exists in a large area of the world, has a large recoverable reserve, and has a stable price, so it has a high supply stability and a low price per calorific value. As one method of thermal power generation using coal as a fuel, an integrated coal gasfication combined cycle (IGCC) is known. In coal gasification combined cycle power generation, electric power is obtained by driving a gas turbine using coal gasification gas as fuel, exhaust gas from the gas turbine is recovered to generate steam, and the generated steam drives the steam turbine to generate electric power. (See, for example, Patent Document 1).

  The composition of the coal gasification gas differs depending on the type of coal charged into the coal gasification furnace, and the current situation is that the calorific value of the coal gasification gas and the combustion temperature in the combustor of the gas turbine change. For this reason, if the input amount to the coal gasification furnace is made constant regardless of the type of coal, the calorific value of the coal gasification gas may vary (decrease) depending on the type of coal. In order to keep the output (power generation output) of the gas turbine constant when coal with a low calorific value is input, the amount of coal input to the coal gasifier is increased and the amount of heat input to the gas turbine is increased. It was the actual situation. That is, in order to make the output (power generation output) of the gas turbine constant, the actual situation is that it is necessary to adjust the input amount of coal according to the type of coal.

JP 2005-171148 A

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a constant power output regardless of the type of coal is introduced into the coal gasifier is that obtained coal gasification combined power generation facility .

In order to achieve the above object , the combined coal gasification combined power generation facility according to the present invention according to claim 1 includes a coal gasification furnace for obtaining coal gasification gas by inputting coal, and a coal gas obtained in the coal gasification furnace. A combustor that receives combustion gas together with a compressed fluid and combusts it to obtain combustion gas, a turbine that expands the combustion gas obtained by the combustor to obtain driving force, and is input to the combustor. Composition derivation means for deriving the composition of the coal gasification gas, fluid fuel injection means for supplying fluid fuel to at least one of the combustor or the coal gasification furnace, and the composition derivation means depending on the composition of the coal gasification gas, and control means for controlling the introduction of said fluid fuel by said fluid fuel input means, an exhaust heat recovery boiler to generate steam by recovering heat of exhaust gas of the turbine, the A steam turbine that obtains a driving force by introducing steam generated in the heat recovery boiler, and the fluid fuel input means supplies a part of the fluid fuel to the exhaust heat recovery boiler and re-burns it, so that the amount of steam And the output of the steam turbine is increased according to the composition of the coal gasification gas .

In the present invention according to claim 1, the coal gasification gas obtained in the coal gasification furnace is combusted, and the combustion gas is expanded and driven by the gas turbine to obtain a power generation output. According to the composition of the coal gasification gas derived by the composition deriving means, the fluid fuel input by the fluid fuel injection means is controlled. For example, if the calorific value of the coal gasification gas is low, the fluid fuel is increased. As a result, the combustion temperature in the combustor is raised, and an output equivalent to the output of the gas turbine when the calorific value of the coal gasification gas is high is obtained.
The gas turbine is equipped with a coal gasification power generation facility that can drive a gas turbine with a constant output and obtain a constant power output regardless of the type of coal that is put into the coal gasification furnace. The exhaust gas can be heat recovered by the exhaust heat recovery boiler to obtain steam, and the steam turbine can be driven by the steam obtained by the exhaust heat recovery boiler.

Thereby, irrespective of the kind of coal thrown into the coal gasifier, the gas turbine can be driven with a constant output, and a constant power generation output can be obtained.
And it becomes possible to set it as the coal gasification combined cycle power generation equipment provided with the coal gasification power generation equipment which can obtain fixed power generation output irrespective of the kind of coal thrown into a coal gasification furnace.

And the coal gasification combined cycle facility of the present invention according to claim 2 is the coal gasification combined cycle facility according to claim 1, wherein the coal gasification combined cycle facility is provided in an exhaust gas passage that has finished work in the turbine, and is either ammonia or urea. The exhaust gas is provided with denitration means for denitrating the exhaust gas, and the fluid fuel is the ammonia or urea supplied to the denitration means.

  In the present invention according to claim 2, ammonia or urea used for the denitration means provided inside the system can be used as the fluid fuel, and no separate facility for supplying the fluid fuel is required.

Further, the coal gasification combined cycle facility of the present invention according to claim 3, in coal gasification combined cycle power generation plant according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the composition deriving means is put into the coal gasifier It is a charcoal type judgment means for judging the type of coal.

  In the present invention according to claim 3, the composition of the coal gasification gas can be obtained by determining the type of coal to be input to the coal gasification furnace, and the injection of fluid fuel by the fluid fuel input means can be controlled. .

Moreover, the coal gasification combined cycle facility of the present invention according to claim 4 is the coal gasification combined cycle facility according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the composition derivation means is supplied to the combustor. It is a composition detection means for detecting the composition of coal gasification gas.

  In the present invention according to claim 4, the composition of the coal gasification gas input to the combustor is detected to determine the composition of the coal gasification gas, and the fluid fuel input by the fluid fuel input means can be controlled. it can.

IGCC plant of the present invention includes a coal gasification combined cycle power generation plant equipped with coal types a constant power output coal gasification power generation equipment which can obtain despite being charged into the coal gasifier Become.

1 is a schematic system diagram of a combined coal gasification combined power generation facility including a coal gasification power generation facility according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a table | surface figure explaining the condition of a composition condition for every kind of coal, and the condition of ammonia input.

  FIG. 1 shows a schematic system representing the overall configuration of a combined coal gasification combined cycle facility according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  The combined coal gasification combined power generation facility 1 of the present embodiment includes a coal gasification furnace 2, and in the coal gasification furnace 2, a reaction between coal (pulverized coal produced by the coal mill 3) and an oxidizing agent (oxygen, air). Coal gasification gas is produced. The coal gasification gas is dedusted and adjusted to a predetermined temperature by the heat exchanger 4, and impurities are removed by the gas purification equipment 5 to obtain fuel gas.

The fuel gas is input to the combustor 7 of the turbine facility 6. The turbine equipment 6 includes a compressor 11 and a gas turbine (turbine) 12, and compressed air and fuel gas compressed by the compressor 11 are sent to the combustor 7. The combustion gas from the combustor 7 is expanded by the turbine 12 to obtain power, and the generator 13 is driven (coal gasification power generation facility). Exhaust gas turbine 12 is heat recovered by the waste heat recovery boiler 14, after the NO _x is removed by the denitration apparatus 15 (denitration means) is released from a chimney into the atmosphere.

Ammonia from the ammonia supply device 16 (denitration means) (or urea) is supplied to the denitration apparatus 15, the ammonia is turned NO _x is purified in the exhaust gas. From the ammonia supply device 16, ammonia can be supplied as fluid fuel to the combustor 7 (fluid fuel input means). In addition, it is also possible to supply ammonia as fluid fuel from the ammonia supply device 16 to the coal gasification furnace 2 (shown by a dotted line in the figure).

  A steam turbine 18 is connected coaxially to the compressor 11 and the turbine 12, and steam from the exhaust heat recovery boiler 14 is sent to the steam turbine 18 to obtain power. The exhaust steam of the steam turbine 18 is condensed by the condenser 19, and the condensed water condensed by the condenser 19 is supplied to the exhaust heat recovery boiler 14.

  That is, in the coal gasification combined power generation facility 1, the coal gasification gas obtained in the coal gasification furnace 2 is combusted in the combustor 7, the combustion gas is expanded and driven by the turbine 12, and the generator 13 generates power output. Is obtained. The exhaust gas of the turbine 12 is heat recovered by the exhaust heat recovery boiler 14 to obtain steam, and the steam turbine 18 is driven by the steam obtained by the exhaust heat recovery boiler 14.

  The fuel supply path upstream of the combustor 7 is provided with a composition detection means 21 (composition derivation means) for detecting the composition of the coal gasification gas (fuel gas) charged into the combustor 7. Information on the composition of the detected fuel gas is sent to the control device 22. Information on the type of pulverized coal is input to the control device 22 (composition derivation means: charcoal type determination means).

  From the control device 22, the combustor according to the composition of the fuel gas detected by the composition detection means 21 and the composition of the fuel gas estimated according to the information on the type of pulverized coal from the ammonia supply device 16. A command to send ammonia to 7 (coal gasification gas) is output. That is, the control device 22 controls the amount of ammonia put into the combustor 7 according to the composition of fuel gas (type of pulverized coal).

  For example, if it is determined that the calorific value of the coal gasification gas (fuel gas) is low based on the fuel gas composition detected by the composition detection means 21 and the type of pulverized coal, the ammonia is increased. Thus, the combustion temperature in the combustor 7 is raised, and an output equivalent to the output of the turbine 12 when the calorific value of the coal gasification gas (fuel gas) is high is obtained.

  As a result, the turbine 12 can be driven with a constant output regardless of the type of coal charged into the coal gasification furnace 2, and a constant power generation output can be obtained.

  And since the ammonia supplied to the denitration device 15 in the system is supplied to the combustor 7 as a fluid fuel, a separate facility for supplying ammonia is not required. The fluid fuel supplied to the combustor 7 is not limited to ammonia from the ammonia supply device 16 (denitration means), and means for supplying exclusive ammonia (or urea) can also be provided. In addition, as the fluid fuel supplied to the combustor 7, means for supplying fluid fuel (ammonia or urea) from another power generation facility system may be provided.

  In addition, when a wet gas purification facility is provided, it is possible to supply ammonia washed away by the gas purification facility to the combustor 7. As the fluid fuel, other fluid fuels such as liquefied natural gas and gasified gas can be used. A part of ammonia supplied to the denitration device 15 in the system can be reburned by the exhaust heat recovery boiler 14 to increase the amount of steam, and the output of the steam turbine 18 can be increased to cope with the difference in the type of coal. It is.

  Based on FIG. 2, the state of the composition of the fuel gas (coal gasification gas) in the combustor 7 when different types of pulverized coal (coal) is charged into the coal gasification furnace 2 will be described.

Case I is an example in which coal A (for example, bituminous coal) is put into the coal gasification furnace 2 and is an example of coal that can obtain a reference calorific value. Component of the fuel in the combustor 7, CO is 31.0%, _{H 2} is 11.0%, CH ₄ is 0.8%, CO ₂ is 3.2%, _{N 2} others at 54.0% is there. When coal A was used, the calorific value was 1300 kcal / Nm ³ and the combustion temperature was 1500 ° C. The calorific value of case I is used as a reference, and the calorific value ratio is 1.0.

Case II is coal B (e.g. bituminous coal) in the example which supplied to the coal gasification furnace 2, the components of the fuel in the combustor 7, CO is 28.0%, _{H 2} is 10.0%, CH ₄ is 0.3%, CO ₂ is 3.7%, N _{2 and} others are 58.0%. When coal B was used, the calorific value was 1190 kcal / Nm ³ and the combustion temperature was 1410 ° C. The calorific value ratio of Case II to Case I is 0.9.

Case III is an example in which coal C (for example, subbituminous coal) is charged into the coal gasification furnace 2, and the components of the fuel in the combustor 7 are 24.0% for CO, 9.0% for H ₂ , CH ₄ Is 0.3%, CO ₂ is 2.7%, N _{2 and} others are 64.0%. When using coal C, the calorific value was 1010 kcal / Nm ³ and the combustion temperature was 1270 ° C. The calorific value ratio of Case III to Case I is 0.8.

As shown in Case I to Case III, the calorific value of the coal gasification gas (fuel gas) in the combustor 7 varies depending on the type of coal. The combustion temperature in the combustor 7 rises by adding ammonia (NH ₃ ) when using the case C coal C to the case A coal A (case IV, case V).

Case IV is an example in which coal C (for example, subbituminous coal) and NH ₃ (5.8 vol%) are charged into the coal gasification furnace 2, and the fuel components in the combustor 7 are CO 22.0 vol%, H ₂ 8.0vol%, CH ₄ is 0.2 vol%, CO ₂ 3.0vol%, _{N 2} others 61.0vol%, the NH ₃ is 5.8vol%. When NH ₃ (5.8 vol%) is added to coal C, the calorific value is 1190 kcal / Nm ³ , and the calorific value ratio is 0.9, which is substantially equivalent to Case II.

Case V is an example in which coal C (for example, subbituminous coal) and NH ₃ (9.8 vol%) are charged into the coal gasification furnace 2, and the fuel components in the combustor 7 are CO 21.0 vol%, H ₂ 8.0vol%, CH ₄ is 0.2 vol%, CO ₂ 3.0vol%, _{N 2} others 58.0vol%, the NH ₃ is 9.8vol%. When NH ₃ (9.8 vol%) is added to coal C, the calorific value is 1300 kcal / Nm ³ and the calorific value ratio is 1.0, which is the same as in Case I.

As shown in Case IV and Case V, the amount of heat in the combustor 7 is increased by adding NH ₃ to coal C, which has a calorific value ratio of 0.8 relative to the reference coal A, and the calorific value is increased. It is possible to obtain a calorific value at the time of a high situation (in case I). For this reason, even if the type of coal is different, that is, even when coal C is used instead of coal A having a high calorific value, the heat generation amount of the coal gasification gas (fuel gas) is high. An output equivalent to the output can be obtained.

  Therefore, the turbine 12 can be driven at a constant output regardless of the type of coal charged into the coal gasification furnace 2, that is, whether coal A or coal C is used. The power generation output can be obtained. Thereby, the coal gasification combined power generation facility 1 can obtain a constant power generation output regardless of the type of coal put into the coal gasification furnace 2.

  Moreover, this invention can be utilized in the industrial field | area of the coal gasification combined cycle power generation equipment provided with the coal gasification power generation equipment which used coal gasification gas as the fuel of the gas turbine.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Coal gasification combined cycle power generation facility 2 Coal gasification furnace 3 Coal mill 4 Heat exchanger 5 Gas refinement facility 6 Turbine facility 7 Combustor 11 Compressor 12 Turbine 13 Generator 14 Waste heat recovery boiler 15 Denitration device 16 Ammonia supply device 18 Steam turbine 19 Condenser 21 Composition detection means 22 Control device

Claims (4)

A coal gasifier that is supplied with coal to obtain coal gasification gas;
A combustor that obtains combustion gas by charging the coal gasification gas obtained in the coal gasification furnace together with the compressed fluid and burning it;
A turbine that obtains driving force by expanding the combustion gas obtained in the combustor;
A composition derivation means for deriving a composition of the coal gasification gas charged into the combustor;
Fluid fuel input means for supplying fluid fuel to at least one of the combustor or the coal gasifier;
Control means for controlling input of the fluid fuel by the fluid fuel input means according to the composition of the coal gasification gas derived by the composition derivation means ;
An exhaust heat recovery boiler that recovers heat of the exhaust gas of the turbine and generates steam;
A steam turbine in which steam generated in the exhaust heat recovery boiler is introduced to obtain driving force;
The fluid fuel input means includes
A part of fluid fuel is put into the exhaust heat recovery boiler and reburned to increase the amount of steam, and the output of the steam turbine is increased according to the composition of the coal gasification gas. Coal gasification combined power generation facility . In the coal gasification combined cycle facility according to claim 1,
Provided in a passage of exhaust gas that has finished work in the turbine, comprising denitration means for denitrating the exhaust gas by supplying ammonia or urea;
The fluid fuel is coal gasification combined cycle facility, characterized in that said ammonia or urea is supplied to the denitration means. In the coal gasification combined cycle facility according to claim 1 or 2,
The coal gasification combined power generation facility , wherein the composition derivation means is a coal type judgment means for judging a type of coal to be input into the coal gasification furnace. In the coal gasification combined cycle facility according to claim 1 or 2,
The coal gasification combined power generation facility , wherein the composition derivation means is a composition detection means for detecting a composition of the coal gasification gas charged into the combustor.

Images