JP6472148B2 - Groundwater freshwater usage determination method, determination device, and groundwater freshwater pumping device - Google Patents
Groundwater freshwater usage determination method, determination device, and groundwater freshwater pumping device Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 title claims description 137
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 title claims description 125
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 title claims description 113
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 42
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 80
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 25
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002349 well water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
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Description
本発明は、深度によって地下水の塩分濃度が異なる帯水層での淡水の利用を判定する地下水の淡水利用判定方法、この方法に用いる判定装置、及び地下水の淡水利用揚水装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for determining the use of fresh water in groundwater, which determines the use of freshwater in an aquifer where the salinity concentration of groundwater varies depending on the depth, a determination device used in this method, and a freshwater utilization pumping device for groundwater.
東日本大震災で津波によって被災した沿岸域では、津波でもたらされた海水の浸透によって地下水が塩水（塩分濃度が一定値を越える水）化している。沿岸域の地下水は動水勾配が小さく流速が極めて遅いことから、塩水化した地下水が海に流れ去るまでに長い期間を要する。
一方で沿岸域の地下水は安価で、水温の変化が小さく、水質も良好であることから、古くから農業用水として利用されてきている。しかし塩水化によって地下水が使用できなくなり、一部水道水などが代替水源となっているが、水価が高いことから経済的に不利となり、被災地の復興の妨げになっている。
このような状況下、津波によって地下水が塩水化した沿岸域では、その後の降雨により、塩水化した帯水層の上部に厚さ数ｍの淡水域が形成されていることが調査で明らかになった。今後は水田の復旧も進むことから地下水涵養量の増加が期待され、浅層の淡水域は新たな農業用地下水源として期待される。しかし、帯水層の一部が塩水化している地域で地下水の揚水を行うと、井戸周辺の圧力が低下するため、塩水域から淡水域に向かって塩水が侵入（アップコーニング）し、淡水の揚水が不可能となる。この現象は、井戸の深度が浅いほど、また揚水量が小さいほど、抑えることができるが、淡水域の形成状況は地域によって異なることから、地域に最適な井戸深度と揚水量を明らかにすることが求められている。
特許文献１は、アップコーニングによって淡水に塩水が混じることを防ぐために、填隙手段上部の淡水層と、填隙手段下部の塩水層とから揚水することで、淡水層と塩水層との差圧を生じさせることなく淡水を採取できることを提案している。
In coastal areas affected by the tsunami due to the Great East Japan Earthquake, groundwater has become saltwater (water whose salinity exceeds a certain value) due to the penetration of seawater caused by the tsunami. Since coastal groundwater has a small hydrodynamic gradient and a very slow flow rate, it takes a long time for saltwater groundwater to flow into the sea.
On the other hand, coastal groundwater is inexpensive, has little change in water temperature, and has good water quality, and has been used for agricultural purposes since ancient times. However, groundwater can no longer be used due to salinization, and some tap water is an alternative source of water. However, due to the high water price, it is economically disadvantageous and hinders the reconstruction of the affected areas.
Under such circumstances, in the coastal area where the groundwater was salinized by the tsunami, the survey revealed that a freshwater area with a thickness of several meters was formed above the salinized aquifer due to subsequent rainfall. It was. In the future, since the restoration of paddy fields will proceed, the amount of groundwater recharge is expected to increase, and the shallow freshwater area is expected to be a new source of agricultural groundwater. However, when groundwater is pumped in an area where part of the aquifer is salinized, the pressure around the well decreases, so saltwater intrudes from the saltwater area to the freshwater area (upcorning), and the freshwater Pumping is impossible. This phenomenon can be suppressed as the depth of the well is shallower and the yield is smaller. However, since the formation of freshwater varies depending on the region, the optimum well depth and yield should be clarified. Is required.
In Patent Document 1, in order to prevent salt water from being mixed with fresh water due to upconing, the differential pressure between the fresh water layer and the salt water layer is obtained by pumping water from the fresh water layer above the gap filling means and the salt water layer below the gap filling means. It has been proposed that fresh water can be collected without causing water.
特許文献１によれば、アップコーニングによる塩水の混合を防止して淡水を有効に採取できるが、揚水した塩水の廃棄処理の問題がある。
特許文献１のように塩水を揚水することなく、アップコーニングを許容範囲内に抑えて、揚水する地下水の塩分濃度を一定値以下とする揚水深度と揚水量を求める場合には、予め決定した深度の井戸を複数掘削し、揚水量を変化させつつ地下水を揚水する試験を行い、揚水した地下水の塩分濃度と、井戸深度と、揚水量との関係を求めなければならなかった。
According to Patent Document 1, fresh water can be collected effectively by preventing mixing of salt water by upconing, but there is a problem of disposal of pumped salt water.
In the case of obtaining the pumping depth and the pumping amount so that the salinity concentration of the groundwater to be pumped is not more than a certain value while suppressing the up-coning within the allowable range without pumping the salt water as in Patent Document 1, the depth determined in advance We had to excavate multiple wells and test the groundwater while changing the yield, and had to find the relationship between the salinity of the groundwater, the depth of the well, and the yield.
そこで本発明は、１つの井戸で複数の深度の井戸を想定した判定を行うことができる地下水の淡水利用判定方法を提供することを目的とする。
また本発明は、この地下水の淡水利用判定方法に用いる判定装置を提供することを目的とする。
また本発明は、井戸の深度を変更することなく、深度によって地下水の塩分濃度が異なる帯水層から淡水（塩分濃度が一定値以下の水）を揚水することができる地下水の淡水利用揚水装置を提供することを目的とする。
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for determining fresh water use that can perform determination assuming a plurality of wells with a single well.
Moreover, an object of this invention is to provide the determination apparatus used for this fresh water utilization determination method.
In addition, the present invention provides a groundwater freshwater pumping device capable of pumping fresh water (water whose salinity is a certain value or less) from an aquifer where the salinity of groundwater varies depending on the depth without changing the depth of the well. The purpose is to provide.
請求項１記載の本発明の地下水の淡水利用判定方法は、異なる深度から揚水できるストレーナーを備えた井戸を用い、前記深度によって地下水の塩分濃度が異なる帯水層での淡水の利用を判定する地下水の淡水利用判定方法であって、前記井戸の特定の深度に填隙手段を設置して前記井戸の上下方向の地下水流を遮断し、前記填隙手段より上部の前記井戸から前記地下水を揚水して前記塩分濃度を計測し、前記填隙手段の設置深度を変更して前記地下水の前記塩分濃度を計測することで、前記淡水を利用できる利用深度を判定することを特徴とする。
請求項２記載の本発明は、請求項１に記載の地下水の淡水利用判定方法において、前記帯水層を不圧帯水層としたことを特徴とする。
請求項３記載の本発明は、請求項１又は請求項２に記載の地下水の淡水利用判定方法において、前記塩分濃度の計測を、浅い前記深度から順に行うことを特徴とする。
請求項４記載の本発明は、請求項１から請求項３のいずれか１項に記載の地下水の淡水利用判定方法において、前記利用深度の判定後に、所定量の前記淡水を揚水し、所定量の前記淡水の揚水後に、再び前記利用深度を判定することを特徴とする。
請求項５記載の本発明は、請求項１から請求項３のいずれか１項に記載の地下水の淡水利用判定方法において、前記利用深度の判定後、前記塩分濃度を経時的に計測して監視することを特徴とする。
請求項６記載の本発明の判定装置は、請求項１から請求項５のいずれか１項に記載の地下水の淡水利用判定方法に用いる判定装置であって、前記地下水を揚水する揚水口と、前記揚水口を一端に接続した揚水ホースと、前記揚水ホースの他端に接続した揚水ポンプとを備え、前記揚水口は、前記填隙手段に対して上下方向に移動可能に配置でき、前記揚水口を前記填隙手段より上部に配置したことを特徴とする。
請求項７記載の本発明は、請求項６に記載の判定装置において、前記填隙手段に流体を導出するポンプと、前記ポンプと前記填隙手段とを接続するホースと、塩分濃度を計測する塩分濃度測定手段と、水位を検出する水位計とを備え、前記塩分濃度測定手段及び前記水位計を前記ホースの前記填隙手段側の端部に配置したことを特徴とする。
請求項８記載の本発明の地下水の淡水利用揚水装置は、異なる深度から揚水できるストレーナーを備えた井戸に用い、前記深度によって地下水の塩分濃度が異なる帯水層での淡水を揚水する地下水の淡水利用揚水装置であって、前記井戸の特定の深度に設置して前記井戸の上下方向の地下水流を遮断する填隙手段と、前記填隙手段に一端を接続するホースと、前記ホースの他端に接続する開閉バルブと、前記填隙手段に対して上下方向に移動可能に配置できる揚水口と、前記揚水口に一端を接続する揚水ホースとを備え、前記揚水口を前記填隙手段より上部に配置し、前記揚水口が前記淡水を揚水する利用深度に前記填隙手段を設置することを特徴とする。
請求項９記載の本発明は、請求項８に記載の地下水の淡水利用揚水装置において、前記塩分濃度を計測する塩分濃度測定手段を備え、前記塩分濃度測定手段を前記ホースの前記一端側に配置したことを特徴とする。
請求項１０記載の本発明は、請求項８又は請求項９に記載の地下水の淡水利用揚水装置において、前記開閉バルブに接続するポンプと、前記揚水ホースの他端に接続する揚水ポンプとを備えたことを特徴とする。
請求項１１記載の本発明は、請求項８から請求項１０のいずれか１項に記載の地下水の淡水利用揚水装置において、水位を検出する水位計を備え、前記水位計を前記ホースの前記一端側に配置したことを特徴とする。
The groundwater fresh water use determination method according to claim 1 of the present invention uses a well equipped with a strainer capable of pumping water from different depths, and determines the use of fresh water in an aquifer where the salinity of groundwater varies depending on the depth. A method for determining fresh water use, wherein a gap filling means is installed at a specific depth of the well to block the vertical water flow in the vertical direction of the well, and the ground water is pumped from the well above the gap filling means. The salinity concentration is measured, the depth of use of the fresh water is determined by changing the installation depth of the gap filling means and measuring the salinity concentration of the groundwater.
The present invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in the groundwater freshwater use determination method according to claim 1, the aquifer is an unconfined aquifer.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the groundwater freshwater utilization determination method according to the first or second aspect, the salinity concentration is measured in order from a shallow depth.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the groundwater freshwater usage determination method according to any one of the first to third aspects, after the use depth is determined, a predetermined amount of the freshwater is pumped, After the pumping of the fresh water, the depth of use is determined again.
The present invention according to claim 5 is the groundwater freshwater usage determination method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the salinity concentration is measured and monitored over time after the use depth is determined. It is characterized by doing.
A determination device according to a sixth aspect of the present invention is a determination device used in the freshwater usage determination method of the groundwater according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, the pumping port for pumping the groundwater, A pumping hose connected to one end of the pumping hose and a pumping pump connected to the other end of the pumping hose, and the pumping port can be arranged to be movable in the vertical direction with respect to the gap filling means. The mouth is arranged above the gap filling means.
According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the determination apparatus according to the sixth aspect, a pump for leading a fluid to the gap filling means, a hose connecting the pump and the gap filling means, and a salinity concentration are measured. A salinity concentration measuring unit and a water level meter for detecting a water level are provided, and the salinity concentration measuring unit and the water level meter are arranged at an end of the hose on the gap filling unit side.
The groundwater freshwater pumping device according to claim 8 of the present invention is used in a well equipped with a strainer capable of pumping water from different depths, and freshwater of groundwater for pumping freshwater in an aquifer where the salinity of groundwater varies depending on the depth. A pumping device for use, which is installed at a specific depth of the well and blocks the groundwater flow in the vertical direction of the well, a hose which connects one end to the gap means, and the other end of the hose an opening and closing valve to be connected to a pumping port that can movably arranged in the vertical direction with respect to the gap filling unit, and a pumping hose connecting one end to said pumping port, from the pumping port the gap filling means It arrange | positions in upper part, The said gap filling means is installed in the utilization depth which the said pumping port pumps the said fresh water, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.
The present invention according to claim 9 is the groundwater freshwater pumping apparatus according to claim 8, further comprising a salinity concentration measuring means for measuring the salinity concentration, wherein the salinity concentration measuring means is disposed on the one end side of the hose. It is characterized by that.
The tenth aspect of the present invention is the groundwater freshwater pumping device according to the eighth or ninth aspect, comprising a pump connected to the open / close valve and a pump connected to the other end of the pumping hose. It is characterized by that.
The present invention described in claim 11 is the groundwater freshwater pumping device according to any one of claims 8 to 10, further comprising a water level meter for detecting a water level, wherein the water level meter is connected to the one end of the hose. It is arranged on the side.
本発明の地下水の淡水利用判定方法によれば、井戸を填隙手段の設置深度と同じ深さの井戸に見立てることができ、填隙手段の設置深度を変えて利用深度の判定を行うことで、１つの井戸で複数の深度の井戸を想定した判定を行うことができるので、淡水利用判定の労力が大幅に削減でき、定期的な判定によって地下水の回復状況を明らかにすることができる。そして、農家が保有する既設井戸が、異なる深度から揚水できるストレーナーを備えた井戸であれば、この既設井戸を用いて利用深度の判定ができ、既設井戸の利用可否を判断できる。
また、本発明の地下水の淡水利用判定方法に用いる判定装置によれば、填隙手段の設置深度の変更に伴い塩分濃度測定手段の深度も変更でき、井戸の深度に応じた判定をタイムリーに行え、塩水を揚水してしまうことを少なくできる。
また、本発明の地下水の淡水利用揚水装置によれば、井戸の深度を変更することなく、深度によって地下水の塩分濃度が異なる帯水層から淡水を揚水することができる。そして、農家が保有する既設井戸が、異なる深度から揚水できるストレーナーを備えた井戸であれば、この既設井戸の利用深度に合わせて填隙手段を設置することで、既設井戸を淡水揚水が可能な浅い井戸として有効利用でき、更に利用深度が変わっても填隙手段の設置位置を変更することで淡水揚水を行える。
According to the groundwater freshwater usage determination method of the present invention, the well can be regarded as a well having the same depth as the installation depth of the gap filling means, and the usage depth is determined by changing the installation depth of the gap filling means. Since it is possible to make a determination assuming a plurality of wells in one well, the labor for determining fresh water use can be greatly reduced, and the recovery status of groundwater can be clarified by periodic determination. And if the existing well which a farmer has is a well provided with the strainer which can pump water from different depths, use depth can be judged using this existing well, and the availability of an existing well can be judged.
Further, according to the determination apparatus used in the groundwater freshwater usage determination method of the present invention, the depth of the salinity concentration measuring means can be changed along with the change of the installation depth of the gap filling means, and the determination according to the depth of the well is made in a timely manner. It can be done and less salt water is pumped up.
Moreover, according to the freshwater pumping apparatus of the groundwater of the present invention, freshwater can be pumped from an aquifer where the salinity concentration of groundwater varies depending on the depth without changing the depth of the well. And if the existing well owned by the farmer is a well equipped with a strainer that can pump water from different depths, fresh water can be pumped by installing gap filling means according to the depth of use of this existing well. It can be used effectively as a shallow well, and fresh water can be pumped by changing the position of the gap filling means even if the depth of use changes.
本発明の第１の実施の形態による地下水の淡水利用判定方法は、井戸の特定の深度に填隙手段を設置して井戸の上下方向の地下水流を遮断し、填隙手段より上部の井戸から地下水を揚水して塩分濃度を計測し、填隙手段の設置深度を変更して地下水の塩分濃度を計測することで、淡水を利用できる利用深度を判定するものである。
本実施の形態によれば、井戸を填隙手段の設置深度と同じ深さの井戸に見立てることができ、填隙手段の設置深度を変えて利用深度の判定を行うことで、１つの井戸で複数の深度の井戸を想定した判定を行うことができるので、淡水利用判定の労力が大幅に削減でき、定期的な判定によって地下水の回復状況を明らかにすることができる。また、農家が保有する既設井戸が、異なる深度から揚水できるストレーナーを備えた井戸であれば、この既設井戸を用いて利用深度の判定ができ、既設井戸の利用可否を判断できる。
In the method for determining fresh water use according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the gap filling means is installed at a specific depth of the well to block the vertical water flow in the vertical direction of the well, and from the well above the gap filling means. Groundwater is pumped up to measure the salinity, and the depth of use of fresh water is determined by changing the installation depth of the gap filling means and measuring the salinity of the groundwater.
According to the present embodiment, the well can be regarded as a well having the same depth as the installation depth of the gap filling means, and the use depth can be determined by changing the installation depth of the gap filling means. Since it is possible to make a determination assuming a plurality of depths of wells, the labor for determining the use of fresh water can be greatly reduced, and the recovery status of groundwater can be clarified by periodic determination. Moreover, if the existing well which a farmer has is a well provided with a strainer capable of pumping water from different depths, the depth of use can be determined using the existing well, and the availability of the existing well can be determined.
本発明の第２の実施の形態は、第１の実施の形態による地下水の淡水利用判定方法において、帯水層を不圧帯水層としたものである。
本実施の形態によれば、震災によって地下水が塩水化した後に、降雨によって浅層に形成された淡水層を利用することができる。
In the second embodiment of the present invention, the aquifer is an unconfined aquifer in the groundwater freshwater utilization determination method according to the first embodiment.
According to the present embodiment, after the groundwater is salinized by the earthquake, the freshwater layer formed in the shallow layer by the rain can be used.
本発明の第３の実施の形態は、第１又は第２の実施の形態による地下水の淡水利用判定方法において、塩分濃度の計測を、浅い深度から順に行うものである。
塩水を揚水してしまうと淡水層に塩水が混合してしまうため、本実施の形態によれば、塩水を揚水することを防止し、淡水層を塩水で汚染させることなく判定を行うことができる。
The third embodiment of the present invention measures the salinity concentration in order from a shallow depth in the groundwater freshwater usage determination method according to the first or second embodiment.
When salt water is pumped up, salt water is mixed with the fresh water layer. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to prevent the salt water from being pumped and to make a determination without contaminating the fresh water layer with salt water. .
本発明の第４の実施の形態は、第１から第３のいずれかの実施の形態による地下水の淡水利用判定方法において、利用深度の判定後に、所定量の淡水を揚水し、所定量の淡水の揚水後に、再び利用深度を判定するものである。
本実施の形態によれば、淡水の継続使用の可能性を判定できる。
According to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, in the groundwater freshwater utilization determination method according to any one of the first to third embodiments, a predetermined amount of freshwater is pumped after the use depth is determined, and a predetermined amount of freshwater is obtained. After pumping up, the depth of use is determined again.
According to the present embodiment, the possibility of continuous use of fresh water can be determined.
本発明の第５の実施の形態は、第１から第３のいずれかの実施の形態による地下水の淡水利用判定方法において、利用深度の判定後、塩分濃度を経時的に計測して監視するものである。
本実施の形態によれば、地下水流の変化による影響を監視することで、継続使用が可能となるとともに、淡水地下水の回復状況の変化に応じて揚水方法を変更することが可能となる。
According to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, in the groundwater freshwater usage determination method according to any one of the first to third embodiments, after determining the depth of use, the salinity concentration is measured and monitored over time. It is.
According to the present embodiment, by monitoring the influence of changes in the groundwater flow, it is possible to continue use, and it is possible to change the pumping method according to changes in the recovery status of freshwater groundwater.
本発明の第６の実施の形態は、第１から第５のいずれかの実施の形態による地下水の淡水利用判定方法に用いる判定装置であって、地下水を揚水する揚水口と、揚水口を一端に接続した揚水ホースと、揚水ホースの他端に接続した揚水ポンプとを備え、揚水口は、填隙手段に対して上下方向に移動可能に配置でき、揚水口を填隙手段より上部に配置したものである。
本実施の形態によれば、井戸の深度を変更することなく、パッカーの設置深度の変更によって揚水する深度を変更でき、淡水判定を行える。
6th Embodiment of this invention is a determination apparatus used for the freshwater utilization determination method of the groundwater by any one of 1st to 5th embodiment, Comprising: The pumping-up port which pumps up groundwater, and a pumping-up port is one end. A pumping hose connected to the pumping hose and a pumping pump connected to the other end of the pumping hose, the pumping port can be arranged to be movable in the vertical direction with respect to the gap filling means , and the pumping port is arranged above the gap filling means. It is a thing.
According to the present embodiment, the depth of pumping can be changed by changing the installation depth of the packer without changing the depth of the well, and fresh water determination can be performed.
本発明の第７の実施の形態は、第６の実施の形態による判定装置において、填隙手段に流体を導出するポンプと、ポンプと填隙手段とを接続するホースと、塩分濃度を計測する塩分濃度測定手段と、水位を検出する水位計とを備え、塩分濃度測定手段及び水位計をホースの填隙手段側の端部に配置したものである。
本実施の形態によれば、填隙手段の設置深度の変更に伴い塩分濃度測定手段の深度も変更でき、井戸の深度に応じた判定をタイムリーに行え、塩水を揚水してしまうことを少なくでき、更に利用可能な淡水量を予測できる。
In the determination apparatus according to the sixth embodiment, the seventh embodiment of the present invention measures the salinity concentration, a pump for leading the fluid to the gap filling means, a hose connecting the pump and the gap filling means, and A salinity concentration measuring means and a water level meter for detecting the water level are provided, and the salinity concentration measuring means and the water level meter are arranged at the end of the hose on the gap filling means side.
According to the present embodiment, the depth of the salinity concentration measuring means can be changed with the change of the installation depth of the gap filling means, the determination according to the depth of the well can be performed in a timely manner, and the salt water is less likely to be pumped up. And the amount of available fresh water can be predicted.
本発明の第８の実施の形態による地下水の淡水利用揚水装置は、井戸の特定の深度に設置して井戸の上下方向の地下水流を遮断する填隙手段と、填隙手段に一端を接続するホースと、ホースの他端に接続する開閉バルブと、填隙手段に対して上下方向に移動可能に配置できる揚水口と、揚水口に一端を接続する揚水ホースとを備え、揚水口を填隙手段より上部に配置し、揚水口が淡水を揚水する利用深度に填隙手段を設置するものである。
本実施の形態によれば、井戸の深度を変更することなく、深度によって地下水の塩分濃度が異なる帯水層から淡水を揚水することができる。また、農家が保有する既設井戸が、異なる深度から揚水できるストレーナーを備えた井戸であれば、この既設井戸の利用深度に合わせて填隙手段を設置することで、既設井戸を淡水揚水が可能な浅い井戸として有効利用でき、更に利用深度が変わっても填隙手段の設置位置を変更することで淡水揚水を行える。
A groundwater freshwater pumping device according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention is installed at a specific depth of a well and has a gap filling means for blocking a vertical groundwater flow in the well and one end connected to the gap filling means. comprising a hose, an opening and closing valve for connecting the other end of the hose, the pumping port that can movably arranged in the vertical direction with respect to the gap filling unit, and a pumping hose connecting one end to the pumping port, Hama a pumping port It is disposed above the gap means, and the gap filling means is installed at a use depth where the pumping outlet pumps fresh water.
According to the present embodiment, fresh water can be pumped from an aquifer where the salinity of groundwater varies depending on the depth without changing the depth of the well. In addition, if the existing well owned by the farmer is equipped with a strainer that can pump water from different depths, it is possible to pump fresh water by installing gap filling means according to the depth of use of this existing well. It can be used effectively as a shallow well, and fresh water can be pumped by changing the position of the gap filling means even if the depth of use changes.
本発明の第９の実施の形態は、第８の実施の形態による地下水の淡水利用揚水装置において、塩分濃度を計測する塩分濃度測定手段を備え、塩分濃度測定手段をホースの一端側に配置したものである。
本実施の形態によれば、揚水後の地下水の塩分濃度を計測するよりも井戸１０の深度に応じた判定をタイムリーに行え、塩水を揚水してしまうことを少なくできる。
The ninth embodiment of the present invention is the groundwater freshwater pumping device according to the eighth embodiment, comprising salt concentration measuring means for measuring the salt concentration, and the salt concentration measuring means is arranged on one end side of the hose. Is.
According to the present embodiment, determination according to the depth of the well 10 can be performed in a timely manner rather than measuring the salinity concentration of groundwater after pumping, and pumping of salt water can be reduced.
本発明の第１０の実施の形態は、第８又は第９の実施の形態による地下水の淡水利用揚水装置において、開閉バルブに接続するポンプと、揚水ホースの他端に接続する揚水ポンプとを備えたものである。
本実施の形態によれば、ポンプを用いて填隙手段の設置深度の変更を容易に行え、地下水流の変化に応じて填隙手段の設置深度を変更でき、継続的な淡水利用ができる。
The tenth embodiment of the present invention includes a pump connected to the open / close valve and a pump connected to the other end of the pumping hose in the groundwater freshwater pumping device according to the eighth or ninth embodiment. It is a thing.
According to the present embodiment, the installation depth of the gap filling means can be easily changed using a pump, the installation depth of the gap filling means can be changed according to the change of the groundwater flow, and continuous fresh water use can be performed.
本発明の第１１の実施の形態は、第８から第１０のいずれかの実施の形態による地下水の淡水利用揚水装置において、水位を検出する水位計を備え、水位計をホースの一端側に配置したものである。
本実施の形態によれば、利用可能な淡水量を予測できる。
The eleventh embodiment of the present invention is a groundwater freshwater pumping device according to any of the eighth to tenth embodiments, comprising a water level meter for detecting the water level, and the water level meter is disposed on one end side of the hose. It is a thing.
According to the present embodiment, the amount of available fresh water can be predicted.
以下本発明の一実施例による地下水の淡水利用判定方法について説明する。
図１は本実施例による地下水の淡水利用判定方法に用いる判定装置を示す写真である。
本実施例による判定装置は、空気などの流体の導入によって少なくとも径方向に膨出する填隙手段１と、填隙手段１に流体を導出するポンプ２と、ポンプ２と填隙手段１とを接続するホース３と、ホース３の填隙手段１側の端部に配置した収納ケース４とを備えている。填隙手段１にはパッカーを用いることができる。
収納ケース４には、塩分濃度を計測する塩分濃度測定手段５と、水位を検出する水位計６とを備えている。
ホース３の一端には填隙手段１を接続し、ホース３の他端には開閉バルブ７を接続し、ポンプ２は開閉バルブ７に接続されている。開閉バルブ７は、ポンプ２との接続を開閉する第１バルブ７ａと、ホース３内の流体を放出する第２バルブ７ｂとからなる。
ホース３には、ホース３内の圧力を計測する圧力計８と、ホース３を吊すケーブルグリップ９を設けている。
本実施例によれば、塩分濃度測定手段５をホース３の填隙手段１側の端部に配置しているので、填隙手段１の設置深度の変更に伴い塩分濃度測定手段５の深度も変更でき、揚水後の地下水の塩分濃度を計測するよりも井戸１０の深度に応じた判定をタイムリーに行え、塩水を揚水してしまうことを少なくできる。
また、本実施例によれば、水位計６をホース３の填隙手段１側の端部に配置しているので、填隙手段１の設置深度の変更に伴い塩分濃度測定手段５の深度も変更でき、井戸１０の深度に応じた判定をタイムリーに行え、塩水を揚水してしまうことを少なくでき、更に利用可能な淡水量を予測できる。
Hereinafter, a method for determining freshwater use according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 1 is a photograph showing a determination device used in the method for determining the use of fresh groundwater according to the present embodiment.
The determination apparatus according to the present embodiment includes a gap filling means 1 that swells at least in a radial direction by introduction of a fluid such as air, a pump 2 that guides fluid to the gap filling means 1, and a pump 2 and a gap filling means 1. A hose 3 to be connected and a storage case 4 arranged at the end of the hose 3 on the gap filling means 1 side are provided. A packer can be used for the gap filling means 1.
The storage case 4 includes a salinity concentration measuring means 5 for measuring the salinity concentration and a water level meter 6 for detecting the water level.
The gap filling means 1 is connected to one end of the hose 3, the open / close valve 7 is connected to the other end of the hose 3, and the pump 2 is connected to the open / close valve 7. The on-off valve 7 includes a first valve 7 a that opens and closes the connection with the pump 2 and a second valve 7 b that discharges the fluid in the hose 3.
The hose 3 is provided with a pressure gauge 8 for measuring the pressure in the hose 3 and a cable grip 9 for hanging the hose 3.
According to the present embodiment, since the salinity concentration measuring means 5 is arranged at the end of the hose 3 on the gap filling means 1 side, the depth of the salinity concentration measuring means 5 is also changed with the change of the installation depth of the gap filling means 1. It can be changed, and determination according to the depth of the well 10 can be performed in a timely manner rather than measuring the salinity concentration of the groundwater after pumping, and the pumping of the salt water can be reduced.
Further, according to the present embodiment, since the water level gauge 6 is arranged at the end of the hose 3 on the gap filling means 1 side, the depth of the salinity concentration measuring means 5 is also changed with the change of the installation depth of the gap filling means 1. It can be changed, the determination according to the depth of the well 10 can be made in a timely manner, the salt water can be reduced, and the amount of fresh water that can be used can be predicted.
図２は本実施例による地下水の淡水利用判定方法を説明する装置概念図である。
井戸１０は、異なる深度から揚水できるストレーナーを備えている。
填隙手段１は、井戸１０の特定の深度に設置され、流体の導入によって膨出して井戸１０の上下方向の地下水流を遮断する。ホース３は井戸１０入口にケーブルグリップ９によって吊り下げる。
填隙手段１より上部には地下水を揚水する揚水口２１が配置され、揚水口２１には、揚水ホース２２の一端が接続されている。揚水ホース２２の他端には揚水ポンプ２３が接続され、揚水ポンプ２３には、切替器２４を介して吐水用ホース２５が接続されている。
切替器２４にはエア抜き器２６が接続されている。切替器２４は、吐水用ホース２５とエア抜き器２６とを切り替える。
揚水ポンプ２３はバッテリー２７によって駆動される。揚水ポンプ２３はモータスピードコントローラ２８によって揚水量を可変することができる。
FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram of an apparatus for explaining a method for determining the use of fresh water in groundwater according to this embodiment.
The well 10 includes a strainer that can pump water from different depths.
The gap filling means 1 is installed at a specific depth of the well 10 and swells by introduction of a fluid to block the groundwater flow in the vertical direction of the well 10. The hose 3 is suspended by the cable grip 9 at the inlet of the well 10.
A pumping port 21 for pumping up ground water is disposed above the gap filling means 1, and one end of a pumping hose 22 is connected to the pumping port 21. A pumping pump 23 is connected to the other end of the pumping hose 22, and a water discharge hose 25 is connected to the pumping pump 23 via a switch 24.
An air vent 26 is connected to the switch 24. The switch 24 switches between the water discharge hose 25 and the air vent 26.
The pumping pump 23 is driven by a battery 27. The pumping pump 23 can vary the pumping amount by the motor speed controller 28.
図３は本実施例による地下水の淡水利用判定方法の処理流れを示すフロー図である。
本実施例による地下水の淡水利用判定方法は、深度によって地下水の塩分濃度が異なる帯水層での淡水の利用を判定するものである。
填隙手段１を井戸１０に降下させ（ステップ１）、水位計６によって揚水が可能か否かを判断し（ステップ２）、揚水が可能な特定の深度で填隙手段１を停止する（ステップ３）。
填隙手段１の降下を停止した後に、ポンプ２からエアを供給して填隙手段１を膨出させる（ステップ４）。填隙手段１を膨出させることで、填隙手段１を井戸１０に設置し、井戸１０の上下方向の地下水流を遮断する。
填隙手段１を井戸１０に設置した後に、所定時間揚水ポンプ２３を駆動する（ステップ５）。揚水口２１は填隙手段１より上部に配置しているため、揚水ポンプ２３の駆動によって、填隙手段１より上部の地下水が揚水される。
揚水ポンプ２３の駆動後に、填隙手段１より上部の井戸１０にある地下水の塩分濃度を塩分濃度測定手段５で計測する（ステップ６）。
ステップ６の計測の結果、ステップ７において所定値以上の塩分濃度を計測すると利用不可と判断する（ステップ８）。
ステップ７において、所定値未満の塩分濃度であれば、更に填隙手段１の降下が必要か否かを判断する（ステップ９）。ステップ９における降下の判断は、塩分濃度や水位から判断する。
ステップ９において、降下が必要と判断すると、第２バルブ７ｂを開放して填隙手段１からエアを抜き（ステップ１０）、再び填隙手段１を降下させる（ステップ１）。
FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the processing flow of the fresh water usage determination method according to the present embodiment.
The groundwater freshwater usage determination method according to the present embodiment determines the use of freshwater in an aquifer where the salinity of groundwater varies depending on the depth.
The gap filling means 1 is lowered to the well 10 (step 1), the water level gauge 6 determines whether or not pumping is possible (step 2), and the gap filling means 1 is stopped at a specific depth at which pumping is possible (step 2). 3).
After the descent of the gap filling means 1 is stopped, air is supplied from the pump 2 to bulge the gap filling means 1 (step 4). By expanding the gap filling means 1, the gap filling means 1 is installed in the well 10 and the vertical groundwater flow in the well 10 is blocked.
After installing the gap filling means 1 in the well 10, the pumping pump 23 is driven for a predetermined time (step 5). Since the pumping port 21 is disposed above the gap filling means 1, the groundwater above the gap filling means 1 is pumped by driving the pumping pump 23.
After the pumping pump 23 is driven, the salinity concentration measuring means 5 measures the salinity concentration of the groundwater in the well 10 above the gap filling means 1 (step 6).
As a result of the measurement in step 6, if a salinity concentration of a predetermined value or more is measured in step 7, it is determined that the use is not possible (step 8).
If the salinity concentration is less than the predetermined value in step 7, it is further determined whether or not the gap filling means 1 needs to be lowered (step 9). The judgment of the descent in step 9 is judged from the salinity concentration and the water level.
If it is determined in step 9 that lowering is necessary, the second valve 7b is opened, air is extracted from the gap filling means 1 (step 10), and the gap filling means 1 is lowered again (step 1).
ステップ９において、降下が必要なければ、この時点の填隙手段１の設置深度が、淡水を利用できる利用深度であると判断する（ステップ１１）。
このように、填隙手段１の設置深度を変更して地下水の塩分濃度を計測することで、淡水を利用できる利用深度を判定することができる。
填隙手段１の設置深度を、その帯水層に含まれる地下水の上面境界が大気圧状態にある不圧帯水層とすることで、震災によって地下水が塩水化した後に、降雨によって浅層に形成された淡水層を利用することができる。
なお、塩水を揚水してしまうと淡水層に塩水が混合してしまうため、塩分濃度の計測を、浅い深度から順に行うことで、塩水を揚水することを防止し、淡水層を塩水で汚染させることなく判定を行うことができる。
If the descent is not required in step 9, it is determined that the installation depth of the gap filling means 1 at this time is the use depth at which fresh water can be used (step 11).
Thus, the utilization depth which can utilize fresh water can be determined by changing the installation depth of the gap filling means 1 and measuring the salinity concentration of groundwater.
By setting the installation depth of the gap filling means 1 to an unconfined aquifer where the upper boundary of the groundwater contained in the aquifer is in an atmospheric pressure state, the groundwater is salinized by the earthquake, and then the shallow layer by rainfall A fresh water layer formed on the surface can be used.
In addition, if salt water is pumped up, salt water will be mixed with the fresh water layer, so the salt concentration is measured in order from a shallow depth to prevent pumping the salt water and contaminate the fresh water layer with salt water. The determination can be made without any problem.
ステップ１１における利用深度の判定後に、所定量の淡水を揚水し（ステップ１２）、ステップ１２における所定量の淡水の揚水後に、再び塩分濃度を塩分濃度測定手段５で計測する（ステップ１３）。ステップ１２における淡水の揚水量をモータスピードコントローラ２８によって変更することで、利用可能な揚水量を推定することができる。
ステップ１３による計測の結果、淡水か否かを判断し（ステップ１４）、淡水であれば継続使用の可能性を判定できる（ステップ１５）。ステップ１４によって塩水と判断されると、利用深度の見直しを含めて再判定を行う（ステップ１６）。
なお、ステップ１１における利用深度の判定、又はステップ１５における利用深度の判定の後は、塩分濃度を経時的に計測して監視することが好ましい。地下水流の変化による影響を監視することで、継続使用が可能となるとともに、淡水地下水の回復状況の変化に応じて揚水方法を変更することが可能となる。
After determining the depth of use in step 11, a predetermined amount of fresh water is pumped (step 12), and after pumping the predetermined amount of fresh water in step 12, the salinity concentration is measured again by the salinity concentration measuring means 5 (step 13). By changing the pumped amount of fresh water in step 12 by the motor speed controller 28, the available pumped amount can be estimated.
As a result of the measurement in step 13, it is determined whether or not it is fresh water (step 14). If it is fresh water, the possibility of continuous use can be determined (step 15). If it is determined that the water is salt water in step 14, re-determination is performed including a review of the depth of use (step 16).
In addition, after the determination of the use depth in Step 11 or the determination of the use depth in Step 15, it is preferable to measure and monitor the salinity concentration over time. By monitoring the effects of changes in the groundwater flow, it is possible to continue use and to change the pumping method according to changes in the recovery status of freshwater groundwater.
以上のように本実施例による地下水の淡水利用判定方法によれば、井戸１０を填隙手段１の設置深度と同じ深さの井戸１０に見立てることができ、填隙手段１の設置深度を変えて利用深度の判定を行うことで、１つの井戸１０で複数の深度の井戸１０を想定した判定を行うことができるので、淡水利用判定の労力が大幅に削減でき、定期的な判定によって地下水の回復状況を明らかにすることができる。 As described above, according to the groundwater freshwater utilization determination method according to the present embodiment, the well 10 can be regarded as the well 10 having the same depth as the installation depth of the gap filling means 1, and the installation depth of the gap filling means 1 is changed. By determining the depth of use, it is possible to make a determination assuming a plurality of wells 10 with one well 10, so that the labor for determining the use of fresh water can be greatly reduced, and groundwater can be determined by periodic determination. The recovery situation can be clarified.
図４及び図５は揚水試験結果を示すグラフである。
填隙手段１の中心設置深度は地下水の電気伝導度（ＥＣ）が７０ｍＳ／ｍとなる地点とし、揚水時間を２時間（図５（ａ）のみ４．５時間）、揚水量を１０Ｌ／ｍｉｎ弱とした。填隙手段１の長さは０．５８ｍとした。
4 and 5 are graphs showing the results of the pumping test.
The center installation depth of the gap filling means 1 is a point where the electrical conductivity (EC) of groundwater is 70 mS / m, the pumping time is 2 hours (only 4.5 hours in FIG. 5 (a)), and the pumping amount is 10 L / min. Weak. The length of the gap filling means 1 was 0.58 m.
図４は沿岸から離れた近接する２つの地点の結果であり、図４（ａ）に示す地点は、平均揚水量が８Ｌ／ｍｉｎ、水位低下量が１．６６ｍ、揚水前井戸内ＥＣが６０ｍＳ／ｍ、揚水開始時ＥＣが５７ｍＳ／ｍ、揚水終了時ＥＣが４９ｍＳ／ｍであり、図４（ｂ）に示す地点は、平均揚水量が９Ｌ／ｍｉｎ、水位低下量が０．４７ｍ、揚水前井戸内ＥＣが５１ｍＳ／ｍ、揚水開始時ＥＣが４７ｍＳ／ｍ、揚水終了時ＥＣが４０ｍＳ／ｍであった。
図４（ａ）に示す地点と図４（ｂ）に示す地点では、揚水翌日には揚水前の状態にほぼ戻る点で共通するが、ＥＣ上昇傾向には差異が生じた。
Fig. 4 shows the results of two points that are close to the coast. The point shown in Fig. 4 (a) is that the average pumping amount is 8L / min, the water level drop is 1.66m, and the EC in the well before pumping is 60mS. / M, EC at the start of pumping is 57 mS / m, EC at the end of pumping is 49 mS / m, and the point shown in FIG. 4B is an average pumping amount of 9 L / min, an amount of water level drop of 0.47 m, pumping The EC in the previous well was 51 mS / m, EC at the start of pumping was 47 mS / m, and EC at the end of pumping was 40 mS / m.
The point shown in FIG. 4 (a) and the point shown in FIG. 4 (b) are the same in that they almost return to the state before pumping on the next day of pumping, but there was a difference in the EC rising tendency.
図５は沿岸付近で近接する２つの地点の結果であり、図５（ａ）に示す地点は、平均揚水量が９Ｌ／ｍｉｎ、水位低下量が０．５３ｍ、揚水前井戸内ＥＣが７３ｍＳ／ｍ、揚水開始時ＥＣが８７ｍＳ／ｍ、揚水終了時ＥＣが８７ｍＳ／ｍであり、図５（ｂ）に示す地点は、平均揚水量が１０Ｌ／ｍｉｎ、水位低下量が０．７６ｍ、揚水前井戸内ＥＣが１０４ｍＳ／ｍ、揚水開始時ＥＣが９７ｍＳ／ｍ、揚水終了時ＥＣが８９ｍＳ／ｍであった。
図５（ａ）に示す地点と図５（ｂ）に示す地点では、揚水によるＥＣ上昇が顕著であり、揚水量の増加は難しいと判断された。
Fig. 5 shows the results of two points close to the coast. The point shown in Fig. 5 (a) shows that the average pumping volume is 9L / min, the water level drop is 0.53m, and the EC in the well before pumping is 73mS / m, EC at the start of pumping is 87 mS / m, EC at the end of pumping is 87 mS / m, and the point shown in FIG. 5B is an average pumping amount of 10 L / min, a water level drop of 0.76 m, before pumping The EC in the well was 104 mS / m, the EC at the start of pumping was 97 mS / m, and the EC at the end of pumping was 89 mS / m.
At the point shown in FIG. 5 (a) and the point shown in FIG. 5 (b), the increase in EC due to pumping was remarkable, and it was determined that it was difficult to increase the pumping amount.
次に、本発明の一実施例による地下水の淡水利用揚水装置について図１及び図２を用いて説明する。
本実施例による地下水の淡水利用揚水装置は、淡水利用判定方法に用いる機具を利用することができ、井戸１０の特定の深度に設置して井戸１０の上下方向の地下水流を遮断する填隙手段１と、填隙手段１に一端を接続するホース３と、ホース３の他端に接続する開閉バルブ７と、填隙手段１より上部に配置する揚水口２１と、揚水口２１に一端を接続する揚水ホース２２とを備える。
そして、本実施例による地下水の淡水利用揚水装置は、揚水口２１が淡水を揚水する利用深度に填隙手段１を設置することで、井戸１０の深度を変更することなく、深度によって地下水の塩分濃度が異なる帯水層から淡水を揚水することができる。
本実施例による地下水の淡水利用揚水装置は、更に塩分濃度を計測する塩分濃度測定手段５を備え、塩分濃度測定手段５をホース３の一端側に配置することが好ましい。塩分濃度測定手段５をホース３の一端側に配置することで、填隙手段１の設置深度の変更に伴い塩分濃度測定手段５の深度も変更でき、井戸１０の深度に応じた判定をタイムリーに行え、塩水を揚水してしまうことを少なくできる。
また本実施例による地下水の淡水利用揚水装置は、更に開閉バルブ７に接続するポンプ２と、揚水ホース２２の他端に接続する揚水ポンプ２３とを備えることで、ポンプ２を用いて填隙手段１の設置深度の変更を容易に行え、地下水流の変化に応じて填隙手段１の設置深度を変更でき、継続的な淡水利用ができる。
また本実施例による地下水の淡水利用揚水装置は、更に水位を検出する水位計６を備え、水位計６をホース３の一端側に配置することで、利用可能な淡水量を予測できる。
Next, a groundwater freshwater pumping apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
The groundwater freshwater pumping apparatus according to the present embodiment can use the equipment used in the freshwater use determination method, and is installed at a specific depth of the well 10 to block the groundwater flow in the vertical direction of the well 10. 1, a hose 3 having one end connected to the gap filling means 1, an opening / closing valve 7 connected to the other end of the hose 3, a pumping port 21 disposed above the gap filling means 1, and one end connected to the pumping port 21 And a pumping hose 22 to be provided.
And the freshwater pumping apparatus by the groundwater by a present Example installs the gap means 1 in the use depth which the pumping port 21 pumps freshwater, and does not change the depth of the well 10, but changes the salinity of groundwater by depth. Fresh water can be pumped from aquifers with different concentrations.
The groundwater freshwater pumping apparatus according to the present embodiment further includes a salinity concentration measuring means 5 for measuring the salinity concentration, and the salinity concentration measuring means 5 is preferably arranged on one end side of the hose 3. By disposing the salinity concentration measuring means 5 on one end side of the hose 3, the depth of the salinity concentration measuring means 5 can be changed with the change of the installation depth of the gap filling means 1, and the determination according to the depth of the well 10 is made in a timely manner. It is possible to reduce the pumping of salt water.
In addition, the freshwater pumping apparatus for groundwater according to the present embodiment further includes a pump 2 connected to the opening / closing valve 7 and a pumping pump 23 connected to the other end of the pumping hose 22, so that the gap filling means using the pump 2 is provided. The installation depth of 1 can be changed easily, the installation depth of the gap filling means 1 can be changed according to the change of the groundwater flow, and continuous freshwater use can be performed.
Moreover, the freshwater pumping apparatus according to the present embodiment further includes a water level meter 6 for detecting the water level, and the water level meter 6 is arranged on one end side of the hose 3 so that the amount of available fresh water can be predicted.
本発明の地下水の淡水利用判定方法によれば、津波被災地において、震災前に設置され、掘削深度が深いために利用できない井戸１０について、井戸１０の深度を浅くして揚水量を絞ることで再利用することができる。
また、本発明の地下水の淡水利用判定方法によれば、津波被災地以外においても、塩淡境界を持つ帯水層に対しては、最適な井戸１０の深度や揚水量を求めることができる。
According to the groundwater freshwater usage determination method of the present invention, in a tsunami-affected area, the well 10 that has been installed before the earthquake and cannot be used because the depth of excavation is deep can be reduced by reducing the depth of the well 10 and reducing the amount of pumped water. Can be reused.
Moreover, according to the groundwater freshwater utilization determination method of the present invention, it is possible to obtain the optimum depth of the well 10 and the amount of pumped water for an aquifer having a salty light boundary even in areas other than tsunami-affected areas.
本発明による地下水の淡水利用判定方法によれば、定期的な判定を行うことで、時系列的な地下水の回復状況を把握できる。 According to the groundwater freshwater usage determination method according to the present invention, the recovery status of groundwater in time series can be grasped by performing periodic determination.
１ 填隙手段
２ ポンプ
３ ホース
４ 収納ケース
５ 塩分濃度測定手段
６ 水位計
７ 開閉バルブ
７ａ 第１バルブ
７ｂ 第２バルブ
８ 圧力計
９ ケーブルグリップ
１０ 井戸
２１ 揚水口
２２ 揚水ホース
２３ 揚水ポンプ
２４ 切替器
２５ 吐水用ホース
２６ エア抜き器
２７ バッテリー
２８ モータスピードコントローラ
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Spacing means 2 Pump 3 Hose 4 Storage case 5 Salinity concentration measuring means 6 Water level gauge 7 Opening and closing valve 7a 1st valve 7b 2nd valve 8 Pressure gauge 9 Cable grip 10 Well 21 Pumping port 22 Pumping hose 23 Pumping pump 24 Switch 25 Hose for water discharge 26 Air vent 27 Battery 28 Motor speed controller
Claims (11)
前記井戸の特定の深度に填隙手段を設置して前記井戸の上下方向の地下水流を遮断し、
前記填隙手段より上部の前記井戸から前記地下水を揚水して前記塩分濃度を計測し、
前記填隙手段の設置深度を変更して前記地下水の前記塩分濃度を計測することで、前記淡水を利用できる利用深度を判定する
ことを特徴とする地下水の淡水利用判定方法。 A method for determining the use of freshwater in a groundwater using a well equipped with a strainer capable of pumping water from different depths, and determining the use of freshwater in an aquifer where the salinity of groundwater varies depending on the depth,
Install a gap filling means at a specific depth of the well to block the vertical groundwater flow of the well,
Pumping the groundwater from the well above the gap means to measure the salinity,
A method for determining the use of freshwater in groundwater, wherein the depth of use in which the freshwater can be used is determined by changing the installation depth of the gap filling means and measuring the salinity of the groundwater.
ことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の地下水の淡水利用判定方法。 The groundwater freshwater utilization determination method according to claim 1, wherein the aquifer is an unconfined aquifer.
ことを特徴とする請求項１又は請求項２に記載の地下水の淡水利用判定方法。 The groundwater freshwater utilization determination method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the salinity concentration is measured in order from the shallowest depth.
所定量の前記淡水の揚水後に、再び前記利用深度を判定する
ことを特徴とする請求項１から請求項３のいずれか１項に記載の地下水の淡水利用判定方法。 After determining the depth of use, a predetermined amount of the fresh water is pumped,
The method for determining the use of freshwater in groundwater according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the depth of use is determined again after pumping a predetermined amount of the freshwater.
ことを特徴とする請求項１から請求項３のいずれか１項に記載の地下水の淡水利用判定方法。 The method for determining the use of fresh water in groundwater according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein after determining the depth of use, the salinity concentration is measured and monitored over time.
前記地下水を揚水する揚水口と、
前記揚水口を一端に接続した揚水ホースと、
前記揚水ホースの他端に接続した揚水ポンプと
を備え、
前記揚水口は、前記填隙手段に対して上下方向に移動可能に配置でき、
前記揚水口を前記填隙手段より上部に配置した
ことを特徴とする判定装置。 A determination device used in the groundwater freshwater usage determination method according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
A water outlet for pumping the ground water;
A pumping hose connecting the pumping port to one end;
A water pump connected to the other end of the water hose;
The pumping port can be arranged to be movable in the vertical direction with respect to the gap filling means,
The determination apparatus, wherein the pumping port is disposed above the gap filling means.
前記ポンプと前記填隙手段とを接続するホースと、
塩分濃度を計測する塩分濃度測定手段と、
水位を検出する水位計と
を備え、
前記塩分濃度測定手段及び前記水位計を前記ホースの前記填隙手段側の端部に配置した
ことを特徴とする請求項６に記載の判定装置。 A pump for leading fluid to the gap filling means;
A hose connecting the pump and the gap filling means;
A salinity measuring means for measuring the salinity,
A water level meter that detects the water level,
The determination apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the salinity concentration measuring unit and the water level meter are arranged at an end of the hose on the gap filling unit side.
前記井戸の特定の深度に設置して前記井戸の上下方向の地下水流を遮断する填隙手段と、
前記填隙手段に一端を接続するホースと、
前記ホースの他端に接続する開閉バルブと、
前記填隙手段に対して上下方向に移動可能に配置できる揚水口と、
前記揚水口に一端を接続する揚水ホースと
を備え、
前記揚水口を前記填隙手段より上部に配置し、
前記揚水口が前記淡水を揚水する利用深度に前記填隙手段を設置する
ことを特徴とする地下水の淡水利用揚水装置。 A groundwater freshwater pumping device for pumping freshwater in an aquifer where the salinity of groundwater varies depending on the depth, using wells with strainers that can pump water from different depths,
A gap filling means installed at a specific depth of the well to block the groundwater flow in the vertical direction of the well;
A hose connecting one end to the gap filling means;
An open / close valve connected to the other end of the hose;
A pumping port that can movably arranged in the vertical direction with respect to the gap filling unit,
A pumping hose connecting one end to the pumping port;
The pumping port is arranged above the gap filling means,
A freshwater pumping apparatus for groundwater, wherein the gap filling means is installed at a use depth at which the pumping port pumps the freshwater.
前記塩分濃度測定手段を前記ホースの前記一端側に配置した
ことを特徴とする請求項８に記載の地下水の淡水利用揚水装置。 A salinity concentration measuring means for measuring the salinity concentration;
The fresh water pumping device for groundwater according to claim 8, wherein the salinity concentration measuring means is arranged on the one end side of the hose.
前記揚水ホースの他端に接続する揚水ポンプと
を備えた
ことを特徴とする請求項８又は請求項９に記載の地下水の淡水利用揚水装置。 A pump connected to the on-off valve;
The groundwater freshwater pumping device according to claim 8 or 9, further comprising a pumping pump connected to the other end of the pumping hose.
前記水位計を前記ホースの前記一端側に配置した
ことを特徴とする請求項８から請求項１０のいずれか１項に記載の地下水の淡水利用揚水装置。 Equipped with a water level gauge to detect the water level,
The groundwater freshwater pumping device according to any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein the water level gauge is disposed on the one end side of the hose.
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| JP3008322B2 (en) * | 1992-09-09 | 2000-02-14 | 清水建設株式会社 | Well stratified pumping and injection system |
| JP3338909B2 (en) * | 1994-01-19 | 2002-10-28 | 清水建設株式会社 | Layered pumping well |
| JPH08226143A (en) * | 1995-02-22 | 1996-09-03 | Toshiba Corp | Underground water sampling method and sampling device |
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