JP6463084B2 - Wearing article - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a wearing article useful for performance evaluation of a biological repellent attracted by a substance emitted from a human body such as a mosquito.

  Mosquitoes are hygienic and very harmful insects because many species are blood-sucking and can also transmit dangerous infections such as malaria, dengue fever, yellow fever and encephalitis. As one method for preventing harm caused by mosquitoes, a method using a mosquito repellent is known. Mosquito repellents are drugs that repel mosquitoes by paralyzing mosquito sensory organs by making it impossible to trace odors and carbon dioxide emanating from the skin of mammals such as humans. Conventionally, a substance called N, N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) has been widely used as a mosquito repellent. However, because DEET has a relatively short duration of mosquito repellent and high skin penetration, its use is restricted for children, pregnant women, nursing mothers, patients with low blood pressure, and people with sensitive skin. Has been. Therefore, in recent years, there has been a demand for new mosquito repellents that are safe and secure and have a high mosquito repellent effect, and research and development of new materials that can meet these demands have been actively conducted.

  In research and development of new mosquito repellents, evaluation of mosquito repellent effects is essential. In the conventional mosquito repellent evaluation test, the target mosquito repellent is applied directly to the skin of the subject's forearm, and the forearm is inserted into a transparent container containing a large number of mosquito organisms and kept in that state for a predetermined time. It is carried out by measuring the number of mosquitoes that have landed on the forearm or the number of sucked mosquitoes, and the smaller the number, the higher the mosquito repellent effect. Although this evaluation test has no problem in terms of appropriately evaluating the effects of the mosquito repellent, there is a problem that the subject's forearm is stabbed by a mosquito, resulting in a rash and itching, causing the subject to feel uncomfortable. Moreover, since this evaluation test applies a mosquito repellent directly to the skin, depending on the mosquito repellent, there is a risk of causing skin troubles such as a rash and a sore.

  Non-Patent Document 1 describes that an evaluation test of such a mosquito repellent is performed by attaching a liquid-impermeable and non-breathable rubber glove to the forearm. This glove has an opening that penetrates the part in the thickness direction in a part corresponding to the back of the hand, and is configured to close the opening with a predetermined laminated sheet when in use. The laminated sheet for closing the opening of the glove consists of a laminate of a mosquito repellent application sheet that can be applied with a mosquito repellent and a metal mesh, and there are odor components emitted from the human body and mosquito attractants such as carbon dioxide. It is made transparent. This laminated sheet can adjust the interlayer distance of the laminated sheet by attaching a spacer magnet having a predetermined thickness to a metal mesh constituting the laminated sheet. In other words, the glove described in Non-Patent Document 1 adjusts the interlayer distance in the laminated sheet that closes the opening as appropriate, so that the mosquito needles deposited on the outer surface of the laminated sheet are the skin of the forearm wearing the glove. Can be reached. When the evaluation test is performed with the glove described in Non-Patent Document 1 attached to the forearm of the subject, the mosquito in the container is released from the human body to the outside through the laminated sheet covering the opening of the glove. Although attracted by components, carbon dioxide, etc., and accretes on the outer surface of the laminated sheet, the interlaminar distance of the laminated sheet is adjusted so that the mosquito needles do not reach the skin, so the subject is not bitten by the mosquito.

Pinky Kain, Sean Michael Boyle, Sana Khalid Tharadra, Tom Guda, Christine Pham, Anupama Dahanukar & Anandasankar Ray.Nature (Odour receptors and neurons for DEET and new insect repellents), England, Nature Publishing Group, 2013.10.02, Volume 502, p507-512.

  When an evaluation test of a mosquito repellent is performed using a glove described in Non-Patent Document 1, a laminated sheet (mosquito repellent) that closes the opening of the glove, although the subject is not bitten by the mosquito during the test The mosquito repellent applied to the application sheet) may adhere to the skin, and depending on the mosquito repellent, there is a risk of causing skin problems such as rashes and sores.

  Therefore, the subject of this invention is related with provision of the wearing article useful for the performance evaluation of the repellent for living organisms attracted to the substance emitted from a human body, such as a mosquito.

The present invention has a liquid-impermeable and air-permeable part in a part of the liquid-impermeable and non-air-permeable main body part, and is a substance that is emitted from a human body and can attract mosquitoes and other organisms during wearing. Provides a wearing article which can be discharged to the outside through the breathable portion.
The term “organisms such as mosquitoes” as used herein refers to organisms having the property of being attracted by substances such as sweat and carbon dioxide emitted from the human body. Examples of such organisms include ticks and fleas. Etc.

  Further, the present invention is a method for evaluating a repellent effect on a living organism having a property attracted by a substance emitted from a human body, wherein the wearing article is used, and a material to be evaluated for a biological repellent effect is applied to the breathable portion. The wearing article is attached to a person's hand, and the hand is inserted into a transparent container containing a large number of organisms to be repelled so that the breathable part is present in the container, and in that state for a predetermined time. An object of the present invention is to provide a biological repellent effect evaluation method for measuring the number of living organisms that are close to the breathable portion.

  The present invention is also a method for searching for a biological repellent having a repellent effect on a living organism having a property attracted by a substance emitted from a human body, wherein the wearing article is used, and an evaluation target of the biological repellent effect on the breathable part The wearing article coated with the substance is attached to a person's hand, and the hand is inserted into a transparent container containing a large number of organisms to be repelled, so that the breathable part is present in the container. In this state, based on the first step of measuring the number of organisms that have approached the breathable part within a predetermined time and the number of organisms measured in the first step, the organism of the evaluation target substance And a second step of determining whether or not there is a repellent effect.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the wearing article useful for the performance evaluation of the repellent for living organisms attracted by the substance emitted from a human body, such as a mosquito, and the evaluation method of the biological repellent effect using the same are provided. According to the wearing article and the biological repellent effect evaluation method of the present invention, for example, when the repellent target organism is a mosquito, the mosquito repellent or the mosquito repellent effect of a substance whose mosquito repellent effect is unknown is not stabbed by mosquitoes and the evaluation target Appropriate evaluation is possible without causing skin problems due to substances. In addition, according to the method for searching for a biological repellent of the present invention, it is possible to search for a useful biological repellent by a safe and simple method.

FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view when an example of a glove as an embodiment of a wearing article of the present invention is viewed from the instep side. FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing an embodiment of the method for evaluating the biological repellent effect of the present invention, and shows how the method for evaluating the mosquito repellent effect of a predetermined substance is carried out using the gloves shown in FIG. FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view when another example of a glove as an embodiment of the wearing article of the present invention is viewed from the palm side.

  The present invention will be described below based on preferred embodiments with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an example of a glove as an embodiment of the wearing article of the present invention. A glove 10A shown in FIG. 1 is formed into a glove shape that fits a human hand using a flexible material, and includes an internal space S formed so that a human hand can be inserted, and five fingers ( (Small finger, ring finger, middle finger, forefinger, thumb) each extending from the wrist to cover the forearm, the finger covering part 13 covering the back side and the palm side, the hand covering part 14 covering the back side and the palm side of the hand A substantially cylindrical skirt covering portion 15 is provided. When the glove 10 </ b> A is worn on the hand, a hand is inserted into the internal space S from the opening of the skirt covering portion 15, and each finger is individually inserted into the finger covering portion 13. At that time, since the surface of each finger is in close contact with the inner surface of the finger covering portion 13 and the finger covering portion 13 and the hand covering portion 14 expand and contract with respect to the movement of the finger, either the extended state or the folded state of the finger There is no big sense of incongruity. The gloves 10 </ b> A may be divided into right-hand use and left-hand use, or may be used for both left and right.

  One of the main characteristics of the gloves 10A is that a liquid-impermeable and impermeable main body 11 has a liquid-impermeable and air-permeable part 12 in a part thereof. As shown in FIG. 1, only one breathable portion 12 in the glove 10 </ b> A is provided in a portion covering the back side of the hand in the hand covering portion 14 and has a rectangular shape in plan view. In the glove 10 </ b> A, all parts other than the breathable part 12 are the main body part 11. The main body 11 occupies most of the glove 10 </ b> A, and the outer shape of the glove 10 </ b> A is formed by the main body 11.

  Since the main body 11 and the air permeable part 12 are both impermeable to liquid, they are hardly permeable to liquid (water) at least, and preferably can completely block the liquid (water). In the present invention, “liquid impermeability” includes the meaning of “water repellency”. Moreover, since the main-body part 11 is non-breathable, it is difficult to let air pass at least, Preferably, air can be interrupted | blocked completely. Moreover, since the air permeable part 12 is air permeable, it is easy to let air flow contrary to the main body part 11.

  The liquid impermeability of the main body part 11 and the air permeable part 12 is 1 when 5 ml of normal temperature (25 ° C.) water is placed on one surface of the main body part 11 or the air permeable part 12 under standard atmospheric pressure. It is preferable that the water does not permeate the air-permeable portion 12 even after a minute or more has passed, that is, the water permeation time under normal pressure is 1 minute or longer. The water permeation time of each of the main body part 11 and the air permeable part 12 is preferably 5 minutes or longer, more preferably 30 minutes or longer. The degree of liquid impermeability may be the same or different between the main body part 11 and the air-permeable part 12.

Further, the non-breathability of the main body 11 is such that the air permeability defined by JIS P8117 is preferably in the range of 0.1 second / 300 ml · 32 sheets or less, more preferably 0.01 second / 300 ml · 32 sheets or less. It is preferable that
On the other hand, the air permeability of the air permeable part 12 is such that the air permeability defined by JIS P8117 is preferably in the range of 0.5 seconds / 300 ml · 32 sheets or more, more preferably 2 seconds / 300 ml · 32 sheets or more. It is preferable that

The main body 11 is preferably impermeable to moisture in addition to impermeable to liquid and impermeable to air. The non-moisture permeable main body 11 is hardly permeable to moisture at least, and preferably can completely block water vapor.
On the other hand, the air permeable portion 12 is preferably moisture permeable in addition to liquid impermeability and air permeability, and preferably allows water vapor to pass therethrough.
In the present invention, the moisture permeability is a property of water vapor diffusion from the high humidity side to the low humidity side, and the non-moisture permeability is a property in which such water vapor diffusion hardly occurs.

The moisture permeability of the main body 11 is such that the moisture permeability specified by JIS Z0208 is in the range of preferably 0.1 g / 100 cm ² · 1 hr or less, more preferably 0.01 g / 100 cm ² · 1 hr or less. It is preferable.
On the other hand, the moisture permeability of the breathable portion 12 is such that the moisture permeability specified by JIS Z0208 is in the range of preferably 0.5 g / 100 cm ² · 1 hr or more, more preferably 1 g / 100 cm ² · 1 hr or more. It is preferable.

  The main body 11 is made of a liquid-impermeable and air-impermeable material formed into a sheet or film. Examples of the material for forming the main body 11 include natural rubber; synthetic rubber such as styrene-butadiene copolymer and polyisobutylene; and synthetic resin such as polyurethane, polyether / polyester, polybutylene terephthalate, and polytrimethylene terephthalate. Can do. Specific examples of these forming materials are both non-moisture permeable and stretchable materials having stretch elasticity. If necessary, an air permeable sheet such as a nonwoven fabric, a woven fabric, or a knitted fabric may be bonded to a film or sheet made of a liquid-impermeable and air-impermeable material. Further, the thickness of the main body 11 is not particularly limited, and is appropriately determined according to the use of the glove 10A, specifically, the type of a target organism when the glove 10A is used for a method for evaluating a biological repellent effect described later. Although it may be adjusted, it is usually preferably 0.5 to 5 mm.

  The breathable portion 12 is made of a liquid-impermeable and breathable material formed into a sheet shape or a film shape. As a material for forming the air-permeable portion 12, a liquid-impermeable, air-permeable and moisture-permeable porous resin sheet is preferably used. This porous resin sheet is obtained by stretching a sheet formed by kneading an inorganic filler in a synthetic resin, and its pores are very small, allowing air and water vapor to pass through to the outside. However, body fluids such as sweat are unlikely to leak out due to surface tension. Examples of the synthetic resin constituting the porous resin sheet include olefinic resins (thermoplastic resins) such as polyethylene and polypropylene, and examples of the inorganic filler added to the synthetic resin include silica. , Alumina, calcium carbonate and the like. If necessary, a breathable sheet such as a nonwoven fabric, a woven fabric, or a knitted fabric may be bonded to the porous resin sheet. As a nonwoven fabric bonded to the porous resin sheet, for example, a spunbond nonwoven fabric, an air-through nonwoven fabric, a point bond nonwoven fabric, a meltblown nonwoven fabric, an airlaid nonwoven fabric, a spunbond-meltblown-spunbond (SMS) nonwoven fabric, or the like can be used.

The area of the breathable portion 12 is not particularly limited, but the strength of the glove 10A, the ease of evaluation measurement when the glove 10A is used for evaluation of the biological repellent effect and the search for the biorepellent as described later, and the like Is preferably 5 cm ² or more, more preferably 10 cm ² or more, and preferably 50 cm ² or less, more preferably 30 cm ² or less, more specifically preferably 5 cm ² or more and 50 cm ² or less, more preferably 10cm it is ² or more 30cm ² below. In addition, the range of the area of such an air permeable part is the area of one air permeable part, and when providing several air permeable parts, it is preferable that the area of each air permeable part exists in such a range.

  The manufacturing method of the gloves 10A can be manufactured by the following method, for example. First, a glove precursor consisting only of the main body portion 11 is manufactured according to a conventional method, then a predetermined portion of the glove precursor is cut out to provide an opening, and a breathable portion 12 such as a separately prepared porous resin sheet is formed. A glove 10A is obtained by placing and fixing the forming material on the glove precursor so as to cover the entire opening. In such a manufacturing method, when the opening of the glove precursor (main body part 11) is covered with the forming material, the dimension of the forming material of the breathable part 12 extends outward from the opening periphery of the opening. It is set as the dimension which can have an extension part, and it fixes to this glove precursor by well-known joining means, such as an adhesive agent and heat seal, in this extension part of this forming material. Moreover, in such a manufacturing method, the forming material of the air permeable part 12 may be fixed to the outer surface of the glove precursor (main body part 11), or the glove precursor (main body) as in the glove 10A shown in FIG. The inner surface of the portion 11), that is, the inner space S may be defined and fixed to the surface facing the user's hand.

  The glove 10 </ b> A having the above-described configuration is configured such that a substance that can be emitted from a human body and attract a living organism such as a mosquito can be released to the outside through the breathable portion 12 during wearing. Here, “substances that are emitted from the human body and can attract organisms such as mosquitoes” (hereinafter also referred to as biological attractants) are, for example, water vapor derived from sweat, carbon dioxide, Fatty acids and the like. As described above, since the air-permeable portion 12 is air-permeable and preferably further moisture-permeable, these mosquito attracting materials can easily pass through, and the mosquito attracting material emitted from the human body permeates the air-permeable portion 12. Released to the outside. On the other hand, the main body part 11 is liquid-impermeable and non-breathable as described above, and preferably is further impermeable to moisture, so that the mosquito attracting substance emitted from the human body permeates the main body part 11 to the outside. The mosquito attractant is not released, and is released to the outside only from the breathable part 12.

  Therefore, for example, as shown in FIG. 2, when a glove 10A is worn on the hand and inserted into a container 100 in which a large number of mosquito organisms indicated by the symbol M are accommodated, the mosquito M is in the breathable portion 12 of the glove 10A. The mosquito attracting substance such as water vapor or carbon dioxide derived from sweat is selectively attracted only to the breathable part 12 and accretes on the breathable part 12. Since the mosquito attracting substance is not substantially released from the main body 11, the mosquito M hardly accretes on the main body 11. Moreover, although the air permeable part 12 may have many holes which penetrate this in the thickness direction depending on the forming material, the hole implement | achieves the liquid impermeability which the air permeable part 12 has in that case. The mosquito M that has landed on the breathable part 12 is not stabbed by hand because it is a fine hole that is small enough to be able to pass through a normal mosquito needle.

  In this way, the glove 10A can selectively attract mosquitoes only to the breathable portion 12 provided in the portion covering the back of the hand in the hand covering portion 14, and the mosquito thus attracted has a hand. Since it is not stabbed, it can be used for a non-invasive evaluation method of a biological repellent effect by utilizing such characteristics. For example, when the organism to be repelled is a mosquito, a method for evaluating a mosquito repellent or a mosquito repellent effect of a substance whose mosquito repellent effect is unknown is a glove 10A in which a substance to be evaluated is applied to the breathable part 12 in a human hand. As shown in FIG. 2, the hand is inserted into the transparent container 101 in which a large number of mosquitoes M to be repelled are housed, and the breathable portion 12 is in the container 101. The measurement can be carried out by measuring the number of mosquitoes M that have approached the breathable part 12 within a predetermined time. In this method for evaluating the mosquito repellent effect, it can be determined that the smaller the number of mosquitoes M that have approached (accreted) the breathable portion 12, the higher the mosquito repellent effect by the substance to be evaluated applied to the breathable portion 12. it can.

  Another advantage of the gloves 10A is that the breathable portion 12 that attracts organisms such as mosquitoes is liquid impervious, so that the outer surface of the breathable portion 12 has a biological repellent or the like as described above. Even if the substance which has a repellent effect is apply | coated, the application substance permeate | transmits the air permeable part 12 in the thickness direction, does not transfer to an inner surface side, and the point which does not touch a user's skin is mentioned. Therefore, according to the biological repellent effect evaluation method using the gloves 10A, skin troubles such as a rash and a soreness caused by a substance having a biological repellent effect coming into contact with the subject's skin are unlikely to occur, and mosquitoes are not stung. Combined with this advantage, it is possible to safely and safely evaluate the biological repellent effect.

  The transparent container 101 is a part of the mosquito repellent effect evaluation apparatus 100. The evaluation apparatus 100 includes a rectangular parallelepiped transparent container 101, an opening 102 provided on one side of the container 101 so that a human hand can be inserted, one end fixed to the opening periphery of the opening 102, and the other end released. In use, as shown in FIG. 2, a hand with a glove 10 </ b> A is inserted from the open end side of the insect repellent net 103 and inserted into the container 101 from the opening 102. The inside of the transparent container 101 can be visually recognized from the outside, and the number of mosquitoes M that have landed on the gloves 10A can be counted from the outside. The transparent container 101 can be formed from, for example, a transparent acrylic resin.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the evaluation method of the biological repellent effect using the gloves 10 </ b> A can be applied to a method for searching for a biological repellent having a repellent effect on organisms such as mosquitoes. For example, using a glove 10 </ b> A in which a substance to be evaluated is applied to the air permeable part 12, the number of mosquitoes approaching the air permeable part 12 is measured according to the method for evaluating the biological repellent effect (first step) Based on the measured value, the presence / absence of the biological repellent effect of the substance to be evaluated is determined (second step). The smaller the measured value obtained in the first step, that is, the smaller the number of mosquitoes that have approached the breathable part 12, the higher the mosquito repellent effect, and the more useful the mosquito repellent is. It can be judged. The determination of the magnitude of the measurement value obtained in the first step can be made, for example, by comparison with a control value (blank). If the measurement value is larger than the control value, the substance to be evaluated is mosquito repellent. It can be judged that there is an effect. This reference value can be, for example, the number of mosquitoes that have approached the breathable portion 12 when the method is performed in the same manner as in the first step except that nothing is applied to the breathable portion 12. .

  FIG. 3 shows a glove 10B as another example of a glove as an embodiment of the wearing article of the present invention. In the glove 10 </ b> B, only one breathable portion 12 is provided in the skirt covering portion 15. The glove 10B is the same as the glove 10A shown in FIG. 1 except for the above points, and the description of the constituent parts having the same reference numerals in the glove 10A is appropriately applied to the constituent parts that are not described in the glove 10B.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not restrict | limited to the said embodiment, It can change suitably. For example, in the wearing article of the present invention, the position of the breathable part can be arbitrarily set. For example, when the wearing article is a glove, examples include the palm, the back of the hand, the forearm inner part, and the like. Further, the number of air-permeable portions may be not only one like the gloves 10A and 10B, but may be two or more. In addition, the planar view shape of the air-permeable portion is not particularly limited, and the air-permeable portion 12 shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 is not limited to a quadrangle such as a square or a rectangle, but a triangle, a pentagon or more polygon, a circle, an ellipse, Examples include a circular track. The use of the wearing article of the present invention is not particularly limited, and in addition to the wearing article to be worn on the hand and / or arm such as the glove described above, the wearing article to be worn on the foot such as boots, the raincoat or the wearing article having a shape equivalent thereto. The present invention can also be applied.

  In addition, the biological repellent effect evaluation method of the present invention can be applied to a living organism having a property attracted by a substance such as sweat or carbon dioxide emitted from a human body. Examples thereof include mites and fleas.

10A, 10B Gloves (wearing articles)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Main body part 12 Breathable part 13 Finger covering part 14 Hand covering part 15 Bottom covering part 100 Evaluation apparatus 101 Transparent container 102 Opening 103 Insect net M Mosquito

Claims (4)

Part of the liquid-impermeable and non-breathable main body part has a liquid-impermeable and olefin-based resin breathable part, and the area of the breathable part is 5 cm ^{2 to} 50 cm ² and worn Inside, a substance that can be emitted from the human body and can attract organisms such as mosquitoes can be released to the outside through the breathable portion, and the breathable agent for the organism is applied to the breathable portion Wearing articles.   The wearing article according to claim 1, which is formed in a glove shape that fits a human hand. The material for forming the main body is at least one selected from the group consisting of natural rubber, styrene-butadiene copolymer, polyisobutylene, polyurethane, polyether-polyester, polybutylene terephthalate, and polytrimethylene terephthalate. 3. The wearing article according to 1 or 2. The wearing article according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the biological repellent is applied only to the breathable part.

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