JP6453248B2 - Sliding member - Google Patents

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JP6453248B2
JP6453248B2 JP2015558851A JP2015558851A JP6453248B2 JP 6453248 B2 JP6453248 B2 JP 6453248B2 JP 2015558851 A JP2015558851 A JP 2015558851A JP 2015558851 A JP2015558851 A JP 2015558851A JP 6453248 B2 JP6453248 B2 JP 6453248B2
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sliding member
ptfe
resin
base resin
sliding
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JPWO2015111574A1 (en
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周作 西室田
周作 西室田
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Oiles Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/20—Sliding surface consisting mainly of plastics
    • F16C33/203—Multilayer structures, e.g. sleeves comprising a plastic lining
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/24—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs
    • C08J5/246—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs using polymer based synthetic fibres
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
    • C08J5/10—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material characterised by the additives used in the polymer mixture
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D127/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D127/02—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C09D127/12—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
    • C09D127/18—Homopolymers or copolymers of tetrafluoroethene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D161/00—Coating compositions based on condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D161/04—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only
    • C09D161/06—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes with phenols
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
    • D04H1/587—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives characterised by the bonding agents used
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2361/00—Characterised by the use of condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2361/04—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2427/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2427/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08J2427/12—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
    • C08J2427/18—Homopolymers or copolymers of tetrafluoroethylene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/04—Elements
    • C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/04—Elements
    • C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
    • C10M2201/0413—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/10—Compounds containing silicon
    • C10M2201/105—Silica
    • C10M2201/1053—Silica used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2213/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2213/06—Perfluoro polymers
    • C10M2213/062—Polytetrafluoroethylene [PTFE]
    • C10M2213/0623—Polytetrafluoroethylene [PTFE] used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/14—Composite materials or sliding materials in which lubricants are integrally molded
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2208/00—Plastics; Synthetic resins, e.g. rubbers
    • F16C2208/02—Plastics; Synthetic resins, e.g. rubbers comprising fillers, fibres
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2208/00—Plastics; Synthetic resins, e.g. rubbers
    • F16C2208/20—Thermoplastic resins
    • F16C2208/30—Fluoropolymers
    • F16C2208/32—Polytetrafluorethylene [PTFE]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2208/00—Plastics; Synthetic resins, e.g. rubbers
    • F16C2208/20—Thermoplastic resins
    • F16C2208/70—Polyesters, e.g. polyethylene-terephthlate [PET], polybutylene-terephthlate [PBT]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2208/00—Plastics; Synthetic resins, e.g. rubbers
    • F16C2208/80—Thermosetting resins
    • F16C2208/90—Phenolic resin

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)

Description

本発明は、滑り軸受、滑り板、スラストワッシャー等に好適な摺動部材に関する。   The present invention relates to a sliding member suitable for a sliding bearing, a sliding plate, a thrust washer and the like.

特許文献１には、高荷重での使用に対して長期に亘り無給油で低摩擦を実現可能な滑り軸受が開示されている。   Patent Document 1 discloses a plain bearing that can realize low friction without lubrication for a long period of time when used under a high load.

この滑り軸受は、表面に多孔質金属粉末焼結層が形成された金属板をバッキング材として、このバッキング材の多孔質金属粉末焼結層上に摺動層を形成することにより構成される。ここで、摺動層は、以下の手順により形成される。   This sliding bearing is configured by forming a sliding layer on the porous metal powder sintered layer of the backing material using a metal plate having a porous metal powder sintered layer formed on the surface as a backing material. Here, the sliding layer is formed by the following procedure.

すなわち、バッキング材の多孔質金属粉末焼結層上に、摺動層のベース樹脂としてフェノール樹脂を所定の厚さに塗布する。その上に摺動層の基材として織布を配置して、フェノール樹脂を加熱硬化させることにより、摺動層を形成するとともに、この摺動層と多孔質金属粉末焼結層とを結合させる。ここで、織布は、潤滑性樹脂繊維であるポリテトラフルオロエチレン（以下、ＰＴＦＥと記載）繊維と、ベース樹脂であるフェノール樹脂との接着性の高い強化樹脂繊維であるポリアミド（以下、ＰＡと記載）繊維とを、綾織りまたは朱子織りすることで作製される。   That is, a phenol resin is applied in a predetermined thickness as a base resin for the sliding layer on the porous metal powder sintered layer of the backing material. A woven fabric is disposed thereon as a base material for the sliding layer, and the phenolic resin is heated and cured to form a sliding layer and to bond the sliding layer to the porous metal powder sintered layer. . Here, the woven fabric is a polyamide (hereinafter referred to as PA) which is a reinforced resin fiber having high adhesion between polytetrafluoroethylene (hereinafter referred to as PTFE) fiber which is a lubricating resin fiber and a phenol resin which is a base resin. Description) Fabricated by twill or satin weaving fibers.

特開２０００−１５４８２４号公報JP 2000-154824 A

ところで、織布は、少なくとも完成するまでに、繊維から撚り糸を作る工程、および撚り糸から布地を織る工程が必要であり、製造コストが嵩む。   By the way, the woven fabric requires a process of making a twisted yarn from the fiber and a process of weaving the fabric from the twisted yarn at least until it is completed, which increases the manufacturing cost.

また、ＰＴＦＥ繊維は、比較的高価であるとともに、潤滑性には優れるが、その特性ゆえベース樹脂として使用されるフェノール樹脂等の熱硬化性樹脂との接着性が劣っている。そこで、特許文献１に記載の滑り軸受では、摺動層の基材として、熱硬化性樹脂との接着性が高いＰＡ繊維をＰＴＦＥ繊維に織り交ぜた織布を用いているが、このＰＡ繊維も比較的高価である。   In addition, PTFE fiber is relatively expensive and excellent in lubricity, but due to its characteristics, it has poor adhesion to thermosetting resins such as phenol resins used as the base resin. Therefore, in the sliding bearing described in Patent Document 1, a woven fabric obtained by interweaving a PTFE fiber with a PA fiber having high adhesion to a thermosetting resin is used as the base material of the sliding layer. Is also relatively expensive.

このように、特許文献１に記載の滑り軸受は、摺動層の基材の製造コストが嵩むため、安価に作製することができない。   Thus, the sliding bearing described in Patent Document 1 cannot be manufactured at low cost because the manufacturing cost of the base material of the sliding layer increases.

本発明は上記事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的は、長期に亘り良好な摺動特性を実現可能な摺動部材を安価に提供することにある。   This invention is made | formed in view of the said situation, The objective is to provide the sliding member which can implement | achieve a favorable sliding characteristic over a long term at low cost.

上記課題を解決するために、本発明では、摺動部材の摺動層を構成する基材として不織布を用いるとともに、この摺動層のベース樹脂として分子量の異なるＰＴＦＥを含有したものを用いた。   In order to solve the above problems, in the present invention, a non-woven fabric is used as the base material constituting the sliding layer of the sliding member, and the base resin of the sliding layer containing PTFE having a different molecular weight is used.

ここで、不織布は、摺動部材の製造方法によっては、繊維同士を熱で溶かして接着するサーマルボンド法、繊維同士をバインダ（ケミカルボンド）で接着するバインダ法等で作製された接着タイプ等、摺動部材の製造工程において加えられるテンションに耐える強度を有するものであることが好ましい。また、サーマルボンド法で作製された不織布を用いる場合には、繊維同士の融着点がフィルム化していないものを用いることが好ましい。   Here, depending on the manufacturing method of the sliding member, the nonwoven fabric is a thermal bond method in which the fibers are bonded together by heat, an adhesive type produced by a binder method in which the fibers are bonded with a binder (chemical bond), etc. It is preferable to have a strength that can withstand tension applied in the manufacturing process of the sliding member. Moreover, when using the nonwoven fabric produced by the thermal bond method, it is preferable to use the thing in which the fusion | melting point of fibers is not made into a film.

繊維同士の融着点がフィルム化しているものは、融着点が平滑になっているため、基材である不織布のベース樹脂への密着性が低下し、剥離しやすくなり、耐摩耗性、耐久性等の摺動特性が低下する可能性がある。したがって、繊維同士の融着点がフィルム化していない不織布を用いることによって、基材とベース樹脂とのアンカー効果が高くなり、ベース樹脂が基材から剥離するのを防止することができ、耐摩耗性、耐久性等の摺動特性が向上する。また、不織布は、安価なポリエチレンテレフタレート（以下、ＰＥＴと記載）繊維で作製することが好ましい。   In the case where the fusion point between fibers is made into a film, since the fusion point is smooth, the adhesion to the base resin of the nonwoven fabric that is the base material is lowered, it becomes easy to peel off, wear resistance, The sliding characteristics such as durability may be deteriorated. Therefore, by using a nonwoven fabric in which the fusion point between the fibers is not formed into a film, the anchor effect between the base material and the base resin is enhanced, and the base resin can be prevented from peeling off from the base material, and wear resistance Sliding properties such as durability and durability are improved. The nonwoven fabric is preferably made of inexpensive polyethylene terephthalate (hereinafter referred to as PET) fiber.

不織布は、繊維同士を接着あるいは絡合させることにより作製され、繊維から撚り糸を作成して布地を織る必要がないため、織布に比べて製造コストが安い。また、織布を基材として用いた場合は、ベース樹脂が、織布を構成する撚り糸の中心にまで浸み込みにくいため、ベース樹脂と基材を強固に接着することができない。これに対して不織布は、編み目がなく、繊維が均一に分散しているため、繊維の一本一本にベース樹脂が絡むことで、基材とベース樹脂との接着性が向上し、耐摩耗性ならびに耐久性等の摺動特性が向上する。さらに織布を用いた場合のように、切削加工後に撚り糸の毛羽立ちが発生しないため、摺動部材の表面をより平滑にすることができるので、流体による良好な潤滑が得られやすくなり、水中環境下等の液体中における摺動特性も向上する。これらの効果は、不織布の融着点がフィルム化していないものを用いることにより、より顕著なものとなる。また、本発明者は、摺動部材の摺動層を構成するベース樹脂に分子量の異なるＰＴＦＥを含有させることにより、耐摩耗性が向上することを見出した。特に、ベース樹脂に高分子量ＰＴＦＥおよび低分子量ＰＴＦＥの両方を含有させることにより、ベース樹脂に高分子量ＰＴＦＥおよび低分子量ＰＴＦＥの一方を含有させた場合に比べて摩耗量が減少して、良好な摺動特性を得ることができた。したがって、本発明によれば、摺動部材の摺動層を構成する基材として不織布を用いるとともに、摺動部材の摺動層を構成するベース樹脂として分子量の異なるＰＴＦＥを含有したものを用いることにより、長期に亘り低摩擦特性、耐摩耗性、耐久性の向上等の良好な摺動特性を実現可能な摺動部材を安価に提供できる。   Nonwoven fabrics are produced by bonding or entanglement of fibers, and it is not necessary to create a twisted yarn from the fibers and weave the fabric, so that the manufacturing cost is lower than that of the woven fabric. Further, when the woven fabric is used as the base material, the base resin cannot easily penetrate into the center of the twisted yarn constituting the woven fabric, and thus the base resin and the base material cannot be firmly bonded. In contrast, non-woven fabrics have no stitches and the fibers are evenly dispersed, so that the base resin is entangled with each fiber, which improves the adhesion between the base material and the base resin, and wear resistance. And sliding properties such as durability are improved. In addition, unlike the case of using a woven fabric, since the fuzz of the twisted yarn does not occur after the cutting process, the surface of the sliding member can be made smoother. The sliding property in the lower liquid is also improved. These effects become more prominent by using a non-woven fabric fusion point that is not formed into a film. Further, the present inventor has found that the wear resistance is improved by adding PTFE having different molecular weights to the base resin constituting the sliding layer of the sliding member. In particular, when both the high molecular weight PTFE and the low molecular weight PTFE are contained in the base resin, the wear amount is reduced as compared with the case where either the high molecular weight PTFE or the low molecular weight PTFE is contained in the base resin. The dynamic characteristics could be obtained. Therefore, according to the present invention, a non-woven fabric is used as a base material constituting the sliding layer of the sliding member, and a base resin containing PTFE having a different molecular weight is used as the base resin constituting the sliding layer of the sliding member. Thus, a sliding member capable of realizing good sliding characteristics such as low friction characteristics, wear resistance, and improved durability over a long period of time can be provided at low cost.

図１は、本発明の一実施の形態に係る摺動部材１の断面構造を模式的に示した図である。FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a cross-sectional structure of a sliding member 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. 図２は、摺動部材１の摺動層２０の断面構造を模式的に示した図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing a cross-sectional structure of the sliding layer 20 of the sliding member 1. 図３は、摺動部材１の摺動層２０の形成に用いられるプリプレグ２２の製造工程の一例を説明するための図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining an example of a manufacturing process of the prepreg 22 used for forming the sliding layer 20 of the sliding member 1. 図４は、平面往復動試験を説明するための図である。FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a plane reciprocation test. 図５は、表２に示す試験体８Ａ〜８Ｆに対して、表１に示す条件にて行った平面往復動試験の試験結果を示す図である。FIG. 5 is a diagram showing test results of a plane reciprocation test performed on the test bodies 8A to 8F shown in Table 2 under the conditions shown in Table 1. 図６は、スラスト試験を説明するための図である。FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the thrust test. 図７は、表４に示す試験体８Ｇ〜８Ｊに対して、表１に示す条件にて行った大気中における平面往復動試験の試験結果および表３に示す条件にて行った水中におけるスラスト試験の試験結果を示す図である。FIG. 7 shows the test results of the plane reciprocation test in the air performed under the conditions shown in Table 1 for the specimens 8G to 8J shown in Table 4 and the thrust test in water performed under the conditions shown in Table 3. It is a figure which shows the test result of.

以下に、本発明の一実施の形態について説明する。   An embodiment of the present invention will be described below.

図１は、本実施の形態に係る摺動部材１の断面構造を模式的に示した図である。   FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a cross-sectional structure of a sliding member 1 according to the present embodiment.

図示するように、本実施の形態に係る摺動部材１は、ガラス繊維を基材とする樹脂板、金属板等のバッキング材２１と、バッキング材２１上に形成された摺動層２０と、を備える。ここでは、四層のプリプレグ２２（図３参照）から形成された摺動層２０を模式的に示しているが、実際には、これらの摺動層２０は、摺動部材１の製造における加熱硬化処理により、一体となって一つの摺動層を構成する。なお、摺動層２０は、少なくとも一層のプリプレグ２２から形成されたものであればよい。   As shown in the drawing, the sliding member 1 according to the present embodiment includes a backing material 21 such as a resin plate or a metal plate made of glass fiber, and a sliding layer 20 formed on the backing material 21. Is provided. Here, the sliding layer 20 formed from four layers of the prepreg 22 (see FIG. 3) is schematically shown. However, actually, these sliding layers 20 are heated in the manufacture of the sliding member 1. One sliding layer is integrally formed by the curing process. In addition, the sliding layer 20 should just be formed from the prepreg 22 of at least one layer.

図２は、摺動部材１の摺動層２０の断面構造を模式的に示した図である。   FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing a cross-sectional structure of the sliding layer 20 of the sliding member 1.

図示するように、摺動層２０は、シート状の基材２と、基材２に含浸されたベース樹脂３と、を備えて構成される。   As shown in the figure, the sliding layer 20 includes a sheet-like base material 2 and a base resin 3 impregnated in the base material 2.

基材２には不織布が用いられる。不織布は、繊維同士を接着あるいは絡合させることにより作製されるため、繊維から撚り糸を作成して布地に織る必要がある織布に比べて製造コストが安い。また、不織布は、編み目がなく、繊維が均一に分散しているため、織布に比べて、切削加工後の摺動層２０の表面をより平滑にすることができる。このため、流体による良好な潤滑が得られやすくなり、摺動層２０を有する摺動部材１の摺動特性が向上する。また、織布を基材２に用いた場合は、織布を構成する撚り糸の中心にまでベース樹脂３が浸み込まない可能性があるが、繊維が均一に分散している不織布を基材２に用いた場合では、基材２とベース樹脂３との接触面積を大きくすることができ、これにより、基材２とベース樹脂３との接着性を向上させることができる。   A non-woven fabric is used for the substrate 2. Since a nonwoven fabric is produced by bonding or intertwining fibers, the manufacturing cost is lower than that of a woven fabric in which a twisted yarn needs to be created from the fibers and woven into a fabric. Further, since the nonwoven fabric has no stitches and fibers are uniformly dispersed, the surface of the sliding layer 20 after cutting can be made smoother than that of the woven fabric. For this reason, it becomes easy to obtain good lubrication by the fluid, and the sliding characteristics of the sliding member 1 having the sliding layer 20 are improved. When the woven fabric is used as the base material 2, the base resin 3 may not penetrate into the center of the twisted yarn constituting the woven fabric, but the non-woven fabric in which the fibers are uniformly dispersed is used. When used for 2, the contact area between the base material 2 and the base resin 3 can be increased, whereby the adhesion between the base material 2 and the base resin 3 can be improved.

ここで、基材２に用いる不織布は、摺動部材の製造方法によっては、例えば、繊維同士を熱で溶かして接着するサーマルボンド法、繊維同士をバインダ（ケミカルボンド）で接着するバインダ法等で作製された接着タイプ等の、後述する摺動層２０の形成に用いられるプリプレグ２２の製造工程において与えられる強いテンションに耐える強度を有するものであることが好ましい。繊維同士を高圧水流で絡合させるスパンレース法、繊維同士をニードリングして絡合させるニードルパンチ法等で作製された絡合タイプの不織布を用いた場合よりも、プリプレグ２２の製造工程において与えられるテンションの強さによって繊維同士の絡みがほどける可能性を低減することができる。   Here, the nonwoven fabric used for the base material 2 may be, for example, a thermal bond method in which fibers are melted and bonded by heat, a binder method in which fibers are bonded by a binder (chemical bond), or the like, depending on the manufacturing method of the sliding member. It is preferable that the adhesive type has a strength that can withstand strong tension applied in the manufacturing process of the prepreg 22 used for forming the sliding layer 20 described later. It is given in the manufacturing process of the prepreg 22 as compared with the case of using a non-woven fabric produced by a spunlace method in which fibers are entangled with a high-pressure water flow, a needle punch method in which fibers are entangled and entangled with each other. The possibility of untangling of the fibers can be reduced depending on the strength of the applied tension.

また、基材２として、サーマルボンド法で作製された不織布を用いる場合には、繊維同士の融着点がフィルム化していないものを用いることが好ましい。繊維同士の融着点がフィルム化していない不織布を基材２に用いることにより、基材２全体において繊維とベース樹脂３とのアンカー効果が良好に発揮され、密着性が向上することにより、基材２からのベース樹脂３の剥離を防止することができる。   Moreover, when using the nonwoven fabric produced by the thermal bond method as the base material 2, it is preferable to use what the fusion | melting point of fibers does not form into a film. By using, as the base material 2, a non-woven fabric in which the fusion point between the fibers is not formed into a film, the anchor effect between the fiber and the base resin 3 is satisfactorily exhibited in the whole base material 2, and the adhesion is improved. Peeling of the base resin 3 from the material 2 can be prevented.

また、基材２に用いる不織布には、安価なＰＥＴ繊維を用いた。   In addition, an inexpensive PET fiber was used for the nonwoven fabric used for the substrate 2.

ベース樹脂３には、ＰＥＴ繊維との親和性の高い熱硬化性樹脂、特にフェノール樹脂が好適である。また、ベース樹脂３には、分子量の異なるＰＴＦＥを含有させている。後述するように、本発明者は、ベース樹脂３に分子量の異なるＰＴＦＥを含有させることにより、耐摩耗性が向上することを見出した。特に、分子量２００万以上のＰＴＦＥである高分子量ＰＴＦＥおよび分子量１００万未満のＰＴＦＥである低分子量ＰＴＦＥの両方をベース樹脂３に含有させることにより、これらのＰＴＦＥの一方をベース樹脂３に含有させた場合に比べて、摩耗量が減少して、良好な摺動特性を得ることができた。   The base resin 3 is preferably a thermosetting resin having a high affinity for PET fibers, particularly a phenol resin. The base resin 3 contains PTFE having different molecular weights. As will be described later, the present inventor has found that wear resistance is improved by adding PTFE having a different molecular weight to the base resin 3. In particular, the base resin 3 contains both high molecular weight PTFE, which is PTFE having a molecular weight of 2 million or more, and low molecular weight PTFE, which is PTFE having a molecular weight of less than 1 million, in the base resin 3. Compared to the case, the amount of wear was reduced, and good sliding characteristics could be obtained.

なお、ベース樹脂３に含有させるＰＴＦＥは、ベース樹脂３に対する分散性のよい焼成粉であることが好ましい。上述したように、基材２には、ＰＥＴ繊維からなる不織布が用いられるが、ＰＥＴ繊維は、ＰＴＦＥ繊維に比べて潤滑性が劣る。そこで、ベース樹脂３に、ＰＴＦＥ繊維に比べて安価でベース樹脂に対する分散性のよいＰＴＦＥ焼成粉を、摺動部材１に要求される潤滑性能に応じて添加することにより、摺動部材１の潤滑性を改善することができる。このようなＰＴＦＥ焼成粉のうち、高分子量ＰＴＦＥ焼成粉として、株式会社喜多村製のフッ素樹脂潤滑用添加剤ＫＴ−３００Ｍ（分子量１０００万程度）等がある。また、低分子量ＰＴＦＥ焼成粉として、株式会社喜多村製のフッ素樹脂潤滑用添加剤ＫＴＬ−２Ｎ（分子量１０万程度）等がある。   The PTFE contained in the base resin 3 is preferably a calcined powder having good dispersibility with respect to the base resin 3. As described above, a non-woven fabric made of PET fibers is used for the base material 2, but the PET fibers are inferior in lubricity compared to PTFE fibers. Therefore, the sliding member 1 is lubricated by adding to the base resin 3 PTFE calcined powder that is less expensive than PTFE fibers and has good dispersibility in the base resin in accordance with the lubricating performance required for the sliding member 1. Can improve sex. Among such PTFE calcined powders, as a high molecular weight PTFE calcined powder, there is a fluorine resin lubricating additive KT-300M (molecular weight of about 10 million) manufactured by Kitamura Co., Ltd. Further, as a low molecular weight PTFE calcined powder, there is a fluorine resin lubricating additive KTL-2N (molecular weight of about 100,000) manufactured by Kitamura Co., Ltd.

ここで、ベース樹脂３に、分子量の異なるＰＴＦＥに加えて、グラファイトあるいはグラファイトおよびシリカを含有させてもよい。後述するように、本発明者は、ベース樹脂３に、分子量の異なるＰＴＦＥに加えてグラファイトを含有させることにより、水中における耐摩耗性が向上することを見出した。また、本発明者は、ベース樹脂３に、分子量の異なるＰＴＦＥに加えて、グラファイトおよびシリカを含有させることにより、大気中および水中の両環境下における耐摩耗性が向上することを見出した。ベース樹脂３に含有させるグラファイトとして、日本黒鉛工業株式会社製の鱗状黒鉛粉Ｊ−ＡＣＰ、土状黒鉛粉ＡＯＰ等がある。また、ベース樹脂３に含有させるシリカとして、株式会社アドマテックス製の高純度合成球状シリカＳＯ−Ｃ１等がある。   Here, the base resin 3 may contain graphite or graphite and silica in addition to PTFE having different molecular weights. As will be described later, the present inventor has found that the abrasion resistance in water is improved by adding graphite to the base resin 3 in addition to PTFE having different molecular weights. Further, the present inventor has found that the wear resistance in both atmospheric and underwater environments is improved by adding graphite and silica to the base resin 3 in addition to PTFE having different molecular weights. Examples of the graphite contained in the base resin 3 include scale graphite powder J-ACP and soil graphite powder AOP manufactured by Nippon Graphite Industries Co., Ltd. Further, as silica to be contained in the base resin 3, there is high purity synthetic spherical silica SO-C1 manufactured by Admatechs Co., Ltd.

図３は、摺動部材１の摺動層２０の形成に用いられるプリプレグ２２の製造工程の一例を説明するための図である。   FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining an example of a manufacturing process of the prepreg 22 used for forming the sliding layer 20 of the sliding member 1.

まず、分子量の異なる２種類のＰＴＦＥ（高分子量ＰＴＦＥおよび低分子量ＰＴＦＥ）をフェノール樹脂に添加して、ベース樹脂３を構成する樹脂液４を調製し、これを液槽５に供給する（Ｓ１）。樹脂液４を構成する各成分の配合比率は、例えば、フェノール樹脂１００重量部に対して、高分子量ＰＴＦＥ２５〜６２．５重量部、低分子量ＰＴＦＥ２５〜６２．５重量部、界面活性剤０．０１〜０．０３重量部、メタノール２０重量部である。   First, two types of PTFE having different molecular weights (high molecular weight PTFE and low molecular weight PTFE) are added to a phenol resin to prepare a resin liquid 4 constituting the base resin 3, and this is supplied to the liquid tank 5 (S1). . The mixing ratio of each component constituting the resin liquid 4 is, for example, 25 to 62.5 parts by weight of high molecular weight PTFE, 25 to 62.5 parts by weight of PTFE 25 to 2.5 parts by weight, and 0.01% of surfactant with respect to 100 parts by weight of the phenol resin. -0.03 part by weight and 20 parts by weight of methanol.

つぎに、基材２となるＰＥＴ繊維からなる不織布を不織布ロール６から引き出して液槽５に送り、この液槽５内の樹脂液４に浸すことにより、不織布に樹脂液４を含浸する（Ｓ２）。それから、樹脂液４を含浸した不織布を、１００〜１３０℃程度に保たれた乾燥炉７に送り、溶剤であるメタノールを蒸発させ乾燥させるとともに、フェノール樹脂の反応を進め、半硬化状態とする。これにより、例えば、基材２が１０〜５０重量部、ベース樹脂３が５０〜９０重量部となるように、摺動部材１の摺動層２０を形成するための成形用中間材料であるプリプレグ２２を作製する（Ｓ３）。そして、作製したプリプレグ２２をロールで巻き取る（Ｓ４）。   Next, the nonwoven fabric made of PET fibers as the base material 2 is pulled out from the nonwoven fabric roll 6 and sent to the liquid tank 5 and immersed in the resin liquid 4 in the liquid tank 5 to impregnate the nonwoven fabric with the resin liquid 4 (S2). ). Then, the nonwoven fabric impregnated with the resin liquid 4 is sent to a drying furnace 7 maintained at about 100 to 130 ° C., and methanol as a solvent is evaporated and dried, and the reaction of the phenol resin is advanced to a semi-cured state. Thus, for example, a prepreg that is a molding intermediate material for forming the sliding layer 20 of the sliding member 1 so that the base material 2 is 10 to 50 parts by weight and the base resin 3 is 50 to 90 parts by weight. 22 is produced (S3). And the produced prepreg 22 is wound up with a roll (S4).

こうして得られたプリプレグ２２を、ロールド成形により１００〜１６０℃で加熱加圧しながら鉄心で巻き取り、さらに、鉄心に巻き取られたプリプレグ２２の外側にバッキング材２１となる部材を巻く。そして、硬化炉において１３０〜１８０℃で加熱硬化処理した後、鉄心を引き抜くことにより、円筒状の摺動部材１を作製する（ロールド成形方法）。あるいは、プリプレグ２２を、適当な寸法に裁断し、バッキング材２１となる部材上に複数枚重ね合わせる。そして、１３０〜１８０℃で加熱圧縮成形することにより、プレート状の摺動部材１を作製する（圧縮成形方法）。ここで、バッキング材２１となる部材として、金属板、表面に多孔質金属粉末焼結層が形成された金属板、有機繊維強化熱硬化性樹脂プリプレグ、または無機繊維強化熱硬化性樹脂プリプレグ等が用いられる。   The prepreg 22 thus obtained is wound up with an iron core while being heated and pressed at 100 to 160 ° C. by roll forming, and a member to be the backing material 21 is wound around the prepreg 22 wound around the iron core. And after heat-curing at 130-180 degreeC in a curing furnace, the cylindrical sliding member 1 is produced by drawing out an iron core (rolled shaping | molding method). Alternatively, the prepreg 22 is cut into an appropriate size, and a plurality of prepregs 22 are overlapped on the member to be the backing material 21. And plate-shaped sliding member 1 is produced by carrying out heat compression molding at 130-180 ° C (compression molding method). Here, as a member to be the backing material 21, a metal plate, a metal plate having a porous metal powder sintered layer formed on the surface, an organic fiber reinforced thermosetting resin prepreg, an inorganic fiber reinforced thermosetting resin prepreg, or the like is used. Used.

本発明者は、基材２およびベース樹脂３の異なる摺動層２０を有する平板状の試験体（平板）８を複数作製し、これらの試験体８に対して、以下の表１に示す条件において大気中における平面往復動試験を行い、そのときの摩耗状態を観察した。   The inventor produced a plurality of flat test bodies (flat plates) 8 having different sliding layers 20 of the base material 2 and the base resin 3, and the conditions shown in Table 1 below for these test bodies 8. A flat reciprocating test in the atmosphere was conducted at, and the wear state at that time was observed.

Figure 0006453248
Figure 0006453248

平面往復動試験では、図４に示すように、表１に示す面圧で試験体８が相手材９の平坦面（摺動面）に押圧されるように、垂直Ｖ方向の荷重Ｎを試験体８に加えながら、表１に示す速度およびストロークで試験体８を水平方向Ｈに往復移動させ、そのときの試験体８の摩耗量を測定している。   In the plane reciprocation test, as shown in FIG. 4, the load N in the vertical V direction is tested so that the test body 8 is pressed against the flat surface (sliding surface) of the mating member 9 with the surface pressure shown in Table 1. While being added to the body 8, the specimen 8 is reciprocated in the horizontal direction H at the speed and stroke shown in Table 1, and the amount of wear of the specimen 8 at that time is measured.

作製した試験体８は、以下の表２に示すとおりである（試験体８Ａ〜８Ｆ）。ここで、試験体８Ａの基材２には、ＰＥＴ織布を用いており、試験体８Ｂ〜８Ｆの基材２には、サーマルボンド法により作製した溶着点がフィルム化していないＰＥＴ不織布を用いている。また、すべての試験体８Ａ〜８Ｆにおいて、ベース樹脂３にはＰＴＦＥを含有したフェノール樹脂を用いている。フェノール樹脂に対するＰＴＦＥの配合比率は、高分子量ＰＴＦＥおよび低分子量ＰＴＦＥを、それぞれ、フェノール樹脂１００重量部に対して０〜８７．５重量部の間で試験体８毎に変化させた。また、フェノール樹脂に含有する高分子量ＰＴＦＥには、高分子量ＰＴＦＥ焼成粉である株式会社喜多村製のフッ素樹脂潤滑用添加剤ＫＴ−３００Ｍを用い、フェノール樹脂に含有する低分子量ＰＴＦＥには、低分子量ＰＴＦＥ焼成粉である株式会社喜多村製のフッ素樹脂潤滑用添加剤ＫＴＬ−２Ｎを用いた。   The produced test body 8 is as shown in the following Table 2 (test bodies 8A to 8F). Here, a PET woven fabric is used for the base material 2 of the test body 8A, and a PET nonwoven fabric in which the welding point produced by the thermal bond method is not formed into a film is used for the base material 2 of the test bodies 8B to 8F. ing. Moreover, in all the test bodies 8A to 8F, the base resin 3 is a phenol resin containing PTFE. The blending ratio of PTFE with respect to the phenol resin was such that the high molecular weight PTFE and the low molecular weight PTFE were changed for each specimen 8 between 0 to 87.5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the phenol resin. In addition, for the high molecular weight PTFE contained in the phenol resin, a high molecular weight PTFE calcined powder Fluoroplastic Lubricating Additive KT-300M manufactured by Kitamura Co., Ltd. is used. For the low molecular weight PTFE contained in the phenol resin, the low molecular weight PTFE is used. Fluorine resin lubricating additive KTL-2N manufactured by Kitamura Co., Ltd., which is a PTFE fired powder, was used.

Figure 0006453248
Figure 0006453248

なお、表２において、不織布におけるフィルム化の有無の判断は、光学顕微鏡を使った観察により行い、この観察により、融着点に約５００μｍ四方の平坦領域が形成されていることが確認できた不織布は、フィルム化ありと判断して、基材２に採用しないこととした。   In Table 2, the presence or absence of film formation in the nonwoven fabric was determined by observation using an optical microscope, and this observation confirmed that a flat area of about 500 μm square was formed at the fusion point. Was determined to be filmed and was not adopted for the substrate 2.

図５は、表２に示す試験体８Ａ〜８Ｆに対して、表１に示す条件にて行った平面往復動試験の試験結果を示す図である。ここで、縦軸は大気中における摩耗量を示している。また、棒グラフ８０Ａ〜８０Ｆは、試験体８Ａ〜８Ｆの大気中における摩耗量の試験結果を示している。   FIG. 5 is a diagram showing test results of a plane reciprocation test performed on the test bodies 8A to 8F shown in Table 2 under the conditions shown in Table 1. Here, the vertical axis represents the amount of wear in the atmosphere. Moreover, the bar graphs 80A to 80F show the test results of the wear amount of the test bodies 8A to 8F in the atmosphere.

図示するように、基材２に不織布を用いた試験体８Ｂ〜８Ｆは、基材２に織布を用いた試験体８Ａに比べていずれも摩耗量が少なく、大気中において、より優れた性能を示すことが確認された。これは、摺動面において、織布にみられる毛羽立ちや表面の荒れを、不織布を用いることで均一で平滑な面にすることができ、これによって耐摩耗性が向上したと考えられる。   As shown in the figure, the test bodies 8B to 8F using the nonwoven fabric for the base material 2 have less wear compared to the test body 8A using the woven cloth for the base material 2, and have superior performance in the atmosphere. It was confirmed that It is considered that the fluffing and surface roughness seen on the woven fabric can be made uniform and smooth on the sliding surface by using a non-woven fabric, thereby improving the wear resistance.

また、基材２に不織布を用いた試験体８Ｂ〜８Ｆにおいて、ベース樹脂３に高分子量ＰＴＦＥおよび低分子量ＰＴＦＥの両方を含有するフェノール樹脂を用いた試験体８Ｃ〜８Ｅは、ベース樹脂３に高分子量ＰＴＦＥおよび低分子量ＰＴＦＥの一方を含有するフェノール樹脂を用いた試験体８Ｂ、８Ｆに比べて摩耗量が少なく、大気中において、より優れた性能を示すことが確認された。   In addition, in the test bodies 8B to 8F using the nonwoven fabric for the base material 2, the test bodies 8C to 8E using the phenol resin containing both the high molecular weight PTFE and the low molecular weight PTFE in the base resin 3 are high in the base resin 3. It was confirmed that the amount of wear was small as compared with the test bodies 8B and 8F using the phenol resin containing one of the molecular weight PTFE and the low molecular weight PTFE, and more excellent performance was exhibited in the atmosphere.

また、本発明者は、ベース樹脂３の異なる摺動層２０を有する平板状の試験体（平板）８を複数作製し、これらの試験体８に対して、上記の表１に示す条件において大気中における平面往復動試験を行うとともに、以下の表３に示す条件において水中におけるスラスト試験を行い、そのときの摩耗状態を観察した。   In addition, the inventor produced a plurality of flat specimens (flat plates) 8 having different sliding layers 20 of the base resin 3, and the atmospheric conditions under the conditions shown in Table 1 above for these specimens 8. A flat reciprocating test was performed inside, and a thrust test in water was performed under the conditions shown in Table 3 below, and the wear state at that time was observed.

Figure 0006453248
Figure 0006453248

スラスト試験では、図６に示すように、表３に示す面圧で試験体８が相手材１０の一方の端面（摺動面）に押圧されるように、軸心Ｏ方向の荷重Ｎを相手材１０に加えながら、表３に示す速度で相手材１０を軸心Ｏ回りの回転方向Ｒに回転させ、そのときの試験体８の摩耗量を測定している。   In the thrust test, as shown in FIG. 6, the load N in the axial center O direction is applied so that the test body 8 is pressed against one end surface (sliding surface) of the counterpart material 10 with the surface pressure shown in Table 3. While being added to the material 10, the mating material 10 is rotated in the rotation direction R around the axis O at the speed shown in Table 3, and the amount of wear of the test body 8 at that time is measured.

作製した試験体８は、以下の表４に示すとおりである（試験体８Ｇ〜８Ｊ）。ここで、すべての試験体８Ｇ〜８Ｊの基材２には、サーマルボンド法により作製したフィルム化していないＰＥＴ不織布を用いている。また、すべての試験体８Ｇ〜８Ｊにおいて、ベース樹脂３には高分子量ＰＴＦＥおよび低分子量ＰＴＦＥを含有したフェノール樹脂を用いている。フェノール樹脂に対する高分子量ＰＴＦＥおよび低分子量ＰＴＦＥの配合比率は、フェノール樹脂１００重量部に対して高分子量ＰＴＦＥ３７．５重量部、低分子量ＰＴＦＥ５０重量部とした。また、フェノール樹脂に含有する高分子量ＰＴＦＥには、高分子量ＰＴＦＥ焼成粉である株式会社喜多村製のフッ素樹脂潤滑用添加剤ＫＴ−３００Ｍを用い、フェノール樹脂に含有する低分子量ＰＴＦＥには、低分子量ＰＴＦＥ焼成粉である株式会社喜多村製のフッ素樹脂潤滑用添加剤ＫＴＬ−２Ｎを用いた。また、試験体８Ｈ、８Ｊのベース樹脂３に用いるフェノール樹脂にはグラファイトをさらに含有させた。フェノール樹脂に対するグラファイトの配合比率は、フェノール樹脂１００重量部に対してグラファイト０．５重量部とした。また、フェノール樹脂に含有させるグラファイトには、日本黒鉛工業株式会社製の鱗状黒鉛粉Ｊ−ＡＣＰを用いた。また、試験体８Ｉ、８Ｊのベース樹脂３に用いるフェノール樹脂にはシリカをさらに含有させた。フェノール樹脂に対するシリカの配合比率は、フェノール樹脂１００重量部に対してシリカ０．２重量部とした。また、フェノール樹脂に含有させるシリカには、株式会社アドマテックス製の高純度合成球状シリカＳＯ−Ｃ１を用いた。   The prepared test body 8 is as shown in Table 4 below (test bodies 8G to 8J). Here, the non-film-formed PET nonwoven fabric produced by the thermal bond method is used for the base material 2 of all the test bodies 8G to 8J. In all the test bodies 8G to 8J, the base resin 3 is a phenol resin containing high molecular weight PTFE and low molecular weight PTFE. The blending ratio of the high molecular weight PTFE and the low molecular weight PTFE to the phenol resin was 37.5 parts by weight of the high molecular weight PTFE and 50 parts by weight of the low molecular weight PTFE with respect to 100 parts by weight of the phenol resin. In addition, for the high molecular weight PTFE contained in the phenol resin, a high molecular weight PTFE calcined powder Fluoroplastic Lubricating Additive KT-300M manufactured by Kitamura Co., Ltd. is used. For the low molecular weight PTFE contained in the phenol resin, the low molecular weight PTFE is used. Fluorine resin lubricating additive KTL-2N manufactured by Kitamura Co., Ltd., which is a PTFE fired powder, was used. Further, the phenol resin used for the base resin 3 of the test bodies 8H and 8J further contained graphite. The mixing ratio of graphite to phenol resin was 0.5 part by weight of graphite with respect to 100 parts by weight of phenol resin. Further, as graphite to be contained in the phenol resin, scale-like graphite powder J-ACP manufactured by Nippon Graphite Industry Co., Ltd. was used. Moreover, the phenol resin used for the base resin 3 of the test bodies 8I and 8J further contained silica. The compounding ratio of silica to phenol resin was 0.2 part by weight of silica with respect to 100 parts by weight of phenol resin. Moreover, the high purity synthetic spherical silica SO-C1 made from Admatechs Co., Ltd. was used for the silica contained in a phenol resin.

Figure 0006453248
Figure 0006453248

なお、表４において、不織布におけるフィルム化の有無の判断は、光学顕微鏡を使った観察により行い、この観察により、融着点に約５００μｍ四方の平坦領域が形成されていることが確認できた不織布は、フィルム化ありと判断して、基材２に採用しないこととした。   In Table 4, the presence or absence of film formation in the nonwoven fabric was determined by observation using an optical microscope, and this observation confirmed that a flat region of about 500 μm square was formed at the fusion point. Was determined to be filmed and was not adopted for the substrate 2.

図７は、表４に示す試験体８Ｇ〜８Ｊに対して、表１に示す条件にて行った大気中における平面往復動試験の試験結果および表３に示す条件にて行った水中におけるスラスト試験の試験結果を示す図である。ここで、縦軸は大気中および水中における摩耗量を示している。また、棒グラフ８０Ｇ〜８０Ｊは、試験体８Ｇ〜８Ｊの大気中における摩耗量の試験結果を示しており、棒グラフ８１Ｇ〜８１Ｊは、試験体８Ｇ〜８Ｊの水中における摩耗量の試験結果を示している。   FIG. 7 shows the test results of the plane reciprocation test in the air performed under the conditions shown in Table 1 for the specimens 8G to 8J shown in Table 4 and the thrust test in water performed under the conditions shown in Table 3. It is a figure which shows the test result of. Here, the vertical axis indicates the amount of wear in the air and water. The bar graphs 80G to 80J show the test results of the wear amount of the test bodies 8G to 8J in the atmosphere, and the bar graphs 81G to 81J show the test results of the test pieces 8G to 8J in water. .

図示するように、ベース樹脂３にグラファイトを含有するフェノール樹脂を用いた試験体８Ｈ、８Ｊは、ベース樹脂３にグラファイトおよびシリカのいずれも含有していないフェノール樹脂を用いた試験体８Ｇに比べて、水中における摩耗量が少なく、水中において、より優れた性能を示すことが確認された。また、ベース樹脂３にグラファイトおよびシリカの両方を含有するフェノール樹脂を用いた試験体８Ｊは、ベース樹脂３にグラファイトおよびシリカのいずれも含有していないフェノール樹脂を用いた試験体８Ｇに比べて、大気中および水中における摩耗量が少なく、いずれの環境下においても、より優れた性能を示すことが確認された。   As shown in the figure, the specimens 8H and 8J using the phenol resin containing graphite as the base resin 3 are compared with the specimen 8G using the phenol resin containing neither graphite nor silica as the base resin 3. It was confirmed that the amount of wear in water was small and that the performance was superior in water. Further, the test body 8J using the phenol resin containing both graphite and silica in the base resin 3 is compared with the test body 8G using the phenol resin containing neither graphite nor silica in the base resin 3. It was confirmed that the amount of wear in the atmosphere and water was small, and the performance was superior in any environment.

以上のことから、本発明者は、基材２に不織布を用いることにより、基材２に織布を用いた場合に比べて基材２とベース樹脂３の接着強度を向上させることができ、これにより、耐摩耗性を向上させることができることを見出した。   From the above, the present inventor can improve the adhesive strength between the base material 2 and the base resin 3 by using a non-woven fabric for the base material 2 as compared with the case where a woven fabric is used for the base material 2. Thereby, it discovered that abrasion resistance could be improved.

また、高分子量ＰＴＦＥおよび低分子量ＰＴＦＥの両方を含有するベース樹脂３を用いることにより、高分子量ＰＴＦＥおよび低分子量ＰＴＦＥの一方を含有するベース樹脂３を用いた場合と比べて、摩耗量を少なくすることができ、耐摩耗性を向上させることができることを見出した。   Further, by using the base resin 3 containing both high molecular weight PTFE and low molecular weight PTFE, the amount of wear is reduced as compared with the case where the base resin 3 containing one of high molecular weight PTFE and low molecular weight PTFE is used. It has been found that the wear resistance can be improved.

また、ベース樹脂３にグラファイトを含有させることにより、グラファイトを含有していないベース樹脂３を用いた場合と比べて、水中における耐摩耗性を向上させることができることを見出した。   Further, it has been found that by containing graphite in the base resin 3, the abrasion resistance in water can be improved as compared with the case where the base resin 3 not containing graphite is used.

また、ベース樹脂３にグラファイトおよびシリカを含有させることにより、ベース樹脂３にグラファイトおよびシリカを含有していないベース樹脂３を用いた場合と比べて、大気中および水中のいずれの環境下においても耐摩耗性を向上させることができることを見出した。   Further, by containing graphite and silica in the base resin 3, the base resin 3 is more resistant to both the atmosphere and the water than when the base resin 3 containing no graphite and silica is used. It has been found that the wearability can be improved.

以上、本発明の実施の形態を説明した。   The embodiment of the present invention has been described above.

不織布は、繊維同士を接着あるいは絡合させることにより作製されるため、繊維から撚り糸を作成して布地に織る必要がある織布に比べて製造コストが安い。   Since a nonwoven fabric is produced by bonding or intertwining fibers, the manufacturing cost is lower than that of a woven fabric in which a twisted yarn needs to be created from the fibers and woven into a fabric.

また、織布を基材として用いた場合は、ベース樹脂が、織布を構成する撚り糸の中心にまで浸み込みにくいため、ベース樹脂と基材を強固に接着することができない。これに対して不織布は、編み目がなく、繊維が均一に分散しているため、繊維の一本一本にベース樹脂が絡むことで、基材とベース樹脂との接着性が向上し、耐摩耗性、耐久性等の摺動特性が向上する。さらに織布を用いた場合のように、切削加工後に撚り糸の毛羽立ちが発生しないため、摺動部材の表面をより平滑にすることができるため、流体による良好な潤滑が得られやすくなり、水中環境下等の液体中における摺動特性も向上する。これらの効果は、不織布の融着点がフィルム化していなものを用いることにより、より顕著なものとなる。   Further, when the woven fabric is used as the base material, the base resin cannot easily penetrate into the center of the twisted yarn constituting the woven fabric, and thus the base resin and the base material cannot be firmly bonded. In contrast, non-woven fabrics have no stitches and the fibers are evenly dispersed, so that the base resin is entangled with each fiber, which improves the adhesion between the base material and the base resin, and wear resistance. Sliding properties such as durability and durability are improved. In addition, unlike the case of using a woven fabric, since the fuzz of the twisted yarn does not occur after the cutting process, the surface of the sliding member can be made smoother. The sliding property in the lower liquid is also improved. These effects become more prominent by using a non-woven fabric fusion point that is not formed into a film.

したがって、本実施の形態によれば、摺動部材の摺動層を構成する基材として不織布を用いることにより、織布を用いた場合に比べて、長期に亘り低摩擦特性、耐摩耗性、耐久性の向上等の良好な摺動特性を実現可能な摺動部材を、より安価に提供できる。   Therefore, according to the present embodiment, by using a non-woven fabric as the base material constituting the sliding layer of the sliding member, compared with the case of using a woven fabric, low friction characteristics, wear resistance, A sliding member capable of realizing good sliding characteristics such as improved durability can be provided at a lower cost.

また、本実施の形態において、サーマルボンド法、バインダ法等で作製された接着タイプの不織布を基材２に用いた場合、スパンレース法、ニードルパンチ法等で作製された絡合タイプの不織布と異なり、プリプレグ２２の製造工程において、基材２に加えられるテンションにより繊維同士の絡みがほどけてしまう可能性が少ない。このため、プリプレグ２２の製造工程における歩留りを向上させることができる。   In the present embodiment, when an adhesive type nonwoven fabric produced by a thermal bond method, a binder method or the like is used for the substrate 2, an entangled type nonwoven fabric produced by a spunlace method, a needle punch method or the like Unlikely, in the manufacturing process of the prepreg 22, there is little possibility that the fibers are untangled by the tension applied to the base material 2. For this reason, the yield in the manufacturing process of the prepreg 22 can be improved.

また、本実施の形態において、繊維同士の融着点がフィルム化していないサーマルボンド法で作製された不織布を基材２に用いた場合、繊維同士の融着点がフィルム化しているサーマルボンド法で作製された不織布を基材２に用いた場合に比べて、ベース樹脂３とのアンカー効果が高くなることにより密着力が向上し、これにより、ベース樹脂３が基材２から剥離する可能性を低くして、摺動部材１の長寿命化を図ることができる。   Moreover, in this Embodiment, when the nonwoven fabric produced by the thermal bond method in which the fusion | melting point of fibers is not formed into a film is used for the base material 2, the thermal bond method in which the fusion point of fibers is formed into a film Compared with the case where the non-woven fabric produced in step 1 is used for the base material 2, the anchoring effect with the base resin 3 is enhanced, thereby improving the adhesion, and the base resin 3 may be peeled off from the base material 2. Thus, the life of the sliding member 1 can be extended.

また、本実施の形態において、摺動部材１の摺動層２０を構成する基材２として、ＰＥＴ繊維からなる不織布を用いている。ＰＥＴ繊維は、ＰＴＦＥ繊維に比べて安価であり、また、ベース樹脂３として用いたフェノール樹脂との親和性が高いので、ＰＡ繊維等を混在させる必要もない。このため、不織布をより安価に作製することが可能となり、摺動部材１のコストをさらに低減させることができる。   Moreover, in this Embodiment, the nonwoven fabric which consists of PET fiber is used as the base material 2 which comprises the sliding layer 20 of the sliding member 1. FIG. The PET fiber is less expensive than the PTFE fiber and has high affinity with the phenol resin used as the base resin 3, so that it is not necessary to mix PA fiber or the like. For this reason, it becomes possible to produce a nonwoven fabric more cheaply, and the cost of the sliding member 1 can further be reduced.

また、本実施の形態によれば、摺動部材１の摺動層２０を構成するベース樹脂３に分子量の異なるＰＴＦＥを含有させることにより、耐摩耗性を向上させることができた。特に、ベース樹脂に高分子量ＰＴＦＥおよび低分子量ＰＴＦＥの両方を含有させることにより、ベース樹脂に高分子量ＰＴＦＥおよび低分子量ＰＴＦＥの一方を含有させた場合に比べて、良好な摺動特性を得ることができた。なお、本実施の形態では、ベース樹脂３に含有させるＰＴＦＥとしてＰＴＦＥ焼成粉を用いているが、焼成粉以外のＰＴＦＥを用いてもよい。本発明者は、ベース樹脂３に含有させるＰＴＦＥとして、ファインパウダーあるいはモールディングパウダーを用いた場合においても、高分子量ＰＴＦＥおよび低分子量ＰＴＦＥの両方を含有させることにより、ベース樹脂に高分子量ＰＴＦＥおよび低分子量ＰＴＦＥの一方を含有させた場合に比べて、良好な摺動特性を得ることができることを確認した。   Further, according to the present embodiment, the wear resistance can be improved by adding PTFE having different molecular weights to the base resin 3 constituting the sliding layer 20 of the sliding member 1. In particular, by incorporating both high molecular weight PTFE and low molecular weight PTFE into the base resin, it is possible to obtain better sliding characteristics than when the base resin contains one of high molecular weight PTFE and low molecular weight PTFE. did it. In the present embodiment, PTFE fired powder is used as the PTFE contained in the base resin 3, but PTFE other than the fired powder may be used. In the case where fine powder or molding powder is used as the PTFE to be contained in the base resin 3, the present inventor makes the base resin contain both high molecular weight PTFE and low molecular weight by containing both high molecular weight PTFE and low molecular weight PTFE. It was confirmed that better sliding characteristics can be obtained as compared with the case where one of PTFE is contained.

また、本実施の形態によれば、摺動部材１の摺動層２０を構成するベース樹脂３にグラファイトを含有させることにより、水中における耐摩耗性を向上させることができた。さらに、摺動部材１のベース樹脂３にグラファイトおよびシリカを含有させることにより、大気中および水中の両環境下における耐摩耗性を向上させることができた。   Moreover, according to this Embodiment, the abrasion resistance in water was able to be improved by making the base resin 3 which comprises the sliding layer 20 of the sliding member 1 contain a graphite. Furthermore, by including graphite and silica in the base resin 3 of the sliding member 1, it was possible to improve the wear resistance in both atmospheric and underwater environments.

なお、本実施の形態では、バッキング材２１と、バッキング材２１上に形成された摺動層２０と、を備える摺動部材１を例にとり説明したが、本発明は、バッキング材２１を有しない摺動層２０のみからなる摺動部材にも同様に適用可能である。   In the present embodiment, the sliding member 1 including the backing material 21 and the sliding layer 20 formed on the backing material 21 has been described as an example. However, the present invention does not include the backing material 21. The present invention can be similarly applied to a sliding member including only the sliding layer 20.

１：摺動部材、 ２：基材、 ３：ベース樹脂、 ４：樹脂液、 ５：液槽、 ６：不織布ロール、 ７：乾燥炉、 ８：試験体、 ９：相手材、 ２０：摺動層、 ２１：バッキング材、 ２２：プリレグ   1: sliding member, 2: base material, 3: base resin, 4: resin liquid, 5: liquid tank, 6: non-woven roll, 7: drying furnace, 8: specimen, 9: mating material, 20: sliding Layer, 21: backing material, 22: pre-leg

Claims (10)

基材と、前記基材に含浸されたベース樹脂と、を有する摺動層を備える摺動部材であって、
前記基材は、不織布であり、
前記ベース樹脂は、分子量の異なるＰＴＦＥを含む
ことを特徴とする摺動部材。A sliding member comprising a sliding layer having a base material and a base resin impregnated in the base material,
The substrate is a nonwoven fabric,
The base resin includes PTFE having different molecular weights. 請求項１に記載の摺動部材であって、
前記ベース樹脂は、
前記分子量の異なるＰＴＦＥとして高分子量ＰＴＦＥおよび低分子量ＰＴＦＥを含む
ことを特徴とする摺動部材。The sliding member according to claim 1,
The base resin is
A sliding member comprising high molecular weight PTFE and low molecular weight PTFE as the PTFE having different molecular weights. 請求項１または２に記載の摺動部材であって、
前記ベース樹脂は、グラファイトをさらに含む
ことを特徴とする摺動部材。The sliding member according to claim 1 or 2,
The base resin further includes graphite. 請求項１ないし３のいずれか一項に記載の摺動部材であって、
前記ベース樹脂は、シリカをさらに含む
ことを特徴とする摺動部材。The sliding member according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The base resin further includes silica. 請求項１ないし４のいずれか一項に記載の摺動部材であって、
前記ＰＴＦＥは、焼成粉末である
ことを特徴とする摺動部材。The sliding member according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The PTFE is a fired powder. 請求項１ないし５のいずれか一項に記載の摺動部材であって、
前記ベース樹脂は、熱硬化性樹脂であり、
前記基材は、ＰＥＴ繊維からなる不織布である
ことを特徴とする摺動部材。The sliding member according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The base resin is a thermosetting resin,
The sliding member, wherein the base material is a nonwoven fabric made of PET fiber. 請求項６に記載の摺動部材であって、
前記熱硬化性樹脂は、フェノール樹脂である
ことを特徴とする摺動部材。The sliding member according to claim 6,
The said thermosetting resin is a phenol resin. The sliding member characterized by the above-mentioned. 請求項１ないし７のいずれか一項に記載の摺動部材であって、
前記基材は、サーマルボンド法もしくはバインダ法で作製された接着タイプの不織布である
ことを特徴とする摺動部材。The sliding member according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
The sliding member, wherein the base material is an adhesive-type non-woven fabric produced by a thermal bond method or a binder method. 請求項８に記載の摺動部材であって、
前記サーマルボンド法で作製された接着タイプの不織布は、融着点がフィルム化されていない
ことを特徴とする摺動部材。The sliding member according to claim 8, wherein
The adhesive member produced by the thermal bond method is not formed into a film at the fusion point. 請求項１ないし７のいずれか一項に記載の摺動部材であって、
前記基材は、スパンレース法もしくはニードルパンチ法で作製された絡合タイプの不織布である
ことを特徴とする摺動部材。The sliding member according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
The sliding member, wherein the base material is an intertwined nonwoven fabric produced by a spunlace method or a needle punch method.
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