JP6449416B2 - Flavor improver - Google Patents
Flavor improver Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6449416B2 JP6449416B2 JP2017219386A JP2017219386A JP6449416B2 JP 6449416 B2 JP6449416 B2 JP 6449416B2 JP 2017219386 A JP2017219386 A JP 2017219386A JP 2017219386 A JP2017219386 A JP 2017219386A JP 6449416 B2 JP6449416 B2 JP 6449416B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- taste
- food
- amino acid
- acid
- flavor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- A23L27/40—Table salts; Dietetic salt substitutes
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- C12G—WINE; PREPARATION THEREOF; ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; PREPARATION OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES C12C OR C12H
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Description
本発明は、飲食品の風味改良剤および風味改良方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a flavor improving agent and a flavor improving method for foods and drinks.
食品の味質を向上する目的で、うま味調味料、酵母エキス、蛋白加水分解物、魚介エキス、畜肉エキス、醸造調味料等の調味料が用いられている。これらによって、食品にうま味や甘味、濃厚感を付与することができる。 For the purpose of improving the taste quality of foods, seasonings such as umami seasonings, yeast extracts, protein hydrolysates, seafood extracts, livestock meat extracts, and brewed seasonings are used. By these, umami, sweetness, and richness can be imparted to food.
他にも、持続性のあるうま味や特有の濃厚感を示す、こく味を付与する方法もある。例えば、メチオニンメチルスルフォニウム塩を添加する方法(例えば、特許文献1参照)、グルタチオンを添加する方法(例えば、特許文献2参照)、ピラジン化合物類を添加する方法(例えば、特許文献3参照)、穀物麹発酵物を添加する方法(例えば、特許文献4参照)、ペプチドとカルボニル化合物との反応物を添加する方法(例えば、特許文献5参照)、チアミンを添加する方法(例えば、特許文献6参照)などがある。 In addition, there is a method for imparting a kokumi that shows a persistent umami and a unique richness. For example, a method of adding methionine methylsulfonium salt (for example, see Patent Document 1), a method of adding glutathione (for example, see Patent Document 2), a method of adding pyrazine compounds (for example, see Patent Document 3) , A method of adding fermented cereal meal (for example, see Patent Document 4), a method of adding a reaction product of a peptide and a carbonyl compound (for example, see Patent Document 5), a method of adding thiamine (for example, Patent Document 6) See).
また、飲食品における突出した呈味、すなわち、風味の一つとしての味カドは食品としての特徴の一つになりうるが、通常、味カドを有する飲食品は味のバランスが崩れたものとして受け入れられることが多く、味カドの緩和が必要とされている。 Moreover, the outstanding taste in food and drink, that is, taste cadence as one of the flavors can be one of the characteristics as food, but normally food and drink with taste caddy are assumed to have an unbalanced taste. It is often accepted and relaxation of taste cadence is required.
例えば、酸味カドを緩和する方法としては、砂糖などの糖、高甘味度甘味剤(例えば、特許文献7参照)や、うま味物質等を加える方法がある。他にも、みりんやペプチドの緩衝作用を用いる方法や食酢に穀物または乳タンパク等の食品原料を発酵させた物質を混合させて酸味を低減した食品用加工酢などがある(例えば、特許文献8参照)。これらの方法は、別の味成分を添加するため、本来の味のバランスを壊してしまう問題や十分な緩和効果が得られないという問題があった。 For example, as a method of relieving sour cadence, there is a method of adding a sugar such as sugar, a high-intensity sweetener (see, for example, Patent Document 7), an umami substance, or the like. In addition, there are a method using a buffering action of mirin and peptides, and a processed vinegar for food in which acidity is reduced by mixing a material obtained by fermenting food raw materials such as grains or milk protein with vinegar (for example, Patent Document 8). reference). Since these methods add another taste component, there is a problem that the balance of the original taste is broken and a sufficient relaxation effect cannot be obtained.
塩カドの緩和についても、魚醤を用いて魚卵を加工する方法(例えば、特許文献9参照)が知られている。しかし、魚醤を用いることから、魚醤自体による着色が生じ、加えて、味のバランスが崩れてしまうという問題があった。 A method of processing fish eggs using fish soy (for example, see Patent Document 9) is also known for relaxing salt cadmium. However, since the fish sauce is used, coloring due to the fish sauce itself occurs, and in addition, there is a problem that the balance of taste is lost.
他にも、発酵・熟成などの工程を経ることによって、味カドを緩和する方法も行われているが、十分な緩和効果を得るためには、多大な時間とコストが費やされるという問題があった。 There are other methods of mitigating taste cadence by undergoing processes such as fermentation and ripening, but there is a problem that a great deal of time and costs are spent to obtain a sufficient mitigation effect. It was.
飲食品は味のバランスが重要なため、完成された味をさらに向上させる風味改良や味カドを緩和する風味改良を行うことを意図して、味質を付与する方法では、上記のように、本来の素材の風味のバランスを崩してしまう可能性がある。そこで、化合物自体には顕著な呈味はないが、呈味を有する化合物、飲食品と共存させることにより風味を改良する効果を有する化合物が希求されている。 Since the balance of taste is important for foods and beverages, the method of imparting taste quality with the intention of improving the flavor to further improve the finished taste and flavor improvement to alleviate taste cadence, as described above, There is a possibility that the flavor of the original material may be lost. Therefore, there is a demand for compounds that have no significant taste in the compounds themselves, but have a taste-improving compound, and compounds that have an effect of improving the flavor by coexisting with food and drink.
一部のD−アミノ酸は、ビール、ワイン、チーズなどの発酵食品中において検出されている(例えば、非特許文献1および2参照)が、D−アミノ酸と飲食品の風味改良効果との関連性は知られていなかった。 Some D-amino acids have been detected in fermented foods such as beer, wine, and cheese (see, for example, Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2), but the relationship between D-amino acids and the flavor improving effect of foods and drinks Was not known.
また、発酵食品や熟成食品中に含まれるD−アミノ酸の含有領域では、それ自体はほとんど無味であることから、D−アミノ酸に風味改良効果があることは全く予想されないことであった。 In addition, in the D-amino acid-containing region contained in fermented foods and aged foods, the D-amino acids themselves are almost tasteless, so that it was completely unexpected that the D-amino acids have a flavor improving effect.
本発明者らは、D−アミノ酸またはその塩を飲食品へ添加することにより、飲食品本来の味のバランスを崩すことなく飲食品の風味を改良できることを見出した。本発明はこれらの知見に基づくものである。 The present inventors have found that by adding D-amino acid or a salt thereof to a food or drink, the flavor of the food or drink can be improved without destroying the balance of the original taste of the food or drink. The present invention is based on these findings.
本発明は、風味や味のバランスを崩すことのない、風味改良剤、風味が改良された飲食品の製造方法、および飲食品の風味改良方法を提供することを目的とする。 An object of this invention is to provide the flavor improving agent, the manufacturing method of the food / beverage products by which the flavor was improved, and the flavor improvement method of food / beverage products which do not destroy the balance of flavor and taste.
本発明によれば以下の発明が提供される。
(1)D−アミノ酸またはその塩を有効成分として含有する、風味改良剤。
(2)風味改良剤が味カド緩和剤である、(1)に記載の風味改良剤。
(3)味カドが、酸味カド、塩カド、苦味カド、アルコールカド、および辛味カドからなる群から選択される一種または二種以上の味カドである、(2)に記載の風味改良剤。
(4)酸味物質、塩味物質、苦味物質、アルコール、または辛味物質をさらに含有する、(1)〜(3)いずれかの風味改良剤。
(5)D−アミノ酸またはその塩を飲食品へ添加する工程を含む、風味が改良された飲食品の製造方法。
(6)風味の改良が味カドの緩和である、(5)に記載の製造方法。
(7)D−アミノ酸またはその塩を飲食品へ添加する、飲食品の風味改良方法。
(8)風味改良方法が、味カド緩和方法である、(7)に記載の方法。
(9)味カドが、酸味カド、塩カド、苦味カド、アルコールカド、および辛味カドからなる群から選択される一種または二種以上の味カドである、(6)または(8)に記載の方法。
(10)(1)〜(4)いずれかに記載の風味改良剤を添加してなる、飲食品。
According to the present invention, the following inventions are provided.
(1) A flavor improving agent containing D-amino acid or a salt thereof as an active ingredient.
(2) The flavor improver according to (1), wherein the flavor improver is a taste cadence mitigator.
(3) The flavor improver according to (2), wherein the taste caddy is one or more taste caddies selected from the group consisting of sour cadmium, salt cadmium, bitter cadmium, alcohol cadmium, and pungent cadmium.
(4) The flavor improver according to any one of (1) to (3), further comprising a sour substance, a salty substance, a bitter substance, alcohol, or a pungent substance.
(5) The manufacturing method of the food / beverage products by which the flavor was improved including the process of adding D-amino acid or its salt to food / beverage products.
(6) The production method according to (5), wherein the flavor improvement is mild taste relaxation.
(7) A method for improving the flavor of a food or drink, comprising adding D-amino acid or a salt thereof to the food or drink.
(8) The method according to (7), wherein the flavor improving method is a taste cadence mitigation method.
(9) The taste caddy is one or more taste caddies selected from the group consisting of sour cadmium, salt cadmium, bitter cadmium, alcohol cadmium, and pungent caddy, according to (6) or (8) Method.
(10) A food or drink comprising the flavor improver according to any one of (1) to (4).
本発明によれば、飲食品本来の味のバランスを崩すことなく、風味が改良できる点が有利であり、風味改良剤、風味が改良された飲食品の製造方法、および飲食品の風味改良方法を提供することすることができる。 ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the point which can improve flavor, without destroying the balance of the original taste of food / beverage products is advantageous, a flavor improving agent, the manufacturing method of food / beverage products with improved flavor, and the method for improving the flavor of food / beverage products Can be provided.
本発明によれば、D−アミノ酸またはその塩を有効成分として含有する風味改良剤が提供される。 According to this invention, the flavor improving agent which contains D-amino acid or its salt as an active ingredient is provided.
本発明に用いられるD−アミノ酸は、飲食品への添加が許容されるD−アミノ酸であれば、特に制限はないが、例えば、D−オルニチン、D−メチオニン、D−フェニルアラニン、D−グルタミン、D−ヒスチジン、D−リジン、D−アスパラギン酸、D−トリプトファン、D−アスパラギン、D−トレオニン、D−バリン、D−プロリン、D−ロイシン、D−アラニン、D−グルタミン酸、D−アルギニン、D−システイン、D−イソロイシン、D−セリン、D−チロシンが挙げられ、好ましくはD−フェニルアラニン、D−グルタミン、D−ヒスチジン、D−メチオニン、D−オルニチン、D−リジン、D−アスパラギン酸、D−トリプトファン、D−アスパラギン、D−トレオニン、D−バリン、D−プロリン、D−ロイシン、D−アラニン、D−グルタミン酸が挙げられ、より好ましくはD−フェニルアラニン、D−グルタミン、D−ヒスチジン、D−オルニチン、D−リジン、D−アスパラギン酸、D−トリプトファン、D−アスパラギン、D−トレオニン、D−バリン、D−プロリン、D−ロイシン、D−アラニン、D−グルタミン酸が挙げられ、さらに好ましくはD−プロリンが挙げられる。 The D-amino acid used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a D-amino acid that can be added to foods and drinks. For example, D-ornithine, D-methionine, D-phenylalanine, D-glutamine, D-histidine, D-lysine, D-aspartic acid, D-tryptophan, D-asparagine, D-threonine, D-valine, D-proline, D-leucine, D-alanine, D-glutamic acid, D-arginine, D -Cysteine, D-isoleucine, D-serine, D-tyrosine, preferably D-phenylalanine, D-glutamine, D-histidine, D-methionine, D-ornithine, D-lysine, D-aspartic acid, D -Tryptophan, D-asparagine, D-threonine, D-valine, D-proline, D-leucine, D-a N- and D-glutamic acid, and more preferably D-phenylalanine, D-glutamine, D-histidine, D-ornithine, D-lysine, D-aspartic acid, D-tryptophan, D-asparagine, D-threonine, D -Valine, D-proline, D-leucine, D-alanine, D-glutamic acid are mentioned, More preferably, D-proline is mentioned.
本発明におけるD−アミノ酸またはその塩は、常法により合成したものを用いてもよいし、市販品を用いてもよい。また、天然または合成の供給源から、それらを常法により単離、精製して用いてもよい。 As the D-amino acid or salt thereof in the present invention, those synthesized by conventional methods may be used, or commercially available products may be used. They may also be isolated and purified from natural or synthetic sources by conventional methods.
D−アミノ酸の塩は、飲食品への添加が許容される塩であれば特に制限はなく、例えば、酸付加塩、金属塩、アンモニウム塩、有機アミン付加塩、アミノ酸付加塩等が挙げられる。 The salt of D-amino acid is not particularly limited as long as it can be added to food and drink, and examples thereof include acid addition salts, metal salts, ammonium salts, organic amine addition salts, and amino acid addition salts.
酸付加塩としては、塩酸塩、硫酸塩、硝酸塩、リン酸塩等の無機酸塩、酢酸塩、マレイン酸塩、フマル酸塩、クエン酸塩、リンゴ酸塩、乳酸塩、α−ケトグルタル酸塩、グルコン酸塩、カプリル酸塩等の有機酸塩が挙げられる。 Acid addition salts include inorganic acid salts such as hydrochloride, sulfate, nitrate, phosphate, acetate, maleate, fumarate, citrate, malate, lactate, α-ketoglutarate , Organic acid salts such as gluconate and caprylate.
金属塩としては、ナトリウム塩、カリウム塩等のアルカリ金属塩、マグネシウム塩、カルシウム塩等のアルカリ土類金属塩、アルミニウム塩、亜鉛塩等が挙げられる。 Examples of the metal salt include alkali metal salts such as sodium salt and potassium salt, alkaline earth metal salts such as magnesium salt and calcium salt, aluminum salt, zinc salt and the like.
アンモニウム塩としては、アンモニウム、テトラメチルアンモニウム等の塩があげられる。有機アミン付加塩としては、モルホリン、ピペリジン等の塩が挙げられる。 Examples of ammonium salts include salts such as ammonium and tetramethylammonium. Examples of the organic amine addition salt include salts of morpholine, piperidine and the like.
アミノ酸付加塩としては、グリシン、フェニルアラニン、リジン、アスパラギン酸、グルタミン酸等の塩が挙げられる。 Examples of amino acid addition salts include salts of glycine, phenylalanine, lysine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid and the like.
本発明ではD−アミノ酸またはその塩を単独で用いてもよいが、二種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。二種以上を組み合わせて用いる場合は、各D−アミノ酸をどのように組み合わせてもよい。例えば、以下のD−アミノ酸の組み合わせを挙げることができ、以下の組み合わせに含まれるアミノ酸の一または二以上をそのアミノ酸の塩と置き換えて組み合わせてよく、もしくはそのアミノ酸の塩を追加してもよい。 In the present invention, the D-amino acid or a salt thereof may be used alone, but two or more kinds may be used in combination. When using combining 2 or more types, you may combine each D-amino acid how. For example, the following combinations of D-amino acids can be mentioned, and one or two or more of the amino acids contained in the following combinations may be replaced with a salt of the amino acid, or a salt of the amino acid may be added. .
D−アミノ酸の二種の組み合わせの一つの態様として、D−オルニチンとD−メチオニン、D−オルニチンとD−フェニルアラニン、D−オルニチンとD−グルタミン、D−オルニチンとD−ヒスチジン、D−オルニチンとD−リジン、D−オルニチンとD−アスパラギン酸、D−オルニチンとD−トリプトファン、D−オルニチンとD−アスパラギン、D−オルニチンとD−トレオニン、D−オルニチンとD−バリン、D−オルニチンとD−プロリン、D−オルニチンとD−ロイシン、D−オルニチンとD−アラニン、D−オルニチンとD−グルタミン酸、D−オルニチンとD−アルギニン、D−オルニチンとD−システイン、D−オルニチンとD−イソロイシン、D−オルニチンとD−セリン、D−オルニチンとD−チロシンを挙げることができる。 As one embodiment of two combinations of D-amino acids, D-ornithine and D-methionine, D-ornithine and D-phenylalanine, D-ornithine and D-glutamine, D-ornithine and D-histidine, D-ornithine and D-lysine, D-ornithine and D-aspartic acid, D-ornithine and D-tryptophan, D-ornithine and D-asparagine, D-ornithine and D-threonine, D-ornithine and D-valine, D-ornithine and D Proline, D-ornithine and D-leucine, D-ornithine and D-alanine, D-ornithine and D-glutamic acid, D-ornithine and D-arginine, D-ornithine and D-cysteine, D-ornithine and D-isoleucine , D-ornithine and D-serine, D-ornithine and D-tyrosine Can.
また、D−アミノ酸の二種の組み合わせの別の態様として、D−メチオニンとD−フェニルアラニン、D−メチオニンとD−グルタミン、D−メチオニンとD−ヒスチジン、D−メチオニンとD−リジン、D−メチオニンとD−アスパラギン酸、D−メチオニンとD−トリプトファン、D−メチオニンとD−アスパラギン、D−メチオニンとD−トレオニン、D−メチオニンとD−バリン、D−メチオニンとD−プロリン、D−メチオニンとD−ロイシン、D−メチオニンとD−アラニン、D−メチオニンとD−グルタミン酸、D−メチオニンとD−アルギニン、D−メチオニンとD−システイン、D−メチオニンとD−イソロイシン、D−メチオニンとD−セリン、D−メチオニンとD−チロシンを挙げることができる。 Further, as another embodiment of the two kinds of combinations of D-amino acids, D-methionine and D-phenylalanine, D-methionine and D-glutamine, D-methionine and D-histidine, D-methionine and D-lysine, D- Methionine and D-aspartic acid, D-methionine and D-tryptophan, D-methionine and D-asparagine, D-methionine and D-threonine, D-methionine and D-valine, D-methionine and D-proline, D-methionine And D-leucine, D-methionine and D-alanine, D-methionine and D-glutamic acid, D-methionine and D-arginine, D-methionine and D-cysteine, D-methionine and D-isoleucine, D-methionine and D -Serine, D-methionine and D-tyrosine can be mentioned.
また、D−アミノ酸の二種の組み合わせの別の態様として、D−フェニルアラニンとD−グルタミン、D−フェニルアラニンとD−ヒスチジン、D−フェニルアラニンとD−リジン、D−フェニルアラニンとD−アスパラギン酸、D−フェニルアラニンとD−トリプトファン、D−フェニルアラニンとD−アスパラギン、D−フェニルアラニンとD−トレオニン、D−フェニルアラニンとD−バリン、D−フェニルアラニンとD−プロリン、D−フェニルアラニンとD−ロイシン、D−フェニルアラニンとD−アラニン、D−フェニルアラニンとD−グルタミン酸、D−フェニルアラニンとD−アルギニン、D−フェニルアラニンとD−システイン、D−フェニルアラニンとD−イソロイシン、D−フェニルアラニンとD−セリン、D−フェニルアラニンとD−チロシンを挙げることができる。 Further, as another embodiment of the two kinds of combinations of D-amino acids, D-phenylalanine and D-glutamine, D-phenylalanine and D-histidine, D-phenylalanine and D-lysine, D-phenylalanine and D-aspartic acid, D -Phenylalanine and D-tryptophan, D-phenylalanine and D-asparagine, D-phenylalanine and D-threonine, D-phenylalanine and D-valine, D-phenylalanine and D-proline, D-phenylalanine and D-leucine, D-phenylalanine And D-alanine, D-phenylalanine and D-glutamic acid, D-phenylalanine and D-arginine, D-phenylalanine and D-cysteine, D-phenylalanine and D-isoleucine, D-phenylalanine and D-serine, D-Fe It can be mentioned Ruaranin and D- tyrosine.
また、D−アミノ酸の二種の組み合わせの別の態様として、D−グルタミンとD−ヒスチジン、D−グルタミンとD−リジン、D−グルタミンとD−アスパラギン酸、D−グルタミンとD−トリプトファン、D−グルタミンとD−アスパラギン、D−グルタミンとD−トレオニン、D−グルタミンとD−バリン、D−グルタミンとD−プロリン、D−グルタミンとD−ロイシン、D−グルタミンとD−アラニン、D−グルタミンとD−グルタミン酸、D−グルタミンとD−アルギニン、D−グルタミンとD−システイン、D−グルタミンとD−イソロイシン、D−グルタミンとD−セリン、D−グルタミンとD−チロシンを挙げることができる。 Further, as another embodiment of the two kinds of combinations of D-amino acids, D-glutamine and D-histidine, D-glutamine and D-lysine, D-glutamine and D-aspartic acid, D-glutamine and D-tryptophan, D -Glutamine and D-asparagine, D-glutamine and D-threonine, D-glutamine and D-valine, D-glutamine and D-proline, D-glutamine and D-leucine, D-glutamine and D-alanine, D-glutamine And D-glutamic acid, D-glutamine and D-arginine, D-glutamine and D-cysteine, D-glutamine and D-isoleucine, D-glutamine and D-serine, D-glutamine and D-tyrosine.
また、D−アミノ酸の二種の組み合わせの別の態様として、D−ヒスチジンとD−リジン、D−ヒスチジンとD−アスパラギン酸、D−ヒスチジンとD−トリプトファン、D−ヒスチジンとD−アスパラギン、D−ヒスチジンとD−トレオニン、D−ヒスチジンとD−バリン、D−ヒスチジンとD−プロリン、D−ヒスチジンとD−ロイシン、D−ヒスチジンとD−アラニン、D−ヒスチジンとD−グルタミン酸、D−ヒスチジンとD−アルギニン、D−ヒスチジンとD−システイン、D−ヒスチジンとD−イソロイシン、D−ヒスチジンとD−セリン、D−ヒスチジンとD−チロシンを挙げることができる。 Further, as another embodiment of the two kinds of combinations of D-amino acids, D-histidine and D-lysine, D-histidine and D-aspartic acid, D-histidine and D-tryptophan, D-histidine and D-asparagine, D Histidine and D-threonine, D-histidine and D-valine, D-histidine and D-proline, D-histidine and D-leucine, D-histidine and D-alanine, D-histidine and D-glutamic acid, D-histidine And D-arginine, D-histidine and D-cysteine, D-histidine and D-isoleucine, D-histidine and D-serine, D-histidine and D-tyrosine.
また、D−アミノ酸の二種の組み合わせの別の態様として、D−リジンとD−アスパラギン酸、D−リジンとD−トリプトファン、D−リジンとD−アスパラギン、D−リジンとD−トレオニン、D−リジンとD−バリン、D−リジンとD−プロリン、D−リジンとD−ロイシン、D−リジンとD−アラニン、D−リジンとD−グルタミン酸、D−リジンとD−アルギニン、D−リジンとD−システイン、D−リジンとD−イソロイシン、D−リジンとD−セリン、D−リジンとD−チロシンを挙げることができる。 Further, as another embodiment of the two combinations of D-amino acids, D-lysine and D-aspartic acid, D-lysine and D-tryptophan, D-lysine and D-asparagine, D-lysine and D-threonine, D -Lysine and D-valine, D-lysine and D-proline, D-lysine and D-leucine, D-lysine and D-alanine, D-lysine and D-glutamic acid, D-lysine and D-arginine, D-lysine And D-cysteine, D-lysine and D-isoleucine, D-lysine and D-serine, D-lysine and D-tyrosine.
また、D−アミノ酸の二種の組み合わせの別の態様として、D−アスパラギン酸とD−トリプトファン、D−アスパラギン酸とD−アスパラギン、D−アスパラギン酸とD−トレオニン、D−アスパラギン酸とD−バリン、D−アスパラギン酸とD−プロリン、D−アスパラギン酸とD−ロイシン、D−アスパラギン酸とD−アラニン、D−アスパラギン酸とD−グルタミン酸、D−アスパラギン酸とD−アルギニン、D−アスパラギン酸とD−システイン、D−アスパラギン酸とD−イソロイシン、D−アスパラギン酸とD−セリン、D−アスパラギン酸とD−チロシンを挙げることができる。 Further, as another embodiment of the two combinations of D-amino acids, D-aspartic acid and D-tryptophan, D-aspartic acid and D-aspartic acid, D-aspartic acid and D-threonine, D-aspartic acid and D- Valine, D-aspartic acid and D-proline, D-aspartic acid and D-leucine, D-aspartic acid and D-alanine, D-aspartic acid and D-glutamic acid, D-aspartic acid and D-arginine, D-asparagine Examples include acids and D-cysteine, D-aspartic acid and D-isoleucine, D-aspartic acid and D-serine, and D-aspartic acid and D-tyrosine.
また、D−アミノ酸の二種の組み合わせの別の態様として、D−トリプトファンとD−アスパラギン、D−トリプトファンとD−トレオニン、D−トリプトファンとD−バリン、D−トリプトファンとD−プロリン、D−トリプトファンとD−ロイシン、D−トリプトファンとD−アラニン、D−トリプトファンとD−グルタミン酸、D−トリプトファンとD−アルギニン、D−トリプトファンとD−システイン、D−トリプトファンとD−イソロイシン、D−トリプトファンとD−セリン、D−トリプトファンとD−チロシンを挙げることができる。 Further, as another embodiment of the two kinds of combinations of D-amino acids, D-tryptophan and D-asparagine, D-tryptophan and D-threonine, D-tryptophan and D-valine, D-tryptophan and D-proline, D- Tryptophan and D-leucine, D-tryptophan and D-alanine, D-tryptophan and D-glutamic acid, D-tryptophan and D-arginine, D-tryptophan and D-cysteine, D-tryptophan and D-isoleucine, D-tryptophan and Mention may be made of D-serine, D-tryptophan and D-tyrosine.
また、D−アミノ酸の二種の組み合わせの別の態様として、D−アスパラギンとD−トレオニン、D−アスパラギンとD−バリン、D−アスパラギンとD−プロリン、D−アスパラギンとD−ロイシン、D−アスパラギンとD−アラニン、D−アスパラギンとD−グルタミン酸、D−アスパラギンとD−アルギニン、D−アスパラギンとD−システイン、D−アスパラギンとD−イソロイシン、D−アスパラギンとD−セリン、D−アスパラギンとD−チロシンを挙げることができる。 Further, as another embodiment of the two kinds of combinations of D-amino acids, D-asparagine and D-threonine, D-asparagine and D-valine, D-asparagine and D-proline, D-asparagine and D-leucine, D- Asparagine and D-alanine, D-asparagine and D-glutamic acid, D-asparagine and D-arginine, D-asparagine and D-cysteine, D-asparagine and D-isoleucine, D-asparagine and D-serine, D-asparagine Mention may be made of D-tyrosine.
また、D−アミノ酸の二種の組み合わせの別の態様として、D−トレオニンとD−バリン、D−トレオニンとD−プロリン、D−トレオニンとD−ロイシン、D−トレオニンとD−アラニン、D−トレオニンとD−グルタミン酸、D−トレオニンとD−アルギニン、D−トレオニンとD−システイン、D−トレオニンとD−イソロイシン、D−トレオニンとD−セリン、D−トレオニンとD−チロシンを挙げることができる。 Further, as another embodiment of the two combinations of D-amino acids, D-threonine and D-valine, D-threonine and D-proline, D-threonine and D-leucine, D-threonine and D-alanine, D- Mention may be made of threonine and D-glutamic acid, D-threonine and D-arginine, D-threonine and D-cysteine, D-threonine and D-isoleucine, D-threonine and D-serine, D-threonine and D-tyrosine. .
また、D−アミノ酸の二種の組み合わせの別の態様として、D−バリンとD−プロリン、D−バリンとD−ロイシン、D−バリンとD−アラニン、D−バリンとD−グルタミン酸、D−バリンとD−アルギニン、D−バリンとD−システイン、D−バリンとD−イソロイシン、D−バリンとD−セリン、D−バリンとD−チロシンを挙げることができる。 Further, as another embodiment of the two combinations of D-amino acids, D-valine and D-proline, D-valine and D-leucine, D-valine and D-alanine, D-valine and D-glutamic acid, D- Examples include valine and D-arginine, D-valine and D-cysteine, D-valine and D-isoleucine, D-valine and D-serine, and D-valine and D-tyrosine.
また、D−アミノ酸の二種の組み合わせの別の態様として、D−バリンとD−プロリン、D−バリンとD−ロイシン、D−バリンとD−アラニン、D−バリンとD−グルタミン酸、D−バリンとD−アルギニン、D−バリンとD−システイン、D−バリンとD−イソロイシン、D−バリンとD−セリン、D−バリンとD−チロシンを挙げることができる。 Further, as another embodiment of the two combinations of D-amino acids, D-valine and D-proline, D-valine and D-leucine, D-valine and D-alanine, D-valine and D-glutamic acid, D- Examples include valine and D-arginine, D-valine and D-cysteine, D-valine and D-isoleucine, D-valine and D-serine, and D-valine and D-tyrosine.
また、D−アミノ酸の二種の組み合わせの別の態様として、D−プロリンとD−ロイシン、D−プロリンとD−アラニン、D−プロリンとD−グルタミン酸、D−プロリンとD−アルギニン、D−プロリンとD−システイン、D−プロリンとD−イソロイシン、D−プロリンとD−セリン、D−プロリンとD−チロシンを挙げることができる。 Further, as another embodiment of the two combinations of D-amino acids, D-proline and D-leucine, D-proline and D-alanine, D-proline and D-glutamic acid, D-proline and D-arginine, D- Examples include proline and D-cysteine, D-proline and D-isoleucine, D-proline and D-serine, and D-proline and D-tyrosine.
また、D−アミノ酸の二種の組み合わせの別の態様として、D−ロイシンとD−アラニン、D−ロイシンとD−グルタミン酸、D−ロイシンとD−アルギニン、D−ロイシンとD−システイン、D−ロイシンとD−イソロイシン、D−ロイシンとD−セリン、D−ロイシンとD−チロシンを挙げることができる。 Further, as another embodiment of the two combinations of D-amino acids, D-leucine and D-alanine, D-leucine and D-glutamic acid, D-leucine and D-arginine, D-leucine and D-cysteine, D- Examples include leucine and D-isoleucine, D-leucine and D-serine, and D-leucine and D-tyrosine.
また、D−アミノ酸の二種の組み合わせの別の態様として、D−アラニンとD−グルタミン酸、D−アラニンとD−アルギニン、D−アラニンとD−システイン、D−アラニンとD−イソロイシン、D−アラニンとD−セリン、D−アラニンとD−チロシンを挙げることができる。 Further, as another embodiment of the two combinations of D-amino acids, D-alanine and D-glutamic acid, D-alanine and D-arginine, D-alanine and D-cysteine, D-alanine and D-isoleucine, D- Alanine and D-serine, D-alanine and D-tyrosine can be mentioned.
また、D−アミノ酸の二種の組み合わせの別の態様として、D−グルタミン酸とD−アルギニン、D−グルタミン酸とD−システイン、D−グルタミン酸とD−イソロイシン、D−グルタミン酸とD−セリン、D−グルタミン酸とD−チロシンを挙げることができる。 Further, as another embodiment of the two kinds of combinations of D-amino acids, D-glutamic acid and D-arginine, D-glutamic acid and D-cysteine, D-glutamic acid and D-isoleucine, D-glutamic acid and D-serine, D- Mention may be made of glutamic acid and D-tyrosine.
また、D−アミノ酸の二種の組み合わせの別の態様として、D−アルギニンとD−システイン、D−アルギニンとD−イソロイシン、D−アルギニンとD−セリン、D−アルギニンとD−チロシンを挙げることができる。 Further, as another embodiment of the two combinations of D-amino acids, D-arginine and D-cysteine, D-arginine and D-isoleucine, D-arginine and D-serine, D-arginine and D-tyrosine are mentioned. Can do.
また、D−アミノ酸の二種の組み合わせの別の態様として、D−システインとD−イソロイシン、D−システインとD−セリン、D−システインとD−チロシンを挙げることができる。 Moreover, D-cysteine and D-isoleucine, D-cysteine and D-serine, D-cysteine and D-tyrosine can be mentioned as another aspect of 2 types of combinations of D-amino acid.
また、D−アミノ酸の二種の組み合わせの別の態様として、D−イソロイシンとD−セリン、D−イソロイシンとD−チロシンを挙げることができる。 Moreover, D-isoleucine and D-serine, D-isoleucine and D-tyrosine can be mentioned as another aspect of 2 types of combinations of D-amino acid.
また、D−アミノ酸の二種の組み合わせの別の態様として、D−セリンとD−チロシンを挙げることができる。 Moreover, D-serine and D-tyrosine can be mentioned as another aspect of 2 types of combinations of D-amino acid.
D−アミノ酸の三種の組み合わせの一つの態様として、例えば、D−アラニンとD−アスパラギン酸とD−グルタミン酸、D−アラニンとD−アスパラギン酸とD−プロリン、D−アラニンとD−グルタミン酸とD−プロリン、D−アスパラギン酸とD−グルタミン酸とD−プロリンを挙げることができる。 As an embodiment of the three combinations of D-amino acids, for example, D-alanine, D-aspartic acid and D-glutamic acid, D-alanine, D-aspartic acid and D-proline, D-alanine, D-glutamic acid and D -Proline, D-aspartic acid, D-glutamic acid and D-proline can be mentioned.
また、D−アミノ酸の四種の組み合わせの一つの態様として、例えば、D−アラニンとD−アスパラギン酸とD−グルタミン酸とD−プロリンが挙げることができる。 Moreover, as one aspect of four types of combinations of D-amino acid, D-alanine, D-aspartic acid, D-glutamic acid, and D-proline can be mentioned, for example.
また、D−アミノ酸の組み合わせの好ましい態様によれば、D−グルタミン酸とD−アスパラギン酸、D−グルタミン酸とD−プロリン、D−グルタミン酸とD−アラニン、D−アスパラギン酸とD−プロリン、D−アスパラギン酸とD−アラニン、D−プロリンとD−アラニン、D−アスパラギン酸とD−グルタミン酸とD−プロリン、D−アラニンとD−アスパラギン酸とD−グルタミン酸とD−プロリンが挙げられ、より好ましくは、D−グルタミン酸とD−アスパラギン酸、D−グルタミン酸とD−プロリン、D−アスパラギン酸とD−プロリン、D−アスパラギン酸とD−グルタミン酸とD−プロリン、D−アラニンとD−アスパラギン酸とD−グルタミン酸とD−プロリンの組み合わせが挙げられる。 According to a preferred embodiment of the combination of D-amino acids, D-glutamic acid and D-aspartic acid, D-glutamic acid and D-proline, D-glutamic acid and D-alanine, D-aspartic acid and D-proline, D- Aspartic acid and D-alanine, D-proline and D-alanine, D-aspartic acid and D-glutamic acid and D-proline, D-alanine, D-aspartic acid, D-glutamic acid and D-proline are preferable, and more preferable. D-glutamic acid and D-aspartic acid, D-glutamic acid and D-proline, D-aspartic acid and D-proline, D-aspartic acid and D-glutamic acid and D-proline, D-alanine and D-aspartic acid and A combination of D-glutamic acid and D-proline can be mentioned.
本発明の好ましい態様によれば、風味改良剤は味カド緩和剤である。味カドは、酸味物質(例えば、酢酸)が関与する酸味カド、塩味物質(例えば、塩化ナトリウム)が関与する塩カド、苦味物質(例えば、マグネシウム、カリウム、カテキン、クロロゲン酸、タンニン)が関与する苦味カド、アルコール(例えば、エタノール)が関与するアルコールカド、および辛味物質(例えば、カプサイシン)が関与する辛味カドからなる群から選択される一種または二種以上の味カドであることが好ましく、より好ましくは、酸味カド、塩カド、苦味カド、およびアルコールカドからなる群から選択される一種または二種以上の味カドであることが好ましい。 According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the flavor improver is a taste cadence mitigator. Taste caddies involve sour caddies involving sour substances (eg acetic acid), salt caddies involving salty substances (eg sodium chloride), bitter substances (eg magnesium, potassium, catechin, chlorogenic acid, tannin). Preferably, the taste caddy is selected from the group consisting of bitter caddies, alcohol caddies involving alcohol (eg, ethanol), and pungent cadres involving pungent substances (eg, capsaicin), and more Preferably, it is one kind or two or more kinds of taste CAD selected from the group consisting of acidity, salt, bitterness, and alcohol.
味カド緩和剤として用いられる好ましいD−アミノ酸としては、D−オルニチン、D−メチオニン、D−フェニルアラニン、D−グルタミン、D−ヒスチジン、D−アスパラギン酸、D−トリプトファン、D−アスパラギン、D−トレオニン、D−プロリン、D−グルタミン酸、D−アルギニン、D−システイン、D−セリン、およびD−チロシンからなる群から選択される一種または二種以上が挙げられる。 D-ornithine, D-methionine, D-phenylalanine, D-glutamine, D-histidine, D-aspartic acid, D-tryptophan, D-asparagine, D-threonine are preferable D-amino acids used as taste cadence mitigants. , D-proline, D-glutamic acid, D-arginine, D-cysteine, D-serine, and one or more selected from the group consisting of D-tyrosine.
酸味カドの緩和には、D−フェニルアラニン、D−グルタミン、D−ヒスチジン、D−メチオニン、D−オルニチン、D−リジン、D−アスパラギン酸、D−トリプトファン、およびD−アスパラギンからなる群から選択される一種または二種以上のD−アミノ酸が好ましく用いられ、D−フェニルアラニン、D−グルタミン、D−ヒスチジン、D−メチオニン、およびD−オルニチンからなる群から選択される一種または二種以上のD−アミノ酸がより好ましく用いられる。また、酸味カドを緩和するための好ましい態様によれば、D−フェニルアラニンおよびD−グルタミン、D−フェニルアラニンおよびD−ヒスチジン、またはD−グルタミンおよびD−ヒスチジンを組み合わせて用いることができる。 The sour caddy relaxation is selected from the group consisting of D-phenylalanine, D-glutamine, D-histidine, D-methionine, D-ornithine, D-lysine, D-aspartic acid, D-tryptophan, and D-asparagine. One or more D-amino acids are preferably used, and one or more D-amino acids selected from the group consisting of D-phenylalanine, D-glutamine, D-histidine, D-methionine, and D-ornithine are used. Amino acids are more preferably used. Moreover, according to the preferable aspect for relieving sour cadence, D-phenylalanine and D-glutamine, D-phenylalanine and D-histidine, or D-glutamine and D-histidine can be used in combination.
また、塩カドの緩和には、D−トリプトファン、D−アスパラギン酸、D−アスパラギン、D−フェニルアラニン、およびD−グルタミン酸からなる群から選択される一種または二種以上のD−アミノ酸が好ましく用いられ、D−トリプトファンおよびD−アスパラギン酸からなる群から選択される一種または二種のD−アミノ酸がより好ましく用いられる。また、塩カドを緩和するための好ましい態様によれば、D−トリプトファンおよびD−アスパラギン酸、D−トリプトファンおよびD−アスパラギン、またはD−アスパラギン酸およびD−アスパラギンを組み合わせて用いることができる。 In order to relieve salt cadmium, one or more D-amino acids selected from the group consisting of D-tryptophan, D-aspartic acid, D-asparagine, D-phenylalanine, and D-glutamic acid are preferably used. One or two D-amino acids selected from the group consisting of D-tryptophan and D-aspartic acid are more preferably used. Moreover, according to the preferable aspect for relieving salt cadmium, D-tryptophan and D-aspartic acid, D-tryptophan and D-asparagine, or D-aspartic acid and D-asparagine can be used in combination.
また、苦味カドの緩和には、D−トリプトファン、D−アスパラギン酸、D−フェニルアラニン、D−ロイシン、およびD−グルタミン酸からなる群から選択される一種または二種以上のD−アミノ酸が好ましく用いられ、D−トリプトファンおよびD−アスパラギン酸からなる群から選択される一種または二種のD−アミノ酸がより好ましく用いられる。また、苦味カドを緩和するための好ましい態様によれば、D−トリプトファンおよびD−アスパラギン酸、D−トリプトファンおよびD−フェニルアラニン、またはD−アスパラギン酸およびD−フェニルアラニンを組み合わせて用いることができる。 In order to alleviate bitter taste, one or more D-amino acids selected from the group consisting of D-tryptophan, D-aspartic acid, D-phenylalanine, D-leucine, and D-glutamic acid are preferably used. One or two D-amino acids selected from the group consisting of D-tryptophan and D-aspartic acid are more preferably used. Moreover, according to the preferable aspect for relieving bitter taste cadmium, D-tryptophan and D-aspartic acid, D-tryptophan and D-phenylalanine, or D-aspartic acid and D-phenylalanine can be used in combination.
また、アルコールカドの緩和には、D−グルタミン、D−トリプトファン、およびD−グルタミン酸からなる群から選択される一種または二種以上のD−アミノ酸が好ましく用いられ、D−グルタミン酸がより好ましく用いられる。また、アルコールカドを緩和するための好ましい態様によれば、D−グルタミンおよびD−トリプトファン、D−グルタミンおよびD−グルタミン酸、またはD−トリプトファンおよびD−グルタミン酸を組み合わせて用いることができる。 In addition, for relaxation of alcohol caddy, one or more D-amino acids selected from the group consisting of D-glutamine, D-tryptophan, and D-glutamic acid are preferably used, and D-glutamic acid is more preferably used. . Moreover, according to the preferable aspect for relieving alcohol cadmium, D-glutamine and D-tryptophan, D-glutamine and D-glutamic acid, or D-tryptophan and D-glutamic acid can be used in combination.
本発明のより好ましい別の態様によれば、D−アラニンと、D−アスパラギン酸と、D−グルタミン酸と、D−プロリンとを混合して用いることにより、味カドが改善できる。 According to another more preferable aspect of the present invention, taste cadence can be improved by using a mixture of D-alanine, D-aspartic acid, D-glutamic acid, and D-proline.
本発明の別の好ましい態様によれば、風味改良が、風味向上であってもよく、また甘味の向上、味のまとまりの向上、濃厚さの向上、持続性の向上、煮込み感の向上、卵感の向上、および油脂感の向上からなる群から選択される一種または二種以上の風味改良であり、より好ましい態様によれば、風味改良が、味のまとまりの向上、濃厚さの向上、持続性の向上、卵感の向上、および煮込み感の向上からなる群から選択される一種または二種以上の風味改良である。これらの中でも、味のまとまりの向上、濃厚さの向上、持続性の向上、卵感の向上が好ましく、持続性の向上が最も好ましい。なお、「持続性」は喫食してから暫く経っても口の中に呈味を感じることをいう。これらの風味改良(向上)には、好ましくは、D−フェニルアラニン、D−ロイシン、D−アスパラギン酸、D−グルタミン酸、およびD−プロリンからなる群から選択される一種または二種以上のD−アミノ酸またはそれらの塩が好ましく用いられ、さらに好ましくは、D−プロリンまたはその塩が用いられる。また、本発明の好ましい別の態様によれば、風味改良剤として、D−アラニンと、D−アスパラギン酸と、D−グルタミン酸と、D−プロリンとを混合して用いることにより、風味を改良(向上)させることができる。また、本発明の好ましい態様によれば、風味改良剤は風味向上剤であってもよい。 According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the flavor improvement may be a flavor improvement, and an improvement in sweetness, an improvement in taste mass, an improvement in concentration, an improvement in sustainability, an improvement in stew feeling, an egg It is one or more flavor improvements selected from the group consisting of an improvement in feeling and an improvement in oily feeling, and according to a more preferred embodiment, the flavor improvement is improved in taste unity, richness, sustained It is 1 type, or 2 or more types of flavor improvement selected from the group which consists of the improvement of sex, the improvement of an egg feeling, and the improvement of a stew feeling. Among these, the improvement of the mass of taste, the improvement of richness, the improvement of sustainability, and the improvement of egg feeling are preferable, and the improvement of sustainability is most preferable. “Sustainability” means that a taste is felt in the mouth even after a while. For the flavor improvement (improvement), one or more D-amino acids selected from the group consisting of D-phenylalanine, D-leucine, D-aspartic acid, D-glutamic acid, and D-proline are preferable. Alternatively, a salt thereof is preferably used, and more preferably D-proline or a salt thereof is used. Moreover, according to another preferable aspect of this invention, a flavor is improved by using D-alanine, D-aspartic acid, D-glutamic acid, and D-proline as a flavor improving agent. Improvement). Moreover, according to the preferable aspect of this invention, a flavor improving agent may be sufficient.
本発明の風味改良剤は、D−アミノ酸またはその塩を含有し、必要に応じて、塩化ナトリウム等の無機塩、アスコルビン酸、フマル酸、リンゴ酸、酢酸、酒石酸、クエン酸、脂肪酸等のカルボン酸等の酸、L−グルタミン酸ナトリウム、L−グリシン、L−アラニン等のL−アミノ酸、イノシン酸ナトリウム、グアニル酸ナトリウム等の核酸、ショ糖、ブドウ糖、乳糖等の糖類、デキストリン、各種澱粉等の賦形剤、増粘剤(キサンタンガム、グァーガム、カラギーナンなど)、pH調整剤、甘味料(スクラロース、ソーマチン、アセスルファムカリウム、アスパルテーム、キシリトール、カンゾウ抽出物、サッカリンおよびその塩、ステビア、ソルビトールなど)、酸化防止剤(エリソルビン酸、カテキン、トコフェロールなど)、着色料(アナトー色素、ウコン色素、β−カロチンなど)、香料(アセト酢酸エチル、アセトフェノン、アニスアルデヒドなどの合成香料、または天然香料)、保存料(安息香酸ナトリウム、しらこたん白抽出物、ソルビン酸カリウム、プロピオン酸カルシウム、ポリリジンなど)、栄養強化剤(ビタミンA、ビタミンC等のビタミン類、塩化カルシウムなどのミネラル類など)、水等の飲食品に使用可能な添加物、醤油、味噌、畜肉エキス、家禽エキス、魚介エキス、酵母エキス、蛋白質加水分解物等の天然調味料、スパイス類、ハーブ類等の香辛料、デキストリン、各種澱粉等の賦形剤等を含有してもよい。本発明の風味改良剤は、調味料として用いてもよいし、飲食品としてもよい。 The flavor improver of the present invention contains a D-amino acid or a salt thereof, and if necessary, an inorganic salt such as sodium chloride, a carboxyl such as ascorbic acid, fumaric acid, malic acid, acetic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, and fatty acid. Acids such as acids, L-amino acids such as sodium L-glutamate, L-glycine and L-alanine, nucleic acids such as sodium inosinate and sodium guanylate, sugars such as sucrose, glucose and lactose, dextrin, various starches, etc. Excipients, thickeners (xanthan gum, guar gum, carrageenan, etc.), pH adjusters, sweeteners (sucralose, thaumatin, acesulfame potassium, aspartame, xylitol, licorice extract, saccharin and its salts, stevia, sorbitol, etc.), oxidation Inhibitor (erythorbic acid, catechin, tocopherol, etc.), coloring agent Anato dye, turmeric dye, β-carotene, etc.), fragrance (synthetic fragrance such as ethyl acetoacetate, acetophenone, anisaldehyde, or natural fragrance), preservative (sodium benzoate, shirako protein extract, potassium sorbate, Calcium propionate, polylysine, etc.), nutrient enhancers (vitamins such as vitamin A and vitamin C, minerals such as calcium chloride), additives that can be used for food and drink such as water, soy sauce, miso, and meat extract, Natural seasonings such as poultry extract, seafood extract, yeast extract, protein hydrolyzate, spices such as spices and herbs, dextrins, excipients such as various starches, and the like may be contained. The flavor improving agent of this invention may be used as a seasoning, and is good also as food-drinks.
本発明の風味改良剤は、味カドの原因となるような物質と組み合わせて用いることができる。例えば、本発明の風味改良剤と、酸味物質、塩味物質、苦味物質、アルコール、または辛味物質とを組み合わせて用いた場合には、風味改良剤と組み合わせられたそれぞれの物質に由来する味カドが緩和されて、酸味カドの緩和された風味改良剤、塩カドの緩和された風味改良剤、苦味カドの緩和された風味改良剤、アルコールカドの緩和された風味改良剤、および辛味カドの緩和された風味改良剤として好適に用いられる。 The flavor improving agent of the present invention can be used in combination with a substance that causes taste cadence. For example, when the flavor improver of the present invention is used in combination with a sour substance, a salty substance, a bitter substance, alcohol, or a pungent substance, the taste cadence derived from each substance combined with the flavor improver is Alleviated sour caddy mild flavor improver, salt cad mild flavor improver, bitter cad mild flavor improver, alcohol cad mild flavor improver, and pungent cadmium relaxed It is preferably used as a flavor improver.
本発明の好ましい態様によれば、酸味物質、塩味物質、苦味物質、アルコール、および辛味物質からなる群から選択される一または二以上をさらに含む風味改良剤(好ましくは、味カド緩和剤)が提供され、より好ましい態様によれば、酸味物質、塩味物質、苦味物質、アルコール、または辛味物質をさらに含有する風味改良剤(好ましくは、味カド緩和剤)が提供される。 According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a flavor improver (preferably a taste cadence mitigating agent) further comprising one or more selected from the group consisting of a sour substance, a salty substance, a bitter substance, an alcohol, and a pungent substance. According to a more preferred embodiment provided, there is provided a flavor improver (preferably a taste cadence mitigating agent) further containing a sour substance, a salty substance, a bitter substance, an alcohol, or a pungent substance.
本発明の風味改良剤は、液状、粉状、顆粒状等のいずれの形状を有するものであってもよい。あるいは、油脂と乳化剤および必要に応じて増粘安定剤を添加して乳化することにより、乳液状とすることもできる。 The flavor improving agent of the present invention may have any shape such as liquid, powder or granule. Or it can also be made into emulsion by adding fats and oils, an emulsifier, and a thickening stabilizer as needed, and emulsifying.
本発明の風味改良剤中のD−アミノ酸またはその塩の含有量は、特に規定されないが、D−アミノ酸またはその塩の含有量は、通常、1〜100質量%、好ましくは5〜100質量%、さらに好ましくは10〜100質量%である。 The content of D-amino acid or a salt thereof in the flavor improving agent of the present invention is not particularly specified, but the content of D-amino acid or a salt thereof is usually 1 to 100% by mass, preferably 5 to 100% by mass. More preferably, it is 10 to 100% by mass.
本発明の風味改良剤を風味改良効果が求められている飲食品に添加することにより、飲食品の風味を改良することができる。 By adding the flavor improving agent of the present invention to a food or drink for which a flavor improving effect is required, the flavor of the food or drink can be improved.
本発明の風味改良剤は、最終製品に添加しても、飲食品の製造工程前および製造工程中に添加してもよく、飲食品の製造工程には加熱工程(例えば、煮込み工程)を含んでいてもよい。また、本発明の風味改良剤は、摂食時直前に添加してもよい。さらに、本発明の風味改良剤を2回以上に分けて、飲食品に添加してもよい。 The flavor improver of the present invention may be added to the final product or may be added before and during the production process of the food and drink, and the production process of the food and drink includes a heating step (for example, a stew process). You may go out. Further, the flavor improving agent of the present invention may be added immediately before eating. Furthermore, you may add the flavor improving agent of this invention to food-drinks in 2 steps or more.
本発明の風味改良剤が添加される飲食品は、液体、固体、または半固体のいずれの形態のものであってもよく、例えば、飲料(例えば、コーヒー)、食酢、味噌、醤油、畜肉エキス、家禽エキス、魚介エキス、酵母エキス、蛋白質加水分解物等の天然調味料、スパイス類、ハーブ類等の香辛料、たれ、だし、ドレッシング、マヨネーズ、トマトケチャップ、ソース等の調味料、吸い物、コンソメスープ、卵スープ、ワカメスープ、フカヒレスープ、ポタージュ、味噌汁等のスープ類、麺類(そば、うどん、ラーメン、パスタ等)のつゆ、スープ、ソース類、おかゆ、雑炊、お茶漬け等の米調理食品、ハム、ソーセージ、チーズ等の畜産加工品、かまぼこ、干物、塩辛、珍味等の水産加工品、漬物等の野菜加工品、ポテトチップス、煎餅、クッキー等のスナック菓子類、煮物、揚げ物、焼き物、カレー等の調理食品等、果汁・野菜汁飲料、豆乳、牛乳、乳加工品、炭酸飲料、スポーツドリンク、栄養補助飲料、コーヒー、紅茶、日本茶、麦茶、雑穀茶などの各種茶飲料、焼酎、日本酒、ビール等のアルコール類等、ビタミン剤などのサプリメント等が挙げられるが、特にまろやかな濃厚感を必要とする飲食品、例えば、レトルトカレーやレトルトシチューなどの即席食品、コーンスープやコンソメスープ、カレーやシチューのような煮込み料理、ポテトチップスなどのスナック菓子、ハンバーガー、フライドポテト、フライドチキンなどのファストフード、即席ラーメン、即席スパゲッティなどの即席麺類、だしを使った和食(うどん、煮魚など)、中華風食品(チャーハン、マーボー豆腐など)が好ましく、カレー、ホワイトシチュー、ラーメンスープなどの食品がより好ましい。本発明の風味改良剤が添加される飲食品が調味料である場合には、本発明の風味改良剤が添加された調味料を他の飲食品に添加してもよい。 The food and drink to which the flavor improving agent of the present invention is added may be in any form of liquid, solid, or semi-solid, for example, beverage (for example, coffee), vinegar, miso, soy sauce, meat extract , Natural seasonings such as poultry extract, seafood extract, yeast extract, protein hydrolyzate, spices such as spices and herbs, sauce, dashi, dressing, mayonnaise, tomato ketchup, seasonings such as sauce, soup, consommé soup , Egg soup, seaweed soup, shark fin soup, potage, miso soup and other soups, noodles (soba, udon, ramen, pasta, etc.) soup, sauces, rice porridge, miso soup, pickled rice, ham, Processed livestock products such as sausages and cheese, processed fish products such as kamaboko, dried fish, salted and delicacies, processed vegetable products such as pickles, potato chips, rice crackers, food -Snack confectionery, cooked foods such as boiled food, fried food, grilled food, curry, fruit juice, vegetable juice drinks, soy milk, milk, processed milk products, carbonated drinks, sports drinks, nutritional supplement drinks, coffee, tea, Japanese tea, Various tea beverages such as barley tea, cereals tea, alcohol such as shochu, sake, beer, etc., supplements such as vitamins, etc. are mentioned, but particularly foods and drinks that require a mellow richness, such as retort curry and retort Instant food such as stew, corn soup and consomme soup, stewed dishes such as curry and stew, snacks such as potato chips, fast food such as hamburgers, fried potatoes and fried chicken, instant noodles such as instant ramen and instant spaghetti Japanese food (Udon, boiled fish, etc.), Chinese food (fried rice, marvo) Tofu, etc.) are preferred, curry, white stew, food such as ramen soup more preferable. When the food / beverage products to which the flavor improving agent of this invention is added are seasonings, the seasoning to which the flavor improving agent of this invention was added may be added to other food / beverage products.
また、味カド緩和剤が添加される飲食品としては、例えば、塩カドの強い醤油を含んだ、めんつゆなどの食品やアルコールカドの強い焼酎などが特に好ましい。 In addition, as foods and beverages to which the taste cadence mitigating agent is added, for example, foods such as noodle soup containing soy sauce with strong salt cadmium and shochu with strong alcohol cadmium are particularly preferable.
本発明の風味改良剤の飲食品への添加量は、添加対象や、供給源の種類および性質に応じて当業者が適宜決定することができるが、飲食品中に、通常、D−アミノ酸またはその塩として、0.000001〜1.5質量%となる量であり、好ましくは0.000001〜0.5質量%となる量であり、より好ましくは0.00001〜0.3質量%となる量、さらに好ましくは0.0001〜0.1質量%となる量、さらに一層好ましくは0.001〜0.1質量%となる量である。 A person skilled in the art can appropriately determine the amount of the flavor improver of the present invention to be added to a food or drink, depending on the addition target and the type and nature of the supply source. The amount of the salt is 0.000001 to 1.5% by mass, preferably 0.000001 to 0.5% by mass, and more preferably 0.00001 to 0.3% by mass. The amount is more preferably 0.0001 to 0.1% by mass, and still more preferably 0.001 to 0.1% by mass.
酸味カドを緩和するための本発明の風味改良剤の飲食品への添加量としては、好ましくは、食品中に、0.0001〜1.5質量%となる量であり、より好ましくは0.0001〜0.1質量%となる量である。 The amount of the flavor improver of the present invention for mitigating sour cadence added to food or drink is preferably 0.0001 to 1.5% by mass in the food, more preferably 0.00. It is the quantity used as 0001-0.1 mass%.
塩カドを緩和するための本発明の風味改良剤の飲食品への添加量としては、好ましくは、食品中に、0.0001〜1.5質量%となる量であり、より好ましくは0.0001〜0.1質量%となる量である。 The addition amount of the flavor improving agent of the present invention for mitigating salt cadmium to foods and drinks is preferably 0.0001 to 1.5% by mass in the food, more preferably 0.00. It is the quantity used as 0001-0.1 mass%.
苦味カドを緩和するための本発明の風味改良剤の飲食品への添加量としては、食品中に、好ましくは、0.01〜1.5質量%となる量であり、より好ましくは0.01〜0.1質量%となる量である。 The amount of the flavor improver of the present invention for alleviating bitter cadence added to a food or drink is preferably 0.01 to 1.5% by mass in the food, more preferably 0.00. The amount is from 01 to 0.1% by mass.
アルコールカドを緩和するための本発明の風味改良剤の飲食品への添加量としては、好ましくは、食品中に、0.0001〜1.5質量%となる量であり、より好ましくは0.0001〜0.1質量%となる量であり、さらに好ましくは0.01〜1.5質量%となる量であり、さらに一層好ましくは0.01〜0.1質量%となる量である。 The addition amount of the flavor improver of the present invention for alleviating alcohol cadence to foods and drinks is preferably an amount of 0.0001 to 1.5% by mass in the food, more preferably 0.00. The amount is from 0001 to 0.1% by mass, more preferably from 0.01 to 1.5% by mass, and even more preferably from 0.01 to 0.1% by mass.
甘味、味のまとまり、濃厚さ、持続性、煮込み感、卵感、および油脂感を向上させるための本発明の風味改良剤の飲食品への添加量としては、好ましくは0.0001〜1.5質量%となる量であり、より好ましくは0.0001〜0.1質量%となる量であり、さらに好ましくは0.0025〜1.5質量%となる量であり、さらに一層好ましくは0.0025〜0.01質量%となる量である。 The amount of the flavor improver of the present invention for improving the sweetness, taste mass, richness, sustainability, simmering feeling, egg feeling, and oily feeling to the food and drink is preferably 0.0001-1. The amount is 5% by mass, more preferably 0.0001 to 0.1% by mass, still more preferably 0.0025 to 1.5% by mass, and still more preferably 0%. .0025 to 0.01% by mass.
本発明の一つの態様によれば、D−アミノ酸またはその塩を飲食品へ添加する工程を含む風味が改良された飲食品の製造方法が提供される。また、本発明の好ましい一つの態様によれば、D−アミノ酸またはその塩を飲食品へ添加する工程を含む味カドが緩和された飲食品の製造方法が提供される。 According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for producing a food or drink having an improved flavor comprising a step of adding D-amino acid or a salt thereof to the food or drink. Moreover, according to one preferable aspect of this invention, the manufacturing method of the food / beverage products with which the taste cadence was eased including the process of adding D-amino acid or its salt to food / beverage products is provided.
また、本発明の別の態様によれば、D−アミノ酸またはその塩を飲食品へ添加する飲食品の風味改良方法が提供される。また、本発明の好ましい一つの態様によれば、D−アミノ酸またはその塩を飲食品へ添加する飲食品の味カド緩和方法が提供される。緩和される味カドは上記の味カドが挙げられるが、好ましくは、酸味カド、塩カド、苦味カド、およびアルコールカドからなる群から選択される一種または二種以上の味カドであることが好ましい。 Moreover, according to another aspect of this invention, the flavor improvement method of the food / beverage products which adds D-amino acid or its salt to food / beverage products is provided. Moreover, according to one preferable aspect of this invention, the taste cadence mitigation method of the food / beverage products which adds D-amino acid or its salt to food / beverage products is provided. The taste cadence to be alleviated includes the above-mentioned taste cadence, and preferably one or more taste caddies selected from the group consisting of sour cadmium, salt cadmium, bitter cadence, and alcohol cadence. .
本発明の製造方法および本発明の風味改良方法は、本発明の風味改良剤に関する上記記載に基づいて実施することができる。すなわち、本発明の製造方法および本発明の風味改良方法におけるD−アミノ酸またはその塩の飲食品への添加は、本発明の風味改良剤の使用態様に準じて実施することができる。飲食品に使用可能な他の添加物の添加は、D−アミノ酸またはその塩の添加と同時であっても別々であってもよい。さらに、D−アミノ酸またはその塩を飲食品に使用可能な他の添加物と混合して、飲食品へ添加してもよい。D−アミノ酸またはその塩の飲食品へ添加は、飲食品をD−アミノ酸またはその塩へ添加する態様も含まれる。 The production method of the present invention and the flavor improving method of the present invention can be carried out based on the above description regarding the flavor improving agent of the present invention. That is, the addition of D-amino acid or a salt thereof to a food or drink in the production method of the present invention and the flavor improvement method of the present invention can be carried out according to the use mode of the flavor improver of the present invention. The addition of other additives that can be used in the food or drink may be simultaneous with the addition of the D-amino acid or a salt thereof, or may be separate. Furthermore, you may mix D-amino acid or its salt with the other additive which can be used for food / beverage products, and may add to food / beverage products. The addition of a D-amino acid or a salt thereof to a food or drink includes an aspect in which the food or drink is added to a D-amino acid or a salt thereof.
本発明の別の態様によれば、本発明の風味改良剤を添加してなる飲食品が挙げられる。また、本発明の好ましい一つの態様によれば、本発明の味カド緩和剤を添加してなる飲食品も挙げることができる。また、飲食品を本発明の風味改良剤または味カド緩和剤に添加してもよく、または飲食品と、本発明の風味改良剤または味カド緩和剤と混合して用いても良い。本発明の風味改良剤が添加される飲食品および添加方法等については上記と同様である。 According to another aspect of the present invention, a food or drink obtained by adding the flavor improver of the present invention can be mentioned. Moreover, according to one preferable aspect of this invention, the food-drinks formed by adding the taste cadence mitigation agent of this invention can also be mentioned. Moreover, you may add food / beverage products to the flavor improving agent or taste cadence relaxation agent of this invention, or you may mix and use food / beverage products and the flavor improvement agent or taste cadence relaxation agent of this invention. About the food-drinks to which the flavor improving agent of this invention is added, the addition method, etc. are the same as the above.
以下、実施例により本発明をより具体的に説明するが、本発明の技術範囲はこれらの例示に限定されるものではない。なお、以下、「%」とあるのは、いずれも質量%である。 EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention more concretely, the technical scope of this invention is not limited to these illustrations. Hereinafter, “%” means mass%.
実施例中の官能評価は特に指定がない場合、7点評点法によって実施した。下記実施例1〜4では、無添加(コントロール)を4点とした時のD−アミノ酸添加時の各味カドの強度を測定し、スコアが高ければ味カドが強く、低ければ味カドが弱いことを意味する。 The sensory evaluation in the examples was carried out by a 7-point scoring method unless otherwise specified. In Examples 1 to 4 below, the strength of each taste caddy when D-amino acid was added when no addition (control) was set to 4 was measured. If the score was high, the taste cadence was strong, and if low, the taste cadence was weak. Means that.
実施例1:酸味カド緩和
食酢(米酢、穀物酢:市販品)を水で10倍希釈し、以下に挙げる各D−アミノ酸をそれぞれ、0.05%となるように添加した。各溶液の酸味カドについて、前記の7点評点法に従って、専門パネラー3名で官能評価を実施した。評価結果を図1に示す。
Example 1: Acidic mild mild edible vinegar (rice vinegar, grain vinegar: commercially available product) was diluted 10 times with water, and each D-amino acid listed below was added to 0.05%. About the sour cadmium of each solution, sensory evaluation was implemented by three expert panelists according to the said 7-point scoring method. The evaluation results are shown in FIG.
[評価したD−アミノ酸(その3文字表記)]
D−フェニルアラニン(Phe)
D−グルタミン(Gln)
D−ヒスチジン(His)
D−メチオニン(Met)
D−オルニチン(Orn)
D−リジン(Lys)
D−アスパラギン酸(Asp)
D−トリプトファン(Trp)
D−アスパラギン(Asn)
D−トレオニン(Thr)
D−バリン(Val)
D−プロリン(Pro)
D−ロイシン(Leu)
D−アラニン(Ala)
D−グルタミン酸(Glu)
各D-アミノ酸の3%溶液を調製し、pH6.0に調整した。
[Evaluated D-amino acid (notation of the three letters)]
D-Phenylalanine (Phe)
D-glutamine (Gln)
D-histidine (His)
D-methionine (Met)
D-ornithine (Orn)
D-Lysine (Lys)
D-aspartic acid (Asp)
D-tryptophan (Trp)
D-Asparagine (Asn)
D-threonine (Thr)
D-Valine (Val)
D-proline (Pro)
D-leucine (Leu)
D-alanine (Ala)
D-glutamic acid (Glu)
A 3% solution of each D-amino acid was prepared and adjusted to pH 6.0.
図1に示すとおり、D−フェニルアラニン、D−グルタミン、D−ヒスチジン、D−メチオニン、D−オルニチン、D−リジン、D−アスパラギン酸、D−トリプトファン、およびD−アスパラギンは高い酸味カド緩和効果を示した。なお、D−フェニルアラニン、D−グルタミン、D−ヒスチジン、D−メチオニン、およびD−オルニチンでは特に効果が高かった。 As shown in FIG. 1, D-phenylalanine, D-glutamine, D-histidine, D-methionine, D-ornithine, D-lysine, D-aspartic acid, D-tryptophan, and D-asparagine have a high sour cadmium mitigating effect. Indicated. D-phenylalanine, D-glutamine, D-histidine, D-methionine, and D-ornithine were particularly effective.
一方、L-グルタミン酸を用いて、上記と同様の試験を行ったところ、L−グルタミン酸を添加した溶液では、D−グルタミン酸を添加した溶液に比べ、味のバランスが大きく崩れた。 On the other hand, when a test similar to the above was performed using L-glutamic acid, the taste balance was greatly lost in the solution to which L-glutamic acid was added, compared to the solution to which D-glutamic acid was added.
実施例2:塩カド緩和
こいくち醤油(特級本醸造:市販品)原液を水で5倍希釈し、以下に挙げる各D−アミノ酸を0.05%となるように添加した。各溶液の塩カドについて、前記の7点評点法に従って、専門パネラー3名で官能評価を実施した。評価結果を図2に示す。
Example 2: Salt and salt relaxed koikuchi soy sauce (special grade brewing: commercial product) Stock solution was diluted 5 times with water, and each D-amino acid listed below was added to 0.05%. The sensory evaluation was carried out by three specialized panelists according to the above-mentioned 7-point scoring method for the salt cadmium in each solution. The evaluation results are shown in FIG.
[評価したD−アミノ酸(その3文字表記)]
D−フェニルアラニン(Phe)
D−グルタミン(Gln)
D−ヒスチジン(His)
D−アスパラギン酸(Asp)
D−トリプトファン(Trp)
D−アスパラギン(Asn)
D−バリン(Val)
D−プロリン(Pro)
D−ロイシン(Leu)
D−アラニン(Ala)
D−グルタミン酸(Glu)
各D-アミノ酸の3%溶液を調製し、pH6.0に調整した。
[Evaluated D-amino acid (notation of the three letters)]
D-Phenylalanine (Phe)
D-glutamine (Gln)
D-histidine (His)
D-aspartic acid (Asp)
D-tryptophan (Trp)
D-Asparagine (Asn)
D-Valine (Val)
D-proline (Pro)
D-leucine (Leu)
D-alanine (Ala)
D-glutamic acid (Glu)
A 3% solution of each D-amino acid was prepared and adjusted to pH 6.0.
図2に示すとおり、D−トリプトファン、D−アスパラギン酸、D−アスパラギン、D−フェニルアラニン、およびD−グルタミン酸は高い塩カド緩和効果を示した。なお、D−トリプトファンおよびD−アスパラギン酸では特に効果が高かった。 As shown in FIG. 2, D-tryptophan, D-aspartic acid, D-asparagine, D-phenylalanine, and D-glutamic acid showed a high salt caddy relaxation effect. D-tryptophan and D-aspartic acid were particularly effective.
実施例3:苦味カド緩和
コーヒー(無糖コーヒー:市販品)へ以下に挙げる各D−アミノ酸を0.05%となるように添加した。各コーヒーの苦味カドについて、前記の7点評点法に従って、専門パネラー3名で官能評価を実施した。評価結果を図3に示す。
Example 3 Each of the D-amino acids listed below was added to 0.05% bitter cadence relaxed coffee (sugar-free coffee: commercially available product). For each coffee bitter taste caddy, sensory evaluation was carried out by three specialized panelists according to the 7-point scoring method described above. The evaluation results are shown in FIG.
[評価したD−アミノ酸(その3文字表記)]
D−フェニルアラニン(Phe)
D−グルタミン(Gln)
D−ヒスチジン(His)
D−アスパラギン酸(Asp)
D−トリプトファン(Trp)
D−アスパラギン(Asn)
D−バリン(Val)
D−プロリン(Pro)
D−ロイシン(Leu)
D−アラニン(Ala)
D−グルタミン酸(Glu)
各D-アミノ酸の3%溶液を調製し、pH6.0に調整した。
[Evaluated D-amino acid (notation of the three letters)]
D-Phenylalanine (Phe)
D-glutamine (Gln)
D-histidine (His)
D-aspartic acid (Asp)
D-tryptophan (Trp)
D-Asparagine (Asn)
D-Valine (Val)
D-proline (Pro)
D-leucine (Leu)
D-alanine (Ala)
D-glutamic acid (Glu)
A 3% solution of each D-amino acid was prepared and adjusted to pH 6.0.
図3に示すとおり、D−トリプトファン、D−アスパラギン酸、D−フェニルアラニン、D−ロイシン、D−グルタミン酸は高い苦味緩和効果を示した。なお、D−トリプトファンおよびD−アスパラギン酸では特に効果が高かった。 As shown in FIG. 3, D-tryptophan, D-aspartic acid, D-phenylalanine, D-leucine, and D-glutamic acid showed a high bitter taste alleviating effect. D-tryptophan and D-aspartic acid were particularly effective.
実施例4:アルコールカド緩和
焼酎(焼酎20度:市販品)原液へ以下に挙げる各D−アミノ酸を0.05%となるように添加した。各焼酎のアルコールカドについて、前記の7点評点法に従って、専門パネラー3名で官能評価を実施した。評価結果を図4に示す。
Example 4: Alcohol-cad-relaxed shochu (shochu 20 degrees: commercial product) Each D-amino acid listed below was added to 0.05% so as to be 0.05%. The alcohol cad of each shochu was subjected to sensory evaluation by three professional panelists according to the above-mentioned 7-point scoring method. The evaluation results are shown in FIG.
[評価したD−アミノ酸(その3文字表記)]
D−フェニルアラニン(Phe)
D−グルタミン(Gln)
D−ヒスチジン(His)
D−アスパラギン酸(Asp)
D−トリプトファン(Trp)
D−アスパラギン(Asn)
D−バリン(Val)
D−プロリン(Pro)
D−ロイシン(Leu)
D−アラニン(Ala)
D−グルタミン酸(Glu)
各D-アミノ酸の3%溶液を調製し、pH6.0に調整した。
[Evaluated D-amino acid (notation of the three letters)]
D-Phenylalanine (Phe)
D-glutamine (Gln)
D-histidine (His)
D-aspartic acid (Asp)
D-tryptophan (Trp)
D-Asparagine (Asn)
D-Valine (Val)
D-proline (Pro)
D-leucine (Leu)
D-alanine (Ala)
D-glutamic acid (Glu)
A 3% solution of each D-amino acid was prepared and adjusted to pH 6.0.
図4に示すように、D−グルタミン、D−トリプトファン、D−グルタミン酸は高いアルコールカド緩和効果を示した。なお、D−グルタミン酸では特に効果が高かった。 As shown in FIG. 4, D-glutamine, D-tryptophan, and D-glutamic acid showed a high alcohol cadence mitigating effect. D-glutamic acid was particularly effective.
実施例5:各飲食品への添加濃度の違いによる添加効果の確認
下記表1に示す各飲食品に、D−グルタミン酸(D−Glu)、D−アスパラギン酸(D−Asp)をそれぞれ添加した。
下記表1に記載の各項目について専門パネラー3名で下記基準に基づいて評価した評価結果を表1に示す。
[評価基準]
◎:とても強い緩和効果があった
○:強い緩和効果があった
△:緩和効果があった
×:緩和効果は認められなかった
Table 1 shows the evaluation results of each item described in Table 1 evaluated by three specialized panelists based on the following criteria.
[Evaluation criteria]
◎: There was a very strong relaxation effect ○: There was a strong relaxation effect △: There was a relaxation effect ×: No relaxation effect was observed
表1に示すとおり、D−グルタミン酸またはD−アスパラギン酸を添加した各飲食品では、いずれも味カドの緩和効果が認められた。 As shown in Table 1, in each food / beverage product to which D-glutamic acid or D-aspartic acid was added, the alleviating effect of taste cadence was recognized.
実施例6:カレーでの評価(1)
D−アラニン、D−アスパラギン酸、D−グルタミン酸、およびD−プロリンを、それぞれ1%となるように水に溶解させ、pH6.0に調整してD−アミノ酸混合溶液(以下、D−Mixという)を調製した。
また、L−アラニン、L−アスパラギン酸、L−グルタミン酸、およびL−プロリンを、それぞれ1%となるように水に溶解させ、pH6.0に調整してL−アミノ酸混合溶液(以下、L−Mixという)を調製した。
一方、表2に記載した原材料からなる市販のカレールウ50gに対して熱水350mlを加えてよく溶かし試験液を調製した。
該試験液100mlを取り、IHヒーターで3分間、撹拌しながら加熱し、D−MixおよびL−Mixをそれぞれ試験液に対して、各アミノ酸が25ppm(合計100ppm)の濃度となるように添加した。
該アミノ酸を添加した試験液の風味(甘味、味カド、味のまとまり、濃厚さ、持続性、煮込み感、および油脂感)について、該アミノ酸を添加しない試験液をコントロールとして専門パネラー10名で官能評価を行った。
D-alanine, D-aspartic acid, D-glutamic acid, and D-proline are each dissolved in water to 1% and adjusted to pH 6.0 to obtain a D-amino acid mixed solution (hereinafter referred to as D-Mix). ) Was prepared.
In addition, L-alanine, L-aspartic acid, L-glutamic acid, and L-proline were each dissolved in water so as to be 1%, adjusted to pH 6.0, and mixed with L-amino acid (hereinafter referred to as L-amino acid). (Mix) was prepared.
On the other hand, a test solution was prepared by adding 350 ml of hot water to 50 g of commercially available curry roux composed of the raw materials listed in Table 2 and dissolving them well.
100 ml of the test solution was taken and heated with stirring with an IH heater for 3 minutes, and D-Mix and L-Mix were added to each test solution so that each amino acid had a concentration of 25 ppm (total 100 ppm). .
The taste of the test solution to which the amino acid was added (sweetness, taste caddy, taste mass, richness, persistence, simmering feeling, and oily feeling) was controlled by 10 panelists who used the test solution without the amino acid as a control. Evaluation was performed.
評価は、無添加(コントロール)を4点とした7点評点法により行った。スコアが高ければ各評価項目に係る風味が強く、低ければ弱いことを意味する。
結果を図5に示す。縦軸はスコアを示す。
The evaluation was performed by a 7-point scoring method with 4 points of no addition (control). If the score is high, the flavor relating to each evaluation item is strong, and if the score is low, it means that the flavor is weak.
The results are shown in FIG. The vertical axis represents the score.
図5に示すとおり、D−アミノ酸混合溶液(D−Mix)を添加した試験液は、添加しない試験液(コントロール)と比較して、甘味、味のまとまり、濃厚さ、持続性、煮込み感、および油脂感が向上し、味カドが緩和されたものであった。特に、D−アミノ酸混合溶液(D−Mix)を添加した試験液では、L−アミノ酸混合溶液(L−Mix)を添加した試験液と比較して、味のまとまり、濃厚さ、持続性、および煮込み感が有意に向上し、これらの中でも持続性についてはより有意に向上していた。 As shown in FIG. 5, the test solution to which the D-amino acid mixed solution (D-Mix) was added was sweeter, the taste was concentrated, the concentration, the persistence, the feeling of stew, compared to the test solution to which no D-amino acid was added (control) And the oil and fat feeling was improved, and taste cadence was alleviated. In particular, in the test solution to which the D-amino acid mixed solution (D-Mix) was added, compared with the test solution to which the L-amino acid mixed solution (L-Mix) was added, the taste lumps, concentration, persistence, and The feeling of stew was significantly improved, and among these, sustainability was more significantly improved.
実施例7:カレーでの評価(2)
以下に示す、各アミノ酸を、それぞれ1%になるように、水に溶解させ、pH6.0に調整して、各アミノ酸1%溶液を調製した。
Example 7: Evaluation in curry (2)
Each amino acid shown below was dissolved in water to 1% and adjusted to pH 6.0 to prepare a 1% solution of each amino acid.
[評価したD−アミノ酸(その3文字表記)]
D−フェニルアラニン(Phe)
D−ヒスチジン(His)
D−トリプトファン(Trp)
D−ロイシン(Leu)
D−バリン(Val)
D−スレオニン(Thr)
D−アラニン(Ala)
D−アスパラギン酸(Asp)
D−グルタミン酸(Glu)
D−プロリン(Pro)
[Evaluated D-amino acid (notation of the three letters)]
D-Phenylalanine (Phe)
D-histidine (His)
D-tryptophan (Trp)
D-leucine (Leu)
D-Valine (Val)
D-threonine (Thr)
D-alanine (Ala)
D-aspartic acid (Asp)
D-glutamic acid (Glu)
D-proline (Pro)
アミノ酸混合溶液の代わりに、上記の各アミノ酸1%溶液を各アミノ酸が25ppmの濃度になるように添加する以外は、実施例6と同様にして、専門パネラー3名で風味改良効果を評価した。評価結果を下記表3に示す。 Instead of the amino acid mixed solution, the flavor improving effect was evaluated by three professional panelists in the same manner as in Example 6 except that each amino acid 1% solution was added so that each amino acid had a concentration of 25 ppm. The evaluation results are shown in Table 3 below.
以下の評価基準により評価した結果、下記表3に示すとおりのD−アミノ酸の添加効果が確認された。
[評価基準]
◎:とても強い風味改良効果があった
○:強い風味改良効果があった
△:風味改良効果があった
×:風味改良効果は認められなかった
[Evaluation criteria]
◎: There was a very strong flavor improving effect ○: There was a strong flavor improving effect △: There was a flavor improving effect ×: No flavor improving effect was observed
実施例8:カレーへの添加濃度の違いによる添加効果の確認
D−プロリンについて、添加量を0.25ppm、2.5ppm、25ppm、50ppm、100ppm、250ppm、および500ppmに変更した以外は、実施例7と同様にして、官能評価を行った。その結果を、下記表4に示す。評価基準は実施例7と同様である。
実施例9:カレー以外の食品系での評価
クリームシチュー、サラダ用調味料(マヨネーズタイプ調味料)、塩ラーメン、味噌ラーメン、めんつゆに、上記のカレーへの添加試験において添加効果の強かったD−プロリン(D−Pro)と、D−アミノ酸混合溶液(D−Mix)と、L−アミノ酸混合溶液(L−Mix)とを、カレーと同様の喫食時濃度、25ppmのアミノ酸(D−Mix、L−Mixは合計100ppm)を添加し、官能評価(n=3)を実施したところ、表5のような結果となった。カレー以外の食品においてもD−アミノ酸の添加効果が確認された。評価基準は実施例7と同様である。
実施例10:サラダ用調味料(マヨネーズタイプ調味料)での評価
実施例6に記載のアミノ酸溶液を、サラダ用調味料(マヨネーズタイプ調味料:原材料を表6に記載)へ実施例6と同様に各アミノ酸が25ppm(合計100ppm)の濃度となるようにして、それぞれ添加し、専門パネラー10名によって、無添加区をコントロールとして、L−アミノ酸混合溶液(L−Mix)、D−アミノ酸混合溶液(D−Mix)を添加したものを、それぞれ、風味改良効果を評価した。評価は、前記のコントロールを4点とした7点評点法により実施した。評価項目は以下の通りである:甘味、味カド、味のまとまり、濃厚さ、持続性、卵感(卵を多く含む風味)、および油脂感。結果は、図6に示す。図6の縦軸はスコアを示し、スコアが高ければ味質が強く、低ければ味質が弱いことを意味する。
図6に示すとおり、D−アミノ酸混合溶液(D−Mix)をサラダ用調味料に添加した場合には、無添加のコントロールと比較して、甘味、味のまとまり、濃厚さ、持続性、卵感、および油脂感が向上し、味カドが緩和される風味改良効果を確認することができた。特に、D−アミノ酸混合溶液(D−Mix)をサラダ用調味料に添加した場合には、L−アミノ酸混合溶液(L−Mix)をサラダ用調味料に添加した場合と比較して、味のまとまり、濃厚さ、持続性、卵感、および油脂感が有意に向上し、これらの中でも味のまとまり、濃厚さ、持続性、および卵感についてはより有意に向上した。 As shown in FIG. 6, when the D-amino acid mixed solution (D-Mix) is added to the seasoning for salad, sweetness, taste ensemble, concentration, persistence, egg, compared to the additive-free control It was possible to confirm the effect of improving the taste and the feeling of oil and fat, and the taste-adjusting effect was alleviated. In particular, when the D-amino acid mixed solution (D-Mix) is added to the salad seasoning, the taste of the taste is lower than when the L-amino acid mixed solution (L-Mix) is added to the salad seasoning. The unity, richness, persistence, egg feeling, and oily feeling improved significantly, and among these, the taste set, thickness, persistence, and egg feeling improved more significantly.
Claims (2)
A method for mitigating sour cadmium in food and drink, comprising adding D-amino acid or a salt thereof to food or drink, wherein the D-amino acid is D-methionine, D-ornithine, D-lysine, D-glutamic acid, D-aspartic acid 1 or 2 or more types selected from the group consisting of D-phenylalanine, D-glutamine, D-histidine, D-asparagine, and D-tryptophan.
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JP2015188345A (en) * | 2014-03-27 | 2015-11-02 | Mcフードスペシャリティーズ株式会社 | Flavor improving agent and production method thereof |
JP6479325B2 (en) * | 2014-03-27 | 2019-03-06 | Mcフードスペシャリティーズ株式会社 | Flavor improver |
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