JP6448683B2 - Slab support device and building dismantling method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a slab support device and a building demolition method.

  Conventionally, in a multi-story building made of concrete or steel frame, when a sufficient work space cannot be secured around, there is a dismantling method that installs a dismantling machine on the top floor and dismantles sequentially from the upper floor to the lower floor It is used.

  In this conventional dismantling method, the ceiling slabs of each floor of the building are supported by temporary columns as disclosed in Patent Document 1 in order to reinforce the building when installing the dismantling machine.

  By the way, in such reinforcement by the temporary support column, the upper end of the temporary support column receives the ceiling slab at the point, and the lower end is supported by the floor slab at the point. Accordingly, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in order to receive the entire ceiling slab D of each floor of the building A evenly, a large number of temporary columns C must be arranged side by side, and the floor slab is not deformed. It is necessary to install the temporary struts C on the lower floor so that the positions of the temporary struts C on the upper floor coincide with each other in plan view. For this reason, for example, there are not a few cases where temporary struts C must be installed on all the floors below the top floor. In this case, it is necessary to procure a large number of temporary struts simultaneously for a long period of time. In the figure, symbol B is a weight-removing machine.

  Therefore, it is extremely expensive and time-consuming to install a large number of temporary struts on all the floors below the top floor so that the positions of the temporary struts are in plan view are heavy.

Utility Model Registration No. 3162829

  The present invention has been made in view of the current situation as described above, can reduce the number of temporary support columns installed on each floor, and does not need to be installed on all floors below the top floor, saving labor in dismantling work. The present invention provides a slab support device and a building dismantling method that can realize the conversion.

  The gist of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  A slab support device that reinforces the building 1 when the existing building 1 is sequentially dismantled from the upper floor to the lower floor by the weight-removing machine 2, and has a telescopic mechanism between the floor beam 40 and the ceiling slab 4. The slanted support 5 is provided in a slanted state. A lower abutment 7 that abuts against the floor beam 40 is provided at one end of the slanted support 5, and the ceiling slab is provided at the other end. 4. A slab support characterized in that an upper abutment body 8 is provided to abut on 4 and the lower abutment body 7 and the upper abutment body 8 are rotatably connected to the oblique support body 5. It concerns the device.

  The slab support device according to claim 1, wherein the lower contact body 7 is in contact with a corner 3 formed by the floor beam 40 and the wall 41. is there.

  Further, in the slab support device according to any one of claims 1 and 2, the oblique support body 5 is provided with an auxiliary support body 9 that abuts against the ceiling slab 4, and the auxiliary support body 9 is provided with the oblique support body 9. The present invention relates to a slab support device characterized in that it is rotatably connected to the installation support 5.

  The slab support device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the oblique support body 5 includes a jack 10 for pressing the oblique support body 5 against the floor beam 40 and the ceiling slab 4. The present invention relates to a slab support device that is provided.

  The slab support device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the connecting structure of the oblique support body 5, the lower contact body 7 and the upper contact body 8 includes a convex surface and a concave surface. The present invention relates to a slab support device having a fitted structure.

  Further, in the slab support device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the slab support device is configured so that two upper abutting bodies 8 face each other, and the two oblique support bodies 5 are provided. The present invention relates to a slab support device that is connected by a connecting member 11.

  In addition, a building dismantling method in which an existing building 1 is sequentially dismantled from an upper floor to a lower floor by a dismantling machine 2, and a floor beam 40 and a ceiling slab on a floor below the floor where the dismantling machine 2 is arranged. The slab support device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is disposed between the ceiling slabs 4 and the building dismantling machine 2 dismantles the building. It relates to the dismantling method.

  Moreover, in the method of demolishing a building according to claim 7, any one of claims 1 to 6 between the floor beam 40 and the ceiling slab 4 below the first floor and the second floor of the floor where the dismantling machine 2 is arranged. The present invention relates to a method for demolishing a building, characterized in that the slab support device is provided.

  Further, in the building demolition method according to any one of claims 7 and 8, the slab support device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is sequentially moved to a lower floor in accordance with the progress of the demolition. It relates to a method of demolishing a building, characterized by being reused.

  Moreover, the building demolition method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the slab support device according to claim 6 is used.

  Since the present invention is configured as described above, it is possible to reduce the number of temporary columns installed on each floor, and it is not necessary to install on all the floors below the top floor, and the slab can realize labor saving of the dismantling work. A support device and a building dismantling method are provided.

It is general | schematic explanatory sectional drawing explaining the conventional method of demolishing a building. It is a schematic explanatory drawing explaining the arrangement | positioning state in planar view of the temporary support | pillar of FIG. It is a schematic explanatory perspective view of the slab support apparatus of a present Example. It is a schematic explanatory sectional drawing explaining the building demolition method using the slab support apparatus of a present Example. It is a schematic explanatory drawing explaining the arrangement | positioning state in planar view of the diagonal support body and auxiliary | assistant support body of the slab support apparatus of FIG.

  An embodiment of the present invention which is considered to be suitable will be briefly described with reference to the drawings showing the operation of the present invention.

  The diagonal support 5 is inclined so as to be pressed against the center of the ceiling slab 4 from the top of the floor beam 40, which is less likely to sink than the center of the floor slab and has a high strength. Since the floor beam 40 having a high strength can directly support the load from the oblique support body 5, the ceiling slab 4 can be supported so as to push up the ceiling slab 4. The ceiling slab 4 can be supported by the number of installations.

  In addition, since the present invention is installed with one end abutting against the floor beam 40 and the other end abutting against the ceiling slab 4, the vertical force applied to the floor slab (center portion) is reduced as much as possible. Thus, the amount of deformation can be suppressed, and there is no need to install the temporary struts on all the floors below the top floor so that the positions in plan view coincide with each other. If installed up to the second floor, deformation of the floor slab can be prevented, the building can be sufficiently reinforced, and it can be efficiently disassembled.

  Further, since the oblique support 5 and the lower abutment body 7 and the upper abutment body 8 are rotatably connected, the oblique support body 5 can be obliquely installed at an arbitrary inclination angle, and can correspond to various sites. Is possible.

  A specific embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  The present embodiment is a slab support device that reinforces the building 1 when the existing building 1 is sequentially demolished from the upper floor to the lower floor by the weight-removing machine 2, and has an expansion / contraction mechanism and has a floor beam 40 and a ceiling. The slanted support 5 is provided between the slabs 4 in a slanted state. A lower abutment 7 that abuts against the floor beam 40 is provided at one end of the slanted support 5 and the other end. Is provided with an upper abutment body 8 that abuts against the ceiling slab 4 (a central portion that is not a beam), and the lower abutment body 7 and the upper abutment body 8 are rotatable with respect to the oblique support body 5. It is connected.

  Specifically, the oblique support 5 is provided in an oblique state between the corner 3 formed by the floor beam 40 and the wall 41 of the predetermined floor and the ceiling slab 4, and the oblique support 5 is a main body. 6, the lower contact body 7 provided at one end of the main body 6, and the upper contact body 8 provided at the other end of the main body 6. In this embodiment, the floor beam 40 including the edge of the floor slab on the beam (supported directly by the beam) is referred to.

  In this embodiment, the other end of each oblique support body 5 of the two slab support devices in which one end portion (lower contact body 7) is in contact with the corner portion 3 formed by the floor beam 40 and the wall 41 surrounding the floor slab. It installs so that a part (upper contact body 8) may face | match. The upper abutting bodies 8 may be placed in contact with each other, or may be placed facing each other so as to sandwich the protruding portion 29 provided on the ceiling slab 4. The upper abutting bodies 8 of the pair of inclined support bodies 5 that are abutted may be formed as an integral structure, or may be divided into left and right structures as described later.

  Therefore, this embodiment is provided for each floor partitioned by the walls of each floor of the building 1. Further, the number to be installed on each floor is set as appropriate according to the size of the floor, the strength of the ceiling slab 4, and the like. Alternatively, a conventional temporary column 32 may be supplementarily used for the floor beam 40 having no wall 41, and one end may be brought into contact with the corner 3 formed by the temporary column 32 and the floor beam 40. In this embodiment, the temporary support column 32 is provided on the floor beam 40 without the wall 41. However, the temporary support column 32 is not essential, and the lower contact portion of the oblique support 5 is provided only on the floor beam 40. You may make it contact | abut.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the main body 6 of the oblique support 5 includes an outer cylinder 6a, an intermediate cylinder 6b, and an inner cylinder 6c. In the figure, reference numeral 6d denotes an end plate to which a plate portion 19 and a movable portion 10a described later are attached.

  A screw groove 12 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate cylinder 6b, and a screw ring 13 having a screw portion that engages with a part of the screw groove 12 is rotatably engaged with the upper end of the outer cylinder 6a. Further, the inner cylinder 6c is inserted into the intermediate cylinder 6b, and pin pins 14 provided in a large number in the inner cylinder 6c and pin holes provided in the upper part of the intermediate cylinder 6b are aligned with each other and fixed with pins 15 to some extent. The length can be adjusted.

  Therefore, after the amount of protrusion of the inner cylinder 6c from the intermediate cylinder 6b is determined by fixing the pin, the screw ring 13 is rotated and the intermediate cylinder 6b is screwed to reduce the amount of protrusion of the intermediate cylinder 6b from the outer cylinder 6a. By fine adjustment, it can be pressed against the corner 3 and the ceiling slab 4 by the oblique support 5 in a close contact state.

  A jack 10 is provided between the lower end of the oblique support 5, that is, between the main body 6 and the lower contact body 7. As the jack 10, a general mechanical jack, a hydraulic jack, or the like can be adopted, and a force (preload) for pushing up the ceiling slab 4 by the jack 10 can be appropriately set.

  The oblique supports 5 are connected to each other by a connecting member 11 having an expansion / contraction mechanism. The connecting member 11 and the oblique support body 5 are rotatably connected.

  The oblique support 5 is provided with an auxiliary support 9 that abuts against the ceiling slab 4, and the auxiliary support 9 is rotatably connected to the oblique support 5. The auxiliary support 9 has a telescopic mechanism. The ceiling slab 4 can be pushed up by the jack 10 even at the position of the auxiliary support 9. When the center part of the ceiling slab 4 is pushed up, the generated force is reduced and reduced.

  The connecting member 11 and the auxiliary support 9 have the same configuration as that of the main body 6 of the oblique support 5 (configuration consisting of outer cylinders 11a and 9a, intermediate cylinders 11b and 9b, and inner cylinders 11c and 9c). After determining the amount of projection of the inner cylinders 11c and 9c from the intermediate cylinders 11b and 9b, the screw rings 30 and 31 are rotated and the amount of projection of the intermediate cylinders 11b and 9b from the outer cylinders 11a and 9a is adjusted by screwing. This is a configuration that can be finely adjusted. Therefore, the oblique support bodies 5 can be restrained closely to each other and pushed up after the auxiliary support body 9 is brought into close contact with the ceiling slab 4 by the jack 10 via the oblique support body 5.

  The connecting member 11 and the auxiliary support body 9 are rotatably connected to a receiving member 17 having a pin hole communicating with the pin hole 14 of the inner cylinder 6c of the main body 6 of the oblique support body 5. Accordingly, the position of the receiving member 17 can also be set according to the position of the pin hole 14 of the inner cylinder 6c through which the pin 16 is inserted.

  In the present embodiment, a structure in which each member is rotatably connected employs a structure in which a convex surface and a concave surface are fitted.

  Specifically, a semi-cylinder extends at the ends of the oblique support 5, the auxiliary support 9, and the connecting member 11 in directions orthogonal to the longitudinal directions of the oblique support 5, the auxiliary support 9, and the connecting member 11. A concave cylindrical surface coinciding with the convex cylindrical surface of the circumferential surface of the semi-cylindrical portion is provided in the receiving portion that receives the semi-cylindrical portion, and these members are fitted together so that the member having the semi-cylindrical portion rotates with respect to the receiving portion. It is configured to be movable.

  More specifically, a plate portion 19 provided with a semi-cylindrical portion 18 is provided at the distal end of the inner cylinder 6c of the main body 6 of the oblique support 5, and a base end of the outer cylinder 6a is a movable portion of the jack 10. A plate part 19 is provided which is connected to 10a and is provided with a semi-cylindrical part 18 at the bottom of the fixing part 10b of the jack 10. The lower abutment body 7 and the upper abutment body 8 have a receiving surface in which a concave cylindrical surface for receiving the semi-cylindrical portion 18 is formed on an abutting plate 20 having an L-shaped cross-sectional view composed of a horizontal plate portion and a vertical plate portion. In this configuration, the unit 21 is provided. The horizontal plate portion of the contact plate 20 of the lower contact body 7 contacts the floor beam 40, and the vertical plate portion contacts the wall 41. Further, the horizontal plate portion of the contact plate 20 of the upper contact member 8 contacts the ceiling slab 4, and the vertical plate portion contacts the vertical plate portion of the upper contact member 8 of the pair of oblique support members 5.

  The inclination angle of the oblique support 5 can be set as appropriate. Specifically, if it can be rotated and inclined at an angle of 30 ° or more and 60 ° or less with respect to the floor slab, a general-purpose response to a change in the building space can be sufficiently performed, and a supporting effect can be exhibited.

  Further, a contact plate 22 that contacts the ceiling slab 4 is provided at the distal end of the auxiliary support 9, and a plate portion 24 provided with a semi-cylindrical portion 23 is provided at the proximal end. The receiving member 17 is provided with a receiving portion 25 having a concave cylindrical surface for receiving the semi-cylindrical portion 23.

  Further, a plate portion 27 provided with a semi-cylindrical portion 26 is provided at the distal end and the proximal end of the connecting member 11. The receiving member 17 is provided with a receiving portion 28 having a concave cylindrical surface for receiving the semi-cylindrical portion 26.

  Therefore, each member can be rotatably connected with a simple configuration.

  Also, the slab support device can be removed from the installation location as the building is being demolished, moved to the lower floor sequentially, and reused.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the slab support device having the above configuration is installed between the floor beam 40 and the ceiling slab 4 on the floor from the top floor where the weight-removing machine 2 is arranged to the second floor at most. Only the ceiling slabs 4 of these floors are supported, and the dismantling by the weight removing machine 2 is sequentially performed.

  In the dismantling operation, the structure on the uppermost floor where the dismantling machine 2 is normally disposed is disassembled, and then moved down to a predetermined floor on the lower floor where the slab support device is installed in advance to disassemble the structure on that floor. However, after the dismantling machine 2 gets off, the reinforcement of the slab support device on the working floor can be removed, and the structures in the removed range are disassembled in order.

  Moreover, the concrete lump or the like generated by the dismantling is dropped to the ground from a drop opening appropriately formed in the building 1 and sequentially carried out by a carrying-out vehicle. In addition, it is preferable to install one or two sets of the oblique support bodies 5 of the slab support device on each floor of each floor, but a floor that is not installed according to the size of the floor, etc., and a floor that is installed three or more sets. Etc., as appropriate.

  In FIG. 4, a four-story building 1 is shown. However, in the case of a more multi-story building 1 (about 10 floors), only the ceiling slab 4 from the top floor to at most the second floor is similarly used. It has been confirmed that it can be reinforced well by supporting the operating ceiling slab 4 and the ceiling slab 4 on the floor immediately below it. Specifically, the structure that supports only the ceiling slab 4 on which the weight-removing machine 2 operates (the structure in which the slab support device is arranged only on the first floor below the top floor) can sufficiently secure the strength, but it is installed in advance in the process progress. Therefore, it is efficient to install them in advance on the first and second floors of the top floor so that they can be diverted sequentially as the dismantling work progresses.

  In this regard, when only the conventional temporary support as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is used, in the case of about the 10th floor, generally, it extends over three or more layers below the top floor on which the weight lifting machine operates. It is necessary to install it, and in some cases, it is necessary to install it on every floor, which is extremely troublesome.

  The reason why it is necessary to install the temporary struts on all the floors below the top floor in some cases will be described in detail below.

  In the floor slab, a larger settlement occurs in the central portion due to its own weight and load load, so that the bending tensile stress is increased on the lower surface and the bending compressive stress is increased on the upper surface in the central portion. The floor slabs of buildings that are currently being demolished are generally reinforced concrete structures, and in order to ensure the necessary strength against bending tension due to the load assumed in use, the floor slabs should be placed horizontally on the bottom side of the floor slab. Reinforcing with reinforcing bars. For bending compressive stress, the strength can be secured only with concrete, so there is often no reinforcing bar partially on the upper surface side of the floor slab. In the vicinity of the outer edge where the floor slab is partitioned and supported by the beam, the upper surface warps in a bending tensile force opposite to the above, so that the upper surface is reinforced by inserting reinforcing bars in the horizontal direction.

  When such a building is demolished sequentially from the upper floor to the lower floor using the dismantling machine, a large load is added to the floor slab in the above-mentioned state by the dismantling machine and the demolition crushed material, so a temporary support column etc. Without reinforcement by, the floor slab strength will be insufficient. Therefore, conventionally, in order to reinforce the building when installing the weight-removing machine, the ceiling slabs of each floor of the building are vertically installed and supported by temporary columns as disclosed in Patent Document 1.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the reinforcement of the temporary support column is supported on a floor slab separated from the outer edge where the upper end of the temporary support column receives the ceiling slab at the point and the lower end is supported by the beam. . However, in the uppermost floor slab where heavy loads such as heavy machinery are placed, at the position where the temporary support column is installed, the floor slab subsidence is suppressed from the surroundings and a bending tensile force is generated on the upper surface. In this case, the subsidence becomes maximal, and a bending tensile force is generated on the lower surface. It is necessary to determine the arrangement of the temporary struts so that the bending tensile force is equal to or less than the strength of the floor slab. Since a bending compressive force is generated on the upper surface during use, there is a position where there is no reinforcing bar on the upper surface, and there is a position where a bending tensile force is generated on the upper surface during dismantling work. There is no choice but to reduce the installation interval between the columns, and the planar arrangement and necessary number of temporary columns are determined. It is necessary to confirm that the temporary support column is strong against the force that pushes out the floor slab. Furthermore, the floor slab on the lower floor where the temporary support column is installed will bend more than the use state due to the load transmitted to the temporary support column, and is generally insufficient in strength. The ratio of the load of the heavy machinery or the like varies depending on the arrangement of the temporary struts and the relative relationship between the compressive deformation characteristics and the settlement characteristics of the floor slab. That is, when the floor slab is thin and wide, the floor slab is likely to sink, and the load acting on the floor slab on the lower floor is increased as compared with the case where the floor slab is thick and narrow. Supporting the temporary support column at the center of the floor slab, which is easy to sink, makes the temporary support column less effective because the upper slab is more likely to sink than when it is supported at a position where it does not sink. The reason for installing temporary struts at the same time in multiple layers is that the intermediate floor slabs and beams can bear a part of the load, and the load that the lower temporary struts bear becomes smaller. This is because it is necessary to reduce the load by installing multiple layers of temporary columns before the force generated in the floor slab supported by the lower surface satisfies the strength of the floor slab. Further, if temporary struts are not installed on all the floors below the top floor so as to overlap each other in plan view, the bending tensile force and the punching force generated by the floor slab become large and the floor slab is easily broken.

  In other words, the present invention has found a configuration that can reinforce the slab on the top floor in the same manner as when reinforcing the slab on the top floor only with a conventional temporary support, and can suppress the deformation of the floor slab when a large number of temporary support is installed side by side. It is groundbreaking.

  Since the present embodiment is configured as described above, the oblique support 5 is obliquely disposed so as to be pressed against both from the floor beam 40 of the corner 3 toward the center of the ceiling slab 4. Because the ceiling slab 4 can be pushed up against the part 3 (beams and walls) and the high-strength floor beam 40 can directly support the load from the diagonal support 5, a large number of temporary columns are placed on the floor slab. It is possible to support the ceiling slab 4 with a small number of installations, as compared with the configuration in which they are arranged in parallel.

  In addition, the vertical force applied to the floor slab (center part) can be reduced as much as possible, and the amount of deformation can be suppressed. Temporary struts are installed on all the floors below the top floor so that their positions in plan view coincide with each other. If the floor slab is installed up to the first or second floor of the floor where the weight-removing machine is installed, deformation of the floor slab can be prevented, and the building can be sufficiently reinforced and efficiently disassembled.

  Further, since the oblique support 5 and the lower abutment body 7 and the upper abutment body 8 are rotatably connected, the oblique support body 5 can be obliquely installed at an arbitrary inclination angle, and can correspond to various sites. Is possible.

  Therefore, the present embodiment can reduce the number of temporary support columns installed on each floor, and does not need to be installed on all the floors below the top floor, thereby realizing labor saving of dismantling work.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Building 2 Weight-removal machine 3 Corner part 4 Ceiling slab 5 Slope support body 7 Lower contact body 8 Upper contact body 9 Auxiliary support body
10 Jack
11 Connecting members
40 Floor beams
41 walls

Claims (10)

  This is a slab support device that reinforces the building when it is demolished sequentially from the upper floor to the lower floor using a weight-removing machine, and has an expansion / contraction mechanism and is installed obliquely between the floor beam and the ceiling slab A lower contact body that contacts the floor beam, and an upper contact body that contacts the ceiling slab at the other end. The slab support device, wherein the lower contact body and the upper contact body are rotatably connected to the oblique support body.   The slab support device according to claim 1, wherein the lower contact body is in contact with a corner formed by the floor beam and the wall.   The slab support device according to claim 1, wherein the oblique support body is provided with an auxiliary support body that abuts on the ceiling slab, and the auxiliary support body rotates relative to the oblique support body. A slab support device that is freely connected.   The slab support device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the oblique support body is provided with a jack for pressing the oblique support body against the floor beam and the ceiling slab. A slab support device.   The slab support device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the connecting structure of the oblique support body, the lower contact body, and the upper contact body is a structure in which a convex surface and a concave surface are fitted together. The slab support device characterized by being.   The slab support device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the slab support device is configured so that two upper abutting members face each other, and both oblique support members are connected by a connecting member. A slab support device characterized by being made.   A method for demolishing a building in which an existing building is demolished sequentially from an upper floor to a lower floor using a weight dismantling machine, wherein the existing building is disposed between a floor beam and a ceiling slab below the floor where the dismantling machine is disposed. A slab support device according to any one of claims 6 to 6 is provided to support the ceiling slab, and the building is demolished by the dismantling machine.   The building demolition method according to claim 7, wherein the slab support device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is provided between the floor beam and the ceiling slab of the first floor and the second floor of the floor on which the dismantling machine is arranged. A dismantling method for a building, characterized by comprising:   9. The building demolition method according to any one of claims 7 and 8, wherein the slab support device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is sequentially moved to a lower floor in accordance with the progress of the demolition, and is re-executed. A method of demolishing a building characterized by using.   The building demolition method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the slab support device according to claim 6 is used.

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