JP6448033B2 - Antenna device - Google Patents
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- JP6448033B2 JP6448033B2 JP2015116600A JP2015116600A JP6448033B2 JP 6448033 B2 JP6448033 B2 JP 6448033B2 JP 2015116600 A JP2015116600 A JP 2015116600A JP 2015116600 A JP2015116600 A JP 2015116600A JP 6448033 B2 JP6448033 B2 JP 6448033B2
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 244000027321 Lychnis chalcedonica Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 4
- ZBMRKNMTMPPMMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-4-[hydroxy(methyl)phosphoryl]butanoic acid;azane Chemical compound [NH4+].CP(O)(=O)CCC(N)C([O-])=O ZBMRKNMTMPPMMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
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Description
本発明は、アンテナ放射素子と周波数選択板（反射板）を用いたアンテナ装置に関する。 The present invention relates to an antenna device using an antenna radiating element and a frequency selection plate (reflecting plate).
移動無線通信の高速・大容量化が要求されている。移動無線通信では、指向性アンテナにより扇状のセルを形成するセクタセル構成をとっている。セクタセル構成にすることで、指向方向以外からの干渉波を除去することができ、近接するセルで同じ周波数帯域を繰り返し使用できるため、周波数利用効率を向上することができる。さらに、複数の周波数帯域を同時に使用することで大容量化を実現している（非特許文献１）。 There is a demand for high speed and large capacity mobile radio communications. In mobile radio communication, a sector cell configuration is used in which a fan-shaped cell is formed by a directional antenna. By adopting the sector cell configuration, it is possible to remove interference waves from directions other than the directivity direction, and it is possible to repeatedly use the same frequency band in adjacent cells, thereby improving the frequency utilization efficiency. Furthermore, a large capacity is realized by simultaneously using a plurality of frequency bands (Non-Patent Document 1).
所望のセクタセルを形成するために、移動無線通信用の従来の基地局アンテナでは、使用する周波数帯域毎に放射素子と金属反射板などからなる指向性アンテナを設置する必要がある。この基地局アンテナのアンテナ設置場所削減のために、複数の周波数選択板を反射板に適用したマルチバンドアンテナが提案されている（特許文献１、非特許文献２）。 In order to form a desired sector cell, in a conventional base station antenna for mobile radio communication, it is necessary to install a directional antenna composed of a radiating element and a metal reflector for each frequency band to be used. In order to reduce the antenna installation location of the base station antenna, a multiband antenna in which a plurality of frequency selection plates are applied to a reflection plate has been proposed (Patent Document 1, Non-Patent Document 2).
周波数選択板は、プリント基板上などに所定形状の金属素子やスロットなどの単位素子を周期的に配列することで、特定の周波数帯域の電磁波を反射または透過させる周波数フィルタの動作をする。複数の周波数帯域を共用する周波数共用アンテナ装置は、周波数共用アンテナ放射素子と、単位素子のサイズ等が異なる複数の周波数選択板を周波数共用アンテナ放射素子からそれぞれ異なる距離で重ねて配置した構成となる。 The frequency selection plate operates as a frequency filter that reflects or transmits electromagnetic waves in a specific frequency band by periodically arranging unit elements such as metal elements and slots having a predetermined shape on a printed circuit board or the like. A frequency sharing antenna device sharing a plurality of frequency bands has a configuration in which a frequency sharing antenna radiating element and a plurality of frequency selection plates having different unit element sizes and the like are overlapped at different distances from the frequency sharing antenna radiating element. .
移動無線通信におけるセクタセルの設計では、所望のセクタセルとなるように、基地局アンテナの半値ビーム幅を設計することにより実現している。上りと下りの回線で異なる周波数帯域を用いる周波数分割複信（ＦＤＤ）では、エリア設計上、上りと下りで同一のエリアとする必要がある。すなわち、それぞれの周波数帯域で同一のエリアを形成する必要がある。このＦＤＤシステムにおいて、周波数共用アンテナ装置を基地局アンテナとして用いる場合には、上りの周波数帯域と下りの周波数帯域で半値ビーム幅が異なるため、エリア設計が困難になることが想定される。 The sector cell design in mobile radio communication is realized by designing the half-value beam width of the base station antenna so as to be a desired sector cell. In frequency division duplex (FDD) using different frequency bands for uplink and downlink, it is necessary to make the same area for uplink and downlink in terms of area design. That is, it is necessary to form the same area in each frequency band. In this FDD system, when the frequency sharing antenna apparatus is used as a base station antenna, the half-value beam width is different between the upstream frequency band and the downstream frequency band, so that it is assumed that the area design becomes difficult.
図４は、従来のアンテナ装置の構成例を示す（非特許文献２）。
図４において、アンテナ装置は、アンテナ放射素子４１と、反射板として複数の金属素子を周期的に配列した構造の周波数選択板４２から構成される。ここに示す周波数選択板４２の単位素子はループ形状になっており、以下「単位ループ素子」という。単位ループ素子の寸法は、Ｌ＝24.5ｍｍ、Ｗ＝ 2.5ｍｍであり、素子間隔は１ｍｍである。
FIG. 4 shows a configuration example of a conventional antenna device (Non-Patent Document 2).
In FIG. 4, the antenna device includes an antenna radiating element 41 and a
このようなアンテナ装置では、図５に示すように半値ビーム幅の周波数偏差が大きい。半値ビーム幅の周波数偏差が大きくなる原因は、周波数毎に周波数選択板４２を構成する単位ループ素子上の電流分布に偏りが発生するため、周波数毎に等価的な反射板のサイズが変化するためである。
In such an antenna device, the frequency deviation of the half-value beam width is large as shown in FIG. The reason why the frequency deviation of the half-value beam width becomes large is that the current distribution on the unit loop elements constituting the
本発明は、周波数選択板を反射板として用いるアンテナ装置において、半値ビーム幅の周波数偏差を低減することを目的とする。 An object of the present invention is to reduce the frequency deviation of the half-value beam width in an antenna device using a frequency selection plate as a reflection plate.
本発明は、所定の周波数帯域の電磁波を放射するアンテナ放射素子と、複数の金属素子を周期的に配列した構造を有し、所定の周波数帯域の電磁波を反射する周波数選択板とを備えたアンテナ装置において、周波数選択板は、複数の金属素子として周回電流が発生しない形状の金属素子を用いることで、所定の周波数帯域における半値ビーム幅の偏差を低減させる構成である。
周波数選択板の金属素子は長方形状あるいはエルサレムクロス形状である。
The present invention includes an antenna radiating element that radiates electromagnetic waves in a predetermined frequency band, and a frequency selection plate that has a structure in which a plurality of metal elements are periodically arranged and reflects electromagnetic waves in a predetermined frequency band. In the apparatus, the frequency selection plate is configured to reduce the deviation of the half-value beam width in a predetermined frequency band by using a metal element having a shape that does not generate a circular current as the plurality of metal elements.
The metal element of the frequency selection plate has a rectangular shape or a Jerusalem cross shape.
本発明のアンテナ装置は、周波数選択板として周回電流が発生しない形状の金属素子を周期的に配列した構造とすることにより、周波数帯域毎に金属素子上で電流が強め合う腹と弱め合う節が発生する場所が変化しない。これにより、周波数帯域毎に電流分布が変化せず、周波数帯域内の半値ビーム幅偏差を低減させることができる。 The antenna device according to the present invention has a structure in which metal elements having a shape that does not generate a circulating current are periodically arranged as a frequency selection plate, so that a node that weakens and weakens a belly where current is strengthened on the metal element for each frequency band. The place where it occurs does not change. Thereby, the current distribution does not change for each frequency band, and the half-value beam width deviation in the frequency band can be reduced.
具体的には、長方形状（ガングバスター形状）やエルサレムクロス形状とすることにより、周回電流が発生せず、電流分布の変化を小さくし、半値ビーム幅の周波数偏差を低減することができる。 Specifically, by using a rectangular shape (gang buster shape) or a Jerusalem cross shape, a circular current is not generated, a change in current distribution can be reduced, and a frequency deviation of the half-value beam width can be reduced.
図１は、本発明のアンテナ装置の実施例構成を示す。
図１において、アンテナ装置は、 3.5ＧHz帯を放射するアンテナ放射素子１１と、複数の単位素子を周期的に配列した周波数選択板１２から構成される。アンテナ放射素子１１は、周波数選択板１２から16.7ｍｍ離して配置し、 3.5ＧHzで共振するように寸法を調整している。
FIG. 1 shows a configuration of an embodiment of an antenna device according to the present invention.
In FIG. 1, the antenna device includes an antenna radiating element 11 that radiates a 3.5 GHz band and a
図２は、本発明のアンテナ装置の周波数選択板１２を構成する単位素子の例を示す。
図２(1) は、ガングバスター素子であり、図１に示す周波数選択板１２は長方形の単位素子を垂直方向に５素子、水平方向に３素子並べた構成である。ここでは、プリント基板を使用せず、電磁波の影響を無視することのできる治具（図示せず）に金属素子を貼り付けることにより実現する。単位素子の各寸法は、Ｌ＝47.2ｍｍ、ｗ＝ 2.5ｍｍ、ａ＝24.8ｍｍ、ｂ＝50ｍｍとした。
FIG. 2 shows an example of unit elements constituting the
FIG. 2 (1) shows a gangbuster element. The
図２(2) は、エルサレムクロス素子であり、単位素子の各寸法は、Ｌ＝31.5ｍｍ、Ｗ1 ＝５ｍｍ、Ｗ2 ＝９ｍｍ、ｄ＝20ｍｍ、素子間隔は１ｍｍとした。 FIG. 2 (2) shows a Jerusalem cross element. The unit element dimensions are L = 31.5 mm, W1 = 5 mm, W2 = 9 mm, d = 20 mm, and the element spacing is 1 mm.
図３は、本発明のアンテナ装置の水平面半値ビーム幅特性を示す。
ここでは、図４に示すループ素子を周波数選択板として用いた従来のアンテナ装置の図５に示す水平面半値ビーム幅特性も参考のために記載している。３ＧHzから 4.5ＧHzの範囲において、ビーム幅の偏差はループ素子で50度から 111度の61度であり、エルサレムクロス素子で65度から98度の33度であり、ガングバスター素子で93度から 104度の11度であり、ガングバスター素子が最も偏差の小さい半値ビーム幅特性を持つ。
FIG. 3 shows the horizontal half-value beam width characteristics of the antenna device of the present invention.
Here, the horizontal plane half-value beam width characteristic shown in FIG. 5 of the conventional antenna device using the loop element shown in FIG. 4 as a frequency selection plate is also described for reference. In the range from 3 GHz to 4.5 GHz, the beam width deviation is 61 degrees from 50 degrees to 111 degrees in the loop element, 33 degrees from 65 degrees to 98 degrees in the Jerusalem cross element, and from 93 degrees to 104 degrees in the Gangbuster element. The gangbuster element has a half-value beam width characteristic with the smallest deviation.
１１，４１ アンテナ放射素子
１２，４２ 周波数選択板
11, 41
Claims (3)
複数の金属素子を周期的に配列した構造を有し、前記所定の周波数帯域の電磁波を反射する周波数選択板と
を備えたアンテナ装置において、
前記周波数選択板は、前記複数の金属素子として周回電流が発生しない形状の金属素子を用いることで、前記所定の周波数帯域における半値ビーム幅の偏差を低減させる構成である
ことを特徴とするアンテナ装置。 An antenna radiating element that radiates electromagnetic waves in a predetermined frequency band;
In the antenna device having a structure in which a plurality of metal elements are periodically arranged, and including a frequency selection plate that reflects electromagnetic waves in the predetermined frequency band,
The frequency selection plate is configured to reduce a deviation of a half-value beam width in the predetermined frequency band by using a metal element having a shape that does not generate a circular current as the plurality of metal elements. .
前記金属素子は、長方形状であることを特徴とするアンテナ装置。 The antenna device according to claim 1,
The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein the metal element has a rectangular shape.
前記金属素子は、エルサレムクロス形状であることを特徴とするアンテナ装置。 The antenna device according to claim 1,
The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein the metal element has a Jerusalem cross shape.
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| JPS62143503A (en) * | 1985-12-18 | 1987-06-26 | Meisei Electric Co Ltd | Two-frequency shared antenna |
| SE463692B (en) * | 1989-05-19 | 1991-01-07 | F Stefan Johansson | ANTENNA DEVICE WITH REFLECTOR OR LENS CONSISTING OF A FREQUENCY GRATED |
| JP2014045278A (en) * | 2012-08-24 | 2014-03-13 | Ntt Docomo Inc | Frequency sharing directional antenna |
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