JP6447983B2 - 3d印刷デバイス用の焼結可能な供給原料 - Google Patents
3d印刷デバイス用の焼結可能な供給原料Info
- Publication number
- JP6447983B2 JP6447983B2 JP2017501222A JP2017501222A JP6447983B2 JP 6447983 B2 JP6447983 B2 JP 6447983B2 JP 2017501222 A JP2017501222 A JP 2017501222A JP 2017501222 A JP2017501222 A JP 2017501222A JP 6447983 B2 JP6447983 B2 JP 6447983B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- filament
- plasticizer
- filament according
- green body
- binder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 title claims description 28
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000002148 esters Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 heteroaromatic carboxylic acid ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxybenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- NOPFSRXAKWQILS-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO NOPFSRXAKWQILS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- PLLBRTOLHQQAQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-methylnonan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCO PLLBRTOLHQQAQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004440 Isodecyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960000735 docosanol Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000005165 hydroxybenzoic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- YLQLIQIAXYRMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylheptyl alcohol Chemical compound CCCCCC(CO)CCC YLQLIQIAXYRMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CO YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940090248 4-hydroxybenzoic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000299 Nylon 12 Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 7
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000000181 anti-adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- JBKVHLHDHHXQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N epsilon-caprolactam Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCN1 JBKVHLHDHHXQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003951 lactams Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- NMRPBPVERJPACX-UHFFFAOYSA-N octan-3-ol Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)CC NMRPBPVERJPACX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009704 powder extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004034 viscosity adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- ROGIWVXWXZRRMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbuta-1,3-diene;styrene Chemical class CC(=C)C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 ROGIWVXWXZRRMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYSRRFNXTXNWCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-phenylethenyl)furan-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C(C=CC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 PYSRRFNXTXNWCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 4-hydroxybenzoate Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000089 Cyclic olefin copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical class CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JHWNWJKBPDFINM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Laurolactam Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCCCCCCCN1 JHWNWJKBPDFINM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000571 Nylon 11 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002614 Polyether block amide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000147 Styrene maleic anhydride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005024 alkenyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005233 alkylalcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M salicylate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011115 styrene butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/10—Formation of a green body
- B22F10/18—Formation of a green body by mixing binder with metal in filament form, e.g. fused filament fabrication [FFF]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/60—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/16—Both compacting and sintering in successive or repeated steps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/001—Rapid manufacturing of 3D objects by additive depositing, agglomerating or laminating of material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
- B33Y70/10—Composites of different types of material, e.g. mixtures of ceramics and polymers or mixtures of metals and biomaterials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/10—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminium oxide
- C04B35/111—Fine ceramics
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/632—Organic additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/632—Organic additives
- C04B35/634—Polymers
- C04B35/63404—Polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B35/63408—Polyalkenes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/632—Organic additives
- C04B35/634—Polymers
- C04B35/63404—Polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B35/63424—Polyacrylates; Polymethacrylates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/632—Organic additives
- C04B35/634—Polymers
- C04B35/63404—Polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B35/63444—Nitrogen-containing polymers, e.g. polyacrylamides, polyacrylonitriles, polyvinylpyrrolidone [PVP], polyethylenimine [PEI]
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/632—Organic additives
- C04B35/634—Polymers
- C04B35/63448—Polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B35/63456—Polyurethanes; Polyisocyanates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/60—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up
- B22F10/62—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up by chemical means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/60—Aspects relating to the preparation, properties or mechanical treatment of green bodies or pre-forms
- C04B2235/602—Making the green bodies or pre-forms by moulding
- C04B2235/6026—Computer aided shaping, e.g. rapid prototyping
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
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Description
1980年代後半、金属射出成型(MIM:metal injection molding)及びセラミック射出成型(CIM:ceramic injection molding)を含む粉末射出成型プロセスが、確立された。これらのプロセスでは、微粉化された金属又はセラミック材料を、測定された量の結合剤材料と混合して、射出成型による形成として公知のプロセスを経てプラスチック加工設備により取り扱うことが可能な「供給原料」を形成する。成型プロセスは、単一操作で且つ高体積で、複雑な部品を成形することが可能である。そのようなプロセスの最終製造物は、一般に、様々な工業及び用途で使用される構成要素品目である。
前述の課題を解決するために、本発明は、3D印刷デバイスで使用するのに適切なフィラメントであって、
(a)金属(例えば、アルミニウム又は鋼)及び/又はセラミック粉末と;
(b)熱可塑性ポリマー及び少なくとも1種の可塑剤を含む、熱可塑性結合剤と;
(c)フィラメントの全重量を基準として0〜10重量%の間の添加剤と;
を含む又はこれらからなるフィラメントを提供する。
(i)本発明によるフィラメント、及び3D印刷デバイスを使用して、成形グリーン体をプリントするステップと;
(ii)成形グリーン体から可塑剤の少なくとも一部を除去するステップと;
(iii)ステップ(ii)から得られた成形グリーン体を焼結して、上記成形体を得るステップと;
を含む方法に関する。
本発明について以下に詳細に記述する前に、本発明は、本明細書に記述される特定の方法、プロトコル、及び試薬に限定されないことを理解されたい。その理由は、これらは変動し得るからである。本明細書で使用される用語は、単に特定の実施形態について記述する目的のものであり、添付される特許請求の範囲によってのみ限定されることになる本発明の範囲を限定することを意図しないことも理解されたい。他に定義されない限り、本明細書で使用される全ての技術的及び科学的用語は、当業者に一般に理解されるものと同じ意味を有する。
(a)金属(例えば、アルミニウム又は鋼)及び/又はセラミック粉末と;
(b)熱可塑性ポリマー及び少なくとも1種の可塑剤を含む、熱可塑性結合剤と;
(c)フィラメントの全重量を基準として0〜10重量%の間の添加剤と;
を含む又はこれらからなるフィラメントを提供する。
(i)本発明によるフィラメント、及び3D印刷デバイスを使用して、成形グリーン体をプリントするステップと;
(ii)成形グリーン体から可塑剤の少なくとも一部を除去するステップと;
(iii)ステップ(ii)から得られた成形グリーン体を焼結して、上記成形体を得るステップと;
を含む方法を提供する。
約15マイクロメートルの平均粒度を有する、噴霧化されたステンレス鋼粉末を、混練機で下記の結合剤成分と130℃で混合し、1時間均質化して、プラスチック状態の組成物を得た:
約1マイクロメートルの平均粒度を有する酸化アルミニウム粉末を、混練機で下記の結合剤成分と130℃で混合し、1時間均質化して、プラスチック状態の組成物を得た:
フィラメントの互いの結合力を試験するために、押し出されたフィラメントを互いに対して層状化した。120℃の温度で、フィラメントは融解し、いかなる圧力も加える必要なしに互いに対して表面的に接着した。このように調製したサンプルを、40℃のアセトン中に12時間抽出し、乾燥し、適切な条件下で焼結した(鋼をベースにした材料は、水素雰囲気中1360℃で、及び酸化アルミニウムをベースにした材料は、空気中1620℃で)。焼結密度は、理論上達成可能な値の95%よりも大きかった。
フィラメント内の結合剤が柔らか過ぎる場合、典型的な3Dプリンタの輸送デバイスは、十分な電力で印刷ヘッドにフィラメントを効果的に輸送することができなくなる。逆に、結合剤が硬過ぎる場合、フィラメント、特にセラミックをベースにしたフィラメントであって非常に微細なセラミック粒子を有するものは、非常に脆弱になり、これは取扱いに不便であり、プリント中のフィラメントの破壊をもたらす可能性もある。
メルトフローインデックス(MFI)は、熱可塑性材料の融解物の流れ易さの尺度である。これは、所定の選択的温度に対し、所定の選択的測定荷重により加えられた圧力によって、特定の直径及び長さの毛管内を10分で流れる材料の質量(単位:グラム)と定義される。
実施例1及び2の下で、上記にて概説した新しい複合材料は、熱溶解積層法高速プロトタイピング法でフィラメント供給原料を使用するために、首尾良く開発された。本発明の柔軟なフィラメントは、首尾良く製造された。フィラメントをスピンドルに巻き付け、適切な温度、例えば120℃で非常にうまく結合させることができた。新規なフィラメントの材料の特徴付けが、実施された。供給原料の材料の機械的試験値及びMFI値の解析は、FDMシステムなどの3D印刷システムで使用される供給原料の適切性を示す。さらに、この材料は、層同士の間で優れた結合を示し、したがって良好な構築プラットフォーム接着特性(build platform adhesion property)も有することになる。
Claims (19)
- 3D印刷デバイス用フィラメントであって、
(a)金属及び/又はセラミック粉末と、
(b)熱可塑性ポリマー及び少なくとも1種の可塑剤を含む、熱可塑性結合剤と、
(c)前記フィラメントの全重量を基準として0〜10重量%の間の添加剤と、
を含み又はこれらからなり、
DIN ISO 7619−1規格に従い20℃で測定した、前記熱可塑性結合剤のショアA硬度値が85〜95である、フィラメント。 - 前記金属及び/又はセラミック粉末が焼結可能である、請求項1に記載のフィラメント。
- 前記熱可塑性ポリマーが、ポリウレタン、ポリアミド、ポリビニルピロリドン、ポリアクリレート、ポリオレフィン、及びこれらの混合物からなる群から選択される、請求項1又は2に記載のフィラメント。
- 前記熱可塑性ポリマーが、コポリアミド、ポリアミド11、ポリアミド12、ポリエーテル−ブロックアミド、及びこれらの混合物からなる群から選択されるポリアミドである、請求項3に記載のフィラメント。
- 前記可塑剤が、有機溶媒を使用して、少なくとも20℃の温度で抽出することによって、前記フィラメントから少なくとも部分的に除去可能である、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載のフィラメント。
- 前記少なくとも1種の可塑剤が、置換若しくは非置換の芳香族若しくは複素芳香族カルボン酸エステル、又はこれらの混合物である、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載のフィラメント。
- 前記少なくとも1種の可塑剤が、ヒドロキシ安息香酸エステルの混合物である、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載のフィラメント。
- 前記ヒドロキシ安息香酸エステルが、ヒドロキシ安息香酸と、分枝鎖状又は直鎖状アルコールとのエステルであり、
前記アルコールが、分枝鎖状又は直鎖状C8〜C22アルコール及びこれらの混合物からなる群から選択され、
2−プロピルヘプチルアルコール、イソデシルアルコール、1−ドコサノール、1−オクタデカノール、1−ドデカノール、2−エチルヘキシルアルコール、及びこれらの混合物から好ましくは選択される、請求項7に記載のフィラメント。 - 前記ヒドロキシ安息香酸エステルが、p−ヒドロキシ安息香酸エステルである、請求項7又は8に記載のフィラメント。
- 前記少なくとも1種の可塑剤がエステルの混合物であり、
前記エステルの混合物が、20℃で固体のエステルと20℃で液体のエステルとを含む、又は
20℃で固体のエステルのみ含む、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載のフィラメント。 - 前記熱可塑性結合剤が、前記結合剤の全重量を基準として40重量%〜70重量%の間の可塑剤を含む、請求項1〜10のいずれか一項に記載のフィラメント。
- 前記熱可塑性結合剤が、100℃〜190℃の間の融解温度を有する、請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載のフィラメント。
- 前記フィラメントが、弾性を有し、0.5mm〜5mmの間の直径及び少なくとも10cmの長さを有する、請求項1〜12のいずれか一項に記載のフィラメント。
- 化合物(a)、(b)、及び(c)の量が、下記の表で実施形態(A)から(F)のいずれか1つに示された通りであり、但し示される重量パーセンテージは、前記フィラメントの全重量を基準とするものであって、
(a)前記金属及び/又はセラミック粉末と、
(b)前記熱可塑性ポリマー及び可塑剤を含む前記熱可塑性結合剤と、
(c)前記添加剤と、
に関して合計100重量%になる、請求項1〜13のいずれか一項に記載のフィラメント。
- 成形体の製造方法であって、
(i)請求項1〜14のいずれか一項に記載のフィラメント、及び3D印刷デバイスを使用して、成形グリーン体をプリントするステップと、
(ii)前記成形グリーン体から前記可塑剤の少なくとも一部を除去するステップと、
(iii)ステップ(ii)から得られた前記成形グリーン体を焼結して、前記成形体を得るステップと、
を含む方法。 - ステップ(ii)において、前記可塑剤は、前記グリーン体と、前記可塑剤を抽出することが可能な有機溶媒とを接触させることによって抽出され、前記抽出は、前記成形グリーン体の形状を変化させない、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 請求項1〜14のいずれか一項に記載のフィラメントの、3D印刷デバイスでの使用。
- フィラメントを用いて3Dプリントすることにより得られるグリーン体であって、
請求項1〜14のいずれか一項に定義された金属及び/又はセラミック粉末と、請求項1〜14のいずれか一項に定義された熱可塑性結合剤とを含む、グリーン体。 - 3D印刷デバイス用フィラメントを製造するための、請求項1〜14のいずれか一項に定義された結合剤の使用。
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US20170144222A1 (en) | 2017-05-25 |
WO2016004985A1 (en) | 2016-01-14 |
US10737480B2 (en) | 2020-08-11 |
CN106661766A (zh) | 2017-05-10 |
EP3167101B1 (en) | 2019-09-18 |
CN106661766B (zh) | 2019-09-06 |
EP3167101A1 (en) | 2017-05-17 |
US11135830B2 (en) | 2021-10-05 |
PL3167101T3 (pl) | 2020-03-31 |
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MY191292A (en) | 2022-06-14 |
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