JP6443298B2 - Battery pack - Google Patents

Description

  The disclosure in this specification relates to a battery pack having a plurality of battery cells housed in a housing.

  Conventionally, what was described in patent document 1 is known as a battery pack which accommodates a battery cell, for example. The battery pack of Patent Document 1 circulates a first heat exchange medium in a laminar flow state inside a casing that houses a plurality of batteries, and allows the second heat exchange medium to flow along the outer surface of the casing. A cooling structure is provided. The battery pack efficiently exchanges heat with the battery by causing the first heat exchange medium to flow in a laminar state, and also exchanges heat with the housing using the second heat exchange medium. be able to.

JP 2009-170370 A

  Generally, the amount of heat released from the inside of the housing to the outside is proportional to the temperature difference between the surface temperature of the housing and the fluid flowing outside the housing. Therefore, according to the battery pack of Patent Document 1, the external fluid absorbs heat radiated to the outside through the casing when flowing outside the casing, so that the fluid temperature rises as it goes downstream. For this reason, the temperature difference between the surface temperature of the housing and the fluid flowing outside the housing is smaller on the downstream side than on the upstream side. Therefore, there is a problem that the heat dissipation performance inside the housing is lowered toward the downstream side. For this reason, the inside of the housing is less likely to be cooled on the downstream side than the upstream side in the flow direction of the external fluid, and the temperature distribution inside the housing may be biased.

  In view of such problems, the object of the disclosure in this specification is to provide heat dissipation performance in a downstream portion of the casing in a battery pack that promotes heat dissipation through the casing by an external fluid flowing outside along the casing. It is to suppress the decrease.

  A plurality of aspects disclosed in this specification adopt different technical means to achieve each purpose. Further, the reference numerals in parentheses described in the claims and in this section are examples showing the correspondence with the specific means described in the embodiments described later as one aspect, and limit the technical scope. is not.

One of the disclosed battery packs includes a battery assembly (120) configured to include a plurality of batteries (121), an internal fluid driving device (140) that drives an internal fluid that cools the battery assembly, and at least A housing (110) that houses the battery assembly, and a circulation passage for the internal fluid formed inside the housing, and after the internal fluid that has flowed out of the internal fluid driving device exchanges heat with the battery, the internal fluid A circulation passage (130) that forms a flow path of the internal fluid flowing into the drive device, and an external fluid passage that is provided outside the housing so that the external fluid flows along the housing, and the flow direction of the external fluid An external fluid passage (170; 270; 370) configured to include a first external passage (170a; 270a; 370a) and a second external passage (170b; 270b; 370b) arranged in a direction intersecting with the first outer passage; With external fluid circulating device for circulating the external fluid passage and a second outer passage and (172), a
The first external passage is located downstream of the first upstream passage (170a1; 270a1; 370a1) located on the upstream side of the external fluid and the first upstream passage, and the amount of heat exchange between the external fluid and the housing A first downstream passage (170a2; 270a2; 370a2) configured to be smaller than a heat exchange amount in the first upstream passage,
The second external passage is located downstream of the second upstream passage (170b1; 270b1; 370b1) located on the upstream side of the external fluid and the second upstream passage, and the amount of heat exchange between the external fluid and the housing Includes a second downstream passage (170b2; 270b2; 370b2) configured to be larger than the heat exchange amount in the second upstream passage.

  According to the disclosed battery pack, the external fluid flowing along the housing can cool the housing by flowing through at least the first external passage and the second external passage and exchanging heat with the housing. Further, since the internal fluid circulates through the circulation passage inside the casing, the battery can be directly cooled. In the first external passage, the external fluid cools the casing by actively exchanging heat with the casing in the first upstream passage on the upstream side, and the external fluid whose temperature has increased due to heat exchange in the first upstream passage The fluid is configured to reduce the amount of heat exchange with the housing in the first downstream passage. In the second external passage, the amount of heat exchange between the external fluid and the housing is reduced in the second upstream passage on the upstream side, and the external fluid whose temperature rise is suppressed actively exchanges heat in the first downstream passage. Thus, the casing is configured to be cooled. Thereby, the external fluid flowing through the first external passage can positively cool the casing in the upstream passage, and the external fluid flowing through the second external passage can actively cool the casing in the downstream passage. The housing can be effectively cooled over the entire length in the external fluid flow direction. Therefore, this battery pack can suppress a decrease in heat dissipation performance via the housing in the downstream portion of the external fluid.

It is a top view which shows the structure and fluid flow of the battery pack of 1st Embodiment. It is an arrow line view in the II-II cross section of FIG. It is an arrow line view in the III-III cross section of FIG. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows an internal fin. It is a perspective view which shows an external fin. It is a perspective view which shows the fluid flow in connection with the internal fin in a housing | casing. It is a perspective view which shows the position of an external fin, and the fluid flow in an external duct. In the battery pack of 2nd Embodiment, it is a side view which shows an external fin and an external duct. In the battery pack of 3rd Embodiment, it is a side view which shows an external fin and an external duct. It is an arrow view in the XX cross section of FIG. It is an arrow view in the XI-XI cross section of FIG. It is an arrow view in the XII-XII cross section of FIG. It is an arrow view in the XIII-XIII cross section of FIG.

  Hereinafter, a plurality of modes for carrying out the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. In each embodiment, parts corresponding to the matters described in the preceding embodiment may be denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description may be omitted. When only a part of the configuration is described in each mode, the other modes described above can be applied to the other parts of the configuration. Not only combinations of parts that clearly indicate that combinations are possible in each form, but also forms may be partially combined even if they are not clearly specified, as long as there is no problem with the combination. Is possible.

(First embodiment)
The battery pack 1 of 1st Embodiment is demonstrated referring FIGS. 1-7. The battery pack 1 is used in, for example, a hybrid vehicle using a motor driven by electric power charged in a battery and an internal combustion engine as a travel drive source, an electric vehicle using a motor as a travel drive source, and the like. The plurality of single cells 121 included in the battery pack 1 are, for example, a nickel metal hydride secondary battery, a lithium ion secondary battery, an organic radical battery, or the like.

  The battery pack 1 is installed in a pack accommodation space such as a trunk room of a vehicle or a back area of the trunk room provided below the trunk room. This battery pack accommodation space may be, for example, a place where spare tires, tools, etc. can be accommodated. The battery pack 1 is installed in the battery pack accommodation space with the bottom wall 112 and the bottom wall side passage 135 positioned downward.

  Moreover, the battery pack 1 may be installed under the front seat provided in the vehicle interior of the vehicle or under the rear seat. In this case, the battery pack 1 is installed below the front seat, the rear seat, and the like with the bottom wall 112 and the bottom wall side passage 135 positioned downward. Further, the space where the battery pack 1 is installed below the rear seat may be communicated with the trunk room back area below the trunk room. The installation space can also be configured to communicate with the outside of the vehicle.

  In the first embodiment, for example, in FIG. 1, Fr indicates the vehicle front side, Rr indicates the vehicle rear side, RH indicates the vehicle right side, and LH indicates the vehicle left side. The direction Rr and the direction Fr are battery stacking directions. When showing the direction in the battery pack 1, the direction of Fr-Rr may be called the front-back direction or a battery lamination direction. The direction of RH-LH may be referred to as the left-right direction. The direction in which gravity acts is sometimes referred to as the up-down direction.

  The battery pack 1 is formed by electrically connecting a casing 110 that forms a sealed internal space isolated from the outside, and a plurality of cells 121 that are housed in the casing 110 and are connected to be energized. A battery assembly 120 configured. One or a plurality of battery assemblies 120 are housed in the housing 110 to form an assembled battery of the battery pack 1. A housing 110 accommodates a circulation passage 130 through which a fluid for cooling each unit cell 121 of the battery assembly 120 circulates and an internal blower 140 through which the fluid is circulated through the circulation passage 130. An example of the battery assembly 120 is a battery stack in which a plurality of unit cells 121 are stacked and formed integrally in a posture in which main surfaces having the largest surface area are opposed to each other.

  In the battery pack 1, the first internal fins 150 and the second internal fins 151 are provided inside the casing 110, and the first external fins 160 and the second external fins 161 are provided outside the casing 110 ( (See FIGS. 4 and 5). Further, as shown in FIG. 7, an external duct 170 having an external blower 172 is provided outside the first external fin 160 and the second external fin 161 so as to cover the first external fin 160 and the second external fin 161. It has been.

  As illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3, the housing 110 includes two battery assemblies 120 arranged in the left-right direction, and two first blowers 140 </ b> A arranged in the left-right direction on the vehicle rear side of the battery assembly 120. And the second blower 140B. The casing 110 has a box shape composed of a plurality of walls surrounding the internal space, and is formed of a molded product of an aluminum plate or an iron plate. The casing 110 is, for example, a rectangular parallelepiped flat in the vertical direction, and includes, for example, a top wall 111, a bottom wall 112, a side wall 113, a side wall 114, a side wall 115, and a side wall 116 that are six surfaces. The housing 110 includes a partition wall 117 that partitions the inside, and a first beam 3 and a second beam 4 for reinforcement on the bottom wall 112. Further, the first beam 3 and the second beam 4 are provided with a blocking wall 118 and a blocking wall 119 on their upper surfaces.

  The top wall 111 is a wall that forms the upper surface of the housing 110, and is a rectangular wall having long sides in the front-rear direction. The bottom wall 112 is a wall that forms the lower surface of the housing 110, and has the same shape as the top wall 111. The side wall 113 and the side wall 114 are walls that form the left and right surfaces of the casing 110, and are elongated rectangular walls having long sides in the front-rear direction. The side wall 113 and the side wall 114 are in a positional relationship facing each other. The side wall 115 and the side wall 116 are walls that form the front and rear surfaces of the housing 110, and are elongated rectangular walls having long sides in the left-right direction. The side wall 115 and the side wall 116 are in a positional relationship facing each other. The side walls 115 and 116 are provided so as to be orthogonal to the side walls 113 and 114.

  The housing 110 may be manufactured by forming a space in the interior by joining and assembling a plurality of case bodies instead of using the walls 111 to 116. Moreover, you may make it form a some convex part or a recessed part in the surface of a predetermined wall among the several walls which form the housing | casing 110, in order to enlarge a thermal radiation area. In the battery pack 1, the direction along the long sides of the side walls 113 and 114 corresponds to the front-rear direction, and the direction along the long sides of the side walls 115 and 116 corresponds to the left-right direction.

  The partition wall 117 is a wall that is disposed near the side wall 116 inside the housing 110, is parallel to the side wall 116, and connects the side wall 113 and the side wall 114. The partition wall 117 extends from the inner surface of the bottom wall 112 to an intermediate position in the vertical direction of the housing 110. A space 117 a is formed between the partition wall 117 and the side wall 116.

  For example, a battery management unit is accommodated in the space 117a. A battery management unit (Battery Management Unit) is configured to be able to communicate with various electronic control devices mounted on a vehicle. The battery management unit is a device that manages at least the storage amount of the unit cell 121 and is an example of a battery control unit that performs control related to the unit cell 121. In addition, the battery management unit may be a device that monitors current, voltage, temperature, and the like related to the unit cell 121 and manages an abnormal state, leakage, and the like of the unit cell 121.

  A signal related to the current value detected by the current sensor is input to the battery management unit. Similar to the vehicle ECU, the battery management unit includes an input circuit, a microcomputer, an output circuit, and the like. Battery information is stored as data in the storage means of the microcomputer. The stored battery information data includes, for example, the battery voltage, the charging current, the discharging current, and the battery temperature in the battery pack 1.

  The battery management unit also functions as a control device that controls the operation of the first blower 140A, the second blower 140B, the external blower 172, and the PTC heater 2. The battery management unit receives temperature information detected by a temperature detector that detects the temperature of the unit cell 121. The temperature detector is provided in each unit cell 121 or a predetermined unit cell 121 in the plurality of unit cells 121. The temperature detector can be configured by a temperature detection line, a temperature sensor, or the like that outputs a signal to the battery management unit. When a condition for performing battery cooling or battery heating according to the battery temperature detected by the temperature detector is satisfied, the battery management unit is provided with the first blower 140A, the second blower 140B, the external blower 172, and the PTC heater. Control each operation of 2.

  The first beam 3 and the second beam 4 are reinforcing members for improving the strength of the casing 110, and a plurality of the first beam 3 and the second beam 4 are provided inside the bottom wall 112 side by side in the left-right direction. In the first embodiment, three beams are installed. The three beams are the first beam 3 positioned near the side wall 113, the second beam 4 positioned in the middle portion between the side wall 113 and the side wall 114, and the first beam 3 positioned near the side wall 114. Each of the beams 3 and 4 has a long and narrow bar shape, and is installed on the bottom wall 112 such that the longitudinal direction thereof is directed in the front-rear direction in the housing 110 and is arranged at equal intervals in the left-right direction.

  Each of the beams 3 and 4 is formed separately from the housing 110 and is, for example, a member having a rectangular or trapezoidal cross-sectional shape. For example, each of the beams 3 and 4 has a U-shaped or U-shaped cross section, and is fixed to the bottom wall 112 so that the opening portion faces downward. A battery assembly 120 is placed on the upper surface of each beam 3, 4. Therefore, the beams 3 and 4 support the battery assembly 120 from below on the bottom wall 112 side of the casing 110. The beams 3 and 4 are made of, for example, an aluminum material or an iron material.

  The two first beams 3 are beams located on the outermost both sides in the left-right direction, and are installed along the side wall 113 and the side wall 114. The first beam 3 is installed integrally in contact with the side wall 113 or the side wall 114 and the bottom wall 112, and functions to reinforce the side wall 113, the side wall 114, and the bottom wall 112.

  The two first beams 3 and the one second beam 4 are installed at equal intervals. The distance between the center lines of the adjacent beams is set to be equal to the horizontal dimension of the unit cell 121. The dimension between adjacent beams is set to be larger than the width dimension of one beam. The width dimension of each beam 3, 4 is the length of each beam in the direction in which two first beams 3 and one second beam 4 are arranged. The plate thickness of each beam 3, 4 is set to be thicker than the plate thickness of the bottom wall 112.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the length in the longitudinal direction of each beam 3, 4 is set to be longer than the length in the stacking direction of the unit cells 121 in the entire battery assembly 120. In other words, one end portion and the other end portion in the longitudinal direction of each beam 3, 4 extend so as to protrude outward in the front-rear direction from the battery assembly 120. The outermost first beams 3 and the intermediate second beam 4 are extended to the side wall 115 such that one end portion in the longitudinal direction is in contact with the side wall 115. Similarly, the other end portion in the longitudinal direction of each beam 3, 4 extends through the partition wall 117 and extends to the side wall 116 so as to contact the side wall 116.

  The blocking wall 118 is a flat plate member, and is provided in each of the beams 3 and 4 to the outside in the front-rear direction, that is, to a position closer to the partition wall 117 than the region where the unit cells 121 are disposed. The blocking wall 118 is extended from the side wall 113 to the side wall 114 on the upper surface of each beam 3, 4 between the partition wall 117 and the battery assembly 120. The space above the first beam 3 at both ends and the intermediate second beam 4 is blocked from the portion of the bottom wall 112 between the partition wall 117 and the battery assembly 120 by the blocking wall 118. The blocking wall 118 is formed from an aluminum plate or an iron plate.

  The blocking wall 119 is a flat plate member similar to the blocking wall 118, and is provided in each of the beams 3 and 4 to a position reaching the side wall 115 to the outside in the front-rear direction from the region where the unit cell 121 is disposed. The blocking wall 119 extends from the side wall 113 to the side wall 114 on the upper surface of each beam 3, 4 between the side wall 115 and the battery assembly 120. The space above the first beam 3 at both ends and the intermediate second beam 4 is blocked from the portion of the bottom wall 112 between the side wall 115 and the battery assembly 120 by the blocking wall 119. The blocking wall 119 is formed from an aluminum plate or an iron plate. The blocking wall 119 is provided with an opening hole at a position corresponding to each suction port 143a of the first blower 140A and the second blower 140B. The two opening holes constitute two communication openings that allow the bottom wall side passage 135 and the two suction ports 143a to communicate with each other.

  The unit cell 121 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape in which the outer case is flat in the front-rear direction, and includes electrode terminals 121a such as a positive electrode terminal and a negative electrode terminal that protrude outward from one end surface of the outer case. The battery assembly 120 is formed by stacking a plurality of unit cells 121 and constraining the stacked unit cells 121.

  In the battery assembly 120, electrode terminals of different polarities in adjacent unit cells 121 are electrically connected by a conductive member such as a bus bar. The connection between the bus bar and the electrode terminal is performed, for example, by screwing or welding. Accordingly, the total terminal portions arranged at both ends of the plurality of unit cells 121 electrically connected by a bus bar or the like are configured to be supplied with electric power from the outside or discharged toward other electric devices. ing.

  The plurality of battery assemblies 120 are installed on the upper surfaces of the first beam 3 and the second beam 4. For example, in the battery assembly 120 installed near the side wall 113, one end portion on the side wall 113 side at the lower end portion of the battery assembly is supported from below by the first beam 3, and the other end portion at the lower end portion is the first end portion. It is supported from below by two beams 4. In addition, the battery assembly 120 installed near the side wall 114 has one end on the side of the side wall 114 at the lower end of the battery assembly supported from below by the first beam 3, and the other end at the lower end is the first. It is supported from below by two beams 4. Thus, each of the battery assembly 120 on the side wall 113 side and the battery assembly 120 on the side wall 114 side is supported by the first beam 3 and the second beam 4 at both ends in the left-right direction.

  Each first beam 3 is integrated with the bottom wall 112 and each battery assembly 120 while being sandwiched between the bottom wall 112 and the battery assembly 120 on the side wall 113 side or the battery assembly 120 on the side wall 114 side. Thus, the strength of the housing 110 is increased. The second beam 4 is integrated with the bottom wall 112 and the two battery assemblies 120 while being sandwiched between the bottom wall 112 and the two battery assemblies 120, thereby increasing the strength of the casing 110. It is increasing.

  The circulation passage 130 is a passage that is formed inside the housing 110 and through which a fluid that exchanges heat around each unit cell 121 circulates. A series of distribution paths connecting the passage 134, the bottom wall side passage 135, and the blower 140 are formed. The side wall-side passage 131 is a passage that is orthogonal to both the top wall 111 and the bottom wall 112, extends in parallel to the side wall 113, and is formed between the battery assembly 120 and the side wall 113. The side wall-side passage 132 is a passage that is orthogonal to both the top wall 111 and the bottom wall 112, extends parallel to the side wall 114, and is formed between the battery assembly 120 and the side wall 114. The top wall side passage 133 is a passage formed between the top wall 111 and the battery assembly 120 and extending parallel to the top wall 111.

  The side wall side passage 131 and the top wall side passage 133 are connected inside the boundary portion between the top wall 111 and the side wall 113. The side wall side passage 132 and the top wall side passage 133 are connected inside the boundary portion between the top wall 111 and the side wall 114. Therefore, the ceiling wall side passage 133 is a passage connected to both the side wall side passage 131 and the side wall side passage 132, and the fluid flowing through the side wall side passage 131 and the fluid flowing through the side wall side passage 132 can be mixed. A simple passage. The inter-battery passage 134 is a passage formed between adjacent unit cells 121 in the battery assembly 120, and is a plurality of passages that connect the top wall side passage 133 and the bottom wall side passage 135. Therefore, the fluid flowing through the top wall side passage 133 is divided into the plurality of inter-battery passages 134 and merges in the bottom wall side passages 135 that have flowed out of the inter-battery passages 134.

  The inflow portion of the inter-battery passage 134 is in a positional relationship facing the inflow portion of the bottom wall side passage 135 that is also the outflow portion of the inter-cell passage 134. Therefore, the fluid that has flowed into the inter-battery passage 134 from the top wall side passage 133 flows down and flows into the bottom wall side passage 135.

  The bottom wall side passage 135 is a passage formed as a space surrounded by at least the bottom wall 112, the lower end portion 1211 of the battery assembly 120, and the beams 3 and 4. The bottom wall side passage 135 is a passage that is provided downstream of the inter-battery passage 134 and extends toward the inflow portion of the internal blower 140. Further, the bottom wall side passage 135 includes a space surrounded by the bottom wall 112, the blocking wall 118 and the beams 3 and 4, and a space surrounded by the bottom wall 112, the blocking wall 119 and the beams 3 and 4. The bottom wall side passage 135 is a passage formed between the adjacent first and second beams 3 and 4 below each battery assembly 120. In the first embodiment, the battery pack 1 includes two bottom wall side passages 135 arranged in the left-right direction and extending in the front-rear direction or the battery stacking direction. The two bottom wall side passages 135 constitute mutually independent passages in which no fluid enters and exits between the two passages.

  The internal blower 140 is an internal fluid driving device that is housed inside the housing 110 and forcibly circulates a heat exchange fluid in the circulation passage 130. In 1st Embodiment, the internal air blower 140 is arrange | positioned and comprised on the obstruction | occlusion wall 119 so that two, the 1st air blower 140A and the 2nd air blower 140B, may be located in a line. Hereinafter, the two blowers 140A and the blower 140B may be collectively referred to as the internal blower 140. As the fluid circulated in the circulation passage 130, for example, air, various gases, water, a refrigerant, or the like can be used.

  As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3, the first blower 140 </ b> A and the second blower 140 </ b> B are arranged inside the casing 110 so as to be symmetrical with respect to the center line facing the front-rear direction of the casing 110. It is installed between each battery assembly 120. The first blower 140A and the second blower 140B have a motor 141, a sirocco fan 142, and a fan casing 143, respectively. The motor 141 is an electric device that rotationally drives the sirocco fan 142, and is provided above the sirocco fan 142. The sirocco fan 142 is a centrifugal fan that sucks fluid in the direction of the rotation axis and blows out the fluid in the centrifugal direction. The sirocco fan 142 is installed such that the rotation axis is directed in the vertical direction.

  The fan casing 143 is an air guide member that is formed so as to cover the sirocco fan 142 and sets the suction and discharge directions of the fluid by the sirocco fan 142. The fan casing 143 includes a suction port 143a that opens below the sirocco fan 142, a blow-out duct 143b that guides the flow of the blown fluid, and a blow-out port 143c that opens at the tip of the blow-out duct 143b. As shown in FIG. 3, each blowout duct 143 b extends from the side surface of the sirocco fan 142 to the center side in the housing 110 and then makes a U-turn so that the side wall side passage 131 side and the side wall side passage 132 side. Form a path to each of them.

  The suction port 143a of the first blower 140A is disposed so as to correspond to the position of the communication opening of the blocking wall 119. The suction port 143a of the second blower 140B is disposed so as to correspond to the position of the communication opening of the blocking wall 119. The suction port 143a of the first blower 140A is connected to the bottom wall side passage 135 located on the side wall 114 side through the communication opening of the blocking wall 119. The suction port 143 a of the second blower 140 </ b> B is connected to the bottom wall side passage 135 located on the side wall 113 side through the communication opening of the blocking wall 119.

  The outlet 143c of the first blower 140A is disposed so as to be connected to the side wall-side passage 131. The air outlet 143c is located near the bottom wall 112 in the side wall-side passage 131, and is arranged to face the side wall 116 in the vicinity of the unit cell 121 that is closest to the side wall 115 among the plurality of unit cells 121 to be stacked. Is done. The outlet 143c of the second blower 140B is disposed so as to be connected to the side wall-side passage 132. The outlet 143c is located near the bottom wall 112 in the side wall passage 132 and faces the side wall 116 in the vicinity of the unit cell 121 closest to the side wall 115 among the stacked unit cells 121. Be placed.

  A heating device that heats the fluid to a predetermined temperature is provided at an intermediate position in the vertical direction in the fan casing 143. For example, a PTC heater 2 having a self-temperature control function is used as the heating device.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 6, the first internal fin 150 is a heat exchange promoting fin that protrudes on the side of the side wall 113 and on the inner surface of the side wall 114. Contribute. Therefore, the side wall 113 and the side wall 114 serve as a heat radiating portion that releases the heat to the outside of the housing 110 when the fluid flowing out from the first blower 140A and the second blower 140B comes into contact. The second internal fins 151 are fins for promoting heat exchange that protrude on the side wall 113 side and the side wall 114 side on the inner surface of the top wall 111, respectively, and contribute to housing heat dissipation via the top wall 111. The first internal fins 150 and the second internal fins 151 are formed from an aluminum material, an iron material, or the like that is excellent in thermal conductivity.

  The first internal fins 150 are provided at two locations of the side wall 113 and the side wall 114 so as to be symmetric with respect to the center line facing the front-rear direction of the casing 110. The second internal fins 151 are respectively provided on the side wall 113 side and the side wall 114 side of the top wall 111 so as to be symmetric with respect to the center line facing the front-rear direction of the casing 110. For each of the internal fin 150 and the internal fin 151, for example, a straight fin that can set a flow resistance to a fluid relatively small is employed. The straight fins are fins in which a large number of thin plate-like fin portions protruding vertically from the thin plate-like substrate portion are arranged in parallel, and a fluid passage is formed between the fin portions. The internal fins 150 and the internal fins 151 are not limited to straight fins, and other corrugated fins, offset fins, and the like may be employed.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the substrate portion of the first internal fin 150 has an elongated right triangle shape or trapezoidal shape connecting the corner portion A, the corner portion B, and the corner portion C, and the corner portion B has a substantially right angle. I am doing. The length of the long side AB extending in the front-rear direction is set to be equal to the length of the battery assembly 120 in the stacking direction. The length of the short side BC extending in the vertical direction is set to be slightly smaller than the vertical dimension of the side walls 113 and 114. The board part is arranged so that the position in the front-rear direction corresponds to the position of the battery assembly 120. The short side BC is located on the side wall 116 side, the corner A facing the short side BC is located on the side wall 115 side, and the long side AB is disposed along the upper side of the side wall 113 and the side wall 114, The substrate portion is bonded to the inner surfaces of the side wall 113 and the side wall 114, respectively. Therefore, the oblique side CA of the substrate portion is a side inclined downward from the side wall 115 side toward the side wall 116 side.

  The fin portion of the first internal fin 150 protrudes vertically from the substrate portion toward the plurality of unit cells 121, and the protruding tip portion has a plurality of single units so that more fluid flows through the fin portion. The battery 121 extends to a position close to the side surface. Further, the plate surface of the fin portion is set to be inclined toward the side wall 116 from the lower side to the upper side with respect to the vertical direction. Moreover, the length of the fluid passage by a fin part is set so long that it goes to the side wall 116 side from the side wall 115 side.

  The substrate portion of the second internal fin 151 has an elongated triangular shape connecting the corner portion D, the corner portion E, and the corner portion F. The length of the long side DE extending in the front-rear direction is set to be equal to the long side AB of the substrate portion of the first internal fin 150. The substrate portions of the second internal fins 151 are arranged so that the position in the front-rear direction corresponds to the position of the first internal fins 150. The short side EF is located on the side wall 115 side, the corner portion D facing the short side EF is located on the side wall 116 side, and the long side DE is arranged along the side of the top wall 111 in the front-rear direction. The substrate portion of the second internal fin 151 is joined to the inner surface of the top wall 111 so as to be adjacent to the fin portion of the first internal fin 150.

  The fin portion of the second internal fin 151 protrudes vertically from the substrate portion toward the plurality of unit cells 121, and the protruding tip portion has a plurality of protrusions so that more fluid flows through the fin portion. It extends to a position close to the upper surface of the unit cell 121. The plate surface of the fin portion is set to be inclined toward the side wall 116 toward the center side of the housing 110 with respect to the left-right direction. The length of the fluid passage by the fin portion is set to be shorter from the side wall 115 side toward the side wall 116 side. The fluid passage by the fin portion of the second internal fin 151 is connected to be continuous with the fluid passage by the fin portion of the first internal fin 150.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the first external fin 160 and the second external fin 161 are heat exchange promoting fins provided outside the housing 110. The first external fins 160 and the second external fins 161 are made of an aluminum material or an iron material that is excellent in thermal conductivity. The first external fins 160 are respectively provided on the side wall 113 side and the side wall 114 side so as to be symmetric with respect to the center line facing the front-rear direction of the casing 110. The second external fins 161 are respectively provided at two locations on the top wall 111 on the side wall 113 side and the side wall 114 side so as to be symmetric with respect to the center line facing the front-rear direction of the housing 110.

  Here, for example, corrugated fins that can set heat transfer performance with respect to a fluid relatively large are employed as the external fins 160 and 161. The corrugated fin has a wave shape as a whole, and a large number of louvers are formed on the wavy surfaces facing each other, and a fluid passage is formed between the wavy surfaces facing each other and between the louvers. It has become a fin. Moreover, as each external fin 160,161, it can also be set as a straight fin like each internal fin 150,151, a corrugated fin without a louver, or an offset fin.

  A plurality of, for example, two first external fins 160 are provided as a set on each of the side wall 113 and the side wall 114. The two first external fins 160 are on the side walls at a position shifted in the flow direction of the external fluid flowing inside the external duct 170, in other words, in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle and also shifted in the vertical direction. It is provided to become. A plurality of, for example, two, second external fins 161 are provided as a set. The second external fin 161 is provided on the side of the top wall 111 on the side wall 113 and side wall 114 side so that the wave continuation direction faces the front-rear direction at a position corresponding to the second internal fin 151.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the external duct 170 is a duct that allows an external fluid to flow along the outer surface of the housing 110. The external duct 170 includes a first duct portion 170a and a second duct portion 170b that are arranged in a direction intersecting the flow direction of the external fluid and extend in the flow direction of the external fluid. The first duct portion 170a is located outside the second side wall 113 and the second side wall 114 and below the second duct portion 170b to form a first external passage. The second duct part 170b is positioned above the first duct part 170a on the outside of the side wall 113 and the side wall 114 to form a second external passage. Therefore, the first external passage and the second external passage are passages arranged in a direction intersecting the flow direction of the external fluid.

  For example, air that has been conditioned in the passenger compartment is used as the external fluid. The outer duct 170 has a flat cross-sectional shape including a passage, and the outer surface of the housing 110, for example, the side wall 113, the side wall 114, the side wall 113 side of the top wall 111, the side wall 114 side, and the outer surface of the side wall 115. It is provided so as to cover. The external duct 170 includes the external fin 160 and the external fin 161. Each of the first duct part 170a and the second duct part 170b has a flat cross-sectional shape including the first external passage and the second external passage so as to cover a part of the outer surface of the side wall 113 or the side wall 114. Provided. The first external passage and the second external passage have a length equal to or longer than the length of the battery assembly 120 in the front-rear direction, that is, the length of the battery assembly 120 in the direction of external fluid flow.

  The external duct 170 includes suction portions that suck in the conditioned air at both ends on the side wall 116 side. A wind direction device 171 for diverting the sucked conditioned air to the lower first external passage and the second external passage and the second external fin 161 side is provided on the downstream side immediately after the suction portion. An external blower 172 is provided at the center of the external duct 170 on the side wall 115 side. A suction portion of the external blower 172 is provided at a position facing the central portion of the side wall 115, and an upper portion and a lower portion of the external blower 172 serve as blowout portions that blow out conditioned air. For example, a turbo fan is used for the external blower 172.

  Accordingly, the fluid sucked from the suction portion of the external duct 170 is divided into the first external passage and the second external passage, and then merges and flows along the side wall 115 and is sucked into the external blower 172. The external fluid exchanges heat with the casing 110 in the process of flowing along the side wall 113 and the side wall 114 in this way. Further, the fluid diverted to the second external fin 161 side flows into the second external passage, then flows along the side wall 115 and is sucked into the external blower 172. In addition, as an external fluid which distribute | circulates to the external fluid channel | path in the external duct 170, various gas, water, a refrigerant | coolant etc. other than air can also be used, for example.

  The first external passage includes a first upstream passage 170a1 located upstream of the external fluid, and a first downstream passage 170a2 located downstream of the first upstream passage 170a1. As shown in FIG. 7, the first external fin 160 is provided so as to be positioned in the first upstream passage 170a1, but is not provided in the first downstream passage 170a2. Thereby, the external fluid flowing through the first external passage contacts the side wall 113 and the first external fin 160 in the upstream first upstream passage 170a1, and contacts the side wall 113 in the downstream first downstream passage 170a2. Only. Therefore, the first downstream passage 170a2 is configured such that the heat exchange amount between the external fluid and the housing 110 is smaller than the heat exchange amount in the first upstream passage 170a1.

  The second external passage includes a second upstream passage 170b1 located on the upstream side of the external fluid and a second downstream passage 170b2 located downstream of the second upstream passage 170b1. As shown in FIG. 7, the first external fin 160 is provided so as to be positioned in the second downstream side passage 170b2, but is not provided in the second upstream side passage 170b1. Thus, the external fluid flowing through the second external passage only contacts the side wall 113 in the upstream second upstream passage 170b1, but the side wall 113 and the first external fin in the downstream second downstream passage 170b2. 160 is contacted. Accordingly, the second downstream passage 170b2 is configured such that the heat exchange amount between the external fluid and the housing 110 is larger than the heat exchange amount in the second upstream passage 170b1.

  The above-described configuration relating to the heat exchange amount applied to the first external passage and the second external passage and the first external fin 160 is the same for the first external passage and the second external passage along the side wall 114.

  Next, the operation of the battery pack 1 will be described. The unit cell 121 self-heats at the time of output from which current is extracted and at the time of input to be charged. The unit cell 121 is affected by the temperature outside the housing 110 according to the season. The battery management unit constantly monitors the temperature of the unit cell 121 using a temperature detector, and controls the operations of the first blower 140A, the second blower 140B, the external blower 172, and the PTC heater 2 based on the temperature of the unit cell 121. .

  The battery management unit applies a voltage controlled to a duty ratio of an arbitrary value included in 0% to 100% with respect to the maximum voltage to the first blower 140A and the second blower 140B according to the temperature of the unit cell 121. Then, the rotation speed of the sirocco fan 142 is varied. Depending on the temperature of the unit cell 121, the PTC heater 2 may be operated together with the first fan 140A and the second fan 140B, or the external fan 172 may be operated together with the first fan 140A and the second fan 140B.

  For example, when only the first blower 140A and the second blower 140B are operated, the internal fluid in the housing 110 circulates in the circulation passage 130 as shown in FIGS. At this time, the fluid is sucked in from the suction ports 143a of the first blower 140A and the second blower 140B, and the fluid blown out from the blowout port 143c through the blowout duct 143b is the sidewall side passage 131 and the sidewall side passage, respectively. Flows into 132.

  The internal fluid that has flowed into each of the side wall-side passage 131 and the side wall-side passage 132 flows smoothly from the bottom wall 112 side to the top wall 111 side along the fin portions of the first internal fin 150 that are inclined. Each of the side wall-side passage 131 and the side wall-side passage 132 is a flat cross-section passage extending long along its long side, and other top wall-side passages 133, It is smaller than the inter-battery passage 134 and the bottom wall side passage 135. For this reason, the flow velocity of the fluid can be secured to some extent, and here, the dynamic pressure is a dominant field. Therefore, in each of the side wall-side passage 131 and the side wall-side passage 132, the heat of the fluid accompanying the flow velocity is effectively transmitted to the first internal fin 150, and further released to the outside through the side wall 113 and the side wall 114.

  Next, the internal fluid flows smoothly into the fin portion of the second internal fin 151 that is continuously connected to the first internal fin 150, and flows into the top wall side passage 133 along the fin portion. The inlet cross-sectional area when flowing into the top wall 111 is much larger than the inlet cross-sectional area when flowing into the side wall passage 131 and the side wall passage 132, and the flow velocity of the fluid is small. Here, static pressure is the dominant field. Therefore, the fluid that has flowed into the top wall side passage 133 from each of the side wall side passage 131 and the side wall side passage 132 easily reaches the top wall side passage 133 equally.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the fluid flowing into the top wall side passage 133 from the side wall side passage 131 mainly spreads above the battery assembly 120 on the side wall 113 side. The fluid that flows into the top wall side passage 133 from the side wall side passage 132 mainly spreads above the battery assembly 120 on the side wall 114 side. The heat of the internal fluid flowing into the ceiling wall side passage 133 is transmitted from the second internal fin 151 to the ceiling wall 111 or directly transmitted to the ceiling wall 111 and released to the outside.

  Next, the internal fluid that flows into the top wall side passage 133 passes through the inter-battery passages 134 and reaches the bottom wall side passage 135. Here, the side wall-side passage 131, the side wall-side passage 132, and the top wall-side passage 133 become positive pressure spaces by the blowout of the first blower 140A and the second blower 140B, respectively. The bottom wall side passage 135 becomes a negative pressure space by suction of each of the first blower 140A and the second blower 140B, and fluid movement from the top wall side passage 133 side to the bottom wall side passage 135 side is caused by the pressure difference between the two. It will be done continuously. When the internal fluid passes through the inter-battery passage 134, the heat of each cell 121 is transferred to the internal fluid.

  The internal fluid that has flowed into each bottom wall side passage 135 flows down between the beams along the bottom wall 112 and reaches the suction port 143a of the first blower 140A and the suction port 143a of the second blower 140B. The heat of the fluid flowing down the bottom wall side passage 135 is transmitted to the bottom wall 112 and released to the outside. As described above, the internal fluid circulates through the circulation passage 130 in the housing 110, so that the heat of the fluid, that is, the heat of the unit cell 121, is released to the outside from the side wall 113, the side wall 114, the top wall 111, and the bottom wall 112. The At this time, heat exchange is promoted by the first internal fin 150 and the second internal fin 151 on the side wall 113, the side wall 114, and the top wall 111.

  For example, when the unit cell 121 has a low temperature, the PTC heater 2 is operated in addition to the operations of the first blower 140A and the second blower 140B as described above. At this time, the internal fluid flowing through the blowout duct 143 b is heated by the PTC heater 2. The heated internal fluid circulates through the circulation passage 130 in the casing 110, so that each unit cell 121 is heated to a temperature at which it can be properly operated by the heated internal fluid. The decline can be corrected.

  Further, for example, when the unit cell 121 becomes high temperature, the external blower 172 is operated in addition to the operations of the first blower 140A and the second blower 140B. In this case, external fluid, for example, conditioned air in the passenger compartment, is sucked into the external duct 170 from the suction portion of the external duct 170.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the conditioned air sucked into the external duct 170 flows into the first external passage in the first duct part 170a and the second external part in the second duct part 170b by the wind direction device 171. It is divided into the flow flowing into the passage. The air flowing into the first external passage flows along the side wall 113 while contacting the first external fin 160 when flowing down the first upstream side passage 170a1, and exchanges heat with the first external fin 160 and the side wall 113. Furthermore, air flows along the side wall 113 and exchanges heat with the side wall 113 when flowing down the downstream first downstream passage 170a2. Thereby, in the 1st downstream channel | path 170a2, since the 1st external fin 160 does not exist, the heat exchange amount of an external fluid and the housing | casing 110 becomes smaller than the heat exchange amount in the 1st upstream channel | path 170a1. Therefore, the external fluid flowing through the first external passage can actively cool the housing 110 in the passage on the upstream side rather than the downstream side.

  On the other hand, the air flowing into the second external passage flows along the side wall 113 and exchanges heat with the side wall 113 when flowing down the second upstream side passage 170b1. Furthermore, air flows along the side wall 113 while contacting the first external fin 160 when flowing down the downstream second downstream passage 170b2, and exchanges heat with the first external fin 160 and the side wall 113. Thereby, in the 2nd upstream channel | path 170b1, since the 1st external fin 160 does not exist, the heat exchange amount of an external fluid and the housing | casing 110 becomes smaller than the heat exchange amount in the 2nd downstream channel | path 170b2. Therefore, the external fluid flowing through the second external passage can positively cool the housing 110 in the passage on the downstream side of the upstream side.

  The air that has flowed out of each of the first external passage and the second external passage is merged, then flows into the passage along the side wall 115, is sucked into the suction portion of the external blower 172, and is then provided on the upper and lower portions of the external blower 172. It is blown out from the blowout part. Moreover, since the same fluid flow is performed also in the external duct 170 provided in the side wall 114 side, the same effect is obtained.

  In this way, the heat in the housing 110 is effectively released to the outside by the first external fin 160 and the second external fin 161 in addition to the first internal fin 150 and the second internal fin 151. Therefore, the battery pack 1 can forcibly cool each unit cell 121 to an appropriate temperature in a short time.

  As described above, in the battery pack 1, the battery assembly 120, the circulation passage 130, the first blower 140A, and the second blower 140B are provided in the housing 110. Furthermore, by providing the PTC heater 2, the first internal fin 150 and the second internal fin 151, the temperature control and heating of each unit cell 121 can be performed without leaking the operation sound of the first blower 140 </ b> A and the second blower 140 </ b> B into the vehicle interior. Can be performed appropriately. Furthermore, by providing the first external fin 160, the second external fin 161, the external duct 170, and the external blower 172, forced cooling at a high temperature can be performed.

  Next, the effect which the battery pack 1 of 1st Embodiment brings is demonstrated. The battery pack 1 is formed in the battery assembly 120, an internal fan 140 that drives an internal fluid that cools the battery assembly 120, a housing 110 that houses at least the battery assembly 120, and the housing 110. An internal fluid circulation passage 130. The battery pack 1 further includes an external fluid passage provided outside the housing 110 so that an external fluid flows along the housing 110, and includes a first external passage arranged in a direction intersecting the flow direction of the external fluid, An external fluid passage including the second external passage is provided. The battery pack 1 includes an external blower 172 that allows an external fluid to flow through the first external passage and the second external passage. The first external passage includes a first upstream passage 170a1 located on the upstream side of the external fluid, and a first downstream passage 170a2 located downstream of the first upstream passage 170a1. The first downstream passage 170a2 is configured such that the heat exchange amount between the external fluid and the housing 110 is smaller than the heat exchange amount in the first upstream passage 170a1. The second external passage includes a second upstream passage 170b1 located on the upstream side of the external fluid, and a second downstream passage 170b2 located downstream of the second upstream passage 170b1. The second downstream passage 170b2 is configured such that the heat exchange amount between the external fluid and the housing 110 is larger than the heat exchange amount in the second upstream passage 170b1.

  According to the battery pack 1, the external fluid flowing along the housing 110 can cool the housing 110 by flowing through at least the first external passage and the second external passage and exchanging heat with the housing 110. Further, since the internal fluid flows through the circulation passage 130 and circulates inside the housing 110, the unit cell 121 can be directly cooled. The second external passage cools the housing 110 due to active heat exchange between the external fluid and the housing 110 in the first upstream passage 170a1 on the upstream side, and the external temperature rises in the first upstream passage 170a1. The fluid reduces the amount of heat exchange with the housing 110 in the first downstream passage 170a2. In the second external passage, the heat exchange amount between the external fluid and the housing 110 is small in the second upstream passage 170b1 on the upstream side, and the external fluid whose temperature rise is suppressed on the upstream side is heated in the second downstream passage 170b2. The housing 110 can be cooled by actively performing the replacement. As a result, the external fluid flowing through the first external passage can actively cool the housing 110 in the upstream passage, and the external fluid flowing through the second external passage can actively cool the housing 110 in the downstream passage. Therefore, the housing 110 can be effectively cooled over the entire length in the external fluid flow direction. Therefore, the battery pack 1 can suppress a decrease in heat dissipation performance via the housing 110 in the downstream portion.

  The battery pack 1 includes first external fins 160 that are provided so as to be capable of heat transfer with the housing 110. The first external fin 160 is provided so as to be exposed in each of the first upstream side passage 170a1 and the second downstream side passage 170b2. According to this configuration, the first external passage actively moves the casing 110 upstream by the external fluid actively exchanging heat with the first external fins 160 in the first upstream passage 170a1 on the upstream side. Can be cooled. The second external passage can cool the casing 110 on the downstream side when the external fluid actively exchanges heat with the first external fins 160 in the second downstream passage 170b2 on the downstream side. Therefore, since the battery pack 1 has both the passage that is strongly cooled on the upstream side and the external fluid passage that is strongly cooled on the downstream side, it is possible to ensure the heat dissipation performance via the housing 110 in the downstream portion.

  Moreover, since the battery pack 1 implement | achieves efficient housing | casing heat dissipation, it can suppress that an internal fluid drive device is drive | operated by high output and the circulation air volume is increased. For this reason, the battery pack 1 which can suppress the noise to the exterior of the housing | casing 110 and can suppress energy consumption, such as power consumption for driving | operating an external fluid drive device, is obtained.

  The battery pack 1 includes a wind direction device 171 that divides the external fluid that has flowed into the external duct 170 into a passage in the first duct portion 170a and a passage in the second duct portion 170b. According to this structure, the external fluid is branched by the wind direction device 171 into a flow flowing into the first external passage in the first duct portion 170a and a flow flowing into the second external passage in the second duct portion 170b. Can be guided to. Thereby, it is possible to reliably carry out heat radiation through the housing 110 by the external fluid flowing through the first external passage and heat radiation through the housing 110 by the external fluid flowing through the second external passage.

  In the battery pack 1, the external fluid that flows through the external fluid passage and the internal fluid that flows inside the casing 110 along which the external fluid passes are in a counterflow. According to this configuration, since the fluid flowing outside the casing 110 and the fluid flowing inside the casing 110 are opposed to each other, the battery pack 1 with improved heat exchange performance inside and outside the casing 110 can be provided.

(Second Embodiment)
In the second embodiment, a battery pack 101 which is another form of the battery pack 1 of the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 8, components given the same reference numerals as those in the drawing of the first embodiment are the same components and have the same operational effects. Hereinafter, content different from the first embodiment will be described.

  The battery pack 101 is different from the battery pack 1 in the external fluid passage. As shown in FIG. 8, the first duct part 270a and the second duct part 270b included in the external duct 270 of the battery pack 101 do not constitute a passage that extends straight in the front-rear direction of the vehicle. The first duct portion 270a is configured to include an upstream first upstream passage 270a1 and a downstream first downstream passage 270a2 located at a position higher than the first upstream passage 270a1. The first downstream passage 270a2 is provided to be positioned below the first upstream passage 270a1 by a passage width in the vertical direction. The first upstream passage 270a1 and the first downstream passage 270a2 are passages that extend straight in the front-rear direction of the vehicle. The first upstream passage 270a1 and the first downstream passage 270a2 are connected by a passage inclined obliquely downward toward the downstream side.

  The second duct portion 270b is configured to include an upstream second upstream passage 270b1 and a downstream second downstream passage 270b2 located higher than the second upstream passage 270b1. The second downstream side passage 270b2 is provided to be positioned lower than the second upstream side passage 270b1 by the passage width in the vertical direction. The second upstream side passage 270b1 and the second downstream side passage 270b2 are passages that extend straight in the front-rear direction of the vehicle. The second upstream passage 270b1 and the second downstream passage 270b2 are connected by a passage inclined obliquely downward toward the downstream side. The first duct portion 270a and the second duct portion 270b configured as described above are provided so that the passages are adjacent to each other in the vertical direction. The first upstream passage 270a1 and the second downstream passage 270b2 are provided so that their vertical positions are the same height.

  The external fin 160 is exposed in the first upstream passage 270a1, and the external fin 160 is exposed in the second downstream passage 270b2. Accordingly, the external fluid exchanges heat with the external fin 160 when flowing down the first upstream passage 270a1, and exchanges heat with the external fin 160 when flowing down the second downstream passage 270b2. Furthermore, the external fin 160 exposed in the first upstream passage 270a1 and the external fin 160 exposed in the second downstream passage 270b2 are provided so that their vertical positions are at the same height. With these configurations, both external fins 160 are provided in a line in the flow direction of the external fluid.

  According to the battery pack 101 of the second embodiment, the first external fin 160 exposed in the first upstream passage 270a1 and the first external fin 160 exposed in the second downstream passage 270b2 are at least in the flow direction of the external fluid. It is provided so that a part may overlap. According to this configuration, the side wall of the casing 110 can be efficiently cooled in a range where both external fins overlap in the flow direction. For this reason, the battery pack 101 with improved heat dissipation performance via the housing 110 can be provided by setting the overlapping range in the portion where the temperature is most likely to rise on the side wall of the housing 110.

  Furthermore, the first external fins 160 exposed in the first upstream passage 270a1 and the first external fins 160 exposed in the second downstream passage 270b2 may be provided so as to all overlap in the flow direction of the external fluid. According to this configuration, the area of the range in which both external fins overlap in the flow direction can be increased, so that the side wall of the housing 110 can be cooled more efficiently. Thereby, since the range with high heat dissipation performance in the side wall of the housing | casing 110 can be enlarged, the battery pack 101 which improved the heat dissipation performance via the housing | casing 110 can be provided.

(Third embodiment)
In 3rd Embodiment, the battery pack 201 which is the other form of the battery pack 1 of 1st Embodiment is demonstrated with reference to FIGS. 9-13. In each figure, the component which attached | subjected the same code | symbol as drawing of 1st Embodiment is a similar component, and there exists the same effect. Hereinafter, contents different from the above-described embodiment will be described.

  The battery pack 201 is different from the battery pack 1 in the external fluid passage. As shown in FIGS. 9 to 13, the first duct portion 370 a and the second duct portion 370 b included in the external duct 370 of the battery pack 201 are paths that extend straight in the front-rear direction of the vehicle along the side wall of the housing 110. Configure. Accordingly, the first duct portion 370a is configured to include the upstream first upstream passage 370a1 and the downstream first downstream passage 370a2 at the same height as the first upstream passage 370a1. Is done. The second duct portion 370b is configured to include an upstream second upstream passage 370b1 and a downstream first downstream passage 370a2 at the same height as the second upstream passage 370b1. .

  As shown in FIGS. 10, 12, and 13, the second upstream-side passage 370 b 1 constitutes a passage formed inside a duct portion provided so as not to contact the housing 110. Further, the second downstream side passage 370b2 constitutes a passage formed inside a duct portion provided so as to contact the housing 110. As shown in FIGS. 11, 10, 12, and 13, the first upstream passage 370 a 1 constitutes a passage formed inside a duct portion that is provided so as to contact the housing 110. The first downstream side passage 370a2 constitutes a passage formed inside a duct portion provided so as not to contact the housing 110.

  According to the battery pack 201, the first upstream passage 370a1 is a passage provided inside the duct portion that contacts the housing 110, and the first downstream passage 370a2 is an interior of the duct portion that does not contact the housing 110. It is a passage provided in. Furthermore, the second downstream passage 370b2 is a passage provided in the duct portion that contacts the housing 110, and the second upstream passage 370b1 is a passage provided in the duct portion that does not contact the housing 110. .

  According to this, the first external passage can actively cool the casing 110 on the upstream side by the external fluid actively exchanging heat with the casing 110 in the first upstream passage 370a1 on the upstream side. The second external passage can cool the housing 110 on the downstream side by vigorously exchanging heat with the housing 110 in the second downstream passage 370b2 on the downstream side. Therefore, since the battery pack 201 has both the passage that is strongly cooled on the upstream side and the external fluid passage that is strongly cooled on the downstream side, it is possible to ensure the heat dissipation performance via the casing 110 in the downstream portion.

(Other embodiments)
The disclosure of this specification is not limited to the illustrated embodiments. The disclosure encompasses the illustrated embodiments and variations by those skilled in the art based thereon. For example, the disclosure is not limited to the combination of components and elements shown in the embodiments, and various modifications can be made. The disclosure can be implemented in various combinations. The disclosure may have additional parts that can be added to the embodiments. The disclosure includes those in which the components and elements of the embodiment are omitted. The disclosure encompasses parts, element replacements, or combinations between one embodiment and another. The technical scope disclosed is not limited to the description of the embodiments. The technical scope disclosed is indicated by the description of the claims, and should be understood to include all modifications within the meaning and scope equivalent to the description of the claims.

  The external fluid passage according to the above-described embodiment is a passage including at least a first external passage and a second external passage, and may further include a passage in addition to these two passages.

  The external fluid passage according to the above-described embodiment has a first external passage below and a second external passage above the first external passage. This is the first external passage and the second external passage. This is an example of the positional relationship between the passages, and the positional relationship between the two passages may be reversed.

  In the above-described embodiment, the first external passage has a smaller amount of heat exchange with the housing 110 in the first downstream passage on the downstream side than in the first upstream passage on the upstream side than in the first upstream passage. Although it is comprised so that it may become, it is not limited to this form. For example, the first upstream passage may be configured to have a smaller amount of heat exchange with the housing 110 than the first downstream passage.

  In the above-described embodiment, the second external passage has a larger amount of heat exchange with the housing 110 in the second downstream passage downstream than the second upstream passage upstream. Although it is comprised so that it may become, it is not limited to this form. For example, the second upstream passage may be configured such that the amount of heat exchange with the housing 110 is greater than that of the second downstream passage.

  The external fin 160 may be provided in each of the first upstream passage 370a1 and the second downstream passage 370b2 in the third embodiment described above.

  The configuration of the external fluid passage according to the third embodiment described above may be applied to the first embodiment or the second embodiment.

  In the above-described embodiment, the number of battery assemblies included in the battery pack is two, but the number is not limited. That is, when only one battery assembly included in the battery pack is accommodated inside the casing, when a plurality of battery assemblies are installed side by side in one direction, a plurality of battery assemblies are also provided in other directions intersecting the one direction. This includes cases where they are installed side by side.

  In the above-described embodiment, the casing 110 forms a hexahedron and a rectangular parallelepiped, but the casing 110 is not limited to this shape. For example, the casing 110 may be a polyhedron having more than six surfaces, or at least one surface may include a curved surface. Moreover, the housing | casing 110 may be formed in the dome shape in which a top wall contains a curved surface, and the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of a housing | casing may exhibit trapezoid shape. Further, in the case 110, the top wall is a wall having a positional relationship facing the bottom wall, and the shape thereof may include either a flat surface or a curved surface. Further, in the case 110, the side wall may be a wall extending from the bottom wall in a direction intersecting the bottom wall, or may be a wall extending from the top wall in a direction intersecting the top wall. The boundary between the top wall and the side wall of the housing 110 may form a corner or a curved surface. The boundary between the bottom wall and the side wall in the housing 110 may form a corner or a curved surface.

  In the above-described embodiment, three beams are provided between the bottom wall and the battery assembly. However, depending on the number of battery assemblies, two or four or more beams may be provided.

  In the above-described embodiment, the end of each beam supporting the battery assembly on the side wall 116 side may be set at the same position as the end of the battery assembly 120.

  In the above-described embodiment, each beam supporting the battery assembly may be integrally formed by fixing a member different from the bottom wall to the bottom wall or the side wall. Moreover, you may make it form each beam by forming the convex part which protrudes a bottom wall in a housing | casing.

  In the above-described embodiment, the fluid is circulated through the circulation passage 130 using a plurality of blowers. However, the fluid may be circulated through the circulation passage 130 using one blower.

  In addition to a sirocco fan, an axial flow fan, a turbo fan, or the like can be used as the fan of the blower included in the battery pack.

  In the above-described embodiment, the PTC heater 2 may be provided not only inside the fan casing 143 but also outside the fan casing 143 inside the housing 110.

  The inner fin and the outer fin in the above-described embodiment may be those in which fins that are separate parts are fixed to the wall of the housing 110, or a part of the wall of the housing 110 is formed in a fin shape. It may be a fin.

110 ... Case, 120 ... Battery assembly, 121 ... Single battery (battery)
130 ... circulation passage, 140 ... internal blower (internal fluid drive device)
170, 270, 370 ... external duct (external fluid passage)
170a, 270a, 370a ... 1st duct part (1st external passage)
170b, 270b, 370b ... second duct part (second external passage)
170a1, 270a1, 370a1 ... first upstream passage 170a2, 270a2, 370a2 ... first downstream passage 170b1, 270b1, 370b1 ... second upstream passage 170b2, 270b2, 370b2 ... second downstream passage

Claims (7)

A battery assembly (120) configured with a plurality of batteries (121);
An internal fluid driving device (140) for driving an internal fluid for cooling the battery assembly;
A housing (110) for accommodating at least the battery assembly;
A circulation path of an internal fluid formed inside the housing, wherein the internal fluid flowing out from the internal fluid drive device exchanges heat with the battery and then flows into the internal fluid drive device A circulation passage (130) forming a route;
A first external passage (170a; 270a; 370a) arranged in a direction intersecting the flow direction of the external fluid, the external fluid passage being provided outside the housing so that the external fluid flows along the housing. ) And a second external passage (170b; 270b; 370b); and an external fluid passage (170; 270; 370);
An external fluid drive device (172) for circulating the external fluid through the first external passage and the second external passage;
With
The first external passage is located downstream of the first upstream passage (170a1; 270a1; 370a1) located upstream of the external fluid and the first upstream passage, and the external fluid and the housing A first downstream passage (170a2; 270a2; 370a2) configured such that a heat exchange amount with the first upstream passage is smaller than a heat exchange amount in the first upstream passage,
The second external passage is located downstream of the second upstream passage (170b1; 270b1; 370b1) located upstream of the external fluid and the second upstream passage, and the external fluid and the housing A second downstream passage (170b2; 270b2; 370b2) configured such that the heat exchange amount with the second upstream passage is larger than the heat exchange amount in the second upstream passage. An external fin (160) provided so as to be capable of heat transfer with the housing;
2. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the external fin is provided so as to be exposed in each of the first upstream side passage (170 a 1; 270 a 1) and the second downstream side passage (170 b 2; 270 b 2).   The external fin exposed in the first upstream passage (270a1) and the external fin exposed in the second downstream passage (270b1) are provided so as to at least partially overlap in the flow direction of the external fluid. Item 3. The battery pack according to Item 2.   4. The battery pack according to claim 3, wherein the external fin exposed in the first upstream passage and the external fin exposed in the second downstream passage are provided so as to entirely overlap in a flow direction of the external fluid. The first upstream passage (370a1) is a passage provided inside the duct portion that contacts the housing, and the first downstream passage (370a2) is formed inside the duct portion that does not contact the housing. A passage to be established,
The second downstream passage (370b2) is a passage provided inside the duct portion that contacts the housing, and the second upstream passage (370b1) is formed inside the duct portion that does not contact the housing. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the battery pack is a passage provided.   6. The wind direction device (171) for diverting the external fluid that has flowed into the external fluid passage into the first external passage and the second external passage, according to claim 1. Battery pack.   The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the external fluid that flows through the external fluid passage and the internal fluid that flows inside the casing along which the external fluid passes are in a counterflow.

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