JP6441564B2 - Solar cell module and roof - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a solar cell module installed on a roof of a building and the like and a roof on which the solar cell module is installed.

  It is known to install a solar cell module on the roof of a building to supplement the power used in the building or sell the generated power to an electric power company or the like.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a roof in which a plurality of solar cell modules are installed on an inclined surface of a gable roof. Further, in Patent Document 1, as a solar cell element that can be used for a solar cell module, a silicon crystal system (single crystal silicon, polycrystalline silicon), an amorphous system (amorphous silicon), a compound system (CIS, CdTe, GaAs, etc.), The organic system is listed.

  When the solar cell module is installed on an inclined roof as disclosed in Patent Document 1, rainwater that falls on the surface is quickly drained along the inclined surface. On the other hand, in the case of a flat roof or a sloping roof with a gentle slope, water tends to accumulate around the edge and corners on the underwater side.

  Therefore, as disclosed in Patent Documents 2-4, by providing a notch in the underwater frame, water pools on the surface of the solar cell module can be prevented, and generation of dirt during drying can be suppressed. It becomes like this. Patent Document 5 discloses a configuration in which drain holes are provided as drain means.

  On the other hand, Patent Document 6 discloses a solar power generation system using an amorphous solar cell element. In this solar power generation system, multiple solar cells are connected in parallel, so even if the surface of the solar cell module becomes dirty or shaded, power is generated in other parts. It can be performed.

JP 2011-220018 A Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 6-17257 JP 2011-114257 A International Publication No. 2006/098473 JP 2001-291889 A JP 2004-47585 A

  However, if drainage is performed only by the notch as in Patent Document 2-4, the frame defect range becomes large and the strength of the frame decreases. Moreover, the same problem arises when a drainage hole is provided as disclosed in Patent Document 5.

  Therefore, the present invention provides a solar cell module in which a frame has sufficient strength, and a large water pool is unlikely to be generated even when the gradient is gentle or horizontal, and a roof on which the solar cell module is installed. It is an object.

  In order to achieve the above object, a solar cell module according to the present invention is a solar cell module in which a frame is attached to a peripheral portion of a solar cell panel, and a low surface tension is applied to at least a lower edge frame of the frame. A feature is provided.

  Here, the low surface tension portion may be a curved surface formed at a corner portion between an upper surface and a side surface of the lower edge frame. Further, it is preferable that the curved surface serving as the low surface tension portion is formed by curved surface machining with an arc larger than a radius of 1 mm. Furthermore, a reinforcement part can also be provided in the inner peripheral side of the curved surface of the said low surface tension part.

  The roof of the present invention is characterized in that any one of the above solar cell modules is installed at an inclination angle of 10 ° or less.

  In the solar cell module of the present invention configured as described above, the low surface tension portion is provided on the lower edge frame attached to the water side of the solar cell panel. For this reason, even if water gathers around the lower edge frame, the generation of surface tension is suppressed by the low surface tension part. Can be.

  And since the solar cell module as described above does not easily generate a large water pool even if it is installed at an inclination angle of 10 ° or less, it can be installed on a roof that is restricted by the north side oblique line when the inclination angle is increased. it can.

  Further, the low surface tension portion can be easily provided by forming the corner portion between the upper surface and the side surface of the lower edge frame into a curved surface. Furthermore, even if the inclination is gentle or close to the horizontal, the water layer does not become thicker due to surface tension around the curved surface, so that the occurrence of water pools can be suppressed. In particular, the formation of a large water pool can be suppressed by forming the curved surface with a large curvature that is difficult to pool due to surface tension.

  Further, if the reinforcing portion is provided on the inner peripheral surface side of the curved surface, the strength of the frame does not decrease even if the curved surface is formed at the corner portion. Such a reinforcing part can be easily formed simply by adding the thickness of the surface side that is scraped when forming a curved surface to the inner peripheral side as a thickened part.

It is explanatory drawing which showed the structure of the lower edge frame periphery of the solar cell module of embodiment of this invention. It is the top view which showed the structure of the solar cell module. It is explanatory drawing explaining the structure of the lower edge frame periphery of a solar cell module, (a) is a top view, (b) is a front view. It is explanatory drawing which showed the structure of the lower edge frame periphery of the solar cell module of a comparative example. It is the disassembled perspective view which showed schematic structure of the roof panel to which a solar cell module is attached. It is a perspective view explaining the structure of the roof panel to which the solar cell module was attached. It is the perspective view which showed the schematic structure of the whole unit building in which installation of the roof panel was completed. FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a configuration around a lower edge frame of the solar cell module of Example 1. 4 is an exploded perspective view showing a configuration of a solar cell module of Example 2. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing the configuration of a solar cell module of Example 2. FIG.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an enlarged sectional view showing the periphery of the lower edge frame 13 of the solar cell module 1 of the present embodiment. FIG. 2 is a plan view of the solar cell module 1, and FIG. 3 is a plan view and a front view of the periphery of the lower edge frame 13.

  The solar cell module 1 is a device that generates electricity by directly converting sunlight as solar energy into electric power by the solar cell panel 12. As shown in FIG. 2, the solar cell module 1 is mainly configured by a plate-like solar cell panel 12 having a rectangular shape in plan view, and a frame attached to a peripheral portion thereof.

  The solar cell panel 12 is composed of any solar cell element such as a silicon crystal system (single crystal silicon, polycrystalline silicon), an amorphous system (amorphous silicon), a compound system (CIS, CdTe, GaAs, etc.) or an organic system. May be.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 10, a plurality of CIS thin film cells 121 mainly composed of copper, indium, and selenium are arranged in parallel and connected in parallel by connection lines 122 and 123. A solar cell panel 12 can be used.

  Since the solar cell module 1 is installed with a slight gradient as will be described later, the peripheral edge portion can be distinguished from the water-side and water-side. Hereinafter, the frame disposed on the water side is referred to as the upper edge frame 15, the frame disposed on the water side is referred to as the lower edge frame 13, and the frames disposed on both sides are referred to as the side frames 14 and 14.

  That is, the frame at the peripheral edge of the solar cell panel 12 is formed by joining the upper edge frame 15, the lower edge frame 13, and the side frames 14, 14 into a rectangular frame shape in plan view.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the lower edge frame 13 has a belt-like side surface portion 132, an upper surface portion 131 projecting from the upper end of the side surface portion 132 toward the solar cell panel 12, and substantially parallel to the upper surface portion 131. It is mainly comprised by the shelf board part 135 and the lower surface part 137 which protrude from the side part 132 so that it may become.

  The surface of the upper surface portion 131 on the solar cell panel 12 side is formed into an inclined surface. In addition, the corner portion 133 between the upper surface portion 131 and the side surface portion 132 is formed into a curved surface. The curved surface of the corner portion 133 becomes a low surface tension portion. The curved surface is formed by 1R (R) processing (curved surface processing with an arc having a radius of 1 mm) or curved surface processing with an arc larger than a radius of 1 mm. For example, it is preferable to form the curved surface by 2R processing (2 are processing).

  Here, if only the surface side of the corner portion 133 is curved, the thickness of the corner portion 133 may be thinner than other portions, and the cross-sectional strength may be reduced. Therefore, a thickened portion 134 as a reinforcing portion is provided on the inner peripheral side of the corner portion 133.

  The thickened portion 134 is formed to a thickness that at least compensates for the thickness removed for the R processing. In addition, when a large force acts on the corner portion 133, the thickness of the thickened portion 134 can be further increased.

  The shelf board portion 135 is projected from the middle of the side surface portion 132 below the upper surface portion 131 with substantially the same length as the upper surface portion 131. The interval between the upper surface portion 131 and the shelf plate portion 135 is made slightly wider than the thickness of the solar cell panel 12. That is, the water-side edge of the solar cell panel 12 is sandwiched between the upper surface portion 131 and the shelf plate portion 135 via the sealing material 136.

  The lower surface portion 137 extends longer than the upper surface portion 131 from the lower end of the side surface portion 132 toward the solar cell panel 12 side. By making the lower surface portion 137 wide, the solar cell module 1 can be stably installed.

  Thus, by making the corner part 133 of the lower edge frame 13 into a curved surface, as shown in FIG. 1, it is possible to suppress the rise of water W due to surface tension at the corner part 133.

  Here, FIG. 4 shows a conventional lower edge frame a as a comparative example. The lower edge frame a has substantially the same configuration as the lower edge frame 13 of the present embodiment in the configuration of the upper surface portion a1, the side surface portion a2, the shelf plate portion a5, the sealing material a6, and the lower surface portion a7.

  However, the corner portion a3 between the upper surface portion a1 and the side surface portion a2 of the lower edge frame a is substantially perpendicular. Thus, when the corner | angular part a3 is shape | molded at right angle, the water W will swell by surface tension and a big puddle will generate | occur | produce.

  On the other hand, in the case of the lower edge frame 13 of the present embodiment, since the surface tension cannot be maintained, the occurrence of a large water pool can be suppressed. The corner 133 formed in such a curved surface is necessary for at least the lower edge frame 13, but can also be provided on the upper edge frame 15 and the side frames 14, 14.

  The solar cell module 1 configured as described above is attached to the roof panel 10 or the like. FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view for explaining a schematic configuration of the roof panel 10. Furthermore, FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a unit building H as a building having a roof on which the roof panel 10 is installed.

  This unit building H is a building such as a house constructed by adjoining a plurality of building units H1,... As shown in FIG. The building unit H1 is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape by four steel columns arranged at the corners and steel beam members connecting the upper ends and the lower ends of the columns. Moreover, this building unit H1 is a steel frame ramen structure in which all of the column material and the beam material are rigidly joined by welding.

  Further, in this unit building H, as shown in FIG. 7, a balcony unit H4 is installed at the corner of the second floor. The balcony unit H4 forms a terrace balcony that can enter and exit from the adjacent building unit H1 on the second floor.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 5, the roof panel 10 includes a pair of roof frames 2 and 2 that are arranged substantially in parallel to form a side edge, and a roof that is arranged so as to block between the roof frames 2 and 2. It mainly includes a wiping material 4 and a solar cell module 1 fixed to the roof frames 2 and 2 so as to straddle the upper side of the roofing material 4.

  A guide portion 3 is formed on the inner surface side of the pair of roof frames 2 and 2. The guide portion 3 includes support members 31 and 31 fixed to the pair of roof frames 2 and 2, respectively, and a base plate 32 as a base plate that supports both side edges of the support members 31 and 31. Yes.

  The roof frame 2 is formed in a substantially C-shaped or U-shaped cross-sectional view by a lower flange, an upper flange, and a web connecting the side edges of the upper and lower flanges arranged in parallel.

  Then, a wooden cross or the like is attached as a support member 31 along the inner surface of the web of the roof frame 2. The support material 31 is attached in accordance with a (drainage) gradient formed on the upper surface of the roofing material 4.

  As shown in FIG. 5, both side edges of the field board 32 are placed on the support members 31, 31 attached to the inner side surfaces of the roof frames 2, 2, respectively. Since the base plate 32 is formed to have a constant thickness, an upper surface having the same gradient as that of the support members 31 and 31 is formed.

  The upper surface of the base plate 32 is covered with a waterproof sheet such as polyethylene roofing. The waterproof sheet is laid to a position on the inner side surface of the roof frame 2, and the entire surface of the field board 32 is covered with the waterproof sheet.

  And the roofing material 4 is installed from the top of this waterproof sheet. The roofing material 4 is formed of, for example, a hot-dip aluminized steel sheet having excellent waterproof performance and corrosion resistance.

  The roofing material 4 includes a rectangular flat plate portion 40 that is stacked on the base plate 32, standing wall portions 41 and 41 that rise substantially vertically from both side edges of the flat plate portion 40, and upper ends of the standing wall portions 41 and 41. Are formed by bending a single plate material.

  Further, the water-side edge of the flat plate portion 40 of the roofing material 4 is formed at a draining edge 43 that projects obliquely. Further, the roofing material 4 is formed with a gradient in the longitudinal direction of the roof frame 2 on the flat plate portion 40 which is the upper surface.

  That is, the height of the upright wall portion 41 having a substantially trapezoidal shape in side view varies depending on the position in the longitudinal direction of the roof frame 2, and a gradient is formed in the flat plate portion 40 connected thereto. The gradient formed in the flat plate portion 40 of the roofing material 4 matches the mounting gradient of the support material 31. The upper surface of the flat plate portion 40 of the roofing material 4 is a main flow lower surface such as rainwater. And this flat plate part 40 uses the base plate 32 as a support body.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the roofing material 4 is joined by placing the upper edge portion 42 on the upper flange of the roof frame 2 and screwing a drill screw to penetrate the upper edge portion 42 and the upper flange.

  The solar cell module 1 is arranged between the roof frames 2 and 2 thus closed by the roofing material 4 having a high waterproof performance. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, receiving metal fittings 11 </ b> A and 11 </ b> B for fixing to the roof frames 2 and 2 are attached to both side edges of the solar cell module 1.

  The brackets 11 </ b> A and 11 </ b> B have different lengths (heights) when the solar cell module 1 is tilted and attached to the roof frame 2. Here, the bracket 11A is shortened and the bracket 11B is lengthened.

  For example, the inclination angle of the solar cell module 1 is set to 10 ° or less. Preferably, the inclination angle is 4 ° or less. Here, the inclination angle was about 1 °. In addition, when attaching the solar cell module 1 in parallel with respect to the upper surface of the roof frame 2, the length (height) of the receiving metal fittings 11A and 11B is made the same.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the solar cell module 1 is fixed by screwing a drill screw passed through the receiving brackets 11 </ b> A and 11 </ b> B into the upper flange of the roof frame 2.

  The lower surface of the solar cell module 1 attached in this way is separated from the upper surface of the roofing material 4. That is, there is a gap between the upper surface of the roofing material 4 and the lower surface of the solar cell module 1 that allows rainwater or the like to flow down.

  The roof panel 10 manufactured in a factory or the like as described above is transported to the construction site, lifted by a crane, and placed side by side on the building units H1,.

  In this way, by installing the plurality of roof panels 10,..., The perspective view of FIG. 7 shows the appearance of the unit building H provided with a roof whose entire surface is covered with the roof panels 10,. It was shown to.

  Next, the effect | action of the solar cell module 1 of this Embodiment and the roof in which it was installed is demonstrated.

  In the solar cell module 1 of the present embodiment configured as described above, the corner portion 133 between the upper surface portion 131 and the side surface portion 132 of the lower edge frame 13 attached to the lower side of the solar cell panel 12 has a low surface tension. It is molded into a curved surface as a part. Further, a thickened portion 134 is provided on the inner peripheral surface side of the curved surface.

  For this reason, even if the corner portion 133 is formed into a curved surface having a large curvature that is difficult to maintain surface tension, the strength of the lower edge frame 13 and the entire frame to which the lower edge frame 13 is connected does not decrease. Further, such a thickened portion 134 can be easily formed by simply adding the thickness of the surface side to be cut when the curved surface is formed as the thickness on the inner peripheral side.

  Further, even when the solar cell module 1 has a gentle or nearly horizontal installation angle (tilt angle of 10 ° or less), the water W layer becomes thicker due to the surface tension around the curved surface that becomes the low surface tension portion. Since there is no, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of a large pool of water.

  And even if the solar cell module 1 is installed at an inclination angle of 10 ° or less, a large water pool is unlikely to be generated. Therefore, if the inclination angle is increased, the solar cell module 1 should also be installed on a roof that is restricted by the oblique line on the north side. Will be able to.

  That is, in the roof of a building that is built avoiding the north side oblique line restriction, there is almost no room between the north side oblique line restriction and the roof top surface, and thus the solar cell module 1 cannot be installed with a large inclination.

  On the other hand, the solar cell module 1 can be installed on the roof subjected to the oblique slanting restriction on the north side as long as the puddle can be made small even at an installation angle close to horizontal as in the solar cell module 1 of the present embodiment. It becomes like this.

  Hereinafter, Example 1 of a form different from the above-described embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The description of the same or equivalent parts as the contents described in the above embodiment will be described with the same terms or the same reference numerals.

  In the solar cell module 1 </ b> A described in the first embodiment, a groove 16 is provided at a corner between the lower edge frame 13 </ b> A and the side frame 14. Specifically, the groove 16 is provided at both ends of the lower edge frame 13A.

  This groove part 16 is a notch which makes the solar cell panel 12 side and the exterior communicate. Although the groove portion 16 having a substantially V-shaped cross section is illustrated in the first embodiment, the groove portion 16 is not limited thereto, and may have a substantially U-shaped cross section or a concave shape.

  Thus, by providing the lower edge frame 13 </ b> A with the groove 16 that allows the solar cell panel 12 side to communicate with the outside, drainage of the water that has flowed down on the solar cell panel 12 is promoted, and drainage performance is further improved. be able to. As a result, the puddle around the lower edge frame 13A can be reduced or the puddle can be prevented from being generated.

  Other configurations and functions and effects are substantially the same as those of the above-described embodiment or other examples, and thus description thereof is omitted.

  Hereinafter, Example 2 of a form different from the above-described embodiment and Example 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. In addition, about the description of the part same or equivalent to the content demonstrated in the said embodiment or Example 1, it attaches | subjects and demonstrates the same term or the same code | symbol.

  In the solar cell module 1B described in the second embodiment, a decorative cover 5 is attached as a cover portion that covers the upper side of the solar cell panel 12 in a band shape, adjacent to the lower edge frame 13 on the underwater side of the solar cell panel 12. It is done.

  The decorative cover 5 is a perforated member in which a large number of punch holes 51 are formed. Since sunlight reaches the thin film cell 121A at the location covered with the decorative cover 5 through the punch holes 51,..., Power generation can be performed.

  In addition, even if the thin film cell 121A cannot generate power due to dirt caused by a water pool or the like, if the solar cell panel 12 has a plurality of thin film cells 121A, 121, 121,. The electric power generated by the cells 121, 121, ... can be supplied.

  Then, by providing a perforated decorative cover 5 adjacent to the lower edge frame 13 so as to cover the upper part of the solar cell panel 12 in a band shape, the remaining rain water W on the surface of the solar cell panel 12 as shown in FIG. Even if dirt adheres, it can be covered. For this reason, aesthetics are not spoiled.

  Other configurations and functions and effects are substantially the same as those of the above-described embodiment or other examples, and thus description thereof is omitted.

  The embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above with reference to the drawings. However, the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment or example, and the design changes are within the scope of the present invention. Are included in the present invention.

  For example, in the above-described embodiment, the unit building H is described as an example of the building. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the solar cell module 1 and the roof panel 10 are also installed in a building constructed by a conventional construction method or the like. And you can build a roof. That is, the solar cell module 1 can be directly attached to the roof without using the roof panel 10.

  Moreover, although the said embodiment demonstrated the case where a flat flat roof was constructed | assembled by arranging the several roof panel 10, ..., it is not limited to this, This embodiment is applied also to an inclined roof. The solar cell module 1 of the form can be installed.

1, 1A, 1B Solar cell module 12 Solar cell panel 13 Lower edge frame 131 Upper surface part (upper surface)
132 Side (side)
133 Corner (low surface tension)
134 Thickening part (reinforcement part)

Claims (3)

A solar cell module in which a frame is attached to the periphery of the solar cell panel,
At least the lower edge frame of the frame has a curved surface formed by an arc larger than a radius of 1 mm on the surface side of the corner between the upper surface and the side surface formed with an inclined surface on the solar cell panel side . A solar cell module, wherein a thickened portion having a curved surface is provided only on the inner peripheral side of the corner portion .   The solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein the curved surface on the surface side is formed by an arc larger than a radius of 2 mm. A roof, wherein the solar cell module according to claim 1 or 2 is installed at an inclination angle of 10 ° or less.