JP6433631B2 - Power converter - Google Patents

Power converter Download PDF

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JP6433631B2
JP6433631B2 JP2018530263A JP2018530263A JP6433631B2 JP 6433631 B2 JP6433631 B2 JP 6433631B2 JP 2018530263 A JP2018530263 A JP 2018530263A JP 2018530263 A JP2018530263 A JP 2018530263A JP 6433631 B2 JP6433631 B2 JP 6433631B2
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unit
power conversion
space
housing
conversion device
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JPWO2018020615A1 (en
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英俊 北中
英俊 北中
角田　英俊
英俊 角田
祐 平山
祐 平山
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
    • H05K7/2089—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating for power electronics, e.g. for inverters for controlling motor
    • H05K7/20909—Forced ventilation, e.g. on heat dissipaters coupled to components
    • H05K7/20918—Forced ventilation, e.g. on heat dissipaters coupled to components the components being isolated from air flow, e.g. hollow heat sinks, wind tunnels or funnels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/003—Constructional details, e.g. physical layout, assembly, wiring or busbar connections
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
    • H05K7/2039—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating characterised by the heat transfer by conduction from the heat generating element to a dissipating body
    • H05K7/20409—Outer radiating structures on heat dissipating housings, e.g. fins integrated with the housing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
    • H05K7/2089—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating for power electronics, e.g. for inverters for controlling motor
    • H05K7/20909—Forced ventilation, e.g. on heat dissipaters coupled to components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
    • B60L2200/26—Rail vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/40—DC to AC converters
    • B60L2210/42—Voltage source inverters

Description

この発明は、電力変換装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a power conversion device.

電気鉄道車両の屋根上または床下には、架線から取得した電力を変換して電動機または車載機器に供給する電力変換装置が搭載される。電力変換装置は、半導体素子のスイッチング動作によって入力電力を変換して所望の交流電力を出力する電力変換部を有する。半導体素子はスイッチング動作を行う際に発熱するため、半導体素子から伝達された熱を放熱するフィンまたは剣山状のヒートシンクが形成される。冷却効率を高めるため、ヒートシンクは、外気に触れる位置に設けられる。一方、電力変換部を構成する半導体素子および電力変換部に制御信号を出力する出力制御部を構成する電子部品は、粉塵および水分による故障を防止するため、外気に触れない筐体の内部に設けられる。このように、電力変換装置を構成する各部品の設置場所は、冷却の必要性ならびに防塵および防水の必要性に応じて決定される。   On the roof or under the floor of an electric railway vehicle, a power conversion device that converts electric power acquired from an overhead line and supplies it to an electric motor or on-vehicle equipment is mounted. The power conversion device includes a power conversion unit that converts input power by a switching operation of a semiconductor element and outputs desired AC power. Since the semiconductor element generates heat when performing a switching operation, a fin or a sword-shaped heat sink that dissipates heat transmitted from the semiconductor element is formed. In order to increase the cooling efficiency, the heat sink is provided at a position where it comes into contact with outside air. On the other hand, the semiconductor elements that make up the power conversion unit and the electronic components that make up the output control unit that outputs control signals to the power conversion unit are installed inside a housing that does not come into contact with the outside air in order to prevent failure due to dust and moisture. It is done. Thus, the installation location of each part which comprises a power converter device is determined according to the necessity for cooling, and the necessity for dust prevention and waterproofing.

特許文献１において、従来技術として記載されている強制空冷型車両用機器収納装置の収納箱は、外気が流入しない半導体室、送風機室、および風洞を有する。送風機室の側壁に空気入口が形成され、送風機室に設けられた横流ファンが外気を吸い込み、風洞に向かって空気を排出する。風洞には、半導体素子が装着された冷却フィンが設けられており、横流ファンからの空気で冷却フィンが冷却されることで、半導体素子の温度上昇が抑制される。   In Patent Document 1, a storage box of a forced air-cooled vehicle equipment storage device described as a conventional technique has a semiconductor room, a blower room, and a wind tunnel into which outside air does not flow. An air inlet is formed in the side wall of the blower chamber, and a cross-flow fan provided in the blower chamber sucks outside air and discharges air toward the wind tunnel. A cooling fin on which a semiconductor element is mounted is provided in the wind tunnel, and the cooling fin is cooled by the air from the cross-flow fan, thereby suppressing the temperature rise of the semiconductor element.

特開昭６０−０７６４６１号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 60-076461

上記強制空冷型車両用機器収納装置では、半導体室、送風機室、および風洞がそれぞれ設けられ、またファンはケーシングに収納されているため、装置の大型化、構成部材数の増加、および組み立て作業の複雑化という課題がある。   In the forced air-cooled vehicle equipment storage device, a semiconductor room, a fan room, and a wind tunnel are provided, and the fan is housed in the casing. Therefore, the size of the device is increased, the number of components is increased, and assembly work is performed. There is a problem of complexity.

本発明は上述の事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、冷却性能を維持しながら、電力変換装置の構造を簡易化することが目的である。   This invention is made | formed in view of the above-mentioned situation, and it aims at simplifying the structure of a power converter device, maintaining cooling performance.

上記目的を達成するために、本発明の電力変換装置は、入力電力を変換して出力する電力変換部、電力変換部の入力側に接続されるリアクトル、および電力変換部に含まれる電子部品を制御する制御部を備える電力変換装置であって、第１のユニット、第２のユニット、および第３のユニットを備える。第１のユニットは、筐体の内部が隔壁によって、外気が流入しない密閉部と外気が流入する開放部に分けられる。第１のユニットは、密閉部に電子部品を収容し、電子部品から伝達された熱を放熱する、開放部に露出したヒートシンクを有する。第２のユニットは第１のユニットに隣接し、筐体の内部が開口を有する隔壁によって第１の空間と第２の空間に分けられる。第２のユニットは、第２の空間から第１の空間に向かって送風し、少なくとも一部が開口から第２の空間に露出する羽根車を有する送風機を第１の空間に収容する。第３のユニットは、第２のユニットに隣接し、リアクトルを収容する。開放部を形成する第１のユニットの筐体と、第２の空間を形成する第２のユニットの筐体とが接する部分に第１の通風口が形成される。開放部を形成する第１のユニットの筐体に外気が流入する流入口が形成される。第１の空間を形成する第２のユニットの筐体と第３のユニットの筐体とが接する部分に第２の通風口が形成される。第３のユニットの筐体に第２の通風口から流入した空気を排出する流出口が形成される。   In order to achieve the above object, a power conversion device of the present invention includes a power conversion unit that converts and outputs input power, a reactor connected to the input side of the power conversion unit, and an electronic component included in the power conversion unit. A power conversion device including a control unit to be controlled, including a first unit, a second unit, and a third unit. The first unit is divided into a sealed portion where the outside air does not flow and an open portion where the outside air flows, by the partition wall inside the first unit. The first unit has a heat sink exposed in the open portion that houses the electronic component in the sealed portion and dissipates heat transferred from the electronic component. The second unit is adjacent to the first unit, and the interior of the housing is divided into a first space and a second space by a partition having an opening. The second unit blows air from the second space toward the first space, and houses a blower having an impeller in which at least a part is exposed to the second space from the opening in the first space. The third unit is adjacent to the second unit and houses the reactor. A first ventilation port is formed at a portion where the housing of the first unit that forms the opening and the housing of the second unit that forms the second space are in contact with each other. An inflow port through which outside air flows into the housing of the first unit forming the open portion is formed. A second ventilation port is formed at a portion where the housing of the second unit and the housing of the third unit that form the first space are in contact with each other. An outlet for discharging the air flowing in from the second ventilation port is formed in the housing of the third unit.

本発明によれば、電力変換部に含まれる電子部品が収容される密閉部と開放部とを有する第１のユニット、送風機が収容される第２のユニット、およびリアクトルが収容される第３のユニットを設け、第１のユニットの流入口から、第２のユニットを通って、第３のユニットの流出口に至る空気の流路を設けることで、冷却性能を維持しながら、電力変換装置の構造を簡易化することが可能である。   According to the present invention, the first unit having the sealed portion and the open portion in which the electronic components included in the power conversion unit are accommodated, the second unit in which the blower is accommodated, and the third in which the reactor is accommodated. By providing a unit and providing an air flow path from the inlet of the first unit to the outlet of the third unit through the second unit, while maintaining cooling performance, The structure can be simplified.

本発明の実施の形態に係る電力変換装置の筐体の斜視図The perspective view of the housing | casing of the power converter device which concerns on embodiment of this invention 実施の形態に係る第１のユニットの筐体の斜視図The perspective view of the housing | casing of the 1st unit which concerns on embodiment 実施の形態に係る第１のユニットの筐体の斜視図The perspective view of the housing | casing of the 1st unit which concerns on embodiment 実施の形態に係る第２のユニットの筐体の斜視図The perspective view of the housing | casing of the 2nd unit which concerns on embodiment 実施の形態に係る第３のユニットの筐体の斜視図The perspective view of the housing | casing of the 3rd unit which concerns on embodiment 実施の形態に係る電力変換装置の電気鉄道車両への搭載例を示す図The figure which shows the example of mounting to the electric railway vehicle of the power converter device which concerns on embodiment 実施の形態に係る電力変換部に含まれる電子部品の斜視図The perspective view of the electronic component contained in the power conversion part which concerns on embodiment 実施の形態に係る送風機の斜視図The perspective view of the air blower concerning an embodiment 実施の形態に係る電力変換装置の断面図Sectional drawing of the power converter concerning an embodiment 実施の形態に係る電力変換装置の断面図Sectional drawing of the power converter concerning an embodiment 実施の形態に係る電力変換装置の断面図Sectional drawing of the power converter concerning an embodiment

以下、本発明の実施の形態について図面を参照して詳細に説明する。なお図中、同一または同等の部分には同一の符号を付す。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, the same or equivalent parts are denoted by the same reference numerals.

図１は、本発明の実施の形態に係る電力変換装置の筐体の斜視図である。図１においては、電力変換装置１の上面の記載を省略した。電力変換装置１は、後述する各ユニットを組み合わせて構成される。ユニット間を通る空気の流路を確保することで、電力変換装置１の各部を冷却することが可能である。図１の例では、電力変換装置１は、同じ大きさの、第１のユニット１０、第２のユニット２０、第３のユニット３０および第４のユニット４０で構成され、第１のユニット１０および第４のユニット４０はそれぞれ、第２のユニット２０および第３のユニット３０と隣接する。すなわち、図１の例では、第１のユニット１０および第２のユニット２０の隣接方向と、第２のユニット２０および第３のユニット３０の隣接方向とは直交し、第４のユニット４０は第１のユニット１０および第３のユニット３０に隣接する。図１において図示されていない電力変換装置１の上面には、電力変換装置１を構成する電子部品の取り付けおよび取り外しを可能にする開口部および開口部を塞ぐ蓋が設けられる。   FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the casing of the power conversion device according to the embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, the description of the upper surface of the power conversion device 1 is omitted. The power conversion device 1 is configured by combining units to be described later. By securing a flow path of air passing between the units, each part of the power conversion device 1 can be cooled. In the example of FIG. 1, the power conversion device 1 includes a first unit 10, a second unit 20, a third unit 30, and a fourth unit 40 of the same size. The fourth unit 40 is adjacent to the second unit 20 and the third unit 30, respectively. That is, in the example of FIG. 1, the adjacent direction of the first unit 10 and the second unit 20 is orthogonal to the adjacent direction of the second unit 20 and the third unit 30, and the fourth unit 40 is Adjacent to one unit 10 and third unit 30. On the upper surface of the power conversion device 1 that is not shown in FIG. 1, an opening that enables attachment and removal of electronic components that constitute the power conversion device 1 and a lid that closes the opening are provided.

第１のユニット１０は、筐体の内部が隔壁１１によって、外気が流入しない密閉部１０ａと外気が流入する開放部１０ｂに分けられる。密閉部１０ａには、後述する、電力変換部に含まれる電子部品が収容され、第１のユニット１０は、該電子部品から伝達された熱を放熱する開放部１０ｂに露出したヒートシンクを有する。隔壁１１に形成される開口１２は、後述する、該電子部品が設けられた基板によって塞がれるため、該電子部品が収容される空間である密閉部１０ａには、外気が流入しない。図１の例では、隔壁１１に２つの開口１２が形成されているが、開口１２の数は任意である。開放部１０ｂを形成する第１のユニット１０の筐体と、後述する第２の空間を形成する第２のユニット２０の筐体とが接する部分に第１の通風口１４が形成される。開放部１０ｂを形成する第１のユニット１０の筐体に外気が流入する流入口１３が形成される。   The first unit 10 is divided into a sealed portion 10a where the outside air does not flow and an open portion 10b where the outside air flows, by the partition wall 11 inside the housing. An electronic component included in the power conversion unit, which will be described later, is accommodated in the sealing portion 10a, and the first unit 10 has a heat sink exposed to the open portion 10b that dissipates heat transmitted from the electronic component. Since the opening 12 formed in the partition wall 11 is closed by a substrate provided with the electronic component, which will be described later, outside air does not flow into the sealed portion 10a that is a space in which the electronic component is accommodated. In the example of FIG. 1, two openings 12 are formed in the partition wall 11, but the number of openings 12 is arbitrary. The first ventilation port 14 is formed at a portion where the housing of the first unit 10 that forms the opening 10b and the housing of the second unit 20 that forms the second space described later are in contact. An inflow port 13 through which outside air flows into the housing of the first unit 10 that forms the opening 10b is formed.

第２のユニット２０は、筐体の内部が隔壁２１によって第１の空間２０ａと第２の空間２０ｂに分けられ、隔壁２１には開口２２が形成される。上述のように、開放部１０ｂを形成する第１のユニット１０の筐体と、第２の空間２０ｂを形成する第２のユニット２０の筐体とが接する部分に第１の通風口１４が形成される。第１の空間２０ａを形成する第２のユニット２０の筐体と第３のユニット３０の筐体とが接する部分に第２の通風口２３が形成される。第２のユニット２０には、後述する、第２の空間２０ｂから第１の空間２０ａに向かって送風する送風機が収容される。   In the second unit 20, the inside of the housing is divided into a first space 20 a and a second space 20 b by a partition wall 21, and an opening 22 is formed in the partition wall 21. As described above, the first ventilation port 14 is formed at a portion where the housing of the first unit 10 that forms the open portion 10b and the housing of the second unit 20 that forms the second space 20b are in contact with each other. Is done. A second ventilation port 23 is formed at a portion where the housing of the second unit 20 and the housing of the third unit 30 that form the first space 20a are in contact with each other. The second unit 20 accommodates a blower that blows air from the second space 20b to the first space 20a, which will be described later.

第３のユニット３０の筐体に第２の通風口２３と第２の通風口２３から流入した空気を排出する流出口３１が形成される。第３のユニット３０には、後述するリアクトルが、収容される。第２のユニット２０に収容される送風機の動作によって、流入口１３から開放部１０ｂに流入した外気は、第１の通風口１４を通って第２の空間２０ｂに流入する。第２の空間２０ｂに流入した空気は開口２２を通って第１の空間２０ａに流入し、第２の通風口２３を通って第３のユニット３０に流入し、流出口３１から電力変換装置１の外部に排出される。   A second vent 23 and an outlet 31 for discharging the air flowing in from the second vent 23 are formed in the housing of the third unit 30. The third unit 30 accommodates a reactor described later. Due to the operation of the blower housed in the second unit 20, the outside air that has flowed into the opening 10 b from the inlet 13 flows into the second space 20 b through the first ventilation port 14. The air that has flowed into the second space 20 b flows into the first space 20 a through the opening 22, flows into the third unit 30 through the second ventilation port 23, and the power conversion device 1 from the outlet 31. Is discharged outside.

第４のユニット４０の内部には、外気が流入しない。第４のユニット４０には、防水性および防塵性が求められる電子部品が収容される。   Outside air does not flow into the fourth unit 40. The fourth unit 40 accommodates electronic components that are required to be waterproof and dustproof.

図２および図３は、実施の形態に係る第１のユニットの筐体の斜視図である。図４は、実施の形態に係る第２のユニットの筐体の斜視図である。図５は、実施の形態に係る第３のユニットの筐体の斜視図である。図２から図５の例では、開放部１０ｂを形成し、第２のユニット２０に接する第１のユニット１０の筐体の一部に流出口１４ａが形成される。第１のユニット１０の筐体に流出口１４ａと対向する流入口１３が形成される。第２の空間２０ｂを形成し、第１のユニット１０に接する第２のユニット２０の筐体の一部に流出口１４ａと対向する流入口１４ｂが形成される。第１のユニット１０の流出口１４ａおよび第２のユニット２０の流入口１４ｂとで、第１の通風口１４が構成される。第１の空間２０ａを形成し、第３のユニット３０に接する第２のユニット２０の筐体の一部に流出口２３ａが形成される。第２のユニット２０に接する第３のユニット３０の筐体の一部に流出口２３ａと対向する流入口２３ｂが形成される。第２のユニット２０の流出口２３ａと第３のユニット３０の流入口２３ｂとで、第２の通風口２３が形成される。第３のユニット３０の筐体に流入口２３ｂと対向する流出口３１が形成される。上述の例では、流入口１３と第１の通風口１４とが対向し、第２の通風口２３と流出口３１とが対向するが、流入口１３、第１の通風口１４、第２の通風口２３および流出口３１を設ける位置は、上述の例に限られない。外気が第１のユニット１０から流入し、第２のユニット２０を通って、第３のユニット３０から排出されるように、任意の位置に流入口１３、第１の通風口１４、第２の通風口２３および流出口３１を設けることができる。   2 and 3 are perspective views of the housing of the first unit according to the embodiment. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the housing of the second unit according to the embodiment. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the housing of the third unit according to the embodiment. In the example of FIGS. 2 to 5, the opening portion 10 b is formed, and the outflow port 14 a is formed in a part of the casing of the first unit 10 that is in contact with the second unit 20. An inlet 13 facing the outlet 14 a is formed in the housing of the first unit 10. An inflow port 14 b that forms the second space 20 b and faces the outflow port 14 a is formed in a part of the housing of the second unit 20 that is in contact with the first unit 10. The outflow port 14 a of the first unit 10 and the inflow port 14 b of the second unit 20 constitute a first ventilation port 14. An outlet 23 a is formed in a part of the housing of the second unit 20 that forms the first space 20 a and is in contact with the third unit 30. An inflow port 23 b that faces the outflow port 23 a is formed in a part of the housing of the third unit 30 that is in contact with the second unit 20. A second ventilation port 23 is formed by the outlet 23 a of the second unit 20 and the inlet 23 b of the third unit 30. An outlet 31 that faces the inlet 23 b is formed in the housing of the third unit 30. In the above example, the inlet 13 and the first vent 14 are opposed to each other, and the second vent 23 and the outlet 31 are opposed to each other. However, the inlet 13, the first vent 14, and the second vent are opposed to each other. The position where the ventilation port 23 and the outflow port 31 are provided is not limited to the above example. The inlet 13, the first vent 14, and the second air can be placed at arbitrary positions so that outside air flows in from the first unit 10, passes through the second unit 20, and is discharged from the third unit 30. Ventilation port 23 and outflow port 31 can be provided.

図６は、実施の形態に係る電力変換装置の電気鉄道車両への搭載例を示す図である。電力変換装置１は、集電装置１０２を介して架線１０１から取得した電力を変換して、出力側に接続される、電気鉄道車両を駆動する電動機１０３および、空調装置または照明装置である負荷装置１０４に電力を供給する。架線１０１から取得された電力は、スイッチ２および入力リアクトル３を介して電力変換部７０，８０に入力される。電力変換部７０は、コンデンサ７１およびスイッチング素子７２，７３，７４，７５，７６，７７を有するインバータ回路である。電力変換部８０は、コンデンサ８１およびスイッチング素子８２，８３，８４，８５，８６，８７を有するインバータ回路である。図６の各スイッチング素子は、ＩＧＢＴ（Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor：絶縁ゲートバイポーラトランジスタ）であるが、任意の半導体素子を用いることができる。電力変換部７０および電力変換部８０の構成は、図６の例に限られない。負荷装置１０４に直流電力を供給する場合には、電力変換部８０はＤＣ−ＤＣ変換器（Direct-Current-to-Direct-Current Converter）であってもよい。   FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of mounting the power conversion device according to the embodiment on an electric railway vehicle. The power conversion device 1 converts the power acquired from the overhead line 101 via the current collector 102 and is connected to the output side. The electric motor 103 that drives the electric railway vehicle and the load device that is an air conditioner or a lighting device Power is supplied to 104. The power acquired from the overhead line 101 is input to the power conversion units 70 and 80 via the switch 2 and the input reactor 3. The power conversion unit 70 is an inverter circuit having a capacitor 71 and switching elements 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77. The power conversion unit 80 is an inverter circuit having a capacitor 81 and switching elements 82, 83, 84, 85, 86 and 87. Each switching element in FIG. 6 is an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor), but any semiconductor element can be used. The configurations of the power conversion unit 70 and the power conversion unit 80 are not limited to the example of FIG. When supplying DC power to the load device 104, the power converter 80 may be a DC-DC converter (Direct-Current-to-Direct-Current Converter).

リアクトル３は、銅またはアルミの導体をコイル状に巻き回して製造される。リアクトル３の動作中は、導体の抵抗により大きな損失が発生するため、強制的に冷却する必要がある。制御部４は、スイッチ２のオンオフの切り替え、およびスイッチング素子７２，７３，７４，７５，７６，７７，８２，８３，８４，８５，８６，８７の切り替えを制御する。平滑回路５は、電力変換部８０が出力するパルス波形を平滑化する。平滑回路５によって、正弦波交流が得られる。送風機６は、平滑回路５によって平滑化された電力変換部８０の出力によって駆動される。負荷装置１０４には、平滑回路５によって平滑化された電力変換部８０の出力が供給される。スイッチ２、制御部４、および平滑回路５は、リアクトル３および電力変換部７０，８０に含まれる電子部品と比べると、発熱量が小さい。スイッチ２，制御部４、および平滑回路５については、粉塵および水分による故障を防止する必要がある。   The reactor 3 is manufactured by winding a copper or aluminum conductor in a coil shape. During the operation of the reactor 3, a large loss occurs due to the resistance of the conductor, so that it is necessary to forcibly cool it. The control unit 4 controls on / off switching of the switch 2 and switching of the switching elements 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87. The smoothing circuit 5 smoothes the pulse waveform output from the power conversion unit 80. The smoothing circuit 5 provides a sine wave alternating current. The blower 6 is driven by the output of the power converter 80 smoothed by the smoothing circuit 5. The output of the power converter 80 smoothed by the smoothing circuit 5 is supplied to the load device 104. The switch 2, the control unit 4, and the smoothing circuit 5 generate less heat than the electronic components included in the reactor 3 and the power conversion units 70 and 80. About switch 2, control part 4, and smoothing circuit 5, it is necessary to prevent failure by dust and moisture.

電力変換部７０，８０に含まれる電子部品は発熱するため、外気によって強制的に冷却する必要がある。図７は、実施の形態に係る電力変換部に含まれる電子部品の斜視図である。電力変換部７０，８０に含まれる電子部品は基板８８に設けられ、基板８８の面の内、該電子部品が設けられる面と反対側の面にヒートシンクが形成される。図７では、電力変換部８０に含まれるスイッチング素子８２，８３，８４を示した。図７の例では、スイッチング素子８２，８３，８４が基板８８に設けられ、基板８８の面の内、スイッチング素子８２，８３，８４が設けられる面と反対側の面にヒートシンクとして、フィン８９が形成される。   Since the electronic components included in the power conversion units 70 and 80 generate heat, it is necessary to forcibly cool them with outside air. FIG. 7 is a perspective view of an electronic component included in the power conversion unit according to the embodiment. Electronic components included in the power conversion units 70 and 80 are provided on the substrate 88, and a heat sink is formed on the surface of the substrate 88 opposite to the surface on which the electronic components are provided. In FIG. 7, the switching elements 82, 83, and 84 included in the power conversion unit 80 are shown. In the example of FIG. 7, the switching elements 82, 83, and 84 are provided on the substrate 88. Of the surfaces of the substrate 88, fins 89 are provided as heat sinks on the surface opposite to the surface where the switching elements 82, 83, and 84 are provided. It is formed.

図８は、実施の形態に係る送風機の斜視図である。送風機６は、開口が形成されているベース６１、ベース６１に固定された支持部６２、支持部６２によって支持される送風機用電動機６３、および送風機用電動機６３によって回転させられる羽根車６４で構成される。羽根車６４はケーシングに格納されておらず、露出している。図８の例では、送風機６は遠心送風機であるが、任意の送風機を用いることができる。   FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the blower according to the embodiment. The blower 6 includes a base 61 in which an opening is formed, a support portion 62 fixed to the base 61, a blower motor 63 supported by the support portion 62, and an impeller 64 rotated by the blower motor 63. The The impeller 64 is not stored in the casing and is exposed. In the example of FIG. 8, the blower 6 is a centrifugal blower, but any blower can be used.

電力変換装置１の各部の、図１に示す電力変換装置１の筐体内への設置について説明する。強制的に冷却する必要がある電力変換部７０，８０に含まれる電子部品は第１のユニット１０に収容され、送風機６は第２のユニット２０に収容され、強制的に冷却する必要があるリアクトル３は第３のユニット３０に収容され、スイッチ２、制御部４、および平滑回路５は第４のユニット４０に収容される。異なるユニットに収容される電力変換装置１の各部を接続する接続導体はユニットの外部に引き通されてもよいし、ユニット間の隔壁に接続導体を挿通する孔を設けてもよい。   The installation of each part of the power conversion device 1 in the housing of the power conversion device 1 shown in FIG. 1 will be described. The electronic components included in the power conversion units 70 and 80 that need to be forcibly cooled are accommodated in the first unit 10, and the blower 6 is accommodated in the second unit 20, and the reactor that needs to be forcibly cooled. 3 is accommodated in the third unit 30, and the switch 2, the control unit 4, and the smoothing circuit 5 are accommodated in the fourth unit 40. The connection conductor that connects each part of the power conversion device 1 accommodated in a different unit may be led out of the unit, or a hole through which the connection conductor is inserted may be provided in a partition between the units.

図９、図１０、および図１１は、実施の形態に係る電力変換装置の断面図である。図９は、図１におけるＡ−Ａ線での断面図であり、図１０は、図１におけるＢ−Ｂ線での断面図であり、図１１は、図１におけるＣ−Ｃ線での断面図である。図７に示す基板８８は、密閉部１０ａに設けられ、基板８８によって開口１２が塞がれ、フィン８９は開口１２から開放部１０ｂに露出する。開口１２は、基板８８に塞がれているため、密閉部１０ａには外気が流入しない。一方、開放部１０ｂには、流入口１３から外気が流入する。   9, 10, and 11 are cross-sectional views of the power conversion device according to the embodiment. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1, FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 1, and FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along line CC in FIG. FIG. The substrate 88 shown in FIG. 7 is provided in the sealed portion 10a, the opening 12 is closed by the substrate 88, and the fin 89 is exposed from the opening 12 to the open portion 10b. Since the opening 12 is blocked by the substrate 88, the outside air does not flow into the sealed portion 10a. On the other hand, outside air flows into the opening 10b from the inflow port 13.

図８に示す送風機６は、第１の空間２０ａに収容される。送風機６は、第２の空間２０ｂから第１の空間２０ａに向かって送風し、羽根車６４の少なくとも一部は、開口２２から第２の空間２０ｂに露出する。図８に示す遠心送風機の場合は、羽根車６４の回転中心軸は隔壁２１に直交する。リアクトル３を収容する方向は任意であるが、第２の通風口２３と流出口３１とが対向する場合に、リアクトル３の中心軸を第２の通風口２３から流出口３１へ向かう方向に一致させるように、リアクトル３を第３のユニット３０に収容することで、より効率よくリアクトル３を冷却することが可能である。リアクトル３は、図示しないフレームにボルトで取り付けられ、該フレームが第３のユニット３０の筐体の内部に固定される。   The blower 6 shown in FIG. 8 is accommodated in the first space 20a. The blower 6 blows air from the second space 20b toward the first space 20a, and at least a part of the impeller 64 is exposed to the second space 20b from the opening 22. In the case of the centrifugal blower shown in FIG. 8, the rotation center axis of the impeller 64 is orthogonal to the partition wall 21. The direction in which the reactor 3 is accommodated is arbitrary, but when the second ventilation port 23 and the outlet 31 face each other, the central axis of the reactor 3 coincides with the direction from the second ventilation port 23 toward the outlet 31. As described above, it is possible to cool the reactor 3 more efficiently by accommodating the reactor 3 in the third unit 30. The reactor 3 is attached to a frame (not shown) with a bolt, and the frame is fixed inside the housing of the third unit 30.

図９および図１１において、空気の流れを白抜きの矢印で示す。流入口１３から開放部１０ｂに流入した外気はフィン８９の間を通り、第１の通風口１４を通って第２の空間２０ｂに流入する。送風機用電動機６３の動作によって羽根車６４が回転すると、羽根車６４の中心が負圧になるため、第２の空間２０ｂの空気は、開口２２を通って羽根車６４に吸い込まれ、第１の空間２０ａに排出される。第１の空間２０ａに排出された空気は、第２の通風口２３を通って、第３のユニット３０に流入する。第３のユニット３０に流入した空気は、リアクトル３を通って、流出口３１から電力変換装置１の外部に排出される。電力変換装置１は、流入口１３から、第１の通風口１４、開口２２、および第２の通風口２３を通って、流出口３１に至る空気の流路を有するため、電力変換部７０，８０に含まれる電子部品およびリアクトル３を冷却することが可能である。電力変換装置１は、排気用ダクトおよび送風機６のケーシングを有さないため、構造が簡易である。   9 and 11, the air flow is indicated by white arrows. The outside air that has flowed into the open portion 10b from the inflow port 13 passes between the fins 89, and flows into the second space 20b through the first ventilation port 14. When the impeller 64 is rotated by the operation of the blower motor 63, the center of the impeller 64 becomes negative pressure, so the air in the second space 20b is sucked into the impeller 64 through the opening 22, and the first It is discharged into the space 20a. The air discharged into the first space 20 a flows into the third unit 30 through the second ventilation port 23. The air flowing into the third unit 30 passes through the reactor 3 and is discharged from the outlet 31 to the outside of the power conversion device 1. Since the power conversion device 1 has an air flow path from the inflow port 13 to the outflow port 31 through the first ventilation port 14, the opening 22, and the second ventilation port 23, the power conversion unit 70, It is possible to cool the electronic components and the reactor 3 included in 80. Since the power conversion device 1 does not have the exhaust duct and the casing of the blower 6, the structure is simple.

第１のユニット１０、第２のユニット２０、第３のユニット３０、および第４のユニット４０を組み合わせて電力変換装置１を構成することで、電力変換装置１の構造を簡易化することが可能であり、電力変換装置１に含まれる電子部品を、冷却の必要性ならびに防塵および防水の必要性に応じて適切な位置に設けることが可能である。   By configuring the power conversion device 1 by combining the first unit 10, the second unit 20, the third unit 30, and the fourth unit 40, the structure of the power conversion device 1 can be simplified. Thus, the electronic components included in the power conversion device 1 can be provided at appropriate positions according to the necessity for cooling and the necessity for dustproofing and waterproofing.

また図１の例のように、隔壁１１，２１を水平に配置した場合には、電力変換装置１の上面から各ユニットに電子部品を取り付けることができるため、組み立てが容易である。   Moreover, when the partition walls 11 and 21 are arranged horizontally as in the example of FIG. 1, the electronic components can be attached to each unit from the upper surface of the power conversion device 1, so that assembly is easy.

以上説明したとおり、実施の形態に係る電力変換装置１によれば、電子部品が収容される密閉部１０ａと開放部１０ｂを有する第１のユニット１０、送風機６が収容される第２のユニット２０、およびリアクトル３が収容される第３のユニット３０を設け、流入口１３から、第１の通風口１４、開口２２、および第２の通風口２３を通って、流出口３１に至る空気の流路を設けることで、冷却性能を維持しながら、電力変換装置１の構造を簡易化することが可能である。   As described above, according to the power conversion device 1 according to the embodiment, the first unit 10 having the sealed portion 10a and the open portion 10b in which the electronic components are accommodated, and the second unit 20 in which the blower 6 is accommodated. And the third unit 30 in which the reactor 3 is accommodated, and the flow of air from the inlet 13 to the outlet 31 through the first ventilation port 14, the opening 22, and the second ventilation port 23. By providing the path, the structure of the power conversion device 1 can be simplified while maintaining the cooling performance.

本発明は、上述の実施の形態に限られない。図１の例では、電力変換装置１は、各ユニットを１つずつ備えているが、電力変換装置１は少なくとも１つの第１のユニット１０、少なくとも１つの第２のユニット２０、および少なくとも１つの第３のユニット３０を備えていればよく、ユニットの組み合わせ方は任意である。図１の例では各ユニットの大きさは同じであるが、各ユニットの大きさは収容される電子部品に応じて異なる大きさとしてもよい。電力変換部の数が多い場合には、電力変換装置１は、第１のユニット１０を複数備えてもよいし、第１のユニット１０の大きさを他のユニットに比べて大きくしてもよい。図１の例では、電力変換装置１は、電気鉄道車両の屋根上に設置されるが、鉛直方向の向きを逆にして、電気鉄道車両の床下に設置することも可能である。   The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment. In the example of FIG. 1, the power conversion device 1 includes one unit, but the power conversion device 1 includes at least one first unit 10, at least one second unit 20, and at least one unit. What is necessary is just to provide the 3rd unit 30, and how to combine a unit is arbitrary. In the example of FIG. 1, the size of each unit is the same, but the size of each unit may be different depending on the electronic component to be accommodated. When the number of power conversion units is large, the power conversion device 1 may include a plurality of first units 10 or may increase the size of the first unit 10 compared to other units. . In the example of FIG. 1, the power conversion device 1 is installed on the roof of the electric railway vehicle, but can be installed under the floor of the electric railway vehicle with the vertical direction reversed.

本発明は、本発明の広義の精神と範囲を逸脱することなく、様々な実施の形態及び変形が可能とされるものである。また、上述した実施の形態は、この発明を説明するためのものであり、本発明の範囲を限定するものではない。すなわち、本発明の範囲は、実施の形態ではなく、特許請求の範囲によって示される。そして、特許請求の範囲内及びそれと同等の発明の意義の範囲内で施される様々な変形が、この発明の範囲内とみなされる。   Various embodiments and modifications can be made to the present invention without departing from the broad spirit and scope of the present invention. The above-described embodiments are for explaining the present invention and do not limit the scope of the present invention. In other words, the scope of the present invention is shown not by the embodiments but by the claims. Various modifications within the scope of the claims and within the scope of the equivalent invention are considered to be within the scope of the present invention.

１ 電力変換装置、２ スイッチ、３ リアクトル、４ 制御部、５ 平滑回路、６ 送風機、１０ 第１のユニット、１０ａ 密閉部、１０ｂ 開放部、１１，２１ 隔壁、１２，２２ 開口、１３ 流入口、１４ 第１の通風口、１４ａ，２３ａ 流出口、１４ｂ，２３ｂ 流入口、２０ 第２のユニット、２０ａ 第１の空間、２０ｂ 第２の空間、２３ 第２の通風口、３０ 第３のユニット、３１ 流出口、４０ 第４のユニット、６１ ベース、６２ 支持部、６３ 送風機用電動機、６４ 羽根車、７０，８０ 電力変換部、７１，８１ コンデンサ、７２，７３，７４，７５，７６，７７，８２，８３，８４，８５，８６，８７ スイッチング素子、８８ 基板、８９ フィン、１０１ 架線、１０２ 集電装置、１０３ 電動機、１０４ 負荷装置。   DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Power converter device, 2 switch, 3 reactor, 4 control part, 5 smoothing circuit, 6 air blower, 10 1st unit, 10a sealing part, 10b opening part, 11,21 partition, 12,22 opening, 13 inflow port, 14 1st vent, 14a, 23a Outlet, 14b, 23b Inlet, 20 2nd unit, 20a 1st space, 20b 2nd space, 23 2nd vent, 30 3rd unit, 31 outlet, 40 fourth unit, 61 base, 62 support part, 63 motor for blower, 64 impeller, 70, 80 power conversion part, 71, 81 condenser, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87 Switching element, 88 Substrate, 89 Fin, 101 Overhead wire, 102 Current collector, 103 Electric motor, 104 Load device .

Claims (8)

入力電力を変換して出力する電力変換部、前記電力変換部の入力側に接続されるリアクトル、および前記電力変換部に含まれる電子部品を制御する制御部を備える電力変換装置であって、
筐体の内部が隔壁によって、外気が流入しない密閉部と外気が流入する開放部に分けられ、前記密閉部に前記電子部品を収容し、前記電子部品から伝達された熱を放熱する前記開放部に露出したヒートシンクを有する第１のユニットと、
前記第１のユニットに隣接し、筐体の内部が開口を有する隔壁によって第１の空間と第２の空間に分けられ、前記第２の空間から前記第１の空間に向かって送風し、少なくとも一部が前記開口から前記第２の空間に露出する羽根車を有する送風機を前記第１の空間に収容する第２のユニットと、
前記第２のユニットに隣接し、前記リアクトルを収容する第３のユニットと、
を備え、
前記開放部を形成する前記第１のユニットの筐体と、前記第２の空間を形成する前記第２のユニットの筐体とが接する部分に第１の通風口が形成され、前記開放部を形成する前記第１のユニットの筐体に外気が流入する流入口が形成され、前記第１の空間を形成する前記第２のユニットの筐体と前記第３のユニットの筐体とが接する部分に第２の通風口が形成され、前記第３のユニットの筐体に前記第２の通風口から流入した空気を排出する流出口が形成される、
電力変換装置。 A power conversion device including a power conversion unit that converts and outputs input power, a reactor connected to an input side of the power conversion unit, and a control unit that controls electronic components included in the power conversion unit,
The inside of the housing is divided into a sealed portion where the outside air does not flow in by a partition wall and an open portion where the outside air flows in, and the open portion which houses the electronic component in the sealed portion and radiates heat transmitted from the electronic component A first unit having an exposed heat sink;
Adjacent to the first unit, the interior of the housing is divided into a first space and a second space by a partition having an opening, and blows air from the second space toward the first space, at least A second unit that houses in the first space a blower having an impeller partially exposed in the second space from the opening;
A third unit adjacent to the second unit and containing the reactor;
With
A first ventilation port is formed at a portion where the housing of the first unit forming the open portion and the housing of the second unit forming the second space are in contact with each other, and the open portion is A portion where an inflow port through which outside air flows is formed in the housing of the first unit to be formed, and the housing of the second unit and the housing of the third unit forming the first space are in contact with each other A second vent is formed, and an outlet for discharging the air flowing from the second vent is formed in the housing of the third unit.
Power conversion device. 前記送風機は、ケーシングを有していない、  The blower does not have a casing,
請求項１に記載の電力変換装置。  The power conversion device according to claim 1. 前記第２のユニットの前記隔壁は、前記第２のユニットの前記筐体の内面に接している、  The partition of the second unit is in contact with the inner surface of the housing of the second unit;
請求項１または２に記載の電力変換装置。  The power converter according to claim 1 or 2. 前記第２のユニットの前記隔壁は、前記羽根車の回転軸に直交する、  The partition wall of the second unit is orthogonal to the rotation axis of the impeller,
請求項１から３のいずれか１項に記載の電力変換装置。  The power converter of any one of Claim 1 to 3. 前記制御部を収容し、外気が内部に流入しない第４のユニットをさらに備える、
請求項１から４のいずれか１項に記載の電力変換装置。 A fourth unit that houses the control unit and does not allow outside air to flow into the interior ;
The power converter of any one of Claim 1 to 4 . 前記電力変換部の入力側に接続され、前記第４のユニットに収容されるスイッチと、
前記電力変換部の出力側に接続され、前記第４のユニットに収容される平滑回路と、
をさらに備え、
前記送風機は前記平滑回路によって平滑化された前記電力変換部の出力によって駆動される、
請求項５に記載の電力変換装置。 A switch connected to the input side of the power conversion unit and accommodated in the fourth unit;
A smoothing circuit connected to the output side of the power conversion unit and accommodated in the fourth unit;
Further comprising
The blower is driven by the output of the power converter smoothed by the smoothing circuit.
The power conversion device according to claim 5 . 前記第１のユニットの前記隔壁および前記第２のユニットの前記隔壁は水平であり、
前記第１のユニットの鉛直方向の上部が前記密閉部であって、前記第１のユニットの鉛直方向の下部が前記開放部であり、
前記第２のユニットの鉛直方向の上部の空間が前記第１の空間であって、前記第２のユニットの鉛直方向の下部が前記第２の空間であり、
前記電力変換装置は、車両の屋根上に設置される、
請求項１または２に記載の電力変換装置。 The partition of the first unit and the partition of the second unit are horizontal;
The upper part in the vertical direction of the first unit is the sealing part, and the lower part in the vertical direction of the first unit is the opening part,
The upper space in the vertical direction of the second unit is the first space, and the lower space in the vertical direction of the second unit is the second space,
The power conversion device is installed on a vehicle roof,
The power converter according to claim 1 or 2 . 前記制御部を収容し、外気が内部に流入しない第４のユニットをさらに備え、
前記第１のユニットおよび前記第２のユニットの隣接方向と、前記第２のユニットおよび前記第３のユニットの隣接方向とは直交し、
前記第４のユニットは前記第１のユニットおよび前記第３のユニットに隣接する、
請求項７に記載の電力変換装置。 A fourth unit that houses the control unit and does not allow outside air to flow into the interior;
The adjacent direction of the first unit and the second unit is orthogonal to the adjacent direction of the second unit and the third unit;
The fourth unit is adjacent to the first unit and the third unit;
The power conversion device according to claim 7 .
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