JP6423157B2 - Modified grain or modified grain crushed with water repellency and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a modified grain or a modified grain crushed product imparted with water repellency, and a method for producing the same.
Here, “grain” refers to grains (seed) of grains such as rice, wheat, corn, barley, oats, rye, millet, millet, millet, buckwheat, and amaranth. It is a concept that excludes husks (portions called so-called husks such as rice husks), and includes the outer skin (seed coat and pericarp) in addition to the inner endosperm and germ. For example, rice refers to brown rice excluding rice husks, and wheat refers to raw wheat. However, such as six-row barley and two-row barley, potatoes (so-called shell parts) cannot be removed due to adhesion, including husk. .

[Background of the invention]
Kernel is an essential food material for food and feed. The following (1)-(3) are mentioned as main uses of a grain.
(1) Use of food and feed as `` grain meal '' like rice,
(2) Use as a food material after pulverization such as wheat flour ("powder and its processed food"),
(3) Use as a food material or saccharified raw material ("starch raw material") after taking out starch, such as corn starch or rice starch,

Among these uses, in particular, with regard to uses (1) and (2), various efforts have been made to improve the characteristics of the grain itself in order to improve the added value of the grain as a food material. It was.

Regarding the use of “grain diet” in (1) above, for example, for rice, in addition to varieties development based on the improvement of taste, control of nutrient content and resistant starch content, biological treatment of brown rice ( Technology for enhancing the amount of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) by germination) and quality improvement technology such as washing-free rice production have been developed.

Next, with regard to the use of “powder and processed food thereof” in (2) above, wheat varieties have been improved mainly focusing on bread-making ability and noodle-making ability. Has been successfully developed.
In addition, with regard to rice flour, there is also a policy boost related to the expansion of rice consumption in Japan, and technological development for the use of rice flour is rapidly progressing. So far, in addition to developing rice varieties suitable for rice flour production, wet airflow grinding technology (see Non-Patent Document 1) to reduce the amount of damaged starch and improve bread-making suitability, and technology to pre-treat with enzymes such as pectinase (See Non-Patent Document 2) and the like have been developed.
Moreover, about the corn kernel, the technique utilized as corn grits, corn meal, corn flour, etc. by dry milling has been developed. The processed product is used by blending it into cereal raw materials such as corn flakes, beer auxiliary raw materials, raw materials for puffed confectionery such as snacks, and mixed flour (bread products, tempura flour, deep-fried flour, etc.).

In order to increase grain demand, not only efforts to increase consumption, but also diversification of market development is important. For example, in order to increase the demand for rice, not only the promotion of Japanese food, the development and popularization of better-tasting staple rice, but also the expansion of rice flour and the use of feed replaced with flour that forms demand for bread, noodles, etc. Development has been studied, and development of grains having characteristics suitable for these uses is underway (see Non-Patent Document 3).

[Social needs]
In such a background, in order to provide the industry with a means of creating cereal products with various values, further enhancement of the quality modification technology of the grain material is required. In particular, the development of technologies that can be applied across grains is expected. If such a technology is developed, the ripple effect on the industry is expected to be widespread.

As an example of such a technique, the analysis of the material characteristics focusing on the water absorption characteristics so far has been an example of analyzing the moisture distribution change when the rice grains are immersed or when they are raised with spaghetti rice cake by MRI (Non-Patent Documents 4 and 5). And the development of a simple analysis technique for water absorption characteristics (see Non-Patent Document 6) in relation to the breadmaking suitability of rice flour. In addition, in order to reduce the water absorption of rice flour, proposals such as “Fukumori Shitogi method” in which oil and fat are added simultaneously with water at the time of making rice flour bread dough have been made (see Non-patent documents 7 and 8).
However, there has been no research on modification of water absorption characteristics of flour so far.

Kazunori Egawa “Technology Development of Fine Rice Milling for New Use Development”, Technology and Dissemination, 40-43. 2001.12 Koichi Shishido, Kazunori Egawa “Production of rice flour by pectinase treatment and its suitability for breadmaking (Part 1) Study on rice flour meal”, Niigata Food Research Institute, 27, 21-28. 1992 Kiyoyuki Miura “Examples of Rice Variety Development for Rice Flour and Future Developments”, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Research Journal 34 (12), 11-15, 2011 Horigane, AK, Naito, S., Kurimoto, M., Irie, K., Yamada, M., Motoi, H. and Yoshida, M. "Moisture distribution and diffusion in cooked spaghetti studied by NMR imaging and diffusion model" Cereal Chemistry, 83 (3), 236-242. 2006 Horigane, A K., Takahashi, H., Maruyama, S., Ohtsubo, K., Yoshida, M. `` Water penetration into rice grains during soaking observed by gradient echo magnetic resonance imaging '', Journal of Cereal Science 44 (2006) 307-316 Junko Matsuki, “Current Status and Issues of Characteristic Evaluation for Utilizing Rice Flour”, Applied Glycoscience, 2 (1), 7-11. 2012 Koichi Fukumori "Fukumori Shitogipan", Food Processing Directory 4, Processed Product Supplement No. 1, 478 48-478 55, 2004, Agriculture, Mountain and Fishing Village Cultural Association Yoshiaki Hagio “Population of rice flour and rice bread”, Monthly Food Chemical, 38-44, 2007-4

The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, and includes a new technique relating to the modification of water absorption characteristics of flour, in particular, a modified grain or a modified grain crushed product imparted with water repellency, and a method for producing the same. It is intended to provide.
That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a manufacturing technique of a material having improved water absorption characteristics, particularly water repellency, for grains and crushed materials thereof.

In order to solve the above problems, the present inventors have made extensive studies, and as a result, obtained the knowledge that the water absorption characteristics of the grains treated with calcium hydroxide are greatly modified, and the present invention is completed based on this knowledge. It came to.
That is, when the present inventors performed processing on the powder obtained by crushing the grain and the grain using calcium hydroxide, the processed grain and the grain were obtained by crushing after the processing. The inventors have found a new phenomenon that powders obtained by processing powders obtained by crushing exhibit water repellency, and the present invention has been completed based on this finding.

The present invention relates to the following (1) to ( 9 ).
(1) The grain from which at least a part of the hull or germ has been removed, and any one or more of the crushed grains are used as raw materials, and the raw material made of the grains or the crushed grains is calcium hydroxide and water. A step of contact treatment with a solution or suspension (except for those containing clay minerals) ; a step of separating the raw material after the contact treatment from the solution or suspension; A method for producing a modified grain or a modified grain crushed material imparted with water repellency, characterized by comprising:
The “grain” in the “grain” or “grain crushed material” is rice grain, wheat grain, corn grain, barley grain, oat grain, rye grain, millet grain, millet grain, millet grain, buckwheat grain, And at least one kind of amaranth grains,
The “solution or suspension mainly composed of calcium hydroxide and water” has a ratio of calcium hydroxide to water of 1.25% (w / v) or more, and a grain or a crushed grain The abundance ratio of calcium hydroxide to 5% (w / w) or more,
The “contacting process” is performed in a temperature range of 0 to 30 ° C. for 1 minute to 24 hours ,
The method for producing a modified grain or a modified grain crushed product, wherein the “drying process” is to dry the “raw material after separation process” to a moisture content of 15% or less .

(2) The above-mentioned “step of separating from the solution or suspension” includes the grain or the crushed grain after the contacting step; the calcium hydroxide aqueous solution that is the main component of the solution or suspension, undissolved water The method for producing a modified grain or a modified grain crushed product according to (1) above, wherein calcium oxide particles and free components are separated and recovered by the difference in size or specific gravity between the two.

(3) As the “step of separating from the solution or the suspension”, the grain or the crushed grain after the contact treatment; the calcium hydroxide aqueous solution that is the main component of the solution or the suspension, the undissolved water (1) or (2) , wherein the calcium oxide particles and the free component are separated and recovered by the difference in size or specific gravity between the two, and then the obtained grain or crushed grain is washed. The manufacturing method of the modified grain or modified grain crushed material of description.

(4) A modified grain or a modified grain crushed product imparted with water repellency, obtained by the production method according to any one of (1) to (3) .

(5) The modified grain or modified grain imparted with water repellency according to (4) , wherein any one or more of water absorption characteristics or digestion characteristics are modified and the amount of calcium is enhanced. object.

(6) The modified grain or modified grain crushed product imparted with water repellency according to (4) or (5) is treated with an acid, a chelating agent, ethanol or acetone, and at any timing. A method for controlling water repellency of a modified grain or a crushed modified grain, wherein the water repellency is lowered.

(7) Dust using the modified grain crushed material imparted with water repellency according to (4) .

(8) Fried clothing using the modified grain crushed material imparted with water repellency according to (4) .

(9) The grain from which at least a part of the hull or germ has been removed, and any one or more of the crushed grains are used as raw materials, and the raw material consisting of the grains or the crushed grains is made of calcium hydroxide and water. A step of contact-treating a solution or suspension mainly containing the above (excluding those containing clay minerals) ; a step of separating the raw material after the contact treatment from the solution or suspension; A method of imparting water repellency to a grain or a crushed grain, characterized by comprising: a step of drying a subsequent raw material,
The “grain” in the “grain” or “grain crushed material” is rice grain, wheat grain, corn grain, barley grain, oat grain, rye grain, millet grain, millet grain, millet grain, buckwheat grain, And at least one kind of amaranth grains,
The “solution or suspension mainly composed of calcium hydroxide and water” has a ratio of calcium hydroxide to water of 1.25% (w / v) or more, and a grain or a crushed grain The abundance ratio of calcium hydroxide to 5% (w / w) or more,
The “contacting process” is performed in a temperature range of 0 to 30 ° C. for 1 minute to 24 hours ,
The method of imparting water repellency to a grain or a crushed grain, wherein the “drying step” is to dry the “raw material after separation treatment” to a moisture content of 15% or less .

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the new technique which concerns on modification | change of the water absorption characteristic of flour is provided.
That is, according to this invention, the manufacturing technique of the raw material which changed the water absorption characteristic and the water distribution characteristic with respect to a grain and its crushed material is provided.
By controlling the presence / absence of water absorption, the amount of water absorption, and the speed of grains and their crushed materials, not only can the control of the starch gelatinization process be enhanced, but also the interaction with water, fats and oils, etc. can be controlled . Moreover, since the control of water absorption affects the infiltration rate and water exchange rate of the degrading enzyme, the digestibility or biodegradability can be controlled.

It is a graph which shows a time-dependent change of the grain crushed material water absorption about modified rice flour (sample 9-1) and control rice flour (sample 9-2) in Experiment 9. 10 is a graph showing changes in water absorption characteristics over time due to differences in the amount of calcium hydroxide in Test Example 10. 10 is a graph showing changes with time in water absorption characteristics due to differences in calcium hydroxide treatment time in Test Example 11. It is a graph which shows the change of the viscosity characteristic at the time of the heating by the calcium hydroxide process in Test Example 12. It is a graph which shows the digestibility evaluation by the artificial digestive liquid about the modified rice flour (sample 14-1) and the control rice flour (sample 14-2) in the test example 14.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, any one or more of the grain itself from which the grain skin has been removed, the grain from which at least a part of the hull or germ has been removed, and the crushed grain are used as a raw material. , A step of subjecting the raw material comprising the grain or the crushed grain to a solution or suspension mainly composed of calcium hydroxide and water (hereinafter, referred to as “contact treatment step”); A step of separating the raw material after the contact treatment from the solution or suspension (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a “separation treatment step”); a step of drying the raw material after the separation treatment (hereinafter referred to as “drying”). A process step ”); and, if necessary, a step of crushing the modified grain or the modified grain crushed material obtained by the drying step (hereinafter referred to as“ crushing process step ”). ); Preparation of modified grain or modified grain crushed material was endow aqueous is provided.

As described above, “grain” refers to grains (seed) of grains such as rice, wheat, corn, barley, oat, rye, millet, millet, millet, buckwheat, and amaranth. It is a concept that excludes the outer husk (the so-called shell such as rice husk), and includes the outer skin (seed skin and pericarp) in addition to the inner endosperm and germ. For example, rice refers to brown rice excluding rice husks, and wheat refers to raw wheat. However, such as six-row barley and two-row barley, potatoes (so-called shell parts) cannot be removed due to adhesion, including husk. .
In the present invention, as the “grain”, at least one of rice grain, wheat grain, corn grain, barley grain, oat grain, rye grain, millet grain, millet grain, millet grain, buckwheat grain, and amaranth grain is used. It is preferable.

In the present invention, regarding the grain from which the outer skin such as the outer rice husk has been removed, (1) the grain itself in a state where the grain skin is removed, and (2) at least a part of the outer skin or germ is removed. Any one or more of grains and (3) crushed grains are used as raw materials.
The reason for using such a material as a raw material is to make the inside of the grain water-absorbable. Therefore, (1) Since the inside of the grain can absorb water more than the grain itself (for example, brown rice, etc.) in the state where the grain skin has been removed, (2) at least part of the hull or germ has been removed More preferably, it is either a grain or (3) a crushed grain. Thereby, the modification process with calcium hydroxide in the subsequent contact step becomes easier.

Here, “(1) the grain itself from which the husk has been removed”, for example, brown rice, has the husks such as the outer rice husks removed and is in a state of being able to absorb water relatively easily. Therefore, it can be sufficiently modified by the contact treatment described later. However, it may take some time to process.

Next, “(2) the grain from which at least a part of the hull or germ has been removed” may be one obtained by removing all of the hull (seed coat, pericarp), or a part of which has been removed. Well, it may be one from which all the germ has been removed, or some from which it has been removed, and all the outer skin and germ may be removed, or only part of the outer skin and germ will be removed. It may mean that. At this time, the heel portion may be partially or completely removed. For example, in the case of rice, there are those obtained by removing wrinkles and germs by methods such as sperm and those whose surfaces have been peeled or ground (methods for finely scratching the surface), and more specifically, for example, These include milled rice, split rice, germinated rice, and surface ground brown rice.

Furthermore, in the present invention, “(3) crushed grain” can also be used as a raw material.
Grain crushing can be performed using, for example, a cyclone mill. What is necessary is just to select the grade of a crushing suitably according to the kind of grain, and the size of the crushing material desired.

In this invention, the process (contact process process) which uses the raw material which consists of such a grain or a grain crushed material, and carries out this contact processing to the solution or suspension which has calcium hydroxide and water as a main component. Do it first.
Here, pure water such as distilled water is usually used, but tap water may also be used.
In the present invention, it is indispensable to use calcium hydroxide, and even if various alkalis such as sodium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide are used, the object of the present invention cannot be achieved.
In the present invention, it is indispensable to use calcium hydroxide, and even if calcium chloride, calcium carbonate, or the like is used, the object of the present invention cannot be achieved.

Here, the “contact treatment” basically includes a raw material (solid) made of the above-described grain or crushed grain, and a solution or suspension (liquid) mainly composed of calcium hydroxide and water. If it is the method of approaching and touching, there will be no restriction | limiting in particular. Specifically, for example, a method of immersing a raw material comprising a grain or a crushed grain into a solution or suspension mainly composed of calcium hydroxide and water; And a method of spraying a solution or suspension containing calcium hydroxide and water as main components.
In addition, since it is easy to infiltrate the raw material which consists of said grain or a crushed grain, the solution or suspension which has a calcium hydroxide and water as a main component, the method of immersing is preferable.
In the case of adopting the method of immersing in this way, for the same reason, a solution mainly composed of calcium hydroxide and water is used as a raw material consisting of the above-mentioned grain or crushed grain by soaking under stirring. The suspension can also penetrate well.

About the `` solution or suspension mainly composed of calcium hydroxide and water '' in this contact treatment step, it is preferable to use the calcium hydroxide concentration with respect to water at a ratio of 0.025% (w / v) or more, More preferably, it is 0.125% (w / v) or more, further preferably 0.5% (w / v) or more, particularly preferably 1% (w / v) or more, and further preferably 1.25% (w / v) or more. When the concentration of calcium hydroxide relative to water is less than 0.025% (w / v), the minimum water repellency necessary for the grain or the crushed grain cannot be imparted.
On the other hand, the upper limit of the concentration of calcium hydroxide relative to water is appropriately selected according to the degree of water repellency required, operability (easy to operate) when it is desired to wash away calcium hydroxide, and the like. Although it is difficult to determine uniquely, it is usually 5% (w / v) or less, more preferably 2.5% (w / v) or less.

Further, the time for the contact treatment in this contact treatment step may be 10 seconds or more, but is preferably 1 minute or more. The upper limit of the contact treatment time is not particularly limited, but is usually up to 24 hours from the viewpoint of treatment efficiency and the like. Accordingly, the time for the contact treatment is preferably 10 seconds to 24 hours, more preferably 1 minute to 24 hours.

With respect to the concentration of calcium hydroxide (concentration with respect to water) used for the contact treatment and the contact treatment time, it is possible to control the water absorption by combining the conditions. The higher the concentration and the longer the treatment time, the higher the water repellency, but considering the treatment efficiency and anti-corruption, it falls within the concentration range of 0.025% to 10% (w / v) calcium hydroxide concentration relative to water, The treatment time should be within 1 minute to 24 hours.

As the processing temperature in this contact processing, when starch as a main component in the sample is gelatinized, it may be difficult to recover by dissolving during processing, so the temperature is less than the temperature at which gelatinization starts from 0 ° C. It is desirable to set it within the range, and considering the workability, it is desirable to set it to 30 ° C. or less. Accordingly, the treatment temperature is preferably 0 to 30 ° C., more preferably 15 to 30 ° C., and most preferably around room temperature (15 to 25 ° C.).

In addition, regarding the “solution or suspension mainly composed of calcium hydroxide and water” in this contact treatment step, the mass of calcium hydroxide relative to the mass of the grain or the crushed grain is 0.1% (w / w) It is preferably used in such a ratio, more preferably 0.5% (w / w) or more, further preferably 2% (w / w) or more, particularly preferably 5% (w / w) or more. If the calcium hydroxide mass is less than 0.5% (w / w) with respect to the mass of the grain or crushed grain, the minimum water repellency required for the grain or crushed grain can be imparted. Can not.
On the other hand, the upper limit of the mass of calcium hydroxide relative to the mass of the grain or the crushed grain is determined by the degree of water repellency required, operability when washing and removing calcium hydroxide (operation difficulty), etc. Accordingly, it is difficult to determine uniquely because it is appropriately selected, but it is usually 20% (w / w) or less, more preferably 10% (w / w) or less.

In connection with the “alkaline treatment” of the grain or the crushed grain, for example, a caustic soda aqueous solution treatment is performed in the purification process of rice starch. Although it is said that the release of protein, the release of non-starch saccharides, and the softening of rice occur by alkali treatment, starch isolation is facilitated, but this does not suggest the present invention.
Calcium hydroxide is used mainly for the production of konjac, but also as a food additive used for neutralizing sulfuric acid in the production of syrup, desugaring molasses and refining sugar. No report has been made so far that suggests the findings of the present invention that the water absorption properties of the grains treated with calcium hydroxide are significantly modified.

Next, in this invention, the process (separation process process) which isolate | separates the raw material after the said contact process from the solution or suspension which has a calcium hydroxide and water as a main component is performed.
Here, as the “separation treatment”, a method such as precipitation separation, filtration separation, and centrifugal separation can be used. By this, a raw material consisting of a grain or a crushed grain in the above “contact treatment”; Break contact with water or a solution or suspension based on water.
For example, it is easy to separate a grain or a crushed grain from calcium hydroxide-derived fine particles or water by a difference in size, but when the grain size of the crushed substance is fine, an appropriate size mesh Or a method in which calcium hydroxide is dissolved and transferred to the water side while being separated from water by a centrifugal separation method.
In particular, as the “step of separating from the solution or suspension”, the grain or the crushed grain after the contact treatment; the calcium hydroxide aqueous solution that is the main component of the solution or suspension, undissolved calcium hydroxide It is preferable to separate and recover the particles and free components; by the difference in size or specific gravity between them.

In order to lower the pH of the grain or its crushed material after contact treatment with calcium hydroxide, and to reduce the concentration of calcium contained in the grain or crushed grain to 1% or less, water It is desirable to separate from a solution or suspension containing calcium oxide and water as main components (that is, a calcium hydroxide aqueous solution or suspension), and further wash after separation. The cleaning operation may be performed once, but may be performed a plurality of times as necessary.
By this washing operation, unnecessary calcium hydroxide is removed.

In addition, when using the grain or the crushed grain after the contact treatment with calcium hydroxide as a raw material, if the remaining calcium hydroxide is allowed, the separation process step is appropriately performed according to the allowable range. It becomes possible to simplify. In the case where the release of proteins and colored components may be observed by alkali treatment using calcium hydroxide, and mixing thereof is not desirable, a washing step that is appropriately performed in the separation treatment step and further after the separation treatment step The quality of the obtained material becomes high by removing in step.

In the present invention, the raw material after the “separation process” is “dried”.
Since the grain or the grain crushed material after the contact treatment with calcium hydroxide obtained through the separation process, and the washing process appropriately performed after the separation process, comes to exhibit water repellency when dried, It is necessary to dry so that the water content is 30% or less. In consideration of the suppression of spoilage, it is desirable to adjust the moisture content of the processed grain or crushed grain to 15% or less.

By adjusting the water content by such a drying treatment step and drying, the target modified grain imparted with water repellency or a modified grain crushed product can be obtained. In the present invention, it is further necessary. (I.e., if the grain has not been crushed in the steps so far, or if the degree of crushing is not sufficient, etc.) The process to perform (crushing process process) can be performed.
This crushing process step can be performed by using a crushing machine such as a cyclone mill. What is necessary is just to select the grade of crushing suitably according to the objective.

By performing this crushing process and pulverizing, it becomes possible to use for various uses other than the grain meal. The adjustment value of the moisture content varies depending on the type and performance of the crusher, but it is desirable to perform crushing after lowering to 30% or less. Since undesired alterations such as starch gelatinization and heat alteration may occur depending on the severity of dry grinding, it is desirable to optimize the selection of the crusher and operating conditions according to the application.

In this way, a modified grain or modified grain crushed product imparted with water repellency is obtained.
The water repellency of the modified grain or the crushed grain obtained in the present invention can be defined as the property that the water absorption decreases after the modification treatment.
For example, for modified grains or modified grains crushed, measuring the contact angle when a certain amount of water droplets are placed on the grains or crushed spread horizontally under certain conditions, It can be evaluated that the modification has been performed by measuring the time until the dropped water drops penetrate into the grains or the crushed grains. In addition, the modified grain or crushed grain is first packed in a container with a hole in the bottom under certain conditions, placed on a water-filled vat, and absorbed through the hole in the bottom. By measuring the speed, the final water absorption amount, and the semi-water absorption time, it can be evaluated that the modification has been performed.

In addition, the modified grain or the modified grain crushed product obtained in this way has an increased calcium content and an increased amount of calcium compared to before the modification treatment. ing.
In addition, the water-repellent property is lost by neutralizing the modified grain or the modified grain crushed material thus obtained. However, even when neutralization and water repellency are lost in this way, the calcium content in the modified grain or modified grain crushed remains high.

The calcium content of the grain after the modification process or the crushed grain of the modified grain varies depending on the amount of calcium hydroxide used in the modification process. For example, the amount of calcium contained in the untreated rice is about 50 ppm. On the other hand, when it is treated with a 0.025% calcium hydroxide solution, it is about 1000 ppm, and when it is treated with a 10% calcium hydroxide suspension, it is 30000 ppm or more. On the other hand, since the grain that has been treated with 10% calcium hydroxide suspension and neutralized with citric acid does not show water repellency, it contains 30000 ppm or more of calcium. A high content is a necessary but not sufficient condition for reforming.
This phenomenon was not found in other alkalis such as sodium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide, and calcium carbonate and calcium chloride as calcium salts. It is considered important to do.

Furthermore, the modified grain or the modified grain crushed product obtained in this way is modified not only in water absorption characteristics but also in digestion characteristics as compared with that before the modification treatment.
That is, the modified grain or modified grain crushed material thus obtained has a milder amylase digestibility than the raw material before the modification treatment, so that the digestion characteristics or biodegradability is reduced. It is considered that the blood glucose level is moderately increased or biodegradability is moderated.

In this way, at least one kind of the damaged grain that penetrates the husk, the husk and / or the germ from which at least a part of the germ has been removed, and the crushed grain are used as raw materials. A step of subjecting a raw material comprising a grain or a crushed grain to a solution or suspension containing calcium hydroxide and water as main components; separating the raw material after the contact treatment from the solution or suspension; By performing the step; a step of drying the raw material after the separation treatment, water repellency can be imparted to the grain or the crushed grain, and a new material having new characteristics is provided.

For the principle of the present invention, detailed analysis in the future will be indispensable, but since the properties of the new material in the present invention were not observed in the refined starch granules, at least some factors related to the property modification are It is thought that it originates from ingredients other than starch.
In addition, in the case where the grain structure was maintained, the effect of the calcium hydroxide treatment was remarkable, so that the calcium hydroxide aqueous solution entered the water intrusion path before crushing, so It is possible that both the alkaline denaturation of proteins and lipid membranes, and the ionic bond and higher-order structure forming action of calcium are involved. The powder obtained by crushing the grain after calcium hydroxide treatment has water repellency, and if this powder is vigorously stirred in water, the water repellency is reduced, and the suspension has a high polarity such as ethanol or acetone. Since water repellency is lost even when a solvent is added, the surface of the powder is covered with a hydrophobic component, and may be peeled off due to physical impact or gradually dissolving to restore hydrophilicity. Conceivable.

In addition, when this powder is neutralized by adding an acid such as hydrochloric acid or citric acid, or by blowing carbon dioxide, or when a chelating agent such as EDTA is added, the water repellency is quickly lost. Therefore, it is considered that the hydrophobic component is alkaline and that calcium ions need to be present. The rice flour from which the albumin, globulin, prolamin, acidic glutelin and basic glutelin fractions of the protein were removed from the rice flour was subjected to a modification treatment and the water absorption characteristics were evaluated. The modified rice flour from which the albumin and globulin fractions were removed Showed water repellency, but the modified rice flour from which prolamin, acidic glutelin and basic glutelin fractions had been removed showed no water repellency. From this, it is considered that the presence of prolamin and glutelin fractions is necessary to show water repellency.

Therefore, in the present invention, the modified grain or modified grain crushed material imparted with water repellency obtained as described above is treated with an acid, a chelating agent, ethanol or acetone, and optionally By reducing the water repellency at the timing, the structure of the modified grain or the modified grain crushed material can be controlled.

The modified grain or modified grain crushed material obtained by the present invention is alkaline and exhibits water repellency when calcium ions are present, but conversely, neutralizes with an acid; or calcium ions with a chelating agent. By treating with ethanol or acetone, water repellency can be reduced and hydrophilicity can be imparted, so the timing of water absorption by the grain (flour) can be freely controlled Become.

The modified grain or the modified grain crushed material thus produced can be a new material in which the water absorption characteristics of the material are modified in addition to an increase in the calcium content.
Depending on the type of grain, the degree of pretreatment such as peeling, the alkali treatment conditions with calcium hydroxide, etc., the presence or absence of water absorption characteristics and the degree thereof change. The water absorption characteristics include a plurality of characteristics such as water repellency, reduction of initial water absorption rate, and prevention of water absorption inside the particles. In connection with these properties, the property that the particles move from the aqueous phase to the oil phase, the property that starch gelatinization is delayed due to delayed water absorption during the heat treatment, and the pH inside the particles because water absorption is prevented. The property of being kept alkaline is observed. Moreover, the final increase in water absorption is observed under the condition that the starch in the particles is partially gelatinized by alkali. In addition, as described above, when this material is used, amylase digestibility becomes milder than that of the material before treatment, so that it is considered that the increase in blood glucose level is moderated.

Therefore, the modified grain or modified grain crushed material obtained by the present invention can be widely used for various applications.

In general, the method of using grain or flour can be classified according to the order and method of adding water, fat and heat to the grain (flour).
(1) Items that heat grain (flour): popcorn, pon confectionery, potato flour, etc.
(2) Of the above (1), oil is used during heating: fried clothes, meunier clothes, and the like.
(3) What is heated after absorbing grain (flour): cooked rice, rice porridge, dumpling, rice bran, rice cake, steamed bread, udon.
(4) Of the above (3), oil is added at the time of heating: tempura, pie, cookies, bread, fried arabe, etc.
(5) What is heated by adding oil to grain (flour), further absorbing water and heating: pilaf, roux, sauce, etc.
(6) A product obtained by absorbing and heating grain (flour), that is, a product obtained by further heating the product (2): shochu, rice noodles, tortilla and the like.
(7) Of the above (6), oil is added during heating: fried rice, taco shell, churros, etc.

The modified grain or the modified grain crushed material of the present invention can have a variety of water absorption and hydrophilicity, or lipophilicity depending on the degree of treatment, so that water absorption characteristics are utilized, or oil and fat or moisture. The utilization method which gave the new function to the cooking mentioned in said (1)-(7) using the difference in affinity of can be considered. For example, with regard to the garment of (2), cooking can be completed without depriving moisture of the raw material by utilizing the high lipophilicity of the modified flour and water repellency.
Therefore, the modified grain or the modified grain crushed material imparted with the water repellency of the present invention can be effectively used as flour or fried clothes.

In this way, materials with modified water absorption properties have not been known so far, and can be manufactured by a simple method of contacting calcium hydroxide. Is done.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to test examples and examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

In addition, “partial milling of grain” performed in the following examples refers to a rice milling apparatus (for example, a rice mill for a small test, ket science, etc.) for the grain itself from which the husk (rice husk referred to as rice) has been removed. It is a term that refers to a process of partially damaging the outer shell of a grain using a laboratory.
In addition, “the moisture content of the grain” is indicated by “% (wb)” which is the moisture content of the wet base (wet base). The value is a value obtained by dividing 'weight of water' by 'sum of weight of water and solid content' and multiplying by 100.

[Test Example 1] “Effect of calcium hydroxide treatment on the hydrophilicity of grains”
The grain raw material was treated with calcium hydroxide and the effect on the hydrophilicity of 'grain' was examined.

(1) "Calcium hydroxide treatment"
As raw materials for grain, the grains shown in Table 1 were prepared by preparing “milled rice of glutinous rice”, “milled rice of glutinous rice”, and “partially refined product of dried wheat grain”.
10g of each grain raw material is weighed into a container, and 1g of calcium hydroxide powder [equivalent to 10% (w / w) for raw material, equivalent to 2.5% (w / v) for pure water] and pure water 40 mL was added and stirred well, and allowed to stand at 20 ° C. for 12 hours.
The solution after the standing treatment was discarded, washed with 40 mL of pure water three times to remove calcium hydroxide, and dried until the water content was about 15% (wb).
As a control, only pure water not containing calcium hydroxide was added to each grain raw material and allowed to stand, wash, and dry.

(2) "Evaluation of hydrophilicity of grains"
The hydrophilicity of 'grain' was evaluated as follows. A micropipette was used to drop 6 μL of pure water on the surface of the grain, and the time taken for the water to penetrate the grain surface was measured. The results are shown in Table 1.

As a result, it was shown that by treating the grain with calcium hydroxide, the time until the water droplets became familiar with the grain surface increased significantly.
From this, it was clarified that the hydrophilicity of the grain is lowered by the calcium hydroxide treatment, and the water repellency is exhibited.

[Test Example 2] “Effect of calcium hydroxide treatment on the hydrophilicity of crushed grains”
The effect on the hydrophilicity of 'grain crushed material' obtained by performing calcium hydroxide treatment on the grain raw material and then crushing it was examined.

(1) "Calcium hydroxide treatment"
Prepared by preparing the grain raw materials shown in Table 2, 'glutinous rice refined rice', 'partially refined rice of glutinous rice', 'glutinous rice refined rice', and 'partially refined product of wheat dried grain' as shown in Table 2. did.
10g of each grain raw material is weighed into a container, and 1g of calcium hydroxide powder [equivalent to 10% (w / w) for raw material, equivalent to 2.5% (w / v) for pure water] and pure water 40 mL was added and stirred well, followed by standing treatment at 20 ° C. for 12 hours.
The solution after the static treatment was discarded, washed with 40 mL of pure water three times to remove calcium hydroxide, and dried until the water content was about 30% (wb).
Thereafter, the mixture was pulverized at high speed using a cyclone mill (Cyclotec 1093, Tecator, Sweden) equipped with a 0.5 mm screen, and dried until the water content was about 14% (wb).
As a control, only pure water not containing calcium hydroxide was added to each grain raw material and allowed to stand, wash, dry, pulverize, and dry.

(2) "Hydrophilicity evaluation of crushed grains"
The degree of hydrophilicity of the “grain crushed material” was evaluated as follows. 0.2 g of crushed material was horizontally spread on a horizontal surface so as to have a diameter of about 2.5 cm. Using a micropipette, drop 6 μL of pure water onto the crushed material, and the time it takes for the water droplets to penetrate and penetrate the crushed material (the time it takes for the water droplets to penetrate into the horizontally crushed crushed material. Hereinafter, simply referred to as “time taken for water droplets to penetrate into the crushed grain”). The results are shown in Table 2.

As a result, as shown in Table 2, when a part of the outer skin was removed by scratching the surface of the grain, the hydrophilicity of the crushed material was lowered. It has been shown that removal of a portion of the hull facilitates the penetration of calcium hydroxide into the grain and is effective in reducing the hydrophilicity of the product after treatment.

From this, it was revealed that even when the calcium hydroxide-treated product of grains was crushed, the hydrophilicity of the crushed product was lowered and water repellency was exhibited.

[Test Example 3] “Grain raw material with the skin removed”
In Test Example 2, the same procedure as in Test Example 1 was performed except that “brown rice brown rice” or “corn dried grain” in which the skin was removed was used as the raw material of the grain, and the hydrophilicity of the grain was determined. As a result of evaluation, sufficient water repellency was not obtained, but this was not due to the short soaking and standing time for 'brown rice brown rice' or 'dried corn kernels' with the skin removed. I thought.
Therefore, the test was conducted by further extending the dipping / standing time (12 hours) in Test Example 2.
In other words, 'brown rice brown rice' or 'corn dry kernels' is absorbed overnight (16 hours), then calcium hydroxide is added, and it is allowed to stand at low temperature (4 ° C) for 2 days (48 hours), then washed with water. After (water washing), it was dried until the water content was about 30% (wb), then pulverized, and further dried until the water content was about 14% (wb).
As a control, pure water not containing calcium hydroxide was added to each grain raw material, followed by standing, washing, drying, pulverization, and drying.
As a result, as shown in Table 3, even if it is 'brown rice brown rice' or 'corn dried grain' in a state where the husk has been removed, it will absorb water if sufficient time is taken, and these husks will be removed. It was found that “grain” can be given water repellency.

[Test Example 4] “Calcium hydroxide treatment on crushed grains”
In the case where the calcium hydroxide treatment was directly applied to the crushed grain, the influence of the crushed grain on the water absorption characteristics was examined.

(1) "Calcium hydroxide treatment"
As the crushed grains, 'rice powder of glutinous rice', 'corn crushed material', 'buckwheat kernel crushed material', and 'amaranthus grain crushed material' were prepared. Weigh 10g of the crushed grain into a container, add 1g of calcium hydroxide powder [equivalent to 10% (w / w) relative to raw material, equivalent to 2.5% (w / v) relative to pure water] Next, 40 mL of pure water was added and stirred well, followed by gentle stirring at 20 ° C. for 16 hours.
The solution after the treatment was discarded, washed 5 times with 40 mL of pure water to remove calcium hydroxide, and dried until the water content was about 14% (wb).
In addition, as a control, the same treatment was performed without adding calcium hydroxide.

(2) "Hydrophilicity evaluation of crushed grains"
The degree of hydrophilicity of the 'grain crushed material' that had undergone the treatment (1) was evaluated in the same manner as in the method described in Test Example 2. The results are shown in Table 4.

As a result, it was shown that in the treated product obtained by performing the calcium hydroxide treatment on the crushed grain, the time for the water droplets to penetrate dramatically increases.
From this, it was shown that even when the calcium hydroxide treatment was performed directly on the crushed grains instead of the grains themselves, the water absorption characteristics were changed and water repellency could be imparted.

[Test Example 5] “Types of alkali compounds”
The effect | action which performed the process using various alkali compounds with respect to the grain and exerted on the hydrophilicity of a crushed grain was examined.

(1) "Alkali compound treatment"
As a grain raw material, the grains shown in Table 3 were prepared and prepared as “Uruchi Rice Refined Rice” (Samples 3-1, 3-2, 3-3).
10 g of each grain raw material was weighed into a container, 40 mL of pure water and various alkali compounds were added to a concentration of 0.34 M, and the mixture was stirred well, followed by standing treatment at 20 ° C. for 12 hours.
The solution after the stationary treatment was discarded, washed with 40 mL of pure water three times to remove the alkali compound, and dried until the water content was about 30% (wb).
Thereafter, the mixture was pulverized at high speed using a cyclone mill (Cyclotec 1093, Tecator, Sweden) equipped with a 0.5 mm screen, and dried until the water content was about 14% (wb).

(2) `` Hydrophilicity evaluation of crushed grains ''
The degree of hydrophilicity of the “grain crushed material” was evaluated in the same manner as in the method described in Test Example 2. The results are shown in Table 5.
As a control, Table 5 shows the results of Sample 2-2 that were not treated with calcium hydroxide.

As a result, only the calcium hydroxide-treated product (Sample 5-1) exhibits water repellency, and the treated products with other types of alkali compounds (Sample 5-2 and Sample 5-3) do not exhibit water repellency. Indicated.
This suggests that the action of lowering the hydrophilicity of grains and crushed grains and imparting water repellency is not specific to alkali compounds, but is specific to calcium hydroxide. It was done.

[Test Example 6] “Types of calcium compounds”
The grain was treated with various calcium compounds, and the effect on the hydrophilicity of the ground grain was examined.

(1) "Calcium compound treatment"
As a grain raw material, the grain shown in Table 6 was prepared as “Uruchi rice refined rice”.
10 g of each grain raw material was weighed into a container, 40 mL of pure water and various calcium compounds were added to a concentration of 0.34 M, and the mixture was stirred well, followed by standing treatment at 20 ° C. for 12 hours.
The solution after the stationary treatment was discarded, washed with 40 mL of pure water three times to remove the calcium compound, and dried until the water content was about 30% (wb).
Thereafter, the mixture was pulverized at high speed using a cyclone mill (Cyclotec 1093, Tecator, Sweden) equipped with a 0.5 mm screen, and dried until the water content was about 14% (wb).

(2) "Hydrophilicity evaluation of crushed grains"
The degree of hydrophilicity of the “grain crushed material” was evaluated in the same manner as in the method described in Test Example 2. The results are shown in Table 6.
As a control, the results of Sample 2-2, which was not treated with calcium hydroxide, are shown together in Table 6.

As a result, it was shown that only the calcium hydroxide-treated product (Sample 6-1) exhibited water repellency, and the treated products with other types of calcium compounds (Samples 6-2 and 6-3) did not exhibit water repellency. It was done.
From this, it is clear that the action of reducing the hydrophilicity of grains and crushed grains and imparting water repellency is not an action exerted by calcium compounds in general, but an action specific to calcium hydroxide. It became.

[Test Example 7] “Examination of calcium hydroxide addition amount”
The effect of the amount of calcium hydroxide added on the water absorption characteristics of the pulverized grain was examined when the pulverized grain was treated with calcium hydroxide.

(1) "Calcium hydroxide treatment"
As a crushed grain product, “rice flour of glutinous rice” was prepared. 10 g of the crushed grains are weighed into a container and the amount of calcium hydroxide powder shown in Table 7 [0.1 to 10% (w / w) equivalent to raw material, 0.025 to 2.5% (w / v) equivalent amount] was added, and then 40 mL of pure water was added and stirred well, followed by gentle stirring at 20 ° C. for 16 hours.
The solution after the treatment was discarded, washed 5 times with 40 mL of pure water to remove calcium hydroxide, and dried until the water content was about 14% (wb).
In addition, as a control, the same treatment was performed without adding calcium hydroxide.

(2) `` Hydrophilicity evaluation of crushed grains ''
The degree of hydrophilicity of the 'grain crushed material' that had undergone the treatment (1) was evaluated in the same manner as in the method described in Test Example 2. The results are shown in Table 7.

As a result, it was shown that as the proportion of the amount of calcium hydroxide used for the calcium hydroxide treatment was increased, the time for water droplets to penetrate into the crushed grain was increased. In particular, by adding 5% (w / w) or more of calcium hydroxide [1.25% (w / v) or more with respect to pure water] calcium hydroxide, the penetration time can be dramatically increased. It was shown to increase.
From this, it was suggested that the effect | action which changes the water absorption characteristic of the said grain crushed material and provides water repellency is an effect | action strengthened with the increase in calcium hydroxide addition amount. In particular, it was shown that it is effective to add 5% (w / w) or more calcium hydroxide [1.25% (w / v) or more to pure water] to the grain weight.
Moreover, from this result, it was shown that the water absorption characteristics can be adjusted by adjusting the concentration of calcium hydroxide used for the reforming treatment.

In addition, it is recognized that the said knowledge is a knowledge applicable in principle also about the calcium hydroxide process with respect to a grain itself.

[Test Example 8] “Examination of calcium hydroxide treatment time”
In performing the calcium hydroxide treatment, the influence of the calcium hydroxide treatment time on the water absorption characteristics of the pulverized grains was examined.

(1) "Calcium hydroxide treatment"
As a crushed grain product, “rice flour of glutinous rice” was prepared. Weigh 10g of the crushed grain into a container, add 1g of calcium hydroxide powder [equivalent to 10% (w / w) relative to raw material, equivalent to 2.5% (w / v) relative to pure water] Next, 40 mL of pure water was added and stirred well, and a gentle stirring process was performed at 20 ° C. for the time shown in Table 8.
The solution after the treatment was discarded, washed 5 times with 40 mL of pure water to remove calcium hydroxide, and dried until the water content was about 14% (wb).
In addition, as a control, the same treatment was performed without adding calcium hydroxide.

(2) `` Hydrophilicity evaluation of crushed grains ''
The degree of hydrophilicity of the 'grain crushed material' that had undergone the treatment (1) was evaluated in the same manner as in the method described in Test Example 2. The results are shown in Table 8.

As a result, it was shown that the time required for water droplets to penetrate into the crushed grain was dramatically increased by performing the calcium hydroxide treatment for 10 seconds or more.
From this, the action of changing the water absorption characteristics of the crushed grain and imparting water repellency can be easily given even by performing calcium hydroxide treatment for a short time of about 10 seconds. Indicated.
It was also shown that the water absorption characteristics were not adversely affected even when the calcium hydroxide treatment was performed for a long time (24 hours).

In addition, it is recognized that the said knowledge is a knowledge applicable in principle also about the calcium hydroxide process with respect to a grain itself.

[Test Example 9] “Water absorption characteristics of crushed grains”
With respect to the crushed grains obtained by the calcium hydroxide treatment, the water absorption over time, that is, the water absorption characteristics was evaluated.

(1) "Calcium hydroxide treatment"
As a crushed grain product, “rice flour of glutinous rice” was prepared. Weigh 10g of the crushed grain into a container, add 1g of calcium hydroxide powder [equivalent to 10% (w / w) relative to raw material, equivalent to 2.5% (w / v) relative to pure water] Next, 40 mL of pure water was added and stirred well, and a gentle stirring treatment was performed at 20 ° C. for 12 hours.
The solution after the treatment was discarded, washed 5 times with 40 mL of pure water to remove calcium hydroxide, and dried until the water content was about 14% (wb).
In addition, as a control, the same treatment was performed without adding calcium hydroxide.

(2) `` Change over time in the amount of water absorbed by crushed grains ''
With respect to the “grain crushed material” that has undergone the above treatment (1), the water absorption characteristics were evaluated using a simple water absorption evaluation method using a perforated can. Specifically, 5 g of the crushed grain after calcium hydroxide treatment is placed in an aluminum container (for example, a cup of Rapid Visco Analyzer) with holes of 1 to 2 mm at 1 cm intervals in the bottom, and put into a bat filled with water. The container was immersed, and the mass was measured by pulling the container from the water at an interval of 30 seconds in the initial stage and thereafter every 2 to 10 minutes.
The total water absorption relative to the dry weight was calculated from the water absorption, and plotted on a graph with time on the horizontal axis and total water absorption on the vertical axis. The results are shown in FIG.

As a result, the crushed grain (control rice flour: sample 9-2) that had not been treated with calcium hydroxide quickly absorbed water, but the crushed grain after modified calcium hydroxide (modified rice flour: sample 9). In -1), static water absorption did not occur, and no change was observed in the amount of water absorbed during the 30 minutes of measurement.
From this, it was shown that the water repellency imparted to the crushed grain by the calcium hydroxide treatment is a property that is retained for a long time.

In addition, it is recognized that the said knowledge is a knowledge applicable in principle also about the calcium hydroxide process with respect to a grain itself.

[Test Example 10] “Change in water absorption characteristics due to differences in calcium hydroxide content”
Changes in the water absorption characteristics of the crushed grains obtained by performing calcium hydroxide treatment by changing the amount of calcium hydroxide were examined.

(1) "Calcium hydroxide treatment"
As a crushed grain product, “rice flour of glutinous rice” was prepared. Weigh 10g of the crushed grain into a container, and the amount of calcium hydroxide powder shown in Fig. 2 [0.1 to 10% (w / w) equivalent to raw material, 0.025 to 2.5% (w / v) equivalent amount] was added, and then 40 mL of pure water was added and stirred well, followed by gentle stirring at 20 ° C. for 16 hours.
The solution after the treatment was discarded, washed 5 times with 40 mL of pure water to remove calcium hydroxide, and dried until the water content was about 14% (wb).
In addition, as a control, the same treatment was performed without adding calcium hydroxide.

(2) `` Change over time in the amount of water absorbed by crushed grains ''
With respect to the “grain crushed material” subjected to the treatment of (1) above, the change in water absorption with time was measured in the same manner as in the method described in Test Example 9. The results are shown in FIG.

As a result, in the calcium hydroxide treatment, the sample added with 2% or more calcium hydroxide (0.5% (w / v) or more with respect to pure water) to the grain mass (samples 10-1 to 10-3) ), Static water absorption did not occur, and no change was observed in the amount of water absorbed during the 20 minutes of measurement.
Therefore, in calcium hydroxide treatment, especially by adding 2% (w / w) or more calcium hydroxide (0.5% (w / v) or more to pure water) to the grain mass. It was shown that stable water repellency can be imparted to crushed grains.
Moreover, it was shown that the water absorption property of the crushed grain can be freely modified by adjusting the amount of calcium hydroxide added to a low level [adjusted between 0.1 and 2% (w / w grain)].

In addition, it is recognized that the said knowledge is a knowledge applicable in principle also about the calcium hydroxide process with respect to a grain itself.

[Test Example 11] “Change in water absorption characteristics due to differences in calcium hydroxide treatment time”
With respect to the crushed grains obtained by changing the treatment time of the calcium hydroxide treatment, the change over time in the water absorption characteristics was examined.

(1) "Calcium hydroxide treatment"
'Uruchi rice' was prepared as a grain raw material. Weigh 10g of the grain into a container, add 1g of calcium hydroxide powder [equivalent to 10% (w / w) relative to raw material, equivalent to 2.5% (w / v) relative to pure water], and then add pure Water (40 mL) was added and stirred well, and the mixture was allowed to stand at 20 ° C. for the time shown in FIG.
The solution after the treatment was discarded, washed with 40 mL of pure water three times to remove calcium hydroxide, and dried until the water content was about 30% (wb).
Thereafter, the mixture was pulverized at high speed using a cyclone mill (Cyclotec 1093, Tecator, Sweden) equipped with a 0.5 mm screen, and dried until the water content was about 14% (wb).
In addition, as a control, the same treatment was performed without adding calcium hydroxide.

(2) `` Change over time in the amount of water absorbed by crushed grains ''
With respect to the “grain crushed material” subjected to the treatment of (1) above, the change in water absorption with time was measured in the same manner as in the method described in Test Example 9. The results are shown in FIG.

As a result, in samples subjected to calcium hydroxide treatment for 2 hours or more (Samples 11-4 to 11-5), no static water absorption occurred, and no change was observed in the amount of water absorption during 120 minutes of measurement.
From this, it was shown that stable water repellency can be imparted to the crushed grain by performing the calcium hydroxide treatment for 2 hours or more.
In addition, it was shown that the water absorption characteristics of the crushed grain can be freely modified by adjusting the calcium hydroxide treatment time to be short (adjusted between 0 and 2 hours).

In addition, it is recognized that the said knowledge is a knowledge applicable in principle also about the calcium hydroxide process with respect to a grain crushed material directly.

[Test Example 12] “Changes in viscosity characteristics when heated by calcium hydroxide treatment”
Regarding the crushed grains obtained by the calcium hydroxide treatment, the change in viscosity characteristics during heating was examined.

(1) "Calcium hydroxide treatment"
'Uruchi rice' was prepared as a grain raw material. Weigh 10g of the kernel into a container and add 0.2g of calcium hydroxide powder [2% (w / w) equivalent to raw material] or 0.5g [5% (w / w) equivalent to raw material] Then, 40 mL of pure water was added and stirred well, and the mixture was allowed to stand at 20 ° C. for 16 hours.
The solution after the treatment was discarded, washed with 40 mL of pure water three times to remove calcium hydroxide, and dried until the water content was about 30% (wb).
Thereafter, the mixture was pulverized at high speed using a cyclone mill (Cyclotec 1093, Tecator, Sweden) equipped with a 0.5 mm screen, and dried until the water content was about 14% (wb).
In addition, as a control, the same treatment was performed without adding calcium hydroxide.

(2) `` Change in viscosity characteristics over time ''
About the "grain crushed material" which passed through the process of said (1), the viscosity characteristic accompanying heating was evaluated using the rapid visco analyzer (made by Newport Scientific).
Specifically, according to AACC official method 61-02.01, the crushed grain weighed so that the sample amount is 3.00 g when the water content is 12% (wb) in the measurement container, and the total water content is 25.0 mL Then, water was added, and the wings were inserted and set in a measuring tank set at 50 ° C.
The wings were rotated for 10 seconds at a speed of 960 rpm, then at 160 rpm, and this speed was maintained during the measurement thereafter. In this state, the wings were rotated and held at 50 ° C. for 1 minute, and then the temperature was increased to 95 ° C. during 3 minutes and 45 seconds, and held at 95 ° C. for 2 minutes and 30 seconds. Thereafter, the temperature was lowered to 50 ° C. in 3 minutes and 45 seconds, and maintained at 50 ° C. for 1 minute and 30 seconds. The viscosity was measured over time by detecting the force applied to the wing at this time. The results are shown in FIG.

As a result, it was shown that the crushed grain (modified rice flour) subjected to the calcium hydroxide treatment is not easily adapted to water due to its water repellency, so that the viscosity does not easily increase even when heated.
Specifically, in the sample (sample 12-3) treated with calcium hydroxide at 2% (w / w) [corresponding to 0.5% (w / v) with respect to pure water] with respect to the grain mass, It was shown that the increase in viscosity with heating was greatly reduced. In particular, in the sample treated with 5% (w / w) calcium hydroxide (corresponding to 1.25% (w / v) equivalent to pure water) calcium hydroxide (sample 12-2), the increase in viscosity is It was hardly seen.

In addition, the measurement was performed after immersing a sample treated with calcium hydroxide at 2% (w / w) [corresponding to 0.5% (w / v) equivalent to pure water] with respect to the grain mass for 24 hours. In the case (Sample 12-4), the maximum viscosity showed a high value of 3800 cP. However, the viscosity increase pattern was different from the control rice flour (Sample 12-1) in that the maximum viscosity arrival time was short and the maximum viscosity value was low.
From this, it was shown that the viscosity characteristic pattern accompanying heating can be controlled by adjusting the degree of water absorption characteristics of the grain.

[Test Example 13] “Effect of calcium hydroxide treatment on hydrophilicity and lipophilicity”
The effect on the hydrophilicity and lipophilicity of the pulverized grain obtained by performing calcium hydroxide treatment on the grain raw material and then crushing was examined.

(1) "Calcium hydroxide treatment"
'Uruchi rice' was prepared as a grain raw material. Weigh 10g of the grain into a container, add 1g of calcium hydroxide powder [equivalent to 10% (w / w) relative to raw material, equivalent to 2.5% (w / v) relative to pure water], and then add pure Water (40 mL) was added and stirred well, and the mixture was allowed to stand at 20 ° C. for 16 hours.
The solution after the treatment was discarded, washed with 40 mL of pure water three times to remove calcium hydroxide, and dried until the water content was about 30% (wb).
Thereafter, the mixture was pulverized at high speed using a cyclone mill (Cyclotec 1093, Tecator, Sweden) equipped with a 0.5 mm screen, and dried until the water content was about 14% (wb).
In addition, as a control, the same treatment was performed without adding calcium hydroxide.

(2) “Evaluation of hydrophilicity and lipophilicity of crushed grains”
Hydrophilicity and lipophilicity were evaluated for the 'grain crushed material' that had undergone the above treatment (1). For the evaluation method, any one of Steps A to E described in Table 9 was performed on the sample, and the properties were visually evaluated. Table 9-1 shows the results of the crushed grain (modified rice flour) treated with calcium hydroxide, and Table 9-2 shows the results of the control (control rice flour).

As a result, the crushed grain (modified rice flour) treated with calcium hydroxide has strong lipophilicity, and in the samples (Samples 13-2 to 13-5) subjected to Steps B to E, precipitated in the upper oil layer. . Further, the sample subjected to Step A did not fit with water (Sample 13-1).
On the other hand, the crushed grain (control rice flour) not subjected to calcium hydroxide treatment has strong hydrophilicity and precipitates in the lower water layer in the samples (samples 13-6 to 13-9) subjected to steps A to D. did. Further, in the sample subjected to Step E, the oil and the familiar oil layer precipitated (Sample 13-10).
From this result, it was shown that, in the crushed grain treated with calcium hydroxide, what originally had hydrophilic properties was modified to have strong lipophilicity.

[Test Example 14] “Evaluation of digestibility with artificial digestive juice”
The effect on the amylase digestibility of the pulverized grain obtained by performing calcium hydroxide treatment on the grain raw material and then crushing was examined.

(1) "Calcium hydroxide treatment"
'Uruchi rice' was prepared as a grain raw material. Weigh 10g of the grain into a container, add 1g of calcium hydroxide powder [equivalent to 10% (w / w) relative to raw material, equivalent to 2.5% (w / v) relative to pure water], and then add pure Water (40 mL) was added and stirred well, and the mixture was allowed to stand at 20 ° C. for 16 hours.
The solution after the treatment was discarded, washed with 40 mL of pure water three times to remove calcium hydroxide, and dried until the water content was about 30% (wb).
Thereafter, the mixture was pulverized at high speed using a cyclone mill (Cyclotec 1093, Tecator, Sweden) equipped with a 0.5 mm screen, and dried until the water content was about 14% (wb).
In addition, as a control, the same treatment was performed without adding calcium hydroxide.

(2) "Evaluation of amylase digestibility"
The digestion by amylase was evaluated using the modified method of the method of Englyst et al. (Am J Clin Nutr 1999; 69: 448-54) for the 'grain crushed material' that had undergone the treatment of (1) above.
Specifically, rice flour was weighed into a 50 mL centrifuge tube so that the sugar content was about 0.6 g, 5 mL of pure water and 10 mL of pepsin hydrochloric acid solution were added, and the mixture was allowed to stand at 37 ° C. for 30 minutes. Here, the pepsin hydrochloric acid solution was prepared by suspending pepsin (P7000, Sigma, USA) in 0.05N hydrochloric acid so as to be 0.5 g / mL.
The pH was adjusted to 5.2 ± 0.5 using a 0.5 M sodium acetate solution, 0.5 mL of 1% sodium azide solution was added, and pure water was added so that the total liquid volume was 20 mL.
Three glass balls having a diameter of 10 mm were placed in a centrifuge tube, 5 mL of pancreatin solution was added, and the mixture was shaken at 37 ° C. (100 reciprocations / minute). Here, the pancreatin solution was prepared as follows. 3 g of pancreatin (P7545, Sigma, USA) was suspended in 20 mL of pure water, stirred for 10 minutes, centrifuged at 1500 rpm for 10 minutes, and 15 mL of the supernatant was recovered. To this supernatant, 0.67 mL amyloglucosidase (A7095, Sigma, USA) and 1 mL invertase (104738, Merck, Germany) were added to obtain a pancreatin solution.
After adding the pancreatin solution, 200 μL was sampled at regular intervals, and 4 mL of ethanol was immediately added to stop the reaction. The amount of glucose in this solution was measured using a glucose test kit (for example, glucose CII-Test Wako, Wako Pure Chemical Industries). The results are shown in FIG.

As a result, the crushed grain (modified rice flour: sample 14-1) treated with calcium hydroxide was compared with the crushed grain (control rice flour: sample 14-2) that was not treated with calcium hydroxide. It was shown that the digestibility was low both after digestion for 20 minutes and after digestion for 120 minutes.
From this, it was shown that the digestibility by the artificial digestive liquid consisting of pepsin, pancreatin, amyloglucosidase, and invertase is mild in the crushed grain (modified rice flour: Sample 14-1) treated with calcium hydroxide. It was.

[Test Example 15] "Evaluation of various grain characteristics"
Various characteristics of the pulverized grains obtained by performing calcium hydroxide treatment on the grain raw materials and then crushing them were examined.

(1) "Calcium hydroxide treatment"
'Uruchi rice' was prepared as a grain raw material. Weigh 10g of the grain into a container, add 1g of calcium hydroxide powder [equivalent to 10% (w / w) relative to raw material, equivalent to 2.5% (w / v) relative to pure water], and then add pure Water (40 mL) was added and stirred well, and the mixture was allowed to stand at 20 ° C for 16 hours.
The solution after the treatment was discarded, washed with 40 mL of pure water three times to remove calcium hydroxide, and dried until the water content was about 30% (wb).
Thereafter, the mixture was pulverized at high speed using a cyclone mill (Cyclotec 1093, Tecator, Sweden) equipped with a 0.5 mm screen, and dried until the water content was about 14% (wb).
In addition, as a control, the same treatment was performed without adding calcium hydroxide.

(2) `` Evaluation of various grain characteristics ''
・ Suppression of heat swelling and gelatinization Weigh 0.1 g of 'grain crushed material' that has undergone the above treatment (1) into a test tube, add 4 mL of pure water, stir, and place in a heat block set at 80 ° C. It was.
As a result, the crushed grain (modified rice flour: Sample 15-1) treated with calcium hydroxide did not become familiar with pure water even when the temperature rose, and was maintained in a floating state on the water surface. That is, the swelling and gelatinization due to heating were suppressed.
On the other hand, the control grain crushed material (control rice flour: sample 15-2) precipitated in pure water and swollen and gelatinized as the temperature increased.

Seven test tubes were prepared by weighing 0.1 g of “grain crushed material” subjected to the treatment of (1) above into a test tube and adding 4 mL of pure water. These were placed in a heat block set at 80 ° C and (i) 0.5 mL of 0.5 M hydrochloric acid (sample 15-3), (ii) 0.5 M sodium acetate (pH 3.8) (sample 15-4), (iii) 0.5 M ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) (sample 15-5), (iv) ethanol (sample 15-6), and (v) acetone (sample 15-7) were added and stirred.
As a result, in all these samples, the crushed grains treated with calcium hydroxide began to settle with water, and gelatinization proceeded.
From this, it was shown that the water repellency imparted at an arbitrary timing can be lowered by adding an acid or an organic solvent.

On the other hand, 0.1 g of 'grain crushed material' after the treatment of (1) above was weighed into a test tube and added to 4 mL of pure water, and (i) cyclohexane (sample 15-8), (ii) toluene (Sample 15-9) and (iii) Edible salad oil (Sample 15-10) were added and stirred, and placed in a heat block set at a temperature of 80 ° C.
As a result, when cyclohexane, toluene, and edible salad oil were added, the added liquid and modified rice flour were familiar and gathered at the interface with the aqueous phase, but were not familiar with water.

[Example 1; Evaluation as flour for udon dough]
Below, the preparation method of the modified rice grain ground material of this invention is shown.
Distillation of 50 g of calcium hydroxide (equivalent to 5% (w / w) relative to raw material, equivalent to 1.25% (w / v) relative to distilled water) in 1 kg of polished Koshihikari rice grains 4 L of water was added and left at 20 ° C. for 18 hours.
Next, the rice grains were sifted to separate the precipitated calcium hydroxide, and the calcium hydroxide adhering to the surface was rinsed with distilled water to remove excess calcium hydroxide. The obtained rice grains were spread on a vat, air-dried at room temperature until the water content was about 30%, and pulverized with a test pulverizer. The obtained pulverized product was spread on a vat and air-dried at room temperature until the water content reached about 14%, whereby a modified rice grain pulverized product was obtained.
As a pulverized rice grain for comparison, add 4 L of distilled water to 1 kg of Koshihikari rice grain, leave it for about 18 hours at about 20 ° C, and then drop the rice grain, rinse with distilled water, and air-dry until the water content is about 30% Then, it was pulverized with a test pulverizer and further air-dried to a moisture content of about 14%.

The modified rice grain pulverized product of the present invention and the comparative rice grain pulverized product were evaluated as powders for udon dough as follows. Properties required for the powdering of udon dough include that it spreads uniformly on the dough and suppresses adhesion between the doughs, and that the degree of turbidity of hot water and viscosity increase during boiling is low.
Add the salt solution prepared by dissolving 15 g of salt in 145 mL of distilled water to 300 g of medium-strength flour (Nisshin Naka-zhi flour) as wheat flour, knead for 15 minutes in a home bread kneader, and let it sleep for 30 minutes Made dough. It was rolled and cut using a pasta machine, and the flour was sprinkled to make noodles.

At this time, the adhering rate of the flour to the noodles was 2.2% for the modified rice grain pulverized product of the present invention and 3.1% for the comparative rice grain crushed product.
In addition, as the state of the dusting powder adhering at this time, the modified rice grain pulverized product of the present invention spreads thinly and uniformly on the dough, and the comparative rice grain pulverized product adheres in a lumpy manner on the dough But there was. On the other hand, there was no significant difference in the adhesion between the dough between the modified rice grain ground product of the present invention and the comparative rice grain ground material.

When 50 g of raw noodles was put into 500 mL of boiling water, when the modified rice grain pulverized product of the present invention was used as the flour, the flour was peeled off and floated on the water, and a part of it gradually precipitated. There was no significant effect on the viscosity of boiled juice. On the other hand, when the pulverized rice grain for comparison was used as the flour, the peeled flour was immediately gelatinized, and the boiled juice was highly transparent but viscous. As described above, the modified rice grain pulverized product of the present invention has a property as a dusting powder that spreads more uniformly on the dough than the comparative rice grain pulverized product and does not increase the viscosity of hot water when boiled. It was shown that.

[Example 2; Evaluation as fried clothes]
Distillation of 50 g of calcium hydroxide (equivalent to 5% (w / w) relative to raw material, equivalent to 1.25% (w / v) relative to distilled water) in 1 kg of polished Koshihikari rice grains 4 L of water was added and left at 20 ° C. for 18 hours.
Next, the rice grains were sifted to separate the precipitated calcium hydroxide, and the calcium hydroxide adhering to the surface was rinsed with distilled water to remove excess calcium hydroxide. The obtained rice grains were spread on a vat, air-dried at room temperature until the water content was about 30%, and pulverized with a test pulverizer. The obtained pulverized product was spread on a vat and air-dried at room temperature until the water content reached about 14%, whereby a modified rice grain pulverized product was obtained.
As a pulverized rice grain for comparison, add 4 L of distilled water to 1 kg of Koshihikari rice grain, leave it for about 18 hours at about 20 ° C, and then drop the rice grain, rinse with distilled water, and air-dry until the water content is about 30% Then, it was pulverized with a test pulverizer and further air-dried to a moisture content of about 14%.

The modified rice grain pulverized product of the present invention and the comparative rice grain pulverized product were evaluated as fried clothes as follows.
Cotton tofu was cut into a size of about 3 x 4 x 1 cm and drained lightly. The above-described modified rice grain pulverized product of the present invention or a comparative rice grain pulverized product was applied as tofu to fried tofu. Each ground product was spread on a vat, tofu was pressed on it, and excess ground material was lightly tapped off. This was put into frying oil heated to 170 ° C. and heated for 3 minutes.
Tofu coated with a crushed rice grain for comparison lost moisture from the tofu and had a texture like fried chicken. On the other hand, the tofu coated with the modified rice grain pulverized product of the present invention did not lose its moisture even after being fried for 3 minutes, and when it was chewed, it oozed out of the tofu.

[Example 3; Evaluation as a cookie]
Distillation of 50 g of calcium hydroxide (equivalent to 5% (w / w) relative to raw material, equivalent to 1.25% (w / v) relative to distilled water) in 1 kg of polished Koshihikari rice grains 4 L of water was added and left at 20 ° C. for 18 hours.
Next, the rice grains were sifted to separate the precipitated calcium hydroxide, and the calcium hydroxide adhering to the surface was rinsed with distilled water to remove excess calcium hydroxide. The obtained rice grains were spread on a vat, air-dried at room temperature until the water content was about 30%, and pulverized with a test pulverizer. The obtained pulverized product was spread on a vat and air-dried at room temperature until the water content reached about 14%, thereby obtaining the modified rice grain pulverized product of the present invention.
As a pulverized rice grain for comparison, add 4 L of distilled water to 1 kg of Koshihikari rice grain, leave it for about 18 hours at about 20 ° C, and then drop the rice grain, rinse with distilled water, and air-dry until the water content is about 30% Then, it was pulverized with a test pulverizer and further air-dried to a moisture content of about 14%.

The modified rice grain pulverized product of the present invention and the comparative rice grain pulverized product were evaluated as cookies.
In a bowl, 40 g of unsalted butter brought to room temperature was stirred with an electric mixer for 90 seconds, 30 g of sucrose was added, and the mixture was further stirred with a mixer for 90 seconds. 30 g of chicken eggs which were well stirred and strained with a strainer were added and stirred for 60 seconds. To this, the modified pulverized rice grains of the present invention or the crushed rice grains for comparison were added, kneaded together by hand, wrapped in wraps, and allowed to sleep in a refrigerator at 4 ° C. for 30 minutes. The top and bottom of the dough were sandwiched between wraps, stretched to a thickness of about 0.4 cm, extracted with a round punch with a diameter of 3 cm, and placed on a baking sheet. Baking for 13 minutes in an electric oven heated to 200 ° C.
Cookies using the modified rice grain pulverized product of the present invention had a strong feeling and a deep color compared to those using the comparative rice grain pulverized product.

[Example 4; Evaluation as fried confectionery]
Distillation of 50 g of calcium hydroxide (equivalent to 5% (w / w) relative to raw material, equivalent to 1.25% (w / v) relative to distilled water) in 1 kg of polished Koshihikari rice grains 4 L of water was added and left at 20 ° C. for 18 hours.
Next, the rice grains were sifted to separate the precipitated calcium hydroxide, and the calcium hydroxide adhering to the surface was rinsed with distilled water to remove excess calcium hydroxide. The obtained rice grains were spread on a vat, air-dried at room temperature until the water content was about 30%, and pulverized with a test pulverizer. The obtained pulverized product was spread on a vat and air-dried at room temperature until the water content reached about 14%, thereby obtaining the modified rice grain pulverized product of the present invention.
As a pulverized rice grain for comparison, add 4 L of distilled water to 1 kg of Koshihikari rice grain, leave it for about 18 hours at about 20 ° C, and then drop the rice grain, rinse with distilled water, and air-dry until the water content is about 30% Then, it was pulverized with a test pulverizer and further air-dried to a moisture content of about 14%.

The modified rice grain pulverized product of the present invention and the comparative rice grain pulverized product were evaluated as fried confectionery. One egg (about 50 g) was mixed with 50 g of white sucrose, mixed well with a whisk, mixed with 10 g of salad oil, further mixed, and 50 ml of milk was mixed well. To this, 8 g of baking powder and 150 g of the modified rice grain pulverized product of the present invention or the comparative rice grain crushed product were added and mixed with a rubber spatula. About 20 g of dough was taken, formed into a round shape, poured into fried oil heated to 160 ° C., and heated for 3 minutes.
The deep-fried confectionery using the modified rice grain pulverized product of the present invention was darker in color, less swollen, and chewable than the one using the comparative rice grain pulverized product.

[Example 5: Evaluation as tempura powder]
Distillation of 50 g of calcium hydroxide (equivalent to 5% (w / w) relative to raw material, equivalent to 1.25% (w / v) relative to distilled water) in 1 kg of polished Koshihikari rice grains 4 L of water was added and left at 20 ° C. for 18 hours.
Next, the precipitated calcium hydroxide was separated by straining the rice grains, and the calcium hydroxide adhering to the surface was rinsed with distilled water to remove excess calcium hydroxide. The obtained rice grains were spread on a vat, air-dried at room temperature until the water content was about 30%, and pulverized with a test pulverizer. The obtained pulverized product was spread on a vat and air-dried at room temperature until the water content reached about 14%, thereby obtaining the modified rice grain pulverized product of the present invention.
As a pulverized rice grain for comparison, add 4 L of distilled water to 1 kg of Koshihikari rice grain, leave it for about 18 hours at about 20 ° C, and then drop the rice grain, rinse with distilled water, and air-dry until the water content is about 30% Then, it was pulverized with a test pulverizer and further air-dried to a moisture content of about 14%.

The modified rice grain pulverized product of the present invention and the comparative rice grain pulverized product were evaluated as tempura powder. 150 ml of water was added to one egg (about 50 g) and mixed well, and 120 g of the modified rice grain pulverized product of the present invention or the comparative rice grain crushed product was added thereto, and the mixture was mixed well to make a tempura. A tempura garment was put on a sweet potato cut to a thickness of about 10 mm, poured into fried oil heated to 160 ° C., and heated for 3 minutes.
The tempura garment using the pulverized rice grains for comparison did not leave the sweet potato greatly. It became a tempura.

[Example 6: Evaluation as popcorn]
Distilled with 100 g of corn kernels for popcorn suspended in 5 g of calcium hydroxide [equivalent to 5% (w / w) of raw material, equivalent to 1.25% (w / v) of distilled water] It was placed in 400 mL of water and left at 20 ° C. for 18 hours.
Next, the corn was thrown into the corn, the precipitated calcium hydroxide was separated, and the calcium hydroxide adhering to the surface was rinsed with distilled water to remove excess calcium hydroxide. The obtained corn grain was spread on a vat and air-dried at room temperature until the water content was about 15%, whereby the modified corn grain of the present invention was obtained. As a corn grain for comparison, it was placed in 400 mL of distilled water, allowed to stand at 20 ° C. for 18 hours, drained, and air-dried at room temperature until the water content was about 15%.

The modified corn grain of the present invention and the comparative corn grain were evaluated as popcorn. 20 g salad oil was put into a frying pan, 50 g of modified corn grain or comparative corn grain was put on the lid, and the frying pan was set on low heat. While shaking the frying pan so that the corn grains did not burn, heating was continued until the corn grains repelled.
The popcorn made from the modified corn grain of the present invention had a fragrance more fragrant than that of the comparative corn grain, but the texture was almost the same in both cases.

  The present invention relates to a modified grain or modified grain crushed material having improved various properties including water-absorbing characteristics such as water repellency, and a method for producing the same. Development to food and non-food is expected. In particular, it is expected that application development focusing on hydrophobicity and digestibility will accelerate.

Claims (9)

Using at least one of the grain from which at least a part of the hull or germ has been removed and the crushed grain as a raw material, the raw material consisting of the grain or the crushed grain is mainly composed of calcium hydroxide and water. A step of contact treatment with a solution or suspension (excluding those containing clay minerals) ; a step of separating the raw material after the contact treatment from the solution or suspension; a raw material after the separation treatment A method for producing a modified grain imparted with water repellency or a crushed grain of modified grain, characterized by comprising:
The “grain” in the “grain” or “grain crushed material” is rice grain, wheat grain, corn grain, barley grain, oat grain, rye grain, millet grain, millet grain, millet grain, buckwheat grain, And at least one kind of amaranth grains,
The “solution or suspension mainly composed of calcium hydroxide and water” has a ratio of calcium hydroxide to water of 1.25% (w / v) or more, and a grain or a crushed grain The abundance ratio of calcium hydroxide to 5% (w / w) or more,
The “contacting process” is performed in a temperature range of 0 to 30 ° C. for 1 minute to 24 hours ,
The method for producing a modified grain or a modified grain crushed product, wherein the “drying process” is to dry the “raw material after separation process” to a moisture content of 15% or less . The “step of separating from the solution or suspension” includes the grain or the crushed grain after the contacting step; an aqueous calcium hydroxide solution as a main component of the solution or suspension, undissolved calcium hydroxide particles The method for producing a modified grain or a modified grain crushed product according to claim 1, wherein the separated and recovered components are separated and recovered by the difference in size or specific gravity between them. As the “step of separating from the solution or the suspension”, the grain or the crushed grain after the contact treatment; the calcium hydroxide aqueous solution that is the main component of the solution or the suspension, the undissolved calcium hydroxide particles The modified grains according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the operation is performed to wash the obtained grains or the crushed grains after separating and recovering them according to the size difference or specific gravity difference between the two and the free components. A method for producing a grain or modified grain crushed material. The modified grain or modified grain crushed material which was provided with the water repellency obtained by the manufacturing method in any one of Claims 1-3 . 5. The modified grain or modified grain crushed material imparted with water repellency according to claim 4 , wherein any one or more of water absorption characteristics and digestive characteristics are modified and the amount of calcium is enhanced. The water-repellent-improved modified grain or modified grain crushed product according to claim 4 or 5 is treated with an acid, a chelating agent, ethanol or acetone, and the water-repellent property is lowered at an arbitrary timing. The water repellency control method of the modified grain or the modified grain crushed material characterized by the above-mentioned. 5. A flour using the modified grain crushed product imparted with water repellency according to claim 4 . A fried garment using the modified grain crushed material imparted with water repellency according to claim 4 . Using at least one of the grain from which at least a part of the hull or germ has been removed and the crushed grain as a raw material, the raw material consisting of the grain or the crushed grain is mainly composed of calcium hydroxide and water. A step of contact-treating the solution or suspension (excluding those containing clay minerals) ; a step of separating the raw material after the contact treatment from the solution or suspension; a raw material after the separation treatment A method for imparting water repellency to a grain or a crushed grain, characterized by comprising:
The “grain” in the “grain” or “grain crushed material” is rice grain, wheat grain, corn grain, barley grain, oat grain, rye grain, millet grain, millet grain, millet grain, buckwheat grain, And at least one kind of amaranth grains,
The “solution or suspension mainly composed of calcium hydroxide and water” has a ratio of calcium hydroxide to water of 1.25% (w / v) or more, and a grain or a crushed grain The abundance ratio of calcium hydroxide to 5% (w / w) or more,
The “contacting process” is performed in a temperature range of 0 to 30 ° C. for 1 minute to 24 hours ,
The method of imparting water repellency to a grain or a crushed grain, wherein the “drying step” is to dry the “raw material after separation treatment” to a moisture content of 15% or less .