JP6420679B2 - Seismic isolation device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a seismic isolation device, and more particularly to a seismic isolation device suitably used for a heavy superstructure.

  Conventionally, some of the response values to dynamic inputs such as earthquakes, winds or traffic vibrations to structures such as apartment buildings, office buildings, detached houses, bridges, etc. are reduced by seismic isolation devices, Various methods of controlling within a certain limit value are employed. Among them, one of the most promising methods is to attach a seismic isolation device inside or outside the structure and reduce the vibration response of the structure excited by dynamic input such as an earthquake by this seismic isolation device. It is.

  As the seismic isolation device, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses a first member between a first member fixed to an upper structure, a second member fixed to a lower structure, and the first member and the second member. The sliding member interposed so as to be relatively displaceable in the horizontal direction with respect to the first member and the second member while being in spherical contact with each of the member and the second member, and the elastic member as a whole in the vertical direction A seismic isolation device is proposed that includes a cover member (restoration member) that is formed in a cylindrical shape that extends to the top and that has a top end fixed to the first member so as to surround the sliding member and a bottom end fixed to the second member. ing.

  In the seismic isolation device described in Patent Document 1, when an earthquake occurs and the first member and the second member are displaced relative to each other in the horizontal direction, the sliding member slides between them to reduce friction. Can be obtained. Further, the first member, the second member, and the sliding member are returned to their original positions by the elasticity of the restoring member.

Japanese Patent No. 3249451

  However, when the seismic isolation device described in Patent Document 1 is used for a heavy upper structure, the vertical displacement of the first member and the second member is caused by the reaction force in the vertical direction when the restoring member sinks. In connection with this, the relative displacement in the horizontal direction of the first member and the second member is restricted, and the resulting friction damping force may be reduced.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a seismic isolation device capable of effectively obtaining a friction damping force even when used in a heavy superstructure.

  In order to achieve the above object, the seismic isolation device of the present invention includes an upper member fixed to the upper structure and having a convex spherical lower surface, a lower member fixed to the lower structure and having a convex spherical upper surface, And a concave spherical upper surface that contacts the convex spherical lower surface of the upper member and a concave spherical lower surface that opens downward and contacts the convex spherical upper surface of the lower member. A member and a periphery of the sliding member, one end is fixed to one of the upper member or the lower member, and the other end is a center of the convex spherical surface of the upper member and the convex spherical surface of the lower member When the center coincides with the other in the top view, the other member of the upper member or the lower member, a restoring member made of an elastic body having a gap, the other end of the restoring member, and the other of the upper member or the lower member And a restricting means for restricting the relative horizontal displacement.

  According to the present invention, frictional damping is obtained by sliding the sliding member while rotating between the convex spherical surfaces of the upper member and the lower member with respect to the relative vibration displacement of the upper member and the lower member. In addition, the upper member, the lower member, and the sliding member can be returned to their original positions by the elasticity of the restoring member. As a result, even when this seismic isolation device is used for a heavy superstructure, the sinking of the restoring member can be suppressed by the amount of the gap, and the vertical reaction force of the restoring member can be suppressed to be small, and the obtained friction A friction damping force can be effectively obtained while suppressing a decrease in the damping force.

  In the seismic isolation device, the convex spherical upper surface of the upper member and the concave spherical upper surface of the sliding member have the same curvature, and the convex spherical upper surface of the lower member and the concave spherical surface of the sliding member The lower surface can be made to have the same curvature. Thereby, while supporting an upper structure stably, the sliding stability between a sliding member and an upper member or a lower member can be maintained highly.

  In the seismic isolation device, the convex spherical lower surface of the upper member and the convex spherical upper surface of the lower member can be configured to have the same curvature.

  The said seismic isolation apparatus WHEREIN: The said convex spherical lower surface of the said upper member and the said convex spherical upper surface of the said lower member can be comprised so that a curvature may mutually differ. If the curvature radius is set large, the horizontal displacement amount can be secured large and the vertical displacement amount becomes small. If the curvature radius is set small, the horizontal displacement amount cannot be secured but the vertical displacement amount becomes large. That is, the horizontal displacement amount and the vertical displacement amount can be adjusted by adjusting the curvature radius. For example, by making the radius of curvature small, the amount of vertical displacement can be positively used, and by making the gap small, the amount of horizontal displacement can be constrained to be a device close to fixation (support). By using this, the seismic isolation device is used for a roof or the like, and the curvature radius of the convex spherical lower surface of the upper member is set to be smaller or larger than the curvature radius of the convex spherical upper surface of the lower member. The temperature expansion and contraction of the roof or the like can be released between the upper member or the lower member and the sliding member, and the seismic isolation function can be exhibited.

  In the seismic isolation device, the restoring member can be formed of a laminated rubber body in which rigid layers and rubber elastic layers are alternately laminated. Thereby, the vertical rigidity of the restoring member prevents the upper member and the lower member from exceeding a predetermined amount in the vertical direction, and the upper member and the lower member cannot move relative to each other in the horizontal direction. By abutting, the displacement of the upper member and the lower member exceeding a predetermined amount in the horizontal direction can be restricted without providing a separate stopper.

  Further, four of the restoring members can be arranged around the sliding member in a cross shape when viewed from above, and vibrations in all directions can be handled with a simple configuration. On the other hand, the restoring member may be formed in a cylindrical shape or a rectangular tube shape so as to surround the sliding member.

  In the seismic isolation device, the restricting means may be a restricting member fixed to the other of the upper member or the lower member and surrounding the other end of the restoring member.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, even if it uses for the heavy superstructure, the seismic isolation apparatus which can obtain friction damping force effectively can be provided.

It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows 1st Embodiment of the seismic isolation apparatus concerning this invention. It is the schematic which shows the example of installation of the seismic isolation apparatus shown in FIG. 1, Comprising: (a) is a front view, (b) is an AA arrow line view of (a). It is operation | movement explanatory drawing of the seismic isolation apparatus of FIG.1 and FIG.2. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows 2nd Embodiment of the seismic isolation apparatus concerning this invention. It is a bottom view which shows the example of installation of the sliding apparatus shown in FIG. 4, and a decompression | restoration apparatus.

  Next, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a seismic isolation device according to the present invention. The seismic isolation device 1 includes an upper member 2, a lower member 3, a sliding member 4, a restoring member 5, and a regulating member. 6 and so on, and is mounted between the upper structure 10 and the lower structure 20 as shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the upper member 2 has a convex spherical lower surface 2a on the lower surface, and the lower member 3 has a convex spherical upper surface 3a on the upper surface, and the convex spherical lower surface 2a and the convex spherical surface. The upper surface 3a faces each other. The convex spherical lower surface 2a and the convex spherical upper surface 3a have the same radius of curvature R. For the hemispherical portion having the convex spherical lower surface 2a and the hemispherical portion having the convex spherical upper surface 3a, a stainless steel material, a steel material coated with a lubricating film, a plated steel material, or the like may be used. it can.

  The sliding member 4 is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape as a whole, has a concave spherical upper surface 4a that opens upward with the same curvature as the convex spherical lower surface 2a of the upper member 2, and a convex spherical shape of the lower member 3. It has a concave spherical lower surface 4b that opens downward with the same curvature as the upper surface 3a. The sliding member 4 may be formed in a columnar shape as a whole. For the sliding surface of the sliding member 4, a resin-based material such as a fluororesin, an union cloth-based material, a bearing plate (including a solid lubricant), or the like can be used according to a desired coefficient of friction.

  The restoring member 5 is, for example, a rectangular parallelepiped laminated rubber body in which a rigid layer such as a thin steel plate and an elastic layer such as a rubber plate are alternately laminated in the vertical direction. When the center of the convex spherical surface of the upper member 2 and the center of the convex spherical surface of the lower member 3 coincide with each other when viewed from above, four upper ends 5a and the lower surface of the upper member 2 are arranged in a cross shape (see FIG. 2). The lower end surface 5 b is fixed to the upper surface of the lower member 3. The number of restoring members 5 is not limited to four, but may be three or five or more, and the restoring members 5 are formed in a cylindrical shape or a rectangular tube shape so as to surround the sliding member 4. You can also

  The regulating member 6 is formed of metal or the like so as to surround the upper end portion of the restoring member 5 in order to regulate the relative displacement in the horizontal direction between the upper end surface 5 a of the restoring member 5 and the upper member 2. Fixed. If the restoring member 5 is a rectangular parallelepiped shape, the regulating member 6 has a rectangular recess surrounding the restoring member 5, and if the restoring member 5 is cylindrical or rectangular, the regulating member 6 is a cylindrical restoring member 5. A cylindrical recess or a rectangular tube-shaped recess that surrounds.

  Next, operation | movement of the seismic isolation apparatus 1 which has the said structure is demonstrated, referring centering on FIG. The white arrow in the figure indicates the moving direction of the upper member 2.

  When a horizontal force F in the right direction is applied to the upper member 2 (FIG. 3A) and the horizontal force F becomes larger than the static friction force between the upper member 2 and the lower member 3 and the sliding member 4, the sliding member 4 slides on the convex spherical lower surface 2a of the upper member 2 and the convex spherical upper surface 3a of the lower member 3 while rotating clockwise between the upper member 2 and the lower member 3 by friction damping. Seismic isolation (Fig. 3 (b)).

  When the horizontal force F is unloaded in the state of FIG. 3B, the sliding is performed so that the upper member 2, the lower member 3, and the sliding member 4 are returned to their original positions by the restoring force of the restoring member 5 that has been elastically deformed. The moving member 4 slides while rotating counterclockwise, and the upper member 2, the lower member 3, and the sliding member 4 return to their original positions (FIG. 3C).

  When the horizontal force F in the left direction is applied to the upper member 2 from the state of FIG. 3C, and the horizontal force F becomes larger than the static friction force between the upper member 2 and the lower member 3 and the sliding member 4, The moving member 4 slides on the convex spherical lower surface 2a of the upper member 2 and the convex spherical upper surface 3a of the lower member 3 while rotating counterclockwise between the upper member 2 and the lower member 3. Seismic isolation is achieved by friction damping (Fig. 3 (d)).

  Further, when the horizontal force F is unloaded in the state of FIG. 3D, the upper member 2, the lower member 3, and the sliding member 4 are returned to their original positions by the restoring force of the elastically deforming restoring member 5. The sliding member 4 slides while rotating clockwise, and the upper member 2, the lower member 3, and the sliding member 4 return to their original positions (FIG. 3E).

  Here, since a gap exists between the lower surface of the upper member 2 and the upper end surface 5a of the restoring member 5, the sinking of the restoring member 5 can be suppressed by this gap, and the weight of the upper structure 10 is large. Even in such a case, it is possible to suppress the reaction force in the vertical direction of the restoring member 5 to be small, to effectively obtain the friction damping force by suppressing the decrease in the friction damping force to be obtained, and to suppress the excessive deformation of the restoring member 5 to restore. Damage to the member 5 can be prevented.

  The restoring member 5 also plays a role of restricting relative displacement of the upper member 2 and the lower member 3 exceeding a predetermined amount in the horizontal direction. When a load exceeding a predetermined size is applied to the upper structure 10, the vertical rigidity of the upper member 2 and the lower member 3 is suppressed by the vertical rigidity of the restoring member 5, and the upper member 2 and the lower member 3 are horizontal. By abutting the sliding member 4 so as not to be relatively movable in the direction, relative displacement exceeding a predetermined amount in the horizontal direction of the upper member 2 and the lower member 3 can be prevented without providing a separate stopper.

  As an example of use of the seismic isolation device 1, in order to apply the seismic isolation device 1 to a heavy roof and escape the thermal expansion and contraction of the roof, the curvature radius of the convex spherical lower surface 2 a of the upper member 2 is changed to the lower member. 3 is set smaller than the convex spherical upper surface 3a. The contact area between the sliding member 4 and the upper member 2 or the lower member 3 is smaller as the curvature radius of the convex spherical lower surface 2a or the convex spherical upper surface 3a is smaller. It escapes between the convex spherical upper surface 3a of the lower member 3 and the sliding member 4, and a large vibration such as an earthquake is attenuated by the frictional force between the convex spherical upper surface 3a of the lower member 3 and the sliding member 4. Can be made.

  The curvature radius R of the convex spherical lower surface 2a of the upper member 2 and the convex spherical upper surface 3a of the lower member 3 and the gap between the upper member 2 and the upper end surface 5a of the restoring member 5 are set as follows. can do.

Normally, the maximum deflection angle ω of the column is set to 1/150 or less. Therefore, in consideration of this, the horizontal movement amount δh is set with ω = 1/150, and the horizontal movement amount δh = 3 mm. From 1 and Equation 2, R = 450 mm. Since the hemisphere exists in the upper member 2 and the lower member 3, the radius of one sphere is 2R = 900 mm.
θ = tan ⁻¹ ω Equation 1
sinθ = δh / R Equation 2

Here, the sinking amount δv can be obtained from Equation 3, and δv = 0.01 mm. The clearance between the upper member 2 and the upper end surface 5a of the restoring member 5 is set in consideration of the sinking amount δv and the properties of the restoring member 5.
δv = R (1-cos θ) Equation 3

  Next, the difference in operation between when the radius of curvature of the convex spherical lower surface 2a of the upper member 2 and the convex spherical upper surface 3a of the lower member 3 is small and large will be described.

  When the radius of curvature is small, the amount of subsidence of the upper member 2 when the upper member 2 and the lower member 3 move relative to each other in the horizontal direction increases, so that the rotational motion of the sliding member 4 becomes dominant. .

  On the other hand, when the radius of curvature is large, the amount of subsidence of the upper member 2 when the upper member 2 and the lower member 3 move relatively in the horizontal direction is reduced, so that the horizontal movement of the sliding member 4 is dominant. become.

  In the above embodiment, the convex spherical lower surface 2a of the upper member 2 and the concave spherical upper surface 4a of the sliding member 4 have the same curvature, and slide with the convex spherical upper surface 3a of the lower member 3. The concave spherical lower surface 4b of the member 4 has the same curvature, so that the upper structure 10 can be stably supported, and the sliding stability between the sliding member 4 and the upper member 2 or the lower member 3 is stable. However, it is not necessarily limited to the same curvature, and the convex spherical lower surface 2a of the upper member 2 and the concave spherical upper surface 4a of the sliding member 4 or the convex of the lower member 3 are not necessarily limited to the same curvature. The spherical upper surface 3a and the concave spherical lower surface 4b of the sliding member 4 may be slightly different.

  Further, the upper member 2 is provided with the restricting member 6 that protrudes downward. However, the upper member 2 is provided with a concave portion (regulating means), and the concave portion surrounds the upper end portion of the restoring member 5. The member 6 can also be omitted.

  Next, a second embodiment of the seismic isolation device according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  This embodiment shows the case where the restoring member 5 of the seismic isolation device 1 shown in FIG. 1 is made independent, and the same reference numerals are given to the same components as those in FIG. The upper member 2, the lower member 3, and the sliding member 4 are referred to as a sliding device 31, and the upper member 42, the lower member 43, and the restoring member 44 are referred to as a restoring device 41. The sliding device 31 and the restoring device 41 are mounted between the upper structure 10 and the lower structure 20.

  In the restoration device 41, the restoration member 44 is disposed between the upper member 42 and the lower member 43, and illustration thereof is omitted, but the upper end surface is fixed to the lower surface of the upper member 42 as in the restoration member 5 of FIG. 1. In the case where the center of the convex spherical surface of the upper member 2 and the center of the convex spherical surface of the lower member 3 coincide with each other when viewed from above, a gap is provided between the upper end surface and the upper member 42. Further, the relative displacement in the horizontal direction between the upper end surface of the restoring member 44 and the upper member 42 is regulated by a regulating member (not shown). Therefore, even when the weight of the upper structure 10 is large, the restoration member 44 can be prevented from sinking by the gap, the vertical reaction force of the restoration member 44 can be kept small, and the resulting friction damping force can be reduced. It is possible to effectively obtain a friction damping force while suppressing.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the sliding devices 31 are arranged in two rows in the vertical direction of the paper, three in each row, and a restoring device 41 is arranged between these sliding devices 31, so that It can function as a seismic isolation device. The number and arrangement of the sliding device 31 and the restoring device 41 are not limited to this.

  In the above-described embodiment, the laminated rubber body as the restoring members 5 and 44 is exemplified. However, an elastic body such as rubber formed in a cylindrical shape as a whole can be used in addition to the laminated rubber body.

  In addition to the seismic isolation device 1, a further effect can be expected by adopting a vibration control device for the upper structure 10.

1 seismic isolation device 2 upper member 2a convex spherical lower surface 3 lower member 3a convex spherical upper surface 4 sliding member 4a concave spherical upper surface 4b concave spherical lower surface 5 restoring member 5a upper end surface 5b lower end surface 6 regulating member 10 Upper structure 20 Lower structure 31 Sliding device 41 Restoring device 42 Upper member 43 Lower member 44 Restoring member

Claims (8)

An upper member fixed to the superstructure and having a convex spherical lower surface;
A lower member fixed to the lower structure and having a convex spherical upper surface;
A slide having an upper concave surface that contacts the convex spherical lower surface of the upper member and a concave spherical lower surface that opens downward and contacts the convex spherical upper surface of the lower member. A moving member;
It is arranged around the sliding member, one end is fixed to one of the upper member or the lower member, and the other end is the center of the convex spherical surface of the upper member and the center of the convex spherical surface of the lower member. A restoration member made of an elastic body having a gap with the other of the upper member or the lower member when matching in top view;
A seismic isolation device comprising: a regulating means for regulating relative horizontal displacement between the other end of the restoring member and the other of the upper member or the lower member.   The convex spherical lower surface of the upper member and the concave spherical upper surface of the sliding member have the same curvature, and the convex spherical upper surface of the lower member and the concave spherical lower surface of the sliding member The seismic isolation device according to claim 1, which has the same curvature.   The seismic isolation device according to claim 1, wherein the convex spherical lower surface of the upper member and the convex spherical upper surface of the lower member have the same curvature.   The seismic isolation device according to claim 1, wherein the convex spherical lower surface of the upper member and the convex spherical upper surface of the lower member have different curvatures.   The seismic isolation device according to claim 1, wherein the restoring member is a laminated rubber body in which rigid layers and rubber elastic layers are alternately laminated.   The seismic isolation device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein four of the restoring members are arranged in a cross shape around the sliding member in a top view.   The seismic isolation device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the restoring member is formed in a cylindrical shape or a rectangular tube shape so as to surround the sliding member.   The seismic isolation device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the restricting means is a restricting member fixed to the other of the upper member or the lower member and surrounding the other end of the restoring member. .

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