JP6414142B2 - Culture temperature control device, culture observation device, and culture temperature control method - Google Patents

Description

  The present technology relates to a culture temperature control device, a culture observation device, and a culture temperature control method related to temperature control of a culture vessel that can observe an observation object while being cultured.

When observing an observation object such as a cell while alive, a culture container that enables observation while culturing the observation object is used. The culture container is configured to be able to adjust the temperature, humidity, gas (CO _2, etc.) partial pressure and the like in order to maintain an environment suitable for culturing the observation object (hereinafter, culture environment). The observation object is generally accommodated in each well of a well plate (a plate provided with a plurality of wells), and is maintained in a culture environment by accommodating the well plate in a culture vessel.

  Here, it is desirable that the culture vessel can make the culture environment of each well as uniform as possible. This is because if the culture environment varies depending on the wells, the growth rate of the cells to be observed is different, which is inappropriate for observation. For example, Patent Literature 1 discloses a culture container provided with a “transparent heating plate” disposed on the bottom surface of a well plate. The bottom surface of the well plate is uniformly heated by the heat generating plate, and the culture environment can be made uniform.

JP-A-10-28576

  However, even when a heat generating plate as described in Patent Document 1 is used, the heat generated by the heat generating plate itself may cause temperature unevenness and the culture environment may not be uniform. In particular, since the heat generating plate is disposed on the bottom surface of the well plate, the heat generating plate needs to be transparent for observation, and the structure of the heat generating element is considered to be restricted.

  In addition, the culture container is often opened frequently for exchanging the well plate, etc. In order to maintain the culture environment when the culture container is opened, the heating plate is controlled with high accuracy. It is necessary, and the responsiveness of the heat generating plate is also a problem.

  In view of the circumstances as described above, an object of the present technology is to provide a culture temperature control device, a culture observation device, and a culture temperature control method suitable for maintaining a culture environment.

In order to achieve the above object, a culture temperature control apparatus according to an embodiment of the present technology includes a housing, a first heater, a temperature sensor, and a control unit.
The housing includes a first substrate and a second substrate facing the first substrate.
The first heater is disposed on the first substrate.
The temperature sensor detects a temperature in the casing.
The control unit includes a first temperature control unit and a second temperature control unit that can adjust the first heater, and the second temperature control unit is configured to release the second temperature from the first temperature control unit when the casing is opened. Control to switch to the key.
The first temperature adjustment unit adjusts the temperature of the first heater based on a target temperature and a temperature detected by the temperature sensor.
The second temperature adjustment unit adjusts the temperature of the first heater by on / off control.

  According to this configuration, while the culture space (inside the casing) is closed, the first temperature adjustment unit adjusts the temperature of the first heater based on the target temperature and the temperature detected by the temperature sensor. When the culture space is opened, the second temperature control unit adjusts the temperature of the first heater by on / off control. The first temperature control unit can accurately adjust the temperature of the first heater based on the target temperature and the temperature detected by the temperature sensor. When the culture space is opened, the second temperature control unit However, it is possible to quickly return the temperature of the culture space to the target temperature by on / off control. Therefore, the main culture temperature control apparatus can accurately maintain the temperature in the culture space including opening and closing of the culture space, and is suitable for observing the observation object while culturing.

  The first temperature adjustment unit may adjust the temperature of the first heater by PID control.

  PID (Proportinal / Integral / Differential) control is feedback control for eliminating the difference between the measured temperature and the target temperature. Although precise temperature adjustment is possible, it takes time to reach the target temperature. According to the above configuration, when the culture space is opened, it is possible to quickly return to the target temperature by the on / off control. Therefore, it does not matter that time is required for the temperature adjustment by the PID control.

  The second temperature control unit may turn on the first heater in response to the opening of the casing, and may turn off the first heater after a predetermined time has elapsed.

  If the first heater is kept on after the culture space is opened, the temperature in the culture space rises too much. Therefore, the temperature in the culture space is maintained within a certain range by turning it off after a predetermined time. It becomes possible.

  The control unit may control to switch from the second temperature control unit to the first temperature control unit before the casing is closed.

  After the culture space is opened and the second temperature control unit brings the temperature in the culture space close to the target temperature by on / off control, the first temperature control unit can accurately adjust the temperature.

  The first temperature control unit may turn off the first heater in response to the closure of the casing, and turn it on after a predetermined time.

The culture temperature control device further includes an open / close detection unit that detects open / close of the housing,
The control unit may control the first heater in response to detection of opening / closing by the opening / closing detection unit.

  The control unit controls the second temperature control unit to turn on the first heater when the housing is opened, and to turn off after a predetermined time has elapsed. After the predetermined time has elapsed, the control unit controls the second temperature control unit. You may control the said 1st temperature control part so that the temperature of a 1st heater may be adjusted.

  The controller may control the first temperature controller and the second temperature controller so that the first heater is turned off when the housing is closed.

The culture temperature control apparatus further includes a second heater disposed on the second substrate,
The control unit may control the second heater.

  By heating the culture space with the second heater in addition to the first heater, the temperature in the culture space can be quickly brought close to the target temperature.

  The second substrate may be made of a transparent member having optical transparency.

  The first substrate may be made of a transparent member having optical transparency.

The housing can store a well plate containing cells,
The temperature sensor may be disposed in at least one well in the well plate.

  The housing may include a main body portion and a lid portion configured to be openable and closable with respect to the main body portion, and the lid portion may be provided with an opening for fitting the second substrate.

In order to achieve the above object, a culture observation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present technology includes a light source unit, an imaging unit, and a culture temperature control unit.
The light source unit irradiates a cell with light.
The imaging unit captures an image of the cell.
The culture temperature control unit includes a housing including a first substrate and a second substrate facing the first substrate, a first heater disposed on the first substrate, A culture temperature control unit comprising a temperature sensor for detecting temperature, and a control unit including a first temperature control unit and a second temperature control unit capable of adjusting the first heater;
The control unit controls to switch from the first temperature control unit to the second temperature control unit when the housing is opened,
The first temperature adjustment unit adjusts the temperature of the first heater based on a target temperature and a temperature detected by the temperature sensor,
The second temperature adjustment unit adjusts the temperature of the first heater by on / off control.

The culture observation apparatus further includes a stage disposed between the light source unit and the imaging unit,
The stage may be configured to support the housing.

To achieve the above object, a culture temperature control method according to an aspect of the present technology includes a housing including a first substrate and a second substrate facing the first substrate, and the first substrate. A first heater arranged, a temperature sensor for detecting a temperature in the housing, and a first temperature for adjusting a temperature of the first heater based on a target temperature and a temperature detected by the temperature sensor; A culture temperature control device is provided that includes a control unit and a second temperature control unit that adjusts the temperature of the first heater by on / off control.
Control is performed to switch from the first temperature control unit to the second temperature control unit when the housing is opened.

  As described above, according to the present technology, it is possible to provide a culture temperature control device, a culture observation device, and a culture temperature control method that are suitable for maintaining a culture environment.

It is a schematic diagram of the culture observation apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram of the culture container which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram of the 1st transparent member of the same culture container. It is a schematic diagram of the well plate accommodated in the culture container. It is a schematic diagram which shows the form at the time of use of the same culture container. It is a graph which shows the change of the temperature of each heater provided in the culture container which concerns on a comparative example, and an observation target object. It is a table | surface which shows the liquid water level of the culture container which concerns on 1st Embodiment, and the temperature fall amount of an observation target object. It is a schematic diagram of the culture container which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram of the culture container which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram of the culture container which concerns on 4th Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram of the culture container which concerns on 4th Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram of the culture container which concerns on 5th Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram of the culture container which concerns on 6th Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram of the culture observation apparatus which concerns on 7th Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the temperature distribution in the 1st transparent member of the culture observation apparatus. It is a schematic diagram of the culture observation apparatus which concerns on 8th Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows arrangement | positioning of the infrared irradiation part with respect to the aperture ring in the culture observation apparatus. It is a schematic diagram which wets the functional structure of the control part of the culture observation apparatus which concerns on 9th Embodiment. It is a graph which shows the measurement temperature before and behind opening | closing of a cover part in the culture observation apparatus. It is a graph which shows the measurement temperature before and behind opening | closing of a cover part in the culture observation apparatus. It is a graph which shows the measurement temperature before and behind opening | closing of a cover part in the culture observation apparatus. It is a schematic diagram which shows the well which installed the temperature sensor which concerns on an Example, and the temperature sensor provided in the well. It is a schematic diagram which shows the water level of the liquid which concerns on an Example. It is a table | surface which shows the measured value which concerns on an Example. It is a table | surface which shows the measured value which concerns on an Example. It is a graph which shows the measured value which concerns on an Example.

(First embodiment)
The culture observation apparatus and the culture container according to the first embodiment of the present technology will be described.

[Configuration of culture observation apparatus]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a culture observation apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment. As shown in the figure, the culture observation apparatus 1 includes an illumination light source 11, an optical fiber 12, an illumination optical system 13, a stage 14, a microscope optical system 15, an image sensor 16, and a control unit 17. On the stage 14, a culture container 20 containing an observation object (cells or the like) is placed. The culture observation apparatus 1 can be a phase contrast microscope capable of capturing a phase contrast image of an observation object (cells or the like).

  The illumination light source 11 can use any light source such as a halogen lamp. The illumination light source 11 can be controlled by the control unit 17 such as the light emission timing. The optical fiber 12 transmits the illumination light emitted from the illumination light source 11 to the illumination optical system 13. Any optical fiber 12 can be used.

  The illumination optical system 13 adjusts the illumination light transmitted from the optical fiber 12 to uniform illumination light suitable for generating a phase difference image. The illumination optical system 13 may include a first lens 131, a second lens 132, a ring diaphragm 133, and a condenser lens 134. The first lens 131 and the second lens 132 are field lenses or the like generally required for an illumination optical system. Although described in detail later, the ring diaphragm 133 is a plate-like member provided with a ring-shaped slit, and restricts the illumination light that has passed through the first lens 131 and the second lens 132. The condenser lens 134 is a lens that condenses the illumination light that has passed through the lens diaphragm 133 onto the observation target.

  The stage 14 supports the culture vessel 20 and adjusts the position of the culture vessel 20. The stage 14 is preferably movable by a motor or the like in the vertical direction (direction along the optical axis) and the horizontal direction (direction perpendicular to the optical axis). The stage 14 can be driven by the control unit 17 to move the culture vessel 20.

  The microscope optical system 15 forms a phase difference image from light irradiated from the illumination optical system 13 and transmitted through the culture vessel 20 (observation object accommodated in the culture vessel 20). The microscope optical system 15 can include an objective lens, a phase difference plate, an imaging lens, and the like (not shown).

  The image sensor 16 captures a phase difference image of the observation object imaged by the microscope optical system 15. The imaging device 16 can be a CCD (Charge Coupled Device) image sensor or a CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) image sensor. The output of the image sensor 16 can be supplied to the control unit 17.

  The control unit 17 is an information processing apparatus or the like, and supplies a control signal to the stage 14 and other components to control imaging of the observation target and generate a phase difference image from the output of the imaging element 16. Moreover, although the detail is mentioned later, the control part 17 can also acquire the environment (temperature etc.) of the culture container 20, and shall control the environment.

  The culture observation apparatus 1 has the above configuration. In addition, the structure of the culture observation apparatus 1 mentioned above is an example, and it can also be set as the structure different from this. For example, instead of the image sensor 16, an eyepiece lens or the like for a human to observe an observation object with the naked eye may be provided.

[Composition of culture vessel]
The culture vessel 20 that can be used in the culture observation apparatus 1 described above will be described. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the culture vessel 20. The culture container 20 is configured to accommodate the well plate 30 therein. 2A shows the culture container 20 in which the well plate 30 is accommodated, and FIG. 2B shows the well plate 30 and the culture container 20 separately.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the culture vessel 20 includes a housing member 21, a first transparent member 23, a second transparent member 22, a sealing ring 24, and a waterproof member 25. A space (referred to as a culture space) is formed by the casing member 21, the first transparent member 23, and the second transparent member 22.

The casing member 21 forms a culture space together with the first transparent member 23 and the second transparent member 22.
The shape of the housing member 21 is not particularly limited, and may be a cylindrical shape or a rectangular parallelepiped shape. The material of the housing member 21 is not particularly limited, but may be made of synthetic resin or the like.

  The housing member 21 can be composed of a lid portion 211 and a main body portion 212, and the well plate 30 can be replaced by opening and closing the lid portion 211 with respect to the main body portion 212. The lid portion 211 and the main body portion 212 can be configured to be opened and closed by, for example, a hinge (not shown). The lid portion 211 is provided with an opening for fitting the second transparent member 22, and the main body portion 212 is provided with an opening for fitting the first transparent member 23.

  The lid portion 211 is provided with a gas supply hole 213 and a gas discharge hole 214. The gas supply hole 213 is connected to a gas source (gas cylinder or the like) (not shown) so as to supply a predetermined gas (for example, carbon dioxide) to the culture space. The gas discharge hole 214 is configured to be able to discharge the gas in the culture space. The gas supply hole 213 and the gas discharge hole 214 are configured to be closed when not in use.

  The first transparent member 23 is fitted into the opening of the main body portion 212 and forms the bottom surface of the culture space. The first transparent member 23 is a member on which the well plate 30 accommodated in the culture space is placed. The first transparent member 23 can be made of a light-transmitting material such as glass or synthetic resin. The first transparent member 23 has a size that is opposed to most or all of the well plate 30 so that the illumination light transmitted through the well plate 30 (observation object accommodated therein) reaches the microscope optical system 15. Is preferred.

  The first transparent member 23 can be a heater that can be maintained at a predetermined temperature. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the first transparent member 23. As shown in the figure, the first transparent member 23 can be configured such that a transparent conductive film 232 is formed on a transparent plate 231 having optical transparency. The transparent conductive film 232 is connected to the electrode 233 and generates heat upon receiving power supply from the electrode 233. Note that the first transparent member 23 is not limited to such a configuration, and may be any configuration that has light transmittance and can generate heat. None) that can generate heat is preferred.

  The second transparent member 22 is fitted into the opening of the lid portion 211 and faces the first transparent member 23. The second transparent member 22 can be made of a light transmissive material such as glass or synthetic resin. The second transparent member 22 has a size facing most or all of the well plate 30 so that the illumination light emitted from the illumination optical system 13 reaches the well plate 30 (observation object accommodated in the well plate 30). Is preferred. The second transparent member 22 can be a heater that can be maintained at a predetermined temperature similarly to the first transparent member 23.

  The sealing ring 24 is disposed between the lid portion 211 and the main body portion 212 of the housing member 21, and seals the culture space between them. The sealing ring 24 can be an annular member made of an elastic material such as rubber.

  The waterproof member 25 prevents leakage of a liquid (described later) between the first transparent member 23 and the main body portion 212, and allows the liquid to be injected into the culture space. The waterproof member 25 may be a synthetic resin applied to the joint between the first transparent member 23 and the main body portion 212 after the first transparent member 23 is fitted into the main body portion 212. In addition, the waterproof member 25 can be configured to prevent liquid leakage between the first transparent member 23 and the main body portion 212.

[About well plate]
The well plate 30 accommodated in the culture space will be described. As the well plate 30, a commercially available well plate can be used. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the well plate 30. FIG. 4A is a perspective view of the well plate 30, and FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view of the well plate 30. As shown in the figure, the well plate 30 has a plurality of wells 31 arranged two-dimensionally. Each well 31 has the same hole diameter and depth, and is configured to be able to accommodate an observation object (cell or the like) in each well 31. Each well 31 can also contain a cell culture solution and the like together with the observation object.

In the well plate 30, a skirt 32 is provided on the outer periphery of the well 31.
The skirt 32 is longer (higher) than the depth of each well 31, that is, formed so that the bottom surface of each well 31 is separated from the mounting surface of the well plate 30.

  There is also a well plate in which the skirt 32 is not provided. FIG. 4C is a schematic diagram showing the well plate 30 in which the skirt 32 is not provided. In this case, the bottom surface of each well 31 is in contact with the mounting surface of the well plate 30.

  In the present embodiment, any of the well plate having the skirt 32 and the well plate not having the skirt 32 can be used as the well plate 30. The well plate 30 is placed on the first transparent member 23 by being accommodated in the culture vessel 20. Therefore, in the case of the well plate 30 provided with the skirt 32, the bottom surface of the well 31 is separated from the first transparent member 23. In the case of the well plate 30 not provided with the skirt 32, the bottom surface of the well 31 is the first. Contact the transparent member 23.

[Usage form of culture vessel]
The usage pattern of the culture vessel 20 having the above-described configuration will be described. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the culture container 20 in use.

  As shown in the figure, the culture space of the culture vessel 20 contains the liquid L together with the well plate 30. Each well 31 of the well plate 30 accommodates an observation object S (a medium containing cells or the like). The liquid L is preferably a liquid having a high thermal conductivity, for example, water, and in particular, distilled water degassed by a deaeration device is preferable in order to prevent generation of bubbles. As shown in the figure, the amount of the liquid L is preferably such that the circumference of each well 31 of the well plate 30 is filled, and details will be described later.

[Effect of this embodiment]
The effect of the culture container 20 according to the present embodiment will be described. For comparison, a culture vessel (hereinafter referred to as culture vessel α) that does not inject the liquid L into the culture space is used.

  Changes in the culture environment in the culture vessel α were confirmed as follows. The culture vessel α is housed in a heat insulation chamber (25 ° C.) capable of maintaining temperature and humidity, and a sensor for measuring temperature and humidity is provided in the culture vessel α, and culture is performed based on the output. It is assumed that the container α and the heater provided on the stage are feedback-controlled.

  FIG. 6 is a graph showing changes in temperature of each heater (transparent member) provided in the culture vessel α and the observation object when the culture vessel α is opened. The opening of the culture container α means that the lid part 211 is opened with respect to the main body part 212 in the culture container 20 according to the present embodiment, and the opening for exchanging the well plate 30 is assumed. .

  As shown in the figure, when the culture container α is opened while the culture space of the culture container α is maintained at a predetermined condition (temperature of 37 ° C.), the temperature of the culture space decreases. For this reason, each heater increases the calorific value in order to maintain the culture environment. However, the heating of the heater is not in time for the change of the culture environment (temperature decrease), and the temperature of the observation object is temporarily lowered by 1.5 ° C. Similarly, when the culture vessel α is closed, the temperature of the object to be observed temporarily rises because the temperature of the heater cannot be lowered instantaneously.

  Thus, in the culture container α according to the comparative example, even if each heater is feedback-controlled, it cannot follow the change of the culture environment, and the observation target may be affected by the change of the culture environment. As a result, if a cell or the like, which is an observation object, is damaged, a serious influence is exerted on the subsequent observation.

  On the other hand, in the culture container 20 according to the present embodiment, the change of the culture environment is suppressed by injecting the liquid L into the culture space. FIG. 7 is a table showing the water level of the liquid L and the temperature decrease amount of the observation object accommodated in the well 31. FIG. 7A shows a temperature drop amount for the well plate 30 provided with the skirt 32 (see FIG. 4), and FIG. 7B shows a temperature drop amount for the well plate 30 not provided with the skirt 32. Note that the distance between the bottom surface of the well 31 and the first transparent member 23 in the well plate 30 according to FIG. 7A is 7 mm, and 0 mm (contact) in the well plate 30 according to FIG. 7B.

  As shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, it can be seen that the temperature drop amount of the observation object is decreased by the liquid L. It can also be seen that the amount of temperature decrease is smaller as the distance between the bottom surface of the well 31 and the first transparent member 23 is shorter and the water level of the liquid L is higher. Thereby, damage to the observation object due to the change of the culture environment does not occur, that is, the observation object can be maintained in a state suitable for observation.

  As described above, the culture container 20 according to the present embodiment is configured such that the liquid L can be injected into the culture space, and the culture container α is opened by the high thermal conductivity of the liquid L injected into the culture space. It is possible to suppress the change of the culture environment when it is performed.

(Second Embodiment)
[Composition of culture vessel]
A culture vessel according to a second embodiment of the present technology will be described. The culture observation apparatus can be the same as in the first embodiment. FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the culture vessel 40 according to the present embodiment.

  As shown in the figure, the culture vessel 40 according to the present embodiment includes a housing member 21, a second transparent member 22, a first transparent member 23, a sealing ring 24, and a waterproof member 25 similar to those in the first embodiment. In addition, a side heater 41 is provided. The liquid L is injected into the culture space as in the first embodiment.

  The side heater 41 is a heater arranged in a ring around the well plate 30 when the well plate 30 is accommodated in the culture space. As the side heater 41, a ribbon heater or a rubber heater can be used. The side heater 41 is set to a predetermined temperature (for example, 37 ° C.) by the control unit 17 (see FIG. 1).

  In 1st Embodiment, the fluctuation | variation of the culture environment when the culture container 20 was open | released was suppressed by inject | pouring the liquid L into culture | cultivation space. Furthermore, in this embodiment, it is possible to realize a uniform culture environment in the plane of the well plate 30.

  Specifically, for each well 31 of the well plate 30, the temperature of the well 31 on the outer peripheral side (peripheral portion) may be lower than the temperature of the well 31 on the inner peripheral side (center portion). This is probably because the temperature distribution generated because the heat flows from the first transparent member 23 to the other end of the electrode is directly transmitted to the well 31. Here, in the present embodiment, by heating the outer periphery of the well plate 30 by the side heater 41, the temperature decrease of the outer peripheral side well 31 is prevented and the temperature difference between the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side well 31 is suppressed. (See examples). In this test, the first transparent member 23 having the same size as the well plate 30 was used. However, the first transparent member 23 had a large outer diameter, and the well plate had a flat temperature distribution in the center. When 30 is disposed, the temperature distribution of the first transparent member 23 does not affect the well plate 30. However, at this time, the temperature of the outer peripheral portion rises with respect to the inner peripheral portion due to the effect of vaporization of the culture medium (contained in the observation object S) in the well 31, and this effect becomes remarkable. By injecting the liquid L around the well plate 30, the degree of vaporization of the outer peripheral portion and the inner peripheral portion of the well plate 30 is made substantially the same due to the influence of humidity due to the vaporization of the liquid L, and the temperature of the outer peripheral portion and the inner peripheral portion. The difference can be suppressed (see FIG. 26).

(Third embodiment)
[Composition of culture vessel]
A culture vessel according to a third embodiment of the present technology will be described. The culture observation apparatus can be the same as in the first embodiment. FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a culture vessel 50 according to the present embodiment.

  As shown in the figure, the culture vessel 50 according to this embodiment includes a housing member 21, a second transparent member 22, a first transparent member 23, a sealing ring 24, and a waterproof member 25 similar to those in the first embodiment. In addition, a well plate support member 51 is provided. Unlike the first embodiment, the liquid L is not injected into the culture space.

  The well plate support member 51 is joined to the main body portion 212 and configured to be able to support the well plate 30 while being separated from the first transparent member 23. The well plate support member 51 can be made of a highly heat-insulating material.

  The well plate support member 51 prevents the well plate 30 from coming into contact with the first transparent member 23, thereby preventing uneven heat conduction from the first transparent member 23 to the skirt 32. Thereby, it is possible to suppress a temperature difference between the well 31 on the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side of the well plate 30. In this case, since there is no liquid L, the optical distance between the microscope optical system 15 and the observation object S does not matter.

(Fourth embodiment)
[Composition of culture vessel]
A culture vessel according to a fourth embodiment of the present technology will be described. The culture observation apparatus can be the same as in the first embodiment. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing a culture vessel 60 according to the present embodiment. FIG. 10A is a cross-sectional view of the culture vessel 60, and FIG. 10B is a plan view of a part of the configuration of the culture vessel 60.

  As shown in the figure, the culture vessel 60 according to this embodiment includes the same housing member 21, second transparent member 22, first transparent member 23, sealing ring 24, and waterproofing member 25 as in the first embodiment. In addition, a porous member 61 is provided. The liquid L is injected into the culture space as in the first embodiment.

  The porous member 61 is a member made of a porous material, for example, a humidity control building material, and is disposed so as to contact the liquid surface of the liquid L around the well plate 30. The porous member 61 may be joined to the main body portion 212 and may be suspended on the liquid surface of the liquid L.

  The porous member 61 may be provided with an injection hole 611 for injecting the liquid L, so that the liquid L can be injected using the injection hole 611 after the porous member 61 is arranged. It becomes.

  The porous member 61 provides the following effects. That is, as described above, the culture container 60 moves when the stage 14 is driven, and it is conceivable that the liquid surface of the liquid L rippled due to this movement and the liquid L is mixed into the well 31. Here, in the present embodiment, since the liquid surface L is covered with the porous member 61, it is possible to prevent the liquid L from being mixed into the well 31. On the other hand, since the porous member 61 can transmit the vapor | steam of the liquid L by the porous, the effect which suppresses the fluctuation | variation of the culture environment by the liquid L is not prevented.

Further, the culture vessel 60 may have a scattering prevention member in addition to the porous member 61. FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing a culture vessel 60 having a scattering prevention member 62. FIG. 11A is a cross-sectional view of the culture vessel 60, and FIG. 11B is a plan view of a part of the configuration of the culture vessel 60.
As shown in the figure, the scattering prevention member 62 is joined to the porous member 61 and disposed so as to cover the peripheral edge of the well plate 30. The scattering prevention member 62 can be made of a flexible material such as a rubber sheet. The scattering prevention member 62 can prevent the liquid L from scattering from between the porous member 61 and the well plate 30 and mixing into the well 31.

(Fifth embodiment)
[Composition of culture vessel]
A culture vessel according to a fifth embodiment of the present technology will be described. The culture observation apparatus can be the same as in the first embodiment. FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing a culture vessel 70 according to the present embodiment. FIG. 12A is a cross-sectional view of a partial configuration of the culture vessel 70, and FIG. 12B is a plan view of a partial configuration of the culture vessel 70.

  The culture container 70 according to the present embodiment includes a casing member 21, a second transparent member 22, a sealing ring 24, and a waterproof member 25 similar to those in the first embodiment (see FIG. 5), as shown in FIG. Thus, the configuration of the second transparent member 71 is different. The second transparent member 71 has a notch 711.

  The notch 711 is formed at a position where the skirt 32 of the well plate 30 contacts the second transparent member 71. In the figure, the notches 711 are provided at four locations, but the present invention is not limited to this. The notch 711 allows the liquid L to flow between the well plate 30 and the second transparent member 71 quickly even when the liquid L is injected after the well plate 30 is installed.

(Sixth embodiment)
[Composition of culture vessel]
A culture vessel according to a fifth embodiment of the present technology will be described. The culture observation apparatus can be the same as in the first embodiment. The culture container 80 according to the present embodiment includes the same housing member 21, the second transparent member 22, the sealing ring 24, and the waterproof member 25 as in the first embodiment (see FIG. 5). The configuration of is different. FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the second transparent member 81 of the culture vessel 80 according to the present embodiment.

  As shown in the drawing, the second transparent member 81 is different from the first transparent member 23 (see FIG. 3) according to the first embodiment in that the transparent plate 811 having light transmissivity is part of the transparent plate 811. A transparent conductive film 812 may be formed for each region (shown by a broken line). The transparent conductive film 812 formed in each partial region is connected to a pair of electrodes 813 for each partial region, and generates heat when supplied with power from the electrode 813. By configuring the second transparent member 81 in such a configuration, it becomes possible to adjust the heat generation temperature for each partial region, and also from the point of the heat generation temperature of the first transparent member 23, each well 31 in the well plate 30 can be adjusted. It is possible to make the culture environment (temperature) uniform. In particular, by providing a temperature sensor (not shown) for each partial region or for each well 31, feedback control for each partial region is also possible.

(Seventh embodiment)
[Configuration of culture observation apparatus]
A culture observation apparatus according to the seventh embodiment of the present technology will be described. FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the culture observation apparatus 90 according to the present embodiment. As shown in the figure, the culture observation apparatus 90 is similar to the culture observation apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment. The illumination light source 11, the optical fiber 12, the illumination optical system 13, the stage 14, the microscope optical system 15, and the image sensor. 16 and a control unit 17. Furthermore, the culture observation apparatus 90 includes a blower mechanism 91 in addition to these components. The culture observation apparatus 90 can be set with any of the culture containers shown in the first to sixth embodiments. Here, the culture container 20 according to the first embodiment is taken as an example. explain.

  As shown in FIG. 14, the air blowing mechanism 91 sends the air from the periphery of the microscope optical system 15 to the first transparent member 23 of the culture vessel 20. The blower mechanism 91 may be a nozzle connected to a gas source such as a gas cylinder or may be a blower mechanism including a fan. As shown in FIG. 14, the blower mechanism 91 may be two units arranged so as to sandwich the microscope optical system 15, but one or more units may be provided.

  By blowing air to the first transparent member 23 by the blower mechanism 91, it becomes possible to make the heat generation temperature of the first transparent member 23 uniform. FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram showing a temperature distribution in the first transparent member 23. FIG. 15A shows the temperature distribution when air is not blown by the blower mechanism 91, and FIG. 15B shows the temperature distribution when air is blown by the blower mechanism 91.

  As shown in FIG. 15A, when the air blowing mechanism 91 is not provided, in the first transparent member 23, a temperature difference is generated between the central portion and the peripheral portion of the first transparent member 23. This is because heat flows along the surface direction (direction perpendicular to the thickness) of the first transparent member 23. Here, as shown in FIG. 15 (b), when the blower mechanism 91 blows air to the first transparent member 23, the temperature difference between the central portion and the peripheral portion of the first transparent member 23 decreases. This is considered to be because the lower surface (outside of the culture vessel) of the first transparent member 23 was cooled by blowing air, and the direction of heat flow became the thickness direction.

  Thus, in the culture observation apparatus 90 according to the present embodiment, the heat generation temperature of the first transparent member 23 can be made uniform, that is, the culture environment of each well 31 of the well plate 30 can be made uniform. Is possible.

(Eighth embodiment)
[Configuration of culture observation apparatus]
A culture observation apparatus according to the eighth embodiment of the present technology will be described. FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of the culture observation apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment. As shown in the figure, the culture observation apparatus 100 is similar to the culture observation apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment. The illumination light source 11, the optical fiber 12, the stage 14, the microscope optical system 15, the image sensor 16, and the control unit 17. However, the configuration of the illumination optical system is different. The culture observation apparatus 100 further includes an infrared light source 102 and an optical fiber 103. The culture observation apparatus 90 can be set with any of the culture containers shown in the first to sixth embodiments. Here, the culture container 20 according to the first embodiment is taken as an example. explain.

  The infrared light source 102 is a light source that generates infrared light, and an arbitrary light source such as a halogen lamp can be used. The optical fiber 103 transmits infrared rays emitted from the infrared light source 102 to the illumination optical system 104.

  The illumination optical system 104 can include a first lens 1041, a second lens 1042, a ring diaphragm 1043, an infrared irradiation unit 1044, and a condenser lens 1045. Similar to the first embodiment, the first lens 1041, the second lens 1042, the ring diaphragm 1043, and the condenser lens 1045 irradiate the observation object with the illumination light generated in the illumination light source 11 and transmitted by the optical fiber 12. This is an optical system.

  The infrared irradiation unit 1044 is an optical system that is connected to the optical fiber 103 and irradiates the second transparent member 22 of the culture vessel 20 with infrared rays transmitted from the optical fiber 103. The infrared irradiation unit 1044 can be composed of a kaleidoscope or a fly array lens.

  The infrared irradiation unit 1044 can be arranged with a predetermined positional relationship with the aperture ring 1043. FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the infrared irradiation unit 1044 with respect to the aperture ring 1043. As shown in the figure, the infrared irradiation unit 1044 can be disposed on the inner side of the slit of the aperture ring 1043 on the observation object (culture vessel 20) side of the aperture ring 1043.

  With such a configuration, the illumination optical system 104 irradiates the culture vessel 20 with infrared light together with illumination light for phase difference imaging. By setting the infrared irradiation unit 1044 and the ring diaphragm 1043 to the above positional relationship, the optical axes of the illumination light A1 and the infrared light A2 shown in FIG. 16 can be made the same.

  Here, the second transparent member 22 (see FIG. 5) of the culture vessel 20 is made of a material having infrared absorptivity, so that the second transparent member 22 is irradiated by infrared rays irradiated from the infrared irradiation unit 1044. It is possible to generate heat. Thereby, when the culture vessel 20 is opened, the culture space can be heated from the second transparent member 22 in addition to the first transparent member 23, and the culture environment can be easily maintained. Furthermore, by adjusting the distance between the lenses of the illumination optical system 104, the intensity distribution of the illumination light on the second transparent member 22 can be adjusted, and the temperature distribution can be adjusted.

  Moreover, in the culture observation apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment, a blower mechanism that blows air to the first transparent member 23 may be provided as in the seventh embodiment. By the blowing mechanism, the heat generation temperature of the first transparent member 23 can be made uniform, and the culture environment can be made uniform.

(Ninth embodiment)
[Configuration of culture observation apparatus]
A culture observation apparatus according to the ninth embodiment of the present technology will be described. The culture observation apparatus 110 according to this embodiment includes a control unit 1101 having the following configuration. The culture observation apparatus 110 can have the same configuration as the culture observation apparatus 1 (see FIG. 1) according to the first embodiment except for the control unit 1101. The culture observation apparatus 110 can be set with any of the culture containers shown in the first to sixth embodiments. Here, the culture container 20 according to the first embodiment is taken as an example. explain.

  FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram illustrating a functional configuration of the control unit 1101. As shown in the figure, the control unit 1101 includes a heater power supply 1102, a switching unit 1103, a first temperature controller 1104, a second temperature controller 1105, a counting unit 1106, a clock signal generation unit 1107, an upper lid opening / closing switch 1108, a power An on / off time setting unit 1109 is included. The culture container 20 is provided with a temperature sensor 1110 that measures the temperature of the well 31. The second temperature controller 1105 may be a volume adjustment knob provided in the first temperature controller 1104.

  19 to 21 are graphs showing measured temperatures of the temperature sensor 1110 before and after the upper lid (lid portion 211) is opened. FIG. 19 shows the temperature change accompanying the opening of the upper lid when the liquid L is not injected into the culture vessel 20. The amount of temperature drop at this time was 2.5 ° C. This is because even if the response Differential of PID (Proportinal / Integral / Differential) control of the first temperature controller 1104 of the first transparent member 23 is set to the maximum (fastest), it cannot catch up with the temperature drop due to the vaporization of the medium.

  Therefore, FIG. 20 shows the result obtained by the logic shown in FIG. 18 from the conventional temperature control mechanism. Here, except when the upper cover is opened, the PID control of the first temperature controller 1104 is performed, and when the cover is closed, the second temperature controller 1105 is switched to the on / off control with quick response.

  However, if it is left as it is, the power is turned on until it reaches the control temperature as shown in FIG. Therefore, FIG. 21 shows the result of controlling the heater power supply 1102 by turning it off at a fixed time after the power is turned on. As a result, the amount of temperature decrease is improved to about 1 ° C. (There is no problem with PID control of the first temperature controller 1104 in a state where the upper lid is not opened and closed. Here, the second temperature controller 1105 is a temperature controller, but this function is not impaired even if the “output adjustment means” of the heater power supply 1102 is used.

  Since the temperature rises after the upper lid is closed, another power-off time ((2) in FIG. 17) is provided. Furthermore, when it is desired to reduce the temperature rise amount, the heater power supply 1102 of the second transparent member 22 may be turned off simultaneously. These control times are determined by the clock signal generated by the clock signal generation unit 1107 and the counting by the counting unit 1106.

  The signal for opening / closing the upper lid may be replaced with a signal provided with an electric switch for the upper lid opening / closing switch 1108. The clock signal generation unit 1107 may be a crystal oscillator, for example, and the counting unit 1106 may be a counter circuit or the like. Switching between the first temperature controller 1104 and the second temperature controller 1105 is performed using a switching unit 1103. For example, a normal relay circuit or a multiplexer may be used.

  As described above, in this embodiment, the control unit 1101 switches between PID control and on / off control, and controls the heating temperature of the first transparent member 23 to open the culture environment when the lid portion 211 is opened. Can be reduced.

  Examples of the above embodiments will be described. In the following measurement, a temperature sensor was installed in a specific well 31 of the well plate 30 to measure the temperature of water (substitute medium) injected into the well 31. FIG. 22 shows a well 31 provided with a temperature sensor and numbers corresponding to the temperature sensor provided in the well. As shown in FIG. 23, the distance between the bottom surface of the well 31 and the first transparent member 23 is a distance B1, and the water level of the liquid L (from the first transparent member 23) is a water level B2.

  24 and 25 are tables showing measured values of the temperature sensor (see FIG. 22) measured under each condition, and FIG. 26 is a graph showing measured values of the temperature sensor when a porous member is arranged. . As can be seen from the measurements 1, 2, and 3, it is understood that the shorter the distance B1, the better the temperature unevenness. In measurement result 1, the temperature at the outer periphery of the well plate is low. This tends to directly reflect the temperature distribution of the first transparent member 23, and as shown in the measurement result 1- (1) by installing the side heater 41 (see the second embodiment), the outer circumference with respect to the inner circumference portion. The temperature drop of the part can be suppressed.

  On the other hand, in the measurements 2 and 3, the temperature distribution of the first transparent member 23 is indirectly seen, but the temperature of the outer periphery of the well plate is higher than the inner periphery of the well plate. This is the same for the measurements 4 and 5 in which the liquid L is not injected, and the reason will be described later. In the case of Measurements 4 and 5, although the temperature unevenness is relatively small, the temperature drop is large (1.5 ° C. in Measurement 4 and about 2.5 ° C. in Measurement 5). On the other hand, when the well plate 30 having the skirt 32 (see FIG. 3) is used, the temperature measurement result when the skirt 32 is raised by the well plate support member 51 as shown in FIG. 9 is shown in FIG.

  In the measurement 6, the temperature unevenness has direction dependency, whereas in the measurement 7, the temperature unevenness is improved. This is due to uneven heat conduction due to the contact of the skirt 32 with the first transparent member 23, and it was confirmed that the temperature unevenness was improved by the well plate support member 51. Therefore, in the case of the measurement 8 in which the liquid L is directly added, the temperature unevenness is worsened.

  When the liquid L is put in a state where the skirt 32 is raised, the optical distance between the microscope optical system 15 and the observation object becomes too long, and optical aberration becomes a problem. Therefore, the side heater 41 is used in the measurements 9 and 10. . In measurement 10, when the side heater 41 was 37 ° C., the temperature unevenness was improved.

  In the measurements 2, 3, 4, and 5, the temperature of the outer peripheral portion of the well plate 30 is high due to the vaporization of the ambient environmental humidity. It is confirmed that the temperature of the outer peripheral portion of the well plate 30 matches the temperature of the inner peripheral portion as shown in FIG. Here, the same water as the ambient temperature is used instead of the medium).

  In addition, this technique can also take the following structures.

(1)
A housing including a first substrate and a second substrate facing the first substrate;
A first heater disposed on the first substrate;
A temperature sensor for detecting the temperature in the housing;
A control unit including a first temperature control unit and a second temperature control unit capable of adjusting the first heater;
The control unit controls to switch from the first temperature control unit to the second temperature control unit when the housing is opened,
The first temperature adjustment unit adjusts the temperature of the first heater based on a target temperature and a temperature detected by the temperature sensor,
The culture temperature control device, wherein the second temperature adjustment unit adjusts the temperature of the first heater by on / off control.

(2)
The culture temperature control apparatus according to (1) above,
The culture temperature control device, wherein the first temperature control unit adjusts the temperature of the first heater by PID control.

(3)
The culture temperature control apparatus according to (1) or (2) above,
The culture temperature control device, wherein the second temperature control unit turns on the first heater in response to the opening of the housing and turns off the first heater after a predetermined time has elapsed.

(4)
The culture temperature control apparatus according to any one of (1) to (3) above,
The said control part is controlled to switch from the said 2nd temperature control part to the said 1st temperature control part before obstruction | occlusion of the said housing | casing.

(5)
The culture temperature control apparatus according to (4) above,
The culture temperature control device, wherein the first temperature control unit turns off the first heater in response to the closure of the casing, and turns on the first heater after a predetermined time has elapsed.

(6)
The culture temperature control apparatus according to any one of (1) to (5) above,
Further comprising an open / close detection unit for detecting opening / closing of the housing,
The said control part is a culture | cultivation temperature control apparatus which controls the said 1st heater according to the detection of the opening / closing in the said opening / closing detection part.

(7)
The culture temperature control apparatus according to any one of (1) to (6) above,
The control unit controls the second temperature control unit to turn on the first heater when the casing is opened, and to turn off after a predetermined time, and after the predetermined time has elapsed, A culture temperature control device for controlling the first temperature control unit so as to adjust the temperature of the first heater.

(8)
The culture temperature control apparatus according to (7) above,
The culture temperature control device, wherein the control unit controls the first temperature control unit and the second temperature control unit so that the first heater is turned off when the housing is closed.

(9)
The culture temperature control apparatus according to any one of (1) to (8) above,
A second heater disposed on the second substrate;
The said control part is a culture | cultivation temperature control apparatus which controls the said 2nd heater.

(10)
The culture temperature control apparatus according to any one of (1) to (9) above,
The culture temperature control device, wherein the second substrate is made of a transparent member having optical transparency.

(11)
The culture temperature control apparatus according to any one of (1) to (10) above,
The culture temperature control apparatus, wherein the first substrate is made of a transparent member having optical transparency.

(12)
The culture temperature control apparatus according to any one of (1) to (11) above,
The housing can store a well plate containing cells,
The temperature sensor is arranged in at least one well in the well plate.

(13)
The culture temperature control apparatus according to any one of (1) to (12) above,
The housing includes a main body portion and a lid portion configured to be openable and closable with respect to the main body portion, and the lid portion is provided with an opening for fitting the second substrate. Culture temperature control apparatus.

(14)
A light source unit for irradiating the cells with light;
An imaging unit that captures an image of the cell;
A housing including a first substrate and a second substrate facing the first substrate, a first heater disposed on the first substrate, and a temperature sensor for detecting a temperature in the housing; A culture temperature control unit comprising a control unit including a first temperature control unit and a second temperature control unit capable of adjusting the first heater,
The control unit controls to switch from the first temperature control unit to the second temperature control unit when the housing is opened,
The first temperature adjustment unit adjusts the temperature of the first heater based on a target temperature and a temperature detected by the temperature sensor,
The culture observation apparatus, wherein the second temperature adjustment unit adjusts the temperature of the first heater by on / off control.

(15)
The culture observation apparatus according to (14) above,
A stage disposed between the light source unit and the imaging unit;
The culture observation apparatus, wherein the stage is configured to support the casing.

(16)
A housing including a first substrate and a second substrate facing the first substrate;
A first heater disposed on the first substrate;
A temperature sensor for detecting the temperature in the housing;
A first temperature adjustment unit that adjusts the temperature of the first heater based on a target temperature and a temperature detected by the temperature sensor;
A second temperature adjustment unit for adjusting the temperature of the first heater by on / off control;
A culture temperature control device comprising:
A culture temperature control method for controlling to switch from the first temperature control unit to the second temperature control unit when the casing is opened.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 90, 100, 110 ... Culture observation apparatus 20, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80 ... Culture container 21 ... Housing member 22 ... Second transparent member 23 ... First transparent member 25 ... Waterproof member 30 ... Well plate

Claims (13)

A first substrate having optical transparency and a second substrate having optical transparency opposite to the first substrate, and a well plate can be stored between the first substrate and the second substrate A culture temperature control device that adjusts the temperature of a culture vessel provided with a housing configured to :
A first heater disposed on the first substrate;
A temperature sensor for detecting a temperature of a well of the well plate in the housing;
A control unit including a first temperature control unit and a second temperature control unit capable of adjusting the first heater;
The control unit switches from the first temperature control unit to the second temperature control unit when the casing is opened, turns on the second temperature control unit during the opening period , and a predetermined time elapses. Control to turn off later,
The first temperature adjustment unit adjusts the temperature of the first heater based on PID control ,
The second temperature control unit adjusts the temperature of the first heater by on / off control. The culture temperature control device according to claim 1,
The control unit controls the second temperature adjustment unit to be in an on state during the opening period and to be in an off state after a predetermined time has elapsed, and after the temperature is stabilized, the second temperature adjustment unit performs the first temperature control from the second temperature adjustment unit. A culture temperature control device that controls to switch to a temperature control unit. The culture temperature control device according to claim 1 or 2 ,
The control unit controls the switching to the second temperature control unit when the casing is closed, and further controls the second temperature control unit to be turned off after a predetermined time has elapsed from the closing time. apparatus. The culture temperature control device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 ,
A culture temperature control device further comprising an open / close detection unit for detecting open / close of the housing. The culture temperature control device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 ,
A culture temperature control apparatus further comprising a second heater disposed on the second substrate. The culture temperature control apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5 ,
The housing includes a main body part and a lid part configured to be openable and closable with respect to the main body part, and the lid part is provided with an opening for fitting the second substrate. apparatus. A light source unit for irradiating light to cells;
An imaging unit that captures an image of the cell;
A first substrate having optical transparency and a second substrate having optical transparency opposite to the first substrate, and a well plate can be stored between the first substrate and the second substrate A culture vessel comprising a housing configured in
A stage disposed between the light source unit and the imaging unit, a first heater disposed on the first substrate, and a temperature sensor for detecting a temperature of a well of the well plate in the housing; A culture temperature control unit comprising a control unit including a first temperature control unit and a second temperature control unit capable of adjusting the first heater;
The control unit switches from the first temperature control unit to the second temperature control unit when the casing is opened, turns on the second temperature control unit during the opening period , and a predetermined time elapses. Control to turn off later,
The first temperature adjustment unit adjusts the temperature of the first heater based on PID control ,
The second temperature adjustment unit adjusts the temperature of the first heater by on / off control,
The culture observation apparatus, wherein the stage is configured to support the casing. A first substrate having optical transparency and a second substrate having optical transparency opposite to the first substrate, and a well plate can be stored between the first substrate and the second substrate A culture vessel comprising a housing configured in
A first heater disposed on the first substrate;
A temperature sensor for detecting a temperature of a well of the well plate in the housing;
Preparing a culture temperature control device comprising: a control unit including a first temperature control unit and a second temperature control unit capable of adjusting the first heater;
The control unit switches from the first temperature control unit to the second temperature control unit when the casing is opened, turns on the second temperature control unit during the opening period , and a predetermined time has elapsed. Control to turn off later,
The first temperature adjustment unit adjusts the temperature of the first heater based on PID control ,
The culture temperature control method, wherein the second temperature adjustment unit adjusts the temperature of the first heater by on / off control. The culture temperature control device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 ,
A culture temperature control device further comprising a clock signal generation unit and a counting unit for measuring a control time of the control unit. The culture temperature control device according to claim 9 ,
The clock signal generation unit is a culture temperature control device including a crystal oscillator. The culture temperature control device according to claim 9 or 10 ,
The culture temperature control device, wherein the counting unit is composed of a counter circuit. The culture temperature control device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 and 9 to 11 ,
A culture temperature control device further comprising a switching unit that switches between the first temperature control unit and the second temperature control unit. The culture temperature control device according to claim 12 ,
The switching unit is a culture temperature control device comprising a relay circuit or a multiplexer.