JP6404289B2 - Accident prevention management system - Google Patents
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Description
本発明は、事故予防管理システムに関する。 The present invention relates to an accident prevention management system.
従来、過去に発生した事故と類似の事故が再発するのを防止するための事故再発防止システムが提案されている（特許文献１参照）。 Conventionally, an accident recurrence prevention system for preventing an accident similar to an accident that has occurred in the past from occurring has been proposed (see Patent Document 1).
特許文献１記載の事故再発防止システムは、過去に事故を起こした業務と同じ状況で業務を行う作業元に、過去の事故の情報を送ることにより、作業現場での危険予知に活用して、設備の改善等を事前に行って、事故の再発を防止するものである。
しかし、事故対応の重要性の優先順位の判断や事故再発防止策の立案は、作業現場（作業者）に委ねられていた。即ち、危険性の高い事故を防止する上で特に厳重に注意しなければならない作業工程がどこなのか、また、その作業工程でどのような事故再発防止策をとるべきなのか、の決定は、人の勘と経験に頼っていた。
従って、事故再発防止策を立案した人によっては、業務の作業工程上で厳しく管理する項目が不必要に多くなり、過剰品質の事故予防を行って、作業効率が低下してしまう虞れがあった。逆に、業務の作業工程上で十分な事故再発防止策が取られずに、過去の事故と同じ事故を繰り返す虞れがあった。
The accident recurrence prevention system described in Patent Document 1 is used for risk prediction at the work site by sending information on past accidents to the work source that performs the work in the same situation as the work that caused the accident in the past. The facility will be improved in advance to prevent the recurrence of the accident.
However, it was left to the work site (worker) to determine the priority of the importance of accident response and to formulate measures to prevent accident recurrence. In other words, the decision of where the work process that must be particularly careful in preventing high-risk accidents, and what kind of accident recurrence prevention measures should be taken in that work process, Relyed on people's intuition and experience.
Therefore, depending on the person who drafted measures to prevent the recurrence of accidents, the number of items to be strictly managed in the work process of the business becomes unnecessarily large, and there is a possibility that excessive quality accident prevention will be performed and work efficiency will be reduced. It was. On the contrary, there is a possibility that the same accident as the past accident may be repeated without taking sufficient measures to prevent the recurrence of accidents in the work process.
そこで、本発明は、過去に経験した事故の教訓を十分に活かし、適切な作業工程上の重要管理点に、必要かつ十分な事故再発防止策を決定する事故予防管理システムを提供することを目的とする。 Therefore, the present invention aims to provide an accident prevention management system that makes full use of lessons learned from accidents experienced in the past and determines necessary and sufficient accident recurrence prevention measures at important management points in an appropriate work process. And
本発明に係る事故予防管理システムは、過去に発生した多数の事故についての発生時の事故状況によって分類されたデータを、各上記各事故の事故状況を端的に表わすキーワードとともに記憶する事故記憶手段と、上記各事故による影響度と発生頻度に対応するリスクレベルを記憶するリスクレベル記憶手段と、上記各事故の危害要因を低減・除去するための作業工程上の重要管理点を記憶する重要管理点記憶手段と、上記各事故の作業工程上の重要管理点で講じるべき事故再発防止策を記憶する事故再発防止策記憶手段と、上記事故状況と同じ状況下で業務を行う際、上記キーワードの入力により、該入力されたキーワードに対応する業務の作業工程上の重要管理点に於ける事故再発防止策を、上記事故再発防止策記憶手段にて記憶した上記事故再発防止策のデータから、抽出して、決定する事故再発防止策決定手段と、を有するコンピュータを具備し、上記事故再発防止策の決定は、上記リスクレベル記憶手段に入力されたリスクレベルに応じて、危険性の高い事故を引き起こす虞のある業務についての事故再発防止策を優先して、行われるように構成し、さらに、上記事故再発防止策決定手段によって決定された事故再発防止策を出力する出力手段を、具備するものである。 The accident prevention management system according to the present invention comprises an accident storage means for storing data classified according to accident situations at the time of occurrence for a number of accidents that occurred in the past together with keywords that briefly represent the accident situation of each of the accidents. , Risk level storage means for storing the risk level corresponding to the degree of impact and frequency of occurrence of each accident, and important control points for storing important control points in the work process for reducing / removing the hazard factors of each accident Storage means, accident recurrence prevention measure storage means for memorizing the accident recurrence prevention measures to be taken at the important control points in the work process of each accident, and input of the above keywords when performing business under the same situation as the accident situation Accordingly, on the in accident preventive measures in critical control points on the working process of the operations corresponding to the keyword is the input, stored in the accident preventive measures storage means An accident recurrence prevention measure deciding means that is extracted from the data of the accident recurrence prevention measures and decides the computer, and the determination of the accident recurrence prevention measures is performed at the risk level input to the risk level storage means. Accordingly, the accident recurrence prevention measures for work that may cause a high-risk accident are given priority, and the accident recurrence prevention measures determined by the accident recurrence prevention measure determination means are implemented. Output means for outputting is provided.
本発明の事故予防管理方法によれば、従来のように人の勘と経験に頼らず、事故を防止する上で最適な業務の作業工程上の重要管理点に、必要かつ十分な事故再発防止策を決定できる。事故による影響度が大きく、かつ、発生頻度の高い、危険性（リスクレベル）の高い事故を引き起こす虞のある業務に、優先的に対応して、特に重大な事故の再発を防止することができる。このように、コンピュータへの簡単な入力作業によって、自動的に、業務上の事故を防ぐための最適な事故再発防止策の決定を行うことができる。 According to the accident prevention management method of the present invention, it is necessary and sufficient to prevent accident recurrence at an important management point in the work process optimal for preventing an accident without relying on human intuition and experience as in the past. Can decide It is possible to prevent the recurrence of a particularly serious accident by giving priority to operations that may cause accidents with high impact and high frequency of occurrence and high risk (risk level). . As described above, it is possible to automatically determine an optimal accident recurrence prevention measure for preventing a business accident by a simple input operation to a computer.
以下、実施の形態を示す図面に基づき本発明を詳細に説明する。
本発明の事故予防管理システムを用いた事故予防管理方法の概略をフローチャート図として図２に示すと共に、事故記憶工程Ａと、リスクレベル記憶工程Ｂと、重要管理点記憶工程Ｃと、事故再発防止策記憶工程Ｄと、事故再発防止策決定工程Ｅと、については、図１に具体的に示す。
なお、図２に示すように、リスクレベル記憶工程Ｂと重要管理点記憶工程Ｃと事故再発防止策記憶工程Ｄの時間的前後は順不同である。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings illustrating embodiments.
An outline of an accident prevention management method using the accident prevention management system of the present invention is shown in FIG. 2 as a flowchart, and an accident storage process A, a risk level storage process B, an important control point storage process C, and an accident recurrence prevention The measure storing step D and the accident recurrence prevention measure determining step E are specifically shown in FIG.
In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, the order of time of the risk level storage process B, the important control point storage process C, and the accident recurrence prevention measure storage process D is in no particular order.
図１と図２に於て、事故記憶工程Ａは、過去に発生した多数の事故のデータを、コンピュータに、予め入力して記憶させる工程である。
本発明に於て、「過去に発生した多数の事故」とは、実際に大きな人的被害・器物的被害を発生させた重大事故、及び、小さな人的被害・器物的被害で済んだ軽微な事故、さらに、重大事故を引き起こす虞のある事例（ヒヤリ・ハット事例）をも包含する。
1 and 2, the accident storage process A is a process in which data of many accidents that have occurred in the past are input and stored in advance in a computer.
In the present invention, “a large number of accidents that occurred in the past” refers to a serious accident that actually caused a large human or physical damage, and a minor human or physical damage. It also includes accidents and cases that may cause serious accidents (near-miss cases).
事故記憶工程Ａでは、多数の事故のデータを、発生時の事故状況によって分類して、体系的に整理して入力する。
具体的には、事故発生時の作業者の行動や、事故が発生した場所・作業工程を、「事故状況」として、過去の事故の内容と伴に、コンピュータに入力する。また、事故記憶工程Ａに於て、各事故の発生時の事故状況を端的に表わすキーワードを、コンピュータに入力して記憶させる。
なお、上記事故状況の他に、事故を起こした作業者の名前、所属営業所、経験年数、経験職種、作業者の癖、事故歴、病歴、気質として注意すべき点等を入力しても良く、また、事故が発生した日付（季節）や時刻、作業に係わっていた人数、作業のスケジュールを含むこともある。さらに、作業当日に至るまでの作業者の勤務状況や、夜勤・当直の有無等の事故発生前の状況や、得意先（客先）の特徴、要望事項等が併せて入力されても良い。
In the accident memory process A, a large number of accident data are classified according to the accident situation at the time of occurrence, systematically arranged and input.
Specifically, the behavior of the worker at the time of the accident and the place / work process where the accident occurred are input to the computer as the “accident situation” along with the contents of the past accident. In the accident storage process A, a keyword that briefly indicates the accident situation at the time of occurrence of each accident is input to the computer and stored.
In addition to the above accident situation, you can enter the name of the worker who caused the accident, the sales office, the years of experience, the type of experience, the habit of the worker, the accident history, medical history, points to be aware of as temperament, etc. It may also include the date (season) and time when the accident occurred, the number of people involved in the work, and the work schedule. Furthermore, the work status of the worker up to the day of work, the situation before the occurrence of an accident such as night shift / on / off, etc., the characteristics of the customer (customer), the requested items, etc. may be input together.
リスクレベル記憶工程Ｂは、事故記憶工程Ａにて入力された各事故の影響度と発生頻度に対応するリスクレベルＬを、コンピュータに入力して記憶させる工程である。
例えば、事故の影響度と発生頻度の評価基準を、次の表１に示すように設定する。
The risk level storage process B is a process in which the risk level L corresponding to the degree of influence and occurrence frequency of each accident input in the accident storage process A is input and stored in the computer.
For example, the evaluation criteria for the degree of accident influence and the frequency of occurrence are set as shown in Table 1 below.
リスクレベル記憶工程Ｂに於て、事故の影響度・発生頻度を夫々に３段階で評価する。
事故の影響度が最も大きいのは、お客様に迷惑がかかるもの、あるいは、作業者に怪我等をもたらすものであり、中程度なのは、お客様対応における不手際、対応の不備にあたるものであり、影響度が最も小さいのは、お客様への影響がほとんどないものである。
また、事故の発生頻度は、月に１回〜複数回にわたって日常的に発生するものを発生頻度の高いものとし、２〜３カ月に１回は発生するものを中程度の発生頻度とし、１年に１回発生するかしないかのごくまれなものを発生頻度が低いものとする。
In risk level storage process B, the degree of impact and frequency of accidents are evaluated in three stages.
Accidents have the greatest impact on the customer or cause injury to the operator, while the moderate impact is due to a lack of customer response or inadequate response. The smallest ones have little impact on customers.
In addition, the frequency of occurrence of accidents is one that occurs once to several times a month on a daily basis, the frequency of occurrence is high, and the frequency that occurs once every two to three months is moderate. The rare occurrence of whether or not it occurs once a year is assumed to be infrequent.
図３は横軸に発生頻度をとり、縦軸に影響度をとって示したグラフ図であって、図３に示すように、事故の影響度と発生頻度によって、リスクレベルを、Ｌ１〜Ｌ９の９段階に設定する。例えば、影響度が大きく、かつ、発生頻度の高い事故のリスクレベルは、最も危険性の高いＬ１となる。
なお、各事故の影響度の大小を、１点〜３点の影響度ポイントとして数値化し、かつ、発生頻度の高低を、１点〜３点の発生頻度ポイントとして数値化し、各事故に付けられた影響度ポイントと発生頻度ポイントの数値を掛け合わせて、リスクレベルをＬ１〜Ｌ９の９段階に判別しても良い。即ち、影響度ポイントと発生頻度ポイントが共に３点である場合は、３（点）×３（点）＝９点で、リスクレベルＬ１とし、以下、６点をリスクレベルＬ２，Ｌ３とし、４点〜３点をリスクレベルＬ４，Ｌ５，Ｌ６とし、２点をリスクレベルＬ７，Ｌ８、１点をリスクレベルＬ９とする。
この９段階のリスクレベルＬ１〜Ｌ９は、事故対応の重要度を示す目安となり、リスクレベルの高いものから優先的に事故再発防止策を講じる必要がある。
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the frequency of occurrence on the horizontal axis and the degree of influence on the vertical axis. As shown in FIG. 3, the risk levels are expressed as L1 to L9 depending on the degree of influence and the frequency of occurrence of the accident. 9 levels are set. For example, the risk level of an accident having a large influence and a high occurrence frequency is L1 having the highest risk.
The degree of impact of each accident is quantified as 1 to 3 impact points, and the frequency of occurrence is quantified as 1 to 3 occurrence points and assigned to each accident. The risk level may be determined in nine levels L1 to L9 by multiplying the numerical value of the influence point and the occurrence frequency point. That is, when both the impact point and the occurrence frequency point are 3 points, 3 (points) × 3 (points) = 9 points, the risk level is L1, and hereinafter, 6 points are the risk levels L2, L3, 4
These nine risk levels L1 to L9 serve as a guideline indicating the importance of handling an accident, and it is necessary to preferentially take measures to prevent the recurrence of an accident from those with a high risk level.
図１，図２に於て、重要管理点記憶工程Ｃは、各事故の危害要因を、低減・除去するための作業工程上の重要管理点を、コンピュータに入力して記憶させる工程である。
重要管理点記憶工程Ｃでは、ＨＡＣＣＰ（Ｈａｚａｒｄ Ａｎａｌｙｓｉｓ Ｃｒｉｔｉｃａｌ Ｃｏｎｔｒｏｌ Ｐｏｉｎｔ）の考え方に従って、事故を引き起こす危害要因を予測して、危害要因を効果的に低減・除去するために厳重に管理・監視しなければならない作業工程を、重要管理点とする。
1 and 2, the important control point storage step C is a step in which important control points in the work process for reducing / removing the hazards of each accident are input to the computer and stored.
In the important control point storage process C, a hazard factor causing an accident is predicted according to the concept of HACCP (Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point), and must be strictly managed and monitored to effectively reduce and eliminate the hazard factor. Unnecessary work processes are important control points.
事故再発防止策記憶工程Ｄは、各事故の作業工程上の重要管理点で講じるべき事故再発防止策を、コンピュータに、予め入力して記憶させる工程である。
事故再発防止策記憶工程Ｄに於て、過去に発生した事故の教訓から、事故の危害要因を洗い出して（分析して）、作業工程上（の重要管理点）に潜む危害要因を低減・除去するために、適切な手段を選択し、事故再発防止策を立案する。
The accident recurrence prevention measure storage step D is a step in which an accident recurrence prevention measure to be taken at an important control point in the work process of each accident is previously input and stored in a computer.
Accident recurrence prevention measures In memory process D, accident hazards are identified (analyzed) from lessons learned from accidents in the past, and hazards hidden in the work process (of important control points) are reduced or eliminated. In order to do so, select appropriate measures and formulate measures to prevent accident recurrence.
事故再発防止策決定工程Ｅは、事故記憶工程Ａにて入力した事故状況と同じ状況下で業務を行う際、業務の作業工程上の重要管理点に対応する事故再発防止策を、事故再発防止策記憶工程Ｄにて記憶した事故再発防止策のデータから抽出して、決定する工程を示す。
事故再発防止策の決定は、リスクレベル記憶工程Ｂにて入力されたリスクレベル（Ｌ１〜Ｌ９）に応じて、危険性の高い事故を引き起こす虞のある業務が優先的に行われる。また、作業工程上の重要管理点が複数ある場合には、各重要管理点毎に、最適な事故再発防止策を（事故再発防止策記憶工程Ｄにて記憶した事故再発防止策のデータから）取り出す。
上述の事故記憶工程Ａにて入力した過去の事故のデータは、事故発生時の作業者の行動や事故の発生場所・作業工程等によって、体系的に整理して入力されており、また、事故状況を端的に表わすキーワードは、事故再発防止策決定工程Ｅにて事故の情報を検索する際の検索項目として利用できる。
Accident recurrence prevention measure decision process E, when performing operations under the same accident situation entered in accident memory process A, prevent accident recurrence by implementing accident recurrence prevention measures corresponding to important control points in the work process The step of extracting and determining from the data of the accident recurrence prevention measure stored in the measure storage step D is shown.
The determination of the accident recurrence prevention measure is preferentially performed according to the risk level (L1 to L9) input in the risk level storage process B, which may cause a highly dangerous accident. In addition, when there are multiple important control points in the work process, the most appropriate accident recurrence prevention measures (from accident recurrence prevention measure data stored in accident recurrence prevention measure storage step D) are provided for each important control point. Take out.
The past accident data entered in the above accident memory process A has been systematically input according to the behavior of the worker at the time of the accident, the location and work process of the accident, etc. A keyword that simply represents the situation can be used as a search item when searching for accident information in the accident recurrence prevention measure determining step E.
ここで、本発明の事故予防管理方法を、具体例を挙げて説明する。
例えば、図６に示すように、壁に設置された捕虫器１の誘虫灯２を交換する作業中に、脚立３がバランスを崩して、作業者Ｍが転落する（転落しそうになる）事故Ａ１が発生したものとする。
この事故Ａ１の情報を、コンピュータに入力して記憶させる。この際、事故Ａ１の発生時の事故状況を「現場」「作業中」に分類し、キーワードとして「脚立」を、事故内容と共に入力する。
次に、事故Ａ１のリスクレベルをコンピュータに入力し記憶させる。事故Ａ１は、作業者が怪我をする虞れがあり、発生頻度も高いと予測されるため、最も危険性の高いリスクレベルＬ１として入力する。また、作業工程上の重要管理点（ＣＣＰ）は、「脚立に登って行う誘虫灯交換作業中」となり、事故再発防止策は、「２人で作業を行う。」「バランスを崩さないよう注意する。」と入力する。
Here, the accident prevention management method of the present invention will be described with specific examples.
For example, as shown in FIG. 6, during the operation of replacing the insect lamp 2 of the insect trap 1 installed on the wall, the
The information of the accident A 1, and stores are input to the computer. In this case, the accident situation at the time of occurrence of an accident A 1 was classified as "on-site", "working", the "ladder" as a keyword, to enter along with the accident contents.
Then, to enter the risk level of an accident A 1 in computer memory. Accident A 1, there is a possibility that a worker is injured, because the frequency of occurrence are also predicted to be high, inputs as the most dangerous risk level L1. In addition, the critical control point (CCP) in the work process is “During the replacement of the insect lamp on a stepladder”, and the accident recurrence prevention measures are “Work with two people.” “Be careful not to break the balance.” Enter. "
そして、次回の誘虫灯交換作業を脚立を用いて行う際には、同じ状況で起こり得る事故を防止するため、コンピュータで、過去の事故のデータ情報を検索して、作業工程上の重要管理点に対応する事故再発防止策を決定する。ここで、キーワードを「脚立」として入力された過去の事故のデータを抽出すると、例えば、表２に示すような情報が得られる。 Then, when performing the next lantern lamp replacement work using a stepladder, in order to prevent accidents that may occur in the same situation, the computer searches for data information of past accidents and is an important control point in the work process. Determine measures to prevent accident recurrence corresponding to Here, when past accident data input with the keyword “stepladder” is extracted, for example, information shown in Table 2 is obtained.
表２に示すように、過去に発生した事故のデータには、危険性の高いリスクレベルＬ１の事故が、上述した事故Ａ１の他にも含まれており、例えば、脚立の開きが甘く不安定な体勢で登ったというものや、脚立に登る際に滑った、あるいは、脚立を踏み外したという内容のものがある。
即ち、事故再発防止策決定工程Ｅでは、脚立を用いた業務を行う際には、「作業は２人で行う。」「脚立を正しい使い方で使用する。」「踏み外す・滑る・バランスを崩すことに注意して、脚立から転落しないよう丁寧かつ慎重に作業を行う。」等の事故再発防止策を、コンピュータで、自動的に決定する。
なお、営業所の出発時に脚立を積み忘れたり、作業終了後に脚立を現場に置き忘れたり、する事故を防止するため、出発前・作業終了後に確認する作業をするように、事故再発防止策の決定を行うこともある。
As shown in Table 2, the data for the accident in the past, the accident risk high risk level L1 is included in other accidents A 1 described above, for example, sweet open stepladder not There are things that climbed in a stable position, slipped when climbing a stepladder, or that stepped off the stepladder.
That is, in the accident recurrence prevention measure determination step E, when performing work using a stepladder, “work is performed by two people.” “Use the stepladder in the correct way.” “Slip off, slip, break balance. Carefully and carefully work so as not to fall from the stepladder. ”Preventive measures such as accident recurrence are automatically determined by the computer.
In addition, in order to prevent accidents such as forgetting to build up stepladders at the time of departure from the sales office or forgetting to place stepladders on the site after completion of work, decide on measures to prevent the recurrence of accidents, so that confirmation should be made before departure and after completion of work May be performed.
決定した事故再発防止策は、例えば、業務の管理基準書や作業手順書としてプリントアウトして出力する。出力した事故再発防止策は、脚立を用いて誘虫灯交換作業を行う作業者に送られる。 The determined accident recurrence prevention measures are printed out and output as, for example, a business management standard document or work procedure manual. The outputted accident recurrence prevention measures are sent to the worker who performs the insect lamp replacement work using the stepladder.
また、キーワードを「捕虫器」又は「捕虫紙」として入力された過去の事故のデータを抽出すると、例えば、表３に示すような情報が得られる。 Further, when past accident data input with the keyword as “insect trap” or “insect paper” is extracted, for example, information shown in Table 3 is obtained.
表３に示すように、捕虫器を扱う作業中の事故としては、取付時にビスを落したというものや、台車から捕虫器を落したというもの、設置した捕虫器が落下したもの、スイッチを入れ忘れたというもの、あるいは、電源接続時の手順不備等がある。
捕虫器を扱う作業を行う際、その業務の作業工程上の重要管理点に対応する事故再発防止策を、コンピュータに記憶した過去の事故の事故再発防止策のデータから抽出して、決定する。ここでは、表３に示すような事故再発防止策を決定して、出力する。
As shown in Table 3, accidents during the handling of insect traps include those that dropped screws during installation, those that dropped insect traps from trolleys, those that dropped the traps installed, and forgot to turn on the switch. Or there are inadequate procedures when connecting the power supply.
When working with insect traps, the accident recurrence prevention measures corresponding to the important control points in the work process of the work are extracted from the data of past accident recurrence prevention measures stored in the computer and determined. Here, an accident recurrence prevention measure as shown in Table 3 is determined and output.
このように、過去に発生した事故の教訓を活かし、過去の事故と同じ状況で、同種の事故が発生する虞のある業務を行う作業現場に於て、送られてきた過去の事故の情報を活用して、危険な箇所・行動を予知・予測することができ、なおかつ、作業工程上の重要管理点毎に設定された事故再発防止策に沿って作業を実行して、事故が発生するのを未然に防止でき、事故発生の件数を減少させることができる。 In this way, by using lessons learned from accidents that occurred in the past, information on past accidents sent at work sites where the same type of accidents may occur in the same situation as past accidents. It can be used to predict and predict dangerous locations and behaviors, and accidents can occur when work is carried out according to accident recurrence prevention measures set for each important control point in the work process. Can be prevented and the number of accidents can be reduced.
また、事故再発防止策決定工程Ｅにて決定した作業工程上の重要管理点に対する事故再発防止策を、実行しつつ業務を行った後に、新たに事故の発生が報告された場合、図５に示すように、事故再発防止策見直し工程Ｆと、重要管理点見直し工程Ｇと、業務見直し工程Ｈの内、少なくとも一工程を行う。なお、事故再発防止策見直し工程Ｆと、重要管理点見直し工程Ｇと、業務見直し工程Ｈについては、図４に具体的に示す。 In addition, if a new accident is reported after the accident recurrence prevention measures for the important control points in the work process determined in the accident recurrence prevention measure determination step E are performed, As shown, at least one of the accident recurrence prevention measure review process F, the important control point review process G, and the business review process H is performed. The accident recurrence prevention measure review process F, the important control point review process G, and the business review process H are specifically shown in FIG.
図５に示すように、新たな事故が発生した作業工程上の重要管理点に対してとった事故再発防止策が、適切であったか否かの判断を行う。
事故再発防止策見直し工程Ｆは、事故再発防止策が適切でなかったと判断した場合、業務の作業工程上の重要管理点にて行った事故再発防止策を見直して、新たな事故再発防止策をコンピュータに入力して記憶させる工程である。
一方、事故再発防止策が適切であったと判断した場合、次に、業務の作業工程上の重要管理点が適切であったか否かを判断する。
As shown in FIG. 5, it is determined whether or not the accident recurrence prevention measures taken for the important control points in the work process in which a new accident has occurred are appropriate.
When the accident recurrence prevention measure review process F determines that the accident recurrence prevention measure is not appropriate, the accident recurrence prevention measure reviewed at the important control point in the work process of the work is reviewed, and a new accident recurrence prevention measure is taken. This is a process of inputting to a computer and storing it.
On the other hand, when it is determined that the accident recurrence prevention measures are appropriate, it is next determined whether the important control points in the work process of the business are appropriate.
重要管理点見直し工程Ｇは、作業工程上の重要管理点が適切でなかったと判断した場合、業務の作業工程上の重要管理点の見直しを行って、新たな重要管理点をコンピュータに入力して記憶させる工程である。
一方、重要管理点が適切であったと判断した場合、同じ状況で同種の事故の発生を防止することが可能であるか否かの判断を行う。
If the critical control point review process G determines that the critical control point in the work process is not appropriate, the critical control point in the work process of the work is reviewed and the new critical control point is input to the computer. It is a process of memorizing.
On the other hand, when it is determined that the important management point is appropriate, it is determined whether or not it is possible to prevent the occurrence of the same type of accident in the same situation.
業務見直し工程Ｈは、事故の発生を防止できない業務であると判断した場合、その業務を見直して、作業工程の設計を変更したり作業人数を変更し、あるいは、その業務自体を行わないという決定をする工程である。
事故の発生を予防可能であると判断した場合には、事故の内容を、発生時の事故状況によって分類して、コンピュータに入力して記憶させ、過去の事故の教訓として活用し、同じ状況での事故を繰り返さないように、事故予防に役立てる。
If it is determined that the work review process H is a work that cannot prevent the occurrence of an accident, the work is reviewed and the design of the work process is changed, the number of workers is changed, or the work itself is not performed. It is the process of doing.
If it is determined that the occurrence of an accident can be prevented, the contents of the accident are classified according to the accident situation at the time of the occurrence, input and stored in a computer, and used as a lesson from past accidents. This will help prevent accidents so that they do not repeat accidents.
なお、事故再発防止策決定工程Ｅにて決定した作業工程上の重要管理点に対する事故再発防止策は、作業現場に送られて作業中の危険予知に活用するだけでなく、作業準備リストとして出力されて、作業者が営業所を出発する前の資材等の準備に活用したり、あるいは、顧客情報シートとし、作業前の事前情報収集をするのに役立てられる。また、作業者の教育・研修等に用いるため、社内規程やマニュアルとして出力したり、危険予知トレーニングの訓練題材としたり、あるいは、日常的な事故防止啓発に活用するも好ましい。 In addition, accident recurrence prevention measures for important control points in the work process determined in accident recurrence prevention measure decision process E are not only sent to the work site for use in predicting hazards, but also output as a work preparation list. Thus, it can be used to prepare materials before the worker leaves the sales office, or can be used as a customer information sheet to collect prior information before work. In addition, for use in worker education and training, it is preferable to output it as in-house regulations or manuals, as training material for risk prediction training, or for daily accident prevention and enlightenment.
なお、上述した本発明を、事故予防管理システムとして表現すれば、次の通りである。
過去に発生した多数の事故のデータを発生時の事故状況によって分類して記憶する事故記憶手段ａと、各事故の影響度と発生頻度に対応するリスクレベルＬを記憶するリスクレベル記憶手段ｂと、各事故の危害要因を低減・除去するための作業工程上の重要管理点を記憶する重要管理点記憶手段ｃと、各事故の作業工程上の重要管理点で講じるべき事故再発防止策を記憶する事故再発防止策記憶手段ｄとを、有するコンピュータを具備し、コンピュータは、上記事故状況と同じ状況下で業務を行う際、業務の作業工程上の重要管理点に対応する事故再発防止策を、事故再発防止策記憶手段ｄに記憶した事故再発防止策のデータから抽出して、決定する事故再発防止策決定手段ｅを、具備する事故予防管理システムである。
The above-described present invention can be expressed as an accident prevention management system as follows.
An accident storage means a for classifying and storing data of a large number of accidents that occurred in the past according to the accident situation at the time of occurrence; a risk level storage means b for storing a risk level L corresponding to the degree of influence and frequency of occurrence of each accident; , Memorize important control point storage means c that stores important control points in the work process to reduce / remove the hazards of each accident, and memorize accident prevention measures to be taken at the important control points in the work process of each accident And a computer having an accident recurrence prevention measure storage means d. When the computer conducts business under the same situation as the accident situation described above, an accident recurrence prevention measure corresponding to an important control point in the work process of the work is provided. The accident prevention management system includes an accident recurrence prevention measure determination means e that is extracted from the data of the accident recurrence prevention measures stored in the accident recurrence prevention measure storage means d.
なお、本発明は、設計変更可能であって、例えば、各事故のリスクレベルを９段階に限らず、段階を減らして荒い区分としたり、逆に、段階を増やして細かな区分とするも自由である。 The present invention can be changed in design. For example, the risk level of each accident is not limited to nine levels, and can be divided into rough categories by reducing the levels, or conversely, the levels can be increased into fine categories. It is.
以上のように、本発明に係る事故予防管理方法は、過去に発生した多数の事故のデータを、発生時の事故状況によって分類して、コンピュータに、予め入力して記憶させる事故記憶工程Ａと、上記各事故の影響度と発生頻度に対応するリスクレベルＬを、コンピュータに入力して記憶させるリスクレベル記憶工程Ｂと、上記各事故の危害要因を、低減・除去するための作業工程上の重要管理点を、コンピュータに入力して記憶させる重要管理点記憶工程Ｃと、上記各事故の作業工程上の重要管理点で講じるべき事故再発防止策を、コンピュータに、予め入力して記憶させる事故再発防止策記憶工程Ｄと、上記事故状況と同じ状況下で業務を行う際、該業務の作業工程上の重要管理点に対応する事故再発防止策を、上記事故再発防止策記憶工程Ｄにて記憶した上記事故再発防止策のデータから抽出して、決定する事故再発防止策決定工程Ｅとを、具備するので、従来のように人の勘と経験に頼らず、事故を防止する上で最適な業務の作業工程上の重要管理点に、必要かつ十分な事故再発防止策を決定できる。比較的経験の浅い作業者であっても、業務の作業工程上の危険を予知・予測することができ、熟練を要さずに、適切な事故再発防止策を行うことができる。従って、過剰品質の事故再発防止策を行って作業効率を低下させることがなく、逆に、事故再発防止策が不十分となることを防止でき、同種の事故が繰返し発生することを未然に防ぐことができる。事故による影響度が大きく、かつ、発生頻度の高い、危険性（リスクレベルＬ）の高い事故を引き起こす虞のある業務に、優先的に対応して、特に重大な事故の再発を防止することができる。このように、コンピュータへの簡単な入力作業によって、自動的に、業務上の事故を防ぐための最適な事故再発防止策の決定を行うことができる。 As described above, the accident prevention management method according to the present invention includes an accident storage step A in which data of a large number of accidents that occurred in the past are classified according to the accident situation at the time of occurrence and stored in advance by a computer. The risk level storage process B for inputting and storing the risk level L corresponding to the degree of influence and occurrence frequency of each accident to the computer, and the work process for reducing / removing the hazard factors of each accident Accidents in which important control points are stored in the computer by inputting the important control points C and the accident recurrence prevention measures to be taken at the important control points in the work processes of the above accidents. Recurrence prevention measure storage process D and the accident recurrence prevention measure storage step corresponding to the important control point in the work process of the operation when performing the business under the same situation as the accident situation The accident recurrence prevention measure determination step E is extracted from the data of the accident recurrence prevention measures stored in step 1 above, so that it is possible to prevent accidents without relying on human intuition and experience as in the past. Therefore, necessary and sufficient accident recurrence prevention measures can be determined as important management points in the work process of the optimum work. Even a worker who is relatively inexperienced can predict and predict dangers in the work process of work, and can take appropriate measures to prevent accident recurrence without requiring skill. Therefore, there is no reduction in work efficiency by taking measures to prevent the recurrence of excessive quality accidents. On the contrary, it is possible to prevent accident recurrence prevention measures from becoming insufficient, and to prevent the same type of accidents from occurring repeatedly. be able to. To prevent the recurrence of particularly serious accidents by giving priority to operations that may cause accidents with a high degree of risk (risk level L) that are highly affected by accidents and that occur frequently. it can. As described above, it is possible to automatically determine an optimal accident recurrence prevention measure for preventing a business accident by a simple input operation to a computer.
また、上記事故再発防止策決定工程Ｅにて決定した上記事故再発防止策を、実行しつつ業務を行った後に、新たに事故の発生が報告された場合に、上記業務の作業工程上の重要管理点にて行った事故再発防止策を見直して、新たな事故再発防止策をコンピュータに入力して記憶させる事故再発防止策見直し工程Ｆと、上記業務の作業工程上の重要管理点の見直しを行って、新たな重要管理点をコンピュータに入力して記憶させる重要管理点見直し工程Ｇと、事故の発生を防止できない業務の見直しを行う業務見直し工程Ｈの内、少なくとも一工程を行うので、予め入力して記憶させた事故再発防止策が、十分な事故再発防止効果を発揮していなくても、新たな事故再発防止策を入力して記憶させることで、同じ事故が繰返し発生するのを未然に防ぐことができる。また、業務の作業工程上の重要管理点を修正して、事故に潜む危害要因を効果的に低減・除去することができ、同じ事故が繰返し発生するのを予防できる。また、業務の見直しを行うことで、事故の再発防止が困難な作業工程の設計を変更し、あるいは、その業務自体を行わないという決定をして、事故発生の件数を減少させることができる。 In addition, when a new accident is reported after the accident recurrence prevention measures determined in the accident recurrence prevention measure determination step E are being executed, it is important in the work process of the above operations. Review the accident recurrence prevention measures taken at the control point, input the new accident recurrence prevention measures into the computer and store them in the accident recurrence prevention measure review step F, and review the important control points in the work process of the above work At least one of the important control point review process G for inputting and storing new important control points to the computer and the business review process H for reviewing the work that cannot prevent the occurrence of an accident is performed in advance. Even if the accident recurrence prevention measures that have been entered and stored are not sufficiently effective in preventing accident recurrences, it is possible to prevent the same accidents from occurring repeatedly by entering and storing new accident recurrence prevention measures. It is possible to prevent. In addition, it is possible to correct important control points in the work process of work, and to effectively reduce or eliminate the hazards lurking in the accident, and to prevent the same accident from occurring repeatedly. Also, by reviewing the work, it is possible to reduce the number of accidents by changing the design of the work process where it is difficult to prevent the recurrence of the accident, or by deciding not to perform the work itself.
また、上記事故記憶工程Ａに於て、上記各事故の発生時の事故状況を端的に表わすキーワードを、コンピュータに、予め入力して記憶させるので、事故再発防止策決定工程Ｅにて過去の事故の情報を検索する際の検索項目として、キーワードを有効に利用でき、容易かつ迅速に、事故の情報を抽出することができる。 In the accident storage process A, since a keyword representing the accident situation at the time of the occurrence of each accident is preliminarily input and stored in the computer, past accidents are determined in the accident recurrence prevention measure determination process E. As a search item when searching for information, keywords can be used effectively, and accident information can be extracted easily and quickly.
Ａ 事故記憶工程
Ｂ リスクレベル記憶工程
Ｃ 重要管理点記憶工程
Ｄ 事故再発防止策記憶工程
Ｅ 事故再発防止策決定工程
Ｆ 事故再発防止策見直し工程
Ｇ 重要管理点見直し工程
Ｈ 業務見直し工程
Ｌ リスクレベル
A Accident memory process B Risk level memory process C Critical control point memory process D Accident recurrence prevention policy storage process E Accident recurrence prevention policy decision process F Accident recurrence prevention policy review process G Critical control point review process H Business review process L Risk level
Claims (1)
上記各事故による影響度と発生頻度に対応するリスクレベル（Ｌ）を記憶するリスクレベル記憶手段（ｂ）と、
上記各事故の危害要因を低減・除去するための作業工程上の重要管理点を記憶する重要管理点記憶手段（ｃ）と、
上記各事故の作業工程上の重要管理点で講じるべき事故再発防止策を記憶する事故再発防止策記憶手段（ｄ）と、
上記事故状況と同じ状況下で業務を行う際、上記キーワードの入力により、該入力されたキーワードに対応する業務の作業工程上の重要管理点に於ける事故再発防止策を、上記事故再発防止策記憶手段（ｄ）にて記憶した上記事故再発防止策のデータから、抽出して、決定する事故再発防止策決定手段（ｅ）と、
を有するコンピュータを具備し、
上記事故再発防止策の決定は、上記リスクレベル記憶手段（ｂ）に入力されたリスクレベル（Ｌ）に応じて、危険性の高い事故を引き起こす虞のある業務についての事故再発防止策を優先して、行われるように構成し、
さらに、上記事故再発防止策決定手段（ｅ）によって決定された事故再発防止策を出力する出力手段を、具備することを特徴とする事故予防管理システム。 Accident storage means (a) for storing data classified by accident situations at the time of occurrence for a number of accidents that occurred in the past, together with keywords that briefly represent the accident situation of each of the accidents,
A risk level storage means (b) for storing a risk level (L) corresponding to the degree of influence and frequency of occurrence of each accident;
An important control point storage means (c) for storing an important control point in the work process for reducing / removing the hazard factor of each accident,
Accident recurrence prevention measure storage means (d) for memorizing the accident recurrence prevention measures to be taken at the important control points in the work process of each accident,
When conducting business under the same situation as the above accident situation, by entering the above keyword, the accident recurrence prevention measure at the important control point in the work process of the business corresponding to the entered keyword is replaced with the above accident recurrence prevention measure. Accident recurrence prevention measure determination means (e) that is extracted from the data of the accident recurrence prevention measures stored in the storage means (d) and determined;
A computer having
In the determination of the accident recurrence prevention measures, priority is given to the accident recurrence prevention measures for work that may cause a high-risk accident according to the risk level (L) input to the risk level storage means (b). Configured to be done,
The accident prevention management system further comprising output means for outputting the accident recurrence prevention measure determined by the accident recurrence prevention measure determining means (e).
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