JP6404145B2 - Contact microphone - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a contact microphone that converts mechanical vibration of a string of a stringed instrument into an electric signal.

  A contact microphone (vibration pickup) that converts mechanical vibration of a string of a stringed instrument such as a contrabass into an electric signal often uses a piezoelectric element that does not require a complicated electronic circuit. There are two types of contact microphones that use piezoelectric elements: a type that detects acceleration and a type that detects force. A contact microphone of a type that detects force is attached by being sandwiched by a part of a stringed musical instrument or the like, and converts a change in pressure caused by vibration of the string to the attached portion into an electric signal.

  A contact microphone that has been used by being attached to a piece (bridge) of a stringed musical instrument has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

FIG. 6 is a front view showing a conventional contact microphone attached to a piece.
The contact microphone includes a box-shaped housing 50. A vibration sensor that generates an electrical signal corresponding to the vibration of the housing 50 is built in the housing 50. The electrical signal generated by the vibration sensor in the housing 50 is output from the output cable 55 to the outside of the contact microphone.

  On both opposite side surfaces of the housing 50, rod-like support arms 53 and 54 are provided so as to protrude coaxially, that is, linearly.

  One ends of the support arms 53 and 54 are fixed to the housing 50. Pressers 51 and 52 are attached to the other ends of the support arms 53 and 54. The support arms 53 and 54 are male screw shafts. The pressing elements 51 and 52 are rotatably supported by an adjusting nut having a female screw that is screwed to the male screw shaft of the support arms 53 and 54. The pressing elements 51 and 52 are provided so as to be movable with respect to the support arms 53 and 54 by rotating with respect to the support arms 53 and 54. That is, the distance between the pressers 51 and 52 and the housing 50 is variable.

  The contact microphone is arranged so that the pressing members 51 and 52 are in contact with the inner surfaces of the leg portions 13b and 13c of the piece 13. That is, for example, in a state where the pressing element 52 is in contact with the inner surface of the leg portion 13 c, the pressing element 51 rotates relative to the support arm 53 and moves away from the housing 50. The presser 51 comes into contact with the inner surface of the leg portion 13b by this rotation and movement.

  In this way, the contact microphone rotates the other pressing element in a state where one pressing element is in contact with the inner surfaces of the leg portions 13b and 13c, and the two pressing elements 51 and 52 become the inner surfaces of the leg portions 13b and 13c. Is attached to the piece 13.

  When the string 12 in contact with the surface of the top portion 13a is played with the contact microphone attached to the piece 13, the vibration of the string 12 is transmitted from the top portion 13a to the leg portions 13b and 13c.

  The vibration sensor in the housing 50 detects vibration (pressure change) transmitted through the leg portions 13b and 13c via the pressers 51 and 52 and the support arms 53 and 54, and outputs an electrical signal corresponding to the vibration. Generate. The electrical signal generated by the vibration sensor in the housing 50 is output to a signal processing device outside the contact microphone via the output cable 55. If the signal processing device is a speaker, the signal processing device processes a signal from the contact microphone and outputs a sound corresponding to the mechanical vibration of the string 12.

Japanese Patent No. 5464916

  Inside the stringed instrument, a bus bar and a column are arranged, and are closely related to the piece in order to emit sound to the outside. However, the above-described conventional contact microphone remains attached to the piece 13 and cannot change the sound quality of the sound output by changing the balance of vibration of each of the leg portions 13b and 13c of the piece 13. That is, the conventional contact microphone cannot efficiently detect the vibration that changes depending on the positional relationship with the bus bar or the column.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems of the prior art. The sound output by changing the balance of vibration of each leg of the detected piece while being attached to the piece is provided. An object of the present invention is to provide a contact microphone capable of changing the sound quality.

  The present invention is a contact microphone that is attached to a piece sandwiched between a string and a trunk of a stringed musical instrument and converts mechanical vibrations of the string into an electric signal. The contact microphone includes a plurality of casings and includes a plurality of casings. Each of the bodies includes a vibration sensor that generates an electrical signal corresponding to vibration, and a plurality of pressing elements that are in contact with the pieces, and the plurality of pressing elements included in each casing are common to the respective casings. It is a common presser and a unique presser unique to each housing.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to change the sound quality of the sound output by changing the balance of vibration of each leg portion of the detected piece while being attached to the piece.

It is a perspective view of a stringed musical instrument to which a contact microphone according to the present invention is attached. It is a front view of the piece of the stringed musical instrument to which the contact microphone is attached. It is a schematic diagram which shows the arrangement | positioning relationship between the bus bar and soul pillar arrange | positioned inside the trunk | drum of the said stringed instrument, and the said piece. It is a front view which shows embodiment of the said contact microphone. It is a front view of the contact microphone attached to the piece. It is a front view of the conventional contact microphone attached to the said piece.

  Embodiments of a contact microphone according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a stringed musical instrument to which a contact microphone according to the present invention is attached. The stringed instrument 10 is, for example, a contrabass.

  A wooden neck 14 is attached to the distal end side of a wooden body (resonance body) 11 of the stringed instrument 10. Four bobbins 15 (two not shown) are attached to the begbox 16 at the tip of the neck 14. One end of a string 12 made of gut or steel is wound around each of the spools 15. A wooden tailpiece 17 to which the other end side of the string 12 is locked is attached to the rear end side of the trunk 11.

  In addition, the material of each member which comprises the stringed instrument 10 mentioned above is an example.

  On the surface of the front plate of the trunk 11 between the neck 14 and the tail piece 17, a piece 13 is detachably held between the trunk 11 and the string 12. The piece 13 is a plate-like member made of a saddle material or the like. The piece 13 transmits the vibration of the string 12 to the body 11. The contact microphone 1 according to the present invention is attached to the piece 13 as described later.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the piece 13 as viewed from the tailpiece 17 side.
The piece 13 includes a top portion 13a and leg portions 13b and 13c formed in a bifurcated shape from the top portion 13a. A part of the four strings 12 is placed on the surface of the top portion 13a (the upper surface of the drawing). The back surfaces of the leg portions 13 b and 13 c are in contact with the surface of the front plate of the trunk 11.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing an arrangement relationship between the bus bar 11 b and the soul pillar 11 c and the piece 13. The bus bar 11b and the massive column 11c are arranged inside the cylinder 11, that is, in a space formed by the front plate 11a, the back plate (not shown) and the side plate (not shown) of the cylinder 11. The piece 13, the bus bar 11b, and the soul column 11c convert the vibration in the lateral direction (left and right direction on the paper surface) of the string 12 during the stringing into vibrations in the vertical direction (up and down direction on the paper surface) to vibrate the front plate 11a.

  The leg portion 13 b and the leg portion 13 c transmit vibration from the top portion 13 a to the body 11. However, since the bus bar 11b and the soul column 11c are arranged on the back side of the front plate 11a, the leg portion 13b and the leg portion 13c do not always vibrate in the same manner.

FIG. 4 is a front view showing an embodiment of a contact microphone according to the present invention.
The contact microphone 1 includes box-shaped housings 2 and 3. A vibration sensor that generates an electrical signal corresponding to the vibration of the housings 2 and 3 is built in the housings 2 and 3. The vibration sensor is composed of, for example, a piezoelectric element. Electrical signals generated by the vibration sensors in the casings 2 and 3 are output from the output cables 24 and 34 to the outside of the contact microphone 1.

  On both opposite side surfaces of the housing 2, rod-like support arms 22 and 23 are provided so as to protrude coaxially, that is, linearly. The output cable 24 is provided on a side surface of the housing 2 other than the side surface on which the support arms 22 and 23 project.

  One end of the support arm 22 is fixed to the housing 2. A unique pressing member 21 is attached to the other end of the support arm 22. The support arm 22 is a male screw shaft. The inherent pressing element 21 is rotatably supported by an adjustment nut having a female screw that is screwed onto the male screw shaft of the support arm 22. The unique pressing element 21 is provided so as to be movable with respect to the support arm 22 by rotating with respect to the support arm 22. That is, the distance between the inherent pressing element 21 and the housing 2 is variable.

  One end of the support arm 23 is fixed to the housing 2. The other end of the support arm 23 is fixed to the common presser 41. The common pressing element 41 is provided so as not to move with respect to the support arm 23. That is, the distance between the common pressing element 41 and the housing 2 is fixed.

  On both opposing side surfaces of the housing 3, rod-like support arms 32 and 33 are provided so as to protrude coaxially, that is, linearly. The output cable 34 is provided on a side surface of the housing 3 other than the side surface on which the support arms 32 and 33 project.

  One end of the support arm 32 is fixed to the housing 3. A unique pressing member 31 is attached to the other end of the support arm 32. The support arm 32 is a male screw shaft. The inherent pressing member 31 is rotatably supported by an adjustment nut having a female screw that is screwed onto the male screw shaft of the support arm 32. The unique pressing element 31 is provided so as to be movable with respect to the support arm 32 by rotating with respect to the support arm 32. That is, the distance between the specific pressing element 31 and the housing 3 is variable.

  One end of the support arm 33 is fixed to the housing 3. The other end of the support arm 33 is fixed to the common presser 41. The common pressing element 41 is provided so as not to move with respect to the support arm 33. That is, the distance between the common pressing element 41 and the housing 3 is fixed.

  As described above, the unique pressing member 21 is a unique pressing member of the housing 2. The unique presser 31 is a unique pusher of the housing 3. The common pressing element 41 is a pressing element common to the casings 2 and 3.

  Next, a method of attaching to the piece 13 of the contact microphone 1 will be described.

  The contact microphone 1 rotates the specific pressure element 21 and the specific pressure element 31 in advance to shorten the support arm 22 and the support arm 32, and then connects the specific pressure elements 21 and 31 and the common pressure element 41 to the legs. It is attached in contact with the inner surfaces of 13b and 13c.

FIG. 5 is a front view of the contact microphone 1 attached to the piece 13.
The contact microphone 1 is disposed so that the common pressing element 41 contacts the inner surface of the connection portion with the top portion 13a among the inner surfaces of the leg portions 13b and 13c.

  Next, the specific pressing element 21 moves in a direction away from the housing 2 by rotating with respect to the support arm 22. That is, the support arm 22 extends from the housing 2. As a result, the inherent pressing element 21 contacts the inner surface of the inner surface of the leg portion 13b near the surface of the top plate of the trunk 11 (near the lower end of the paper surface of the leg portion 13b).

  Similarly, the specific pressing element 31 moves in a direction away from the housing 3 by rotating with respect to the support arm 32. As a result, the inherent pressing element 31 contacts the inner surface of the leg portion 13c near the surface of the top plate of the trunk 11 (near the lower end of the paper surface of the leg portion 13c).

  As described above, the contact microphone 1 rotates the unique pushers 21 and 31 in a state where the common pusher 41 is in contact with the inner surfaces of the leg portions 13b and 13c, thereby extending the lengths of the support arms 22 and 32. The pressing elements 21 and 31 are attached to the piece 13 by being pressed against the inner surfaces of the leg portions 13b and 13c.

  When the string 12 abutting on the surface of the top portion 13a is played with the contact microphone 1 attached to the piece 13, the vibration of the string 12 is transmitted from the top portion 13a to the leg portions 13b and 13c.

  When the vibration of the string 12 is transmitted from the top portion 13a to the leg portion 13b, the vibration sensor in the housing 2 transmits the vibration transmitted through the natural pressing member 21, the common pressing member 41, and the support arms 22 and 23 ( A pressure change is detected, and an electrical signal corresponding to the vibration is generated. The electrical signal generated by the vibration sensor in the housing 2 is output to a signal processing device outside the contact microphone 1 via the output cable 24.

  Similarly, when the vibration of the string 12 is transmitted from the top portion 13a to the leg portion 13c, the vibration sensor in the housing 3 is transmitted via the inherent pressing element 31, the common pressing element 41, and the support arms 32 and 33. Vibration (pressure change) is detected, and an electrical signal corresponding to the vibration is generated. The electrical signal generated by the vibration sensor in the housing 3 is output to a signal processing device outside the contact microphone 1 via the output cable 34.

  The signal processing apparatus to which the electrical signals from the output cables 24 and 34 are input mixes the electrical signal from the output cable 24 and the electrical signal from the output cable 34 to generate a mixed signal, and outputs sound such as a speaker. Output to the device. The signal processing device changes the sound quality output from the audio output device by changing the mixing ratio of the electrical signals from each output cable. That is, for example, the signal processing apparatus includes an operation unit for changing the mixing ratio of electric signals from each output cable, and a player or a sound engineer of the stringed instrument 10 operates the operation unit to perform a player or the like. The sound output device can output the sound of the desired sound quality and the sound quality suitable for the situation such as recording.

  According to the embodiment described above, when the string 12 vibrates, the contact microphone 1 detects the vibration transmitted to the leg portion 13b and the vibration transmitted to the leg portion 13c separately to electrically Convert to signal and output. That is, by using the contact microphone 1 in combination with a signal processing device such as a mixer, the sound quality of the sound output from the audio output device can be electrically changed while the contact microphone 1 is attached to the piece 13. .

  In the embodiment described above, the common pressing element 41 is provided so as not to move with respect to the support arms 23 and 33, and the unique pressing elements 21 and 31 are provided so as to be movable with respect to the support arms 22 and 32. However, the contact microphone according to the present invention is not limited to this. That is, the common pressing element 41 may be provided so as to be movable with respect to the support arms 23 and 33, and the unique pressing elements 21 and 31 may be provided so as not to be movable with respect to the support arms 22 and 32. Alternatively, the common pressing element 41 may be provided so as to be movable with respect to the support arms 23 and 33, and the unique pressing elements 21 and 31 may be provided so as to be movable with respect to the support arms 22 and 32.

  Moreover, in embodiment described above, the place where the common presser 41 contacts among the inner surfaces of the leg portions 13b and 13c is a connection portion between the leg portions 13b and 13c and the top portion 13a. That is, the distance from the common pressing element 41 to the specific pressing element 21 and the distance from the common pressing element 41 to the specific pressing element 31 were substantially equal. However, the attachment position of the contact microphone according to the present invention to the piece 13 is not limited to this. That is, the common presser 41 is placed at a position where the distance from the common presser 41 to the specific presser 21 and the distance from the common presser 41 to the specific presser 31 are different from each other on the inner surfaces of the legs 13b and 13c. The contact microphone 1 may be attached to the piece 13 in contact.

  Furthermore, in the embodiment described above, each of the housings 2 and 3 is provided with two support arms. That is, each housing includes two pressing elements, a specific pressing element and a common pressing element, but the contact microphone according to the present invention is not limited to this. That is, for example, each housing may include two unique pressing elements and one common pressing element. Moreover, the number of the pressers with which each housing | casing is provided does not need to be the same number. That is, for example, a housing including two pressing elements, one unique pressing element and one common pressing element, and a casing including three pressing elements, two unique pressing elements and one common pressing element. A contact microphone may be used. Further, the number of common pressing elements included in each housing is not limited to 1, and may be 2 or more.

  Furthermore, in the embodiment described above, the number of legs provided on the piece and the number of housings are both “2”, but the contact microphone according to the present invention is not limited thereto. Not exclusively. That is, for example, the number of legs of the piece may be 3, and the number of housings provided in the contact microphone attached to the piece may be 2.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Contact microphone 10 Stringed musical instrument 11 Trunk 12 String 13 Piece 13a Piece top 13b Piece leg 13c Piece leg 2 Case 21 Intrinsic presser 22 Support arm 23 Support arm 24 Output cable 3 Case 31 Intrinsic presser 32 Support arm 33 Support Arm 34 Output cable 41 Common presser

Claims (10)

A contact microphone that is attached to a piece that is sandwiched between a string and a body of a stringed instrument and converts mechanical vibration of the string into an electric signal,
With multiple housings,
Each of the plurality of housings is
A vibration sensor that generates an electrical signal in response to the vibration;
A plurality of pressing elements in contact with the piece;
With
The plurality of pressing elements included in each casing are a common pressing element common to the respective casings and a specific pressing element unique to each casing.
Contact microphone characterized by that. Each of the plurality of pressing elements provided in the casing is provided at a tip of a support arm corresponding to each pressing element protruding from the casing,
The common pressing element is provided so as not to move with respect to the support arm,
The specific pressing element is provided to be movable with respect to the support arm.
The contact microphone according to claim 1. Each of the plurality of pressing elements provided in the casing is provided at a tip of a support arm corresponding to each pressing element protruding from the casing,
The common pressing element is provided to be movable with respect to the support arm,
The specific pressing element is provided so as not to move with respect to the support arm.
The contact microphone according to claim 1. Each of the plurality of pressing elements provided in the casing is provided at a tip of a support arm corresponding to each pressing element protruding from the casing,
The common pressing element is provided to be movable with respect to the support arm,
The specific pressing element is provided to be movable with respect to the support arm.
The contact microphone according to claim 1. The support arm is a male screw shaft,
The presser provided to be movable with respect to the support arm is rotatably supported by an adjustment nut having a female screw threadedly engaged with the male screw shaft.
The contact microphone according to claim 2. The support arm on which the common pressing element is provided and the support arm on which the unique pressing element is provided are provided so as to protrude coaxially with the casing.
The contact microphone according to claim 2. The number of the housings and the number of legs included in the piece are the same.
The contact microphone according to claim 1. Each of the plurality of cases corresponds to each of the plurality of legs.
The inherent pressing element included in each housing abuts a corresponding leg portion among the plurality of leg portions,
The contact microphone according to claim 7. The inherent pressing element abuts on the leg portion in the vicinity of the front plate of the trunk,
The contact microphone according to claim 7 or 8. The number of pressers included in each housing and the number of legs included in the piece are the same.
The contact microphone according to claim 1.

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